Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Surveillance en temps réel'
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Gauthier, Martin. "Surveillance des réseaux en temps réel." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2009. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/49/1/GAUTHIER_Martin.pdf.
Full textGonzalez-Mendoza, Miguel. "Surveillance temps-réel des systèmes Homme-Machine. Application à l'assistance à la conduite automobile." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00336732.
Full textNous proposons une stratégie générale de système temps-réel pour la surveillance du niveau de vigilance du conducteur (dynamique lente) et la surveillance du niveau de risque lié à la situation actuelle de conduite (dynamique instantanée), à travers :
* L'analyse temporelle et fréquentielle des signaux mécaniques (mesures de performance) par ondelettes et filtres, pour en extraire des caractéristiques dynamiques, statistiques et fréquentielles sur la dégradation de la conduite,
* L'apprentissage par SVM, méthode pour laquelle nous avons développé des stratégies d'implémentation adaptées pour un apprentissage en ligne et pour des problèmes de grande taille,
* La fusion par FIS, afin de profiter de l'expertise humaine et produire un diagnostic sur le niveau de risque lié à la sortie de la voie de circulation.
* La validation d'une telle approche à travers des EEG et EOG (mesures physiologiques) et des autoévaluations (mesures subjectives).
Nous appliquons cette méthodologie à diverses expériences des programmes AWAKE et PREDIT réalisées sur des simulateurs ou des démonstrateurs.
Gonzalez, Mendoza Miguel. "Surveillance temps-réel des systèmes Homme-Machine : application à l'assistance à la conduite automobile." Toulouse, INSA, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ISAT0026.
Full textOur work is within the framework of human-machine systems monitoring, in which the human operator is an element of decision in the loop. This type of systems requires a global automated real-time monitoring, including the detection of technical hitches and human faults. Assuming the technological part works "correctly" and/or that it is supervised by a diagnosis system, we are centered on the human operator part, the most critical to supervise. We present a diagnosis system applied to driver's monitoring based on information provided by onboard sensors. This work has been developed in the framework of the European project AWAKE and the national project "factors of vigilance degradation and safety in transports" of PREDIT. We propose a general strategy of real-time system for monitoring the level of vigilance of the driver (slow dynamics) and the monitoring of the level of risk related to the current situation (instantaneous dynamics), through: Temporal and frequential analysis of mechanical signals (performance measures) by wavelets and filters, to extract dynamic, statistical and frequential characteristics of driving degradation, SVM learning, for which we developed adapted implementation strategies for an on-line learning and large-scale problems, FIS fusion, in order to exploit the human expertise and to produce a diagnosis of the level of risk related to lane departure. Validation of such an approach through EEG and EOG (physiological measurements) and self evaluations (subjective measurements). We apply this methodology to various experiments under the framework of AWAKE and PREDIT carried out in simulators or demonstrators
Limane, Tahar. "Conception et réalisation d'un outil de surveillance, temps réel, d'espaces de débattements de robots." Lyon, INSA, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ISAL0093.
Full textThe study presented in this report addresses the problems of designing and implementing a real-time control system of robots movements. The top-Level objective of the study is to enhance the safety of both the human operators and the machines. We begin with a global analysis of risk conditions in Robotics and general relationship statements between the different factors which have to be taken into account when specifying protection systems. We survey the different methods as well as the different equipments used in protection systems against robots possibly undue clearances. Constraints specification of a mean safety system able to control dynamically the robot's containment within the limits allowed or forbidden spaces are studied. Afterwards, we present the functional and structural specifications a well as the conceptual models of the protection systems to be implemented. Methodological approaches of software engineering type are proposed in view of validating the overall system life-cycle, its quality and its reliability. This study results the elaboration of the software tool SAFE (Surveillance d'Ateliers Flexibles et de Leur environnement) which is described in the report. Further developments of SAFE are suggested concerning, particularly, two inter-related functionalities of safety control : - first, the robot command program itself, - second, the dynamic re-specification of safety space when any change arises in the robot's task
Sicre, Ronan. "Analyse vidéo de comportements humains dans les points de ventes en temps-réel." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14261/document.
Full textAlong this thesis various subjects are studied, from the lowest to the higher level of video analysis. We first present motion detection and object tracking that compose the low-level processing part of our system. Motion detection aims at detecting moving areas, which correspond to foreground, of an image. The result of motion detection is a foreground mask that is used as input for the object tracking process. Tracking matches and identifies foreground regions across frames. Then, we analyze the behavior of the tracked objects, as the mid-level analysis. At each frame, we detect the current state of action of each tracked object currently in the scene. Finally, the system generates a semantic interpretation of these behaviors and we analyze high-level scenarios as the high-level part of our system. These two processes analyze the series of states of each object. The semantic interpretation generates sentences when state changes occur. Scenario recognition detect three different scenarios by analyzing the temporal constraints between the states
Ghorayeb, Hicham. "Conception et mise en œuvre d'algorithmes de vision temps-réel pour la vidéo surveillance intelligente." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003064.
Full textGhorayeb, Hicham. "Conception et mise en oeuvre d'algorithmes de vision temps réel pour la vidéo surveillance intelligente." Paris, ENMP, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENMP1463.
Full textIn this dissertation, we present our research work held at the Center of Robotics (CAOR) of the Ecole des Mines de Paris which tackles the problem of intelligent video analysis. The primary objective of our research is to prototype a generic framework for intelligent video analysis. We optimized this framework and configured it to cope with specific application requirements. We consider a people tracker application extracted from the PUVAME project. This application aims to improve people security in urban zones near to bus stations. Then, we have improved the generic framework for video analysis mainly for background subtraction and visual object detection. We have developed a library for machine learning specialized in boosting for visual object detection called LibAdaBoost. To the best of our knowledge LibAdaBoost is the first library in its kind. We make LibAdaBoost available for the machine learning community under the LGPL license. Finally we wanted to adapt the visual object detection algorithm based on boosting so that it could run on the graphics hardware. To the best of our knowledge we were the first to implement visual object detection with sliding technique on the graphics hardware. The results were promising and the prototype performed three to nine times better than the CPU. The framework was successfully implemented and integrated to the RTMaps environment. It was evaluated at the final session of the project PUVAME and demonstrated its fiability over various test scenarios elaborated specifically for the PUVAME project
Lointier, Guillaume. "Vers une surveillance en temps réel des régions magnétosphériques à partir des radars cohérents HF SuperDARN." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00294447.
Full textMeynard, Jean-Baptiste. "Réalisation et évaluation d'un système de surveillance en temps réel pour les forces armées en opérations." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX20690.
Full textFathallah, Houssem Eddine. "Conception d'un système temps-réel de surveillance de l'exposition aux polluants de l'air intérieur : application au formaldéhyde." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0100.
Full textFormaldehyde is classified as a "high priority" pollutant in the indoor air quality. Because of its health effects, the emerging French regulation (Action 7 of PNSE2) requires the measurement of formaldehyde in public places (schools, kindergartens etc.) from 2017. However, no device on the market is able to provide accurate measurements in real time and at low cost. This thesis forms part of the ANR project CAPFEIN (réseau de CAPteurs de FormaldEhyde intelligents pour la surveillance de l'air Intérieur) whose purpose is to develop a "smart Formaldehyde sensor". The thesis objective is to design a real-time monitoring system of human exposure to formaldehyde, and more generally to indoor air pollutant. The sensors must be equipped with a communication interface to automatically collect measurements at different points of the environment to be monitored. Two monitoring systems have been developed. The first is Designed with commercial off-the-shelf component and a centralized architecture based on the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT). The second was designed from the CRAN and corresponds to the development of a solution based on a distributed approach. A smart badge has been developed. It can monitor exposure levels to each cardholder. The major constraints of this work consist on the ability to locate people in an indoor environment and the ability to optimize the algorithms in terms of memory space and power consumption. For the optimization part, the moving average exponential weighting methods have been implemented and evaluated. Both prototypes were tested in buildings of CRAN and showed interest
Subias, Audine. "Approche multi-modèles pour la commande et la surveillance en temps réel des systèmes à évènements discrets." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30024.
Full textTanzi, Tullio. "Systeme spatial temps réel d'aide a la décision, application aux risques autoroutiers : D.E.S.T.IN : dispositif d'études et de surveillance du trafic et des incidents." Lyon, INSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ISAL0058.
Full textThe objective of these works is to specify a real-time system of risk analysis in order to complete systems for motorways to help the exploitation of motorways. Instead of focusing on accidents, the system relies on the analysis of the evolution of traffic conditions, in order to characterise high risk situations. The aim of this potential accident anticipation is to elaborate preventive actions and to allow a better management of the crisis. These works have permitted the definition of risk indicators in the road context. An original prototype has been developed and has been tested in real situations. Indicators have been tested on samples ofdata ofthe freeway of the ESCOT A network. Thanks to our approach, the classic techniques of spatial analyses, as we know them in the world of the geographical information systems will permit to produce sorne quantitative information in real-time, as distances, predicted times of arrivai or security perimeters, but also to better manage the event using phenomena simulations. It requires to take into ac-count the routing of information within the global information system. The originality ofthese works can be summarised in two main points: • A new concept of real-time information system for the analysis of risks (it is about new indicators) A new emerging concept: TéléGéomatique, term based on geomatics and telecommunications, whose importance is justified by these works
Lauffenburger, Jean-Philippe. "Contribution à la surveillance temps-réel du système "Conducteur - Véhicule - Environnement" : élaboration d'un système intelligent d'aide à la conduite." Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00732949.
Full textDans ce contexte, la localisation du véhicule et particulièrement les informations de l'environnement d'évolution doivent être pertinentes. Elles sont obtenues grâce à une base de données cartographique spécifiquement développée dans le cadre de ces travaux. Celle-ci est caractérisée par une précision supérieure à celle des bases de données traditionnellement employées dans des dispositifs de navigation.
Vieren, Christophe. "Segmentation de scènes dynamiques en temps réel : application au traiyement de séquences d'images pour la surveillance de carrefours routiers." Lille 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL10029.
Full textCotton, Julien. "Analyse et traitement de données sismiques 4D en continu et en temps réel pour la surveillance du sous-sol." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEM023.
Full text3D seismic reflection is widely used in the oil industry. This standard subsoil auscultation method provides information on geological structures and can be used to build reservoir models. However, the properties derived from3D (and 2D) seismic data are only static: 3D does not allow to evaluate the changes with calendar time. The addition of a temporal dimension to 3D data is obtained by repeating the measurements at several dates separated by several months or even several years. Thus, 4D seismic (time-lapse) makes it possible to measure and to analyze the changes of the subsoil in the long term. Since the 90s, this method is used worldwide at sea and on land. To carry out a much more frequent monitoring (daily), even continuous (a few hours) of the subsoil, CGG developed, in collaboration with Gazde France (now ENGIE) and Institut Français du Pétrole (now IFPEN), a solution based on buried sources and receptors: SeisMovie. SeisMovie was originally designed to monitor and map the gas front in real time during geological disposal operations. It is also used to observe the steam injection required for heavy oil production. In this thesis, we bring contributions to three challenges arising in the processing of seismic data from this system. The first one concerns the attenuation of near-surface variations caused by "ghost" waves that interfere with primary waves. The second one concerns the quantification of subsurface changes in terms of propagation velocity variation and acoustic impedance.The third one concerns real-time: the data processing must be at least as fast as the acquisition cycle (a few hours). Infact, the analysis of the data must enable the reservoir engineers to make quick decisions (stop of the injection, decreaseof the production). In a more general context, there are conceptual similarities between 3D and 4D. In 4D, the repeated acquisitions are compared with each other (or with a reference). In 3D, during acquisition, field geophysicists compare unitary shot points with each other to assess the quality of the data for decision-making (reshooting, skipping orcontinuing). Therefore, some 4D real-time tools developed during this thesis can be applied. A new approach called TeraMig for automated quality control in the field will also be presented
Abed, Hajer. "Interface électronique et logicielle pour la surveillance de la respiration en temps réel en utilisant des vêtements intelligents sans fils." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68400.
Full textIn this thesis, we present a new architecture of a smart T-shirt to monitor breathing in real time. This smart garment has an architecture that offers an innovative detection method ensuring continuous monitoring of respiratory activity. First the T-shirt detects deformation of the upper chest during breathing using an antenna built into the T-shirt. The antenna was designed in the laboratories of the optics, photonics and laser center of Laval University. A Bluetooth sensor integrated in the same T-shirt subsequently detects the variation of the RSSI signal (indicator of received signal strength) and sends it to a wireless data processing and analysis unit (a computer or tablet). A data analysis interface has been created to allow determination of the respiratory rate and characterization according to the received breathing signal. In addition, the smart T-shirt is powered by a wireless, hybrid power source powered by a rechargeable battery or by an inductive link. Two versions of the T-shirt were tested. The first contains a single sensor while the second has six sensors positioned on the front of the garment. In addition, different parameters were taken into account during the tests, citing among others the morphology, age and sex of the users. Tests have demonstrated successful detection of several relevant information such as breathing cycles (inspiration, expiration),respiratory rate and other statistical measures for diagnosis.
Noël, Guillaume. "Indexation dans les bases de données capteurs temps réel : application à la surveillance de phénomènes environnementaux et de risques naturels." Lyon, INSA, 2006. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2006ISAL0091/these.pdf.
Full textThis thesis's aim is to provide the specialists in environmental phenomenon monitoring systems with a method for structuring, querying and fast accessing to spatio-temporal data in real time using various criteria, in particular spatial and temporal ones. More precisely, we focus on the indexing of an « in memory » database for masses of spatio-temporally referenced data with time constraints for the index updating and queries. The measurements collected by a sensor network must be indexed according to the source sensor and the date of measurement. Moreover, the most recent data are usually considered as more interesting, a specificity that is usually not featured in existing indexing systems. Three indexing solutions are proposed. They differ from the existing solutions by storing the data from sensors in dedicated substructures. “Access substructures” are used to link a query to a set of sensors. The first proposal, the PoTree, aims at « in-memory » indexing of spatio-temporal data issued from a network of fixed real time sensors. The second, the PasTree, aims at « in-memory » indexing of spatiotemporal data issued from a network of agile real time sensors, i. E. Of which the sensors have a restricted mobility. It allows for a multi-criterion access to the data, using spatial references or sensor identifiers. The last proposal, the Spatio-temporal Heat (StH) aims at « in-memory » indexing of spatio-temporal data issued from a network of agile real time sensors. The main innovation of this structure is the integration of a database saturation management by offering a mechanism allowing a progressive transfer of the data towards a warehouse
Portet, Frédéric. "Monitoring continu de site pollué : mise au point d'une méthodologie de contrôle en continu d'un site pollué en phase de surveillance ou de dé pollution." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00802997.
Full textMonnier, Thomas. "Ondes de Lamb dans les milieux stratifiés : application à la surveillance in situ et en temps réel de l'endommagement de structures composites." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00573987.
Full textBoulmakoul, Azedine. "Vers un système à base de connaissances distribué & temps réel pour la surveillance et le contrôle du trafic en site urbain." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO10222.
Full textBégard, Julien. "Reconnaissance de formes dans des séquences vidéo : application à la vidéo-surveillance." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066538.
Full textThis thesis addresses the problem of detecting people in pictures. The objective is to achieve an efficient system for detecting pedestrians in an automotive context in urban areas. We discussed this issue on two main fronts. The first was to design a discriminant representation of the form of the objects. Due to the wide variety of appearances of pedestrians, it must be rich enough to capture the characteristics necessary to recognize them. We built this description from the information of the gradient calculated in the image and its magnitude: Histograms of Orientation Gradient fortified with the Magnitude. Calculated densely in regions of the image, these descriptors forms vectors that define finely the shape of objects. We compare these descriptors with decision rules formed from machine learning methods. Our system is based on AdaBoost algorithm that we have made changes to get an algorithm using more effectively the information provided. These changes gave two algorithms with comparable performance. We have designed a method to combine these algorithms and get better results. We structured our system in a cascade of sub-detectors that are increasingly complex. The purpose of this structure is to eliminate as soon as possible wrong candidates. Thus, only the right candidates reaching the top of the cascade, consisting of the most complex and time-costly rules decisions. We evaluated and validated this methodology on color and infrared data
Taleb, Miassa. "Exploitation des mesures électriques en vue de la surveillance et du diagnostic en temps réel des piles à combustible pour application transport automobile." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLC010/document.
Full textIn the current global energy context, proton exchange membrane fuel cells represent a promising solution to the future development of a new generation of electrified vehicles, allowing greater autonomy than electrified vehicles using batteries.Nevertheless, the large-scale development of fuel cells remains limited due to some technological locks, such as water management. To enable mass production of fuel cells, such problems must be solved. Several working axes may be envisaged both on the hardware aspects of the fuel cell structure, and from the point of view of control, by developing algorithmic tools for monitoring the operating state of the system to detect any failures, or degradations that may occur.The work of this thesis falls within this second approach and focuses specifically on the identification of drying and drowning phenomena which can appear in a fuel cell, to diagnose any moisture problems leading to yield reduction.The methods developed in this work are based on the monitoring of relevant parameters of the fuel cell model which changes, compared to reference values, are characteristic of the state of the fuel cell hydration.The real-time monitoring of these parameters can highlight the drying and drowning phenomena.Adopted models for this work are based on a representation of the electrical impedance of the fuel cell.Thus, following this approach, the adopted strategy is then based on the development of two electrical models: an integer order model and a fractional order model. It appears that the second model formulation is closer to the physical reality of transport phenomena occurring in the fuel cell. It allows a better representation of the fuel cell behavior in time and frequency domain. Indeed, the analyzes based on experimental results performed using a single fuel cell (100 cm2 active area designed by UBzM company) have validated that the fractional order model, in return for an increase of complexity, allows better reproduce, in the one hand of the fuel cell time-series voltage response (voltage monitoring for a given current profile), on the other hand a better approximation of the measured impedance. Conventional and of fractional order parametric identification methods are then used to extract the model’s parameters from time-series experimental data (voltage / current from the battery) or frequency data (impedance spectroscopy).A sensitivity analysis allows then the defining of the most indicative parameters of the drowning and drying phenomena. The evolution of these parameters associated with the voltage and impedance spectrum of the fuel cell are then combined to build a diagnosis strategy of the fuel cell water management
Abat, Cédric. "Développement de nouveaux outils informatiques de surveillance en temps réel des phénomènes anormaux basés sur les données de microbiologie clinique du laboratoire de la Timone." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM5029/document.
Full textAlthough considered under control in the second half of the 20th century with the discovery of antimicrobials, infectious diseases remain a serious threat to humanity. Regardless of the state of knowledge we possess on these diseases, all remained unpredictable. To fight this phenomenon, many monitoring strategies have been developed leading to the implementation of various epidemiological surveillance computer programs to detect and identify, as soon as possible, abnormal events including epidemic phenomena. The initial objective of our work was to implement, within the Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection and based on the Microsoft Excel software, two new automated computer-based programs for the weekly automated epidemiological surveillance of abnormal epidemic events using clinical microbiological data from the Timone teaching hospital of of Assistance Publique- Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM). Once completed, we then worked to develop a comprehensive monitoring structure incorporating the investigation and the validation of alarms emitted by the established surveillance systems, the transmission of alerts to the Regional Health Agency (ARS) of the Provence-Alpes Côte d'Azur (PACA), the public dissemination of confirmed abnormal events by publishing scientific articles, and the implementation of feedback and weekly epidemiological bulletins to inform local infectious diseases epidemiological surveillance actors
Bechar, Hassane. "Comparaison d'images : Application à la surveillance et au suivi de trajectoire." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10062.
Full textAbdallah, Amani. "Réseaux d'eau intelligents : surveillance de la qualité de l'eau par des capteurs en ligne." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10150/document.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to evaluate the performance of systems proposed for real-time monitoring of water quality in the drinking water network. It was conducted within the European project SmartWater4Europe and SunRise project, which aims at the construction of a demonstrator of the smart city on the campus of the“Cité Scientifique”. The work consists of 4parts:The first part presents a literature review of the work conducted on the real-time monitoring of water quality. It shows the parameters used to monitor the water quality and the technologies available to monitor these parameters.The second part presents the construction of a Lab pilot for analyzing the performance of the water quality control systems. After a description of the systems used in this thesis(EventLab, s :: can and Intellisonde), we present the procedure followed for the realization of contaminant.The third part is devoted to the study of the performance of chlorine monitoring for detection of microbial contaminants. The results show that monitoring of chlorine constitutes an effective tool for monitoring the microbiological quality of drinking water.The fourth part presents the responses of EventLab and s::can to the injection of contaminants. Tests show a high reliability of EventLab and s::can to detect chemical contaminants. Regarding biological contaminants, s::can shows an ability to detect these contaminants for bacterial concentrations exceeding 106UFC/ml.The final part presents the water network of Cité Scientifique. The results of the water quality control are presented and analyzed. It also gives the location of the water quality control systems that will be installed on the water network
Launay, Thierry. "Prise en compte en temps réel d'événements à apparition aléatoire dans le raisonnement d'un système expert en ligne : application à la surveillance acoustique des générateurs de vapeur." Compiègne, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989COMPD163.
Full textTahir, Djamel. "Moustiques et dirofilariose : mise au point et utilisation d'outils innovants pour la détection et la surveillance." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0406/document.
Full textIn this work, we are interested in studying dirofilarial infections in dogs and vectors “Mosquitoes” especially detection, monitoring and prophylaxis. The first objective is to develop a real-time duplex PCR targeting the COI gene capable of simultaneously detecting and differentiating D. immitis and D. repens. Subsequently, we applied this tool to a canine dirofilariosis surveillance process in different endemic areas of Mediterranean basin (Corsica and Algeria). We have thus detected by this molecular tool for the first time in France, D. immitis and D. repens in Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. We reported, also, the presence of D. immitis in dogs from northern Algeria.The second aim was to assess whether the MALDI-TOF MS can detect changes in the protein profiles of Aedes aegypti infected experimentaly with filarial nematodes (D. immitis, Brugia malayi and B. pahangi). Obtained results showed the potential of MALDI-TOF MS as a reliable tool for differentiating non-infected and filariae-infected Ae. aegypti mosquitoes with a best correct classification rate obtained from the thorax-head part with 94.1 and 86.6, 71.4 and 68.7% for non-infected and D. immitis, B. malayi and B. pahangi infected mosquitoes respectively.The third aim of this work has focused on the evaluation of the anti-feeding and insecticidal efficacy of an ectoparasiticide (Vectra® 3D) containing three active ingredients: dinotefurane, pyriproxyfen and permethrin (DPP) against Ae. albopictus. Results demonstrated that the DPP combination has significant anti-feeding and insecticidal efficacy against Ae. albopictus for at least 4 weeks
Fouquet, Nicolas. "Caractérisation de l’état de fonctionnement d’une pile à combustible PEM par spectroscopie d’impédance électrochimique : application a la surveillance en temps réel du contenu en eau de l’assemblage membrane électrode." Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ECLI0004.
Full textThe aim of this work is to develop a method allowing for non intrusive real time state-of-health monitoring of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. To do so, a model based approach is coupled with voltage and current dynamic measurements. The model used in this study is inspired by the Randles equivalent electrical circuit. It was found that monitoring the evolution of the three resistances of this modified Randles model was an efficient and robust way of monitoring the state-of-health of the fuel cell stack, as far as flooding and drying out is concerned. Three perturbations which could potentially cause false alarm are then investigated : fuel cell aging, cathode poisoning by nitrogen and sulfur dioxyde and hydrogen dilution by nitrogen. The aim is then to show that this method is still operational in an on-board environment, in which pure sinusoidal excitation of the fuel cell is unavailable and real time performance mandatory. The impedance spectrum is thus derived from time resolved EIS measurements on a square signal. Parameters estimation is done in the frequency domain, using a Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm
Montenegro, Martinez Davis. "Diakoptics basée en acteurs pour la simulation, la surveillance et la comande des réseaux intelligents." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT106/document.
Full textSimulation of power systems is an important tool for designing, developing and assessment of new grid architectures and controls within the smart grid concept for the last decades. This tool has evolved for answering the questions proposed by academic researchers and engineers in industry applications; providing different alternatives for covering several realistic scenarios. Nowadays, due to the recent advances in computing hardware, Digital Real-Time Simulation (DRTS) is used to design power systems, to support decisions made in automated Energy Management Systems (EMS) and to reduce the Time to Market of products, among other applications.Power system simulations can be classified in the following categories: (1) Analog simulation (2) off line simulation (3) Fully digital simulation (4) Fast simulation (5) Controller Hardware-In-the-Loop (CHIL) simulation and (6) Power Hardware-In-the-Loop (PHIL) simulation. The latest 3 are focused on Real-Time Hardware-In-the-Loop (RT-HIL) simulation. These categories cover issues related to Electromagnetic Transients (EMT), phasor simulation or mixed (phasor and EMT). As mentioned above, these advances are possible due to the evolution of computing architectures (hardware and software); however, for the particular case of power flow analysis of Distribution Systems (DS) there are still challenges to be solved.The current computing architectures are composed by several cores, leaving behind the paradigm of the sequential programing and leading the digital system developers to consider concepts such as parallelism, concurrency and asynchronous events. On the other hand, the methods for solving the dynamic power flow of distribution systems consider the system as a single block; thus they only use a single core for power flow analysis, regardless of the existence of multiple cores available for improving the simulation performance.Divided into phase and sequence frame methods, these methods have in common features such as considering a single sparse matrix for describing the DS and that they can solve a single frequency simultaneously. These features make of the mentioned methods non-suitable for multithread processing. As a consequence, current computer architectures are sub-used, affecting simulator's performance when handling large scale DS, changing DS topology and including advanced models, among others real life activities.To address these challenges this thesis proposes an approach called A-Diakoptics, which combines the power of Diakoptics and the Actor model; the aim is to make any conventional power flow analysis method suitable for multithread processing. As a result, the nature and complexity of the power system can be modeled without affecting the computing time, even if several parts of the power system operate at different base frequency as in the case of DC microgrids. Therefore, the dynamic load flow analysis of DS can be performed for covering different simulation needs such as off-line simulation, fast simulation, CHIL and PHIL. This method is an advanced strategy for simulating large-scale distribution systems in unbalanced conditions; covering the basic needs for the implementation of smart grid applications
Zein, Ismail. "Application du filtre de Kalman et de l'observateur de Luenberger à la commande et à la surveillance de la machine asynchrone." Compiègne, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000COMP1290.
Full textJIMENEZ, VARGAS FERNANDO. "Specification et conception de microsystemes bases sur des circuits asynchrones - etude d'un dispositif multicapteur integre d'enregistrement de contraintes environnementales." Toulouse, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAT0038.
Full textLi, Long. "Contribution au développement d'un système expert multicapteurs pour la surveillance du poinçonnage." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10336.
Full textDelespierre, Tiba. "Du dossier résident informatisé à la recherche en santé publique : Application des méthodes de surveillance en temps réel à des données médico-sociales de la personne âgée et exploration de données de cohorte pour la santé publique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLV030/document.
Full textFrench population is rapidly aging. Senior citizens ratio is increasing and our society needs to rethink its organization, taking into account this change, better knowing this fast growing population group.Even if numerous cohorts of elderly people already exist worldly with four in France and, even as they live in growing numbers in nursing homes and out-patient treatment clinics, knowledge of this population segment is still missing.Today several health and medico-social structures groups as Korian and Orpéa invest in big relational data bases enabling them to get real-time information about their patients/residents. Since 2010 all Korian residents’ files are dematerialized and accessible by requests. They contain at the same time, structured medico-social data describing the residents as well as their treatments and pathologies, but also free-textual data detailing their daily care by the medical staff.Through time and as the computerized resident file (DRI) was mainly conceived as a data base management application, it appeared essential to mine these data and build a decision-making tool intended to improve the care efficiency. The Ageing Well Institute becoming meanwhile the Korian Ageing Well Foundation chose then, working in a private/public partnership, to finance a research work intented to better understand these datas’ informative potential, to assess their reliability and response to public health threats. This research work and this thesis were then designed in several steps:- First, a content analysis of the data warehouse DRI, the objective being to build a research data base, with a social side and a health side. This was the first paper subject.- Then, by direct extraction of the residents’ socio-demographic information at nursing home (NH) entry, adding hospitalizations and deaths, and finally, by an iterative textual extraction process of the transmissions data and by using the Delphi method, we created twenty-four syndromes, added hospitalizations and deaths and built a syndromic data base, the Ageing Well data base. This information system of a new kind, allowed the constitution of a public health cohort for elderly people from the BBV residents’population and its syndromic longitudinal follow-up. The BBV was also scientifically assessed for surveillance and public health research through present situation analysis: content, periodicity and data quality. This cohort then gave us the opportunity to build a surveillance tool and follow the residents’ population in real-time by watching their 26 daily frequency syndromic distributions. The methodology for that assessment, Atlanta CDCs’ health surveillance systems method, was used for flu and acute gastro enteritis syndroms and was the second paper subject.- Finally, the building of a new public health tool: each syndrom’s distribution through time (transmissions dates) and space (transmissions NH ids) opened the research field to new data exploration methods. I used these to study different health problems afflicting senior citizens: frequent falls, cancer, vaccinations and the end of life
Thomas, Marielle. "Biodétection en temps réel. Contribution à la réalisation d'un nouveau système de détection biologique précoce de la pollution des eaux de surface, fondé sur l'exploitation des décharges autostimulatrices d'un poisson électrique tropical : Apteronotus albifrons, Apteronotidae-Gymnotiformes." Nancy 1, 1996. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1996_0018_THOMAS.pdf.
Full textTaright, Yamina. "Contribution à l'analyse de la pollution atmosphérique chronique ou accidentelle : concept de nez électronique." Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES001.
Full textSAYED, MOUCHAWEH Moamar. "Conception d'un système de diagnostic adaptatif et prédictif basé sur la méthode Fuzzy Pattern Matching pour la surveillance en ligne des systèmes évolutifs." Phd thesis, Université de Reims - Champagne Ardenne, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002637.
Full text- dans une base de connaissance incomplète, tous les modes de fonctionnement ne sont pas représentés. En conséquence, un module de diagnostic doit être adaptatif afin d'inclure à sa base de connaissance les nouveaux modes dés qu'ils apparaissent,
- lorsque le système évolue vers un mode anormal ou non désiré, il est nécessaire d'anticiper cette évolution plutôt que d'attendre d'arriver à ce mode afin d'éviter ses conséquences surtout s'il est dangereux. Le module de diagnostic doit donc être prédictif,
- dans le cas d'un système évolutif, la base de connaissance doit être enrichie grâce à l'information apportée par les nouvelles observations. Cet enrichissement doit être réalisé en temps réel,
- les données sont à la fois incertaines et imprécises.
L'objectif principal de ma thèse consistait à mettre au point un module de diagnostic en temps réel adaptatif et prédictif pour des systèmes évolutifs, en utilisant les techniques de Reconnaissance des Formes, la théorie des ensembles flous et la théorie des possibilités. Ce module a été appliqué sur plusieurs applications industrielles.
Abdennadher, Mohamed. "Étude et élaboration d'un système de surveillance et de maintenance prédictive pour les condensateurs et les batteries utilisés dans les Alimentations Sans Interruptions (ASI)." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00806065.
Full textSilva, Elise Da. "Développement d'outils analytiques innovants pour le suivi des populations de Vibrio dans les environnements aquatiques." Thesis, Perpignan, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PERP0057/document.
Full textMass mortality events affecting the Pacific oyster Crassostreae gigas on French coasts since 2008 have been associated to some Vibrio species. These mortalities, particularly severe and sudden in the mediterranean lagoons, can reach 80 to 100% of the oyster production threatening the sustainability of this activity. An environmental monitoring of these bacteria appears essential and, for this purpose, innovative analytical methods have to be developed as alternative to classical techniques, in order to allow the rapid and in real time monitoring of Vibrio in the coastal aquatic environments. In this context, the objective of the thesis was to design genosensors as analytical tools for Vibrio detection and quantification in aquatic ecosystems. In a first step, a system based on a « sandwich » hybridization format, in which nucleic acid targets were bound between an immobilized capture probe and a labeled signal probe, coupled with an optical detection method, was developed. After experimental condition optimization, the test showed high sensitivity with a limit of detection of 5 ng.µL-1 of nucleic acids and was highly specific to Vibrio spp. The method was then successfully applied to Vibrio detection in environmental samples collected in Salses-Leucate lagoon. A second hybridization format, based on a competition between the targeted nucleic acids and the capture probe for the signal probe has been considered using both optical and electrochemical transductions. Concurrently with the development of genosensors, quantitative real-time PCR have been designed as reference methods
Okonkwo, Onyinye. "Enhancement of thermophilic dark fermentative hydrogen production and the use of molecular biology methods for bioprocess monitoring." Thesis, Paris Est, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PESC2041.
Full textThe aim of this thesis was to enhance thermophilic dark fermentative hydrogen production by using microbial strategies (bioaugmentation and synthetic co-cultures) and by increasing the understanding on the microbial community dynamics especially during stress conditions such as fluctuating temperatures and elevated substrate concentrations. To study the effects of sudden short-term temperature fluctuations, batch cultures initially incubated at 55°C (control) were subjected to downward (from 55°C to 35°C or 45°C) or upward (from 55°C to 65°C or 75°C) temperature shifts for 48 hours after which they were incubated again at 55°C for two consecutive batch cycles. The results showed that sudden, temporal upward and downward temperature fluctuations had a direct impact on the hydrogen yield as well as the microbial community structure. Cultures exposed to downward temperature fluctuation recovered more rapidly enabling almost similar hydrogen yield (92-96%) as the control culture kept at 55 °C. On the contrary, upward temperature shifts from 55 to 65 or 75 °C had more significant negative effect on dark fermentative hydrogen production as the yield remained significantly lower (54-79%) for the exposed cultures compared to the control culture. To improve the stability of hydrogen production during temperature fluctuations and to speed up the recovery, mixed microbial consortium undergoing a period of either downward or upward temperature fluctuation was augmented with a synthetic mix culture containing well-known hydrogen producers. The addition of new species into the native consortium significantly improved hydrogen production both during and after the fluctuations. However, when the bioaugmentation was applied during the temperature fluctuation, hydrogen production was enhanced. This study also investigated the dynamics between pure cultures and co-cultures of highly specialized hydrogen producers, Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus and Thermotoga neapolitana. The highest hydrogen yield (2.8 ± 0.1 mol H2 mol-1 glucose) was obtained with a synthetic co-culture which resulted in a 3.3 or 12% increase in hydrogen yield when compared to pure cultures of C. saccharolyticus or T. neapolitana, respectively. Furthermore, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) based method for monitoring the growth and contribution of T. neapolitana in synthetic co-cultures was developed. With this method, it was verified that T. neapolitana was an active member of the synthetic co-culture. The effect of different feed glucose concentrations (from 5.6 to 111.0 mmol L-1) on hydrogen production was investigated with and without augmenting the culture with T. neapolitana. Compared to the control (without T. neapolitana), bioaugmentated culture resulted in higher hydrogen yields in almost all the concentrations studied even though hydrogen yield decreased the feed glucose concentration was increased. The presence of T. neapolitana also had a significant impact on the metabolite distribution when compared to the control.In summary, this study showed that thermophilic dark fermentative hydrogen production can be enhanced by using synthetic co-cultures or bioaugmentation. The highest hydrogen yield in this study was obtained with the synthetic co-culture, although it should be considered that the incubation conditions differed from those used for the mixed cultures in this study. The use of molecular methods such as qPCR and high-throughput sequencing also helped to understand the role of certain species in the microbial consortia and improved the understanding of the microbial community dynamics during stress conditions
Abdennadher, Mohamed Karim. "Étude et élaboration d’un système de surveillance et de maintenance prédictive pour les condensateurs et les batteries utilisés dans les Alimentations Sans Interruptions (ASI)." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10101/document.
Full textTo ensure power quality and permanently, some electronic system supplies exist. These supplies are the Uninterrupted Power Supplies (UPS). An UPS like any other system may have some failures. This can be a cause of redundancy loss. This load loss causes a maintenance downtime which may represent a high cost. We propose in this thesis to work on two of the most sensitive components in the UPS namely electrolytic capacitors and lead acid batteries. In a first phase, we present the existing surveillance systems for these two components, highlighting their main drawbacks. This allows us to propose the specifications which have to be implemented for this system. For electrolytic capacitors, we detail different stages of characterization ; the aging accelerated standard experimental procedure and their associated results. On the other hand, we present the simulation results of monitoring and failure prediction system retained. We discuss the experimental validation, describing the developed system. We detail the electronic boards designed, implemented algorithms and their respective constraints for a real time implementation. Finally, for lead acid batteries, we present the simulation results of the monitoring system adopted to obtain the SOC and SOH. We describe the aging experimental procedure of charging and discharging cycles of the batteries needed to find a simple and accurate electric models. We explain the aging experimental results and in the end we give suggestions for improving our system to get a more accurate SOH
Piatyszek, Éric. "Détection de dysfonctionnements en système hydrographique : application aux réseaux d'assainissement." ENSMP, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ENMP0838.
Full textPagetti, Claire. "Extension temps réel d'AltaRica." Phd thesis, Ecole centrale de nantes - ECN, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006316.
Full textDeux extensions du langage sont proposées : une version temporisée et une hybride. Ces extensions respectent les caractéristiques du langage initial et conservent les aspects de hiérarchie, de synchronisation, de partage de variables et de priorité statique. En outre, afin d'améliorer les descriptions temps réel, de nouveaux opérateurs de modélisation, comme l'urgence et les priorités temporelles, ont été ajoutés. Nous obtenons ainsi un langage hiérarchique de haut niveau de modélisation de systèmes temps réel.
Une étude formelle complète a été menée sur la sémantique du langage, le pouvoir d'expression des langages AltaRica temps réel et des moyens de traductions automatiques vers des modèles classiques existants. Ces algorithmes reposent sur la notion de mise à plat de modèle, i.e. réécrire le modèle sans sous composant.
Enfin, le langage temporisé est implanté dans un prototype qui étant donné un modèle le met à plat puis le traduit en automate temporisé. Ainsi, certains systèmes réels ont pu être modélisés puis des propriétés ont été vérifiées à l'aide du model checker UPPAAL.
Holländer, Matthias. "Synthèse géométrique temps réel." Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0009/document.
Full textEal-time geometry synthesis is an emerging topic in computer graphics.Today's interactive 3D applications have to face a variety of challengesto fulfill the consumer's request for more realism and high quality images.Often, visual effects and quality known from offline-rendered feature films or special effects in movie productions are the ultimate goal but hard to achieve in real time.This thesis offers real-time solutions by exploiting the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)and efficient geometry processing.In particular, a variety of topics related to classical fields in computer graphics such assubdivision surfaces, global illumination and anti-aliasing are discussedand new approaches and techniques are presented
Muller, Steve. "Risk monitoring with intrusion detection for industrial control systems." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IMTA0082/document.
Full textCyber-attacks on critical infrastructure such as electricity, gas, and water distribution, or power plants, are more and more considered to be a relevant and realistic threat to the European society. Whereas mature solutions like anti-malwareapplications, intrusion detection systems (IDS) and even intrusion prevention or self-healing systems have been designed for classic computer systems, these techniques have only been partially adapted to the world of Industrial ControlSystems (ICS). As a consequence, organisations and nations fall back upon risk management to understand the risks that they are facing. Today's trend is to combine risk management with real-time monitoring to enable prompt reactions in case of attacks. This thesis aims at providing techniques that assist security managers in migrating from a static risk analysis to areal-time and dynamic risk monitoring platform. Risk monitoring encompasses three steps, each being addressed in detail in this thesis: the collection of risk-related information, the reporting of security events, and finally the inclusion of this real time information into a risk analysis. The first step consists in designing agents that detect incidents in the system. In this thesis, an intrusion detection system is developed to this end, which focuses on an advanced persistent threat (APT) that particularly targets critical infrastructures. The second step copes with the translation of the obtained technical information in more abstract notions of risk, which can then be used in the context of a risk analysis. In the final step, the information collected from the various sources is correlated so as to obtain the risk faced by the entire system. Since industrial environments are characterised by many interdependencies, a dependency model is elaborated which takes dependencies into account when the risk is estimated
Benmounah, Nadir. "Rendu temps-réel d'objets translucides." Limoges, 2009. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/e76da47c-c965-4fbf-bdb6-7a2831e78925/blobholder:0/2009LIMO4031.pdf.
Full textThe reproduction of nature in computer-added applications knows a significant revolution. Translucidity enhances the realism virtual images. Light absorption simulation has taken profits of the abundant scientific literature in physics and optics, and of the last advancements in graphics cards technologies, to establish itself as a new branch in image synthesis research. In the scope of this thesis, we describe two different methods in real-time rendering of translucent objects. The first method allows real-time deformation of these objects, by means of flexible texture atlases. In the second, we focused on porcelain. This material is famous for its translucidity and its whiteness. Porcelain rendering is achieved after the acquisition of its optical properties and the use of Kubelka-Munk model
Ivol, Alexandre. "Le roman du temps réel." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030011.
Full textOur work is based on the questionning about the way the experience of Time is represented in William Faulkner's and James Joyce's works. For this, we exclusively focused our attention on the stream of consciousness technique which allows the main character's inward thoughts to take over the narrative process as well as the issue at stake. Our demonstration consists in justifying the idea according to which the use of stream of consciousness changes the initial data of the narrative by imposing a time scale which has no longer anything to do with that of fiction, but which emanates from real Time, that is to say time without ellipsis, taking into account both elements of objective reality ( the hero's environment ) and of subjectivity ( his thoughts ans perceptions ). In our opinion, this temporal revolution in the heart of narrative ( which shakes the conventionnal form of the naturalist novel to its foundations ) corresponds to the true definition of what modernity represents in literary terms
Cabral, Giordano. "Harmonisation automatique en temps réel." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066236.
Full textSarni, Toufik. "Vers une mémoire transactionnelle temps réel." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00750637.
Full textSalem, Habermehl Rym. "Répartition de programmes synchrones temps réel." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004703.
Full textMaxim, Dorin. "Analyse probabiliste des systèmes temps réel." Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00923006.
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