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Journal articles on the topic 'Survey of requirements'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Sakthivel, Sachidanandam. "A Survey of Requirements Verification Techniques." Journal of Information Technology 6, no. 2 (June 1991): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026839629100600203.

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Requirements verification is a set of procedures used to detect errors in requirement specifications. This paper discusses various types of requirement errors and illustrates each error with an example. It also examines several techniques used for requirements verification and the capability of each technique to identify various requirement errors. In addition, it reviews the use of each technique in various requirements analysis approaches and indicates the drawbacks of these techniques. This paper can help systems analysts to be aware of possible errors in requirement specifications and the limitations in requirements verification while using a requirements analysis approach.

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2

Ivan, Jan. "Artillery Survey for Autonomous Weapon Systems and Basic Requirements on Survey Units." Vojenské rozhledy 28, no. 4 (November 25, 2019): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3849/2336-2995.28.2019.04.063-077.

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3

Shukla, Vivek, Dhirendra Pandey, and Raj Shree. "Requirements Engineering: A Survey." Communications on Applied Electronics 3, no. 5 (November 25, 2015): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/cae2015651947.

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4

Kaur, Harsimran, and Dr Ashish Sharma. "Non-Functional Requirements Research: Survey." International Journal of Science and Engineering Applications 3, no. 6 (December 20, 2014): 172–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.7753/ijsea0306.1003.

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5

Palomares, Cristina, Carme Quer, and Xavier Franch. "Requirements reuse and requirement patterns: a state of the practice survey." Empirical Software Engineering 22, no. 6 (December 19, 2016): 2719–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10664-016-9485-x.

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6

Hedman, Lois Deming, David M. Morris, Cecilia L. Graham, Cynthia J. Brown, Matthew P. Ford, Debbie A. Ingram, Marjorie J. Hilliard, and Alice J. Salzman. "Locomotor Requirements for Bipedal Locomotion: A Delphi Survey." Physical Therapy 94, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 52–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20120514.

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BackgroundBipedal locomotor control requirements may be useful as classifications for walking dysfunction because they go beyond gait analysis to address all issues contributing to walking dysfunction.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine whether locomotor experts could achieve consensus about the requirements for bipedal locomotion.Design and MethodsLocomotor experts from physical therapy and other related professions participated in an electronic mail Delphi survey. Experts recommended additions, deletions, rewording, and merges for 15 proposed locomotor requirements in round 1. In rounds 2 and 3, panelists commented on and rated the validity, mutual exclusiveness, and understandability of each requirement. Consensus was defined a priori as: (1) 75% or more panelists agree or strongly agree that a requirement is valid, mutually exclusive, and understandable in round 3; (2) no difference between round 2 and 3 ratings with kappa coefficients ≥.60; and (3) a reduction in panelists who commented and convergence of comments between rounds 1 and 3. Content analysis and nonparametric statistics were used.ResultsFifty-eight panelists reached full consensus on 5 locomotor requirements (Initiation, Termination, Anticipatory Dynamic Balance, Multi-Task Capacity, and Walking Confidence) and partial consensus for 7 other requirements. There were no significant differences in ratings between rounds 2 and 3, and there was a decrease in the percentage of panelists who commented between rounds 1 and 3.LimitationsThe study's 6-month time frame may have contributed to panelist attrition.ConclusionsLocomotor experts achieved consensus on several bipedal locomotor requirements. With validation, these requirements can provide the framework for a clinically feasible and systematic diagnostic tool for physical therapists to categorize locomotor problems and standardize intervention for walking dysfunction.

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Fussell, M., and Sarah A. Corbet. "BUMBLEBEE HABITAT REQUIREMENTS: A PUBLIC SURVEY." Acta Horticulturae, no. 288 (January 1991): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1991.288.21.

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8

Sakthivel, Sachidanandam. "A survey of requirements verification techniques." Journal of Information Technology 6, no. 2 (June 1991): 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jit.1991.12.

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9

Serban, Ioan, Sandra Cespedes, Corneliu Marinescu, Cesar A. Azurdia-Meza, Juan S. Gomez, and Doris Saez Hueichapan. "Communication Requirements in Microgrids: A Practical Survey." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 47694–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2977928.

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10

Harrison, PJ, PW Yu, PA Thompson, NM Price, and DJ Phillips. "Survey of selenium requirements in marine phytoplankton." Marine Ecology Progress Series 47 (1988): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps047089.

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11

Carrillo de Gea, Juan M., Joaquín Nicolás, José L. Fernández Alemán, Ambrosio Toval, Christof Ebert, and Aurora Vizcaíno. "Requirements engineering tools: Capabilities, survey and assessment." Information and Software Technology 54, no. 10 (October 2012): 1142–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2012.04.005.

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12

Salini, P., and S. Kanmani. "Survey and analysis on Security Requirements Engineering." Computers & Electrical Engineering 38, no. 6 (November 2012): 1785–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compeleceng.2012.08.008.

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13

Dawood, Omer Salih, and Abd-El-Kader Sahraoui. "From Requirements Engineering to UML using Natural Language Processing – Survey Study." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 2, no. 1 (January 23, 2017): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2017.2.1.236.

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In the paper process of moving from software requirements to UML diagrams has been studied. It shows the importance of this process and discusses many comparative studies in the field. A questionnaire related to the study was distributed worldwide to many research groups, academia, and industry to know the current status of using requirement management tools, knowledge of using UML in software development, frequently used UML diagrams, and the methodology used to generate UML diagrams from requirements. The paper emphasises that there is a need to do some important research in the area of requirements NLP to obtain UML diagrams, and generalize process of using automatic or semi-automatic methodology to generate UML diagrams from requirements.

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Marnewick, A., JHC Pretorius, and L. Pretorius. "Requirements Practitioner Behaviour in Social Context: A Survey." SAIEE Africa Research Journal 105, no. 4 (December 2014): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/saiee.2014.8538346.

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15

Khan, Fazlullah, Syed Roohullah Jan, Muhammad Tahir, Shahzad Khan, and Farman Ullah. "Survey: Dealing Non-Functional Requirements at Architecture Level." VFAST Transactions on Software Engineering 9, no. 2 (April 20, 2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21015/vtse.v9i2.410.

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16

Razali. "Usability Requirements of Formal Verification Tools: A Survey." Journal of Computer Science 6, no. 10 (October 1, 2010): 1189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/jcssp.2010.1189.1198.

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17

Bernstein, Gary, and Dragan Huterer. "Catastrophic photometric redshift errors: weak-lensing survey requirements." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 401, no. 2 (January 11, 2010): 1399–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15748.x.

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18

Feinstein, Ronald A., Earl J. Soileau, and William A. Daniel. "A National Survey of Preparticipation Physical Examination Requirements." Physician and Sportsmedicine 16, no. 5 (May 1988): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00913847.1988.11709505.

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19

Aceituna, Daniel. "Survey of Concerns in Embedded Systems Requirements Engineering." SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Electronic and Electrical Systems 7, no. 1 (September 24, 2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-2403.

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20

Malgaonkar, Saurabh, Sherlock A. Licorish, and Bastin Tony Roy Savarimuthu. "Understanding requirements prioritisation: literature survey and critical evaluation." IET Software 14, no. 6 (December 1, 2020): 607–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-sen.2019.0215.

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21

Bodger, P. S. "A Delphi Survey Approach to Report Writing Requirements." International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Education 24, no. 1 (January 1987): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002072098702400103.

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To many students, each academic educator appears to have his or her own style and expectation of student writing. To provide a guideline on report writing, a Delphi Survey of staff was undertaken in an attempt to determine a common approach, the results of which are presented in this paper.

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22

Darbra, R. M., N. Pittam, K. A. Royston, J. P. Darbra, and H. Journee. "Survey on environmental monitoring requirements of European ports." Journal of Environmental Management 90, no. 3 (March 2009): 1396–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.08.010.

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23

Elshandidy, Heba, and Sherif Mazen. "A Survey of Agile and Traditional Requirements Engineering." International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research 4, no. 9 (September 25, 2013): 473–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14299/ijser.2013.09.002.

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In the past few years, there has been an increasing awareness of the important role of requirements engineering (RE) in a project’s success, in both research and industry. Developing consistent requirements specifications that meet the customers’ needs, in traditional development, is likely to be infeasible. For one reason, customers do not usually have a clear picture of what they really want. Secondly, the business domain could be changing quickly, especially if it heavily depends on technologies. Agile software development (ASD), on the other hand, supports iterative and incremental development and emphasises customers’ involvement in the development process. We argue that adopting ASD in RE overcomes the limitations of the traditional development. ASD, however, is no silver bullet and its adoption comes at a price. This paper helps the reader to: (1) get a quick yet a comprehensive grasp of RE in traditional and ASD; (2) understand the synergies/commonalities between the two approaches in handling RE; (3) recognise the associated challenges of adopting ASD; and (4) identify the current prominent agile RE research areas.

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24

Shope, Timothy R., Benjamin H. Walker, Laura Aird, Linda Southward, and Judith M. Martin. "Influenza Vaccine Requirements in United States Child Care Centers." Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society 9, no. 5 (December 12, 2019): 566–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpids/piz078.

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Abstract Background Influenza vaccine is the most effective means to prevent influenza for the high-risk population of child care attendees. This national survey assessed child care center directors’ reports of seasonal influenza vaccine requirements for children and adult caregivers. Methods This was a 2016 telephone-based survey of child care center directors randomly selected from a national database of licensed United States child care centers and queried about influenza vaccine requirements. Conceptually related items were grouped into 4 indexes: general infection control, use of health consultants, quality of child care, and pandemic influenza preparedness. These indexes, along with other center and director characteristics, were used to predict director-reported influenza vaccine requirements. Results Of 518 child care center directors, only 24.5% and 13.1% reported an influenza vaccine requirement for children and adult caregivers, respectively. Center and director characteristics and the indexes were not associated with a director-reported influenza vaccine requirement. After adjusting for covariates, only having a state influenza vaccine law for children and an adult influenza vaccine requirement predicted having a child influenza vaccine requirement. Only having a child influenza vaccine requirement predicted having an adult vaccine requirement. Conclusions Director-reported influenza vaccine requirements for children and adult caregivers were influenced primarily by state influenza vaccine laws. Given the high risk of children in child care and low director-reported influenza vaccine requirements, more states should pass laws requiring influenza vaccine for children and adult caregivers at child care programs.

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25

Al Sawalqa, Fawzi Ata, and Atala Qtish. "Internal Audit Function Quality and Audit Committees’ Practices: Survey Evidence from Jordan." Business and Economic Research 11, no. 2 (March 21, 2021): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ber.v11i2.18263.

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The current study examines the extent to which audit committees comply with the requirements of corporate governance in Jordan and describes the current status of internal audit function. In addition, the study examines empirically the relationship between the internal audit quality and the compliance of audit committees with the governance requirements. The results from 49 respondents indicate that audit committees comply with the requirement of corporate governance and no significant difference is found in such compliance due to sector. In addition, the internal audit quality attributes are met among Jordanian companies to a considerable extent. Further, the independence and objectivity dimension of internal audit quality has a positive and significant relationship with the compliance of audit committees with governance requirements. Internal audit competence and due professional care have no significant relationship with audit committees compliance. One important implication of the current study is the development of a scale to measure the compliance level of audit committees with the governance requirements that can be used by both academics and decision-makers in firms.

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26

Jones, David H., Tom A. Jordan, and Carl Robinson. "An Avionics Platform for Multi-instrument Survey Navigation." Journal of Navigation 69, no. 5 (March 7, 2016): 927–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463316000084.

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The British Antarctic Survey regularly conducts airborne surveys with Twin Otter aircraft equipped with a variety of instruments. Each instrument captures its specific navigation requirements in a dedicated cockpit display that is unique and incompatible with that of other instruments. This creates unwanted logistical problems and training requirements, and necessitates extra air safety certification. In this paper we describe a new avionics display that is sufficiently flexible to capture the requirements of all of our instruments, as well as all of the preferences of our pilots. This Airborne Survey Navigation Device (ASCEND) dynamically routes aircraft within the constraints of the survey and features flexible and intuitive planning and navigation interfaces. ASCEND has been tested and compared to the instrument specific displays and is preferred, both for its ease of use and also for the effective accuracy of the pilot following a survey line.

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27

Das, Anjana P., and Sabu M. Thampi. "Simulation Tools for Underwater Sensor Networks: A Survey." Network Protocols and Algorithms 8, no. 4 (January 15, 2017): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/npa.v8i4.10471.

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In underwater sensor network(UWSN) research, it is highly expensive to deploy a complete test bed involving complex network structure and data links to validate a network protocol or an algorithm. This practical challenge points to the need of a simulation environment which can reproduce the actual underwater scenario without the loss of generality. Since so many simulators are proposed for UWSN simulation, the selection of an appropriate tool based on the research requirement is very important in validation and interpretation of results. This paper provides an in-depth survey of different simulation tools available for UWSN simulation. We compared the features offered by each tool, pre-requirements, and provide the run time experiences of some of the open source tools. We conducted simulation of sample scenarios in some of the open source tools and compared the results. This survey helps a researcher to identify a simulation tool satisfying their specific research requirements.

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28

Hagler, Debra. "Licensure and Professional Certification Renewal Requirements: 2017 Survey Results." Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing 49, no. 2 (February 1, 2018): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/00220124-20180116-01.

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29

Niehoff, Kristina M., and Sean M. Jeffery. "Geriatric pharmacy training requirements: A survey of residency programs." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 73, no. 4 (February 15, 2016): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2146/ajhp140871.

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30

Udris, E. "Survey of continuing education relicensure requirements in podiatric medicine." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 78, no. 9 (September 1, 1988): 476–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/87507315-78-9-476.

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31

Ochodek, Mirosław, and Sylwia Kopczyńska. "Perceived importance of agile requirements engineering practices – A survey." Journal of Systems and Software 143 (September 2018): 29–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2018.05.012.

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32

McNamee, Paul, Allen Hutchinson, David Parkin, Eugene Milne, and Nick Steen. "Out‐patient Case Mix: A Survey of User Requirements." Journal of Management in Medicine 8, no. 1 (February 1994): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02689239410052522.

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33

McCall, Richard P. "The pre-pharmacy major: A survey of physics requirements." American Journal of Physics 69, no. 9 (September 2001): 991–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.1371009.

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34

Tondel, Inger Anne, Martin Gilje Jaatun, and Per Hakon Meland. "Security Requirements for the Rest of Us: A Survey." IEEE Software 25, no. 1 (January 2008): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ms.2008.19.

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35

Szeinbach, Sheryl L., Mel Baron, Tom Guschke, and Edward A. Torkilson. "Survey of state requirements for unit-of-use packaging." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 60, no. 18 (September 15, 2003): 1863–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/60.18.1863.

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36

Fanmuy, Gauthier, and Ghassen Foughali. "7.7.2 A survey on Industrial Practices in Requirements Engineering." INCOSE International Symposium 22, no. 1 (July 2012): 1021–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2334-5837.2012.tb01386.x.

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37

Robertson, Ian Nicol. "Survey of Education and License Requirements for Structural Engineers." Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice 128, no. 3 (July 2002): 120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1052-3928(2002)128:3(120).

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38

Ball, J. D., Robert P. Archer, and Eric A. Imhof. "Time Requirements of Psychological Testing: A Survey of Practitioners." Journal of Personality Assessment 63, no. 2 (October 1994): 239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa6302_4.

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39

Chatzoglou, Prodromos D., and Linda A. Macaulay. "Requirements capture and analysis: A survey of current practice." Requirements Engineering 1, no. 2 (June 1996): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01235903.

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40

KATZ, J. "Canadian survey highlights plant biotechnology requirements for the 1990s." Trends in Biotechnology 7, no. 6 (June 1989): 135–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-7799(89)90020-6.

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41

Mathers, Hannah. "385 Survey of Technical Information Requirements for Hispanic Nursery Employees." HortScience 35, no. 3 (June 2000): 459C—459. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.459c.

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At least 90% or more of the Oregon nursery industry workforce is composed of Hispanic employees who understand little English, with Spanish their primary language. Currently, most of the technical information available to the nursery industry is in English. A Spanish translation of the OSU/ODA Nursery Newsletter to Hispanic workers began in Aug. 1999. The first newsletter contained a questionnaire to determine the foremost technical topic interests. Surveys were also conducted at the Spanish sessions at the Ornamentals Northwest Seminars and of 40 Hispanic employees during visits to five Oregon nurseries. In total, 340 surveys were conducted with 158 respondents. At the Ornamental Northwest seminars, 57% of those attending the Spanish sessions answered the survey. Eighty-seven percent replied that insect control information was their leading technical information interest, 81% disease and 80% weeds. Other interests were nutrition at 73% and propagation and plant identification, both at 67%. Twenty-one percent of newsletter readers responded to the questionnaire. Like the seminar respondents, newsletter readers indicated pest control information was very important to them; however, 91% found all the information presented of value and 97% wanted to continue to receive future issues. This finding was consistent with responses from nursery visits where respondents indicated their delight to receive technical information in Spanish.

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42

Strasel, Erik S., Mark R. Bebar, and Hung-Chi Lee. "Feasibility Studies for an Ice-Capable Oceanographic Survey Ship FY92 T-AGS Ocean (ICE)." Marine Technology and SNAME News 30, no. 02 (April 1, 1993): 120–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1993.30.2.120.

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In recent years, interest in the oceanography of the subarctic ocean area has lead to increased activity in the Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ) in terms of bathymetric and hydrographic data collection with an associated increase in damage reports. The hazards of the MIZ include floating ice, topside icing, cold weather and heavy seas, each of which calls for special attention in design. The Oceanographer of the Navy's requirement for data from this region has led him to specify that the FY92 T-AGS Ocean be capable of operation in the MIZ. This paper describes the design process followed to meet this requirement. The oceanographic, hydrographic, programmatic and environmental requirements placed on the design effort are discussed. The resulting design is presented and the impacts of meeting all the requirements in terms of hull-mounted systems, topside arrangement, ship powering, stability and hull form are discussed.

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43

PARVIAINEN, PÄIVI, and MAARIT TIHINEN. "A SURVEY OF EXISTING REQUIREMENTS ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR COVERAGE." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 17, no. 06 (December 2007): 827–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194007003513.

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Requirements engineering is a process in which a most diverse set of product demands from a most diverse set of stakeholders has to be considered. Thus, requirements engineering is generally thought of as the most critical and complex process within the development of embedded systems. Over the years, a lot of requirements engineering research has been carried out and reported, but still it seems clear that the industry is struggling with requirements engineering. Why is that, and what should be done to support the industry in tackling its problems? Develop a new method, tailor the existing ones, or better inform the industry of what is available that could help them in their problems? To find some answers, we carried out an inventory of the available requirements engineering technologies, while also looking into their support for requirements engineering. This paper describes the survey and reports our findings indicating that what is most urgently needed is information and evidence of the applicability of the available technologies in different situations, though further development of the technologies is also required.

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Clinch, Peter. "FLAG Project: Survey Results." Legal Information Management 1, no. 2 (2001): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147266960000044x.

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The Foreign Law Guide (FLAG) Project, which aims to build a Web inventory to the holdings of foreign legal materials in university and college libraries throughout the United Kingdom, is one of about 12 collection management projects, funded by the Research Support Libraries Programme (RSLP). It is believed to be the only project which included within its research proposal the requirement to carry out a survey of user needs to assist in the design of the end-product of the project: the Web inventory.The purpose of the survey, as stated in the bid document, would be to:establish the present and future requirements for foreign, comparative and international legal materialsdiscover what information researchers need on foreign law, how they obtain it and what they expect libraries to provideprovide essential information for decision-making on collection development and influence the production of the law Web map.The Project Management Committee considered it important to attempt to obtain the views of as wide a range of users of foreign legal materials as possible. Attempts were made to include (a) non-lawyers working in related disciplines, (b) research support staff and PhD. students as well as academics, and (c) law librarians and information officers.

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45

Scarneo-Miller, Samantha E., Zachary Y. Kerr, William M. Adams, Luke N. Belval, and Douglas J. Casa. "Influence of State-Level Emergency Planning Policy Requirements on Secondary School Adoption." Journal of Athletic Training 55, no. 10 (August 20, 2020): 1062–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-118-19.

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Context Emergency action plans (EAPs) are a critical component in the management of catastrophic sport-related injury. Some state high school athletics associations and state legislation have required that schools develop EAPs, but little research exists on the influence of a statewide policy requirement on local adoption of these policies. Objective To examine the efficacy of a statewide policy requirement on local adoption of an EAP. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Online questionnaire. Patients or Other Participants Secondary school athletic trainers were invited to complete a survey (n = 9642); 1136 completed the survey, yielding an 11.7% response rate. Main Outcome Measure(s) Survey responses on the adoption of EAPs along with cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillator (CPR/AED) requirements were cross-referenced with published statewide policies to determine the prevalence of EAP adoption. We evaluated the adoption of emergency action plan components based on the National Athletic Trainers' Association's emergency planning position statement along with CPR/AED requirements to determine component-specific prevalence. We compared the prevalence of EAP and component adoption between states that required EAPs and specific components of EAPs and states without such requirements. Results Athletic trainers in states that required adoption of an EAP reported including more components of the emergency planning position statement (mean = 8 ± 4, median = 9) than in states without a requirement (mean = 7 ± 4, median = 8). The adoption of EAP components did not differ between states that required specific components of the EAP versus development of the EAP only. However, schools in states with both EAP and CPR/AED training requirements reported higher rates of CPR/AED training implementation (95.5%) than states that only required CPR/AED training (81.6%, prevalence ratio = 1.10, 95% confidence interval = 1.01, 1.20). Conclusions Based on these data, statewide policy requirements for the development of an EAP may be associated with increasing adoption of EAPs.

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46

Choi, Yoonyoung, Alexandra Bhatti, Zhiwen Liu, Michelle Goveia, and Jakub Simon. "161. impact of State Childcare and School Hepatitis a Vaccination Requirements on Coverage of Hepatitis a Vaccines in the United States." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2020): S210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.471.

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Abstract Background Widespread Hepatitis A (Hep A) outbreaks in the United States (US) have raised the importance of vaccination. Vaccination requirements for childcare and school entry could be an effective strategy to ensure compliance to recommended vaccination schedule. We assessed the association between state childcare and school entry requirements for Hep A vaccination and vaccine coverage rate among children and adolescents in the US. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional cohort study using National Immunization Survey-Child and Teen dataset between 2008 and 2017. We included children aged 19–35 months and adolescents aged 13–17 years residing in states with childcare entry requirement only (C); school entry requirement only (S); childcare AND school entry requirement (C+S); and neither of requirements in place in the survey year (Control). We developed a multivariate logistic regression model adjusting for demographics, survey year, state’s CDC vaccination recommendation status, stringency of requirement, and history of Hep A outbreak, accounting for the survey design. Results We included 150,653 children and 119,265 adolescents in the analysis. Vaccination initiation rate was 53.9% and 72.6% (C), 48.3% and 74.9% (S), 48.2% and 83.9% (C+S) in pre- and post-requirement periods, respectively. In multivariate analysis, all state requirements were associated with higher Hep A vaccination initiation compared to control states (C: odds ratio 1.51, 95% confidence interval 1.37–1.66; S: 1.82, 1.49–2.23; and C+S: 1.49, 1.38, 1.62). Predictors for high vaccination initiation included vaccine recommendation since 1999 vs 2006 (2.87, 2.63–3.13); exemption of enforcement (most restrictive vs lenient: 2.10, 1.68–2.63). In addition, non-White, Hispanic children aged between 19–35 months with insurance, >$75,000 family income household, mothers having college degree were more likely to initiate Hep A vaccination. The associations were similar for Hep A vaccination completion. Figure 1. Hep A vaccination initiation and completion rates between pre- and post-requirement periods (C=childcare entry requirement only; S=school entry requirement only; and C+S=childcare AND school entry requirement) Table 1. Multivariate association between state policy and vaccination initiation and completion rate Conclusion States with childcare and school entry requirements are more likely to initiate and complete Hep A vaccine compared to those without such policy. This interventional policy may help to control and prevent Hep A outbreaks in states where it is applied. Disclosures Yoonyoung Choi, PhD, MS, RPh, Merck (Employee) Alexandra Bhatti, JD, MPH, Merck (Employee) Zhiwen Liu, PhD, Merck & Co., Inc., (Employee) Michelle Goveia, MD, Merck & Co., Inc (Employee, Shareholder) Jakub Simon, MD, MS, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA (Employee, Shareholder)

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Lee, Alyson, and Angela Noonan. "Psychotherapy training in Ireland: A survey of college tutors." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 29, no. 1 (2012): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700017602.

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AbstractObjectives: Psychotherapeutic skills are essential to practice psychiatry effectively, but previous surveys of trainees in Ireland show that they have not been getting adequate training in psychotherapy. This survey of college tutors was carried out to coincide with the establishment of the College of Psychiatry of Ireland which is introducing new psychotherapy training requirements. The survey aims to ascertain if trainees had fulfilled the Royal College of Psychiatrists' psychotherapy training requirements, models of psychotherapy available and the availability of psychotherapy qualifications amongst consultants and senior registrars.Methods: A questionnaire was posted to all registered tutors in the Republic of Ireland.Results: The postal questionnaire was sent to the 62 registered college tutors in the 13 training schemes. There is one tutor in each training hospital. The response rate was 79%. Our survey reveals that no psychotherapy training was available according to 16.3% of tutors. Only 22.5% of tutors were aware of trainees who had met college training requirements in the previous two years. 79.8% of tutors reported that there were consultants and senior registrars with qualifications in psychotherapy who could offer training if time and resources permitted.Conclusions: Current training requirements are not being fulfilled. There are consultants and senior registrars who have psychotherapy qualifications to provide psychotherapy training but there are inadequate resources and time to formalise training. It is unlikely that the implementation of training requirements by the new college will be realisable without a review of training delivery.

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Wang, Taehyung, Astushi Kitazawa, and Phillip Sheu. "Semantic software engineering." Encyclopedia with Semantic Computing and Robotic Intelligence 01, no. 01 (March 2017): 1630012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2425038416300123.

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One of the most challenging task in software development is developing software requirements. There are two types of software requirements — user requirement (mostly described by natural language) and system requirements (also called as system specifications and described by formal or semi-formal methods). Therefore, there is a gap between these two types of requirements because of inherently unique features between natural language and formal or semi-formal methods. We describe a semantic software engineering methodology using the design principles of SemanticObjects for object-relational software development with an example. We also survey other semantic approaches and methods for software and Web application development.

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Jeong, Jung Sik, Jaeyong Jeong, Hye-Jin Kim, and Sun-Young Kim. "USER REQUIREMENTS SUPPORTING THE SAFE NAVIGATION IN KOREAN COAST." Annual of Navigation 20, no. 1 (June 1, 2013): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aon-2013-0003.

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ABSTRACT This research aims at investigating the user requirements at the service level for safe navigation system, following e-navigation strategy implementation plan. The user requirements is surveyed to collect real-time navigational information and then to find out services through the presentation of the collected information. To provide the information on user needs for the system developer, a questionnaire survey has been made. Based on this surveys, this research investigated which navigational information is with higher priority for the safe navigation during ship operation by bridge team in harbour and in coastal and confined.

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Mabkhot, Mohammed, Abdulrahman Al-Ahmari, Bashir Salah, and Hisham Alkhalefah. "Requirements of the Smart Factory System: A Survey and Perspective." Machines 6, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines6020023.

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