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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Surfactant aggregate

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Academic literature on the topic 'Surfactant aggregate'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 May 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Surfactant aggregate"

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Veldhuizen, R. A., S. A. Hearn, J. F. Lewis, and F. Possmayer. "Surface-area cycling of different surfactant preparations: SP-A and SP-B are essential for large-aggregate integrity." Biochemical Journal 300, no. 2 (1994): 519–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3000519.

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Surface-area cycling is an in vitro procedure for the conversion of large into small surfactant aggregates. In this procedure a tube containing a surfactant suspension is rotated end-over-end at 37 degrees C so that the surface area of the suspension changes twice each cycle. We have utilized this method to study the mechanisms involved in aggregate conversion. Several different surfactant preparations were analysed: (1) bovine natural surfactant, a sucrose-gradient-purified material containing surfactant phospholipid and surfactant-associated proteins (SP-) SP-A, SP-B and SP-C; (2) bovine lip

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Paul, Nawal K., Tyler Mercer, Hussein Al-Mughaid, et al. "Synthesis and properties of multiheaded and multitailed surfactants based on tripentaerythritol." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 93, no. 5 (2015): 502–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2014-0342.

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The surface and self-assembly properties of a family of multiheaded, multitailed surfactants based on a tripentaerythritol backbone are described. Critical aggregation concentrations of these unusual surfactant systems have been determined from surface tension measurements; aggregate sizes in the presence and absence of a small amount of added electrolyte have been obtained via dynamic light scattering, and the morphologies of the aggregates were examined from electron microscopy measurements. In general, when compared to conventional ionic and two-headed surfactants (and other recently synthe

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Veldhuizen, R. A., J. Marcou, L. J. Yao, L. McCaig, Y. Ito, and J. F. Lewis. "Alveolar surfactant aggregate conversion in ventilated normal and injured rabbits." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 270, no. 1 (1996): L152—L158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1996.270.1.l152.

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Alveolar surfactant can be separated into two subtypes; large aggregates and small aggregates. Large aggregates represent the surface active form of surfactant and are the metabolic precursors of small aggregates. Previous studies examined the mechanism by which large aggregates are converted into small aggregates in vitro. We used intratracheal injection of radiolabeled large aggregates in rabbits to probe the aggregate conversion in vivo. After this injection, animals were mechanically ventilated for 60 min. After the animals were killed, the lungs were lavaged, and the percentage of radiola

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Ikegami, Machiko, Thomas R. Korfhagen, Jeffrey A. Whitsett, et al. "Characteristics of surfactant from SP-A-deficient mice." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 275, no. 2 (1998): L247—L254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1998.275.2.l247.

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Mice that are surfactant protein (SP) A deficient [SP-A(−/−)] have no apparent abnormalities in lung function. To understand the contributions of SP-A to surfactant, the biophysical properties and functional characteristics of surfactant from normal [SP-A(+/+)] and SP-A(−/−) mice were evaluated. SP-A-deficient surfactant had a lower buoyant density, a lower percentage of large-aggregate forms, an increased rate of conversion from large-aggregate to small-aggregate forms with surface area cycling, increased sensitivity to inhibition of minimum surface tension by plasma protein, and no tubular m

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Chavez-Martinez, E. H., E. Cedillo-Cruz, and H. Dominguez. "Adsorption of metallic ions from aqueous solution on surfactant aggregates: a molecular dynamics study." Condensed Matter Physics 24, no. 2 (2021): 23601. http://dx.doi.org/10.5488/cmp.24.23601.

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Metallic ion adsorption on surfactant aggregates were studied with Molecular dynamics simulations. Using ionic salts, such as lead sulfate (PbSO4) and aluminum sulfate [Al2(SO4)3], adsorption of lead and aluminum were investigated at different salt concentrations and different surfactant aggregates (micelles) sizes. The micelles were constructed with spherical shapes composed of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) anionic surfactants. The electrostatic interactions between the positive ions and the negative SDS headgroups promote capture of the metal particles on the aggregate surface. Metal adsorpti

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Veldhuizen, R. A., Y. Ito, J. Marcou, L. J. Yao, L. McCaig, and J. F. Lewis. "Effects of lung injury on pulmonary surfactant aggregate conversion in vivo and in vitro." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 272, no. 5 (1997): L872—L878. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.1997.272.5.l872.

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Within the alveolar space pulmonary surfactant is converted from the surface active large aggregates (LA) to the inactive small aggregates (SA). This conversion is affected by a change in surface area, lung injury, breathing pattern, and protease activity. This study examined the effect of N-nitroso-N-methylurethane-induced acute lung injury on aggregate conversion in mechanically ventilated and spontaneously breathing rabbits. Both the in vitro surface area cycling techniques and the in vivo technique of intratracheally injecting radiolabeled LA were used for analyzing aggregate conversion. M

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Veldhuizen, R. A. W., K. Inchley, S. A. Hearn, J. F. Lewis, and F. Possmayer. "Degradation of surfactant-associated protein B (SP-B) during in vitro conversion of large to small surfactant aggregates." Biochemical Journal 295, no. 1 (1993): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2950141.

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Pulmonary surfactant obtained from lung lavages can be separated by differential centrifugation into two distinct subfractions known as large surfactant aggregates and small surfactant aggregates. The large-aggregate fraction is the precursor of the small-aggregate fraction. The ratio of the small non-surface-active to large surface-active surfactant aggregates increases after birth and in several types of lung injury. We have utilized an in vitro system, surface area cycling, to study the conversion of large into small aggregates. Small aggregates generated by surface area cycling were separa

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Madsen, Jens, Gunna Christiansen, Lise Giehm, and Daniel Otzen. "Release of Pharmaceutical Peptides in an Aggregated State: Using Fibrillar Polymorphism to Modulate Release Levels." Colloids and Interfaces 3, no. 1 (2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/colloids3010042.

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Traditional approaches to achieve sustained delivery of pharmaceutical peptides traditionally use co-excipients (e.g., microspheres and hydrogels). Here, we investigate the release of an amyloidogenic glucagon analogue (3474) from an aggregated state and the influence of surfactants on this process. The formulation of peptide 3474 in dodecyl maltoside (DDM), rhamnolipid (RL), and sophorolipid (SL) led to faster fibrillation. When the aggregates were subjected to multiple cycles of release by repeated resuspension in fresh buffer, the kinetics of the release of soluble peptide 3474 from differe

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Liu, Z., D. A. Edwards, and R. G. Luthy. "Nonionic Surfactant Sorption onto Soil." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 9-11 (1992): 2337–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0731.

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Experiments in batch soil/aqueous systems were conducted to evaluate the sorption onto soil of four nonionic surfactants. At bulk solution surfactant concentration less than the respective critical micelle (aggregate) concentration (CMC or CAC), sorption can be assessed using a surface tension technique and can be characterized with a Freundlich isotherm. At bulk solution surfactant concentrations equal to or greater than the critical concentration, sorption of the micelle-forming surfactants can be assessed by a spectrophotometric technique with an azo dye and had a constant value; sorption o

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Cong, Peiliang, and Kexuan Yu. "Evaluation of the Grading and Morphology of Recycled Asphalt Pavement Clusters Using the Emulsification–Separation Disposal Method." Applied Sciences 15, no. 13 (2025): 7375. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15137375.

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This study proposes a method for separating asphalt and aggregates in recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) materials using surfactants as solvents. This method utilizes surfactants to soften the asphalt by reducing its surface tension, separating the RAP clusters, and washing away the asphalt from the RAP. The wastewater is recycled during the emulsification–separation process without discharge. Factors affecting the separation effect of RAP, including the type of anionic surfactants, the surfactant concentration, the emulsion-to-RAP ratio, temperature, the rotation rate and time, and the RAP’s par

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Surfactant aggregate"

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Mrinmay, Jha. "Physico-chemical studies on soft matter: behaviour of surfactant aggregate and biodegradable polymer systems." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2015. http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/1526.

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Mousseau, Fanny. "Le surfactant pulmonaire, une barrière déterminante de la réponse des cellules à l'exposition aux nanoparticules." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC125/document.

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Les particules fines émises par l'activité humaine sont la cause de diverses pathologies pulmonaires et cardiaques. Les particules de taille inférieure à 100 nm, appelées nanoparticules, sont particulièrement nocives car une fois inhalées, elles peuvent atteindre les alvéoles pulmonaires, lieux des échanges gazeux. Dans les alvéoles, les nanoparticules entrent d'abord en contact avec le surfactant pulmonaire. Ce fluide biologique tapisse les cellules épithéliales des alvéoles sur une épaisseur de quelques centaines de nanomètres et est composé de phospholipides et de protéines, les phospholipi

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Kjellin, Mikael. "Structure-Property Relationships of Surfactants at Interfaces and Polyelectrolyte-Surfactant Aggregates." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Chemistry, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3299.

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<p>The first part of this thesis is concerned with thestructure-property relationships in nonionic surfactantsystems. The main aim was to investigate how the surfactantstructure influences the adsorption at interfaces andinteractions between surfactant coated interfaces.Particularly, the effect of the structure of the surfactantheadgroups was investigated. These were sugar-based headgroupwith varying size and flexibility and poly(ethylene oxide)based headgroups with or without an additional amide or estergroup. The hydrophobic part of the surfactant consisted mostlyof straight alkyl chains, ex

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Renoncourt, Audrey. "Study of supra-aggregates in catanionic surfactant systems." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=976351714.

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Singh, Pankaj Kumar. "Dispersion of nanoparticulate suspensions using self-assembled surfactant aggregates." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2002. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE1001182.

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Voisin, David. "Polyelectrolyte surfactant aggregates and their deposition on macroscopic surfaces." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251089.

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Lam, Viet Duy. "Structure of Rod-like Polyelectrolyte-Surfactant Aggregates in Solution and in Adsorbed Layers." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2011. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/69.

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Polyelectrolyte-surfactant aggregates (PES) have diverse sets of properties, which could be controlled by a wide range of parameters, both within the aggregates themselves and the surrounding environment. The large portfolio of applications amplifies the need to understand them. A particular system of polyelectrolyte-surfactant aggregate, polycetyltrimethyl vinylbenzoate, denoted pC16TVB, which self-assembles in aqueous solution, is the main focus of the thesis. Its structure is the product of the balance between surfactant head groups – polyelectrolyte charge groups electrostatic interactions

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Chagas-Silva, Fatima Aparecida das. "Novos materiais funcionais organo-híbridos baseados em óxidos metálicos e diimidas aromáticas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46136/tde-10092012-094158/.

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O uso e estudo de materiais híbridos para desenvolver novos materiais com qualidades superiores para aplicações em fotônica, sensores e áreas afins é um desafio para o químico. Neste contexto deve-se especular sobre as propriedades de associação de materiais orgânicos e inorgânicos para alcançar novas e melhores propriedades. Neste estudo, os óxidos metálicos (óxidos de cério em particular), uma classe especial entre nanopartículas inorgânicas, foram selecionados para explorar as suas aplicações com uma classe, também especial de compostos orgânicos, sendo no nosso estudo as Naftaleno Diimidas

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Li, Yan. "A study of surfactant aggregates (a) in the presence of neutral polymers, and (b) as potential lubricants." Thesis, University of Salford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244844.

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Shen, Licheng. "Investigation of the removal and recovery of metal cations and anions from dilute aqueous solutions using polymer-surfactant aggregates." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:33afa911-3ffb-484e-8db5-b6843928f175.

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Dilute metallic ion treatment (< 10 mg/L) remains a challenge in water purification and resource recovery. A novel and inexpensive treatment process that employs polymer-surfactant aggregates (PSAs) has been developed and applied to remove and recover dilute metallic ions, such as Cr3+, Rh3+, Cd2+, Fe(CN)6 3- and CrO42-, from industrial process and effluent. At the heart of this process is a material that comprises a colloidal structure of polymers and surfactants, named a polymer-surfactant aggregate (PSA), that trap metallic ions. The ion loaded PSAs then coalesce and settle out. The flocs a

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Books on the topic "Surfactant aggregate"

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1931-, Christian Sherril Duane, and Scamehorn John F. 1953-, eds. Solubilization in surfactant aggregates. M. Dekker, 1995.

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Aveyard, Bob. Surfactants. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198828600.001.0001.

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Characteristically, surfactants in aqueous solution adsorb at interfaces and form aggregates (micelles of various shapes and sizes, microemulsion droplets, and lyotropic liquid crystalline phases). This book is about the behaviour of surfactants in solution, at interfaces, and in colloidal dispersions. Adsorption at liquid/fluid and solid/liquid interfaces, and ways of characterizing the adsorbed surfactant films, are explained. Surfactant aggregation in systems containing only an aqueous phase and in systems with comparable volumes of water and nonpolar oil are each considered. In the latter

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Christian, Sherril D., and John F. Scamehorn. Solubilization in Surfactant Aggregates. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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Christian, Sherril D., and John F. Scamehorn. Solubilization in Surfactant Aggregates. Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.

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Christian, Sherril D., and John F. Scamehorn. Solubilization in Surfactant Aggregates. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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Christian, Sherril D., and John F. Scamehorn. Solubilization in Surfactant Aggregates. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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Solubilization in Surfactant Aggregates. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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Christian, Sherril Duane. Solubilization in Surfactant Aggregates. CRC Press LLC, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Surfactant aggregate"

1

Bharti, Bhuvnesh. "Surfactant Adsorption and Aggregate Structure at Silica Nanoparticles." In Adsorption, Aggregation and Structure Formation in Systems of Charged Particles. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07737-6_4.

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Dong, J., G. Mao, and R. M. Hill. "Atomic Force Microscopy Study of Trisiloxane Surfactant Aggregate Structures at the Solid-Liquid Interface." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2003-0861.ch001.

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Clint, John H. "Dispersions of surfactant aggregates." In Surfactant Aggregation. Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2272-6_8.

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Kunitake, Toyoki. "Syntheses, Aggregate Morphologies, and Applications of Membrane-Forming Amphiphiles." In Surfactants in Solution. Springer US, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7981-6_14.

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Rosenholm, J. B., and C. Jolicoeur. "Thermodynamic Analysis of the Breakdown of w/o -Microemulsion Aggregates due to Changes in the Composition of the Solvent." In Surfactants in Solution. Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7990-8_4.

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Kunitake, Toyoki. "Structural Relationships between Monomeric Surfactants and Their Aggregates." In Modern Trends of Colloid Science in Chemistry and Biology. Birkhäuser Basel, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-6513-5_2.

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Brackman, Josephine C., and Jan B. F. N. Engberts. "Interactions Between Water-Soluble Nonionic Polymers and Surfactant Aggregates." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1994-0578.ch024.

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Johansson, Jan. "Harnessing the Self-Assembling Properties of Proteins in Spider Silk and Lung Surfactant." In Amyloid Fibrils and Prefibrillar Aggregates. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527654185.ch21.

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Klyachko, Natalia L., and Andrey V. Levashov. "Surfactant Aggregates as Matrix Nanocontainers for Proteins (Enzymes) Entrapment and Regulation." In ACS Symposium Series. American Chemical Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2008-0986.ch009.

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Szönyi, S., A. Cambon, H. J. Watzke, P. Schurtenberger, and E. Wehrli. "Multicomponent Vesicular Aggregates (MCVA): Spontaneous Vesiculation of Perfluorinated Single-Chain Surfactant Mixtures." In Springer Proceedings in Physics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84763-9_39.

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Conference papers on the topic "Surfactant aggregate"

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Tsui, Kenny, and Jennifer E. Wong. "Effect of Corrosion Inhibitor Active Components on Corrosion Inhibition in a Sweet Environment." In CORROSION 2010. NACE International, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2010-10326.

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Abstract In sweet corrosion, corrosion scales such as iron carbonate are formed on the internal surfaces of oil and gas production and transport systems. Depending on the type of corrosion inhibition program and the age of production system before chemical treatment is implemented, the presence of corrosion scale could affect the performance of the inhibitor. Previous work completed by the authors' company investigated the interaction of iron carbonate and three inhibitor actives - quaternary amine, imidazoline, and phosphate ester. This study is a continuation and examines two more generic co

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Mackenzie, Cameron D., Catherine Rowley-Williams, Clive L. H. Wilson, et al. "A Novel and Rapid System to Analyze Brines for the Optimum Functional Dose of Corrosion Inhibitor." In CORROSION 2011. NACE International, 2011. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2011-11071.

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Abstract Surfactant corrosion inhibitors are globally applied to upstream production systems in large quantities using batch or continuous treatments. Dosing levels are calculated based on available historical information, spot-testing and territorial or corporate guidelines. These predictions, if incorrect, can lead to critical losses in integrity or problematic emulsions in downstream processing. A number of previous reports have identified that the optimum chemical dose occurs at the Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) where surfactant aggregates form in the bulk solution. Within this fram

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Wang, H., B. Brown, S. Nesic, and A. Pailleret. "Effect of Inhibitor Concentration on the Adsorption and Inhibition Mechanism for Mica and Carbon Steel Studied by in Situ Atomic Force Microscopy." In CONFERENCE 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2023-19200.

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Abstract In the oil and gas industry, carbon steel is widely used in the construction of infrastructure, such as pipelines and tanks, for the transmission and storage of crude oil as well as petroleum products. This is due to its excellent mechanical properties, ease to work with, and low cost. However, it is vulnerable to corrosion. Ionic surfactant type of corrosion inhibitors have been widely applied against pipeline corrosion due to their high mitigation efficiency at low applied concentrations. Corrosion inhibition efficiency is closely related to the inhibitor adsorption mechanism. Howev

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Christesen, Steven D., Stephanie M. Garlick, and Fred R. Longo. "Microemulsion Aggregation Numbers Determined by Time-Resolved Luminescence." In Laser Applications to Chemical Analysis. Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/laca.1990.wb3.

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The time-resolved luminescence technique developed by Infelta et. al. 1 has been used to measure the aggregation numbers (number of surfactant molecules per aggregate) for microemulsions containing cetyltrimethylammonium bromid (CTAB) and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) as surfactants. Microemulsions are transparent dispersions of two immiscible liquids (e.g. oil and water) stabilized by an emulsifier comprising a surfactant and cosurfactant (Figure 1). The microemulsion aggregates typically have radii of 100-500 Angstroms. Microemulsions are being studied for possible use in decontamin

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Valenzuela, Elgueta, Yapur Ahualli, and Delgado Vicente. "Influence of cationic surfactants on the electrokinetic properties and stability of silica-kaolinite suspensions under copper hydrometallurgy conditions." In Proceedings of XVI International Mineral Processing and Recycling Conference, Belgrade, 28-30.05.2025. University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty, Bor, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5937/imprc25422v.

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Small particles, such as silica and clays, complicate hydrometallurgy by forming crud that floats or remains suspended. Adding surfactants may promote sedimentation, but requires evaluating their composition and dosage. This study uses dynamic electrophoretic mobility to assess CTAB adsorption on silica/kaolinite mixtures under low pH, high ionic strength, and particle concentrations above 3%. Electroacoustic analysis predicts surfactant effects on individual and mixed particles, aligning with sedimentation rates and size measurements. SEM images confirm aggregate formation with CTAB. Identify

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Coscia, Benjamin, Andrea Browning, Jeffrey Sanders, and Mat Halls. "Molecular simulation as a tool for the design of biosurfactant-based cosmetic formulations." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/jdlz5827.

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There is growing consumer-driven demand in the cosmetic industry to replace petroleum-based surfactants with environmentally friendly alternatives. Biologically derived surfactants, or biosurfactants, are a promising class of molecules which may be suitable towards this end. However, separate from challenges in producing these materials which have been increasingly addressed throughout the last decade, formulations built around these new surfactants must perform competitively compared to existing formulations. There are a number of subclasses of biosurfactant molecules and modifications which

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Marliere, Claire, Vincent Miralles, Claire Morgand, et al. "Surfactant-Polymer Compatibility in Bulk and Static Conditions vs. Confined and Under Flow Conditions." In SPE Conference at Oman Petroleum & Energy Show. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200074-ms.

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Abstract The objective of surfactant-polymer (SP) formulation design is to simultaneously achieve ultra-low interfacial tension and good mobility ratio. However, in some cases, the presence of both polymer and surfactant can cause compatibility issues leading to a cloudy or even demixing solution. Until now, those observations were made in bulk conditions but the assessment of this behavior has not been studied in confined and under flow conditions. Three SP compatibility cases were selected using the same SP formulation and playing on the brine salinity (low, medium and high). Bulk and kineti

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Bello, Ayomikun, Alexander Rodionov, Anastasia Ivanova, and Alexey Cheremisin. "Experimental Investigation and Molecular Dynamics of the Fluid-Fluid Interactions Between Binary Surfactant Systems for EOR." In GOTECH. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/219237-ms.

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Abstract This work aims to explore the properties and interactions between binary surfactant systems. We employed a methodology comprising experimental analysis, mathematical modeling, and molecular dynamics simulations. In the experimental study, we examined eight individual surfactants and six binary surfactant systems at various ratios to determine their critical micelle concentrations (CMCs), using reservoir oil and performing experiments at reservoir conditions. Then, Rubingh's Regular Solution Theory (RST) was applied to evaluate interactions within the binary surfactant mixtures. Finall

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Gutierrez, Gustavo, Juan Catan˜o, and Oscar Perales-Perez. "Development of a Magnetocaloric Pump Using a Mn-Zn Ferrite Ferrofluid." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13784.

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Magnetic fluids or ferrofluids are colloidal dispersions of magnetic nanoparticles in a liquid carrier. These nanoparticles have a specific size range in order to remain suspended in the liquid, about 3 to 15 nm. In this range Brownian motion (thermal molecular motion in the liquid) keeps the particles from settling out. Because magnetic particles tend to aggregate, and aggregates sediment faster than single particles, the particles are coated with a stabilizing dispersing agent. The surfactant must be matched to the carrier type and must overcome the attractive Van der Waals and magnetic forc

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Chen, Shaohua, Ming Han, Abdulkareem AlSofi, and Alhasan Fuseni. "Non-Ionic Surfactant Formulation with Ultra-Low Interfacial Tension at High-Temperature and High-Salinity Conditions." In SPE Conference at Oman Petroleum & Energy Show. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200273-ms.

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Abstract Non-ionic alkyl polyglucoside (APG) surfactants have been considered as eco-friendly, nontoxic and biodegradable surfactants. In this study, the physicochemical properties of two APG surfactants under high-temperature and high-salinity conditions were evaluated. The effectiveness of the surfactants as imbibition agents on improving oil production in carbonate reservoirs was investigated. A formulation with ultra-low interfacial tension (IFT) was introduced and the mechanisms resulting in such low IFT were probed and discussed. Two APG surfactants were studied. Compatibility was evalua

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