Journal articles: 'Surface treatments; Aluminium alloys'

1

Ardelean, M., S. Lascău, E. Ardelean, and A. Josan. "Surface treatments for aluminium alloys." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 294 (January 2018): 012042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/294/1/012042.

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Edigarov, V. R. "Surface Friction-Electric Treatment of Aluminum Alloys." Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building, no. 10 (727) (November 2020): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2020-10-47-53.

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This paper examines a combined friction-electric treatment of surface layers of machine parts made of aluminums alloys. The temperature released during the friction process is the main technological factor of the treatment, and the heat released during the passage of electric current through the local volume of friction-thermal action is an additional heat source. The paper presents the results of studying a surface modification method involving friction-electric treatment of aluminium alloys with reinforcement by aluminium oxide particles under varied technological conditions: density of electric current, pressing force of the tool, shape of the tool working zone and speed of treatment. A hard alloy tool with high temperature resistance was used as a tool for friction-electric treatment. The tool was installed in a mandrel of a special design allowing supply of a modifier representing a mixture of aluminum oxide particles with a surfactant to the treatment zone. Using the friction-electric treatment of the surface layer of samples with reinforcement by aluminum oxide particles it was possible to increase the surface hardness by about 30–40 % and thickness of the hardened layer by 3–5 times due to the local deformation and passage of electric current through the treatment zone, and to improve wear resistance of the surface layer.

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Wada, Tadahiro, and Junsuke Fujiwara. "Surface Modification of Aluminium Alloys." Materials Science Forum 519-521 (July 2006): 765–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.519-521.765.

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One of the surface modification methods is proposed in this report to improve the wear resistance of light metal such as aluminum alloys. At first alumite layer is formed on the surface of aluminum alloy JIS A6061 which was used as the substrate with anodic oxidation treatment method. Then thin layer of CrN is coated with sputtering method, and diamond like carbon (DLC) layer is finally coated with ion plating method. The influence of the thickness of the alumite layer on wear-resistance is experimentally investigated. The critical load of the coated aluminum alloy in scratch test is measured with the surface property tester, and the wear amount of the coated aluminum alloy is measured with the SUGA abrasion tester. The main results obtained are as follows: (1) The critical load of coated aluminum alloy with the alumite layer in the scratch test is higher than that without the alumite layer. (2) The wear amount of the coated aluminum alloy increased with the increase of the thickness of the alumite layer. (3) This combined surface treatment method can become new surface modification method because this method provided excellent adhesive strength and good wear-resistance.

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Carangelo, Anna, Annalisa Acquesta, Francesco Bravaccino, Ciro Sinagra, and Tullio Monetta. "Effect of Fluoride Addition in Sulfuric Acid-Based Desmutting Solution for Aluminium Alloy AA8006." Key Engineering Materials 813 (July 2019): 285–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.813.285.

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Aluminium alloys are covered spontaneously by a natural oxide layer, well adherent to the surface. For improving the material’s anticorrosion performance surface pre-treatments are needed in order to remove the superficial oxide and to prepare the alloy surface to subsequent treatments. The pre-treatment process involves several steps, including desmutting. The last requires the immersion of the part in an appropriate solution, typically composed of several chemicals, able to remove the oxide layer. In this work, the effect of the fluorides addition into a sulfuric acid-based solution, when used in a desmutting industrial process, was evaluated. Potentiodynamic curves, glow discharge optical emission spectrometry and contact angle techniques were used to characterize the surface of the aluminium alloy AA8006 after desmutting.

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Spadaro, Chiara, Carmelo Sunseri, and Clelia Dispenza. "Laser surface treatments for adhesion improvement of aluminium alloys structural joints." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 76, no. 8-9 (August 2007): 1441–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2007.02.047.

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Daswa, Pfarelo, Heinrich Möller, Madeleine du Toit, and Gonasagren Govender. "The Solution Heat Treatment of Rheo-High Pressure Die Cast Al-Mg-Si-(Cu) 6xxx Series Alloys." Solid State Phenomena 217-218 (September 2014): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.217-218.259.

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The 6xxx series alloys are well known for desirable combinations of high strength, weldability, corrosion resistance and formability. This paper investigates the influence of chemical composition on the solution heat treatment parameters of rheo-high pressure die cast (R-HPDC) 6xxx series aluminium alloys. The presence of copper in the 6xxx series aluminium alloys affects the solution heat treatment by promoting incipient melting. The incidence of incipient melting is investigated for the R-HPDC alloys using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and optical microscopy. R-HPDC is known to produce surface liquid segregation and centre-line liquid segregation when processing the alloys and these areas are the most susceptible to incipient melting. The applicability of single and multiple step solution heat treatments are investigated. The alloys used for this study include the Cu-free alloy 6082, as well as the Cu-containing alloys 6013 and 6111.

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Labisz, Krzysztof, and Tomasz Tański. "Laser Surface Treatment of Cast Aluminium-Silicon Alloys." Solid State Phenomena 275 (June 2018): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.275.30.

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The reason of performing the investigations carried out in this work was to investigate the microstructure of the laser treated Al-Si-Cu cast aluminium alloy with the ceramic powder particles using High Power Diode Laser (HPDL) for remelting, and/or alloying. First of all the feeding and distribution of the powder in the surface layer of the alloyed and remelted AlSi7Cu material. Very important issue is the determination of the laser treatment parameters, especially the powder feeding rate, laser power, and scan rate to achieve an enhancement of the layer hardness for ensuring this cast aluminium alloy from losing their working properties and to achieve the tool surface is more resistant to wear. The purpose of this work was also to determine technological and technical conditions comparison for the Al2O3 and SiC ceramic powder alloyed into the surface layer with High Power Diode Laser. There are presented also the investigation results about the determination of proper technical condition during the laser treatment, especially the laser head distance and shielding gas influence. The presented results concerns first of all the structure investigation of the obtained surface layer allowing it to achieve an enhanced hardness and wear resistance more resistant for work, special attention was devoted to monitoring of the layer morphology of the investigated material and on the particle occurred. Light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the microstructure of the obtained surface zones - the remelted zone (RZ) and heat affected zone (HAZ), the ceramic powder distribution and intermetallic phases occurred. A wide range of laser power values was applied and implicated with different laser scan rates. The powders in form of ceramic powders used for alloying were chosen with the particle size of ca. 60μm. This study was conducted to investigate the influence carbide and oxide powder addition on structure and mechanical properties as well the and structure changes occurred during the rapid solidification process. The investigation ensures to use laser treatment for alloying/feeding of ceramic powder particles into the surface of light alloys. The scientific reason of this work is the applying of High Power Diode Laser (HPDL) for improvement of aluminium`s mechanical properties, especially the surface hardness. As the main findings was determined that the obtained surface layer is homogeny without cracks and has a comparably higher hardness value compared to non-treated material. The surface hardness increases together with the applied laser power, the highest power applied gives the highest hardness value for the surface. Also the distribution of the ceramic particles is proper, but there a need for further modelling, because the hardness increases in general according to the laser power used so that the highest power applied gives to highest hardness value in the remelted layer, but for other powder amount or alloy the values should be determined separately, and more data would be necessary to create a model for the technique appliance. The practical purpose of this work is to analysis the impact and application possibility of HPDL laser surface treatment on the cast Al-Si-Cu alloys to deliver application possibilities for diverse branches of industry.

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Forn, Antonio, Josep A. Picas, Maite T. Baile, Sergi Menargues, and V. G. García. "Anodic Oxide Layer Formation on A357 Aluminium Alloy Produced by Thixocasting." Solid State Phenomena 116-117 (October 2006): 80–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.116-117.80.

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Anodizing is widely used in the surface treatment of aluminium alloys in order to preserve the integrity of the alloy surface, to minimize the need for maintenance and repair, and to maximize the component life. The aim of this work is to study the influence heat treatments (T5 and T6) have on the anodization of A357 aluminium alloy produced by a Thixocasting process. In particular the effect of shape, size and distribution of silicon and intermetallic phases on the anodic oxide film formation. SEM and EDS analyses were used to examine the microstructural features found on, within and under the anodic oxide layer. Experiments using a tribometer (pin-on-disc tests) were performed in order to evaluate the friction and wear properties of the different layers.

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Monetta, Tullio, Anna Carangelo, Francesco Bravaccino, Ciro Sinagra, and Annalisa Acquesta. "The Effect of Hydrofluoric Acid Concentration in Sulfuric Acid-Based Desmutting Solution for Aluminium Alloys." Materials Science Forum 1016 (January 2021): 934–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1016.934.

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The natural oxide layer, which spontaneously covers the surface of aluminium and its alloys, is well adherent to the surface, but it does not show adequate corrosion resistance in many conditions. In order to improve the material anti-corrosion performance, it is necessary to replace the surface oxide by a conversion coating. The first step to do this is to prepare the alloy surface to subsequent treatments. The pre-treatment implemented before the conversion treatment is one of the main factors responsible for the performance of the conversion coating. It involves several phases, including desmutting that encompasses the part immersion in an acid or alkaline solution bath. In this work, the influence of hydrofluoric acid concentration in the desmutting bath's formulation was investigated. The samples surface were characterised by using electrochemical techniques, glow discharge optical emission spectrometry and contact angle measurements.

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Liu, Y., F. Colin, P. Skeldon, G. E. Thompson, X. Zhou, H. Habazaki, and K. Shimizu. "Enrichment factors for copper in aluminium alloys following chemical and electrochemical surface treatments." Corrosion Science 45, no. 7 (July 2003): 1539–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-938x(02)00249-4.

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Sánchez-Amaya, J. M., Z. Boukha, L. González-Rovira, M. R. Amaya-Vázquez, and Francisco Javier Botana. "Application of Laser Texturization to Increase the Depth of AA5083 Welds." Advanced Materials Research 498 (April 2012): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.498.37.

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The application of laser beam welding to aluminium alloys has some complications, mainly due to their high reflectivity, high thermal conductivity and low viscosity. In order to increase the laser absorption of aluminium alloys, some surface treatments has been applied in the literature, such as the application of dark coatings or sandblasting. However, these conventional superficial treatments have some drawbacks, such as the low weld penetration, the possibility to undergo magnesium evaporation and the impossibility to control and/or change the superficial properties of the treated samples. In the present contribution, laser texturization treatments have been performed with a fibber laser for the first time on aluminium alloys to increase their absorption and weld penetration. The texturised samples leaded to deeper bead welds than the reference sandblasted samples.

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Tański, T., L. A. Dobrzański, M. Wiśniowski, T. Linek, and R. Szklarek. "PVD surface treatment of heat-treated cast aluminium alloys." Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 79, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 79–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/18972764.1229429.

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Petrov, P. "Surface modification of aluminium alloys using hybrid treatment techniques." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 356 (March 29, 2012): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/356/1/012035.

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Haque, Mohammad M., Nur I. Syahriah, and Ahmad Faris Ismail. "Effect of Silicon on Strength and Fracture Surfaces of Aluminium–Silicon Casting and Heat Treated Alloys." Key Engineering Materials 306-308 (March 2006): 893–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.306-308.893.

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Aluminium-silicon alloys having different silicon contents (13, 20 and 27 percent) were used in the present study. The molten alloys were poured in to a mild steel die to cast tensile test bars. Then tensile and hardness tests were performed in order to analyze the properties and fracture surfaces of the cast specimens. Results show that as silicon content increases, the alloy becomes harder and less ductile. At the same time, the presence of alloying and impurity elements in the alloys forms complex compounds and intermetallic phases. They present deleterious effects on the strength of the alloys, causing a lowering of the energy required to fracture the test specimens with little permanent extension. However, heat treatment operations altered the structures and properties of the aluminium-silicon alloys. Heating to higher temperature, then quenching, ageing and tempering make the alloys stronger up to 13% silicon and beyond that limit the alloys become weaker, fracturing at lower load. The appearance of fracture surfaces after tensile testing showed these differences. This investigation also suggests that for the aluminium-silicon alloys containing 20% and 27% silicon do not require any expensive and time consuming thermal treatment operations, since properties do not improve with such treatments.

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Buytaert, G., B. Kernig, H. J. Brinkman, and H. Terryn. "Influence of surface pre-treatments on disturbed rolled-in subsurface layers of aluminium alloys." Surface and Coatings Technology 201, no. 6 (December 2006): 2587–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.05.004.

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Kalisz, Janusz. "Tribological properties of aluminium alloy surface layer after finishing treatments." Mechanik 91, no. 7 (July 9, 2018): 492–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2018.7.63.

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Investigation’s results of the surface geometric structure and tribological properties of the aluminum alloy EN AW-AlCu4MgSi(A) processed by various finishing treatments: grinding, polishing and ball burnishing are presented in the paper. The test of abrasive resistance and friction coefficient determination was carried out by usage of the T-01M tester. The tests were carried out under dry friction conditions using the ball-on-disc method. As a counter-sample, a polished Al2O3 ceramic ball with a diameter of 6 mm was used. After burnishing, comparing to grinding and polishing, an approximate twice reduction of the volume wear rate was obtained. Depending on the type of surface treatment mean friction coefficients are 0.45 after grinding, 0.34 after polishing and 0.32 after ball burnishing.

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Ambroziak, Andrzej, Marcin Korzeniowski, Paweł Kustroń, Marcin Winnicki, Paweł Sokołowski, and Ewa Harapińska. "Friction Welding of Aluminium and Aluminium Alloys with Steel." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/981653.

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The paper presents our actual knowledge and experience in joining dissimilar materials with the use of friction welding method. The joints of aluminium and aluminium alloys with the different types of steel were studied. The structural effects occurring during the welding process were described. The mechanical properties using, for example, (i) microhardness measurements, (ii) tensile tests, (iii) bending tests, and (iv) shearing tests were determined. In order to obtain high-quality joints the influence of different configurations of the process such as (i) changing the geometry of bonding surface, (ii) using the interlayer, or (iii) heat treatment was analyzed. Finally, the issues related to the selection of optimal parameters of friction welding process were also investigated.

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Brace, A. W. "‘Surface treatment and finishing of aluminium’." British Corrosion Journal 23, no. 3 (January 1988): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/000705988798270884.

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Sinagra, Ciro, Francesco Bravaccino, Ciro Bitondo, Antonio Bossio, Tullio Monetta, Donald Bryce Mitton, and Francesco Bellucci. "Green Technology for Surface Treatments of Aluminium Foil for Flexible Packaging." Key Engineering Materials 710 (September 2016): 186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.710.186.

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In the flexible food packaging industry, producers of laminated aluminium predominantly use a "rinse" technology for surface treatments characterized by very bulky machinery. The Laminazione Sottile Group togehther with the University of Naples Federico II and the gscsg have developed and characterized a new, extremely simplified, process that provides a "no rinse" treatment on aluminium alloy AA8079Y. In addition, this treatment is chromium free, because chromium has been replaced by zirconium salts. The characteristics of resistance have been verified by using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and cathodic delamination tests. Results obtained show that the "no rinse" treatment with zirconium salts produces an effective protective effect.

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Seri, Osami. "Surface Treatment for Corrosion Resistant Aluminium Alloys by Removing Intermetallic Phases." Materials Science Forum 519-521 (July 2006): 729–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.519-521.729.

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It is well known that the Al-Fe system intermetallic compound particles on the aluminum and its alloys are detrimental to the corrosion for aluminum materials. Trial and error efforts reveal that Al3Fe intermetallic compound particles exposed on aluminum are preferentially and selectively removed by electrochemically treatment in cathodic current. These treatment combined by two steps: the first step is selective dissolution of aluminum component in the Al3Fe intermetallic compound by electrochemical reaction. The second step is intensive removal of the iron-enriched intermetallic particles on which vigorous hydrogen bubbling has been took place. The electrochemical measurement and surface observation show that the aluminum and its alloys with free intermetallic compound particles treated by aboves have excellent corrosion resistance in a NaCl solution. It is also found that the intermetallic compound-free surface is preferable for the pretreatment surface for the surface finishing.

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Tanski, Tomasz, Maciej Wisniowski, Wiktor Matysiak, Marcin Staszuk, and Radoslav Szklarek. "Surface treatment of heat-treated cast magnesium and aluminium alloys." Materiali in tehnologije 50, no. 5 (October 18, 2016): 699–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.17222/mit.2015.132.

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Altuncu, Ekrem, Ayyuce Tecir, and Onur Birbaşar. "Adhesion Imrovement with Plasma Activation Between Aluminum Alloys." Academic Perspective Procedia 3, no. 1 (October 25, 2020): 371–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33793/acperpro.03.01.77.

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Aluminum alloys are advantageous light metals in many respects. In the use of these alloys in the ship, aviation and automotive industries, bonding applications rather than welded joints or mechanical connections are preferred. Improving adhesion properties with various surface treatments applied to aluminum alloys is an important issue. Adhesive type, front surface treatments and surface activation techniques control adhesion strength. In this study, the effect of plasma surface treatment technology on adhesion strength was examined in detail. The water drop wetting ability of the alloys were examined, and then adhesion properties were compared with adhesion tests. It has been determined that plasma technology significantly increases the adhesion strength.

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Wagner, L. "Mechanical surface treatments on titanium, aluminum and magnesium alloys." Materials Science and Engineering: A 263, no. 2 (May 1999): 210–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(98)01168-x.

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Uhríčik, Milan, Peter Palček, Mária Chalupová, and Martin Frkáň. "The influence of the structure on the fatigue properties of aluminium alloys for the casting." MATEC Web of Conferences 157 (2018): 07013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815707013.

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The article will be focused on monitoring the influence of the structure on the fatigue properties of Al-Mg cast alloy. As an experimental material were used aluminium alloys EN AC 51200 and EN AC 51500, supplied in a cast state without a heat treatment, which were produced by the continuous casting method. These alloys were selected on the basis of the chemical composition, where the content of most alloying elements is comparable. Fatigue properties of aluminium alloys were tested by three-point bending cyclic loading. The fracture surface of the testing sample was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), where samples were observed on various stages of the fatigue process, their characteristics and differences of fracture surfaces.

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Marciszko, Marianna, Andrzej Baczmanski, Nacer Zazi, Jean Paul Chopart, Alain Lodini, and Krzysztof Wierzbanowski. "Stress in Aluminium Alloys Measured Using Göbel Mirror as a Primary Beam Optics of X-Ray Diffractometer." Materials Science Forum 681 (March 2011): 393–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.681.393.

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Grazing incidence geometry, called MGID-sin2y, was applied to measure surface stresses in very thin layers (depth of a few mm) of Al-Mg alloy samples subjected to different thermal and mechanical treatments. The Göbel mirror was used to parallelize the incident X-ray beam. Perfect collimation of the beam significantly increases accuracy of determined peak position and consequently allows to measure low stresses in surface layers.

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Trinidad, Camille, Jolanta Światowska, Sandrine Zanna, Antoine Seyeux, Dimitri Mercier, Rémi Viroulaud, and Philippe Marcus. "Effect of surface preparation treatments on copper enrichment on 2024 aluminium alloy surface." Applied Surface Science 560 (September 2021): 149991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.149991.

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Graver, Brit, Antonius van Helvoort, John Charles Walmsley, and Kemal Nisancioglu. "Surface Segregation of Indium by Heat Treatment of Aluminium." Materials Science Forum 519-521 (July 2006): 673–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.519-521.673.

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High temperature heat treatment of aluminium alloys causes surface enrichment of the trace elements in Group IIIA - VA, specifically the low melting point elements Pb, Bi, In and Sn. The phenomenon has practical significance in promoting certain types of localised corrosion, such as galvanic and filiform corrosion, while mitigating other types, such as pitting corrosion of the bare surface. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the surface enrichment and microstructure of indium relative to the available data for Pb. Model binary AlIn alloys, containing 20-1000 ppm of In, were used after heat treatment at various temperatures. In addition to electrochemical investigations, the microstructures were characterised by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FEG SEM) and field emission transmission electron microscopy (FEG TEM). Heat treatment at temperatures as low as 300°C gave significant segregation of In as opposed to 600°C for Pb. As a result of this and yet unresolved oxide film breakdown mechanism on aluminium, In was significantly more effective than Pb in anodically activating aluminium. These results suggest the possibility that significant activation earlier observed on certain commercial alloys as a result of low temperature heat treatment may be due to the trace elements In.

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Konieczny, J., K. Labisz, M. Polok-Rubiniec, and A. Włodarczyk-Fligier. "Influence of Aluminium Alloy Anodizing and Casting Methods on Structure and Functional Properties." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 61, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 1337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2016-0220.

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Abstract This paper presents the influence of casting method and anodic treatment parameters on thickness and structure of an anodic layer formed on aluminium alloys. As test materials was used the aluminium alloy AlSi9Cu3, which was adopted to the casting process and anodic treatment. In this paper are presented the wear test results and metallographic examination, as well as hardness of non-anodised and anodised alloys subjected to anodising process. The investigations were performed using light and electron microscopy (AFM) for the microstructure determination. The morphology and size of the layer was also possible to determine. The anodising conditions for surface hardening and its influence on properties was analysed. The structure of the surface laser tray changes in a way, that there is a different thickness of the produced layer. The aluminium samples were examined in terms of metallography using the optical microscope with different image techniques as well as light microscope. Improving the anodization technology with appliance of different anodising conditions. Some other investigation should be performed in the future, but the knowledge found in this research concerning the proper process parameters for each type of alloy shows an interesting investigation direction. The combination of metallographic investigation for cast aluminium alloys – including electron microscope investigation – and anodising parameters makes the investigation very attractive for automobile industry, aviation industry, and others, where aluminium alloys plays an important role.

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Ramli, Ramli. "Pengaruh Secondary Aging Treatment Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Dan Surface Glossiness Pada Aluminium Paduan 7003." Manutech : Jurnal Teknologi Manufaktur 9, no. 01 (May 14, 2019): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33504/manutech.v9i01.33.

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As technology advances and the quality of life improves, there is a deep need that requires of aluminium alloy that bears high strength, high toughness, high surface glossiness, anti-corrosion, and high fatigue resistivity [2]. This study aims to investigate the effects of secondary aging treatment on the mechanical properties and Surface Glossiness of the 7003 aluminium alloy by using several equipment, including: confocal laser microscope, white light interferometer, gloss meter, micro Vickers hardness tester and tensile test machine. This research was conducted by experimental method by giving treatment on the aluminium alloy 7003 with some treatments, there are: aging treatment at 100˚C for 5 hours and then secondary aging treatment at several different temperatures at 150˚C, 175˚C and 200˚C for 9 hours respectively. Based on our experimental results, it obtained: After being aged at 100 ℃ for 5 hours and then secondary aged at 175℃ for 9 hours, the 7003 aluminium alloy obtained excellent mechanical properties, which can achieve the industrial requirements of Yield strength 320 MPa and Elongation 13% for 3C mobile phone products. The 7003 aluminium alloy after being anodizing treated could obtain excellent Surface Glossiness and oxidation layer. The present aluminium alloy can achieve Surface Glossiness better than 1200 GU and the thickness of oxidation layer exceed 10μm, which were suitable for 3C industrial applications.

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Lumley, Roger. "Design of Secondary Alloy Compositions for High Performance Aluminium Pressure Diecastings." Materials Science Forum 693 (July 2011): 247–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.693.247.

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High pressure die-casting (HPDC) is a widely used production technique for metal components that are required to have close dimensional tolerances and smooth surface finishes. Approximately 50% of the aluminium castings produced globally are manufactured by HPDC from secondary alloy and these are dominant in the automotive sector where they account for the majority of aluminium components present in each vehicle manufactured. Recently, it has been shown that industrially produced aluminium alloy high pressure diecastings (HPDC’s) can be successfully heat treated without encountering problems with surface blistering or dimensional instability. These processes may significantly improve the properties which develop from the alloys, thereby significantly increasing the scope of applications that may be realized. HPDC alloys however have not been developed specifically for heat treatment or the optimization of specific properties. In particular, recent work in Al-Si-Cu HPDC alloys has identified composition ranges of alloys for a) achieving yield strengths exceeding 400 MPa, b), rapid heat treatment that minimizes cost / cycle times, and c) high strength combined with elevated ductility levels. The role of alloying elements, composition limits and effects on mechanical property development are discussed.

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Liu, Z., H. Liu, F. Viejo, Z. Aburas, and M. Rakhes. "Laser-induced microstructural modification for corrosion protection." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 224, no. 5 (March 26, 2010): 1073–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes1858.

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Laser surface modification of materials by melting and annealing has been the subject of considerable interest as a means of enhancing the corrosion performance of metallic alloys. Microstructural modification without changing surface chemical composition, in terms of homogenization/refinement of microstructures, dissolution/re-distribution of intermetallic particles, and extended solid solubility, resulting from rapid rates of cooling, provides the basis for property enhancement. This paper reviews authors’ work on laser surface melting (LSM) and laser annealing (LA) for the purpose of improved corrosion performance. Microstructural evolution and corrosion performance in a range of metallic alloys, followed by different treatments with different types of lasers, are presented. For LSM of aerospace aluminium alloys, the corrosion mechanisms of the laser-melted alloys have been discussed in the consideration of electrochemical characteristics of intermetallic particles with respect to the aluminium matrix and cooling rates leading to different degrees of refinement/removal of intermetallic particles. For LA of amorphous electroless Ni-W-P plating, porosity formation and grain growth and microstrain/residual stress resulting from laser-induced nanocrystallization are the major concerns, affecting corrosion performance. In addition, potential applications of LSM as pre-treatment method prior to conventional anodizing or post-treatment of thermal sprayed coatings have been demonstrated.

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Schulz, Peter, Josef Berneder, Dirk Uffelmann, Christian Zelger, and Carsten Melzer. "Advanced 5xxx-, 6xxx- and 7xxx- Aluminium Alloys for Applications in Automotive and Consumer Electronics." Materials Science Forum 690 (June 2011): 451–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.690.451.

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Aluminium alloys offer an excellent balance of strength, light weight, good formability and corrosion resistance, together with capability for decorative & functional surface treatments. They have become widely used for automotive and consumer electronic applications. AMAG rolling has developed advanced 5xxx-, 6xxx- and 7xxx- alloys and processes to extend use in these industries. Examples are shown and metallurgical aspects explained.

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Włodarczyk-Fligier, A., K. Labisz, M. Polok-Rubiniec, and J. Konieczny. "Application of Anodization Process for Cast Aluminium Surface Properties Enhancement." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 61, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 1351–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2016-0222.

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Abstract An huge interest is observed in last years in metal matrix composite, mostly light metal based, which have found their applications in many industry branches, among others in the aircraft industry, automotive-, and armaments ones, as well as in electrical engineering and electronics, where one of the most important issue is related to the corrosion resistance, especially on the surface layer of the used aluminium alloys. This elaboration presents the influence of ceramic phase on the corrosion resistance, quality of the surface layer its thickness and structure of an anodic layer formed on aluminium alloys. As test materials it was applied the aluminium alloys Al-Si-Cu and Al-Cu-Mg, for which heat treatment processes and corrosion tests were carried out. It was presented herein grindability test results and metallographic examination, as well. Hardness of the treated alloys with those ones subjected to corrosion process were compared.

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Bennett, Tricia A., Roumen H. Petrov, and Leo Kestens. "Surface Texture Modification for Improved Roping Behaviour of Aluminium Alloy 6016." Solid State Phenomena 160 (February 2010): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.160.197.

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The effect of two different intermediate annealing (IA) treatments on texture banding in a roping prone aluminium alloy was investigated. It was found that texture banding occurred in the final annealed material that underwent an IA treatment consisting of slow heating in which there was significant interaction between the recrystallizing grains and the particles in the material. A more uniform distribution of orientations in the final annealed material was obtained in the case of an IA treatment with fast heating so that there was no significant effect of particles on recrystallization.

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Mui, T. S. M., L. L. G. Silva, V. Prysiazhnyi, and K. G. Kostov. "Surface modification of aluminium alloys by atmospheric pressure plasma treatments for enhancement of their adhesion properties." Surface and Coatings Technology 312 (February 2017): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2016.08.024.

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MONSALVE, A., M. PÁEZ, M. TOLEDANO, A. ARTIGAS, Y. SEPÚLVEDA, and y. N. VALENCIA. "S-N-P curves in 7075 T7351 and 2024 T3 aluminium alloys subjected to surface treatments." Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures 30, no. 8 (August 2007): 748–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.2007.01134.x.

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Lukauskaitė, Raimonda, Algirdas Vaclovas Valiulis, Olegas Černašėjus, and Jelena Škamat. "RESEARCH INTO NI-CR-SI-B COATING SPRAYED ONTO ALUMINIUM SUBSTRATE USING THE METHOD OF PLASMA SPRAY / NI-CR-SI-B DANGOS, UŽPURKŠTOS ANT ALIUMINIO SUBSTRATO PLAZMINIO PURŠKIMO BŪDU, TYRIMAS." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 6, no. 4 (February 4, 2013): 546–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2012.89.

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The article deals with Ni base coatings deposited on aluminium substrate applying the method of plasma spray. The purpose of the conducted research is to improve the physical and mechanical properties of coatings on the surface of aluminium alloy work pieces. Spraying on aluminium alloys encounters serious problems, and therefore this work analyses the ways to make the situation more favourable. Before spraying, the surfaces of substrates were modified employing chemical and mechanical pre-treatment methods. The aim of pre-treating aluminium alloys was to remove oxide layers from the aluminium surface. Coating microstructures and porosity were characterised applying optical microscopy. Differences in the roughness of pre-treated surfaces have been determined referring to profilometry. The paper investigates the influence of the adhesion of plasma spray coatings on aluminium surface pretreatment. Microhardness technique was applied for measuring the hardness of coatings. The study also describes and compares the mechanical properties of Ni base coatings deposited on different pre-treated aluminium substrates using plasma spray. Santrauka Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas Ni-Cr-Si-B dangos dengimas ant aliuminio substratų plazminiu purškimo būdu. Tyrimo tikslas – sukurti aliuminio lydinių paviršiuje geresnių fizinių ir mechaninių savybių dangas. Aliuminio lydinių terminį purškimą apsunkina tanki, aukštos lydymosi temperatūros oksido plėvelė substrato paviršiuje. Aliuminio substratų paviršiai prieš purškimą buvo apdorojami cheminiais ir mechaniniais apdorojimo būdais. Pagrindinis aliuminio lydinių apdorojimo tikslas buvo pašalinti oksidų sluoksnį nuo aliuminio paviršiaus ir paveikti substrato paviršiaus šiurkštumą. Aliuminio paviršiaus šiurkštis po apdorojimų buvo tiriamas profilometru. Dangų mikrostruktūra ir porėtumas buvo nagrinėjami optinės mikroskopijos būdu taikant fazių ir morfologijos analizės programą. Buvo nustatyta plazminio purškimo dangų adhezijos reikšmių priklausomybė nuo aliuminio paviršiaus apdorojimo būdų. Eksperimentinių tyrimų metu buvo analizuojama purškimo proceso technologinių parametrų įtaka užpurkštų dangų porėtumui ir kietumui.

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Pakieła, Wojciech, and Zbigniew Brytan. "Laser Surface Alloying of Aluminium Alloys with Cu/Fe Metallic Powders." Solid State Phenomena 308 (July 2020): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.308.64.

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In this paper, the influence of laser surface alloying on the structure and mechanical properties of aluminium alloy was analysed. As a parent material aluminium EN AC-51300 alloy was applied. The laser surface alloying was executed by direct introduction of metallic powder Fe/Cu into the remelted area (molten pool). As a heat flux, the Hight Power Fiber Laser (HPFL) has been used. Metallic powder before the treatment was mixed in a ball mill and dried on the hot plate (90°C temperature). The mechanical and tribological properties of alloyed surface were analysed including hardness (HRF), microhardness (HV0.1) and ball-on-plate wear test. The structure of the laser alloyed surface was evaluated by light and scanning electron microscopy.

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Tanski, T., A. D. Dobrzanska-Danikiewicz, K. Labisz, and W. Matysiak. "Long-Term Development Perspectives of Selected Groups of Engineering Materials Used in the Automotive Industry/ Długoterminowe Perspektywy Rozwoju Wybranych Grup Materiałów Inżynierskich Stosowanych W Przemyśle Motoryzacyjnym." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 59, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 1717–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amm-2014-0290.

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Abstract The purpose of the article is to present the results of comparative quantitative analysis of selected materials (steel, magnesium and aluminium alloys) and manufacturing technologies, to indicate their development outlooks and to present its application opportunities particularly in the automotive industry. Moreover in this article describes the application of the computer-integrated prediction of development for objectivised selection of a material and surface treatment technology, so that product properties can be achieved as are expected by a client. In a broad array of applications of the computer-integrated prediction of development in the field of material engineering, including materials surface engineering, experiment planning can be distinguished, usually including the selection of: a research material, surface treatment technology, construction solution and/or methods to review the final outcome achieved against the anticipated outcome. A material for the planned materials science experiments and its surface treatment technology, the application of which contributes most to meeting the high requirements set by a prospect product used, was selected in this work using a dendrological matrix of technology value. The dendrological matrix falls into to a group of contextual matrices allowing presenting graphically a quantitative assessment of the factor, phenomenon or process investigated while taking into account two analysis factors placed on the X and Y axis of the matrix. An evaluation classifying the three groups of materials analysed, i.e. casting magnesium alloys, casting aluminium alloys, constructional steels and their surface treatment technologies, to the individual quarters of the matrix was made based on the results of own materials science and heuristic experiments supported with a review of the literature. Considering the three groups of materials subjected to an expert assessment using a dendrological matrix being inherent part of materials surface engineering development prediction methods. Aluminium cast alloys has achieved here the best position. It was further demonstrated that laser treatment is a technology with the highest potential and attractiveness in the context of applying aluminium casting alloys for surface treatment. The metallographic examinations carried out give grounds to state that the ceramic powder alloying or feeding process will be carried out successfully in case of the aluminium alloy substrate, the powder particles will be distributed uniformly in the investigated surface layer, and that the particular layers is without cracks and failures and tightly adhere to the cast aluminium material matrix. With regard to the above, dynamic development achieved by exploitation of numerous application and development opportunities, especially strong prospects in the automotive industry, aviation industry, military sector, sport sector and in civil engineering is a recommended by appliance of long-term action strategy.

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Daswa, Pfarelo, Heinrich Möller, and Gonasagren Govender. "Optimization of the Solution Heat Treatment of Rheo-High Pressure Die Cast Al-Cu-Mg-Ag 2139 Alloy." Materials Science Forum 828-829 (August 2015): 226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.828-829.226.

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This paper investigates the optimization of the solution heat treatment parameters of the rheo-high pressure die cast (R-HPDC) 2139 aluminium alloy. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and optical microscopy were used to investigate the incidence of incipient melting and therefore determine suitable solution heat treatment temperatures. A three-step solution heat treatment where the alloy was heat treated from 400°C to 513°C using controlled heating conditions and held at 513°C for 2 hours and finally heated up from 513°C to 525°C and held there for 16 hours was done. R-HPDC is known to produce surface liquid segregation and when processing the alloys these areas are most prone to incipient melting. The applicability of a single (525°C for 16h) and three-step solution heat treatments on the R-HPDC 2139 aluminium alloy was also investigated. A single-step solution heat treatment results in incipient melting, whereas this is mostly eliminated using the three-step solution heat treatment. However, a high volume fraction of undissolved phases remain in the liquid segregated areas, even after the three-step solution heat treatment.

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Uhríčik, M., P. Palček, M. Chalupová, M. Oravcová, and M. Frkáň. "The Influence of the Structure on the Fatigue Properties of Al-Mg Cast Alloy." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 62, no. 3 (September 26, 2017): 1615–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2017-0247.

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AbstractThe article will be focused on monitoring the influence of the structure on the fatigue properties of aluminium alloys for the casting of type Al-Mg. As an experimental material were used aluminium alloys EN AC 51200 and EN AC 51500, supplied in a cast state without a heat treatment. They were produced by the continuous casting method. These alloys were selected on the basis of the chemical composition, where the content of most alloying elements is comparable, only in the case of the concentration of magnesium are these alloys significantly different. Fatigue properties of aluminium alloys were tested by three-point bending cyclic loading. The fracture surface of the testing sample was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), where samples were observed on various stages of the fatigue process, their characteristics and differences of fracture surfaces.

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Aldanondo, Egoitz, Javier Vivas, Pedro Álvarez, Iñaki Hurtado, and Alexandra Karanika. "Friction Stir Welding of AA2099-T83 and AA2060-T8E30 Aluminium Alloys with New Cr-Free Surface Treatments and Sealant Application." Metals 11, no. 4 (April 15, 2021): 644. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11040644.

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The feasibility for friction stir welding (FSW) surface-treated AA2099-T83 aluminium extrusions with AA2060-T8E30 aluminium sheets in the overlap configuration and using a sealant at the interface was investigated in this work. New Cr-free surface treatments such as thin film sulphuric acid anodising (TFSAA) and sol–gel were applied to the parent materials, and a sealant was applied before applying the FSW process. FSW welds were produced using several combinations of surface treatments and sealant application with no significant influence on FSW process stability and performance. The metallographic examination of the welds showed that a good protection of the crevice was achieved with some sealant accumulation at the edges of the overlapping region. The microstructural analysis showed no sealant remnants but the presence of some oxide remnants in the stir zone (SZ) of the welds, especially in the TFSAA treated parent material cases. However, these remnants did not show any significant effect in the static pull-out strength of the joints and failures at the most stressed zone of the AA2099-T83 extrusions outside the FSW weld region were consistently obtained.

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Chiba, Makoto, Chinami Yamada, Haruka Okuyama, Minori Sugiura, Sven Pletincx, Hilke Verbruggen, Atsushi Hyono, Iris De Graeve, Herman Terryn, and Hideaki Takahashi. "Development of novel surface treatments for corrosion protection of aluminum: self-repairing coatings." Corrosion Reviews 36, no. 1 (February 23, 2018): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/corrrev-2017-0056.

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AbstractTwo types of self-repairing coatings for the protection of Al and its alloys are reviewed: (1) organic coatings with capsules containing repairing agent and (2) porous anodic oxide films with inhibitor solution stored in the pores of the oxide film. First, polyurethane microcapsules containing liquid surface-repairing agents were synthesized and polyurethane coating with the capsules was painted on Al alloy specimens. After mechanical damage to the coating, self-repairing occurred by the reaction of water vapor in the air with the repairing agents released from the capsules. Second, porous-type anodic oxide films were formed on Al alloys, and the pores of the anodic oxide films were filled with inhibitor solutions, followed by application of a covering polyurethane layer. Inhibitors released from the pores efficiently protected the Al alloy substrate from corrosion arising from induced mechanical damage.

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Kłonica, Mariusz, and Józef Kuczmaszewski. "Comparative study of the energy state of the surface layer of aluminium alloys after milling treatment." Mechanik, no. 8-9 (September 2015): 729/654–729/662. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2015.8-9.478.

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Tański, Tomasz, and Krzysztof Labisz. "Electron Microscope Investigation of PVD Coated Aluminium Alloy Surface Layer." Solid State Phenomena 186 (March 2012): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.186.192.

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The purpose of this work is electron microscope investigation of the Ti/TiCN/TiAlN and Cr/CrN/CrN coatings deposited by PVD process. The investigations were performed using scanning and transmission electron microscopy for the microstructure determination. By mind of the transmission electron microscopy the high resolution and phase determination was possible to obtain. The morphology was studied as well the lattice parameters for the layer matrix and substrate phase identification using diffraction methods was applied. After the coating of the aluminium alloys AlSi9Cu and AlSi9Cu4 with the selected coatings there are crystallites detected with the size of several tenth of diameter. The investigated samples were examined metallographically using electron microscope with different image techniques, also EDS microanalysis and electron diffraction was made. As an implication for the practice a new layer sequence can be possible to develop, based on PVD technique. Some other investigation should be performed in the future, but the knowledge found in this research shows an interesting investigation direction. The originality and value of this combination of TEM investigation for PVD deposited surface lasers on aluminium alloys makes the investigation very attractive for automotive and other industry branches. Some practical implications and employment of the surface treatment technology for elements, made from tool materials, with the PVD and CVD methods, to obtain the high wear resistant coatings, makes it possible to improve the properties of these materials by – among others – decreasing for example their friction coefficient, microhardness increase, improvement of the tribological contact conditions in practical use. One original value is it also to applied the PVD method on a common material like aluminium alloy. The double layer coatings worked out In the PVD process on the Al0Si-Cu alloys substrate hale the following configuration of the layers: bottom layer/gradient layer/wear resistant hard surface layer.

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Pakieła, Wojciech, Tomasz Tański, Krzysztof Labisz, Katarzyna Pakieła, and Zbigniew Brytan. "Structure and Mechanical Properties of Composite Layers Prepared by Laser Alloying of Aluminium Alloy." Solid State Phenomena 275 (June 2018): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.275.53.

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Increasingly high expectations for modern engineering, make the constantly being sought-after new processes giving traditional materials new, better features. Nowadays, next to the classic heat treatments, advanced technologies are being used increasingly, leading to much better results than ever before. The most commonly used technologies that allow for obtaining new, enhanced properties of various metal alloys in the area of surface engineering include, among others laser surface treatment. The main objective of this paper was to analyze the influence of laser surface treatment on structural change and mechanical properties improvement of Al-Mg alloy by VC alloying. The remelted layer on the aluminium alloy surface was obtained using high power fiber laser "Ytterbium Laser System YLS-4000". The surface sample was remelted using a rectangular laser beam (2 x 4mm) with a power of 3 kW (1.53e+4w/cm2). Scanning speed of the laser beam was 0.8 cm/s (0.48 m/min). The remelting area has been protected by the use of technical argon blowing. During the process, sintered particles of vanadium carbide with an average size of about 50-100 μm was introduced into the liquid metal. Ceramic powder in the remelting volume was fed with a pressure feeder (constant rate of 5 g/min). As a substrate, the ENAC AlMg3 alloy has been used. During the laser treatment, a composite layer with much better mechanical properties was obtained comparing the base material. The average hardness of the layer was about 19 HV0.1higher than that of the base material. Chemical analysis, carried out with the EDS (energy dispersive spectroscopy) detector and transmission microscope revealed many undissolved powder particles used in the alloying process as well as those of Al8V5precipitated in the Al-Mg matrix.

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Wong, T. T., G. Y. Liang, and C. Y. Tang. "The surface character and substructure of aluminium alloys by laser-melting treatment." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 66, no. 1-3 (April 1997): 172–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-0136(96)02514-9.

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Tan, Juan, John Charles Walmsley, Børge Holme, Heidi Nordmark, and Kemal Nisancioglu. "Surface segregation of tin by heat treatment of dilute aluminium–tin alloys." Corrosion Science 68 (March 2013): 204–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2012.11.018.

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Chong, P. H., Z. Liu, P. Skeldon, and G. E. Thompson. "Large area laser surface treatment of aluminium alloys for pitting corrosion protection." Applied Surface Science 208-209 (March 2003): 399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-4332(02)01418-6.

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Kraus, Pavel, Jaroslava Svobodova, Jaromir Cais, and Radek Lattner. "APPLICATION OF CHEMICAL PRE-TREATMENT ON THE POLISHED SURFACE OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS." Advances in Science and Technology Research Journal 10, no. 32 (December 1, 2016): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.12913/22998624/65112.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Surface treatments; Aluminium alloys'

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