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Wang, Qianneng, and Yujie Huang. "Identification and Management of Requirements Debt : Systematic Mapping Study and Survey." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-20649.
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Background: Technical debt(TD) is incurred when developers accept compromises in a system in one dimension to meet urgent demand in some other dimensions (e.g., a deadline). If technical debt is not managed correctly, it will cause hidden danger to software’s long term success. It does not get enough attention when TD applies to the requirements engineering. Objectives: In this study, we investigate the current state of requirements debt(ReD). We aim to give a precise definition of ReD. We also focus on the factors that can induce ReD in the requirement engineering and requirement management process. Moreover, we want to summarize the measurement tools to detect and locate the ReD. Finally, we try to find approaches and ideas to manage ReD. Methods: We conducted a systematic mapping study (SMS) and a survey for all of the objectives. When performing the systematic mapping study, we applied snow- balling method to ensure we find related and enough papers. Results: According to the analysis and results of SMS and the survey, we concluded the definition of requirements debt. We also presented and classified 54 ReD induced factors into 8 categories. 10 ReD measurement techniques searched from literatures were listed with a brief description for each one, suggestions from software practi- tioners on ReD detection also gathered and displayed. The management techniques and theoretical suggestions were presented based on related factors. Conclusions: From research result, we find academia and industry lay different emphasises on how to manage ReD. To stimulate Industry pay more attention on control and manage ReD effectively, this paper calls for the two sides to work on the same point.
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Pakki, Neetika Roy, and Sritheja Kavuri. "Managing Quality Requirements in Requirements Engineering Process : A survey." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-13546.
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Context. Requirements play vital role in building the software application.These requirements are of two types: Functional requirements andNon-functional requirements (or quality requirements). Many of the organizationsconsider only functional requirements during the early stages ofdevelopment cycle. Poor management of the non-functional requirementsmay affect factors such as success rate, project cost and standards of thebuilding product. So it is important to manage the quality requirements inthe right phase at the right time. Our thesis mainly concentrates on fivequality aspects of Requirements Engineering Process. The quality aspectsElicitation, Quality Requirements Metrics, Dependencies, Cost Estimationand Prioritization.We have concentrated on whether there are any changesin the focus on the quality requirements depending on the quality aspectsof requirement engineering process and in identifying which quality requirementis analysed at each of the five quality aspects depending on the functionalrequirements. And we also tried to identify the challenges faced bythe organizations due to handling of quality requirements at each of the fivequality aspects of the requirement engineering process in order to provideuseful information to the further studies to this problem. Objectives. In this thesis, we investigated how the quality requirementsare handled and managed in the 5 quality aspects of requirements engineeringprocess. The main objectives in this thesis are: To identify if the focus on quality requirements change with respect to tothe quality aspects of RE process. To identify a correlation between focusing on certain functional requirementand the resulting type of quality requirement i.e.; impact onquality requirements based on selected functional requirement. To identify the challenges faced by the organizations when focusing onthe quality requirements in each of quality aspects mentioned earlier. Methods. In this thesis study we first conducted a Systematic LiteratureReview (SLR) through Snowballing process to identify available literatureabout functional and non-functional requirements. Later Narrative analysiswas used to analyse the SLR results. Further an industrial survey wasconducted. Statistical analysis was performed, chi-square test of significancewas used to analyse the results. Results. The results for the research questions of this thesis are observedentirely through survey results. Data that is collected through SLR is usedto validate the obtained results. From the survey responses, it is observedthat among the five quality aspects that are identified through SLR, qualitymetrics is given more importance by large number of organisations and isfollowed by cost estimation. It is observed that elicitation is identified byless number of respondents. It is also observed that more number of respondentssuggested that there will not be any change in the focus of qualityrequirements depending on the quality aspects of RE process. It is identifiedthat there is a high impact of the selection of functional requirementson the quality requirements as per the survey results and majority of therespondents stated that the selection of quality requirements is dependenton the functional requirements. It is interesting that from the survey results,it is identified that almost half of the respondents’ organisations aretreating functional requirements equally and half of them are treating separately.Several challenges that may arise while implementing the qualityrequirements are also identified through both SLR and survey. Conclusions. This thesis help the further researches to get a detailed ideaon quality requirements, their usage in the organisations and the challengesfaced by them while implementing quality requirements. As this study involvedseveral observations that are related to the influence of functionalrequirements on quality requirements and the relation between the managementof quality requirements and RE process, it serves as a reference forfurther studies on quality requirements and gives scope to derive many newideas related to the maintenance of quality requirements. This work can befurther improved by considering large population of survey.
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Chiwenda, Madock. "Requirements Engineering Skills Development : A Survey." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för programvarusystem, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-5780.
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Software projects are among the failure prone projects in engineering and software requirements problems have been attributed to be one of main reasons to software project failures. There are many techniques and methodology developed for practitioners to use in working with software requirements, which makes it impossible for one to master them during formal education. In addition, many of the practitioners are coming from different disciplines. Thus they are required to learn in practice. Previous studies have shown informal learning (i.e. not planned or run by institutions or organizations) to be more effective and more used in workplace learning situations. The study investigates how the requirements engineering skills are and can be learned in workplace especially informally. By comparing the results obtained by the literature study and empirical study the recommendations are given on how one can recognise, utilise, and encourage the informal learning activities to develop requirements engineering skills. The study does not rule out the need to have the formal education and training in requirements engineering but identify it as an important prerequisite and/or complement. It provides insight on how informal learning practices are utilised by practitioners who are rather experienced in requirements engineering and how they could try to recognise and/or utilise other learning opportunities presented by previous literature. It furthermore offers general recommendations of how to utilise the informal learning for developing requirements engineering skills and other related disciplines.
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Ponugubati, Dhana Lakshmi, and Vineesha Vallem. "Requirements Engineering For Distraction-Free Software : Systematic Literature Review and Survey." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-20643.
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Context and Motivation: Technology play a vital role in the people’s present life. These technology has different types of softwares and devices. Now a days people mostly live around the digital devices and involve with them. These softwares when using causes digital distraction. Mostly digital distraction occurs only when using digital devices. For the development of software and devices requirements play a major role in the development in an organization. Question/Problem: The requirements are developed into the features of software. These features when using can cause distraction. So to manage these digital distraction causing by the software, we considered requirements engineering, by introducing the requirements engineering process at the beginning of the development of software, so to develop a distraction-free software. This can be helpful for the developers to develop the distraction-free software from early stages for the user. Principal Ideas/Objectives: Our thesis mainly focus on the identification of quality factors requirements contributing to the digital distraction and analyse them and we also tried to identify feature usage and user experience of software to identify distraction of software and a mind-map is designed for the study of digital distraction. So that these can provide useful information for future studies. Methods/Contributions: In our thesis study, we conducted Systematic Literature Review using snowballing process for the identification of the literature about the digital distraction and analysed the SLR. Further an online survey is conducted on Instagram users to extract distraction features and reasons for distraction and then we used this data to plan a mind-map of different categories contributing to digital distraction. Results: The main findings and observations in our research are observed through SLR and survey results. For research question 1, the data that is extracted through SLR gives quality factor requirements that contribute to the digital distraction. An understanding of digital distraction among software and feature and also the causes are observed. For the research question 2, the data from the survey is collected from the users of Instagram are observed. The results from the survey are extracted to know about the distraction of software using the feature usage which is extracted from the survey and also the user experience. From these results of SLR and survey data, a mind map is designed to know about the study of the digital distraction. Conclusions: Finally, we come up with a idea by planning mind-map that helps the software developers and requirement engineers to build a distraction-free software. The results of this study can be helpful to all the software developers and also to the ones who want to carry our the research on requirements connection with digital distraction, this can be a start point for them.
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Kollu, Ravichandra Kumar. "Requirements scoping outside product lines : Systematic Literature Review and Survey." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-11766.
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Context: Scoping is admitted as a key activity in Market Driven Software Development for handling the constant inflow of requirements. It helps in identifying the features, domains and products which help for gaining economic benefits in Software Product Line (SPL) development. Beyond SPL, managing the scope of the project is a major risk for project management. Continuously changing scope creates a congestion state to handle the requirements inflow which causes negative consequences like scope scrap and scope creep. However, for managing negative consequences caused due to requirements volatility depicts a need for work on requirements scoping outside the product line. Objectives: In this study, an exploratory work is carried to identify the literature and industrial perspectives on requirements scoping outside the product line. The main objectives are: Identifying the state of literature of requirements scoping outside product line and variability analysis. To explore the industrial practice on requirements scoping. Suggesting recommendations in improving the scoping process based on the literature and survey. Methods: Systematic Literature Review (SLR) using snowballing procedure was conducted to identify the literature available on requirements scoping outside the product line. Quality assessment using rigor and relevance was performed to find the trustworthiness of the papers obtained through SLR. The data obtained through SLR was analyzed using narrative analysis. Furthermore, an industrial survey was performed using web questionnaire to identify the industrial perspective on requirements scoping. Statistical analysis was performed for analyzing the data obtained from survey. Results: 23 relevant papers were identified through SLR. The results were categorized as definitions obtained, phenomena, challenges and methods/tools identified. From the finding of SLR, an industrial survey was conducted, which has obtained 93 responses. The challenges that were identified through literature were validated through survey and are prioritized. Moreover, the study identified additional challenges that are not discussed in the literature. Additionally, the approaches followed in organizations while scoping the requirements were identified through the survey. Conclusions: This study identified that scope creep is the most frequently occurring phenomenon that organizations are facing throughout the lifecycle of the project. In addition project delays, quality issues and project cost were identified as the most occurring scoping associated challenges. Moreover, scoping activity was identified as the continuous activity which changes significantly throughout the lifecycle. Finally, suggestions were given for improving the scoping process.
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Lin, Fangfei, and Hao Chen. "Comparative Study of Requirements Traceability in Facing Requirements Change: Systematic Literature Study and Survey." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-17841.
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Context: Requirements change commonly occurs during the software development lifecycle. Requirements traceability is one of the important techniques to support requirement change management and analysis, ensure quality and keep requirements consistent during development. We find that existing research mentioned various issues and challenges during practicing requirements traceability, and the practitioners show certain obstacles on the subject. Major existing work of the area focuses on requirements traceability processes, frameworks, and techniques to address certain issues accordingly. And we want to focus on and investigate the existing challenges to practice requirements traceability systematically. Method: We investigate the requirements traceability and its challenges through a systematic literature review (SLR) of various concepts and existing challenges of requirements traceability, and a survey of 7 Chinese small-and-medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). With 7 interviews, we studied different traceability practices and situations with the surveyed companies under the possible impact of requirement change, development processes, tools, and other factors. And then we conducted conventional qualitative content analysis to identify and classify the challenges in practicing requirements traceability. Results: With the systematic literature review, we classified 14 categories of academic identified challenges. Through the collected data of the survey, we identified and discussed 6 categories of the requirement traceability challenges, involving costs, tools, awareness, documentation, etc. And we compared and discussed the connections and differences of the survey results with the literature for validation of our survey results and possible extension to the existing work. Through research, we may help the practitioners to deal with requirements change with traceability practice better by recognizing and preventing the obstacles. Our research may provide researchers with more information on practical situations. And in the future, researchers may study the traceability models more effectively aiming at addressing the existing problems.
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Mudduluru, Pavan. "Value Based Requirements Engineering : State-of-art and Survey." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-11814.
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Sulehri, Latif. "Comparative Selection of Requirements Validation Techniques Based on Industrial Survey." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1178.
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In software engineering the requirements validation has very core importance. The requirements validation very helpful to judge that software requirements specification (SRS) is complete and free of bugs. The requirements validation is a assurance that the software requirements document is free of unwanted requirements and completely consistent. In order to remove inconsistency, detect defects and make the software requirements document fully functional the requirements validation is key factor. All possible requirements validation techniques available in academia such requirements reviews , requirements prototyping, requirements testing and viewpoint-oriented requirements validation are explained properly in this thesis report. In a very readable and understandable way the thesis presents all pros and cons of these requirements validation techniques practiced in different software companies in Sweden and available in academia. This report explains all possible advantages and issues related with these RVTs. In order to judge the best performance of these RVTs and to make their comparison I used a proper channel. I have designed a very effective survey questionnaire with the help of my colleges and literature review. To make creative comparison I conduct interviews and send survey questionnaire to different people working in requirements engineering departments in different software industries in Sweden. Finally the satisfaction levels of different software industries with these requirements validation techniques presents in this thesis report. These variables such as defect detection, time and cost are used to measure the satisfaction levels.I Software Engineering kraven validering har en mycket central betydelse. Den kravvalidering very helpful att bedöma att Kravspecifikation (SRS) är klar och felfria. Kraven validering är en garanti för att programvaran kravdokument är fri från oönskade krav och helt konsekvent. För att undanröja inkonsekvens, upptäcka brister och göra programvaran kravdokument fullt funktionella kraven validering är viktig faktor. Alla möjliga kravvalidering tekniker inom den akademiska sådana krav recensioner, krav prototyper, provning och synpunkt-orienterade kravvalidering förklaras ordentligt i denna avhandling rapport. I ett mycket lättläst och begripligt sätt avhandling presenterar alla fördelar och nackdelar med dessa krav validera metoder praktiseras i olika mjukvaruföretag i Sverige och finns i den akademiska världen. Denna rapport förklarar alla möjliga fördelar och frågor kring dessa RVTs. För att bedöma de bästa resultaten i dessa RVTs och göra en jämförelse av dem använde jag en riktig kanal. Jag har skapat en mycket effektiv frågeformulär med hjälp av min högskolor och litteraturgenomgång. Skapa kreativa jämförelse jag intervjua och skicka frågeformuläret till olika personer som arbetar inom tekniska kraven för dessa avdelningar i olika programvaruföretag i Sverige. Slutligen tillfredsställande nivåer av olika programvaruföretag med dessa krav validering teknik presenteras i denna avhandling rapport. Dessa variabler såsom Upptäcka, tid och kostnader används för att mäta tillfredsställande nivåer.
Author: Latif Hussain Sulehri E-mail: latifsulehry@hotmail.com Phone: +46 704 917 140
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Ganna, Anil, and Sri Sai Ripughna Rishitosh Sonti. "Analysis of Requirements Volatility in Elicitation Process : A Systematic Literature Review & Survey." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-19339.
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Context: In the requirements engineering phase, requirements elicitation is considered as the most important task as it is the initial phase in which the requirements are gathered and prioritised. Changes in requirements may lead to project failure or delay in project deliveries. So, it is essential to elicit the requirements at the early stage to avoid changes in requirements in the later stage of development. Therefore, there is a need to study the impact of volatility in elicitation techniques to gather requirements appropriately in the early stages. Objectives: In the present thesis, we focused on the analysis of the requirements volatility in the requirement elicitation phase. The main objectives we have formulated to achieve our goal are Objective 1: To identify and determine the various causes of requirement volatility. Objective 2: To examine the impact of requirement volatility in the requirement elicitation process. Objective 3: To examine whether the procedure of elicitation techniques differ if volatility occurs while eliciting the requirements. Methods: In this thesis, we have implemented a Systematic Literature Review(SLR) and Survey research methods in order to attain our aim and objectives. SLR is performed for objective 1, to receive the data about the causes of volatility in various development life cycle phases. A survey is conducted to identify the causes of volatility in all phases of development, in the elicitation phase, and check whether the process of elicitation techniques differ if volatility occurs while eliciting the requirements. Results: From the SLR and survey, numerous factors of causes of volatility on the software development lifecycle were identified. Several new factors were identified from both the research methods. The factors have its own interpretation for the cause of volatility. Moreover, from the survey results, we can determine that the volatility occurs in the elicitation phase and has a huge impact while eliciting the requirements. Most of the practitioners working with the agile development process and waterfall model have stated that the impact of volatility results in prolonging the elicitation phase, slowing down the project, etc. Conclusions: For this research, our contribution is to provide insights on the impact of volatility in the elicitation process and check whether the elicitation techniques and its process change due to volatility. Based on the results of the respondents, we can conclude that the elicitation techniques procedure change is not intentional and not only because of the volatility but also due to some external factors while eliciting the requirements.
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Abu, Daqqa Nizar, and Serkan Alan. "On the Requirements to Implement E-maintenance Cost effectively: Survey Study." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för maskinteknik (MT), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-31681.
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Nowadays, companies started to realize the impact of a good maintenance strategy on the production process. Quality, performance as well as availability are affected by maintenance; existing maintenance strategies help to optimize the production process to achieve high quality products with a low production cost. A new strategy of maintenance has immerged recently, e-maintenance provides an easy solution to follow up with maintenance, it provides condition monitoring, documentation, and it also gives you the best maintenance solution that fits your goals and vision. Articles related to e-maintenance was studied and analyzed to know the steps to implement a cost-effective e-maintenance. The authors came up with a model that describes the implementation process in three main steps.
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Reddy, Vinod, and Raghubabu Chodisetti. "Impact of Requirements Engineeringin Socially Responsible Systems : Systematic Literature Review and Survey." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-21341.
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Context. In this new generation, social responsibility is one of the main thingsthat should be followed, which helps the current and future generation to live peacefully. Social responsibility may either care about the environment, Human Rights, oranything which helps us. There is also a need for the development of software that issocially responsible. There are some facets that need to be followed or implementedwhile building software. Requirements engineering plays the main role in gatheringthe requirements of this socially responsible software. So there is a need to studyhow requirements engineering helps in creating a socially responsible software andchallenges faced while implementing the facets in creating the socially responsiblesoftware. Objectives. In this thesis, our main goal is to identify the impact of requirements engineering in socially responsible systems. For acquiring our goal, we haveformulated some objectives they are:Objective 1: To identify the facets of socially responsible systemsObjective 2: To identify how RE can assist in initiating and managing the facets ofsocial responsibility of a system.Objective 3: To identify the challenges faced during the implementation of the aboveprocess. Methods. For acquiring our goal, we have performed a systematic literaturereview (SLR) and survey for the objectives. For objective 1, we have performed anSLR and survey to obtain the facets of socially responsible systems. For objectives 2and 3, we have performed a survey to know the support of requirements engineeringwhile establishing and managing facets of socially responsible systems and identifying the challenges faced while establishing and managing facets. Results. For our SLR, we have considered a starter set with 8 Related articlesand performed snowball sampling to that start set, and we got 12 papers, A totalof 20 related articles are found for our SLR. The facets of socially responsible systems are obtained from those SLR results. We got 89 results for our survey, and allthe data is collected and analyzed by using thematic and narrative analysis methods. Conclusions. First, an SLR and survey are conducted to identify the facets ofsocially responsible systems, and then the survey is conducted to identify how requirements engineering helps and the challenges faced in implementation and managingthe facets of socially responsible systems. This study helps the developers take thenecessary steps to avoid the practitioners’ challenges in the study. Keywords. Requirements engineering, Socially responsible systems, Software engineering, Social software, Social design.
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Kola, Abhinav Ram. "Customer communication challenges in Agile Requirements Engineering." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-20645.
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Context and background: Requirements engineering(RE) is a first and a very important phase in any software development which helps in building a suitable and customer satisfactory product. In the past few years, the use of Agile software development has become popular in the industry. Customer communication plays an important role in any software development life cycle. Customers state the requirements needed to develop a product in the Requirements Engineering phase. A project is likely to fail due to problems in customer communication during the RE phase. Objective: This thesis aims to study the Customer communication challenges in Agile requirements engineering, prioritize these challenges, and also find out the mitigation strategies to overcome these challenges. Research Method: A systematic mapping study is conducted to find out the customer communication challenges. Based on the data collected from the systematic mapping study, a survey is conducted to find out the mitigation strategies to overcome the customer communication challenges faced in the RE phase and also prioritize these challenges. Results: Based on the data collected from the systematic mapping study, a total of 18 customer communication challenges are identified. In the second step, a survey is conducted based on the identified challenges. The prioritization of these challenges is done by calculating the risk analysis of the challenges from the survey data. And finally, mitigation strategies are mentioned to overcome all the identified 18 challenges.
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Dillon, Andrew, Marian Sweeney, and Martin Maguire. "A Survey of usability evaluation practices and requirements in the European IT industry." Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105886.
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This item is not the definitive copy. Please use the following citation when referencing this material: Dillon, A., Sweeney, M. and Maguire, M. (1993) A survey of usability evaluation practices and requirements in the European IT industry. In. J. Alty, S. Guest and D. Diaper (eds.) HCI'93. People and Computers VII. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Abstract: The present paper reports on a survey of current practices in usability engineering and requirements for support within European I.T. organisations. Responses were obtained from 84 individuals working in nine European countries. The data were analysed in terms of four themes: respondents' background, their interpretation and appreciation of the concept of usability, current practice with regard to usability evaluation, problems and requirements for support in conducting usability evaluation. Results suggest widespread awareness but only superficial application of Human Factors methods in Industry.
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Harvey, Charles L. "Survey of current workplace requirements and financial benefits in the profession of audiology." Diss., NSUWorks, 2000. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_aud_stuetd/3.
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Professional Research Project Proposal (Report) Presented to the Au.D. and SPL.D. in Communication Sciences and Disorders in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Audiology.
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Velpula, Chaitanyakumar. "Requirements Negotiation and Conflict Resolution in Distributed Software Development : A Systematic Mapping Study and Survey." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-13671.
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The main aim of this thesis is to explore the industrial practices of requirements negotiation and conflict resolution within distributed software development. The motivation for this study is to get insight of the industrial practices in particular interventions (Communication tools, Models, Communication media) that used by practitioners to resolve requirements negotiation and conflicts resolution between clients and suppliers, since many researchers purposed interventions in the literature for requirements negotiation and conflicts resolution in distributed software development. Context: In Requirements Engineering, requirements negotiation and conflict resolution are crucial activities to achieve a common ground between clients and suppliers, it is considered as one of the crucial factors for delivering successful software. However, the shift from traditional collocated practices to a distributed environment offers both benefits and drawbacks which were studied earlier by researcher, but surprisingly there are few studies with insight of exploring the distributed requirements negotiations and conflict resolution practices. This research investigates the state of requirements negotiation and conflict resolution activities in distributed software development with an insight on their importance and relevance to this research area. Objectives: Overall goal of this thesis is to understand how requirements negotiations and conflict resolution are performed in distributed software development, knowing what are the available tools to perform requirements negotiation and conflict resolution, whether these existing tools are good enough to cope up with the industrial practices, knowing most widely used tools, methods and approaches, most importantly does the present research able to bridge the gap with in distributed software development? Methods: This thesis study comprises of two research methodologies. 1. Systematic mapping study (SMS)- To identify the proposed interventions in the literature to perform requirements negotiation and conflict resolution activities in Industrial Software Development within a distributed environment. 2. Industrial Survey- To identify industrial practices to perform rei quirements negotiation and conflict resolution in Industrial Software Development within a distributed environment. Results: 20 studies were identified through systematic mapping study (SMS). After analyzing the obtained studies, the list of interventions (Preparatory activities/communication tools/ Models) were gathered and analyzed. Thereupon, an industrial survey is conducted from the obtained literature, which has obtained 41 responses. Effective communication media for preparatory activities in requirements negotiations and conflict resolution are identified, validation of communication tools for effective requirements negotiations and conflict resolution is performed. Apart from the validation, this study provided list of factors that affects the requirement negotiations and conflict resolution activities in distributed software development. Conclusions: To conclude, the obtained results from this study will benefit practitioner in capturing more insight towards the requirements negotiations and conflict resolution in distributed software engineering. This study identified the preparatory activities involved for effective communication to perform requirements negotiation activities, effective tools, models and factors affecting of requirements negotiations and conflict resolution. In addition to this, validation of results obtained from the literature is carried through survey. Practitioners can be benefitted from the end results of by knowing the effective requirements negotiation and conflict resolution interventions (Communicational tools/ Models/ Communication media) for early planning in distributed software development. Researchers can extend the study by looking in to the real-time approaches followed by the practitioners to perform the both activities in the direction of future studies.
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ANDREWS, MARGARET E. "URBAN TEEN EATING AND ACTIVITY SURVEY." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1123174336.
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Yousefzadehfard, Pouya. "Meeting the Real-Time Systems Management Information Program Requirements| A Survey of State Agency Efforts." Thesis, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1589248.
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Federal Regulation 23 CFR 511 promises to improve the traveler information that assists motorists to make better travel decisions. In accordance with this regulation, all state departments of transportation (DOTs) are required to provide real-time traveler information including construction activity, lane blocking incidents, adverse weather conditions, and travel-times on certain facilities, by November 8, 2014. In this thesis, the researcher used an online survey to collect information from State DOTs and their associated representatives from the US Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). A survey was distributed electronically to FHWA representatives, State DOT Operations Engineers, and State DOT Intelligent Transportation Systems Coordinators who were active in the implementation of their agency's real-time systems management information program. The survey results illustrated that field data was most frequently processed into travel times with software from vendors, and the majority of the agencies used the accuracy thresholds required by the new rule. According to the survey results, the most common way that DOTs gather construction lane closure information is by requiring the contractors to provide this information using existing specifications and special provisions. The survey results indicated that most of the agencies operate 24 hours a day; therefore, they do not have problems providing the incident information to the public. Overall the findings of this study are relevant to both practitioners and researchers in transportation engineering because they detail current reported practices of how DOTs are collecting, processing, and disseminating travel time, construction, incident, and weather data, and how DOTs are measuring the quality of the data.
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Akkineni, Srinivasu. "The impact of RE process factors and organizational factors during alignment between RE and V&V : Systematic Literature Review and Survey." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-10953.
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Context: Requirements engineering (RE) and Verification and validation (V&V) areas are treated to be integrated and assure successful development of the software project. Therefore, activation of both competences in the early stages of the project will support products in meeting the customer expectation regarding the quality and functionality. However, this quality can be achieved by aligning RE and V&V. There are different practices such as requirements, verification, validation, control, tool etc. that are followed by organizations for alignment and to address different challenges faced during the alignment between RE and V&V. However, there is a requisite for studies to understand the alignment practices, challenges and factors, which can enable successful alignment between RE and V&V. Objectives: In this study, an exploratory investigation is carried out to know the impact of factors i.e. RE process and organizational factors during the alignment between RE and V&V. The main objectives of this study are: To find the list of RE practices that facilitate alignment between RE and V&V. To categorize RE practices with respect to their requirement phases. To find the list of RE process and organizational factors that influence alignment between RE and V&V besides their impact. To identify the challenges that are faced during the alignment between RE and V&V. To obtain list of challenges that are addressed by RE practices during the alignment between RE and V&V. Methods: In this study Systematic Literature Review (SLR) is conducted using snowballing procedure to identify the relevant information about RE practices, challenges, RE process factors and organizational factors. The studies were captured from Engineering Village database. Rigor and relevance analysis is performed to assess the quality of the studies obtained through SLR. Further, a questionnaire intended for industrial survey was prepared from the gathered literature and distributed to practitioners from the software industry in order to collect empirical information about this study. Thereafter, data obtained from industrial survey was analyzed using statistical analysis and chi-square significance test. Results: 20 studies were identified through SLR, which are relevant to this study. After analyzing the obtained studies, the list of RE process factors, organizational factors, challenges and RE practices during alignment between RE and V&V are gathered. Thereupon, an industrial survey is conducted from the obtained literature, which has obtained 48 responses. Alignment between RE and V&V possess an impact of RE process factors and organizational factors and this is also mentioned by the respondents of the survey. Moreover, this study finds an additional RE process factors and organizational factors during the alignment between RE and V&V, besides their impact. Another contribution is, addressing the unaddressed challenges by RE practices obtained through the literature. Additionally, validation of categorized RE practices with respect to their requirement phases is carried out. Conclusions: To conclude, the obtained results from this study will benefit practitioners for capturing more insight towards the alignment between RE and V&V. This study identified the impact of RE process factors and organizational factors during the alignment between RE and V&V along with the importance of challenges faced during the alignment between RE and V&V. This study also addressed the unaddressed challenges by RE practices obtained through literature. Respondents of the survey believe that many RE process and organizational factors have negative impact on the alignment between RE and V&V based on the size of an organization. In addition to this, validation of results for applying RE practices at different requirement phases is toted through survey. Practitioners can identify the benefits from this research and researchers can extend this study to remaining alignment practices.
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Poolla, Venkata Sai Abhishek, and Bhargav Krishna Mandava. "Understanding the Challenges and Needs of Requirements Engineering for Data-centric Systems." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-21108.
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Background: As technology is advancing day by day, people tend to produce enormous volumes of data. This exceptional growth in data is leading to an increase in the development of intelligent systems that make use of this huge data available. We group the development of such type of intelligent software systems and term them as "Data-Centric Systems (DCS)". Such systems include AI/ML components in an aself-driving car, Recommender systems any many more. Developing DCS is complexin the Software development life cycle process; one of the main reasons behind this complexity is the ineffective handling of requirements. Moreover, the literature suggests that a large percentage (48%) of development problems begin during the requirements phase and fixing requirements-related problems consumes a high cost of rework in later stages of software development. To design DCS effectively, RE techniques are considered one of the essential factors, since it is required to promote the combination of a system’s functional and implementation expectations from two entirely different perspectives, such as customers and developers. Although RE frequently plays a critical role in DCS, little is known about how RE can effectively be incorporated into developing such systems. Objectives: This thesis aims to focus on understanding industry experiences in the development of DCS with the main emphasis on RE and investigate the techniques/approaches used in DCS designing during the RE process and identify the challenges practitioners face during the development process. Methods: Two workshop-style interviews are conducted to identify the design process of RE and the practitioners’ challenges during DCS development. To complement the results from the workshop and scaling up the target population, an online survey is conducted. Results: From the workshops, we have identified that no explicit stakeholder is involved during the RE phase of DCS. Still, all people collectively take the decisions when it comes to developing in agile, and the role varies depending on the type of projects the stakeholder is involved in. Four categories of requirements were identified, namely regulatory, infrastructure, data, safety and security requirements. Techniques/approaches used to elicit, document, analyse and validate the requirements were identified. Based on the data received, we have identified ten challenges faced by the practitioners during the DCS. Based on the number of responses recorded in the survey, the categorisation and the techniques/approaches used for RE were prioritised based on the highest number of responses received. A total of 15 themes were generated for the challenges based on the responses received from participants. Conclusions: To conclude, a specific RE architecture needs to be designed to help the practitioners during the development of DCS. We believe that the analysis of these insights provides the industry with a structured overview of the DCS development process in RE. Besides, this thesis allows the academic community to steer future research based on an understanding of industry needs in RE for DCS.
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Farzaneh, Kayvan. "A Comprehensive Survey to Identify System Concepts & ICT Requirements of IRAN Intelligent Transportation System (IRAN ITS)." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Information Science, Computer and Electrical Engineering (IDE), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-2621.
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This thesis report describes the survey carried out in order to study the ITS practices in Sweden and Europe and indentifying their successes and failures as well as technical specifications. Furthermore, a requirement analysis work has been taken into account to identify the needs and requirements of ITS development in Iran from both business and technical aspects. This thesis aims to conclude and come up with a plan about the development strategy and system architecture of Iran ITS.
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Rehman, Zia ur. "Overcoming Challenges of Requirements Elicitation in Offshore Software Development Projects." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1919.
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Context. Global Software Development (GSD) is the plan of action in which software development is performed under temporal, political, organizational and cultural boundaries. Offshore outsourced software development is the part of GSD, which refers to the transfer of certain software development activities to an external organization in another country. The primary factors driving offshore outsourced software development are low cost, access to a large pool of skilled laborers, increased productivity, high quality, market access and short development cycle. Requirements engineering (RE) and especially requirements elicitation is highly affected by the geographical distribution and multitude of stakeholders. Objectives. The goal of conducting this study is to explore the challenges and solutions associated with requirements elicitation phase during offshore software projects, both in research literature and in industrial practice. Moreover, this study examines that which of the challenges and practices reported in literature can be seen in industrial practice. This helped in finding out the similarities and differences between the state of art and state of practice. Methods. Data collection process has been done through systematic literature review (SLR) and web survey. SLR has been conducted using guidelines of Kitchenham and Charters. During SLR, The studies have been identified from the most reliable and authentic databases such as Compendex, Inspec (Engineering village) and Scopus. In the 2nd phase, survey has been conducted with 391 practitioners from various organizations involved in GSD projects. In the 3rd phase, qualitative comparative analysis has been applied as an analysis method. Results. In total 10 challenges and 45 solutions have been identified from SLR and survey. Through SLR, 8 challenges and 22 solutions have been identified. While through industrial survey, 2 additional challenges and 23 additional solutions have been identified. By analyzing the frequency of challenges, the most compelling challenges are communication, control and socio-cultural issues. Conclusions. The comparison between theory and practice explored the most compelling challenges and their associated solutions. It is concluded that socio-cultural awareness and proper communication between client and supplier organization’s personnel is paramount for successful requirements elicitation. The scarcity of research literature in this area suggests that more work needs to be done to explore some strategies to mitigate the impact of additional 2 challenges revealed through survey.0046 707123094
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Mishoe, Roger M. "A survey on training and education requirements of Marina Corps Aviation Logistics Officers in preparation for sea basing." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Sep%5FMishoe.pdf.
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De, Vos Lauren. "Baited remote underwater video survey of reef fish in the Stilbaai marine protected area, with an assessment of monitoring requirements." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12181.
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Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.
Long-term monitoring of changes in species abundance and community composition within marine protected areas (MPAs) is essential to assess whether conservation goals are being reached. The costs, logistics and sampling biases inherent to traditional monitoring methods limit sustainable monitoring in all MPAs along the South African coastline. Baited remote underwater video (BRUV) technology offers non-extractive monitoring with lower labour and cost requirements, whilst eliminating inter-observer variability and increasing statistical power. Species richness and relative abundance were assessed employing BRUV technology in the Stilbaai MPA in the Western Cape, South Africa. ... [The] result corroborated findings from traditional underwater visual census (UVC) and controlled angling surveys, confirming BRUV technology as a sound monitoring tool.
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Campora, Miranda. ""Practice makes perfect!" : A survey study of musical practice of vocal students in upper secondary school." Thesis, Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för musik, pedagogik och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kmh:diva-3916.
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Vocal teachers’ task is to give students a foundation for their personal practice. When the student leaves the classroom, it is their responsibility to direct their own learning. This essay examines vocal students from upper secondary school's perspective about their personal vocal practice and their practice in relation to the support and help from their vocal teachers. Five schools were contacted where a total of 120 students had access to an online survey via email, to which 56 students responded. The variables in the survey were partially analyzed and processed in the software SPSS. In this study, it was clear that students have a positive attitude towards their personal practice and generally have good practice habits. The student’s level of motivation plays a role in the number of hours that are devoted to practice and having goals with one’s practice, such as vocal lessons, are important for practice motivation, as lessons are occasions where students are assessed. The vocal teacher is important for the student's continued development but not in relation to the student’s weekly practice hours.
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Botha, Johanna Catharina. "Rapid sequence intubation: a survey of current practice in the South African pre-hospital setting." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32615.
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Background: Rapid sequence intubation (RSI) is an advanced airway skill commonly performed in the pre-hospital setting globally. In South Africa, pre-hospital RSI was first approved for non-physician providers by the Health Professions Council of South Africa in 2009 and introduced as part of the scope of practice of degree qualified Emergency Care Practitioners (ECPs) only. The aim of the research study was to investigate and describe, based on the components of the minimum standards of pre-hospital RSI in South Africa, specific areas of interest related to current pre-hospital RSI practice. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design in the form of an online survey were conducted amongst operational ECPs in the pre-hospital setting of South Africa, using convenience and snowball sampling strategies. Results: A total of 87 participants agreed to participate. Eleven (12.6%) incomplete survey responses were excluded while 76 (87.4%) were included in the data analysis. The survey response rate could not be calculated. Most participants were operational in Gauteng (n=27, 35.5%) and the Western Cape (n=25, 32.9%). Overall participants reported that their education and training were perceived as being of good quality. An overwhelming number of participants (n=69, 90.8%) did not participate in an internship programme before commencing duties as an independent practitioner. Most RSI and post-intubation equipment were reported to be available, however, our results found that introducer stylets and/or bougies and EtCO2 devices are not available to some participants. Only 50 (65.8%) participants reported the existence of a clinical governance system within their organisation. Furthermore, our results indicate a lack of clinical feedback, deficiency of an RSI database, infrequent clinical review meetings and a shortage of formal consultation frameworks. Conclusion: The practice of safe and effective pre-hospital RSI, performed by non-physician providers or ECPs, rely on comprehensive implementation and adherence to all the 51 components of the minimum standards. Although there is largely an apparent alignment with the minimum standards, recurrent revision of practice needs to occur to ensure alignment with recommendations. Additionally, there are areas that may benefit from further research to improve current practice.
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Zastoupil, Kristin L. Stone Sara J. Bishop Mike Vitanza Dianna M. Sturgill Amanda Colson. "Employment success of university journalism graduates : a survey comparing classroom practices and departmental requirements with graduates' job placement and salary rates /." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/4884.
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PEIXOTO, Mariana Maia. "Gamificação para softwares educacionais: um catálogo de requisitos." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/18028.
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A gamificação apresenta-se como um fenômeno emergente para aplicação em softwares educacionais com o intuito de envolver, motivar e melhorar o desempenho dos alunos. Contudo, apesar de sua relevância, a identificação dos requisitos da gamificação que tornam os softwares educacionais significativos para aprendizagem é problemática e um consenso ainda não foi alcançado. Motivado por este cenário, o presente trabalho realiza um estudo exploratório com o intuito de investigar aspectos de gamificação para o contexto de software educacional e, assim, desenvolver um catálogo de requisitos da gamificação, como uma abordagem da engenharia de requisitos para o auxílio no desenvolvimento de softwares educacionais. Esta pesquisa está dividida em três etapas. A primeira é destinada à condução de um mapeamento sistemático da literatura. A segunda etapa baseia-se nos achados da primeira para o desenvolvimento de um catálogo de requisitos da gamificação para softwares educacionais. Por fim, a terceira etapa prioriza e avalia os requisitos por meio de um survey. Na primeira etapa, um total de 127 trabalhos foram selecionados, dos quais identificou-se os seguintes aspectos: levantamento da distribuição temporal, regional e dos tipos de pesquisas sobre a gamificação na educação; levantamento dos tipos de softwares, modalidade de ensino e os objetivos educacionais propostos com a gamificação; levantamento das principais características, em termos de requisitos necessários à criação de softwares gamificados voltados à educação, e; levantamento das abordagens que consideram os tipos de personalidade dos alunos. Na segunda etapa, é apresentado o catálogo de requisitos desenvolvido com 229 itens. Na terceira etapa, um survey foi realizado com 64 especialistas da área da gamificação e priorizou e avaliou os requisitos em: pouco relevantes (26 itens), relevantes (161 itens), muito relevantes (42 itens). Três itens apresentaram avaliação baixa e, portanto, são desconsiderados para inclusão no catálogo. O mapeamento mostra que há um grande número de publicações sobre a utilização de gamificação em softwares educacionais, no entanto, a maioria é superficial e descreve poucas características da gamificação, de forma geral, sem uma avaliação adequada. Assim, este trabalho é uma tentativa de estabelecer um consenso sobre os requisitos da gamificação que podem auxiliar o desenvolvimento de softwares educacionais.
Gamification is an emerging phenomenon for use in educational software in order to engage, motivate and improve the performance of students. However, despite its importance, the identification of significant gamification requirements for educational software is not trivial and a consensus of such requirements has not been reached. Motivated by this scenario, this study conducts an exploratory study in order to investigate aspects of gamification to the educational context and thus develop a gamification requirements catalog, as an approach to requirements engineering, and for assistance in the development of educational software. This research was conducted in three stages. The first stage is related to the conduction of a systematic literature mapping. The second stage is based on the findings of the former one with the purpose of developing a gamification requirements catalog for educational software. Finally, the third stage prioritizes and evaluates the requirements by applying a survey. In the first stage, the total of 127 papers are selected, in which we identify: temporal and regional distribution, and types of research about gamification in education; types of softwares, education methods, and the educational goals intended to gamification; the main characteristics in terms of requirements for the setting up of gamified software aimed on education; the approaches that consider personality types of students. In the second stage, we present the developed requirements catalog with 229 itens and composed by three hierarchical levels. In the third stage the survey conducted with 64 experts in the field of gamification prioritizes and evaluates the requirements with: little relevance (26 items), relevant (161 items), and very relevant (42 items). 3 items received low evaluation, and therefore were not considered for inclusion. The mapping shows that there are a lot of publications about gamification in education, however, most papers are superficial and describe a few characteristics of gamification, without adequate assessment. Thus, this work is an attempt to establish a consensus on the requiremets gamification that serves as an aid to the development of educational softwares.
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Wei, Wenyang. "Private User’s Trust on Data sharing in e- health Applications." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-15462.
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Context. One of the challenges in requirement engineering is the ability using survey as a requirement-engineering tool towards the software to refine user’s requirements. For instance, with the development of the way of healthcare, many advances in technology transformed the way of healthcare. E-health application is one of the technologies. As more and more health information that is stored electronically, e- health applications have given rise to trust issue in the area of data sharing. Identified the relationship between trust and data sharing based on the survey method is a valid approach, but the current studies still do not give a definite guideline about how requirement engineering should use a survey method step-by-step to refine the needs of users’ trust into software attributes. Based on the mentioned situation in e-health, defining a method to design survey to elicit requirements is needed. Objective. In this paper, the aim of the study is to design a survey method for refining user’s requirements of trust in requirement engineering based on the current state-of-art. The paper present the research on data sharing in e-health application. Methods. This study presented an action research, which identified the way about how to refine user’s requirement of trust. Survey was the main approach to do investigation among the e-health applications. Three cycles of AR were conducted in this paper, and three versions of questionnaires were designed in the research process in order to identify the factors that affected user’s trust in data sharing in e-health applications. Results. Through the action research, I found out three factors that affected user’s trust in data sharing, then the factors were identified, analysis and summarized, and the relationship between trusts and the factors is describe based on analysis results of the collected data, which obtain from the improved questionnaires. To find out the relationship between trust and the factors help present the process that how to design an accurate survey to refine user’s requirements. Based on the process and results of the action research, the survey guideline to refine user’s requirements of trust is designed and described. Conclusions. Based on the results that obtained in this study, I designed a preliminary survey guideline for refining user’s requirements of trust. This study will help requirement engineering to elicit requirement of trust in e-health based on a new and specific survey method.
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Moore, Michael. "Perceptions and interpretations of "environmental flows" and implications for future water resource management: A survey study." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Water and Environmental Studies, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2565.
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An understanding of the impacts on freshwater systems from water management and development practices and the recognition that freshwater ecosystems are dependent on various aspects of the natural hydrological variability has given rise to a relatively new field of science commonly referred to as environmental flows. The assessment and application of environmental flows has advanced considerably in the last ten years. To coincide with the emergence and expansion of the environmental flows concept around the world, this survey study was undertaken aiming to identify people’s perceptions and interpretations of the environmental flows concept and its role in water management. It also aims to add to existing knowledge of the extent to which the concept is being applied, how it is being translated into policy and practice and the major challenges and opportunities that exist for continued understanding and implementation. The survey was distributed to a range of people representing different water-related sectors and regions around the world. A total of 272 responses representing 64 countries in the six major regions of the world was received. The responses were compiled and analysis of aspects of the respondents backgrounds as well as the questions were conducted using the computer statistical program SPSS. Representation of specific groups, particularly water user groups, and specific regions in the survey however was low, demonstrating possible limitations of the survey distribution method as well as the lack of concept awareness and application in many parts of the world. The ways in which people define and interpret the concept varied widely. The degree to which the concept was applied shows the growing recognition around the world of the need to consider the environmental water requirements when making decisions on water allocations. Despite the growing recognition many areas do not yet apply the concept. The survey allowed the opportunity for respondents to highlight what they perceived asthe major obstacles and difficulties for the concept within their respective areas. Lack of understanding among stakeholders of the socio-economic costs and benefits associated with concept implementation and a lack of political will were the two most common obstacles for the continued adoption and application of environmental flows around the world. Overall, the survey delivered promising signs for the continued evolution of environmental flows within water management. There was widespread opinion that the concept of environmental flows was an essential element in the efforts to achieve sustainable management of water resources.
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Paradine, Martin, and Vasiliki Siopi. "Determinants of environmental awareness in small sized public organizations : A survey of environmental requirements in engineering projects' tender documents at a local authority." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för management, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3005.
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Environmental awareness among public authorities and governmental institutions has been a priority initiative for countries in the EU over the last years. The public sector is a major consumer of products and services, while their environmental policies are also at a top. Many EU Member Countries have already implemented EU legislation for greener purchasing in the public sector, while others are now preparing their National Action Plan. However, conscious acceptance of National Policy objectives and adoption of green environmental behavior in all scales of the public sector is a challenge. Researchers are concerned that public authorities and especially those of a small size are still focused on the lowest price as a leading factor in public tenders. Many studies have shown that lack of knowledge is a key determinant for the scarce environmental requirements in public procurements. Under this framework, this thesis explores the determinants that affect the implementation of environmental requirements in public procurements and consequently the environmental awareness of small sized public organizations. This thesis is based on a review of policy documents and a single case study investigation. The single case study was conducted on the Technical Department of a municipality in North Greece and the data sources were engineering projects’ public procurements and interviews from the local authority’s officers.
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Kim, Jung Hee (Ginny). "Career expectations and requirements of undergraduate hospitality students and the hospitality industry an analysis of differences : a thesis submitted to AUT University in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of International Hospitality Management (MIHM), 2008 /." Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/477.
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The hospitality industry has seen rapid growth through the last three decades. The hospitality industry in New Zealand is still growing steadily. According to the Ministry of Tourism (2008, para. 3), “Visitor expenditure is forecast (from 2008 to 2014) to increase from $13.73 billion to $19.05 billion per annum, an increase of 41.4%” (Ministry of tourism, 2008b). Therefore, in response to the needs of the industry, training providers have established a number of hospitality, leisure, travel and tourism degrees (O'Mahony & Sillitoe, 2001). However, previous studies have identified that hospitality management degrees tend to lack importance in the actual world (Harkison, 2004a, 2004b; Steele; 2003). Hospitality management students seem to rate the value of their degrees higher than do employees in the industry (Collins, 2002; Raybould & Wilkins, 2005). Therefore, there are gaps between the expectations and assumptions of students and those of hospitality professionals, which have led to problems in the hospitality industry. This study has taken three steps to identify: 1) how career expectations, assumptions and requirements differ between undergraduate hospitality management students and management employees in the hospitality industry; 2) The working histories of managerial employees and their perceptions of the industry’s needs; 3) Establish the perceived value of hospitality management degrees amongst hospitality management undergraduate students and the hospitality industry. To do so, a comprehensive literature review was undertaken, and questionnaires were collected from 137 undergraduates enrolled in a Bachelor of International Hospitality Management degree at AUT University and 74 managerial employees in the hotel industry. After an analysis of the data, the researcher examined and compared the results of both groups’ data with relation to the findings of the literature review. The following key points emerged from the research: most students expected that they would work in the hospitality industry after completing their course and supposed that their first work field would be in a Food and Beverage department at a management trainee level. The results of the survey show a match between students’ long-term career expectations and the working history of employees. Students also seem to understand the environment of the hospitality industry well. These results show that students organise well, planning for their future careers, and these results were similar with those of some previous studies (Brien, 2004; Harkison, 2004b; Jenkins, 2001). The results of this study identified similarities and differences of perceptions between undergraduate students and managerial employees in the hotel industry. Similarities of students’ perceptions and managerial employees’ perceptions are; • Commitment is rated as the most important factor in determining success, while personality is rated the most important attribute for an employee in the hospitality industry. • A degree in hospitality management is not recognised as an important qualification by students or employee respondents. Working experience is more important than a bachelor degree of hospitality management for a prospective employee. • Students and managerial employees believe that the hospitality educators know the industry well, although educators and employees have different understandings of career expectations. • Both parties believe that internship might help hospitality students’ careers in the industry. Differences of perceptions between undergraduate students and managerial employees are; • Students believe that knowledge of the industry and experience are the most significant factors for a new employee in the hospitality industry but employees indicate personality. • Employees believe that using initiative skills are the most important factor for an employee’s career development, whereas students answer communication skills. • Students believe that a hospitality management bachelor degree will contribute more to the hotel business but employees believe that having three years’ experience will contribute more. • Students consider that an employee with a bachelor’s degree in hospitality will receive higher starting salaries than someone without, but employees disagree. • Students suggest that a bachelor of hospitality management degree will affect opportunities for promotion, but employees do not share that opinion. This study found that even if students and managerial employees share some common opinions, many gaps still exist between them. Therefore, the researcher suggests recommendations relating to students’ expectations and assumptions of their job entry level, the working environment in the hospitality industry, the needs of the hospitality industry, and the value of a bachelors degree of hospitality management. Furthermore, the researcher identifies some limitations of this study and areas for further research.
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Sydow, Julia, Mario Hesse, and Alexander Kratzmann. "Kommunaler Investitionsbedarf im Freistaat Sachsen: Kommunalbefragung 2020." Universität Leipzig, 2020. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A74269.
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Die öffentliche Investitionstätigkeit wird seit Jahren nicht nur in Politik und Öffentlichkeit, sondern auch in der Wissenschaft diskutiert. Zahlreiche Studien attestieren der öffentlichen Hand in diesem Zusammenhang enorme Investitionsrückstände, allem voran auf der kommunalen Ebene. Neben Daten aus den öffentlichen Statistiken wird dieses Bild zusätzlich durch Kommunalbefragungen gestützt. Diese stellen eine wichtige Ergänzung der statistischen Daten- und damit der politischen Entscheidungsgrundlagen dar. Vor diesem Hintergrund führt das Kompetenzzentrum für kommunale Infrastruktur Sachsen (KOMKIS) im Turnus von zwei Jahren eine Befragung zu kommunalen Investitions- und Instandhaltungsbedarfen im Freistaat Sachsen durch. Die vorliegende Studie beleuchtet die Ergebnisse des mittlerweile fünften Befragungsdurchgangs im Jahr 2020. Ein Abschnitt der Befragung befasste sich zudem mit den Erwartungen der Kommunen hinsichtlich der Folgen der Corona-Pandemie. Die Studienergebnisse signalisieren einen kommunalen Investitionsbedarf für den Zeitraum 2020 bis 2024 von insgesamt 8,11 Mrd. Euro. Dies entspricht einer Steigerung von 5 % gegenüber der letzten Befragung von 2018. Ein deutlich stärkeres Wachstum von 35 % ist zudem bei den Instandhaltungsbedarfen festzustellen. Diese summieren sich für denselben Zeitraum auf insgesamt 2,2 Mrd. Euro. Im Vergleich liegen die sächsischen Kommunen mit Blick auf ihre Investitionstätigkeit zwar über dem Durchschnitt der ostdeutschen Länder, aber trotz eines seit 2015 zu beobachtenden Anstiegs der Investitionsausgaben noch immer unter dem Bundesdurchschnitt. Die höchsten Investitions- wie auch Instandhaltungsbedarfe bestehen gemäß der Umfrageergebnisse in den Bereichen Straßenbau und Verkehr sowie Schulen und Bildungseinrichtungen. Dabei dominieren Erhalt und Sanierung bestehender Infrastrukturobjekte in fast allen Bereichen gegenüber dem Neubau. Einzig im Bereich des Breitbandausbaus sieht eine deutliche Mehrheit der Kommunalvertreter enorme Neubaubedarfe. Um die Lücke zwischen dem tatsächlichen Ausgabeverhalten und dem geschätzten Gesamtbedarf zu schließen, müssten die zukünftigen kommunalen Investitions- und Instandhaltungsmaßnahmen mindestens auf dem aktuellen Niveau gehalten werden oder sogar steigen. Ob dies angesichts der Folgen der Corona-Pandemie erreicht werden kann, ist zumindest zweifelhaft. Zwar wird die Entwicklung der kommunalen Finanzlage in der kurzen Frist noch vergleichsweise zuversichtlich betrachtet. Für den Zeitraum bis 2024 geht eine überwiegende Mehrheit der Befragten allerdings von deutlichen Einnahmerückgängen aus. Auch die Entwicklung der Investitions- und Erhaltungsaufwendungen wird vom Großteil der Befragten eher pessimistisch eingeschätzt. Viele Kommunalvertreter wünschten sich im Rahmen dieser Befragung allerdings nicht nur erhöhte finanzielle Zuwendungen von Bund und Land, sondern insbesondere eine Vereinfachung der Verwaltungsverfahren und der Fördermittelvergabe, um den Folgen der Pandemie begegnen zu können.
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Sydow, Julia, and Mario Hesse. "Kommunaler Investitionsbedarf im Freistaat Sachsen: Kommunalbefragung 2018." Universität Leipzig, 2018. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A33736.
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Die vorliegende Studie des Kompetenzzentrums für kommunale Infrastruktur Sachsen (KOMKIS) untersucht das kommunale Ausgabeverhalten sowie den gegenwärtigen Investitions- und Instandhaltungsbedarf der Kommunen im Freistaat Sachsen. Dazu führt das KOMKIS im regelmäßigen Abstand von zwei Jahren eine flächendeckende Kommunalbefragung in Sachsen durch, in der die Kommunen zu ihrer gegenwärtigen Finanzlage, ihrem wahrgenommenen Investitions- und Instandhaltungsbedarf, sowie ihrem tatsächlichen Investitions- und Ausgabeverhalten in ausgewählten Aufgabenbereichen befragt werden. Die Investitionen der sächsischen Kommunen, welche in der Vergangenheit deutlich über dem Bundesdurchschnitt lagen, sind seit 2013 deutlich darunter gesunken. Diese reichen folglich nicht mehr aus, um die Abnutzung der kommunalen Infrastruktur voll auszugleichen. Aus diesem unzureichenden Investitions- und Ausgabeverhalten resultiert auch in Sachsen
ein wachsender Investitionsrückstand. Folglich müssen ausgebliebene, nicht getätigte Investitionen aus der Vergangenheit in der Zukunft nachgeholt werden. Die diesjährige Kommunalbefragung hat ergeben, dass die kommunalen Investitions- und Instandhaltungsbedarfe im Freistaat Sachsen im Zeitverlauf gestiegen sind. Der gesamte kommunale Investitionsbedarf in Sachsen beträgt gegenwärtig 7,73 Mrd. Euro. Hinzu kommt ein kommunaler Instandhaltungsbedarf (laufende Rechnung) in Höhe von 1,63 Mrd. Euro. Die Schwerpunkte der Infrastrukturbedarfe liegen in den Bereichen der Straßen- und Bildungsinfrastruktur sowie im Breitbandausbau. Der Erhalt der vorhandenen Infrastruktur hat hierbei eine wesentlich größere Bedeutung als klassische Neuinvestitionen. Eine Fortsetzung des derzeitigen Ausgabenvolumens für Investitions- und Instandhaltungszwecke wird den ungedeckten Bedarf auch weiterhin steigen lassen. Um dem drohenden Vermögensverzehr entgegen zu wirken, muss die derzeit bestehende Lücke zwischen dem tatsächlichen Ausgabeverhalten der Kommunen und dem kommunalen Gesamtbedarf an Investitionen und Erhaltungsaufwendungen geschlossen werden. Diese Lücke ist trotz eines Zuwachses im Vergleich zur Befragung 2016 noch überschaubar und in den kommenden Jahren mit moderaten zusätzlichen Aufwendungen in den Neubau sowie den Erhalt der kommunalen Infrastruktur zu bewältigen. Eine verstärkte kommunale Investitions- und Instandhaltungstätigkeit kann durch die Landesoder Bundespolitik mithilfe geeigneter Förderprogramme bzw. einer Erweiterung der Förderprogramme sowie einer Verstetigung der Mittelvergabe auf der Zeitachse forciert werden. In diesem Zusammenhang sind ebenso Erhaltungsmaßnahmen besonders zu berücksichtigen.
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Kouri, Márcia Gatti. "Definição de requisitos para um sistema de monitoramento de veículos no transporte rodoviário de cargas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3141/tde-01042009-142238/.
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Esta dissertação apresenta o levantamento e definição dos requisitos necessários para um sistema de monitoramento de veículos no transporte rodoviário de cargas, cujo custo de implantação seja acessível a grande parte das empresas. Para isso são aplicados alguns métodos da Engenharia de Requisitos, tais como: Vord, Preview e Volere. O conjunto de requisitos obtido através deste levantamento é então utilizado como fonte para a especificação de requisitos do sistema proposto.This dissertation shows the survey and definition of the necessary requirements regarding a monitoring system for vehicles that transport goods via roads, whose low cost implementation is accessible for most of the companies. For this purpose, some methods of the Engineering of Requirements are applied, such as: Vord, Preview and Volere. The set of requirements gotten via this survey is the source for the specification of requirements of the proposed system.
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Esson, Rachel Margaret. "How good is survey design in medical libraries? a systematic review of user surveys : submitted to the School of Information Management, Victoria University of Wellington in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Library and Information Studies /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1282.
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Puna, Repeta. "Ko Marouna te toa the effects of the Cook Islands public sector reform on the delivery of education : a thesis submitted to Auckland University of Technology in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Philosophy (MPhil), 2008." Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/415.
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The effects of the public sector reform impacted on all aspects of public services including the performance of the economy. Central to this argument was the re-organization of the operations of the public service from the traditional administration system to the new public management (NPM). Education, a critical service in any economy was not spared. Literatures around the application of NPM (a derivative of market principles and practices) to education (which was value based) suggested that NPM was dangerous for education and could deplete the value system of education and replace that with a focus on accounting for money by individuals who were self-interested and who would seek to maximize their benefit with guile. Arguments against NPM suggested that the human factor was neglected and that education had led to chaos among professionals, stakeholders and students. However, those who argued for the introduction of NPM suggested that it had made the provision of education more efficient, effective and relevant to the needs to the clients. It held those working in the education sector accountable for the resources used and made the system more responsive to the needs of the clients of education. Education in the Cook Islands experienced many changes since western type education was introduced by the Missionaries in the late 1800s. Cook Islands people have always regarded education as a right and also believed their participation in education would improve their lives as well as positively contribute to economic growth. As the public sector reform was a global phenomenon, the currents of NPM also converged on the Cook Islands and affected the delivery of education. Those changes revolutionalized education in ways that was not commonplace in the Cook Islands. However, professionals and stakeholders within education made the most of the system and diverged some of the practices to suit the need, the environment and the culture of the Cook Islands people. Change also refocused education from teachers teaching to student learning reinforcing the dedication of many teachers and education administrators to ensure NPM served the best interest of their clients; the students, despite the workload placed on them. The challenge in this thesis was to understand how the NPM system affected education and how the Cook Islands education professionals worked within the system in their favour. The stories of teachers and Ministry of Education professionals demonstrated that there was no resistance to the application of NPM system in the Cook Islands. In fact, the system was embraced by the education sector suggesting it was a positive change from their previous system of traditional administration. Much of their system was inherited from New Zealand where the environment, layers of bureaucracy and economic status of the country was different. Instead, it appeared the Cook Islands took much of what others deemed as dangerous for education and turned it into a positive opportunity for the Cook Islands education. This thesis presents the story of the revolution in the Cook Island education system.
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Vũ, John Huân. "Software Internationalization: A Framework Validated Against Industry Requirements for Computer Science and Software Engineering Programs." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/248.
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View John Huân Vũ's thesis presentation at http://youtu.be/y3bzNmkTr-c.
In 2001, the ACM and IEEE Computing Curriculum stated that it was necessary to address "the need to develop implementation models that are international in scope and could be practiced in universities around the world." With increasing connectivity through the internet, the move towards a global economy and growing use of technology places software internationalization as a more important concern for developers. However, there has been a "clear shortage in terms of numbers of trained persons applying for entry-level positions" in this area. Eric Brechner, Director of Microsoft Development Training, suggested five new courses to add to the computer science curriculum due to the growing "gap between what college graduates in any field are taught and what they need to know to work in industry." He concludes that "globalization and accessibility should be part of any course of introductory programming," stating:
A course on globalization and accessibility is long overdue on college campuses. It is embarrassing to take graduates from a college with a diverse student population and have to teach them how to write software for a diverse set of customers. This should be part of introductory software development. Anything less is insulting to students, their family, and the peoples of the world.
There is very little research into how the subject of software internationalization should be taught to meet the major requirements of the industry. The research question of the thesis is thus, "Is there a framework for software internationalization that has been validated against industry requirements?" The answer is no. The framework "would promote communication between academia and industry ... that could serve as a common reference point in discussions." Since no such framework for software internationalization currently exists, one will be developed here. The contribution of this thesis includes a provisional framework to prepare graduates to internationalize software and a validation of the framework against industry requirements. The requirement of this framework is to provide a portable and standardized set of requirements for computer science and software engineering programs to teach future graduates.
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Dunford, Fiona. "Determining differences between novice and expert physiotherapists in the emergency on-call environment a vignette-based study : a thesis submitted to Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Health Science (MHSc), 2007." Click here to access this resource online, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/368.
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Emergency on-call duties have been highlighted as a key stress factor in newly qualified physiotherapists whose job performance may be affected. The concept of stress relating to on-call work, the general lack of interest or confidence in the respiratory on-call field, and subsequent difficulties with recruitment and retention, pose a difficult problem for managers of services responsible for the maintenance of a competent workforce and a high standard of service provision. Differences in novice and expert physiotherapists’ patient management and clinical reasoning strategies have been previously examined in orthopaedic, neurology, domiciliary and cardiorespiratory fields. However, no such investigations have been undertaken in the field of emergency on-call. The purpose of this study was to determine if differences existed between novice and expert physiotherapists who had by definition differing levels of context-related experience within the emergency on-call environment. This study also aimed to consider what factors may influence their physiotherapy intervention for an acute cardiorespiratory patient. A purpose-designed vignette-based postal questionnaire was administered to 26 emergency on-call providers in New Zealand. The questionnaire sought demographic data, investigated participants’ attitudes towards emergency on-call service provision and presented a vignette-based clinical scenario which asked questions throughout an evolving clinical case scenario. Analysis was performed using the computer software package for social sciences, SPSS for Windows (version 14), results were analysed using descriptive statistics, and significance testing was performed using non-parametric methods. A good response rate was achieved (78.8%; n = 56). Statistically significant differences between novices and experts were determined in scores for confidence, stress, and support required, also in the factors affecting stress levels. Novices are less confident (p = < .0001), more stressed (p = < .001) and require more support than experts (p = < .001). Factors which influenced both novice, and to a lesser extent, expert stress levels when working as emergency on-call physiotherapists, were established. A relationship was determined between confidence and level of support required (r = -.65; p = < .001); confidence and amount of stress felt (r = -.58; p = < .001); and support required and stress felt (r = .47; p = < .001). Some differences were demonstrated between novice and expert physiotherapists in their answers to a clinical case scenario. Although these were not statistically significant, a trend was noted which may reflect the different clinical reasoning strategies of these physiotherapists. There is a need for novices to gain the type of experience which includes independent problem solving and guided reflection; the use of vignette-based case studies may be one method which could be further exploited. The profession is responsible for the provision of better ways to meet the needs of our future emergency on-call workforce. If this is not achieved, other professional groups will be required to fill the gaps and physiotherapy; particularly cardiorespiratory physiotherapy will lose out.
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Caudel, Mark Edward. "Julius Haast : towards a new appreciation of his life and work : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History in the University of Canterbury /." Thesis, University of Canterbury. History, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/954.
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Little is known about Julius Haast's life prior to his arrival in New Zealand in 1858 at the age of 36. Without knowing something about his background, it is difficult to explain his life in New Zealand. This work pursues a historical context that can more fully explain Haast's remarkably active career in New Zealand. The geological survey of the Canterbury Province, the Philosophical Institute of Canterbury and the Canterbury Museum represent Haast's major contributions to science and culture in New Zealand. Julius Haast carefully engineered his own transition from geologist to museum director within the social and political climate of Canterbury in order to remain in Christchurch where he raised his family. Heinrich von Haast's book about his father has been the accepted source of information about his father since its publication in 1948. Until recently, scholars have failed to explore beyond the scope of von Haast's biography. There is now a trend toward recognising Julius Haast as having made significant contributions to many aspects of science and society.
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Prince, Anne Patricia. "Practice nurses educational needs in mental health : a descriptive exploratory survey : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts (Applied) in Nursing /." ResearchArchive@Victoria e-thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1029.
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Bazsefidpay, Nahal. "Utvärdering av Posten Scannings kundärendehanteringssystem CIS." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-177498.
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Detta examensarbete har utförts på uppdrag av Posten Scanning AB, ett helägt dotterbolag till Postnord-koncernen, tillsammans med sina systerbolag, Data Scanning A/S i Danmark och Data Scanning Finland AB. Företaget arbetar med scanning, datafångst och dokumenthanteringstjänster. Posten Scanning använde sedan 2013 av ett kundärendehanteringssystem, Customer Information System (CIS), för all hantering av ärenden som berör kunder och/eller intern utveckling. Efter ca 1,5 år som företaget har använt sig av CIS 1.0 önskas nu ett underlag för planering av version 2.0 av CIS. För att kunna planera för CIS 2.0 behövde uppdragsgivaren att undersöka, sammanställa och prioritera de nya krav som olika intressenter ställer på systemet. Utvärderingen har fokuserat på de interna och externa kundernas krav och kända förändringsbehov. Målet var att utifrån utvärderingsresultatet ta fram ett beslutsunderlag i form av en sammanställd, prioriterad och tidsestimerad kravspecifikation som även kan utgöra ett underlag för ett utvecklingsprojekt. Den relativa betydelsen av behoven avgjordes med hjälp av metoden om översättning av kundernas behov till verkställande kravspecifikationer som grundade specifikationen för förändringsarbetet. Resultatet av arbetet visade att kundärendehanteringssystemets kravlistor kunde prioriteras baserad på vad CIS användes mest till och samt efter hur ofta förändringar upprepades av olika användargrupper.This thesis has been carried out on behalf of Posten Scanning AB, a wholly owned subsidiary of PostNord Group, together with its sister companies, Data Scanning A/S in Denmark and Data Scanning Finland AB. The company works with scanning, data capture and document management services. Posten Scanning has been since 2013 using a client case management system, Customer Information System (CIS) for handling all matters pertaining to customers and/or internal development from 2013. After about 1.5 years that the company has used the CIS 1.0, they wish to develop a gathered basis for planning the version 2.0 of the CIS. In order to plan for the CIS 2.0, they wanted to investigate, compile and prioritize the new requirements imposed by various stakeholders in the system. The evaluation has focused on internal and external customer requirements regarding usage of CIS and known need for changes in the system. The goal has been based on evaluation findings to develop a decision support in the form of a compiled, prioritized and time estimated requirements specification that can also serve as a basis for a development project. The relative importance of the needs was determined using the method of translation of customer needs for managing requirements document based specification for change. The results of this project showed that customer case management system requirements lists could be prioritized based on what CIS were mostly used to and how often changes were repeated by various user groups.
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Damba, Augustine Kureva. "A survey of technologies and algorithms for parsing and indexing multimedia databases this dissertation is presented as part of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Computer and Information Sciences at the Auckland University of Technology, April 2008 /." Abstract Full dissertation, 2008.
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Dissertation (MCIS - Computer and Information Sciences) -- AUT University, 2008.Includes bibliographical references. Also held in print (46 leaves ; 30 cm.) in City Campus Theses Collection (T 005.74 DAM)
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Law, Casey James. "Survey of the galactic center and the nature of the galactic center lobe : a dissertation submitted to the graduate school in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy field of physics and astronomy / by Casey James Law." Evanston, Ill. : Northwestern University, 2007. http://www.nrao.edu/library/restricted/00000000012281.pdf.
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Frost, Neil Andrew. "Estimation of the population requirement for cataract surgery." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343356.
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Ozaki, Kenʾichi. "Requirements for the display of perceived softness in laparoscopic surgery." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.555969.
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As laparoscopic surgery continues to gain widespread popularity in the world of surgery, the lack of one fundamental sensation at times put surgeons in a state of apprehension. Tactile feedback, the missing sensation, is claimed by surgeons to be an essential process to secure accurate knowledge of the region that is being operated on. In cases where visual cues alone fail to allow distinction of tissues of an area, tactile information may be the only remaining alternative the surgeon can rely upon to make a correct judgement. It is therefore imperative that this form of perceptual feedback may also be portrayed to surgeons using laparoscopic surgery, thereby recreating their more familiar environment, and assist them increase the chances of successfully completing a surgical procedure. In an attempt to remedy the present situation where tactile information in laparoscopic surgery is lacking, conditions that are thought to influence the surgeons' tactual perception during surgery were chosen to be investigated. Namely, these conditions are composed of bare hand, gloved, and the use of an intermediate tool. Unfortunately, the exact tactual dimensions that are relevant during surgery in general remain ambiguous and unclear. Therefore, as a preliminary investigation, it was proposed to take the dimension "softness", a dimension that is in general accepted as one of the fundamental tactual perception dimensions, and examine how the aforementioned examination conditions affect tactual perception for a material that differs in "softness" alone. Modified two alternative forced choice tasks were performed as a first experiment through which fruitful and promising outcomes were seen. To build on the finding of this experiment, a second experiment, which involved the softness magnitude estimations of the stimuli set, again under the same examination conditions, was carried out. The standalone results from the two experiments showed some interesting outcomes, primarily that softness was perceived differently under different examination conditions. Upon comparison, however, behaviours and activities which were to some extent, remarkable and perplexing, were encountered, leading to conclusions which in part were contradictory.
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Rydqvist, Magnus. "ÄR KRÄNKNINGAR, HOT OCH VÅLD VARDAG FÖR LÄRARE? : Ett arbete om kränkningar, hot och våld samt elevers uppförande och bemötande mot lärare i högstadiet." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-43557.
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Alla människor vill gå till arbetet utan att känna oro och ängslan samt kunna gå hem från arbetet med en positiv känsla i kroppen. Vissa människor går till arbetet med en klump i magen och kommer hem med minnen om en skrämmande och hotfull situation som uppstod under dagen. Dagens lärare utsätts för kränkningar, hot och våld i sitt yrkesutövande något som är en direkt påverkan på deras person och arbetsmiljö. Nummer tre av de åtta folkhälsopolitiska målsättningarna tar bland annat upp ökad hälsa i arbetslivet, något som vissa lärare möjligtvis går miste om. Syftet med studien var att undersöka i vilken omfattning högstadielärare utsätts för, kränkningar, hot och våld och om detta hade ett samband med sjukskrivningar hos lärare. Kvantitativa data samlades in via enkäter ställda till lärare för högstadieelever i klass 7–9. Data analyserades både deskriptivt och analytiskt för att kunna besvara frågeställningarna i syftet. Ur resultaten framkom att majoriteten av respondenterna utsatts för kränkningar hot och/eller våld samt att nästan hälften av respondenterna uppfattar att elevers bemötande påverkar dem negativt samt att elevers beteende var bättre förr. Lärares utsatthet för kränkningar, hot och våld kunde dock inte kopplas till sjukskrivning. Slutsatsen är att lärare är en utsatt yrkesgrupp som behöver få stöd inom sin yrkesroll och erbjudas funktionella verktyg för att kunna utföra sitt yrke, förslagsvis med Krav- kontroll-stödmodellen, samt att skolan som arena behöver ses över och göras säkrare.Everyone wishes to be able to go to work without anxiety and to being able to leave work with a positive feeling. Some people go to work feeling troubled and return to their homes with memories of a frightening and threatening situation that arose during the day. Teachers are subjected to violations, threats and violence in their occupation, which affects them both personally and within their work environment. Number three of the eight Public Health policy objectives include, among other things, increased health at work something that some teachers may miss out on. The purpose of the study was to investigate the extent to which high school teachers are exposed, violations, threats and violence and whether this had any connection with teacher’s sick leave. Quantitative data were collected through surveys that were filled in by teachers in 7th and 9th grade at primary-schools. Analysis regarding both descriptive and analytic forms were presented to answer the questions included in the studies aim. The results showed that the majority of respondents were subjected to violations, threats and /or violence and that almost half of the respondents perceived that pupils' treatment affected them negatively and that student behavior was better in the past. However, teachers' exposure to violations, threats and violence, could not be linked to sick leave. The conclusion is that teachers are a vulnerable professional group who need to be strengthened and offered functional tools to be able to carry out their profession with the Requirements Control support model and that the school as an arena needs to be reviewed and made safer.
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Kessler, Ronald C., Nancy Brandenburg, Michael Lane, Peter Roy-Byrne, Paul D. Stang, Dan J. Stein, and Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Rethinking the duration requirement for generalized anxiety disorder: evidence from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-103044.
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Background. The proposed revisions of the ICD and DSM diagnostic systems have led to increased interest in evaluation of diagnostic criteria. This report focuses on the DSM-IV requirement that episodes of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) must persist for at least 6 months. Community epidemiological data are used to study the implications of changing this requirement in the range 1–12 months for estimates of prevalence, onset, course, impairment, co-morbidity, associations with parental GAD, and sociodemographic correlates.
Method. Data come from the US National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R), a US household survey carried out during 2001–2003. Version 3.0 of the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI) was used to assess DSM-IV anxiety disorders, mood disorders, substance disorders, and impulse-control disorders.
Results. Lifetime, 12-month, and 30-day prevalence estimates of DSM-IV GAD changed from 6·1%, 2·9%, and 1·8% to 4·2–12·7%, 2·2–5·5%, and 1·6–2·6% when the duration requirement was changed from 6 months to 1–12 months. Cases with episodes of 1–5 months did not differ greatly from those with episodes of [gt-or-equal, slanted]6 months in onset, persistence, impairment, co-morbidity, parental GAD, or sociodemographic correlates.
Conclusions. A large number of people suffer from a GAD-like syndrome with episodes of <6 months duration. Little basis for excluding these people from a diagnosis is found in the associations examined here.
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Kessler, Ronald C., Nancy Brandenburg, Michael Lane, Peter Roy-Byrne, Paul D. Stang, Dan J. Stein, and Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Rethinking the duration requirement for generalized anxiety disorder: evidence from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication." Cambridge University Press, 2005. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26402.
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Background. The proposed revisions of the ICD and DSM diagnostic systems have led to increased interest in evaluation of diagnostic criteria. This report focuses on the DSM-IV requirement that episodes of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) must persist for at least 6 months. Community epidemiological data are used to study the implications of changing this requirement in the range 1–12 months for estimates of prevalence, onset, course, impairment, co-morbidity, associations with parental GAD, and sociodemographic correlates.
Method. Data come from the US National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R), a US household survey carried out during 2001–2003. Version 3.0 of the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI) was used to assess DSM-IV anxiety disorders, mood disorders, substance disorders, and impulse-control disorders.
Results. Lifetime, 12-month, and 30-day prevalence estimates of DSM-IV GAD changed from 6·1%, 2·9%, and 1·8% to 4·2–12·7%, 2·2–5·5%, and 1·6–2·6% when the duration requirement was changed from 6 months to 1–12 months. Cases with episodes of 1–5 months did not differ greatly from those with episodes of [gt-or-equal, slanted]6 months in onset, persistence, impairment, co-morbidity, parental GAD, or sociodemographic correlates.
Conclusions. A large number of people suffer from a GAD-like syndrome with episodes of <6 months duration. Little basis for excluding these people from a diagnosis is found in the associations examined here.
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Ringh, Adam, and Sharare Sultani. "The auditor’s role in combating money laundering : An attitude survey among Swedish auditors." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-230198.
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Background: As a tactic of combating money laundering, auditors have been introduced asguardians and enforcers of the laws, due to their insight into company affairs. However, as shownby the Finance Police, it is rare that auditors report suspicions on money-laundering activities.That is, despite the obligations imposed on the profession, their share of total number or reportfiles each year a very small fraction. Aim: When investigating the infrequent reporting by auditors, it all boils down to a seemingexpectation gap. As such, the aim of this study has been to test that hypothesis, by conducting anattitude survey among Swedish auditors, as we believe the attitude towards the obligations tohave an impact on the tendency to report. Method: The perception of auditors on their role in combating money laundering and thehypothesized expectation gap between the audit profession and the state in its legislative capacitywas explore through the use of a questionnaire sent to 68 authorized or approved auditors withinthree different categories of firms; big-four firms, second tier firms and small local firms inStockholm and Uppsala. Conclusion: We cannot with certainty draw conclusion on whether the auditors’ perceivethemselves as having an obvious preventive role in the fight money laundering due to ambiguousanswers, but there seem to exist a somewhat opposed attitude toward the suggested duty to detectmoney laundering during audits. Nevertheless, traces of an expectation gap were found in thisstudy. However, with a sample size of 20 respondents, we cannot make generalizations withoutcareful consideration. As such, the findings of this study should be regarded as indicative ratherthan definitive.
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Lau, Yung Simon. "A survey of language use, language needs, and language requirement of Hong Kong Cantonese-speaking reporters." HKBU Institutional Repository, 1996. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/77.
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