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Lacy, Dean. "Nonseparable Preferences, Measurement Error, and Unstable Survey Responses." Political Analysis 9, no. 2 (2001): 95–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pan.a004871.
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A person has nonseparable preferences when her preference on an issue depends on the outcome of other issues. A model of survey responses in which preferences are measured with error implies that responses will change depending on the order of questions and vary over time when respondents have nonseparable preferences. Results from two survey experiments confirm that changes in survey responses due to question order are explained by nonseparable preferences but not by the respondent's level of political information, partisanship, or ideology.
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Hayo, Bernd, and Florian Neumeier. "Public Preferences for Government Spending Priorities: Survey Evidence from Germany." German Economic Review 20, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): e1-e37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geer.12149.
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Abstract Employing data from a representative survey conducted in Germany, this paper examines public preferences for the size and composition of government expenditure. We focus on public attitudes towards taxes, public debt incurrence and public spending in six different policy areas. Our findings suggest, first, that individual preferences for the use of additional tax money can be categorised as either capital-oriented expenditure or public debt reduction. Second, we find that fiscal preferences differ along various dimensions. Specifically, personal economic well-being, economic literacy, confidence in politicians, political ideology and time preference are significantly related to individual attitudes towards public spending, taxes and debt. The magnitude of the effects is particularly large for time preference, economic knowledge and party preference. Third, public preferences for public spending priorities are only marginally affected when considering a public budget constraint.
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Cavatorta, Elisa, and David Schröder. "Measuring ambiguity preferences: A new ambiguity preference survey module." Journal of Risk and Uncertainty 58, no. 1 (February 2019): 71–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11166-019-09299-0.
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Zawojska, Ewa. "A Consequential Contingent Valuation Referendum: Still Not Enough to Elicit True Preferences for Public Goods!" Central European Economic Journal 2, no. 49 (March 21, 2018): 73–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ceej-2017-0012.
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Abstract Whether respondents disclose their preferences truthfully in surveys that are used to assess the values of public goods remains a crucial question for the practical application of stated preference methods. The literature suggests that in order to elicit true preferences, respondents should see a valuation survey as consequential: they must believe in the actual consequences that may follow from the survey result. Drawing on recent empirical findings, we develop a model depicting the importance of the consequentiality requirement for truthful preference disclosure in a survey that evaluates a public policy project based on a referendum-format value elicitation question. First, we show that a respondent’s belief that his vote may influence the outcome of the referendum plays a central role for revealing his preferences truthfully. Second, we find that the subjectively perceived probabilities of the successful provision of the public good and of the collection of the payment related to the project implementation not only need to be positive but also to be in a particular relationship with each other. This relationship varies in respondents’ preferences towards risk.
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Yennurajalingam, Sriram, Luis Fernando Rodrigues, Omar M. Shamieh, Colombe Tricou, Marilène Filbet, Kyaw Naing, Akhileshwaran Ramaswamy, et al. "Decisional control preferences among patients with advanced cancer: An international multicenter cross-sectional survey." Palliative Medicine 32, no. 4 (December 13, 2017): 870–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269216317747442.
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Background: Understanding patients’ decision control preferences is important in providing quality cancer care. Patients’ decisional control preference can be either active (patients prefer to make decisions themselves), shared (collaborative between patient, their physician, and/or family), or passive (patients prefer that the decisions are made by either the physician and/or their family). Aim: To determine the frequency and predictors of passive decision control preferences among advanced cancer patients. We also determined the concordance between actual decision-making and decision control preferences and its association with patient satisfaction. Design: In this cross-sectional survey of advanced cancer patients referred to palliative care across 11 countries, we evaluated sociodemographic variables, Control Preference Scale, and satisfaction with the decisions and care. Results: A total of 1490 participants were evaluable. Shared, active, and passive decision control preferences were 33%, 44%, and 23%, respectively. Passive decision control preferences (odds ratio, p value) was more frequent in India (4.34, <0.001), Jordan (3.41, <0.001), and France (3.27, <0.001). Concordance between the actual decision-making and decision control preferences was highest in the United States ( k = 0.74) and lowest in Brazil (0.34). Passive decision control preference was significantly associated with (odds ratio per point, p value) better performance status (0.99/point, 0.017), higher education (0.64, 0.001), and country of origin (Brazil (0.26, <0.0001), Singapore (0.25, 0.0003), South Africa (0.32, 0.0002), and Jordan (2.33, 0.0037)). Conclusion: Passive decision control preferences were less common (23%) than shared and active decision control preference even among developing countries. Significant predictors of passive decision control preferences were performance status, education, and country of origin.
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Carlsson, Fredrik, Dinky Daruvala, and Henrik Jaldell. "Preferences for lives, injuries, and age: A stated preference survey." Accident Analysis & Prevention 42, no. 6 (November 2010): 1814–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2010.05.002.
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Eachus, Joshua D., and Barry D. Keim. "A Survey for Weather Communicators: Twitter and Information Channel Preferences." Weather, Climate, and Society 11, no. 3 (June 19, 2019): 595–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/wcas-d-18-0091.1.
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Abstract It has been almost a decade since researchers assessed user preferences in gathering weather information. Maturing channels and increasingly mobile audiences necessitate the need for understanding what channels people use for weather information, what information people want, and how they react to specific content—especially potentially life-saving warnings. Furthermore, geographically compartmentalizing this information will allow communication strategies to be tailored to a more localized audience. As an initiative to this effort, a survey of digitally connected Louisianians found different channel preferences than were found in previous studies. Beyond this study, future research should seek to identify regional preferences since the last broad study on this topic nearly 10 years ago. In the survey, information preferences are collected with Twitter as the focal point, but other channels are included as choices to assess overall user preference. As older channels such as television decline in preference, mobile telephone applications are disrupting previous literature by quickly gaining popularity while studies on their utility remain in short supply. Results show that user channel preferences do not necessarily align with those that best serve weather communication efforts. Facebook, a channel notoriously problematic from a chronology standpoint, is favored by many respondents. On Twitter, there is a disconnect in the type of information respondents report wanting and what type of information generates a response. Interest in warning messages was not coincident with the threat posed by that specific type of weather. The format—wording and construction—of warning messages that generated the most response on Twitter does not align with extensive literature on proper risk communication.
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Li, Xiaoshu, and G. Andrew Stainback. "On-Site Experience Effect on Stakeholders’ Preferences of Forest Management." Sustainability 12, no. 19 (September 23, 2020): 7845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12197845.
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An understanding of how public preferences vary among different stakeholders toward forest management policies would be helpful in the forest policy design and administration process. In this study, we investigate the preferences toward forest management policies of three stakeholder groups-woodlot owners, environmentalists, and the general public. We used a stated-preference survey to elicit information about stakeholder preferences for forest management practices at Holt Research Forest in Maine. The survey was administered to each group both before and after an on-site experience at the forest. We specifically investigated how information and experience acquired through the on-site experience would influence the preferences of each group. We also conducted a latent class analysis to further explore the preference heterogeneity among survey participants. The results show differences in preferences for forest management policies between stakeholders with the preferences of woodlot owners differing substantially from environmentalists and the general public both before and after the on-site experience. The on-site experience did not have a substantial impact on woodlot owners. In contrast, it increased the consistency of choice decisions among environmentalists and the public.
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Sulitzeanu-Kenan, Raanan, and Eran Halperin. "Making a Difference: Political Efficacy and Policy Preference Construction." British Journal of Political Science 43, no. 2 (August 21, 2012): 295–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123412000324.
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How does individual political efficacy affect the construction of policy preferences? This article presents a model of individual-level politicization of policy preference, which draws on psychological and political explanations and posits that greater external political efficacy results in a stronger effect of political ideology on concrete policy preference. Two empirical studies that test this hypothesis are reported: an original survey experiment conducted in Israel, and an analysis that relies on the 2002 wave of the European Social Survey. The empirical findings support the hypothesis. In contrast to the established conviction that no association exists between political efficacy and policy preferences, these findings reveal that external political efficacy has a polarizing effect on expressed policy preferences.
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Mansfield, Carol, Nina Thomas, David Gebben, Maria Lucas, and A. Brett Hauber. "Preferences for Multiple Sclerosis Treatments." International Journal of MS Care 19, no. 4 (July 1, 2017): 172–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073.2016-039.
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Background: The growing number of treatments for relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS) provides opportunities to consider patient preferences in treatment decisions. Methods: We designed a Web-based, discrete-choice experiment survey to analyze treatment preferences in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). The survey presented hypothetical MS treatments defined by six attributes: risk of MS progression, time between relapses, risk of serious infection, treatment-related flu-like symptoms and gastrointestinal symptoms, and route and frequency of administration. Preference weights estimated with random-parameters logit were used to calculate importance scores and preference shares among three pairs of subsamples. Results: Patients with a self-reported physician diagnosis of RRMS (N = 301) completed the survey: 56% rated their disability level as normal or mild; 43% currently used a self-injectable treatment. Respondents with normal or mild disability levels placed greater weight on avoiding injections with flu-like symptoms and risk of progression, whereas patients with worse disability placed greater weight on reducing risk of progression and risk of serious infection. Patients taking injectables placed the most weight on risk of progression and risk of serious infection, whereas respondents not taking injectables placed the most weight on route and frequency of administration. Differences in preferences between subgroups were significant (P < .05). The presence of common adverse events associated with daily pills and injectables altered predicted preferences for route of administration. Conclusions: Preferences of patients with RRMS varied depending on current treatment and disability level, especially regarding mode of administration. Considering patient preferences for treatment features may lead to higher treatment satisfaction and adherence.
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HAJDUKOVÁ, JANA. "COALITION FORMATION GAMES: A SURVEY." International Game Theory Review 08, no. 04 (December 2006): 613–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219198906001144.
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In this paper we give an overview of various methods used to study cooperation within a set of players. Besides the classical games with transferable utility and games without transferable utility, recently new models have been proposed: the coalition formation games. In these, each player has his own preferences over coalitions to which he could belong and the quality of a coalition structure is evaluated according to its stability. We review various definitions of stability and restrictions of preferences ensuring the existence of a partition stable with respect to a particular stability definition. Further, we stress the importance of preferences over sets of players derived from preferences over individuals and review the known algorithmic results for special types of preferences derived from the best and/or the worst player of a coalition.
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Sikorski, David M., Anupama KizhakkeVeettil, and Gene S. Tobias. "The influence of curricular and extracurricular learning activities on students' choice of chiropractic technique." Journal of Chiropractic Education 30, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7899/jce-15-6.
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Objective: Surveys for the National Board of Chiropractic Examiners indicate that diversified chiropractic technique is the most commonly used chiropractic manipulation method. The study objective was to investigate the influences of our diversified core technique curriculum, a technique survey course, and extracurricular technique activities on students' future practice technique preferences. Methods: We conducted an anonymous, voluntary survey of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd year chiropractic students at our institution. Surveys were pretested for face validity, and data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: We had 164 students (78% response rate) participate in the survey. Diversified was the most preferred technique for future practice by students, and more than half who completed the chiropractic technique survey course reported changing their future practice technique choice as a result. The students surveyed agreed that the chiropractic technique curriculum and their experiences with chiropractic practitioners were the two greatest bases for their current practice technique preference, and that their participation in extracurricular technique clubs and seminars was less influential. Conclusions: Students appear to have the same practice technique preferences as practicing chiropractors. The chiropractic technique curriculum and the students' experience with chiropractic practitioners seem to have the greatest influence on their choice of chiropractic technique for future practice. Extracurricular activities, including technique clubs and seminars, although well attended, showed a lesser influence on students' practice technique preferences.
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Posluszna, Joanna, Agnieszka Burtowy, and Robert Palusinski. "Music Preferences and Tobacco Smoking." Psychological Reports 94, no. 1 (February 2004): 240–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.94.1.240-242.
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This study investigated the association of music preferences with tobacco smoking in a group of 152 high school and college students. Both the questionnaire and the listening survey indicated a higher preference for music associated with anxiety and depressed mood among smokers. These findings may reflect a common etiology of tobacco addiction and a specific type of music preferences. To elucidate this phenomenon further studies are needed.
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Bartkowiak, Grażyna, and Pamela Miśkiewicz. "Firefighters’ preferences regarding underwear – survey results." Occupational Safety – Science and Practice 564, no. 9 (September 21, 2018): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.4721.
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People working as firefighters are frequently exposed to heat factors such as flame or hot objects and surfaces associated with the work environment. As a result of the combination of protective clothing and physical effort in the hot microclimate, unfavorable hydrothermal conditions are formed under clothing, causing serious thermal discomfort. Improving comfort and safety of firefighters can be obtained among others through properly selected underwear clothing made from materials supporting the removal of sweat, water vapour and heat, limiting the accumulation of heat. In order to obtain information about the clothing worn under protective clothing and underwear which is most often used and to recognize preferences and expectations in this area, a survey was carried out among firefighters who are exposed to heat factors during fire-fighting activities.
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Richardson, AndrewJ, and MarkC Charny. "Public survey of resource allocation preferences." Lancet 339, no. 8786 (January 1992): 184–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(92)90253-y.
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McCluskey, Jill J., Catherine A. Durham, and Brady P. Horn. "Consumer Preferences for Socially Responsible Production Attributes Across Food Products." Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 38, no. 3 (December 2009): 345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500009606.
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This study examines consumer preferences for three socially responsible products: minimal-pesticide strawberries, fair-trade bananas, and milk from pasture-fed cows. In-person survey data were collected in four states. Understanding preferences for these characteristics is difficult because they may appeal to different individuals depending on their personal attitudes and values. To address this issue, health, environmental and other attitudes are measured based on survey questions. Responses to these questions are used to produce explanatory factor scores. Stated preference models, both with and without factor scores, are estimated to evaluate the relative strengths of consumer preferences and motivations to purchase these products.
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Peintner, Bart, Paolo Viappiani, and Neil Yorke-Smith. "Preferences in Interactive Systems: Technical Challenges and Case Studies." AI Magazine 29, no. 4 (December 29, 2008): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v29i4.2197.
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Interactive artificial intelligence systems employ preferences in both their reasoning and their interaction with the user. This survey considers preference handling in applications such as recommender systems, personal assistant agents, and personalized user interfaces. We survey the major questions and approaches, present illustrative examples, and give an outlook on potential benefits and challenges.
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Perdomo, Mario, Ali Rezaei, Zachary Patterson, Nicolas Saunier, and Luis F. Miranda-Moreno. "Pedestrian preferences with respect to roundabouts—A video-based stated preference survey." Accident Analysis & Prevention 70 (September 2014): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2014.03.010.
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Braziunas, Darius, and Craig Boutilier. "Elicitation of Factored Utilities." AI Magazine 29, no. 4 (December 28, 2008): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v29i4.2203.
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The effective tailoring of decisions to the needs and desires of specific users requires automated mechanisms for preference assessment. We provide a brief overview of recent direct preference elicitation methods: these methods ask users to answer (ideally, a small number of) queries regarding their preferences and use this information to recommend a feasible decision that would be (approximately) optimal given those preferences. We argue for the importance of assessing numerical utilities rather than qualitative preferences, and survey several utility elicitation techniques from artificial intelligence, operations research, and conjoint analysis.
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Keller, Tamás. "Dare to Dream: A Vignette Survey on Self-Selection in Secondary Education Track Choice." Sociological Research Online 23, no. 2 (February 28, 2018): 354–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1360780418757539.
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This article investigates applications to schools on the highest secondary track in Hungary (grammar schools). In Hungary, primary school pupils can apply to any secondary school. Pupils’ primary school grades play a crucial role only in the admissions procedure, and the exact cut-off point for admission is not known at the time of application. Pupils, however, might adjust their preferences according to their school grades and thus may not apply to schools on their preferred track. Dealing with the endogeneity of pupils’ preferences, the article applies an experimental vignette study. The respondents are primary school pupils who will shortly be applying to secondary schools. They assess the likelihood of a hypothetical pupil (described in the vignette) applying to schools on the highest track. The characteristics of the ‘vignette-person’ (such as his or her grades and preferences) are randomly allocated, and thus preferences are exogenous to grades. The results show no interaction between preferences and grades, which means that a clearly positive preference for grammar school does not compensate for poor grades. This may lead to self-selection, if pupils with a clearly positive preference for grammar school but poor primary school grades do not apply to their preferred secondary track. Since admission cut-off points are not known ahead of application, ignorance of the schools’ requirements is assumed to lie behind this self-selection. The article discusses the implications of the findings and suggests that schools should provide transparent information for applicants about the grades of pupils who have been admitted to those schools in the past.
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Šimonová, Ivana. "Learner Preferences and Rejections of Selected Test Formats." International Journal of Information and Communication Technologies in Education 5, no. 1 (August 1, 2016): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijicte-2016-0003.
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Abstract The article presents the results of the survey on student preferences and rejections of selected types of tests (test formats) reflecting their learning preferences. The survey was conducted at the Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic in the sample of 203 students of Applied Informatics, Information Management, Financial Management and Tourism&Management study programmes. Data were collected by two questionnaires: (1) Learning Combination Inventory by Johnston, which was exploited to detect learner preferences, and (2) Preference/Rejection of selected types of tests, which enabled learners to express their opinions on seven selected types of tests on 10-level Likert scale. The results clearly showed strong preference of questions and tasks pre-defined before the credit test or exam, both in the oral and written forms. This finding might lead to a conclusion that student flexibility and creative thinking are not sufficiently developed for autonomous work and searching for new solutions, as required by numerous educational documents.
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Rudmin, F. W. "Ipsative Dependence and a Solution: Monte Carlo Study of Gordon's Survey of Interpersonal Values." Psychological Reports 63, no. 3 (December 1988): 1005–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.63.3.1005.
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Using scores of preferences for one scale over another gives 15 preference scores instead of 6 scale scores. This is shown to reduce the intercorrelations from a mean r of −.20 among the 6 scale scores to a mean absolute r of .05 among the 15 preference scores.
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Chu, Xiaoquan, Yue Li, Yimeng Xie, Dong Tian, and Weisong Mu. "Regional difference analyzing and prediction model building for Chinese wine consumers’ sensory preference." British Food Journal 122, no. 8 (October 24, 2019): 2587–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-06-2019-0465.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide further insight into Chinese wine consumers’ preference, grasp the regional sensory preference differences of China and build up a predictive model for wine consumers’ sensory preferences. Design/methodology/approach The study involved 3,421 Chinese wine consumers in the survey. Classified statistics were conducted to excavate regional differences of wine consumers’ sensory preferences. By analyzing influencing factors, prediction models for consumers’ sensory attribute preferences were constructed on the basis of multivariate disorder logistic regression method. Findings Empirical research showed that the wine with the following sensory attributes was the most preferred by Chinese consumers: dry red, refreshing and soft taste, still type, moderate aroma degree and mellow aroma, and sweet wine was also popular. Consumers’ preference varied from region to region. The proposed predicting method of the study realized more than 70 percent accuracy when conducting prediction for color, sweetness, aroma type and flavor preferences. Social implications By shedding light on the latest sensory attribute preferences of Chinese wine consumers, this study will help wine industry participants conduct market segmentation based on the diversification of consumers’ preferences. The wine enterprises can gain guidance from the results to conduct market positioning, adjust strategies and provide specific production for target wine consumers. Originality/value Based on the actual situation of Chinese wine market, this study defines sensory attribute indexes of wine from the perspective of wine consumers and presents the most recent comprehensive research on the sensory preferences of Chinese wine consumers through a nationwide survey.
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Stegmueller, Daniel. "Modeling Dynamic Preferences: A Bayesian Robust Dynamic Latent Ordered Probit Model." Political Analysis 21, no. 3 (2013): 314–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pan/mpt001.
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Much politico-economic research on individuals' preferences is cross-sectional and does not model dynamic aspects of preference or attitude formation. I present a Bayesian dynamic panel model, which facilitates the analysis of repeated preferences using individual-level panel data. My model deals with three problems. First, I explicitly include feedback from previous preferences taking into account that available survey measures of preferences are categorical. Second, I model individuals' initial conditions when entering the panel as resulting from observed and unobserved individual attributes. Third, I capture unobserved individual preference heterogeneity both via standard parametric random effects and a robust alternative based on Bayesian nonparametric density estimation. I use this model to analyze the impact of income and wealth on preferences for government intervention using the British Household Panel Study from 1991 to 2007.
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Slightam, Cindie, Amy J. Gregory, Jiaqi Hu, Josephine Jacobs, Tolessa Gurmessa, Rachel Kimerling, Daniel Blonigen, and Donna M. Zulman. "Patient Perceptions of Video Visits Using Veterans Affairs Telehealth Tablets: Survey Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 4 (April 15, 2020): e15682. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15682.
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Background Video-based health care can help address access gaps for patients and is rapidly being offered by health care organizations. However, patients who lack access to technology may be left behind in these initiatives. In 2016, the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) began distributing video-enabled tablets to provide video visits to veterans with health care access barriers. Objective This study aimed to evaluate veterans’ experiences with VA-issued tablets and identify patient characteristics associated with preferences for video visits vs in-person care. Methods A baseline survey was sent to the tablet recipients, and a follow-up survey was sent to the respondents 3 to 6 months later. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify patient characteristics associated with preferences for care, and we examined qualitative themes around care preferences using standard content analysis methods for coding the data collected in the open-ended questions. Results Patient-reported access barriers centered around transportation and health-related challenges, outside commitments, and feeling uncomfortable or uneasy at the VA. Satisfaction with the tablet program was high, and in the follow-up survey, approximately two-thirds of tablet recipients preferred care via a tablet (194/604, 32.1%) or expressed that video-based and in-person care were “about the same” (216/604, 35.7%), whereas one-third (192/604, 31.7%) indicated a preference for in-person care. Patients were significantly more likely to report a preference for video visits (vs a preference for in-person visits or rating them “about the same”) if they felt uncomfortable in a VA setting, reported a collaborative communication style with their doctor, had a substance use disorder diagnosis, or lived in a place with better broadband coverage. Patients were less likely to report a preference for video visits if they had more chronic conditions. Qualitative analyses identified four themes related to preferences for video-based care: perceived improvements in access to care, perceived differential quality of care, feasibility of obtaining necessary care, and technology-related challenges. Conclusions Many recipients of VA-issued tablets report that video care is equivalent to or preferred to in-person care. Results may inform efforts to identify good candidates for virtual care and interventions to support individuals who experience technical challenges.
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Zeithammer, Robert, and Ryan P. Kellogg. "The Hesitant Hai Gui: Return-Migration Preferences of U.S.-Educated Chinese Scientists and Engineers." Journal of Marketing Research 50, no. 5 (October 2013): 644–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmr.11.0394.
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Managers, research administrators, and policy makers need a greater understanding of the factors that drive employment preferences of foreign science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) doctoral graduates of U.S. universities. To address this need, the authors report the results of a large multischool conjoint survey of return-migration preferences among U.S. STEM doctoral students from China. The survey presents the respondents with potential job offers and yields individual-level estimates of each respondent's indirect utility of a job as a function of location, job status, and salary. The authors use a delayed follow-up choice task to demonstrate stability of the preference estimates both over time and across response modalities. The estimated preferences imply that Chinese doctoral graduates tend to remain in the United States because of a large salary disparity between the two countries rather than because of an inherent preference for locating in the United States. Given these estimated preferences, the authors conduct several policy-relevant, counterfactual simulations of return-migration choice and outline effective targeting and positioning strategy for attracting Chinese STEM talent.
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Alharbi, Homood A., Adel F. Almutairi, Eyad M. Alhelih, and Abdualrahman S. Alshehry. "The Learning Preferences among Nursing Students in the King Saud University in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Survey." Nursing Research and Practice 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3090387.
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Objective.The present study aimed to identify the most common learning preferences among the nursing students in Saudi Arabia and to investigate the associations of certain demographic variables with the learning preferences.Methods.All the undergraduate nursing students in the nursing college were requested to participate in this descriptive cross-sectional study. An Arabic version of the Felder-Silverman learning style model (FSLSM) questionnaire was used to examine the learning preferences among undergraduate nursing students.Results.A total of 56 (43%) completed questionnaires were included in the final analysis. Results of the present study indicate that the most common learning preferences among the nursing students were visual (67.9%), followed by active (50%) and sequential (37.5%) learning preferences. The verbal style was the least common learning preference (3.6%) among the nursing students. There was no association between gender and learning preferences (p>.05).Conclusion.The present study concluded that the visual, active, and sequential styles are the commonest learning preferences among the nursing students. The nursing educators should emphasize the use of this information in their teaching methods to improve learning skills among the nursing students.
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Batterham, Philip J., and Alison L. Calear. "Preferences for Internet-Based Mental Health Interventions in an Adult Online Sample: Findings From an Online Community Survey." JMIR Mental Health 4, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): e26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/mental.7722.
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Background Despite extensive evidence that Internet interventions are effective in treating mental health problems, uptake of Internet programs is suboptimal. It may be possible to make Internet interventions more accessible and acceptable through better understanding of community preferences for delivery of online programs. Objective This study aimed to assess community preferences for components, duration, frequency, modality, and setting of Internet interventions for mental health problems. Methods A community-based online sample of 438 Australian adults was recruited using social media advertising and administered an online survey on preferences for delivery of Internet interventions, along with scales assessing potential correlates of these preferences. Results Participants reported a preference for briefer sessions, although they recognized a trade-off between duration and frequency of delivery. No clear preference for the modality of delivery emerged, although a clear majority preferred tailored programs. Participants preferred to access programs through a computer rather than a mobile device. Although most participants reported that they would seek help for a mental health problem, more participants had a preference for face-to-face sources only than online programs only. Younger, female, and more educated participants were significantly more likely to prefer Internet delivery. Conclusions Adults in the community have a preference for Internet interventions with short modules that are tailored to individual needs. Individuals who are reluctant to seek face-to-face help may also avoid Internet interventions, suggesting that better implementation of existing Internet programs requires increasing acceptance of Internet interventions and identifying specific subgroups who may be resistant to seeking help.
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Sehic, Sandro. "Educational Preferences Among Conservatives and Liberals in the United States: A Quantitative Survey Study." Journal of Education and Learning 9, no. 5 (August 17, 2020): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v9n5p106.
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The purpose of this quantitative survey research study was to explore educational preferences among individuals of conservative and liberal political orientation and of both genders in the United States of America with a 13-questionnaire survey that includes questions relating to different educational preferences. The literature review has revealed previously conducted research study that suggest that individuals of conservative and liberal political orientation may have psychological differences in the domain of emotions, attention, self-control, and cognition. However, the literature review did not reveal research studies that explored educational preferences between individuals with conservative and liberal political orientation in the United States. The results suggest that statistically significant difference exists in the preference to study abroad (χ ² (1, N = 200) = 3.739, p = 0.05). Additional differences, but without a statistically significant differences, were found in the preferences to read fiction and non-fiction genre, perform physically and non-physically challenging activities, perform reading and written assignments, and study in instructional settings where ration between the teachers and technology is uneven.
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Yusma F, Jenio. "CUSTOMER PREFERENCE IN STORING WADIAH YAD DHAMANAH SAVINGS (Survey at Bank BRI Syariah KCP Setiabudhi)." Review of Islamic Economics and Finance 1, no. 1 (December 19, 2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/rief.v1i1.16157.
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This research aims to know the influence of product quality, and quality service to the customer's preferences in store savings wadiah yad dhamanah. The method used was explanatory survey with multiple linear regression test tool. The respondents of the research was Bank BRI Syariah KCP Setiabudhi Bandung. As for the sampling technique used is a sampling of saturated. The results showed a preference Bank BRI Syariah KCP Setiabudhi can be categorized and significantly higher client preferences are influenced by the variable quality of product and service quality.
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Dudík, Roman, Vlastimil Borůvka, Marcel Riedl, and Tomáš Holeček. "DATA MINING AND ITS IMPACT ON MARKETING COMMUNICATION – CASE: HEAT-TREATED BIRCH WOOD." WOOD RESEARCH 66(3) 2021 66, no. 3 (July 20, 2021): 463–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/66.3.463476.
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The article presents the results of a marketing survey in the area of customer preferences in the case of different degrees of heat-treated solid wood and birch veneer. Part of the marketing survey was a questionnaire survey, where the respondents, as potential customers, expressed their preferences for individual samples which, at first glance, differed in colour due to the different degrees of heat treatment. The result of the research is a clear preference for the heat-treated samples compared to the reference sample without heat treatment. A more detailed secondary analysis of the data from the questionnaire survey was performed with regard to the gender, age and education of the respondents. Here, too, it is possible to conclude a clear preference for heat-treated samples for these groups of respondents. The article also analyses the possibilities of the marketing strategy with a focus on marketing communication, especially in relation to wood processors and producers.
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Voorzaat, Bram M., Cynthia J. Janmaat, Esther D. Wilschut, Koen EA Van Der Bogt, Friedo W. Dekker, and Joris I. Rotmans. "No consensus on physicians’ preferences on vascular access management after kidney transplantation: Results of a multi-national survey." Journal of Vascular Access 20, no. 1 (May 30, 2018): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1129729818776905.
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Objective: Arteriovenous fistulas for hemodialysis vascular access are a burden for the cardiovascular system. After successful kidney transplantation, prophylactic arteriovenous fistula ligation may improve cardiac outcomes; however, evidence is scarce. This survey investigates physicians’ preference for management of arteriovenous fistulas and identifies the factors associated with preference for either arteriovenous fistula ligation or maintenance. Materials and methods: A survey was sent to members of eight national and international Nephrology and Vascular Surgery societies. The survey comprised eight case vignettes of asymptomatic patients with a functioning arteriovenous fistula after kidney transplantation. Characteristics possibly associated with treatment preferences were arteriovenous fistula flow, left ventricular ejection fraction, and patient age. Respondents were asked to state preference to maintain or ligate the arteriovenous fistula. Linear mixed-effects models were used to investigate the association of treatment preference with case characteristics. Results: A total of 585 surveys were returned. A reduced left ventricular ejection fraction of 30% (beta 0.60, 95% confidence interval 0.55; 0.65) and a high flow of 2500 mL/min (beta 0.46, 95% confidence interval 0.41; 0.51) were associated with a higher preference for arteriovenous fistula ligation. Disagreement among respondents was considerable, as in four out of eight cases less than 70% of respondents agreed on the arteriovenous fistula management strategy. Conclusion: Although respondents recognize a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and a high flow as the risk factors, the high disagreement on management preferences suggests that evidence is inconclusive to recommend arteriovenous fistula ligation or maintenance after kidney transplantation. More research is needed to determine optimal arteriovenous fistula management after successful kidney transplantation.
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Alashaikh, Abdulaziz, Eisa Alanazi, and Ala Al-Fuqaha. "A Survey on the Use of Preferences for Virtual Machine Placement in Cloud Data Centers." ACM Computing Surveys 54, no. 5 (June 2021): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3450517.
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With the rapid development of virtualization techniques, cloud data centers allow for cost-effective, flexible, and customizable deployments of applications on virtualized infrastructure. Virtual machine (VM) placement aims to assign each virtual machine to a server in the cloud environment. VM Placement is of paramount importance to the design of cloud data centers. Typically, VM placement involves complex relations and multiple design factors as well as local policies that govern the assignment decisions. It also involves different constituents including cloud administrators and customers that might have disparate preferences while opting for a placement solution. Thus, it is often valuable to return not only an optimized solution to the VM placement problem but also a solution that reflects the given preferences of the constituents. In this article, we provide a detailed review on the role of preferences in the recent literature on VM placement. We examine different preference representations found in the literature, explain their existing usage, and explain the adopted solving approaches. We further discuss key challenges and identify possible research opportunities to better incorporate preferences within the context of VM placement.
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Ozdemir, Semra, F. Reed Johnson, and Dale Whittington. "Process, Ideology, and Willingness to Pay for Reducing Childhood Poverty." Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis 7, no. 3 (2016): 373–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bca.2016.17.
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We investigated the perceived value of government programs on early-childhood development as a means of reducing childhood poverty. We incorporated preferences for the process as well as the outcome by developing two stated-preference survey instruments. One survey directly elicited respondents’ willingness to pay specifically for high-quality, intensive, early-childhood development programs at federal and state levels. A second survey elicited respondents’ preferences for increasing or decreasing taxes and reallocating expenditures between other government programs and early-childhood programs. We found that respondents cared greatly about how childhood poverty was reduced, not just reducing poverty per se. The perceived effectiveness of a program and ideological perspective were found to be important determinants of preferences for a poverty-reduction program. Respondents across all groups, including conservatives and respondents who perceived the effectiveness of early-childhood programs to be low, were not in favor of reducing the early-childhood program.
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Costa-Font, Joan, and Frank Cowell. "SOCIAL IDENTITY AND REDISTRIBUTIVE PREFERENCES: A SURVEY." Journal of Economic Surveys 29, no. 2 (February 20, 2014): 357–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/joes.12061.
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Qiao, Yuhua, Khi V. Thai, and Glenn Cummings. "State and local procurement preferences: A survey." Journal of Public Procurement 9, no. 3/4 (March 2009): 371–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jopp-09-03-04-2009-b003.
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Eremutha, Francis, and Veronica Chizoba Gabriel. "Reversible Male Contraceptives Preferences in Nigeria Survey." Universal Journal of Medical Science 6, no. 3 (December 2018): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/ujmsj.2018.060301.
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Fullerton, Jami, Alice Kendrick, and Connie Frazier. "Advertising Student Career Preferences: A National Survey." Journal of Advertising Education 13, no. 2 (November 2009): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109804820901300211.
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MacLellan, Deborah, Catherine Morley, Karol Traviss, and Theresa Cividin. "Toward Evidence-based, Client-centred Nutrition Education Guidelines: Dietitian and Consumer Survey Results." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 72, no. 3 (September 2011): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/72.3.2011.111.
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Purpose: Dietitian and consumer perspectives on nutrition education needs and preferences were explored, as these relate to health status. Methods: Phases 1 and 2 of a three-phase, mixed-methods study are reported. Phase 1 was a national online survey of dietitians, which was designed to inform the development of a consumer survey (Phase 2). Consumers responded to an online survey about their demographics, medical conditions, and nutrition education needs (what they wanted to learn) and preferences (how they wanted to learn). Phase 3 involved teleconferenced discussion groups with dietitians across Canada to develop guidelines for nutrition education. Results: Dietitian respondents (n=441) perceived that consumer health status was important in predicting needs and preferences for nutrition education; emotional support was considered most important for consumers with life-altering medical conditions. Consumers (n=680) expressed interest in an array of nutrition education approaches; cooking tips, recipes, and supplement advice were the most popular. Respondents with and without medical conditions had similar nutrition education needs and preferences. Conclusions: Because of the complexity of nutrition education and consumers’ preference for a spectrum of approaches and delivery methods, evidence-based nutrition education guidelines are important to inform dietetics training for the provision of client-centred nutrition education.
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Wright, Stuart James, Fiona Ulph, Tina Lavender, Nimarta Dharni, and Katherine Payne. "Understanding Midwives’ Preferences for Providing Information About Newborn Bloodspot Screening." MDM Policy & Practice 3, no. 1 (January 2018): 238146831774617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2381468317746170.
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Background: Understanding preferences for information provision in the context of health care service provision is challenging because of the number of potential attributes that may influence preferences. This study aimed to identify midwives’ preferences for the process and outcomes of information provision in an expanded national newborn bloodspot screening program. Design: A sample of practicing midwives completed a hybrid-stated preference survey including a conjoint analysis (CA) and discrete choice experiment to quantify preferences for the types of, and way in which, information should be provided in a newborn bloodspot screening program. Six conjoint analysis questions captured the impact of different types of information on parents’ ability to make a decision, and 10 discrete choice experiment questions identified preferences for four process attributes (including parents’ ability to make a decision). Results: Midwives employed by the UK National Health Service (n = 134) completed the survey. All types of information content were perceived to improve parents’ ability to make a decision except for the possibility of false-positive results. Late pregnancy was seen to be the best time to provide information, followed by day 3 postbirth. Information before 20 weeks of pregnancy was viewed as reducing parents’ ability to make a decision. Midwives preferred information to be provided by an individual discussion and did not think parents should receive information on the Internet. Conclusion: A hybrid stated preference survey design identified that a wide variety of information should be provided to maximize parents’ ability to make a decision ideally provided late in pregnancy or on day 3 postbirth.
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Hasanzadeh, Kamyar, Marketta Kyttä, and Greg Brown. "Beyond Housing Preferences: Urban Structure and Actualisation of Residential Area Preferences." Urban Science 3, no. 1 (February 6, 2019): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci3010021.
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The concept of residential housing preferences has been studied across multiple disciplines, with extensive literature supporting both stated and revealed preference methods. This study argues that both preference types, stated and revealed, should be assessed concurrently to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of residential housing choices. To provide evidence, this research used findings from a public participation GIS survey that identified the stated housing preferences associated with three categories of urban residents, which were called urban “tribes”. We implemented an analytical framework using fuzzy modelling to relate stated preferences with revealed preferences for the same individuals using empirical data describing the urban structure in Tampere, Finland. Following an analysis of the relationships between residents’ revealed preferences and urban structural variables, we examined the consistency of stated housing preferences with revealed preferences. The results show considerable mismatch between the stated and revealed preferences for the urban tribes that were examined i.e., the preferred housing environment was significantly different from the actual living environment. Further, the stated preferences showed disequilibrium within the current structure of the housing supply in Tampere. The findings can have important implications for housing policy making in Tampere. Further, the use of a novel fuzzy model approach demonstrated a flexible and tolerant method for working with imprecise and variable social data to capture subtle differences. Finally, this study elaborately discusses the remaining limitations and suggests how they should be addressed in future research.
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Yandito, Mezky Matthew, and Alvinsyah . "MODEL PILIHAN PENUMPANG ANGKUTAN KOTA DAN KERETA REL LISTRIK DI JAKARTA." Jurnal Transportasi 19, no. 1 (April 29, 2019): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26593/jt.v19i1.3261.39-48.
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Abstract With the operation of the Electric Rail Train in the Jakarta Kota-Tanjung Priok route at the end of 2015, it is estimated that there is a potential for the transfer of passengers from other modes to the Electric Rail Train. The purpose of this study is to estimate the factors that influence passenger preferences in traveling on the Jakarta Kota-Tanjung Priok route and form a demand analysis tool in the form of a modal choice model. The analysis was carried out using the binomial logit model approach which was developed based on the stated preference survey results on public transportation passengers that traveled on the similar route as the route where the Electric Rail Train operates. The factors included in the stated preference survey were obtained through literature studies and interviews, and through a pilot survey 3 factors were chosen which most influenced the mode choice. Based on the results of the correlation test, it was found that the variable that most influences the mode choice is the tariff. Keywords: passenger preferences, choice model, stated preference, tariff Abstrak Dengan beroperasinya Kereta Rel Listrik rute Jakarta Kota–Tanjung Priok pada akhir tahun 2015, diperkirakan terdapat potensi perpindahan penumpang dari moda lainnya ke Kereta Rel Listrik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperkirakan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi preferensi penumpang dalam melakukan perjalanan di rute Jakarta Kota–Tanjung Priok dan membentuk perangkat analisis permintaan berbentuk model pemilihan moda. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan model logit binomial yang dikembangkan berdasarkan hasil survei stated preference terhadap penumpang angkot yang melalui rute yang sama dengan rute Kereta Rel Listrik. Faktor-faktor yang dimasukkan dalam survei stated preference diperoleh melalui studi literatur dan wawancara, dan melalui survei pilot dipilih 3 faktor yang dinilai paling memengaruhi pilihan moda. Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi ditemukan bahwa variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap pilihan moda adalah tarif. Kata-kata kunci: preferensi penumpang, model pemilihan, stated preference, tarif
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Cassarino, Marica, Eleanor Bantry-White, and Annalisa Setti. "Cognitive and Sensory Dimensions of Older People’s Preferences of Outdoor Spaces for Walking: A Survey Study in Ireland." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 8 (April 14, 2019): 1340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16081340.
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Background: Physical exercise, particularly walking, benefits healthy ageing. Understanding the environmental circumstances in which exercise occurs is crucial to the promotion of physical activity in older age. Most studies have focused on the structural dimensions of environments that may foster walking; however, individual differences in how older people perceive and interact with outdoor spaces need further attention. This study explored the cognitive and sensory dimensions of preferences of outdoor spaces for walking. Methods: We invited 112 healthy community-dwelling people aged ≥60 years to complete a survey to test associations between walking preferences and cognitive/sensory vulnerability. A subsample also completed focus groups/walk along interviews to explore qualitatively the cognitive/sensory reasons for outdoor walking preferences. Results: While most participants indicated a preference for outdoor spaces that offer variety and greenery, we observed a complex association between individual cognitive/sensory needs (stimulation seeking vs. avoidance), preferences for social interactions, and the place of residence urbanity level. Furthermore, walking preferences varied based on the purpose of the walk (recreation vs. transportation). Conclusions: Our findings support an ecological approach to understanding determinants of physical activity in older age, which consider the interaction between individual cognitive processing and the environment.
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Eshun-Wilson, Ingrid, Aaloke Mody, Khai Hoan Tram, Cory Bradley, Alexander Sheve, Branson Fox, Vetta Thompson, and Elvin H. Geng. "Preferences for COVID-19 vaccine distribution strategies in the US: A discrete choice survey." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 20, 2021): e0256394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256394.
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Background The COVID-19 vaccination campaign in the US has been immensely successful in vaccinating those who are receptive, further increases in vaccination rates however will require more innovative approaches to reach those who remain hesitant. Developing vaccination strategies that are modelled on what people want could further increase uptake. Methods and findings To inform COVID-19 vaccine distribution strategies that are aligned with public preferences we conducted a discrete choice experiment among the US public (N = 2,895) between March 15 to March 22, 2021. We applied sampling weights, evaluated mean preferences using mixed logit models, and identified latent class preference subgroups. On average, the public prioritized ease, preferring single to two dose vaccinations (mean preference: -0.29; 95%CI: -0.37 to -0.20), vaccinating once rather than annually (mean preference: -0.79; 95%CI: -0.89 to -0.70) and reducing waiting times at vaccination sites. Vaccine enforcement reduced overall vaccine acceptance (mean preference -0.20; 95%CI: -0.30 to -0.10), with a trend of increasing resistance to enforcement with increasing vaccine hesitancy. Latent class analysis identified four distinct preference phenotypes: the first prioritized inherent “vaccine features” (46.1%), the second were concerned about vaccine “service delivery” (8.8%), a third group desired “social proof” of vaccine safety and were susceptible to enforcement (13.2%), and the fourth group were “indifferent” to vaccine and service delivery features and resisted enforcement (31.9%). Conclusions This study identifies several critical insights for the COVID-19 public health response. First, identifying preference segments is essential to ensure that vaccination services meet the needs of diverse population subgroups. Second, making vaccination easy and promoting autonomy by simplifying services and offering the public choices (where feasible) may increase uptake in those who remain deliberative. And, third vaccine mandates have the potential to increase vaccination rates in susceptible groups but may simultaneously promote control aversion and resistance in those who are most hesitant.
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Weisong, Mu, Li Chengcheng, Tian Dong, and Feng Jianying. "Chinese consumers’ behavior and preference to table grapes." British Food Journal 118, no. 1 (January 4, 2016): 231–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bfj-06-2015-0211.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze and identify Chinese consumers’ behavior and preference characters toward table grapes, especially to explore the variance of consumption preference in recent five years. Design/methodology/approach – Two representative China-wide questionnaire surveys were conducted by face-to-face and online questionnaire survey, respectively, in 2009 and 2014. Comparative study was adopted to dig the changes of consumers’ preferences and habits. ANOVA was adopted to explore the statistically difference among consumers’ behavior and preferences. Findings – The results indicate that Chinese consumers are rational-motivation-driven grape consumers, they prefer to sweet taste, seedless and medium priced grapes. Safety and quality characters (clean appearance, freshness and taste) were ranked as the most important grape attributes. As a whole, it was found that consumers are more quality-focussed and safety-conscious five years later, so some variances was showed in their purchase habits and preferences, such as the choice of purchase place, attitude to special grapes and willingness to pay to safe and genetically modified grapes. Originality/value – This research not only indicates some stable preferences of Chinese consumers toward table grape, but also finds out some significant changes in consumers’ behavior before and after five years based on a comparative study in 2009 and 2014.
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Ashton, Lee M., Philip J. Morgan, Melinda J. Hutchesson, Megan E. Rollo, and Clare E. Collins. "Young Men’s Preferences for Design and Delivery of Physical Activity and Nutrition Interventions: A Mixed-Methods Study." American Journal of Men's Health 11, no. 5 (July 4, 2017): 1588–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988317714141.
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Young adult men are under-represented in health research, and little is known about how to reach and engage them in lifestyle interventions. This mixed-methods study aimed to explore young males’ preferences for recruitment strategies, content, format (delivery mode and program duration and frequency), and facilitator characteristics for future physical activity and nutrition interventions. Ten focus groups involving 61 men (aged 18–25 years) in the Hunter region, New South Wales, Australia and an online survey distributed within Australia were completed by 282 males (aged 18–25 years). Key focus group themes included a preference for recruitment via multiple sources, ensuring images and recruiters were relatable; intervention facilitators to be engaging and refrain from discussing negative consequences of being unhealthy. Key program content preferences included skill development and individualized goals and feedback. Focus groups and the survey confirmed a preference for multiple delivery modes, including; face-to-face (group and individual), with support using eHealth technologies. Survey results confirmed the most favored program content as: “healthy eating on a budget,” “quick and easy meals,” and “resistance training.” Focus group responses suggested a program duration of ≥6 months, with 2–3 combined face-to-face and supportive eHealth sessions per week. Survey intervention duration preference was 3 months with 4 face-to-face sessions per month. Findings can guide the design, conduct, and evaluation of relevant contemporary physical activity and or nutrition interventions for young men. There is a need to identify the most effective ways to address young men’s individual preferences in intervention research.
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Ju, Connie, and Devra B. Becker. "Faculty Preferences in Clinical Education Recognition: A Survey of Faculty at 3 Institutions." FACE 1, no. 1 (July 2020): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2732501620949189.
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Purpose: Innovative studies have created proposals for measuring productivity using Relative Value Unit (RVU) or Educational Value Unit (EVU) systems, but little attention has been given to faculty preferences for rewarding educational activity. This study assesses perceptions of educational value and reward preferences for educational involvement of faculty at 3 different hospital systems affiliated with 1 medical school. Method: A 25-question electronic survey was sent to clinical faculty across 3 distinct hospital systems affiliated with a Midwestern medical school in spring 2015. Results were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and free text comments were reviewed for common themes. Results: A total of 4325 surveys were distributed and 361/467 (77%) of the surveys opened were completed for an overall response rate of 8%. Of the respondents 55% were employed by the primary affiliate hospital. Most respondents believed some method of recognition for educational activities should be in place at their institution. Overall, clinical faculty believed their own hospital systems valued education less than the school of medicine and their departments did. Most faculty gave highest preference for academic recognition, reduction in RVU requirements, or an adoption of an EVU system. Conclusion: Most faculty preferred reduced RVU requirements, adoption of an EVU system, or some method of academic recognition to reward educational activity. Differences in results between hospital systems suggest institutional climate may influence faculty preferences.
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Gao, Tian, Huiyi Liang, Yuxuan Chen, and Ling Qiu. "Comparisons of Landscape Preferences through Three Different Perceptual Approaches." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 23 (November 27, 2019): 4754. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234754.
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In order to identify the effects and divergences of the different landscape perception approaches on landscape preference, this study investigated people’s preferences for urban green spaces with different vegetation structures in the early spring through using three approaches, which were on-site survey, photo elicitation and VR technology. The results showed that: (a) There were significant differences among the three approaches for landscape preference, among which there was a significant difference between VR technology and the other two approaches, while no differences between on-site survey and photo elicitation were found. (b) The respondents showed significant differences in their preferences for the urban green spaces with the different vegetation structures through VR technology, and the semi-open green space received the highest preference score. (c) Whatever the approach employed, there were no significant differences in gender and professional background groups for landscape preference. (d) In the comparisons of the three different approaches, the respondents were more willing to choose physical recreational activities to be conducted in the early spring. Based on the above results, the three approaches of landscape perception were divergent and irreplaceable. It is, thus, suggested that the approach of landscape perception should be carefully selected for a specific landscape in a certain season, so as to provide a scientific basis for the evaluation of landscape perception and preference in the future.
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McLaverty, P., and N. M. Yip. "The Preference for Owner-Occupation." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 25, no. 11 (November 1993): 1559–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a251559.
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There have been a number of surveys of people's housing-tenure preferences in the last few years, all of which show large majorities preferring to own rather than rent their dwelling. Debate rages, however, about how the survey findings should be interpreted. The theoretical debate has not been helped by the limited information supplied in many of the surveys. Using data in the 1978 General Household Survey (GHS), Littlewood made a more detailed analysis of tenure preferences, providing a basis for future longitudinal studies of changing tenure preferences. In the 1988 GHS, respondents were asked the same questions as in 1978 about their housing-tenure preferences. The findings of the 1988 survey have been analysed and, in this paper, those findings are compared with the results of Littlewood's analysis of the 1978 data and provide some important information which can contribute to a theoretical understanding of changing tenure preferences and to the debates about the meaning of expressed tenure preferences. Where possible Littlewood's methods have been replicated; where this was not possible, an attempt has been made to give an explanation in the appropriate part of the text. Also, Littlewood's analysis has been extended in certain areas. However, it is argued that although some important information is provided in this paper, if an understanding of the significance of people's housing-tenure preferences is to be achieved, more in-depth interviewing of a qualitative or discursive nature is needed.
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Towns, Rachel, Sara Quinney, Rebecca Pierson, and David Haas. "Survey of Provider Preferences Regarding the Route of Misoprostol for Induction of Labor at Term." American Journal of Perinatology Reports 07, no. 03 (July 2017): e158-e162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1603954.
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Objective To survey obstetrical provider preferences regarding use of misoprostol for induction of labor (IOL). Methods An anonymous 25-question survey was distributed at an American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) joint District V and VII Meeting in 2014 to obstetrics providers. The same survey was sent electronically to local providers. A separate survey was emailed to the labor and delivery nurses at two of the teaching hospitals in Indianapolis. The surveys queried provider demographics, dosing practice for misoprostol, opinions regarding different dosing strategies, and instructions on buccal administration. Results A total of 113 (46.5%) providers responded. Of these, 92.9% used misoprostol for IOL, 73% preferred the vaginal route, 20% preferred buccal administration, and 7% oral administration. Only resident physician and midwife providers endorsed buccal route preference. Being a midwife independently predicted a preference for using buccal misoprostol (odds ratio [OR]: 125.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.9–1992.3). Additionally, 44 nurses completed the survey regarding administration techniques of buccal misoprostol. Also, 54.5% of nurses correctly instructed their patients on buccal administration techniques. Conclusion Although not extensively studied, one-fifth of providers, particularly nurse midwives, prefer buccal administration of misoprostol for IOL. The majority of nurses correctly administered buccal misoprostol. There may be a need for further study and education about buccal administration of misoprostol for IOL.