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Journal articles on the topic 'Surgery and Operation'

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Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 14 July 2025

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English, Dan C. "Surgery or operation." Postgraduate Medicine 80, no. 8 (1986): 229–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00325481.1986.11699648.

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Seretis, Konstantinos, Anastasia Boptsi, Eleni Boptsi, and Efstathios G. Lykoudis. "The Efficacy of Wide-Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet (WALANT) in Common Plastic Surgery Operations Performed on the Upper Limbs: A Case–Control Study." Life 13, no. 2 (2023): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13020442.

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Background: The wide-awake local anesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) technique is commonly used in elective hand surgery, whereas its application in plastic surgery is still limited. The aim of the study is to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of WALANT in common plastic surgery operations performed on the upper limbs. Methods: Patients who underwent those operations under WALANT were matched and compared with patients who had general or regional anesthesia without infiltration of a local anesthetic solution. All operations were performed by the same surgeon. Data from 98 operations were collected and analyzed for the total operation time, operation theatre time and complication and patient satisfaction rates. Results: All operations under WALANT, mainly skin tumor excision and flap repair or skin grafting and burn escharectomy with or without skin grafting, were completed successfully. No statistical difference in total operation time and complication rates was revealed. Statistical significance favoring WALANT was identified regarding the mean operation theatre time and patient satisfaction. Conclusions: WALANT is an effective method for common plastic surgery operations performed on the upper limbs that is associated with better operation theatre occupancy and high patient satisfaction rates.

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BAKHTIAR,, NIGHAT, MASOOD JAWAID,, ABDUL KHALIQUE,, and Pervez Iqbal,. "UTILIZATION OF OPERATION THEATRE;." Professional Medical Journal 20, no. 06 (2013): 1048–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2013.20.06.1780.

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Objective: To find out the number and variety of different surgeries performed at the operation theatre of the Dow UniversityHospital. Methods: From January 2011 to December 2011, hospital operation theatre record was reviewed. Main outcome measureswere age, gender, medical record (MR) number, name of operations with their indications, specialty and type of anesthesia used duringthe procedure, type of surgery. Monthly trend of surgeries were also evaluated. Results: The total numbers of operations performedduring first year of operation theatre working were 539 cases. Number of emergency surgeries done was 42 (7.79%) and elective were497 (92.2%).Surgeries performed by General Surgery, Gynecology and Plastic surgery department were 319 (59.18%), 61 (11.3%), 54(10.0%). MR Number was not present in record register in 306 (56.7%) cases, indication for surgery was not written in 274 (50.8%)cases and name of surgery was missing in 18 (3.3%) cases. The most common case performed were different types of biopsies whileother common cases performed in the year 2011 were incision and drainage, cholecystectomies and hernia repair. Conclusions: Therecord maintained was overall satisfactory however needs further improvement. Computerization of records with training of staff aboutits proper maintenance can improve its quality with international standards.

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Haapio, E., I. Kinnunen, J. K. E. Airaksinen, H. Irjala, and T. Kiviniemi. "Determinants of re-operation for bleeding in head and neck cancer surgery." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 132, no. 4 (2018): 336–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215118000294.

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AbstractObjective:Post-operative bleeding in the head and neck area is potentially fatal. This ‘real world’ study sought to assess factors that increase the risk of re-operation for post-operative bleeding in head and neck cancer surgery.Methods:A total of 456 patients underwent surgery for head and neck cancer (591 operations). The primary endpoint was re-operation for bleeding.Results:The rate of re-operation for bleeding was 5 per cent of all operations. Re-operation for bleeding was an independent risk factor for 30-day mortality (odds ratio = 5.27, p = 0.014). Risk factors for re-operation because of bleeding included excessive (more than 4000 ml) fluid administration (over 24 hours) (p < 0.001), heavy alcohol consumption (p = 0.014), pre-operative oncological treatment (p = 0.017), advanced disease stage (p = 0.020) and higher tumour (T) classification (p = 0.034). Operations with more excessive bleeding (700 ml or more) were associated with an increased risk (p = 0.001) of re-operation for post-operative bleeding. Moreover, the risk of re-operation was significantly higher in patients undergoing microvascular surgery compared to those who had no oncological treatment pre-operatively (18 vs 6 per cent, p = 0.001).Conclusion:The 30-day mortality risk increased over 5-fold in patients undergoing re-operation for bleeding.

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Ruchkin, Dmitry Valerievich, Valentin Aleksandrovich Kozlov, and Anna Aleksandrovna Zavarueva. "Reconstructive Gastroplasty in Postgastrectomy Surgery." Journal of Experimental and Clinical Surgery 12, no. 1 (2019): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18499/2070-478x-2019-12-1-10-16.

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Objective. The compensation of digestive disorder in patients who already had gastric operation by using jejuno(colo)gastroplasty at re-reconstruction of the digestive tract.Methods. During 2012-17 in Vishnevsky surgery institute 33 repeated operation were conducted on the patients who had already had resection and antireflux gastric operations. As a repeated operation was conducted jejunogastroplasty in 31 (93,9%) cases, after distal gastrectomy - 8 (24,3%) from them; after gastric stump removal - 7 (21,2%), after еsophagojejuno anastomosis resection - в 2 (6,1%). Also 3 (9,1%) patients were operated on using interposition of the discharge loop into the duodenum: 2 - after gastrectomy with Braun and Roux-en-Y и 1 - after Distal gastrectomy, Hoffmeister. Esophagogastro anastomosis resection; jejunogastroplasty in Merendino-Dillard were conducted on 11 (33,3%) patients. A segment of transverse colon as a plastic material was used on 2 (6,1%) patients: у 1 - after gastric stump removal, у 1 - after еsophagojejuno anastomosis resection.Results. In the early postoperative period 2 (6,1%) patients had surgical complications: one had Partial esophagojejunо anastomosis leakage, the other - under diaphragmatic abscess. One fatal case from progressing multiple organ failure was recorded in the first 24 hours. By the end of the research 28 (84,8%) of 33 patients stayed under the surveillance. The examining of the patients revealed good results after the operation of 21 (75,0%) patients and satisfactory results after the operation of 7 (25,0%) patients. Conclusion. We believe that principles proposed of physiological reconstruction of the digestive tract are universal for primary gastric interventions as well as for repeated ones. It is worth noting that the repeated operations don’t always fully remove clinical manifestations diseases of the operated stomach but significantly decrease their severity by strengthening the patients physically by restoration of physiological passage of food and the expansion of the nutrition.

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Fishman, M. B. "MODIFIED METHOD OF LAPAROSCOPIC GASTRIC BYPASS SURGERY." Grekov's Bulletin of Surgery 176, no. 2 (2017): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/0042-4625-2017-176-2-100-106.

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OBJECTIVE. The study aimed to improve the results of gastric bypass surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The article analyzed the results of surgical treatment of 342 patients with metabolic syndrome who underwent operation at the period from 2008 to 2016.The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the type of operation. The first group included 224 (65,4 %) patients who underwent standard surgery LGB using Lontron procedure. The second group numbered 118 (34,5 %) patients whom LGB operation with ARC (the original method) were performed. The efficacy of operation was evaluated in different terms (after 3-month, one year and 3 years). The article described in detail and showed the technique of proposed modified operation of gastric bypass surgery. RESULTS. The proposed method of operative treatment was validated by researches performed. There was demonstrated higher efficacy of operations compared with the standard gastric bypass surgery. CONCLUSIONS. The operation of modified laparoscopic gastric bypass with formation of antireflux valve allowed clinicians to improve the results, decrease the number of complications and have a strong influence on main components of metabolic syndrome.

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Rosemurgy, Alexander S., Carrie E. Ryan, Richard L. Klein, Thomas W. Wood, Franka Co, and Sharona B. Ross. "Financial Benefits of a Hepatopancreaticobiliary Program." American Surgeon 82, no. 5 (2016): 380–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313481608200509.

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Financial implications of developing a hepatopancreaticobiliary (HPB) center have not been considered. We undertook this study to determine hospital income associated with a new HPB center and to gauge the opportunity cost associated with such a center. Operations included were based on the HPB fellowship curriculum and the six most commonly undertaken general surgery operations. The income with “core” HPB operations (n = 93) and the six most frequently undertaken general surgery operations (n = 583) at one hospital from June 2012 to June 2013 were determined. Patients were not screened based on the ability to pay. Data are reported as mean ± standard deviation. Per operation, hospital income with HPB operations and general surgery operations were $15,583.20 ± $45,909.41 and $5,162.22 ± $33,679.10 ( P < 0.005), respectively. Accordingly, net incomes of $1,449,238.04 (n = 93) and $3,009,572.78 (n = 583) were observed. Although general surgery operations are ubiquitous, HPB centers are uncommonly pursued at most hospitals, in part due to the patient volumes necessary to meet the expertise required. A “core” HPB operation produces triple the net income of a general surgery operation. Accordingly, significant financial benefit is achievable with the development of an HPB center when adequate volume is realized.

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Ramji, Alim F., Maxwell T. Trudeau, Michael R. Mancini, Matthew R. LeVasseur, Adam D. Lindsay, and Augustus D. Mazzocca. "A Case-Control Study of Hip Fracture Surgery Timing and Mortality at an Academic Hospital: Day Surgery May Be Safer than Night Surgery." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 16 (2021): 3538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10163538.

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Time from hospital admission to operative intervention has been consistently demonstrated to have a significant impact on mortality. Nonetheless, the relationship between operative start time (day versus night) and associated mortality has not been thoroughly investigated. Methods: All patients who underwent hip fracture surgery at a single academic institution were retrospectively analyzed. Operative start times were dichotomized: (1) day operation—7 a.m. to 4 p.m.; (2) night operation—4 p.m. to 7 a.m. Outcomes between the two groups were evaluated. Results: Overall, 170 patients were included in this study. The average admission to operating room (OR) time was 26.0 ± 18.0 h, and 71.2% of cases were performed as a day operation. The overall 90-day mortality rate was 7.1% and was significantly higher for night operations (18.4% vs. 2.5%; p = 0.001). Following multivariable logistic regression analysis, only night operations were independently associated with 90-day mortality (aOR 8.91, 95% confidence interval 2.19–33.22; p = 0.002). Moreover, these patients were significantly more likely to return to the hospital within 50 days (34.7% vs. 19.0%; p = 0.029) and experience mortality prior to discharge (8.2% vs. 0.8%; p = 0.025). Notably, admission to OR time was not associated with in-hospital mortality (29.22 vs. 25.90 h; p = 0.685). Hip fracture surgery during daytime operative hours may minimize mortalities.

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Tsutsumi, Osamu, and Yuji Taketani. "Laser Surgery in Gynecologic Operation." JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR LASER SURGERY AND MEDICINE 15, no. 4 (1994): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2530/jslsm1980.15.4_25.

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Bohner, Petra, Catherina Holler, and Stefan Haszlig;feld. "Operation Planning in Craniomaxillofacial Surgery." Computer Aided Surgery 2, no. 3-4 (1997): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10929089709148108.

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Mori, Naoki, and Yoshito Akagi. "Operation Record of Esophageal Surgery." Japanese Journal of Gastroenterological Surgery 53, no. 7 (2020): 612–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5833/jjgs.2020.sr022.

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Bohner, Petra, Catherina Holler, and Stefan Haßfeld. "Operation planning in craniomaxillofacial surgery." Computer Aided Surgery 2, no. 3-4 (1997): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0150(1997)2:3/4<153::aid-igs2>3.0.co;2-y.

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Ax, M., A. Reito, M. Koskimaa, A. Uutela, and J. Paloneva. "Scheduled Emergency Trauma Operation: The Green Line Orthopedic Trauma Surgery Process Of Care." Scandinavian Journal of Surgery 108, no. 3 (2018): 250–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1457496918803015.

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Background and Aims: Traditionally, patients requiring an orthopedic emergency operation were admitted to an inpatient ward to await surgery. This often led to congestion of wards and operation rooms while, for less urgent traumas, the time spent waiting for the operation often became unacceptably long. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the flow of patients coded green in a traffic light–based coding process aimed at decreasing the burden on wards and enabling a scheduled emergency operation in Central Finland Hospital. Materials and Methods: Operation urgency was divided into three categories: green (>48 h), yellow (8–48 h), and red (<8 h). Patients, who had sustained an orthopedic trauma requiring surgery, but not inpatient care (green), were assigned an operation via green line process. They were discharged until the operation, which was scheduled to take place during office hours. Results: Between January 2010 and April 2015, 1830 green line process operations and 5838 inpatient emergency operations were performed. The most common green line process diagnoses were distal radial fracture (15.4% of green line process), (postoperative) complications (7.7%), and finger fractures (4.9%). The most common inpatient emergency operation diagnosis was hip fracture (24.3%). Green line process and inpatient emergency operation patients differed in age, physical status, diagnoses, and surgical procedures. Conclusion: The system was found to be a safe and effective method of implementing orthopedic trauma care. It has the potential to release operation room time for more urgent surgery, shorten the time spent in hospital, and reduce the need to operate outside normal office hours.

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Kurygin, A. A., V. V. Semenov, and I. S. Tarbaev. "Hartmann’s operation: 100 years in surgery." Grekov's Bulletin of Surgery 179, no. 2 (2020): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/0042-4625-2020-179-2-85-87.

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The first idea of stage operations for colon cancer was introduced in 1898 by G. F. Ceidler. The first stage of treatment, he recommended the formation of colostoma above the tumor. At the 30th Congress of French Surgeons in 1921 in Strasbourg, H. Hartmann, a surgeon from Paris, reported on the successful treatment of two patients with cancer of the left half of the colon. In the domestic literature, there were different names of Hartmann’s operation. The first report of its performance in our country belongs to N. N. Petrov, who called this intervention operation Coffey – Hartmann (1929) or the single-step intraperitoneal operation by Hartmann (1939). For many decades, the term «obstructive colon resection» has been widely used in foreign and domestic literature. A two-stage operation under this name was developed and practiced by the American surgeon F.W. Rankin in 1928. At the same time, obstructive resection of the colon by Rankin can be performed only in a planned order, unlike Hartmann’s operation, which is carried out also in case of acute colon obstruction. Thus, the following names of surgical interventions using H. Hartmann’s name are valid and terminologically correct: Hartmann’s sigmoid resection (with formation of a flat sigmostoma and suturing of the sigmoid stump); Hartmann’s resection of the sigmoid and rectum (with formation of a flat sigmostoma and suturing of the stump of the supra-ampular or ampular parts of the rectum); left-sided hemicolectomy of Hartmann type (with formation of flat transversostoma and suturing of sigmoid stump); transverse colon resection of Hartmann type (with formation of flat transversostoma and suturing of transverse colon stump).

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Dietze, Holger, and Marina Kruse. "Postoperative Stabilität der Refraktion nach Katarakt-Operation." Optometry & Contact Lenses 1, no. 1 (2021): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54352/dozv.oeec9554.

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Aim. The goal of the present study is to determine how much time must pass after a cataract surgery with no complications to achieve a sufficiently stable refraction. Subjects and methods. We measured the postoperative refraction of 61 pseudophakic subjects (mean age: 74.32 ± 7.11 years) five times with an autorefractor. The subjects had undergone unilateral cataract surgery and the time intervals for the measurement went from one day to eight weeks after the operation. In order to obtain the spherical equiva- lent (SE) and the cylinder power, the difference from each measurement and the last measurement in the seventh or eighth week post-surgery was taken. The Friedman test for paired samples was used to see if there were any significant differences in spherical equivalent and cylinder power in the 5 measurements taken. In addition, two repeated measure- ments were taken on one eye of 16 phakic subjects with good ocular health pertaining to a similar age group to determine the measurement uncertainty of the autorefractor (± 1.96 SD for the measured value differences). Results. In the case of the spherical equivalent, we found no statistically significant difference between the individual re- peated test series. The cylinder power was significantly higher on the first day after the operation than during all subsequent appointments, but then showed no significant difference between all measurements taken during the examinations after the first day. The differences in the spherical equivalent between one measurement and the reference measurement (7 - 8 weeks after the surgery) resulted in 95 % confidence intervals (± 1.96 SD) of approximately ± 2.00 dioptres (D) on the first day post-surgery and lay between ± 1.20 D and ± 0.80 D in post-surgery weeks 1, 3 and 5. The corresponding con- fidence intervals for the cylinder power were ± 2.00 D on the first day post-surgery and lay between ± 1.27 D and ± 0.88 D in post-surgery weeks 1, 3 and 5. The statistical dispersion of the spherical equivalent and the cylinder power decreased slightly as the time from the surgery increased. We estimated a measurement uncertainty for automated refractometry performed on older phakic eyes of ± 0.80 D for the spherical equivalent and ± 1.16 D for the cylinder power. Conclusion. The refractive power of a pseudophakic eye can be determined with sufficient certainty after one to three weeks after undergoing cataract surgery without compli- cations. This means that optical aids to correct any residual refractive error or presbyopia can be prescribed earlier than before and, hence, the number of follow-up appointments required to measure a stable refraction can be reduced. Keywords Cataract, postoperative refraction, refraction measurement, repeated automated refractometry, Intraocular lenses (IOL)

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Draca, Petar, Stamenko Miljkovic, and Branislava Jakovljevic. "Abdominal sling surgery: Artificial sacro-uterine ligament." Medical review 55, no. 7-8 (2002): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0208279d.

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Abdominal sling surgery is defined as attachment of either the connective tissue graft (fascia lata) or some synthetic material (Mersilene) to the anterior wall of the exposed vaginal vault following total hysterectomy or to the posterior wall of the uterine cervix in total and subtotal uterine prolapse, whereas the other end is attached to the anterior longitudinal ligament extending along the anterior surface of the vertebrae. Our analysis comprised 45 operations: 20 cases of vaginal vault prolapse following vaginal hysterectomy; 7 cases of vaginal vault prolapse following HTA: 2 cases of prolapse following subtotal hysterectomy; 3 cases of nondefined TH 2 cases following Burch operation; 1 following Kocher; 1 following Manchester, 1 following Neugebauer-Le For operation in which HTA was performed 2 times. Abdominal sling operation was associated with the following surgical procedures: sling in 13 cases, sling + douglasorrhaphy in 16 cases, sling + douglasorrhaphy + colpoperineoplastics in 6 cases, sling colpoperineoplastics in 9 cases and sling + Marshall Marcetti in 1 case. Recurrence of enterocele was recorded in 5 patients in whom closure of the douglas pouch had not been performed. This procedure was therefore later included into our approach to the operation. The abdominal sling operation has been a logical and physiologic approach to surgical therapy of genital prolapse, particulary of the vaginal vault prolapse following total hysterectomy. This operation ensures subsequent normal sexual relations.

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Kuznetsov, Nikolay A. "Prognosis of outcomes in planned surgery." Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal) 96, no. 1 (2018): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0023-2149-2018-96-1-49-54.

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The article is devoted to the problem of prognostication in planned surgery. In the course of stratification of operational risk, 16 perioperative prognostic criteria were identified, the formula of individual quantitative prognosis of planned operations in patients with benign and malignant diseases of the thoracic and abdominal cavity organs was developed, 5 types of operational prognosis were formulated. The described feature of the decision-making about the operation of the "problem" patients - shown to be prognostic indicators of high perioperative mortality should be regarded not as a pretext for refusing the operation, and as an incentive for carrying out an adequate preoperative therapy.

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Marochkov, Aleksei V., V. G. Pechersky, A. L. Lipnitski, A. I. Abelevich, and A. A. Artiukhova. "SPINAL ANESTHESIA AND CORTISOL LEVEL IN PATIENTS WITH LOWER LIMB SURGERY." Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management 12, no. 2 (2018): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1993-6508-2018-12-2-91-97.

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Objective: to evaluate the possibility of the cortisol control in patients with lower limb surgery of various degrees of trauma, as a criterion for achieving an absolutely effective analgesia. Materials and methods. In 15 patients of both sexes aged between 29 and 68 years (57 (53; 61)), 15 operations were performed on the lower extremities (knee replacement - 2, hip replacement - 3, metal osteosynthesis - 4, knee arthroscopy - 6). For analgesia was used spinal anesthesia with 0.5% solution of bupivacaine and levobupivacaine 2.5-3.0 ml. In all patients, effective anesthesia was achieved. The control of the cortisol level was carried out by the method of radioimmune analysis at 4 stages of the study: 1 stage - before surgery, on the operating table; Stage 2 - 30-40 minutes after the beginning of the operation; Stage 3 - the end of the operation, suturing of the skin; Stage 4 - 2 hours after the operation. The obtained data were processed quantitatively using nonparametric analysis. Results. Before the operation, the cortisol in the blood serum was 747.6 (507.4; 807.1) nmol/l. After 30-40 minutes after the beginning of the operation, the cortisol level decreased to 655.5 (512.2; 876.8) nmol/l, but no significant differences were found compared to the level of cortisol before the operation. At the end of the operation, the level of cortisol in the study group was 686.5 (470.1; 856.6) nmol/l and did not differ significantly with the stages before and during the operation. Two hours after the operation, there was an increase in cortisol to 760.4 (517.6; 842.1) nmol/l, but there was no significant differences compared to serum cortisol before and during surgery. Conclusion. Control of cortisol level shows the effectiveness of anesthesia in operations of varying severity.

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Laios, Konstantinos, Marilita M. Moschos, and George Androutsos. "George Critchett (1817-1882) and His Son George Anderson Critchett (1845-1925)." Surgical Innovation 24, no. 1 (2016): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1553350616677501.

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George Critchett (1817-1882) and his son George Anderson Critchett (1845-1925) have influenced the development of ophthalmology and ocular surgery for about a century. They presented new ocular operations such as Critchett’s advancement operation, Critchett’s corneal staphyloma operation, and Critchett’s keratoconus operation, and they invented new surgical instruments such as Critchett’s cataract knife, Critchett’s scissors, and Critchett’s fixation forceps. Both were delicate ocular surgeons managing complex and difficult surgeries.

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Awad, J., A. Awad, Y. Wong, and S. Thomas. "Unilateral Visual Loss after a Nasal Airway Surgery." Clinical Medicine Insights: Case Reports 6 (January 2013): CCRep.S11158. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/ccrep.s11158.

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Septoplasty and turbinoplasty are common ear, nose, throat (ENT) operations which generally have low complication rates. A 45-year-old man had a septoplasty operation and a right turbinoplasty operation under a combined general and local anesthetic. He woke from the procedure with a reduced visual acuity in the right eye and substantial inferior visual field loss. A review of the current literature focuses on the vasospasm effects of local anesthetic, in combination with epinephrine on the intricately linked nasal and orbital vascular supply.

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Gupta, Richa, and Prashant K. Bawankule. "Operation Theater Sterilization and Modular Operation Theater." Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology 33, no. 3 (2023): 266–76. https://doi.org/10.4103/dljo.dljo_149_23.

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Sterilization holds the most important role in ophthalmic practice. The slow but steady change in sterilization technique over the decades has revolutionized today’s ophthalmic surgery as well as its outcome. Here, in this article, we will discuss all the important aspects of sterilization in an ophthalmic operation theater (OT). We will also discuss the meaning, need, and peculiarities of a modular ophthalmic OT.

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G., V. "Functional test of the heart before surgery." Kazan medical journal 20, no. 5 (2021): 547. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj76604.

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When establishing indications for various operations, it is often important to find out whether the patient's heart is able to withstand the operation and the anesthesia associated with it, and also what method should be chosen in this case for anesthesia.

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Kurbaniyazov, Zafar Babajanovich. "Optimization Of Tactical And Technical Aspects Of Surgery Of Abdominal Hernia And Combined Pathology Of The Abdominal Cavity Organs." American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research 03, no. 04 (2021): 76–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajmspr/volume03issue04-11.

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The results of surgical treatment of 197 patients with ventral hernias were analyzed, while 104 (52.8%) patients underwent simultaneous operations to correct the surgical pathology of the abdominal cavity organs and the anterior abdominal wall. In 20.1% of patients, the simultaneous stage of the operation was performed using a separate minilaparotomic approach. Tension alloplasty methods were performed in 48.2%, non-tension methods - in 51.8%, while 26.4% of patients underwent dermatolipidectomy. The study of the level of stress hormones during simultaneous operations on the abdominal cavity and abdominal wall organs in patients with ventral hernia showed that the degree of surgical aggression in most cases was influenced by the "tension" method of plasty of the anterior abdominal wall and the duration of the operation. Performing the stage of the operation to correct the pathology of the abdominal organs did not significantly affect the level of stress hormones.

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Ahmed, Maria, Sonal Arora, Stephanie Russ, Ara Darzi, Charles Vincent, and Nick Sevdalis. "Operation Debrief." Annals of Surgery 258, no. 6 (2013): 958–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sla.0b013e31828c88fc.

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Bermudez, Luis E., and Ana K. Lizarraga. "Operation Smile." Annals of Plastic Surgery 67, no. 3 (2011): 205–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sap.0b013e318212f1b7.

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Motegi, Kimihiko. "L-space surgery and twisting operation." Algebraic & Geometric Topology 16, no. 3 (2016): 1727–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2140/agt.2016.16.1727.

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Krayenbuehl, H. P. "Timing of operation for valve surgery." Current Opinion in Cardiology 1, no. 5 (1986): 712–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00001573-198609000-00024.

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Rovner, Eric S., and Brett D. Lebed. "Stress incontinence surgery: which operation when?" Current Opinion in Urology 19, no. 4 (2009): 362–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mou.0b013e32832a1f46.

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Wright, Jessica. "Surgery: The eyes of the operation." Nature 502, no. 7473 (2013): S88—S89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/502s88a.

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Khajuria, Ankur, and Declan Collins. "Checklists in burns surgery operation notes." Burns 46, no. 3 (2020): 737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2019.03.022.

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Gruszecki, Paweł, and Kazimierz Pityński. "Nerve-sparing surgery in current gynecologic oncology." Current Gynecologic Oncology 19, no. 1 (2021): e27-e32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15557/cgo.2021.0005.

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Nerve-sparing surgery is currently a very important topic in gynecologic oncology. In this review, it is shown that radical hysterectomy is not the only operation where the nerve-sparing technique can be used. Most surgical procedures in modern gynecologic oncology should spare the autonomic nerve structures. The review includes recently published articles precisely describing the nerve-sparing techniques in paraaortic and pelvic lymphadenectomy, and the modern approach to radical nerve-sparing hysterectomy. It has been shown in the literature that the quality of life of patients is directly dependent on the operation technique and its extension. As mentioned above, the nerve-sparing technique needs to be used not only in surgical procedures for cervical cancer, but more extensively also for endometrial and ovarian cancers. Modern techniques demonstrate that such an operation can be suitable both for the radicality and improved quality of life. Results of such operations are comparable to the old – not nerve-sparing techniques – both in terms of progression-free survival and overall survival. Nerve-sparing surgery in gynecologic oncology is our future. Better quality of life and greater patient satisfaction should be our goals. Studies are needed for better examination and comparison of the presented systematic nerve-sparing operations of lymphadenectomy in ovarian and endometrial cancers, and also combined with nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy.

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Katerov, V. I. "Active surgery (collapse therapy) in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis." Kazan medical journal 26, no. 5-6 (2020): 598–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj52503.

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Of all the currently used types of surgical intervention in the treatment of pulmonary tbc, as you know, the most common and justified are actually 3 operations: a) virtually bloodless intervention - artificial pneumothorax (pneum.), B) almost bloodless and technically easy operation - frenico -exeresis and, finally, c) bloody, serious and technically difficult operation - extensive thoraco-plasty. Despite the significant difference in the technique of these operations, they are all based on one general idea collapse therapy, that is, the desire to obtain a therapeutic effect by more or less significant compression and immobilization of the affected lung. I will not touch upon the technique and clinic of these operations here, but I will dwell briefly on the fundamental side of this method of treatment, on the essence of the action of collapse therapy (col. Ter.).

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Bashar, Md Abul, Mohammad Ali, Kazi lsrat Jahan, Zahidur Rahman, and Mahbub Murshed. "Breast Surgery under Thoracic Epidural Analgesia." Journal of Surgical Sciences 21, no. 1 (2019): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jss.v21i1.43836.

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Background: Operations on breast are routinely performed under general anesthesia. Avariety of local and regional techniques have been described for breast surgery with thegoal of reducing the complications associated with general anaesthesia. Objective: To assess the feasibility of thoracic epidural anaesthesia as sole anesthetictechnique for breast surgery. Methods: This study was conducted on 32 cooperative female patients of age group42-55 year. T5-T6 or T4-T5 space was used for insertion of epidural catheter. lnjLidocaine 2% 12 ml was injected through the catheter as anaesthetic agent. lnj Tramadol50- 100 mg used epidurally for postoperative relief till 48 hours postoperatively.Demographic characteristics of the study population, any coexisting disease, type ofsurgery performed, duration of surgery, degree of intraoperative analgesia, incidence ofcomplications related to TEA, and its efficacy in postoperative pain relief were observedand analysed. Results: Out of 32 patients most of them (11) were in between 51-55 years. 10 out of32 had coexisting disease. 5 patient had hypertension and one had asthma. Modifiedradical mastectomy (MRM) was most frequently performed operation (24). 21 patientcomplained no pain during the operation and 5 patient complained mild discomforttowards end of operation. 4 patient developed bradycardia during the operation whichwas managed by inj. Atropin. Post operative analgesia was satisfactory. Conclusion: Midthoracic epidural anaesthesia technique is a safe alternative acceptablemethod for various breast surgery with excellent postoperative pain relief and earlyrecovery. Journal of Surgical Sciences (2017) Vol. 21 (1) :29-32

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Stroop, Ralf, Fernando Carballar, Samer Zawy Alsofy, et al. "Assessment of Obesity as Risk Factor of Lumbar Disc Surgery: Retrospective Analysis of 598 Cases and Simulated Surgery on 3D-Printed Models." Journal of Clinical Medicine 13, no. 14 (2024): 4193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144193.

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(1) Background: Obesity poses known risks in surgery, including a prolonged operation time and postoperative complications. Given the rising obesity rates and frequent lumbar disc surgeries, understanding these risks is crucial. This study aims to assess the impact of obesity on operation duration and postoperative complications in lumbar disc prolapse surgery. (2) Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 598 patients with monosegmental disc herniation, correlating their body mass index (BMI) as a surrogate parameter for obesity with operation time. Excluding complex cases (multi-segmental herniations or recurrent herniations), complication rates and hospital stays were recorded. Simulated surgeries on 3D-printed models of varying obesity levels examined operation times and instrument suitability. (3) Results: Of these patients, 438 patients had a BMI of <30, and 160 patients had a BMI of ≥30. Complication rates showed no significant differences between groups. Linear regression analysis failed to establish a sole dependency of operation time on BMI, with R2 = 0.039 for the normal-weight group (BMI < 30) and R2 = 0.059 for the obese group (BMI ≥ 30). The simulation operations on the 3D-printed models of varying degrees of obesity showed a significant increase in the simulated operation time with higher levels of obesity. A geometrically inadequate set of surgical instruments was assumed to be a significant factor in the simulated increase in operating time. (4) Conclusions: While various factors influence operation time, obesity alone does not significantly increase it. However, simulated surgeries highlighted the impact of obesity, particularly on instrument limitations. Understanding these complexities is vital for optimizing surgical outcomes in obese patients.

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Parkhomenko, K. Yu. "Dynamics of C-reactive protein blood level after herniolastics and simultaneous operations depending on the methods of perioperative support." Medicine Today and Tomorrow 88, no. 3 (2020): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.35339/msz.2020.88.03.07.

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The dynamics of C-reactive protein (CRP) blood level after hemioplasty and simultaneous interventions with principles of "Fast-track surgery" in the perioperative period was studied. The dynamics of CRP blood level in 60 patients in whom the principles of "Fast-track surgery" were applied, including a thorough examination before the operation to diagnose combined abdominal pathology and clinically significant general somatic pathology; if necessary, prescribe a course of therapy for full compensation of general somatic pathology; during the operation of epidural prolonged anesthesia; choice in favor of laparoscopic technology; at the end of the operation of irrigation of the subphrenic space by local anesthetic; after surgery: early removal of drainage, opioid withdrawal with the appointment of parenteral paracetamol; in inguinal hemioplasty – prolonged local anesthesia after surgery; activation of the patient in 6-8 hours after operation; on the day of surgery – the use of chewing gum and fluid intake and from the first day – intake of low-calorie liquid food. Traditional perioperative management methods were used in 67 patients. It was found that in patients who underwent hernia plastics, there is an increase in the concentration of CRP in the postoperative period, which is one of the manifestations of the systemic inflammatory response, and especially pronounced after simultaneous operations. The use of the principles of «Fast-track surgery» in the complex of perioperative support contributes to better normalization of CRP concentration and faster elimination of the manifestations of systemic inflammatory response. Keywords: hemioplasty, simultaneous operations, C-reactive protein, "Fast-track surgery".

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Onder, Tolga, and Merih Altiok. "Energy Devices in Thyroidectomy: A Safe and Effective Alternative to Conventional Methods." Medical Science and Discovery 10, no. 10 (2023): 784–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.36472/msd.v10i10.1055.

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Objective: The most feared complications of thyroid surgery, which is one of the most performed operations of endocrine surgery, are hoarseness due to recurrent nerve damage and hematoma formation in the neck. With the advancement of technology, the use of energy devices has increased during thyroid operations. However, there are different opinions about using energy devices during thyroid operations. Our study aimed to examine the reliability of energy use in thyroid operations. Material and Methods: The data of 144 patients who underwent thyroid surgery for various reasons were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into 2 groups, those who used energy devices during the operation and those who were operated with the conventional method. Demographic data of the patients, duration of operation, complication rates were evaluated comparatively. Result: The majority of patients were women. It was observed that the operation time was shorter, and the amount of bleeding was less in the group in which the energy device was used (p≤0.001). It was determined that the duration of hospital stay of the patients was significantly longer in the conventional surgery group (p≤0.001). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of incision lengths. Likewise, there was no difference between the two groups in terms of complication development frequency. Postoperative verbal pain score was significantly higher in the group operated on by conventional method (p≤0.001). Conclusion: Energy devices can be used safely in thyroid surgery with less hospital stay, less postoperative pain levels, better bleeding control and complication rates similar to conventional surgery.

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Cruddas, Lucinda. "What is the Relationship Between Chronic Heart Failure and Operation size? A systematic Review." Journal of Clinical Surgery and Research 4, no. 1 (2023): 01–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2768-2757/064.

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Background: Heart failure is a chronic progressive failure of the heart muscle to pump blood to meet the body’s oxygen demands. Heart failure impacts on perioperative outcomes of non-cardiac surgery, with higher risks of post-operative complications and mortality. The aim of this study was to review current clinical evidence to assess if there was a relationship between heart failure, operation size and post operative outcomes Methods: PRISMA guidelines were implemented to complete a systematic review. The review was pre-registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (ID: CRD42022313897). PubMed was searched from 1940 to 2022 using the terms “heart failure”, “noncardiac surgery”, “thyroid surgery”, “breast surgery”, “asymptomatic carotid endarterectomy”, “hernia”, “cholecystectomy”. “laparoscopy”, laparotomy”, “peripheral angioplasty”, “EVAR”, “neck of femur”, “abdominal aortic aneurysm”, and “lower extremity revascularisation”. Inclusion criteria included: experimental and observational studies; pre operative diagnosis of heart failure; 30d morbidity and mortality; non cardiac surgery. Results: 47 articles relevant to the inclusion criteria were analysed. Five studies assessed low risk operations; 29 assessed intermediate risk operations; 8 assessed high risk operations; 5 assessed intermediate and high-risk operations. For low, intermediate and high-risk operations, heart failure was associated with a statistically significant increased risk of mortality and morbidity (p lessthan0.05). Conclusions: Heart failure is associated with increased morbidity and mortality independent of operation size or risk. Challenges remain in assessing the relationship between heart failure and operation outcome due to variations in disease spectrum and the impact of additional co-morbidities.

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Mrowczynski, Wojciech, Michal Wojtalik, Danuta Zawadzka, et al. "Infection Risk Factors in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery." Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals 10, no. 4 (2002): 329–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/021849230201000411.

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Cardiac operations were preformed in 499 children from January 1998 through December 1999. Their median age was 263 days. A positive culture from blood, bronchoalveolar lavage, wound, or central catheter was obtained in 110 patients (22%). Age, sex, presence of pulmonary hypertension, body surface area, ratio of body surface area to oxygenator surface area, whether heart surgery was open or closed, and the duration of the operation, cardiopulmonary bypass, intubation, and intensive care were analyzed. Patients who developed infections were significantly younger, with smaller body surface areas and disparity with the oxygenator surface area, longer operative and bypass times, extended intubation, and prolonged intensive care. There was a significant correlation between infection and pulmonary hypertension. Sex and type of operation were not predictors of infection.

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Waterford, Stephen D., and Niv Ad. "Surgery for Cardiac Arrhythmias: Past, Present, Future." Rambam Maimonides Medical Journal 15, no. 1 (2024): e0002. http://dx.doi.org/10.5041/rmmj.10516.

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There is a rich history of surgery for cardiac arrhythmias, spanning from atrial fibrillation and Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome to inappropriate sinus tachycardia and ventricular tachycardia. This review describes the history of these operations, their evolution over time, and the current state of practice. We devote considerable time to the discussion of atrial fibrillation, the most common cardiac arrhythmia addressed by surgeons. We discuss ablation of atrial fibrillation as a stand-alone operation and as a concomitant operation performed at the time of cardiac surgery. We also discuss the emergence of newer procedures to address atrial fibrillation in the past decade, such as the convergent procedure and totally thoracoscopic ablation, and their outcomes relative to historic approaches such as the Cox maze procedure.

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WILBRAND, S., A. EKBOM, and B. GERDIN. "The Sex Ratio and Rate of Reoperation for Dupuytren’s Contracture in Men and Women." Journal of Hand Surgery 24, no. 4 (1999): 456–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/jhsb.1999.0154.

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We identified all patients treated by local fasciectomy at the Department of Hand Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital between 1965 and 1996. A total of 2375 operations were performed on 1600 patients. We found a male: female ratio of 5.9:1. Women had a higher mean age at first operation (62.4 years) than men (59.8 years). One-third of the men required repeated surgery and one-quarter of the women. Early age at first operation was associated with recurrent disease.

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Sigmundsson, Freyr Gauti, Anders Joelson, and Fredrik Strömqvist. "Additional operations after surgery for lumbar disc prolapse." Bone & Joint Journal 104-B, no. 5 (2022): 627–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.104b5.bjj-2021-1706.r2.

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Aims Lumbar disc prolapse is a frequent indication for surgery. The few available long-term follow-up studies focus mainly on repeated surgery for recurrent disease. The aim of this study was to analyze all reasons for additional surgery for patients operated on for a primary lumbar disc prolapse. Methods We retrieved data from the Swedish spine register about 3,291 patients who underwent primary surgery for a lumbar disc prolapse between January 2007 and December 2008. These patients were followed until December 2020 to record all additional lumbar spine operations and the reason for them. Results In total, 681 of the 3,291 patients (21%) needed one or more additional operations. More than three additional operations was uncommon (2%; 15/906). Overall, 906 additional operations were identified during the time period, with a mean time to the first of these of 3.7 years (SD 3.6). The most common reason for an additional operation was recurrent disc prolapse (47%; 426/906), followed by spinal stenosis or degenerative spondylolisthesis (19%; 176/906), and segmental pain (16%; 145/906). The most common surgical procedures were revision discectomy (43%; 385/906) and instrumented fusion (22%; 200/906). Degenerative spinal conditions other than disc prolapse became a more common reason for additional surgery with increasing length of follow-up. Most patients achieved the minimally important change (MIC) for the patient-reported outcomes after the index surgery. After the third additional spinal operation, only 20% (5/25) achieved the MIC in terms of leg pain, and 29% (7/24) in terms of the EuroQol five-dimension index questionnaire visual analogue scale. Conclusion More than one in five patients operated on for a lumbar disc prolapse underwent further surgery during the 13-year follow-up period. Recurrent disc prolapse was the most common reason for additional surgery, followed by spinal stenosis and segmental pain. This study shows that additional operations after primary disc surgery are needed more frequently than previously reported, and that the outcome profoundly deteriorates after the second additional operation. The findings from this study can be used in the shared decision-making process. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2022;104-B(5):627–632.

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Tokuyasu, Tatsushi, Kumiko Motodoi, Yuichi Endo, Yukio Iwashita, Tsuyoshi Etoh, and Masafumi Inomata. "Training System for Endoscopic Surgery Aiming to Provide the Sensation of Forceps Operation." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 30, no. 5 (2018): 772–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2018.p0772.

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In Japan, a rising number of endoscopic surgery operations have boosted an expectation for the development of a training environment for qualified surgeons. The endoscopic surgery operation requires the operator to operate forceps by hand based on two-dimensional operative field information displayed on the monitor. The characteristics of the operation include a lack of stereoscopic visual field information and movement of the tip of the forceps, which is symmetric about the trocar. These are issues that require an empirical solution from the operator. It is desirable that these issues have already been overcome before the operator starts practicing as an operating surgeon. To this end, it is effective to train the operator in the sensation of forceps operation, which associates the operative field vision with the forceps operation by hand. Therefore, this study includes digitizing the forceps operation by qualified surgeons and providing it to the trainee as visual and force information in order to build a training device that facilitates the cultivation of the sensation of forceps operation.

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Hong, Jie. "Design and Application of Nursing Record Sheet and Operation Registration Form for Ophthalmic Daytime Operation." International Journal of Studies in Nursing 7, no. 1 (2022): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/ijsn.v7i1.1082.

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Objective: To explore the effect of nursing record sheet and operation registration form in daytime ophthalmic surgery. Methods: the nursing record sheet and operation registration form of daytime ophthalmic surgery were designed and used to evaluate the incidence of adverse events and the satisfaction of doctors in the operating room before and after use. Results: from January 2018 to June 2019, there were 15 adverse events caused by unclear handover, wrong record, wrong eye classification, wrong application of antibiotics and waiting for surgical consumables in ophthalmology due to nursing record, with an incidence of 3.71%;From July 2019 to December 2020, there were only 2 cases of ophthalmic defects caused by the record sheet, with an incidence of 0.42%;The difference was statistically significant(P=0.00095). When the daytime ophthalmic surgery nursing record sheet was not used from January 2018 to June 2019, the satisfaction of ophthalmic surgeons was 71%, and after using the daytime ophthalmic surgery nursing record sheet from July 2019 to December 2020, the satisfaction of ophthalmic surgeons increased to 96%. Conclusion the design of daytime ophthalmic surgery nursing record sheet is reasonable and convenient, which can effectively ensure the quality of daytime ophthalmic surgery nursing, improve work efficiency and improve job satisfaction of surgeons.

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Jin, Haiyang, Ying Hu, Wei Tian, et al. "Kinematics and cooperative control of a robotic spinal surgery system." Robotica 34, no. 1 (2014): 226–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574714001283.

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SUMMARYSpinal surgery is considered a high-risk surgery. To improve the accuracy, stability, and safety of such operations, we report the development of a novel six-degrees-of-freedom Robotic Spinal Surgical System that can assist surgeons in performing transpedicular surgery, one of the most common spinal surgeries. After optimization performed using Response Surface Methodology, the largest available workspace of the robot is determined and is found to easily cover the entire operation area. Cooperative control and navigation-based active control are implemented for different processes of the operation. We propose a hybrid control approach based on the speed and torque interface at the joint level. In this mode, the robot is compliant in Cartesian space, benefitting both the accuracy and efficiency of the operation. A comprehensive assessment index, combining the subjective and objective criteria in terms of positioning and operation efficiency, is proposed to compare the performance of cooperative control in speed mode, torque mode, and hybrid control mode. Active fine adjustment experiments are carried out to verify the positioning accuracy, and the results are found to satisfy the requirements of operation. As an application example, a pedicle screw insertion experiment is performed on a pig vertebral bone, demonstrating the effectiveness of our system.

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ghnnam, wagih, Mohamed Ellatif, Turki Elbeshry, Mohammed Alzahrany, Ahmad Alqarni, and Saad alshahrani. "Laparoscopic cholecystectomy as a day surgery operation: two centers experience." International Journal of Surgery and Medicine 3, no. 2 (2017): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/ijsm.laparoscopic-cholecystectomy-day-surgery.

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Sapkas, G., V. Lykomitros, K. Soultanis, E. C. Papadopoulos, and M. Papadakis. "Spinal Surgery in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: Unsatisfactory Results, Failure and Disappointment." Open Orthopaedics Journal 8, no. 1 (2014): 264–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874325001408010264.

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Previous studies on spinal surgery in PD patients report an exceptionally high rate of complications. Failure and re -operation are frequent outcomes. This is a retrospective case series with the aim of establishing the rate of complications in patients with concomitant Parkinson’s disease. Ten patients were subjected to spinal surgery from 2005 to 2009. The indications and type of operation varied. Cases of Failed Back Surgery and re-operation were sought. Follow – up was between 6 – 42 months. All 10 patients presented some clinical or radiological complication. The most common complications were screw pull – out and progressive spinal deformity. Re – operations were performed in 5 patients, while clinical and radiological results were poor in the majority of cases. Patients with Parkinson’s disease have a very high complication rate and often have to undergo revision surgery. This particular group of patients should be informed of the increased risk of failure and be closely followed – up on a regular basis.

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Roy, J. David, W. Johnson Hardy, Morgan E. Roberts, et al. "Reducing Health Care Burden of Emergency General Surgery with a 24-Hour Dedicated Emergency General Surgery Service." American Surgeon 88, no. 5 (2021): 922–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00031348211056283.

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Background Emergency general surgery (EGS) diagnoses account for 11% of surgical admissions and 50% of surgical mortality. In this population, 7 specific operations are associated with 80.3% of deaths, 78.9% of complications, and 80.2% of hospital costs. In 2016, our institution established a comprehensive in-house EGS service. Herein, we hypothesize that formation of a dedicated EGS service is associated with a significant reduction in morbidity for patients undergoing the most common EGS procedures. Methods All patients undergoing one of the most common EGS procedures within 2 days of admission were identified from 1/1/2013 to 5/9/2019 via a retrospective chart review. Patients were cohorted as pre- and post-EGS implementation. The primary outcome measure was the overall complication rate. Secondary endpoints included mortality, individual complication rate, time to operation, overnight operation, and length of stay. Finally, both cohorts were benchmarked to national outcomes. Results 718 patients met inclusion criteria (pre-EGS = 409 and post-EGS = 309). Overall complication rate decreased significantly (19.8% vs 13.9%, P = .0387) and overnight operations increased significantly in the post-EGS group (7.8%-16.5%, P = .0003). Pre-EGS complications were higher than national data in all but 1 procedure group, whereas post-EGS complications rates were lower in all but 2 categories. Discussion Implementation of a dedicated EGS service line was associated with a significant decrease in complication rate among the most complication-prone EGS procedures. Number of operations within 24 hours did not increase significantly; however, overnight operations did increase. Our results indicate that establishing a service-specific EGS line is reasonable and beneficial.

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Chattar-Cora, Deowall, Roberto Perez-Nieves, Alexander McKinlay, Markian Kunasz, Richard Delaney, and Robert Lyons. "Operation Iraqi Freedom." Annals of Plastic Surgery 58, no. 2 (2007): 200–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.sap.0000237740.08862.85.

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Gastinger, I., F. Marusch, A. Koch, et al. "Die Hartmann-Operation." Der Chirurg 75, no. 12 (2004): 1191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00104-004-0924-7.

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Dahlke, M., F. Popp, H. Schlitt, and P. Piso. "Ileus - immer Operation?" Zentralblatt für Chirurgie 132, no. 1 (2007): W2—W12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-960476.

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