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Pulte, Dianne, Adam Gondos, and Hermann Brenner. "Major Improvements in Survival in Hematologic Malignancies in the Early 2000s." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 632. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.632.632.
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Abstract Background: Recent advances in the treatment of hematologic malignancies have led to improvements in response and survival in clinical trials for several conditions. Translation of these improvements to better survival on the population level should be monitored in as timely as possible a manner. Methods: We estimated trends in relative survival in patients with common hematologic malignancies in the United States between the years 2000 and 2004 using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, employing the recently introduced technique of modeled period analysis to provide the most up-to-date and precise estimates of survival1. We calculated survival according to gender and age group as well as overall survival for each malignancy. Results: Major improvements in 5-year relative survivals were observed for nodal and extra-nodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) (+8.3 and +7.1 percentage points, respectively, p<0.0001), acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) (+4.8 percentage points, p=0.005), and chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) (+15.9 percentage points, p<0.0001). Improvement in 10-year survivals were observed in nodal and extra-nodal (EN) NHL (+8.7 and +7.8 percentage points, p<0.0001), AML (+4.3 percentage points, p=0.009), CML (+16.2 percentage points, p<0.0001), and myeloma (+3.4 percentage points, p=0.01). Statistically significant improvements in 10-year survival were seen in both genders for NHL and CML, but were limited to women for MM and AML, although a trend towards improved survival was seen in men with these conditions as well. Improvements in prognosis were largely restricted to patients aged less than 65, except for NHL and CML. Patients over 65 with EN NHL actually had a greater improvement than younger patients, with increases of 6.0 and 8.5 percentage points, respectively for patients over and under 65. The single greatest improvement observed was in patients less than 65 with CML, who had a 25.2 percentage point improvement in 10-year relative survival between 2000 and 2004. Conclusions: Application of modeled period analysis to an examination of hematologic malignancies revealed profound improvements in survival in the 5 years between 2000 and 2004. Survival in CML has improved dramatically, and major improvements were also seen for survival in NHL, AML, and MM. A combination of new therapeutic options, improved supportive care, and wider application of recent advances is likely to be responsible for the improvements observed. Our results emphasize the importance of timely information about translation of therapeutic advances into clinical practice, such as can be provided by modeled period analysis. 1. Brenner H, Hakulinen T. Up-to-date and precise estimates of cancer patient survival: model-based period analysis. Am J Epidemiol.2006;164:689–696. 10-year survival in hematologic malignanices in 2000 and 2004 Malignancy Number 10-year survival (SE)-2000 10-yr survival (SE)-2004 Difference P-value HD 9989 78.3 (1.2) 81.8 (1.1) +3.5 0.12 NHL-nodal 40,121 45.4 (0.9) 54.1 (0.9) +8.7 <0.0001 NHL-EN 19,447 60.1 (1.4) 67.9 (1.3) +7.8 0.00015 MM 17,330 14.3 (0.9) 17.7 (1.0) +3.4 0.01 ALL 2222 26.5 (2.8) 33.2 (2.9) +6.7 0.14 CLL 12,881 54.2 (2.0) 56.6 (2.0) +2.4 0.45 AML 10,153 15.0 (1.0) 19.3 (1.2) +4.3 0.0085 CML 5308 22.4 (2.0) 38.6 (2.4) +16.2 <0.0001
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Stosovic, M., M. Stanojevic, M. Radovic, et al. "Hemodialysis Modality, Percentage of Body Fat, and Patient Survival." International Journal of Artificial Organs 32, no. 1 (2009): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139880903200103.
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A.M., Jana, and Singh Pragya. "Bacterial Preservation." International Journal of Life Sciences and Technology (IJLST) ISSN:0974-5335 13, no. 1 (2020): 1–29. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4014767.
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Bacterial Preservation A.M. Jana<sup>1</sup> and Pragya Singh<sup>2</sup> 1 Director (R&D) & Department of Biotechnology, Vijayaraje Institute of Science and Management (VISM), Gwalior-474001, M.P., INDIA 2. Principal and Director VISM Group of Studies & Department of Biotechnology, Vijayaraje Institute of Science and Management (VISM), Gwalior-474001, M.P., INDIA amjana@rediffmail.com, pragyasingh797@gmail.com, vism_gwalior@rediffmail.com <strong>ABSTRACT</strong>: The present work pertains to preservation of bacterial culture using liquid nutrient media incorporated with a simple cryoprotectant and stored at 4<sup>o</sup>C and -20<sup>o</sup>C for an observation period of one year without aid of any expensive equipments, chemicals, etc. A few combinations of different strengths of liquid culture media with varying proportions of cryoprotectant were employed for the maintenance of bacterial culture and observed for the viability of the organism. Certain percentage of regression was observed with the passage of time, however, appreciable number of viable organisms was observed even at twelfth month. It is therefore inferred that nutrient media, used with glycerine as cryoprotectant can sustain the viability of the organism with its characteristics intact for more than a year. Bacterial cultures developed in double concentration (D.C) Nutrient Broth (N.B) fortified with equal parts of 30% glycerine in single concentration (S.C) of Saline and in equal parts of N.B (D.C) with 40% glycerine in Saline (S.C) appeared to support viability of the organism upto 6 months when stored at 4⁰ C ,well up twelve months at -20⁰ C. Although culture developed in N.B.(S.C) 3 parts + One part of 30% glycerine in Saline(S.C) also supported well, but stood next in order of choice. <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>was used as a model bacterial organism.The resultant ideal formulations developed is expected to be extendible to similar other organisms. Key words: Bacterial preservation, Cryoprotectant, Survival percentage URL: https://www.ijlst.org/papers-published/ijlst-2020-volume-13-issue-1
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Gudjonsson, Birgir. "Pancreatic Cancer: 80 Years of Surgery—Percentage and Repetitions." HPB Surgery 2016 (October 25, 2016): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6839687.
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Objective. The incidence of pancreatic cancer is estimated to be 48,960 in 2015 in the US and projected to become the second and third leading causes of cancer-related deaths by 2030. The mean costs in 2015 may be assumed to be $79,800 per patient and for each resection $164,100. Attempt is made to evaluate the results over the last 80 years, the number of survivors, and the overall survival percentage. Methods. Altogether 1230 papers have been found which deal with resections and reveal survival information. Only 621 of these report 5-year survivors. Reservation about surgery was first expressed in 1964 and five-year survival of nonresected survivors is well documented. Results. The survival percentage depends not only on the number of survivors but also on the subset from which it is calculated. Since the 1980s the papers have mainly reported the number of resections and survival as actuarial percentages, with or without the actual number of survivors being reported. The actuarial percentage is on average 2.75 higher. Detailed information on the original group (TN), number of resections, and actual number of survivors is reported in only 10.6% of the papers. Repetition occurs when the patients from a certain year are reported several times from the same institution or include survivors from many institutions or countries. Each 5-year survivor may be reported several times. Conclusion. Assuming a 10% resection rate and correcting for repetitions and the life table percentage the overall actual survival rate is hardly more than 0.3%.
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Wahyuningtyas, R. S., N. K. Kartikawati, A. Nirsatmanto, et al. "Effect of media on the percentage of Cratoxylum arborescens cutting." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1116, no. 1 (2022): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1116/1/012026.
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Abstract Gerunggang (Cratoxylum arborescens Blume.) is one of native peat swamp species which good potential for pulp material and rehabilitation. One factor affecting the success of vegetative propagation is rooting media. The objectived of this study was observed the suitability of four rooting medium for gerunggang cuttings i.e: river sand, mixture of peat+ rice husk (3:1), mixture of top soil+rice husk (3:1), and mixture of cocopeat+rice husk (2:1). A number of 20 gerunggang cuttings with 4 replication were tested at four rooting media during 16 weeks observation period. Some parameter were observed i.e: number of shoots, leaves and roots per cutting, length of primary root (cm), rooting speed, rooted percentage (%), and survival percentage (%). Different rooting media significantly affect (p<0.01) on number of buds per cutting and length of primary root. However, the type of rooting media did not significantly affect (p>0.05) to the number of leaves and roots per cutting, rooted percentage (%) and survival percentage (%). High rooting percentage was achieved by media topsoil+ricehusk with average of 67.50%, while the lowest percentage was obtained peat+ricehusk medium with average of 38.75%. A mixture of topsoil+rice husks (3:1) is a best medium for early growth of gerunggang cutting which indicate by best number of buds, leaves and roots per cutting, rooted percentage (%) and survival percentage (%). Survival rate of cutting in this research is ranging from 56.25% - 77.50%.
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Labrune, Elsa, Cyrielle Fournier, Benjamin Riche, et al. "Development and Survival of Human Ovarian Cells in Chitosan Hydrogel Micro-Bioreactor." Medicina 58, no. 11 (2022): 1565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58111565.
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Background and Objectives: To test the long-term ability of human ovarian cortex cells to develop in unconventional culture conditions. Materials and Methods. Ovarian cortex cells from fetuses aged 23 to 39 weeks gestation were cultured for 90 days in hollow chitosan hydrogel micro-bioreactors and concurrently in traditional wells. Various cell-type counts were considered. Results: With intact follicles as a denominator, the percentage of growing intact follicles at Day 0 varied widely between ovaries (0 to 31.7%). This percentage tended to increase or stay relatively constant in bioreactor as in control cultures; it tended more toward an increase over time in bioreactor vs. control cultures. Modeled percentages showed differences (though not significant) in favor of bioreactor cultures (16.12% difference at D50 but only 0.12% difference at D90). With all follicles present as a denominator, the percentage of growing primary and secondary follicles at D0 varied widely between ovaries (0 to 29.3%). This percentage tended to increase over time in bioreactor cultures but to decrease in control cultures. Modeled percentages showed significant differences in favor of bioreactor cultures (8.9% difference at D50 and 11.1% difference at D90). At D50 and D90, there were only few and sparse apoptotic cells in bioreactor cultures vs. no apoptotic cells in control cultures. Conclusions: Over three months, bioreactor folliculogenesis outperformed slightly traditional culture. This is an interesting perspective for follicle preservation and long-term toxicological studies.
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Nowakowski, Grzegorz S., James D. Hoyer, Tait D. Shanafelt, et al. "Percentage of Smudge Cells on Routine Blood Smear Predicts Survival in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 11 (2009): 1844–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2008.17.0795.
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PurposeSmudge cells are ruptured chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells appearing on the blood smears of CLL patients. Our recent findings suggest that the number of smudge cells may have important biologic correlations rather than being only an artifact of slide preparation. In this study, we evaluated whether the smudge cell percentage on a blood smear predicted survival of CLL patients.Patients and MethodsWe calculated smudge cell percentages (ratio of smudged to intact cells plus smudged lymphocytes) on archived blood smears from a cohort of previously untreated patients with predominantly early-stage CLL enrolled onto a prospective observational study. The relationship between percentage of smudge cells, patient survival, and other prognostic factors was explored.ResultsBetween 1994 and 2002, 108 patients were enrolled onto the study and had archived blood smears available for review; 80% of patients had Rai stage 0 or I disease. The median smudge cell percentage was 28% (range, 1% to 75%). The percentage of smudge cells was lower in CD38+versus CD38–patients (P = .019) and in Zap70-positive versus Zap70-negative patients (P = .028). Smudge cell percentage as a continuous variable was associated with prolonged survival (P = .042). The 10-year survival rate was 50% for patients with 30% or less smudge cells compared with 80% for patients with more than 30% of smudge cells (P = .015). In multivariate analysis, the percentage of smudge cells was an independent predictor of overall survival.ConclusionPercentage of smudge cells on blood smear is readily available and an independent factor predicting overall survival in CLL.
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Deshmukh, Snehal V., RP Gajbhiye, VU Raut, and Akshay A. Thakare. "Effect of Gamma rays on sprouting and survival percentage of Gladiolus." International Journal of Advanced Biochemistry Research 8, no. 12S (2024): 182–85. https://doi.org/10.33545/26174693.2024.v8.i12sc.3095.
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Diehl, L. F., and D. J. Perry. "A comparison of randomized concurrent control groups with matched historical control groups: are historical controls valid?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 4, no. 7 (1986): 1114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1986.4.7.1114.
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The use of a historical control group is predicated on the assumption that survival and relapse-free survival in the historical control group closely approximate the survival and relapse-free survival in a randomized concurrent control group. This assumption has never been tested. This study compares survival and relapse-free survival in randomized control groups with historical control groups matched for disease, stage, and follow-up. Of the 43 matched control groups, 42% varied by more than 10 percentage points, 21% varied by more than 20 percentage points, and 5% varied by more than 30 percentage points. Of the 18 that varied by greater than 10 percentage points, 17 had superior survival or relapse-free survival in the randomized concurrent control group. This study indicates that the assumption that historical control groups may replace randomized concurrent control groups is not valid.
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Keinath, Anthony P., and Mark W. Farnham. "Effect of Wirestem Severity on Survival and Head Production of Transplanted Broccoli and Cabbage." Plant Disease 85, no. 6 (2001): 639–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2001.85.6.639.
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Field experiments were conducted with transplants of Brassica oleracea with known severity levels of wirestem caused by Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group 4. Seedlings of broccoli and cabbage were grown in steamed soil infested with R. solani at 5 to 25 sclerotia/kg. Two weeks after inoculation, plants were separated into five severity classes based on wirestem symptoms, then transplanted into fumigated field plots in the spring and fall of 1995. The percentage of plants with and without aboveground symptoms was assessed at 14 and 42 days after transplanting. Marketable-sized heads were harvested eight times. In both seasons, percentages of symptomless plants, surviving (symptomless plus symptomatic) plants, and plants producing a marketable-sized head decreased as wirestem severity increased. Only 33 and 29% of cabbage transplants with >75% of the stem circumference girdled survived and produced a marketable head, respectively, compared with 95 and 83% of healthy transplants, respectively. For broccoli, only 15% of transplants with girdled stems survived and produced heads in spring but, in the fall, 74 and 72% of transplants with girdled stems survived and produced heads, respectively. Percentage of plants producing a marketable-sized head was highly correlated (P = 0.0001) with percentage of symptomless plants at 14 days after transplanting and percentage of surviving plants at 42 days after transplanting.
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Ovenseri, A., A. O. Ogunkeyede, and P. Tawari-Fufeyin. "Eco-toxicity assessment of fossil fuel tainted soil before phytoremediation trial." Nigerian Journal of Biotechnology 40, no. 2 (2024): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njb.v40i2.4.
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The research objective was to assess the extent of fossil fuel toxicity in the contaminated soil for an improved appraisal before phytoremediation trial and eco-safety of the soil. We used Bonny light fossil fuel to contaminate soil at different percentage levels of concentrations (5%, 3%, 1% and 0%). We assessed earthworm weight change and survival rate and plant response of Zea mays to the various treatments. Our results show that soil treated at concentration level of 5% had the highest earthworm mortality rate while the control soils had the highest earthworm survival rate. In addition, there was a noticeable change in the body weight of surviving earthworms in the 5% and 3% treated soil. Germination, shoot length and root length of the experimental plant was not totally inhibited in all the different concentrations. There was greater germination percentage obtained in 3%, 1% and 0% fossil fuel concentrations. The study verifies that high fossil fuel contamination percentage affects the biota of the soil by inhibiting plant germination and growth as well as reducing the survival and body mass of earthworms in the soil. The petroleum oil percentages utilized in this investigation can support phytoremediation trial and proposes that petroleum oil soil contamination ≤ 3% is ecologically safe for plants and animals’ survival as well as development.
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Franco, Robert S., Zahida Yasin, Joni M. Lohmann, et al. "The survival characteristics of dense sickle cells." Blood 96, no. 10 (2000): 3610–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v96.10.3610.h8003610_3610_3617.
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Sickle red blood cells (RBCs) become depleted of potassium, leading to dehydration and abnormally elevated cellular density. The increased sickling that results is important for both hemolysis and vasocclusion. In this study, sickle cells were subjected to high-speed centrifugation, and the bottom 15% were isolated. This procedure removed light cells and to a variable degree enriched cells that were denser than normal to produce a high-density–enriched (HDE) population of sickle cells. Autologous HDE cells from 3 subjects were labeled with biotin and re-infused. The following determinations were performed: (1) the survival and density changes of HDE cells; (2) the amount of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) in labeled cells after magnetic isolation; (3) the percentage of labeled F cells; (4) the percentage of labeled cells displaying external phosphatidylserine (PS). For patients with 3.5%, 4.5%, and 24% HbF in the HDE RBCs, the circulation half-time was 40, 80, and 180 hours, respectively. The percentage of HbF (measured in all 3 subjects) and of F cells (measured in 2 subjects) in labeled RBCs increased with time after re-infusion, indicating that HDE F cells have longer in vivo survival than HDE non-F cells. The percentage of PS+, biotin-labeled HDE cells showed no consistent increase or decrease with time after re-infusion. These data provide evidence that HDE sickle cells, especially those that do not contain HbF, have a very short in vivo survival, and that the percentage of PS+ cells in a re-infused HDE population does not change in a consistent manner as these cells age in the circulation.
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Masilamani, Poomaruthai, Velanganni Albert, S. Kannan, and K. Ramaswamy. "Comparitive Performance of Seed and Grafted Orgin Pongamia pinnata Roxb. Under Rainfed Ecosystem." Indian Journal of Forestry 39, no. 4 (2016): 321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2016-yfi9w8.
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Experiments were conducted to develop a high seed yielding Pongamia pinnata clone through cleft grafting and to estimate the grafting compatibility, survival and growth attributes of grafted plant over a period of seven weeks besides assessing the survival percentage, plant height (cm), number of leaves in the grafted clones in comparison with check under rain fed field conditions. The results in the nursery stage exhibited good graft compatibility, higher survival percentage (93.0 per cent) and more number of sprouts (26.6) in grafted plants. Biometric observations recorded in the field at 4 MAP (Months After Planting) revealed that the initial height growth and the number of leaves in the grafted plants (61.9cm; 285.6) was more than the check (42.9cm; 121.4) while at 12 MAP, survival percentage and 4 years and 6 months after planting survival percentage, height, basal diameter, dbh, number of primary branches and percentage of flowering tree was more in the check under rain fed ecosystem.
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Franco, Robert S., Zahida Yasin, Joni M. Lohmann, et al. "The survival characteristics of dense sickle cells." Blood 96, no. 10 (2000): 3610–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v96.10.3610.
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Abstract Sickle red blood cells (RBCs) become depleted of potassium, leading to dehydration and abnormally elevated cellular density. The increased sickling that results is important for both hemolysis and vasocclusion. In this study, sickle cells were subjected to high-speed centrifugation, and the bottom 15% were isolated. This procedure removed light cells and to a variable degree enriched cells that were denser than normal to produce a high-density–enriched (HDE) population of sickle cells. Autologous HDE cells from 3 subjects were labeled with biotin and re-infused. The following determinations were performed: (1) the survival and density changes of HDE cells; (2) the amount of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) in labeled cells after magnetic isolation; (3) the percentage of labeled F cells; (4) the percentage of labeled cells displaying external phosphatidylserine (PS). For patients with 3.5%, 4.5%, and 24% HbF in the HDE RBCs, the circulation half-time was 40, 80, and 180 hours, respectively. The percentage of HbF (measured in all 3 subjects) and of F cells (measured in 2 subjects) in labeled RBCs increased with time after re-infusion, indicating that HDE F cells have longer in vivo survival than HDE non-F cells. The percentage of PS+, biotin-labeled HDE cells showed no consistent increase or decrease with time after re-infusion. These data provide evidence that HDE sickle cells, especially those that do not contain HbF, have a very short in vivo survival, and that the percentage of PS+ cells in a re-infused HDE population does not change in a consistent manner as these cells age in the circulation.
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Park, James Hugh, Colin H. Richards, Donald C. Mcmillan, Paul G. Horgan, and Campbell S. D. Roxburgh. "The host inflammatory responses, tumor stroma percentage, and survival in colorectal cancer." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 3_suppl (2014): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.3_suppl.549.
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549 Background: The role of host inflammatory responses in determining colorectal cancer (CRC) outcome is increasingly recognised. In particular, a marked local inflammatory response is associated with improved survival. However, determinants of this response are not clear. A plausible factor in the density, location and type of the inflammatory cell infiltrate is the extent of tumor stroma. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between tumor stroma percentage (TSP), tumor inflammatory infiltrate and survival in patients undergoing elective CRC resection. Methods: 335 patients who had undergone elective resection for stage I-III CRC at a single institution between 1997-2008 were included. TSP at the invasive margin (IM) was assessed on H and E sections and grouped as low (≤50%) or high (>50%). Local inflammatory response was assessed at the IM using Klintrup-Mäkinen (K-M) score and at the IM, tumor stroma and cancer cell nests (CCNs) using the following T-cell markers: CD3, CD8, CD45R0, FOXP3. Systemic inflammatory response was assessed using modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS). Results: Eighty-three patients (25%) had high TSP. High TSP was associated with increased T stage, N stage (both p < 0.01), margin and serosal involvement (both p < 0.05), an infiltrative invasive margin (p < 0.001) and tumor necrosis (p = 0.001). TSP was associated with decreased infiltration by CD3+ and CD8+ cells at the CCNs (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05 respectively) but not at the IM or stroma. K-M score showed a trend towards an inverse association with TSP (p = 0.067). CD45R0+ and FOXP3+cell infiltration and mGPS were not associated with TSP. On multivariate analysis, TSP was associated with poorer cancer-specific survival (HR 1.93, 95% CI 1.15-3.23, p = 0.012), independent of N stage, VI (both p < 0.05), low CD8 at the IM and CCNs (both p < 0.01) and mGPS (p = 0.001). Conclusions: TSP was associated with the presence of high risk pathological characteristics and down-regulation of host intra-tumoral immune responses and was independently associated with poorer cancer survival. The extent of tumor stroma is an important factor in the nature of the tumor inflammatory cell infiltrate and outcome in patients undergoing elective surgery for CRC.
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Bomken, Simon, Beverley Davies, Leeai Chong, et al. "Percentage Tumor Necrosis Following Chemotherapy in Neuroblastoma Correlates withMYCNStatus but not Survival." Pediatric Hematology and Oncology 28, no. 2 (2011): 106–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/08880018.2010.526684.
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Cheng, Liang, Darrell D. Davidson, Haiqun Lin, and Michael O. Koch. "Percentage of Gleason pattern 4 and 5 predicts survival after radical prostatectomy." Cancer 110, no. 9 (2007): 1967–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.23004.
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Strömsöe, A., and J. Herlitz. "Incidence and percentage of survival after cardiac arrest outside and inside hospital." Resuscitation Plus 17 (March 2024): 100594. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resplu.2024.100594.
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Wani, Muneeb Ahmad, Faheemullah Khan, Ambreena Din, Imtiyaz Tahir Nazki, Shameen Iqbal, and Neelofar Banday. "Elucidating the Impact of Priming Substrates on Seedling Survival and Seed Quality of China Aster." Biology and Life Sciences Forum 4, no. 1 (2020): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecps2020-08750.
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Germination and seed quality of China aster are crucial features that affect seedling survival and establishment when seeded directly in a field. Moreover, freak weather events in changing climate scenarios and biotic stress have often resulted in poor seedling quality and survival of China aster. Subsequently, the impact of a range of priming techniques on germination, seedling survival and growth of cv. Powderpuff of China aster newly introduced in Kashmir valley was scrutinized at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory. Seeds were subjected to two treatment methods (3 hydro-priming and 2 halo-priming), constituting a total of six treatment combinations (T0–T5) in CRD (completely randomized design), with four replications. The analyzed variables were seedling survival percentage, germination percentage, seedling collar diameter, seedling fresh weight, shoot–root ratio and the number of leaves/seedling. The analyzed data on the influence of priming treatments on germination percentage are depicted, showing that different priming agents have a significant influence on pre- and post-germination attributes. Significantly, maximum germination percentage (87.50%), seedling survival percentage (81.95), seedling fresh weight (0.0031 g), seedling collar diameter (0.101 cm), number of leaves seedling−1 (7.01) and shoot–root ratio (1.044) were recorded in treatment T5 (2% KNO3 18 h) and minimum (42.50) in case of control (T0), i.e., un-primed seeds. Halo-conditioning with KNO3 for 12 h significantly improved germination percentage, seedling survival percentage, seedling diameter, leaf number per seedling and shoot–root ratio. In conclusion, KNO3 played a vital role in the establishment and survival of seedlings in the field, under Kashmir conditions.
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C., Adene I., Adedeji O.A, and Bakry H.O. "Intraspecific Hybridization of Clarias anguilaris and Exotic Hollandis Clarias gariepinus." International Journal of Sciences Volume 6, no. 2017-08 (2017): 15–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3350042.
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Intraspecific hybridization work was carried out on Clarias anguilaris and exotic hollandis Clarias gariepinus with the aim of determining the combination with the best hatchability, survival, and growth performance. The highest percentage hatchability (52.94%) was recorded for the parental exotic Clarias gariepinus while the least (43.99%) was recorded for the parental Clarias anguilaris, 51.80% hatchability was recorded for female Clarias anguilaris x male exotic Clarias gariepinus and 50.68% hatchability for female exotic Clarias gariepinus x male Clarias anguilaris respectively. The highest percentage survival of 74.5% was recorded for parental Clarias anguilaris and the least percentage survival of 38% was recorded for parental exotic Clarias gariepinus. The highest growth performance of 1.77g was observed in pure exotic hollandis C .gariepinus fry, followed by the hybrid cross of female exotic Clarias gariepinus x male Clarias anguilaris(1.60g), then the hybrid cross of male exotic Clarias gariepinus x female Clarias anguilaris (1.53g) and the least was 1.43g for pure Clarias angularis fry. The highest length increase of 0.89cm was observed in the fry of pure exotic hollandis Clarias gariepinus and the least is 0.53cm for pure Clarias angularis fry. Therefore the result of this research work shows that the hybrid of Male exotic holladis Clarias gariepinus x Female Clarias anguilaris is better for culture since the percentage survival, hatchability and length increase is higher than that of Female exotic Clarias gariepinus x Male Clarias anguilaris. Although there was no significant difference in their growth performance.Read Complete Article at ijSciences: V62017051292 AND DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.18483/ijSci.1292
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ElGioushy, Sherif Fathy, Liu Rui, and Haikuo Fan. "IMPACT OF VARIOUS 2, 4-D CONCENTRATIONS AND DIFFERENT VITAMIN MIXTURES ON in vitro CULTURE OF COCONUT (Cocos nucifera L.) BY UTILIZING SEEDLINGS SHOOT TIP." Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Hortorum Cultus 19, no. 2 (2020): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/asphc.2020.2.13.
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In this experiment, seedlings as sources for shoot tips was assembled from the coconut research institute (CRI) of Chinese Academy of tropical agricultural sciences germplasm, Wenchang, Hainan, China. The shoot tips were cultured on Y3 medium to study the impact of ten concentrations of 2, 4-D and three vitamin mixtures on survival, death and development % on in vitro culture establishment stage of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.). The obtained results revealed that all 2,4-D concentrations 4,7, 75, 100, 120 and 140 mg/L + any vitamin mixture did not give any development and high concentrations of 2, 4-D increased the death %. In any case, it can be concluded that the rate of differences in survival, death and development percentages exhibited by 2, 4-D concentrations was more pronounced than the analogous ones resulted by vitamin mixtures. At any rate, utilizing of (2, 4-D at concentration 25 mg/L+ vitamin mixture 1 or 2) exhibited the greatest values of survival percentage and reduced death percentage. Just as, increased the percentages of development in in vitro culture establishment stage of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) through seedlings shoot tip.
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Villalba, Ana, Leonor Senent, Esther Alonso, et al. "Percentage of Erythroid Cells in Bone Marrow at Diagnosis As a New Prognostic Factor in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (2018): 4363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-110210.
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Abstract Introduction Risk assessment is essential for guiding therapy in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Currently, the most widely used prognostic scoring models are the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) and the revised IPSS (IPSS-R). The prognostic relevance of the percentage of erythroid precursors (EP) in bone marrow (BM) and its relationship with other biological characteristics has been poorly studied, although it has been proposed that a very low percentage of EP in BM may represent a cohort of patients with potentially adverse outcome. Our main aim was to analyze the biological and clinical features of MDS patients according to the percentage of EP in BM at diagnosis and evaluate its prognostic value on survival. Patients and Methods Data from 4,791 de novo MDS patients from the MDS Spanish Registry with available cytogenetics were collected. All patients included were diagnosed based on the 2008 WHO criteria and risk stratification was performed following the IPSS-R. Patients were distributed, according to the percentage of EP in BM, into three groups: less than 15% (EP<15%), between 15% and 49% (EP 15-49%) and equal or more than 50% (EP>49%). Proportions were compared by the Chi-square test. Survival curves were constructed by Kaplan-Meier method and differences between curves were evaluated by log rank tests. Multivariable analysis of survival was performed using Cox's proportional hazards regression model. P-values <0.05 were considered as statistically significant. All statistical analyses were performed by the R software. Results The 4,791 cases were grouped according to the percentage of erythroid cells in BM at diagnosis. In Table 1 are displayed the clinical and biological characteristics of the patients in the whole series and in the three groups based on the EP percentage in BM. The group with EP<15% in BM showed a significantly greater number of cytopenias at diagnosis, a higher number of peripheral blood (PB) and BM blasts, and a higher percentage of patients classified in MDS subtypes with excess blasts. The EP>49% group presented higher rates of patients with refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts (RARS), lower number of PB and BM blasts, and more frequent high-risk cytogenetics. Conversely, the intermediate EP group with EP 15-49% showed less number of cytopenias, higher frequency of good-prognosis cytogenetics, and lower percentage of patients in higher-risk IPSS-R categories. Survival analyses confirmed that age, blast percentage in PB and BM, and IPSS-R cytogenetics are significantly associated with worse survival. A striking difference in survival within groups according to percentage of EP was also found, recognizing EP percentage as an independent risk factor for survival of MDS patients in multivariate analysis. Patients with EP<15% in BM experienced a significantly shorter OS (median, 28 months) in both univariable (P<0.0001) and multivariable analysis (P<0.0001) (Table 2 and Figure 1). The best survival was found for patients with EP 15-49% with a median survival of 58 months. The group with EP>50% in BM had also worse survival than the intermediate group, showing a median survival of 47 months (hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.93; P < 0.005). Conclusions Our study proves the prognostic impact of the percentage of erythroid precursors in bone marrow in MDS patients, providing evidence that the presence of EP <15% in BM is an independent risk factor for survival. Disclosures Díez-Campelo: Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.
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Yadav, Murlee, M. S. Kushwah, D. B. Singh, R. K. Roshan та Nongallei Pebam. "Effect of γ-Irradiation on Germination, Growth, Sensitivity and Survivability of Papaya cv. Kesar King". Journal of Horticultural Sciences 3, № 1 (2008): 68–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v3i1.600.
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An experiment was laid out in a 4x2 factorial design, with 4 levels of γ-irradiation (0,5,10&15 Krad) and two dates of sowing (15th September and 15th October) on papaya cv. Kesar King. The results indicated that germination percentage, survival percentage and plant growth increased with the increased in γ-irradiation upto 10 Krad. Early sowing of seed (15th September) showed better germination (73%), survival (70%) and plant growth as compared to late sowing (15th October). Interaction between γ-irradiation of 10 Krad and early sowing of seed (15th September) was found superior to all the other treatment combinations to obtain optimum germination percentage, survival percentage and plant growth.
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Zhang, Bing Rong, Mary Buhr, Tom Kroetsch, and S. P. Leibo. "Glycine betaine improves survival of fresh bovine spermatozoa." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 13, no. 3 (2001): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd01006.
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Fresh spermatozoa from bulls established as ‘good freezers’ and ‘poor freezers’ (consistently ≥50% or <20% motile spermatozoa after cryopreservation, respectively) were incubated for 96 h in Tes/Tris–egg yolk or TALP–egg yolk media at 37°, 20°, 5° or 0°C. The TALP extender contained 0, 100 or 200 mM glycine betaine (GB) to test the hypothesis that GB would efficiently maintain spermatozoa function during long-term incubation. The percentage of motile spermatozoa declined over time in a temperature- and medium-dependent fashion. No spermatozoa were motile by 24 h incubation at 37°C or by 72 h incubation at 0°C, and there were no significant differences in the percentage of motile spermatozoa from either category of bull when spermatozoa were incubated in any media for less than 24 h. Spermatozoa from poor freezers were significantly more motile than spermatozoa from good freezers after 96 h at 20° or 5°C in TALP alone; however, GB at both 100 and 200 mM increased the percentage of motile spermatozoa in poor and good freezers and eliminated these differences. Overall, the presence of GB at either 100 or 200 mM significantly improved the percentage of motile spermatozoa at 20°, 5° and 0°C, but not at 37°C.
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Tiwari, Prateek Kumar, Vipin Vyas, Sona Dubey, et al. "The Potential Effects of Azolla as a Growth Promoter for Labeo rohita Fingerlings." Asian Journal of Current Research 9, no. 2 (2024): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.56557/ajocr/2024/v9i28678.
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Non-conventional aqua feeds are crucial for promoting sustainability, reducing costs, and minimizing environmental impact in aquaculture, fostering industry growth and addressing environmental concerns. The 60 days experiment was conducted for the introduction of Azolla into the diet of Labeo rohita fingerlings resulted in significant variations (p<0.05) in several growth parameters, including percentage weight gain, percentage length gain, specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and survival rate. While no significant difference in FCR was observed among treatments during the initial 0 to 45-day interval, a notable disparity emerged between 45 to 60 days, with the highest FCR recorded in T3 and the lowest in T3. Similarly, although there were no significant differences in SGR among treatments at various intervals, the highest SGR was observed in T3, while the lowest was in T1. Furthermore, percentages of weight increment were significantly different between the intervals of 15-30 days and 30-45 days, with the highest percentage gain observed in T3 and the lowest in T1. Likewise, percentages of length increment showed significant differences between the intervals of 15-30 days, with T1 exhibiting the highest percentage gain and T1 the lowest. The survival rate % of different treatments at the end of the experiment varied, with T3 showing the highest survival rate and T0 the lowest. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences in percent length gain, percent weight gain, SGR, and FCR among the treatments. These findings underscore the complex interplay between fish species, feed nutrients, additives, and rearing conditions on the growth process of Labeo rohita fingerlings. The observed variations in growth parameters highlight the potential of Azolla as a growth promoter in aquaculture practices. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving these effects and to optimize Azolla supplementation protocols for enhanced growth performance and sustainability in Labeo rohita aquaculture.
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Ko, Chien-An, Ku-Hao Fang, Ming-Shao Tsai, et al. "Prognostic Value of Neutrophil Percentage-to-Albumin Ratio in Patients with Oral Cavity Cancer." Cancers 14, no. 19 (2022): 4892. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14194892.
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This study investigated preoperative neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR) for predicting oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) survival. We retrospectively analyzed 368 patients who received curative OSCC surgery between 2008 and 2017. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were employed to identify the optimal NPAR cutoff (16.93), and the patients were then separated into low-NPAR and high-NPAR groups. Intergroup differences in survival were determined through Kaplan–Meier analysis and log-rank tests. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) predictors were identified using Cox proportional-hazards models. A nomogram integrating independent prognostic factors was proposed to increase the accuracy of OS prediction. A high NPAR (≥16.93) was associated with worse median OS and DFS than was a low NPAR (both p < 0.001); this finding was confirmed through multivariate analyses (hazard ratio (HR) for OS = 2.697, p < 0.001; and HR for DFS = 1.671, p = 0.008). The nomogram’s favorable predictive ability was confirmed by the calibration plots and concordance index (0.784). The preoperative NPAR is thus a promising prognostic biomarker in patients with OSCC after external validation in a larger cohort. Our nomogram can facilitate clinical use of the NPAR and provides accurate individualized OS predictions.
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Cobon, D. H., and J. O. Carter. "Effect of herbage in Astrebla spp. pastures in northwest Queensland on lamb survival." Journal of Agricultural Science 122, no. 2 (1994): 291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600087487.
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SUMMARYExtensive grazing experiments were conducted over four summer breeding seasons in north-west Queensland between 1984 and 1989. Ewes in the last third of pregnancy were grazed on Mitchell grass (Astrebla spp.) pastures of varying forb (herbaceous plant other than a grass) content. Pastures of low forb content (F-) were attained by stocking paddocks heavily with wethers prior to the experiment, or by selecting paddocks which already contained pastures of low forb content. Pastures of high forb content (F+) were kept without animals prior to the experimental period. Pastures comprised a range of forb biomass (29–828 kg DM/ha) and percentage forbs in total biomass (3–49%). Lamb marking percentage was found to be dependent on the biomass of forbs and proportion of forbs in the pasture, in two experiments. Ewes which grazed F+ pastures had lower lamb marking percentages than those grazing F- pastures.Twenty pasture species collected during the experiments were analysed for the ratio of 13C: 12C and photosynthetic pathway was determined. Five forb and all three grass species had C4-dicarboxylic acid pathways, ten forbs had Calvin-C3 pathways and two forbs had crassulacean acid metabolism pathways.Estimates of the proportion of C3 and C4 species in the diet were determined by analysing the ratio of 13C:12C in faeces. The apparent high proportion of Calvin-C3 pathway forbs in the diet of ewes compared to the proportion in the total pasture biomass indicated that ewes preferentially select C3 forbs in the diet, although there was no dependence of lambing percentage on the estimated proportion of C3 forbs in the diet. Management strategies that may improve lambing percentage in the Mitchell grass areas of north-west Queensland are discussed.
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Park, Jin-Woo, Minseok Kim, Seol-Hee Baek, Joo Hye Sung, Jae-Guk Yu, and Byung-Jo Kim. "Body Fat Percentage and Availability of Oral Food Intake: Prognostic Factors and Implications for Nutrition in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis." Nutrients 13, no. 11 (2021): 3704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13113704.
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Adequate nutritional support and high body mass index (BMI) are good prognostic factors for disease progression and survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, whether the composition of body weight, such as body fat percentage, has an independent effect on ALS prognosis remains unclear. The clinical data of 53 ALS patients were collected by medical record review. The data included: disease onset, sex, age, time of diagnosis, survival duration, presence of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG), nasogastric tube, tracheostomy, and availability of oral intake throughout the course of the disease, and interval measurement values of body mass by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The interval change (∆) of the BIA parameters was calculated by subtracting the follow-up values from the baseline values. Change in body fat percentage/interval between BIA measurements (months) (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.374, p = 0.0247), and availability of oral food intake (HR = 0.167, p = 0.02), were statistically significant for survival duration in multivariate hazard proportional regression analysis. Survival analysis and Kaplan–Meier curves showed similar results. Higher average monthly change in body fat percentage and availability of oral food intake are prognostic factors in ALS survival.
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R, Tejaswini, Kavita Kandpal, Pooja Rajendra Dhange, Chandan Manjunath Gunaga, and Chikkalingaiah. "Varietal Differences in Seed Germination and Seedling Survival of Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.) Genotypes." Journal of Scientific Research and Reports 30, no. 7 (2024): 775–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i72188.
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Bittergourd (Momordica charantia L.) is a multipurpose vegetable renowned for its distinct bitter taste, nutritional richness and potential health benefits. Fourteen different bitter gourd genotypes were evaluated at Department of Horticulture, University of agricultural sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru. To know the variations with respect to germination percentage, days taken for germination and survival percentage. The seeds of these genotypes were pre-soaked for 12 hrs and sown in the protrays. The maximum germination percentage was seen in the genotype Pusa Purvi (91.67) followed by Konkan Karali (88.33%) and Konkan Tara (88.00%). The minimum days taken for germination were recorded in Hirkani (8.00 days), Punjab 14 (8.50 days), Pusa Rasdar (9.00 days) and Konkan Tara (9.00 days) making them favourable for faster germination. The maximum survival percentage was recorded in Hirkani (97.30) followed by Pusa Purvi (97.81) and Phule Green Gold (97.31) while CO 1 exhibited lowest germination (40.33%) and survival (82.12%) percentage. These findings underscore the importance of genotype selection in optimizing germination and survival rates, which are critical for achieving high crop yields and robust plant growth.
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Hassan Hussein, Zihel, Mayada Ilias Yalda, Djwar Ali Haji, and Tamara Qais Faraj. "Breast Cancer Survival Rate; Clinico-Pathological Correlation in Duhok." Al-Kufa University Journal for Biology 11, no. 3 (2019): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36320/ajb/v11.i3.11862.
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Background: Breast cancer (BC) is a common cause of cancer related death, yet the efforts to follow-up patients in developing countries are humble. This study aims to establish a primary percentage of the 7-year BC survivors in Duhok province and correlate it to the age and the main histopathological features at time of diagnosis; including the tumor size and the status of the lymph nodes (LNs).
 Material and method: A total of sixty BC patients were included in this follow-up study, all of them were diagnosed in the histopathological department of the central lab in Duhok before 2013. The survival rate was estimated by contacting the survived patients or the families of the late BC patients.
 Results: The study reported 7-year survival rate of 30%. Mortality was significantly higher in patients younger than 40 years and in patients equal or older than 50 years. Most of the patients (86.7%) had tumor size equal or greater than 2cm at time of diagnosis. Mortality was significantly higher when the tumor size was greater than 5 cm. About 78.3% of the patients had positive LNs. Mortality in these patients was only slightly higher (70.2%) than those presented with negative LNs (69.2%). Conclusion: The high percentage of mortality in the first 7-years and the high percentages of patients presented with large tumor size and positive LNs at time of first diagnosis require a special attention and further follow-up studies. 
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Akbar, Muhammad, Aryani Rahmawati, L. A. T. T. W. Sukmaring Kalih, and Febrian Kusuma Atmanegara. "PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN JUMLAH BERAT BATU ZEOLIT YANG BERBEDA PADA TRANSPORTASI BENIH IKAN NILA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS)." Al-Qalbu: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Sains 2, no. 1 (2024): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.59896/qalbu.v2i1.65.
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This research aims to determine the effect of adding different weights of zeolite stone on the survival rate of tilapia (Oreocrhomis niloticus) seeds during the transportation process carried out at BBI Batu Kumbung, Lingsar District, West Lombok Regency. The method used in this research is an experimental method. The data analysis used was Analytical Analysis (ANASRA) at a real level of 5% and 1% to determine the percentage of mortality of the object under study. The results of this research were the use of zeolite stones with different weights for transporting tilapia (Oreocrhomis niloticus) seeds. The results of observations in treatment X0 using zeolite stone weighing 10 g mean percentage of life 74.66%, X1 treatment uses zeolite stone weighing 20 grams with an average survival percentage of 77.33%, X2 treatment uses zeolite stone weighing 30 g with an average survival percentage of 82.66%, and treatment X3 using zeolite stone weighing 40 g with an average survival percentage of 88.66%. ased on the Variety Scan analysis, it shows where F Calculated < F Table 5%, so it can be concluded that H0 is accepted or H1 is rejected, meaning that the difference in the weight of the zeolite stone does not have a significant effect on the survival rate of tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus)
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Chunmei, Zhao, Wang Qingcheng, and Chen Xiangwei. "Study on relationships among seedling quality and survival rate, stocking percentage and growth." Journal of Northeast Forestry University 5, no. 2 (1994): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02843229.
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Patil, Mrunal D., K. V. Malshe, M. H. Khanvilkar, N. V. Dalvi, and R. S. Deshpande. "Response of Different Stem Cutting to IBA on Sprouting and Survival of Night-blooming Jasmine (Cestrum nocturnum L., Solanaceae)." Asian Journal of Research in Biochemistry 14, no. 6 (2024): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajrb/2024/v14i6325.
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The present investigation was assessed at Floriculture farm of College of Horticulture, Dapoli, Dist. Ratnagiri, (Maharashtra state) during Rabi season of the year 2023-24. The experiment was designed in Factorial Randomized Bock Design replicated thrice comprised two factors viz. types of stem cutting (Factor A) as softwood cutting, semi-hardwood cutting and hardwood cutting and IBA levels (factor B) as control, IBA @ 1500 ppm, 2000 ppm, 2500 ppm and 3000 ppm. Softwood cutting recorded minimum days taken for first sprout (6.33 days) and highest days required for sprouting (32.07 days). Hardwood cutting registered higher sprouting percentage (85.60 %) and survival percentage (80.93 %). Minimum days taken for first sprout (6.11 days), days required for highest sprouting (29.22 days) and maximum sprouting percentage (88 %) were recorded in control treatment. IBA @ 2000 ppm recorded the highest survival percentage (84.64 %). In interaction effect, softwood cutting treated with IBA @ 2000 ppm recorded early appearance of first sprout (4.00 days). However, softwood cutting treated without IBA took least days for highest sprouting (29.22 days). The highest sprouting percentage (100 %) was recorded in hardwood cutting treated with 1500 ppm IBA and 2000 ppm IBA. Hardwood cutting treated with 2000 ppm IBA recorded 100 % of survival percentage. Hence, it concluded that treatment combination of hardwood cutting treated with 2000 ppm IBA showed promising result for sprouting and survival percentage of night-blooming jasmine under Konkan agro-climatic condition.
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Guan, Tao, Meijing Zheng, and Liping Su. "Study on the Bone Marrow Plasma Cell Percentage in Predicting Survival in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma." Blood 144, Supplement 1 (2024): 6984. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2024-206521.
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Introduction In the diagnostic criteria for multiple myeloma (MM), the percentage of clonal plasma cells(PC) in bone marrow(BM)≥10% is one of the important diagnostic criteria. However, the count of PC is greatly affected by the detection method. The BM smear staining processing is simple and has low damage to cells, but it cannot detect the clonality of PC; BM biopsy(BMB) is complex and time-consuming, and the PC count is greatly affected by human factors; flow cytometry (FCM) can detect the clonality of PC, but it has high requirements for cell activity, and the test procedure is easy to cause cell damage, resulting in a PC percentage lower than the true value. In clinical practice, there is a confusion of inconsistency between the PC percentage detected by BM smear and FCM, and there are few reports on the PC percentage detected by the two methods in predicting MM survival. This study enrolled patients with newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) for retrospective analysis to explore the clinical value of the PC percentage detected by the two methods. Methods 147 NDMM from Shanxi province cancer hospital from January 2018 to December 2023 were enrolled in this study. The diagnosis of patients met the 2014 IMWG diagnostic criteria. After Wright-Giemsa staining of BM smear, the PC percentage is calculated by the ratio of PC to nuclear cells. Clonal PC detected by FCM, and abnormal immunophenotype included CD19(-) /CD45 (-/dim) /CD56(+) /CD117(+) /CD27(-)/CD81(-), and restricted expression of Kappa/Lambda. Clonal PC percentage is calculated by the ratio of clonal PC to nuclear cells. The induction treatment regimen is the combination of proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, cytotoxic drugs and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT). All patients were followed up regularly, and the median follow-up time is 25.13 months (0.46-66.67 months). Results We analyzed the correlation between bone marrow PC percentage and poor clinical prognostic factors and showed that PC percentage was significantly higher in patients with advanced R-ISS stage, higher risk stratification(mSMART stratification), elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and higher β2 microglobulin(β2M). These differences were consistent in BM smear PC percentage and FCM PC percentage. NDMM patients with BM smear PC percentage &gt;50% had a significantly shorter OS and PFS than those with BM smear PC percentage ≤50% (p=0.0034, p=0.0538 ); When the FCM PC percentage &gt;10%, the OS and PFS of NDMM patients are significantly worse than those with the FCM PC percentage ≤10% (p=0.0073, p=0.0348). We also explored the effect of auto-HSCT on OS and PFS. The results showed that patients who underwent auto-HSCT had better OS and PFS than those who did not undergo auto-HSCT; Patients with higher PC percentage who underwent ASCT still had better OS and PFS than patients with lower PC percentage but who did not undergo transplantation. Conclusions Our data demonstrated that the bone marrow PC percentage can reflect tumor burden and is associated with patient survival. Higher PC percentage predict the Shorter OS and PFS of NDMM. ASCT induction therapy can improve the poor survival outcome caused by increased PC percentage.
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Hidalgo Mogollon, Auberto, John E. Sandoval Ramayoni, Tessy Peralta Ortiz, Oscar Augusto Mendoza Neyra, and Alberto Ordinola Zapata. "Alimento balanceado comercial de langostino permite un buen crecimiento, supervivencia e inmunidad de robalo (Centropomus spp.)." Manglar 20, no. 3 (2023): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.57188/manglar.2023.032.
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The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of three diets based on commercial balanced food for shrimp (AB) with 28% protein, pipona (Gambusia affinis) and jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) on the growth, survival and blood parameters of snook (Centropomusspp.). The experiment lasted 8 weeks, it had three treatments with two repetitions (3 m3tanks) in which 10.9 g snookswere stocked, at a density of 3.3 specimens/m2, the food was applied once a day. At the end of the experiment, the specimens that received the AB diet had a total weight and length that were significantly higher than those of the other diets. Survival and percentage of lymphocytes in blood was higher with AB and jumbo squid. But, the erythrocyte count and hematocrit were lower in AB-fed fish, possibly due to the iron deficiency of this diet. It was concluded that the commercial balanced food for shrimp with 28% protein allowed good growth, survival and percentage of lymphocytes, and that if supplemented with iron it can be a good option for feeding snooks in culture.
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Pardanani, Animesh, Thomas E. Witzig, Georgene Schroeder, et al. "Circulating peripheral blood plasma cells as a prognostic indicator in patients with primary systemic amyloidosis." Blood 101, no. 3 (2003): 827–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-06-1698.
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Abstract This study examined the prognostic value of circulating peripheral blood plasma cells (PBPCs) in patients with primary systemic amyloidosis (AL). A sensitive slide-based immunofluorescence technique was used to assess 147 patients for circulating PBPCs. Circulating monoclonal plasma cells were quantified as a percentage of circulating cytoplasmic immunoglobulin-positive cells (PBPC%). The absolute circulating plasma cell count was also determined. When analyzed retrospectively, 24 (16%) of 147 patients were found to have detectable circulating PBPCs. Overall survival for patients with high PBPC%'s (> 1%) was poorer (median survival, 10 vs 29 months;P = .002). Similarly, overall survival for patients with high PBPC counts (> 0.5 × 106/L) was significantly poorer (median, 13 vs 31 months;P = .003). Increased percentages of bone marrow plasma cells (BMPC%; P = .0004), increased levels of serum β2-microglobulin (P = .04), and dominant cardiac amyloid involvement (P = .03) also predicted poorer survival. The combined consideration of circulating PBPCs and BMPC% identified low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups with median survivals of 37.5, 15.5, and 10 months, respectively (P = .0003). Multivariate analysis revealed circulating PBPCs and BMPC% to be independent prognostic factors for survival. Patients with PBPC%'s of 2% or higher were significantly more likely to have a coexisting clinical diagnosis of multiple myeloma (50% vs 12%, P = .008). The prognostic value of circulating PBPCs may help select treatment for patients with AL.
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Tikader, A., and C. Kamble. "Studies on sprouting and survival of different exotic mulberry (Morus Spp.) accessions." Indian Journal of Forestry 32, no. 1 (2009): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2009-4ckojy.
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Seventeen exotic mulberry germplasm accessions were evaluated for propagation traits for two seasons to assess their genetic potential in tropical dry climate. The sprouting percentage after 30 days was observed maximum in M. rotundiloba (88.44%) followed by Kenmochi (87.79%), Shrim-2 (86.57%) and minimum in Fernodias (61.90%). Maximum survival percentage after 90 days followed the same trend as sprouting. The trend of survival percentage of saplings gradually decreases as the age of the saplings increased may be due to environmental influence. The selection of mulberry accession for commercial exploitation, survival is considered one of the important criteria as it is propagated through vegetative means.
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Siregar, Annisa, Mochamad Syaifudin, and Marini Wijayanti. "MASKULINISASI IKAN CUPANG (Betta splendens) MENGGUNAKAN MADU ALAMI MELALUI METODE PERENDAMAN." Jurnal Akuakultur Rawa Indonesia 6, no. 2 (2018): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36706/jari.v6i2.7158.
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ABSTRACT This research aims to determine the effect of natural honey to male percentage of betta fish by masculinization. This researchwas conducted at FisheriesBasic Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University on January– February 2018. This research usedcompletely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment in this research was4 day of betta fish larvae that submersed in 5 ml/L natural honey with different immersiontime.The treatmentconsisted of P0 (without natural honey), P1 (12 hours of immersion), P2 (16 hours of immersion), P3 (20 hours of immersion),and P4 (24 hours of immersion). The observed parameters were post-immersion survival percentage, percentage of male betta fish, post- rearing survival percentage and water quality. The result showed the percentage of male betta fish was 47,50 % (P0), 66,35 % (P1), 73,51% (P2), 75,37 (P3), and 85,14 % (P4). Water quality during maintenace were temperature 27,4-28,8 oC, pH 5,3-5,8, DO 3,43-3,59 mg/L and amonia 0’001-0,002 mg/L. Treatment of P4 (24 hours of immersion) indicatedthe best treatment with larval survival percentage andmale percentage were 90.00% and 85.14% respectirely. Keywords : Betta fish (Betta splendens), masculinization,natural honey
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OHASHI, H., N. UMEDA, N. HIRAZAWA, Y. OZAKI, C. MIURA, and T. MIURA. "Antiparasitic effect of calcium and magnesium ion-free buffer treatments against a common monogeneanNeobenedenia girellae." Parasitology 134, no. 2 (2006): 229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182006001430.
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This study investigated a new effective method for controlling the capsalid monogeneanNeobenedenia girellae. We examinedin vitroandin vivothe effect on the percentage survival ofN. girellaein buffers containing different metallic ions. Decreased survival was observed in buffer solutions lacking two ions. In particular, the percentage survival ofN. girellaewas significantly decreased after 10 min exposure to buffer containing neither Ca2+nor Mg2+. Transmission electron microscopic observations showed that treatment with this buffer disrupted intercellular junctions. This significant effect on percentage survival ofN. girellaeusing Ca2+/Mg2+-free buffer was confirmed in anin vivoassay. Ca2+/Mg2+-free buffer had no effect on the condition of the host, spotted halibutVerasper variegates(Pleuronectidae). These results suggest that treatment with Ca2+/Mg2+-free buffer is a new effective control method, which could replace existing control methods.
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Vadhwa, O. P., and Frank B. Matta. "SURVIVAL AND ROOTING OF NECTARINE CUTTINGS UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS." HortScience 27, no. 6 (1992): 691a—691. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.6.691a.
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Quiescent nectarine cuttings of `Karla Rosa', `Carolina Red' and `Early King' were taken in the fall of 1988. The cuttings were inserted in Jiffy 7 pellets, Jiffy pots filled with Jiffy mix and pots filled with sand and vermiculite (1:1 by volume). The pellets and pots containing the cuttings were placed in rows in field propagation beds. A control (cuttings placed directly in field propagation beds) was used for comparison. In addition, cuttings of `Karla Rosa' under mulch treatments were propagated in 1990. Percentage cutting survival and percentage of cuttings of `Karla Rosa' and `Carolina Red' was greatest when cuttings were propagated directly in the field and when inserted in vermiculite and sand mixture. Percentage cutting survival for `Early King' was not significant, regardless of treatment. When propagated in pots filled with vermiculite and sand mixture, rooting for `Early King' was 41 percent. In 1990, sawdust and hay mulches enhanced rooting and survival of `Karla Rosa' cuttings when compared to the control (no mulch).
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Angami, Thejangulie, and R. P. Das. "Standardization of IBA Concentration for Rooting of Cuttings of some Indigenous Fruit Crops of Assam." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 6, no. 2 (2011): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v6i2.415.
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An experiment was conducted to study the effect of different concentrations of IBA (250, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 ppm) on rooting of cuttings in five indigenous fruit species- Barthekera (Garcinia pedunculataRoxb.), Teportenga (Garcinia xanthochymus Hk.f), Jalphai (Eleocarpus floribundus Bl ), Nagatenga (Rhus semialata Murr.) and Outenga (Dillenia indica Linn.) during March 2007. Among all the five species studied, Outenga registered highest percentage of rooting (38.86), number of primary roots (12.00), survival percentage (40.47) and longest shoots (20.41cm). IBA @ 2000 ppm exhibited highest percentage of rooting (37.13), number of primary roots (9.13), survival percentage (35.69) and longest shoots (17.91cm).
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Agustina, Herdia, Ade Dwi Sasanti, and Marini Wijayanti. "PENAMBAHAN SARI BUAH BELIMBING WULUH (Averrhoa bilimbi) PADA PAKAN UNTUK MENGOBATI IKAN LELE SANGKURIANG (Clarias sp.) YANG DIINFEKSI Aeromonas hydrophila." Jurnal Akuakultur Rawa Indonesia 5, no. 2 (2018): 155–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.36706/jari.v5i2.7140.
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ABSTRACT Motile Aerhomonas Septicemia (MAS) is one of bacteria diseases which is often attack freshwater fish. Motile Aerhomonas Septicemia (MAS) or hemmorage septicemia caused by bacteria A. hydrophila. The aim of this reserch examine Averrhoa bilimbi juice mixed on feed in order to effect sangkuriang catfish by A. hydrophila. The research was conducted at September until October 2016 in Laboratorium Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sriwijaya and Laboraturium UPT Klinik Universitas Sriwijaya. Method of the research uses Completely Ranomized Design with six treatments and three replications. This research was conducted for 25 days of rearing. The catfish given feed mixed A. b ilimbi juice about 150 mL.kg-1 (P1), 200 mL.kg-1 (P2), 250 mL.kg-1 (P3) dan 300 mL.kg-1 (P4) with frequency was three times a day. The parameters of this reserch is wound diameter, the percentage of cured fish, hematocrit, growth, food convertion ratio, survival rate, and chemical properties (temperature, pH, DO and ammonia). The results showed that the addition of A. bilimbi juice at P1 be obtained the percentage of cured fish was 64.47% and survival rate was 71.11%. P2 be obtained the percentage of cured fish was 68.89% and survival rate was 73.33%. P3 be obtained the percentage of cured fish was 72.53% and survival rate was 80.00%. P4 be obtained the percentage of cured fish was 95.40% and survival rate was 95.56%. P4 with dose 300 mL.kg-1 feed is the best treatment bacterial A. hydrophila infection of hematocrit was 32%, the percentage of cured fish was 95.40%, and survival rate was 95.56%. Water quality parameters during maintenance is still in a state of optimum range. Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, Sangkuriang catfish, Averrhoa bilimbi juice.
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Miettinen, Joonas, Nea Malila, Matti Hakama, and Janne Pitkäniemi. "Spillover improved survival in non-invited patients of the colorectal cancer screening programme." Journal of Medical Screening 25, no. 3 (2017): 134–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969141317718220.
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Objectives In colorectal cancer screening, randomized clinical trials have shown a 16% mean reduction in colorectal cancer mortality, but the Finnish randomized health services study showed no effect. We quantified spillover (the total indirect effect caused by the programme on the non-invited) and corrected the effectiveness estimate of the Finnish programme. Methods We retrieved from the Finnish Cancer Registry data on all non-invited colorectal cancer patients diagnosed in 1999–2013 in municipalities that adopted screening ( n = 18,948). Patients were stratified by three 5-year diagnostic periods and two calendar periods of programme adoption in the municipality of residence. Follow-up ended on 31 December 2013. We measured the spillover effect in patient survival, based on differences of adjusted estimates of the colorectal cancer-related hazard of death between pairs of consecutive diagnostic periods. Results The spillover effect was estimated as 9 percentage points (95% confidence interval: −1 to 19 percentage points). It was 13 percentage points in men (−1 to 26 percentage points) and 5 percentage points in women (−9 to 20 percentage points). The corrected effect estimate of implementing screening in Finland was 5 percentage points. Conclusions The corrected Finnish effectiveness estimate was consistent with estimates from randomized trials. Indirect effects (spillover) bias the invitee–control contrast. In this case, spillover was an inherent benefit of the Finnish programme.
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Babadoost, M., and C. Pavon. "Survival of Oospores of Phytophthora capsici in Soil." Plant Disease 97, no. 11 (2013): 1478–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-12-12-1123-re.
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This study assessed survival of Phytophthora capsici oospores in soil in Illinois. Soils differing in texture and other characteristics were collected from four Illinois Counties (Champaign, Gallatin, Madison, and Tazewell), equilibrated to –0.3 MPa, and infested with oospores of P. capsici at a density of 5 × 103 oospores/g of dry soil. Samples (25 g) of the infested soil were placed in 15-μm mesh polyester bags, which were sealed and placed at 2-, 10-, and 25-cm depths in 15.3-cm-diameter PVC tubes containing the same field soil as the infested bags. Tubes were buried vertically in the ground at the University of Illinois Vegetable Research Farm in Champaign in October 2004. Soil samples were assayed for recovery and germination of oospores 1 day and 3, 6, 12, 24, 30, 36, and 48 months after incorporation of oospores into the soil. Overall, the percentage of oospore recovery and the percentage of germination of oospores were not affected significantly by soil source and burial depth but both the oospore recovery and oospore germination were significantly (P = 0.001) affected by the duration of oospore burial. The rate of oospore recovery from soil samples was 61.06, 16.69, 10.28, 1.05, 0.30, 0.06, 0.05, and 0.004% after 1 day and 3, 6, 12, 24, 30, 36, and 48 months, respectively, following incorporation of oospores into the soil; and mean oospore germination was 47.17, 30.53, 21.33, 15.64, 7.42, 2.67, 2.61, and 0.00%, respectively. Survival of P. capsici oospores was compared in soil samples stored in a laboratory at 22°C versus on the soil surface or buried 2, 10, or 25 cm deep in a field. Oospores were recovered 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after incorporation for both storage locations. The percentage of oospores recovered from samples stored in the laboratory was significantly (P = 0.004) greater than recovery from samples stored in the field, regardless of the depth of burial. Twenty-four months after incorporation of oospores, 26.52% of oospores were recovered from soil samples in the laboratory, whereas only 0.12% of oospores were recovered from soil samples in the field. Overall, the percentages of germination of oospores recovered from samples in the laboratory and field over 24 months were not significantly different. In both experiments, germinated oospores produced mycelia, sporangia, and zoospores, and were virulent on ‘California Wonder’ bell pepper. This study showed that oospores of P. capsici can survive and remain virulent in Illinois soils for more than 36 months but oospores were no longer viable after 48 months in soil in a field environment.
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Lu, Tianzhu, Fei Xie, Shenghua Zhan, et al. "The prognostic value of deep learning-based percentage of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, no. 23_suppl (2024): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.23_suppl.133.
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133 Background: To calculate the percentage of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) using deep-learning (DL) algorithms based on digital pathology images and differentiate the outcome. Methods: We recruited 435 patients with primary non-metastatic NPC and 63 patients with de novo metastatic NPC received immunotherapy. TILDL percentage was calculated using the convolutional neural network model, and its ability to differentiate metastasis risk and independent prognostic value were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier survival and multivariate analyses (MVA). Results: The median follow-up time of the training and validation cohorts was 69, and 76 months, respectively. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed that the 5-year distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients with high TILDL were significantly better than those of patients with low infiltration. MVA showed that TILDL degree is an independent prognostic factor for DMFS (training cohort: HR=0.197, 95% CI: 0.077-0.503, p=0.001; validation cohort: HR=0.119, 95% CI: 0.028-0.503, p=0.004) and OS (training cohort: HR=0.418, 95% CI: 0.200-0.873, p=0.020; validation cohort: HR=0.158, 95% CI: 0.048-0.520, p=0.002). The concordance index (C-index) of TILDL was higher than that of the immunohistochemical CD3+, CD8+ T-cell, and CD20+ B-cell densities in terms of the DMFS and OS prediction accuracy. In an immunotherapy cohort of de novo metastatic NPC (n=63), MAV revealed that high TILDL percentage were an independent prognostic factor for PFS (HR=0.368, p= 0.008). Conclusions: TILDL percentage exhibited discriminative capabilities regarding the risk of metastasis and mortality in non-metastatic NPC, and has potential to be a biomarker for dmNPC received immunotherapy. This model will help select patients with a high risk of metastasis and provides a reference for improved individualized treatment.
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Ai, Wei Yun, Debra K. Czerwinski, Rob Tibshirani, Sandra J. Horning, and Ronald Levy. "The Percentage of Tumor-Infiltrating T Cells Is Not Correlated with Overall Survival in Follicular B-Cell Lymphomas." Blood 104, no. 11 (2004): 3262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.3262.3262.
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Abstract Introduction: The function of tumor-infiltrating T cells in lymphoma is unknown. Previous studies have shown that an increased percentage of tumor-infiltrating CD4+ T cells was associated with a better overall survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (Ansell S. et al. JCO 2001; Xu et al., British Journal of Haematology 2001). Furthermore, the CD4+ T cells observed in one study was associated with a CD3+/HLA-DR + phenotype, suggesting that they were activated T helper cells. Recently, a molecular predictor model for follicular lymphoma was reported based on microarray analysis of gene expression within the cell populations of biopsy specimens. Three groups of “predictor genes” were identified: one representing B-cell differentiation and two groups representing genes expressed by T cells and macrophages, respectively (ASH abstract, 2003). This raised the question of whether it was simply the presence of tumor-infiltrating T cells that correlated with clinical outcome as opposed to specific activation pathways within those cells. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine whether the percentage of tumor-infiltrating T cells is correlated with prognosis of follicular lymphoma. Patients and Methods: We identified 293 follicular lymphoma patients with clinical outcomes available within the Stanford lymphoma database, who had undergone an excisional biopsy, and whose tumor biopsy specimens had been analyzed by flow cytometry. These patients were diagnosed between 1977 and 2003. Among these patients, 167 (57%) had follicular small cleaved lymphoma, 112 (38%) had follicular mixed lymphoma, and 14 (5%) had follicular large cell lymphoma. A total of 66 deaths were documented. The overall survival was estimated from the time of diagnosis to the time of death or last follow-up. Biopsies had been analyzed for cell surface marker expression by single parameter flow cytometry. The percentage of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, and HLA−DR+ cells was determined directly. We also estimated activated T cells, defined by HLA−DR+ T cells, by subtracting the value for total B cells from the value for HLA + cells. Cell population percentages were treated as continuous variables and related to overall survival, each in a univariate analysis. Results: We found no statistically significant correlation between the percentage of any cell population and overall survival. For each group (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and estimated HLA−DR+ T cells), we used the percentage of the cell population to divide patients into 3 subgroups of equal number of patients: low-, medium-, and high-percentage. We then compared Kaplan-Meier curves of the 3 subgroups for each cell population. We found no significant differences in survival among the 3 subgroups for each of the cell populations, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and the estimated activated T cells, after correcting for multiple hypotheses testing. Conclusion: The percentage of tumor-infiltrating T cells or T cell subsets was not correlated with survival outcome in patients with follicular lymphoma. This finding provides the basis for building molecular predictive models based on gene expression analysis, which represents not only the presence of certain cells but their physiologic state as well.
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Kim, Timothy, Hui-Yi Lin, Binglin Yue, et al. "Utilizing percentage of sarcomatoid differentiation as a prognostic factor in renal cell carcinoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 32, no. 4_suppl (2014): 507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2014.32.4_suppl.507.
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507 Background: Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (sRCC) is a histologic feature that denotes an aggressive variant of kidney cancer and worse overall outcomes. Our aim was to determine if the percentage of sarcomatoid differentiation (% Sarc) could be used for prognostic risk stratification. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent surgery at our center and found to have sRCC. A single genitourinary pathologist reviewed each specimen for %Sarc and other pathologic variables of interest. %Sarc was analyzed as a continuous variable and as a binary variable using cut-points of 5%, 10%, and 25%. Potential prognostic factors associated with overall survival (OS) were determined using the Cox regression model. OS curves were generated with Kaplan-Meier methods and survival differences compared using the log-rank test. Results: Between 1998 and 2012, 1,307 consecutive cases of RCC were identified, of which 59 patients were confirmed to have sRCC (4.5%). As a continuous variable %Sarc was associated with OS (p=0.023). Predictors of survival on multivariable analysis included pT stage, tumor size, cM stage and % Sarc at the 25% binary level. OS was most dependent on the presence or absence of metastatic disease (4 months vs. 21.2 months, p=0.001). However, in a subgroup analysis of cM0 patients with locally advanced (≥ pT3) tumors, OS was significantly diminished in patients with >25% Sarc compared to ≤25% Sarc (p=0.045). OS relative to %Sarc was no different in subgroup analyses of patients with early stage disease (pT1-T2, M0) or in patients with clinical metastatic disease. Conclusions: Patients with sRCC have a poor overall outcome as evidenced by high rates of recurrence and death. Patients without clinical metastatic disease and >25% Sarc have a higher risk of relapse and worse OS. More effective understanding of the biological basis for the aggressive behavior of sarcomatoid RCC is needed, and nomograms to predict recurrence or survival following nephrectomy could incorporate this pathologic feature for added risk stratification.
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Lee, Cheng-Sheng, and L. Krishnan. "INFLUENCES OF CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM IONS ON EMBRYO SURVIVAL, PERCENTAGE HATCHING AND LARVAL SURVIVAL OF DOLPHIN FISH Coryphaena hippurus L." Journal of the World Mariculture Society 16, no. 1-4 (2009): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1985.tb00191.x.
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Atia, Amall Hassan. "Effect of Temperature on the Viability of Protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus invitro." Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine 32, no. 1 (2008): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v32i1.762.
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A study was conducted invitro to determine the effects of storage attemperature 4 Cº upon the survival of protoscolices of Echinococcusgranulosus from 86 hydatid cysts isolated from infected donkeys . Flam cellactivity was the choice for viability , in addition using vital stain (0.1%aqueous eosin) . The result showed that higher percentage survival 94.41%in hydatid fluid for 9 days . The longest survival times of any of the samplestested was 81 days with the survival percentage 85% and the lowest was 33%for 13 days , showing movement till the end of this period . Our resultsproved the protoscolices removed from cyst retain their survival for severalweeks at refrigerator temperature when stored in hydatid fluid in test tubes .
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Mack, Glenn G., and Robert G. Clark. "Home-Range Characteristics, Age, Body Size, and Breeding Performance of Female Mallards (Anas Platyrhynchos)." Auk 123, no. 2 (2006): 467–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/123.2.467.
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Abstract Understanding reproductive and survival consequences of space use is of general interest to ecologists and vital to successful conservation planning. Hypothesized effects of home-range habitat composition and female attributes on these vital rates have not been adequately evaluated in breeding female Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). Thus, we investigated reproductive and survival consequences of home-range variability and individual characteristics for 126 female Mallards studied on 12 study areas in the Canadian prairie parklands, 1995–1998. We used nine variables to discriminate between three reproductive categories (females that did not nest, nested but failed, or nested successfully) and two survival categories (killed by predator and survived the nesting season). Discriminant function analysis separated females that nested successfully from those that did not, with successful females having higher percentages of wood-shrub and planted grass habitat within their home ranges, a lower percentage of seasonal and semipermanent wetlands, smaller home-range sizes, and a higher percentage of wetlands at the study-area scale. We also distinguished females that did not nest from failed nesters; females that did not nest were younger and smaller and had larger home-range sizes, with a higher percentage of seasonal and semipermanent wetlands. Females that were killed did not differ from nesting-season survivors of either individual or home-range characteristics. Características del Rango de Hogar, Edad, Tamaño Corporal y Desempeño Reproductivo de las Hembras en Anas platyrhynchos