Relevant bibliographies by topics / Surface somme

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Surface somme'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Surface somme"

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Pontreau, Corentin. "Petits points d’une surface." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 61, no. 5 (October 1, 2009): 1118–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-2009-053-x.

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Résumé. Pour toute sous-vari ét é géométriquement irréductible $V$ du groupe multiplicatif $\mathbb{G}_{m}^{n}$, on sait qu’en dehors d’un nombre fini de translat és de tores exceptionnels inclus dans $V$, tous les points sont de hauteur minorée par une certaine quantit é $q{{(V)}^{-1}}>0$. On conna ît de plus une borne supérieure pour la somme des degrés de ces translat és de tores pour des valeurs de $q(V)$ polynomiales en le degré de $V$. Ceci n’est pas le cas si l’on exige une minoration quasi-optimale pour la hauteur des points de $V$, essentiellement linéaire en l’inverse du degré.Nous apportons ici une réponse partielle à ce problème : nous donnons une majoration de la somme des degrés de ces translat és de sous-tores de codimension 1 d’une hypersurface $V$. Les résultats, obtenus dans le cas de $\mathbb{G}_{m}^{3}$,mais complètement explicites, peuvent toutefois s’étendre à $\mathbb{G}_{m}^{n}$,moyennant quelques petites complications inhérentes à la dimension $n$.
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Delestrée, Louis-Pol, and Christiane Delplace. "Les monnaies gauloises de Digeon (Somme). Les ramassages de surface : première approche statistique." Revue archéologique de Picardie 1, no. 1 (1986): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/pica.1986.1482.

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Habets, F., S. Gascoin, S. Korkmaz, D. Thiéry, M. Zribi, N. Amraoui, M. Carli, et al. "Multi-model comparison of a major flood in the groundwater-fed basin of the Somme River (France)." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 6, no. 5 (September 28, 2009): 6135–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-6-6135-2009.

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Abstract. The Somme River Basin is located above a chalk aquifer and the discharge of the somme River is highly influenced by groundwater inflow (90% of river discharge is baseflow). In 2001, the Somme River Basin suffered from a major flood causing damages estimated to 100 million Euro (Deneux and Martin, 2001). The purpose of the present research is to evaluate the ability of four hydrologic models to reproduce flood events in the Somme River Basin over an 18-year period, by comparison with observed river discharge and piezometric head as well as satellite-derived extents of the flooded area. The models used differ in their computation of the surface water budget and in their representation of saturated and unsaturated zones. One model needed structural modification to be able to accurately simulate the riverflows of the Somme river. The models obtained fair to good simulations of the observed piezometric heads, but they all overestimate the piezometric level after flooding, possibly because of a simplistic representation of the deep unsaturated flow. Models differ in their annual partition of the infiltration of water within the root zone (mostly driven by simulated evapotranspiration), but these differences are attenuated by water transfers within the saturated and unsaturated zone. As a consequence, the inter-model dispersion of the computed annual baseflow is reduced. The aquifer overflow areas simulated during flooding compare well with local data and satellite images. The models showed that this overflow occurs almost every year in the same areas (in the floodplain), and that the flooding of 2001 was characterized by an increase in the quantity of the overflow and not much by a spreading of the overflow areas. Inconsistencies between river discharge and piezometric levels suggest that further investigation are needed to estimate the relative influence of unsaturated and saturated zones on the hydrodynamics of the Somme River Basin.
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Emontspohl, Anne Françoise, and Didier Vermeersch. "Premier exemple d'une succession Bölling Dryas II - Allerød en Picardie (Famechon, Somme)." Quaternaire 2, no. 1 (1991): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/quate.1991.1949.

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Antoine, Pierre, Patrick Auguste, Jean-Jacques Bahain, Christine Chaussé, Christophe Falguères, Bassam Ghaleb, Nicole Limondin-Lozouet, Jean-Luc Locht, and Pierre Voinchet. "Chronostratigraphy and palaeoenvironments of Acheulean occupations in Northern France (Somme, Seine and Yonne valleys)." Quaternary International 223-224 (September 2010): 456–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2009.07.014.

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Habets, F., S. Gascoin, S. Korkmaz, D. Thiéry, M. Zribi, N. Amraoui, M. Carli, et al. "Multi-model comparison of a major flood in the groundwater-fed basin of the Somme River (France)." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 14, no. 1 (January 18, 2010): 99–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-99-2010.

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Abstract. The Somme River Basin is located above a chalk aquifer and the discharge of the somme River is highly influenced by groundwater inflow (90% of river discharge is baseflow). In 2001, the Somme River Basin suffered from a major flood causing damages estimated to 100 million euro (Deneux and Martin, 2001). The purpose of the present research is to evaluate the ability of four hydrologic models to reproduce flood events in the Somme River Basin over an 18-year period, by comparison with observed river discharge and piezometric level as well as satellite-derived extents of flooded area. The models used differ in their computation of surface water budget and in their representation of saturated and unsaturated zones. One model needed structural modification to be able to accurately simulate the riverflows of the Somme river. The models obtained fair to good simulations of the observed piezometric levels, but they all overestimate the piezometric level after flooding, possibly because of a simplistic representation of deep unsaturated flow. Models differ in their annual partition of the infiltration of water within the root zone (mostly driven by simulated evapotranspiration), but these differences are attenuated by water transfers within the saturated and unsaturated zone. As a consequence, the inter-model dispersion of the computed annual baseflow is reduced. The aquifer overflow areas simulated during flooding compare well with local data and satellite images. The models showed that this overflow occurs almost every year in the same areas (in floodplain), and that the flooding of 2001 was characterized by an increase in the quantity of the overflow and not much by a spreading of the overflow areas. Inconsistencies between river discharge and piezometric levels suggest that further investigation are needed to estimate the relative influence of unsaturated and saturated zones on the hydrodynamics of the Somme River Basin.
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7

Blondiau, Lydie, and Nathalie Buchez. "Les chambres funéraires et les aménagements de surface de Villers-Bocage (Somme) dans leur contexte régional." Revue archéologique de Picardie 3, no. 1 (2009): 157–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/pica.2009.3186.

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Antoine, Pierre, Patrick Auguste, Jean‑Jacques Bahain, and Sophie Louguet. "Datation et reconstitution paléoenvironnementale d’un site paléolithique moyen submergé en Manche est : Ault‑Onival (Somme, France)." Quaternaire, no. 22/3 (September 1, 2011): 221–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/quaternaire.5975.

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Antoine, Pierre, Nicole Limondin-Lozouet, Patrick Auguste, Jean-Luc Locht, Bassam Galheb, Jean-Louis Reyss, Élise Escudé, et al. "Le tuf de Caours (Somme, France) : mise en évidence d'une séquence eemienne et d'un site paléolithique associé." Quaternaire, no. 17/4 (December 1, 2006): 281–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/quaternaire.880.

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Dabkowski, Julie, Pierre Antoine, Nicole Limondin‑Lozouet, Christine Chaussé, and Pierre Carbonel. "Les microfaciès du tuf calcaire Eemien (SIM 5e) de Caours (Somme, France) : éléments d'analyse paléoécologique du dernier interglaciaire." Quaternaire, no. 21/2 (June 1, 2010): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/quaternaire.5499.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Surface somme"

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Tran, Ich tach. "Vérification de la validité du concept de surface somme par une approche statistique du contact élastique entre deux surfaces rugueuses." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ECAP0010/document.

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Les propriétés de surface, particulièrement microgéométriques, jouent un rôle essentiel dans tous les systèmes tribologiques. L’analyse de la répartition des efforts de contact dans l’interface entre surfaces rugueuses est indispensable à la prédiction du frottement, de l'usure, de l'adhérence, des résistances de contact électrique et thermique… De nombreux modèles ont été proposés ces dernières décennies pour prédire les efforts entre aspérités de surfaces rugueuses. Parmi ces modèles, les modèles statistiques sont majoritairement développés en considérant le contact ente une surface rugueuse équivalente, la surface somme - qui tient compte des microgéométries des deux surfaces en contact ainsi que de leur matériau - et un plan lisse. Cependant la validité de cette modélisation n’a pas été clairement démontrée. L’objectif de notre étude a été de développer un modèle statistique de contact entre deux surfaces rugueuses isotropes aléatoires puis de comparer les résultats obtenus pour ces deux surfaces avec ceux obtenus en considérant la surface somme définie classiquement à partir des deux surfaces rugueuses et un plan lisse. Les différences entre les résultats nous ont amenés à proposer une nouvelle modélisation de la surface somme
Surface properties, particularly micro-geometry, play a key role in all tribological systems. The analysis of the distribution of contact forces in the interface between rough surfaces is essential for the prediction of friction, wear, adhesion, electrical and thermal contact resistance... Many models have been proposed during the last decades to predict the forces between asperities of rough surfaces. Among these models, statistical models are mainly based on the contact between an equivalent rough surface, the sum surface - which combines micro-geometry of the two surfaces in contact and their material - and a smooth plane. However, the validity of this model has not been clearly demonstrated. The aim of our study was to develop a statistical model of the contact between two random isotropic rough surfaces and then compare the results with those obtained by considering the classical sum surface. The differences between the results have led us to propose a new definition for the sum surface
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Gascoin, Simon. "Etude des paramétrisations hydrologiques d'un modèle de surface continentale : importance des aquifères et des premiers centimètres du sol." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00399672.

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Les modèles de surface continentale (Land Surface Models, LSM) ont été développés pour calculer les bilans d'eau et d'énergie à la surface des continents dans les modèles de climat, ou modèles de circulation générale. Depuis le simple « bucket » de Manabe (1969), la représentation des processus hydrologiques dans les LSM n'a cessé d'évoluer, si bien que les LSM de dernière génération sont employés comme des modèles hydrologiques à part entière. Le travail effectué au cours de cette thèse vise à évaluer les paramétrisations hydrologiques d'un LSM de ce type, le Catchment LSM (CLSM), qui utilise l'information topographique pour calculer le ruissellement de surface et le flux souterrain, ainsi que la variabilité sous-maille de l'humidité du sol. Pour cela, nous présentons trois applications de CLSM :

– une application au bassin de la Somme (France) qui a permis d'améliorer la prise en compte des écoulements souterrains,
– une application à la moraine du Glacier Zongo (Bolivie) pour analyser la relation entre l'albedo et l'humidité du sol nu,
– une application dans le cadre du projet ALMIP (Afrique de l'Ouest) pour l'intercomparaison régionale de LSM.

La diversité de ces contextes jette un éclairage varié sur les forces et les faiblesses de CLSM, et offre la possibilité de mieux appréhender les interactions complexes qui gouvernent les échanges d'eau et d'énergie à la surface des continents. On montre l'importance de considérer l'intégralité du domaine souterrain, depuis les premiers centimètres du sol jusqu'aux aquifères.
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Dalstein, Laetitia. "Etude par spectroscopie optique non linéaire du couplage entre plasmon de surface de nanoparticules métalliques et excitation vibrationnelle de molécules adsorbées à leur surface." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS222/document.

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Les propriétés optiques des nanoparticules métalliques, caractérisées par l'existence d'une résonance plasmon de surface (SPR) dans le domaine visible, sont aujourd'hui couramment utilisées afin de détecter et de caractériser des espèces chimiques, en solution ou déposées sur des substrats (dans les capteurs par exemple). Dans ce travail, j'ai optimisé la réalisation puis la caractérisation physico-chimique et optique d'interfaces composées de nanoparticules d'or d'environ 15 nm de diamètre sur des substrats de silicium et de verre fonctionnalisés par des silanes, à l'aide de méthodes d'optique linéaire et non linéaire. La spectroscopie UV-visible en réflexion et transmission, couplée aux microscopies électronique et à force atomique, et aidée par la modélisation, m'a permis de corréler les propriétés optiques des particules à leur densité locale sur la surface. La spectroscopie optique non linéaire par génération de fréquence somme (SFG) permet de sonder la chimie de surface des particules et du substrat ainsi que de tirer parti de l'amplification locale des processus optiques par excitation de la SPR. Après avoir montré qu'elle amplifie effectivement des signaux SFG moléculaires peu intenses de la couche de silanes, j'ai révélé la présence dans la couche organique de greffage de groupements méthyles résultant d'une réaction de silanisation incomplète, démontré le lien entre la stabilité temporelle chimique et plasmonique des interfaces et l'irradiation laser, caractérisé finement la qualité de fonctionnalisation des particules par des thiols et montré la relation de proportionnalité entre réponses optiques linéaire et non linéaire en surface. Finalement, j'ai étudié directement le processus d'amplification de la SFG par le couplage à la SPR en réalisant une spectroscopie à deux dimensions infrarouge et visible. J'ai montré que ce couplage est mesurable même sur de petites particules déposées, et qu'il se produit dans la zone spectrale d'existence du plasmon de surface (du vert au rouge). La comparaison avec une surface plane de platine et d'or m'a permis d'extraire de façon fine des facteurs d'amplification, qui correspondent à ce que prédit une modélisation simple de la plasmonique en jeu dans ces interfaces
Optical properties of metallic nanoparticles, exhibiting a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) in the visible range, are nowadays extensively used to detect and characterize chemical entities, either in solution or deposited on substrates (e.g. sensors). In this work, I have optimized the creation of interfaces composed of 15nm in diameter gold nanoparticles on silicon and glass substrates after functionnalization by silanes, and their chemical and optical characterization by linear and nonlinear optical methods. I have used UV-visible spectroscopy in reflexion and transmission geometries, coupled to electronic and atomic force microscopies, with the help of optical simulations, to correlate the optical properties of the particles to their local density at the surface. Nonlinear sum frequency generation spectroscopy is able to probe the surface chemistry of both the particles and the substrate, through a local amplification of optical processes due to the excitation of the SPR. After showing that the latter does indeed amplify the low intensity molecular SFG signals from the silane layer, I have revealed the presence, in the organic layer, of unreacted methyl groups arising from an incomplete silanization, evidenced the link between plasmonic and chemical stability in time and laser irradiation, finely assessed the quality of surface functionnalization of the particles by thiols, and established the linear relationship between linear and nonlinear optical responses at the surface. Finally, I have directly studied the amplification process itself by coupling to the SPR through two dimension spectroscopic studies in the visible and infrared ranges. I have shown that the coupling is indeed measurable, even on small deposited particles, and that it happens in the spectral zone where the surface plasmon exists (from green to red). A comparison to flat platinum and gold surfaces leads to a fine estimation of amplification factors, which correspond to the predictions of a simple model for the plasmonic processes at stake at such interfaces
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Chauvet, Nicolas. "De la génération de somme de fréquence à la fluorescence paramétrique dans des nanostructures plasmoniques hybrides." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAY011/document.

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L'optique non-linéaire étudie des phénomènes capables de modifier la fréquence de la lumière incidente en s'appuyant sur la symétrie intrinsèque de certains matériaux. Le défi actuel de la miniaturisation des composants va de paire avec une perte d'efficacité à l'échelle sub-micrométrique. Pour résoudre ce problème, l'idée explorée au cours de cette thèse consiste à utiliser un phénomène d'oscillation collective des électrons libres d'une nanostructure en métal, appelé résonance plasmon de surface localisé. Cet effet est associé à une exaltation du champ au voisinage immédiat d'une structure plasmonique, une propriété adaptée pour augmenter l'efficacité non-linéaire d'un matériau placé non loin. Les objectifs principaux de ma thèse consistaient à fabriquer ces objets hybrides, à développer une plate-forme expérimentale polyvalente capable de réaliser différents types d'observation à l'échelle de la particule unique, puis à analyser leur génération de second harmonique (SHG). Ces travaux ont abouti à l'obtention de structures hybrides non-linéaires efficaces, dont l'intensité SHG atteint jusqu'à 100 fois celle d'une antenne plasmonique isolée et jusqu'à plus de 1000 fois celle d'un nanocristal non-linéaire unique, confirmant l'intérêt de ces structures. Nous avons aussi tenté d'observer de la fluorescence paramétrique (SPDC) dans une nanostructure individuelle, une prouesse encore inachevée dans le monde; si nos études n'ont pas davantage abouti, elles esquissent des pistes d'amélioration pour y parvenir, et un modèle numérique innovant développé dans l'équipe annonce un rendement compatible avec des observations. Enfin, une source de photons intriqués a été développée dans le cadre d'une collaboration sur l'intelligence artificielle dans des systèmes physiques et constitue une perspective envisageable d'application pour les travaux précédents. Ces résultats ouvrent potentiellement la voie à l'amélioration de l'éfficacité et de la fiabilité des algorithmes IA actuels
Nonlinear optics study phenomena able to modify the frequency of incoming light by using intrinsic symmetry properties of some materials. The current challenge of component miniaturization goes with an efficiency drop at the sub-micrometer scale. To solve this issue, the idea we have explored during my PhD consists in using a collective oscillation phenomenon from free electrons in a metal structure called localized surface plasmon resonance. This effect is indeed linked to an enhancement of the electromagnetic field near a plasmonic structure, a property well suited to increase the nonlinear efficiency of a material placed beside. The main objectives of my PhD consisted in fabricating these hybrid objects, developing a versatile experimental platform able to make different kinds of observations at the single particle level, and finally analyzing their second harmonic generation (SHG). This work has managed to produce efficient nonlinear hybrid structures, whose SHG intensity is up to 100 times that of an isolated plasmonic antenna and up to 1000 times that of a single nonlinear nanocrystal, confirming the potential of this type of structures. We have also tried to detect spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) in a single nanostructure, a never-achieved feat that has yet to be done; although our study wasn't successful, it gives hints to improve experiments, even more since a cutting edge numerical model developed in our team has predicted intensities compatible with observations. Finally, an entangled photon source has been developed in the framework of a collaboration on artificial intelligence in physical systems and is a reachable perspective for potential applications of our work. These results pave the way to improving efficiency and liability of current AI algorithms
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Fernandes, Gomes Janaina. "Etude de l'adsorption et électro-oxydation de l'éthanol sur électrodes de platine par spectroscopie de génération de la fréquence somme." Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112222.

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L'application de l’éthanol comme combustible pour les piles à combustible directes d’alcool continue à motiver la recherche sur les mécanismes de l’électro-oxydation de l’éthanol. Dans ce travail, l’interface éthanol-platine en milieu acide est étudiée par la spectroscopie SFG infrarouge–visible afin de documenter les intermédiaires de l’électro-oxydation de l’éthanol. De nouvelles évidences sur les intermédiaires adsorbés de l’oxydation de l’éthanol sur le platine, jamais observés auparavant avec la spectroscopie infrarouge, sont rapportées. Nos résultats montrent qu’un dérivé de l’éthanol secondaire, précédemment suggéré, mais jamais documenté précédemment, et des espèces acétate mono et bidentée, eta2-acetaldehyde, acétyle et un dérivé d’acide acétique moléculaire sont les intermédiaires actifs de l’oxydation de l’éthanol en milieu acide. De plus, nous rapportons de nouvelles évidences pour la présence d’un intermédiaire d’ethoxy. Les résultats obtenus confirment également la présence des intermédiaires précédemment observées de l’oxydation de l’éthanol: CO adsorbé et un dérivé d’éthanol tertiaire. D’autre part, nous avons exploité les effets de la structure atomique de l’électrode, de la concentration de l’alcool et du potentiel de l’électrode sur le mécanisme de l’adsorption et de l’électro-oxydation de l’éthanol sur le platine. Ces effets sont analysés par les spectres vibrationnels des intermédiaires adsorbés. La comparaison avec l’adsorption d’autres réactifs simples (méthanol, acétaldéhyde, acide acétique) en milieu acide indique que, même à bas potentiel, la surface de platine est très réactive, produisant des intermédiaires semblables pour tous les réactifs
The possible application of ethanol as a fuel for direct alcohol fuel cells continues to motivate research on the mechanisms of electro-oxidation of ethanol. In this work, the ethanol-platinum interface in acidic medium is investigated using infrared-visible SFG spectroscopy in order to document the intermediates present during the electro-oxidation of ethanol. New evidences of adsorbed intermediates of ethanol oxidation on platinum, never before observed with conventional IR spectroscopy, are reported. Our results show that a secondary ethanol derivative, previously suggested, but never before unambiguously documented, and mono and bidentate acetate, eta2-acetaldehyde, acetyl and a molecular acetic acid derivative are active intermediates of ethanol oxidation in acidic medium. In addition, we report new evidences for the presence of an ethoxy intermediate. The results obtained here also confirm the presence of previously observed ethanol oxidation intermediates: adsorbed CO and a tertiary ethanol derivative. Moreover, we explored the effects of the atomic surface structure of the electrode, alcohol concentration and electrode potential on the mechanism of the adsorption and electro-oxidation of ethanol on platinum. These effects are analyzed through the vibrational spectra of interfacial adsorbed intermediates. Comparison with the adsorption of other simple reactants (methanol, acetaldehyde and acetic acid) in acid medium indicate that even at low potential the platinum surface is highly reactive, producing similar intermediates for all reactants
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Jouve, Florent. "Sommes exponentielles, crible, et variétés sur les corps finis." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13531.

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Dans la première partie de cette thèse, on s'attache à donner une interprétation géométrique pour certaines sommes de caractères sur un corps fini. On donne deux exemples dans lesquels on montre que la valeur du moment d'ordre trois de telles sommes est explicitement reliée au nombre de points à coordonnées dans le corps de base d'une surface algébrique définie sur ce corps. Les propriétés géométriques des surfaces obtenues permettent de déduire des formules explicites donnant la valeur des sommes étudiées. La seconde partie traîte d'applications du grand crible dans le cadre proposé récemment par E. Kowalski. La généralité avec laquelle cette méthode est présentée permet l'attaque de problèmes arithmétiques de différentes natures. On s'intéresse notamment à la probabilité avec laquelle une marche aléatoire sur une classe à gauche d'un groupe arithmétique modulo un sous-groupe donné conduit, après un grand nombre de pas, à une matrice vérifiant certaines propriétés typiques. On s'intéresse également au problème plus géométrique de l'irréductibilité en moyenne de la fonction L d'une courbe elliptique sur un corps de fonctions sur un corps fini, lorsque cette courbe varie à l'intérieur d'une certaine famille algébrique
In the first part of this Thesis, we give a geometric interpretation for a certain type of character sums over finite fields. We work out two examples in which we show that the third moment of such sums is explicitely related to the number of rational points on an algebraic surface over the base field. The geometric properties of the surfaces arising enable us to obtain explicit formulae for the sums studied. The second part deals with applications of large sieve tehniques as recently formulated by E. Kowalski. Thanks to the great generality in which that method is written, we can investigate different kinds of arithmetical problems. As a first application, we are interested in the probability with which a random walk on a left coset of an arithmetic group modulo a fixed subgroup leads, after sufficiently many steps, to a matrix satisfying typical properties. Then we study the more geometric problem of the generic irreducibility of the L function of an elliptic curve over a function field over a finite field when the curve varies among an algebraic family
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Le, Boudec Pierre. "Répartition des points rationnels sur certaines surfaces de del Pezzo." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077138.

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Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à des problèmes de comptage de points rationnels sur certaines variétés algébriques. Une conjecture de Manin prévoit avec précision le comportement asymptotique du nombre de points rationnels de hauteur bornée sur les variétés de Fano. Notre but principal est de prouver la conjecture de Manin pour certains exemples de surfaces de del Pezzo définies sur Q. Pour cela, nous avons recours à des torseurs universels pour paramétrer les points rationnels et nous utilisons ensuite divers résultats de théorie analytique des nombres, tels que par exemple l'équidistribution des valeurs de certaines fonctions diviseur dans les progressions arithmétiques. Tout d'abord, nous traitons dans une première partie les cas de trois surfaces de del Pezzo de degré quatre, dont les types de singularité sont respectivement 3A1, A1+A2 et A3. Ensuite, nous traitons dans une seconde partie les cas de deux surfaces cubiques, dont les types de singularité sont respectivement 2A2+A1 et D4. Cette première est seulement le troisième exemple de surface cubique non-torique pour laquelle la conjecture de Manin est prouvée. Notons par ailleurs que le travail concernant cette dernière améliore un résultat de Browning et répond à un problème initialement posé par Tschinkel. Enfin, dans une annexe, comme autre application des résultats d'équidistribution mentionnés ci-dessus, nous établissons une formule asymptotique pour le nombre de valeurs sans puissance k ème du polynôme en r variables t1⋯tr−1
In this thesis, we are interested in counting rational points on certain algebraic varieties. A conjecture of Manin predicts precisely the asymptotic behaviour of the number of rational points of bounded height on Fano varieties. Our main goal is to prove Manin's conjecture for some examples of del Pezzo surfaces defined over Q. For this, we resort to universal torsors to parametrize the rational points and then we make use of various analytic number theory results, such as for instance the equidistribution of the values of certain divisor functions in arithmetic progressions. To begin with, we deal in a first part with the cases of three quartic del Pezzo surfaces, whose singularity types are respectively 3A1, A1+A2 and A3. Afterwards, we deal in a second part with the cases of two cubic surfaces, whose singularity types are respectively 2A2+A1 and D4. The former is only the third example of non-toric cubic surface for which Manin's conjecture is proved. Note in addition that the work about the latter improves on a result of Browning and answers a problem initially posed by Tschinkel. Finally, in an appendix, as another application of the equidistribution results mentioned above, we establish an asymptotic formula for the number of power-free values of the r variables polynomial t1⋯tr−1
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Ong, Wen Eng. "Some Basis Function Methods for Surface Approximation." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mathematics and Statistics, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7776.

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This thesis considers issues in surface reconstruction such as identifying approximation methods that work well for certain applications and developing efficient methods to compute and manipulate these approximations. The first part of the thesis illustrates a new fast evaluation scheme to efficiently calculate thin-plate splines in two dimensions. In the fast multipole method scheme, exponential expansions/approximations are used as an intermediate step in converting far field series to local polynomial approximations. The contributions here are extending the scheme to the thin-plate spline and a new error analysis. The error analysis covers the practically important case where truncated series are used throughout, and through off line computation of error constants gives sharp error bounds. In the second part of this thesis, we investigates fitting a surface to an object using blobby models as a coarse level approximation. The aim is to achieve a given quality of approximation with relatively few parameters. This process involves an optimization procedure where a number of blobs (ellipses or ellipsoids) are separately fitted to a cloud of points. Then the optimized blobs are combined to yield an implicit surface approximating the cloud of points. The results for our test cases in 2 and 3 dimensions are very encouraging. For many applications, the coarse level blobby model itself will be sufficient. For example adding texture on top of the blobby surface can give a surprisingly realistic image. The last part of the thesis describes a method to reconstruct surfaces with known discontinuities. We fit a surface to the data points by performing a scattered data interpolation using compactly supported RBFs with respect to a geodesic distance. Techniques from computational geometry such as the visibility graph are used to compute the shortest Euclidean distance between two points, avoiding any obstacles. Results have shown that discontinuities on the surface were clearly reconstructed, and the
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Hopkins, Ian. "Surface composition profiles in some polymer mixtures." Thesis, Durham University, 1994. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5518/.

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The surface composition of selected polymer mixtures has been studied to a depth of circa 4000Å with a resolution of up to l0Å using neutron reflectometry (NR) and nuclear reaction analysis (NRA). The effective interaction parameters, X, of several blends have been measured as a function of both composition and temperature, using Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) and the incompressible random phase approximation, in order to understand the surface segregation behaviour of the polymer blends. No surface segregation was observed in annealed blends of syndiotactic poly (methyl methacrylate) (h-PMMA) with perdeuterated poly (methyl methylacrylate) (d-PMMA), where the h-PMMA was the majority component with a high molecular weight and the d-PMMA had lower molecular weights. Values of X for these blends showed a chain length disparity effect, higher disparity led to a small negative X. Increases in X were observed at low volume fractions of d-PMMA. Surface segregation of perdeuterated poly (ethylene oxide) (d-PEO) to the polymer - silicon oxide interface of an annealed d-PEO/h-PMMA blend was observed, where the bulk volume fraction of the d-PEO was <0.30. The surface composition profile could not be described by current theory. Measured X values were small and negative and there was a change in X on changing the locus of deuteration from PEO to PMMA in a PEO/PMMA blend. These blends exhibited a decrease in X at low volume fractions of PEO. Polymer brushes were found at the air - polymer interface of a blend of low molecular weight polystyrene (h- PS) with perdeuterated polystyrene with a single perfluorohexane end group (d-PS(F)) or two perfluorohexane end groups (d-PS(F2)). These results were in good agreement with a self consistent field theory. Similar blends of high molecular h-PS / d-PS(F) showed enhanced surface segregation, compared to blends with no perfluorohexane end groups. NR data showed that the surface of a blend of polystyrene with perdeuterated dibutyl phthalate (d-DBP) (a model additive) was enriched with d-DBP over a 30Ålength scale. The loss of d-DBP from a thin film (~ 8OO Å thick) was observed using NR and attenuated total reflection (ATR) infra red spectroscopy.
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Bleloch, Andrew Luke. "Some aspects of surface imaging in STEM." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.238161.

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Books on the topic "Surface somme"

1

Onsgaard, Jens. Some metal-and semiconductor surfaces studied by surface sensitive spectroscopies. Denmark: Fysisk Institut, Odense Universitet, 1988.

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Moore, H. J. Estimates of some physical/mechanical properties of Martian rocks and soillike materials. [Menlo Park, CA]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1991.

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Roe, P. G. Surface texture depth measurements on some British roads. Crowthorne, Berks: Transport and Road Research Laboratory, Highways Group, Pavement Materials and Construction Division, 1988.

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Bruce, Hunt. The geometry of some special arithmetic quotients. Berlin: Springer, 1996.

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Schmitt, H. Discussion on the paper "Some aspects of propulsion for the augmenter-wing concept (NASA-CR-125540, by D.C. Whittley)". Washington D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1985.

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Valli, Mats. On the sorption of some soft ligands on sulphide mineral surfaces. Uppsala: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Dept. of Chemistry, Group of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, 1994.

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Made, J. W. van der. Analysis of some criteria for design and operation of surface water gauging networks. Assen: Van Gorcum, 1987.

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Valli, Giorgio. Some aspects of the theory of harmonic gauges over Riemann surfaces. [s.l.]: typescript, 1988.

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Bull, C. R. Positron studies of the Fermi surfaces of some transition metals and alloys. Norwich: University of East Anglia, 1987.

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Jackson, M. R. Some effects of machine characteristics on the surface quality of planed and spindle moulded wooden products. Leicester: The Polytechnic, School of Mechanical and Production Engineering, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Surface somme"

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Thiéry, Dominique. "Interaction between Surface and Subsurface Flows: Somme Basin." In Practical Applications in Engineering, 141–56. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118557792.ch13.

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Bockris, John O’M, and Shahed U. M. Khan. "Some Experimental Techniques." In Surface Electrochemistry, 1–58. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3040-4_1.

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Kuba, P., and V. Sedláček. "Some Theoretical Problems of Shot Peening." In Surface Engineering, 393–403. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0773-7_41.

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Bockris, John O’M, and Shahed U. M. Khan. "Some Electrochemical Aspects of the Stability of Materials." In Surface Electrochemistry, 745–859. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3040-4_8.

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Keller, C. U. "Some Aspects of Polarimetry with LEST." In Solar Surface Magnetism, 37–42. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1188-1_3.

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Ichiye, T., James R. Mcgrath, and Matthew Howard. "Some Dynamic Features of Langmuir Circulation." In The Ocean Surface, 479–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7717-5_66.

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Tognoli, A. "Some Remarks about the “Nullstellensatz”." In Algebraic Surfaces, 285–304. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11087-0_7.

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Yadav, Mahesh Kumar, Praveen Somwanshi, Sameer Khandekar, Sanghamitro Chatterjee, Mohit Gonga, K. Muralidhar, and Sudeep Bhattacharjee. "Surface Preparation: Some Techniques." In Mechanical Engineering Series, 331–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48461-3_12.

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Solanki, S. K., and C. A. P. Montavon. "Some Consequences of an Uncombed and Inhomogeneous Penumbra." In Solar Surface Magnetism, 239–48. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1188-1_21.

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Stenzel, Olaf. "Some Basic Effects of." In Springer Series in Surface Sciences, 303–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21602-7_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Surface somme"

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Fajfar, P., P. Panjan, G. Kugler, and M. Terčelj. "Some reasons for decreased service time of dies for Al hot extrusion." In CONTACT AND SURFACE 2013. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/secm130161.

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Nelson, P. M. "Some Aspects of Motorcycle Noise and Annoyance." In SAE Surface Vehicle Noise and Vibration Conference. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/850982.

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Hensler, J. "Some Systems Integration Questions of Thecanadian A.O.R. Re-Engining Project." In Warship 90 - The Future for Surface Warships. RINA, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.warship.1990.8.

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Fouracre, R. A., S. J. MacGregor, and F. Teuma. "Some properties of surface discharges." In IEE Colloquium on Atmospheric Discharges for Chemical Synthesis. IEE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19980257.

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Xia, Jianghai, Lingli Gao, and Yudi Pan. "Some new findings in high-frequency surface-wave methods." In Near-Surface Asia Pacific Conference, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-10 July 2015. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Australian Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Chinese Geophysical Society, Korean Society of Earth and Exploration Geophysicists, and Society of Exploration Geophysicists of Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/nsapc2015-066.

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Shevnin, V. A., J. L. Sanchez, and A. Sanchez. "Investigation of Some Case of Oil Contamination in Mexico." In Near Surface Geoscience 2016 - 22nd European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201602055.

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Whitehouse, David J. "Some topics in surface and nanometrology." In Optical Metrology, edited by Wolfgang Osten, Malgorzata Kujawinska, and Katherine Creath. SPIE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.508362.

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O‘Neill, A., T. Matsuoka, and K. Tsukada. "Some Pitfalls Associated with Dominant Higher-Mode Surface-Wave Inversion." In Near Surface 2004 - 10th EAGE European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.10.b028.

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Munday, T. J., A. Fitzpatrick, A. Viezzoli, E. Auken, V. Berens, and K. Cahill. "Some Observations on Imaging Inter-aquifer Leakage Using Airborne EM Technologies." In Near Surface 2009 - 15th EAGE European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20147015.

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Dirican, Esma, and Yasar Sozen. "Reidemeister torsion of some surfaces." In ADVANCEMENTS IN MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES: Proceedings of the International Conference on Advancements in Mathematical Sciences. AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4930432.

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Reports on the topic "Surface somme"

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Slattery, Kevin. Unsettled Topics on Surface Finishing of Metallic Powder Bed Fusion Parts in the Mobility Industry. SAE International, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/epr2021001.

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Laser and electron-beam powder bed fusion (PBF) additive manufacturing (AM) technology has transitioned from prototypes and tooling to production components in demanding fields such as medicine and aerospace. Some of these components have geometries that can only be made using AM. Initial applications either take advantage of the relatively high surface roughness of metal PBF parts, or they are in fatigue, corrosion, or flow environments where surface roughness does not impose performance penalties. To move to the next levels of performance, the surfaces of laser and electron-beam PBF components will need to be smoother than the current as-printed surfaces. This will also have to be achieve on increasingly more complex geometries without significantly increasing the cost of the final component. Unsettled Topics on Surface Finishing of Metallic Powder Bed Fusion Parts in the Mobility Industry addresses the challenges and opportunities of this technology, and what remains to be agreed upon by the industry.
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Crosier, Ronald B. Some New Three-Level Response Surface Designs. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada243964.

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Hadzhilazova, Mariana. Membrane Approach to Balloons and Some Related Surfaces. GIQ, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/giq-7-2006-176-186.

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Lovell, Alexis, Garrett Hoch, Christopher Donnelly, Jordan Hodge, Robert Haehnel, and Emily Asenath-Smith. Shear and tensile delamination of ice from surfaces : The Ice Adhesion Peel Test (IAPT). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41781.

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For decades, researchers have sought to understand the adhesion of ice to surfaces so that low-cost ice mitigation strategies can be developed. Presently, the field of ice adhesion is still without formal standards for performing ice adhesion tests. The U.S. Army Corps Engineers’ Research and Development Center’s Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (ERDC-CRREL) has a longstanding history as an independent third party for ice adhesion testing services. Most notably, CRREL’s Zero-Degree Cone Test (ZDCT) has been an industry favorite for more than 30 years. Despite its wide acceptance, the ZDCT contains some shortcomings, namely that freshwater ice is formed on the surface of interest within the confines of an annular gap. To address this limitation, CRREL developed and uses the Ice Adhesion Peel Test (IAPT) for testing ice adhesion. This test employs an open planar substrate from which the ice can be removed under either tensile or shear loading, thereby allowing ice to be grown directly on the target substrate without the use of molds. The IAPT configuration is therefore amenable to different ice types and geometries and will provide utility to research studies that aim to develop surface treatments to mitigate ice in a wide range of environments. This report describes the IAPT and its use for characterizing the ice adhesion properties of materials.
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Gürses, Metin. Sigma Models, Minimal Surfaces and Some Ricci Flat Pseudo-Riemannian Geometries. GIQ, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/giq-2-2001-171-180.

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Gurtin, Morton E., and H. M. Soner. Some Remarks on the Stefan Problem with Surface Structure. Stability and Thermal Influences in Nonlinear Continuum Mechanics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada244289.

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Beck, Aaron. RiverOceanPlastic: Land-ocean transfer of plastic debris in the North Atlantic, Cruise No. AL534/2, 05 March – 26 March 2020, Malaga (Spain) – Kiel (Germany). GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/cr_al534-2.

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Cruise AL534/2 is part of a multi-disciplinary research initiative as part of the JPI Oceans project HOTMIC and sought to investigate the origin, transport and fate of plastic debris from estuaries to the oceanic garbage patches. The main focus of the cruise was on the horizontal transfer of plastic debris from major European rivers into shelf regions and on the processes that mediate this transport. Stations were originally chosen to target the outflows of major European rivers along the western Europe coast between Malaga (Spain) and Kiel (Germany), although some modifications were made in response to inclement weather. In total, 16 stations were sampled along the cruise track. The sampling scheme was similar for most stations, and included: 1) a CTD cast to collect water column salinity and temperature profiles, and discrete samples between surface and seafloor, 2) sediment sampling with Van Veen grab and mini-multi corer (mini-MUC), 3) suspended particle and plankton sampling using a towed Bongo net and vertical WP3 net, and 4) surface neusten sampling using a catamaran trawl. At a subset of stations with deep water, suspended particles were collected using in situ pumps deployed on a cable. During transit between stations, surface water samples were collected from the ship’s underway seawater supply, and during calm weather, floating litter was counted by visual survey teams. The samples and data collected on cruise AL534/2 will be used to determine the: (1) abundance of plastic debris in surface waters, as well as the composition of polymer types, originating in major European estuaries and transported through coastal waters, (2) abundance and composition of microplastics (MP) in the water column at different depths from the sea surface to the seafloor including the sediment, (3) abundance and composition of plastic debris in pelagic and benthic organisms (invertebrates), (4) abundance and identity of biofoulers (bacteria, protozoans and metazoans) on the surface of plastic debris from different water depths, (5) identification of chemical compounds (“additives”) in the plastic debris and in water samples.
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Dixon, J. Permian and some Carboniferous sectins in the surface and subsurface of northern Yukon and adjacent NWT, and Mackenzie Delta. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/208323.

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Noshkin, V. E. Sediment studies at Bikini Atoll part 3. Inventories of some long-lived gamma-emitting radionuclides associated with lagoon surface sediments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/16634.

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Plueddemann, Albert, Benjamin Pietro, and Emerson Hasbrouck. The Northwest Tropical Atlantic Station (NTAS): NTAS-19 Mooring Turnaround Cruise Report Cruise On Board RV Ronald H. Brown October 14 - November 1, 2020. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1575/1912/27012.

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The Northwest Tropical Atlantic Station (NTAS) was established to address the need for accurate air-sea flux estimates and upper ocean measurements in a region with strong sea surface temperature anomalies and the likelihood of significant local air–sea interaction on interannual to decadal timescales. The approach is to maintain a surface mooring outfitted for meteorological and oceanographic measurements at a site near 15°N, 51°W by successive mooring turnarounds. These observations will be used to investigate air–sea interaction processes related to climate variability. This report documents recovery of the NTAS-18 mooring and deployment of the NTAS-19 mooring at the same site. Both moorings used Surlyn foam buoys as the surface element. These buoys were outfitted with two Air–Sea Interaction Meteorology (ASIMET) systems. Each system measures, records, and transmits via Argos satellite the surface meteorological variables necessary to compute air–sea fluxes of heat, moisture and momentum. The upper 160 m of the mooring line were outfitted with oceanographic sensors for the measurement of temperature, salinity and velocity. Deep ocean temperature and salinity are measured at approximately 38 m above the bottom. The mooring turnaround was done on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Ship Ronald H. Brown, Cruise RB-20-06, by the Upper Ocean Processes Group of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. The cruise took place between 14 October and 1 November 2020. The NTAS-19 mooring was deployed on 22 October, with an anchor position of about 14° 49.48° N, 51° 00.96° W in 4985 m of water. A 31-hour intercomparison period followed, during which satellite telemetry data from the NTAS-19 buoy and the ship’s meteorological sensors were monitored. The NTAS-18 buoy, which had gone adrift on 28 April 2020, was recovered on 20 October near 13° 41.96° N, 58° 38.67° W. This report describes these operations, as well as other work done on the cruise and some of the pre-cruise buoy preparations.
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