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Journal articles on the topic 'Suspended stage'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Pankiv, Zinovii, and Andriana Yavorska. "Stages of suspended soils formations in Verkhovyna dividing range of Ukrainian Carpathians." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 50 (December 28, 2016): 286–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2016.50.8715.

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It was found out that suspended soils in Verkhovyna Dividing Range in Ukrainian Carpathians are intrazonal ones and are formed near dense sandstones outcrops in Krosnenska zone provided excess moisture of flushing type of water regime. Suspended soils are located within the mountain-forest and subalpine zones under moss lichen communities. They form habitats ranging from 0.1 to 1.0 square meter, oval and oblong shaped with the highest capacity of organic horizon in the central part with gradual reduction to the periphery. Suspended soils in Ukrainian Carpathians were mentioned for the first ti

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2

Fernandes de Assis, Joyce, Bruno Manoel Rezende De Melo, and Sindynara Ferreira. "Quality of coffee dried on suspended terrace with different layers." Revista Agrogeoambiental 16, unico (2024): e20241859. http://dx.doi.org/10.18406/2316-1817v16nunico20241859.

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Seeking to improve the final quality of coffee, producers began to improve and innovate in all stages of this segment to meet the demanding market. Hence, this study evaluated the physicochemical and sensory quality of dried unripe, cherry and over-ripe coffee cherries on suspended terraces in different layers. The experiment involved drying coffee in all layers of the suspended terraces, consisting of seven treatments and four replications as follows: T1– concrete terrace; T2 – conventional “single-layer” suspended terrace; T3 – first layer “suspended terrace with two layers”; T4 – second lay

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3

Chung, Dang Huu. "The stability of flow with suspended sediment in an inclined channel of movable bed." Vietnam Journal of Mechanics 13, no. 2 (1991): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7136/10249.

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In this work the author has studied the stability of flow with suspended sediment in an inclined channel of movable bed at different stages of flow. The obtained result shows that when the flow with suspended sediment is at the stage of deposition or erosion then the critical inclined angle is less than that one of homogeneous flow, e. g., the flow with suspended sediment is earlier unstable. If the exchange between suspended sediment and bed-load doesn't occur, the existence of sediment will not act on the condition of stability. In particular when C0 = 0 the classical result is obtained. The

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4

He, Anping, Jinzhao Wu, Shihan Yang, Yongquan Zhou, and Juan Wang. "Automata-Based Analysis of Stage Suspended Boom Systems." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/739253.

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A stage suspended boom system is an automatic steeve system orchestrated by the PLC (programmable logic controller). Security and fault-recovering are two important properties. In this paper, we analyze and verify the boom system formally. We adopt the hybrid automaton to model the boom system. The forward reachability is used to verify the properties with the reachable states. We also present a case study to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed verification.

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5

Galbraith, Ryan V., Erland A. MacIsaac, J. Stevenson Macdonald, and Anthony P. Farrell. "The effect of suspended sediment on fertilization success in sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) and coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) salmon." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 63, no. 11 (2006): 2487–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f06-133.

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Suspended sediment is a naturally occurring part of aquatic ecosystems, and unnatural elevation of suspended sediment in streams above background concentrations is known to adversely affect Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) at different life stages. Conspicuously lacking in the literature is knowledge of the effect of suspended sediment on egg fertilization success during spawning. Sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka) and coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) salmon gametes were used to investigate the impact of different concentrations of suspended sediment particles on the ability of sperm to successfully fe

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6

Sawajneh, Z., A. Al-Omari, and M. Halalsheh. "Anaerobic treatment of strong sewage by a two stage system of AF and UASB reactors." Water Science and Technology 61, no. 9 (2010): 2399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.051.

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An anaerobic treatment system that consists of an Anaerobic Filter (AF) and an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) in series was built and operated to investigate its performance in treating strong domestic wastewater with high suspended solids fraction under Jordan's ambient temperatures of 25°C for summer and 18°C for winter. The system was operated from September 2003 until early April 2004. The system was operated at a Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) of 4 hours for the first stage AF and 8 hours for the second stage UASB. Average CODt and CODss removal efficiencies of the AF/UASB were 58

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7

Lee, Sang Heon, and Yoon Su Baek. "Magnetically suspended contact-free linear actuator for precision stage." KSME International Journal 17, no. 5 (2003): 708–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02983866.

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8

Shao, Yun-Chuan, Chen-Yen Hung, and Yi-Ju Chou. "Numerical study of convective sedimentation through a sharp density interface." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 824 (July 6, 2017): 513–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.349.

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We conduct numerical simulations using the Eulerian–Lagrangian approach to investigate the formation of the leaking, finger, and stable-settling modes in convective sedimentation when a sediment-laden fluid layer descends through a sharply stratified ambient flow. We show that the temporal evolution of the sedimentation process for the leaking mode can be divided into three stages, including (in temporal order) Rayleigh–Taylor instability, convection, and leaking stages. The presence of sheet-like descending plumes of suspended particles is an important characteristic of the leaking mode, whic

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9

Sun, Cheng, and TorOve Leiknes. "Two-stage biofilm-MBR for nitrogen removal and enhanced membrane performance." Water Science and Technology 66, no. 3 (2012): 588–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.211.

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A two-stage biofilm-membrane bioreactor (MBR) was developed in this study. High total nitrogen removal (maximum: 81.4% with recycle ratio = 3.5) was observed by recycling the suspension liquid between an anaerobic FBBR and an aerobic MBBR. Very low (less than 60 mg/L) suspended solids was kept in the membrane unit, which could improve the membrane filtration performance. Membrane fouling was further reduced by increasing the recycle ratio. When influent organic load increased, the membrane fouling rate increased, coupling with higher FCOD and suspended solids (SS) values in the feed solution a

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10

Qasim, Syed R., Shih‐Yuen Chang, and Clinton E. Parker. "Biological nutrient removal in three‐stage suspended growth reactor system." International Journal of Environmental Studies 46, no. 1 (1994): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207239408710907.

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11

Trzcinski, Antoine Prandota, Chong Wang, Dongqing Zhang, et al. "Performance of A-stage process treating combined municipal-industrial wastewater." Water Science and Technology 75, no. 1 (2016): 228–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.511.

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A biosorption column and a settling tank were operated for 6 months with combined municipal and industrial wastewaters (1 m3/hr) to study the effect of dissolved oxygen (DO) levels and Fe3+ dosage on removal efficiency of dissolved and suspended organics prior to biological treatment. High DO (&gt;0.4 mg/L) were found to be detrimental for soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD) removals and iron dosing (up to 20 ppm) did not improve the overall performance. The system performed significantly better at high loading rate (&gt;20 kg COD.m−3.d−1) where suspended solids and COD removals were

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12

Hastings, Nicholas A. J., and Harold J. G. Bartlett. "Reliability Analysis with Sensitivity to Suspension Timings." International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering 05, no. 01 (1998): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218539398000066.

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A two-stage method is presented for analysing reliability data with suspended items. The method proposed takes account of the ages of the suspended items when calculating plotting positions for the failure events. This sensitivity to suspension timings provides a more precise method than other plotting-based methods currently in use.

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13

Li, Wei Zhou, Zhong Ju Feng, Zhong Chao Hu, Dong Liang Xun, Jian Zeng, and Qiang Peng. "Key Design and Construction Techniques for Collisionproof Steel Cofferdam for Large Span Cable-Stayed Bridge." Applied Mechanics and Materials 238 (November 2012): 677–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.238.677.

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As an example, the design and construction technology of the anti-ship collision suspended steel cofferdam in Shanghai Changjiang River Bridge has been discussed. Design analysis shows that: by using the anti-ship collision suspended steel cofferdam the bridge pier can be protected and adopted lots of collision energy. At the same time, the collision injury degree of the vessel could be reduced. By using the finite element method, the deformation and strain state under the stage of construction and floating-transportation had been analyzed. Considering both the anti-ship collision and the cons

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14

Hu, Dongxue, Yu Tian, Zhijiang Wang, et al. "The operational efficiency of a novel AnMBR treating antibiotic solvent wastewater in start-up stage." Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination 7, no. 3 (2016): 326–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2016.064.

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The performance of a novel anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) for treating antibiotic solvent wastewater was investigated in the start-up stage. The removal efficiencies of the four tested antibiotics were over 90%, mainly attributed to the biological process. Volatile fatty acid increased along with anaerobic sludge acclimation. pH (mean value 7.5) and a (mean value 0.12) remained stable. Mixed liquid suspended solids and mixed liquor volatile suspended solids increased along with the sludge acclimation as well. The protein and polysaccharide in suspended sludge decreased, while the protei

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15

Ekama, G. A., M. C. Wentzel, and S. W. Sötemann. "Tracking influent inorganic suspended solids through wastewater treatment plants." Water Science and Technology 54, no. 8 (2006): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2006.777.

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From an experimental and theoretical investigation of the continuity of influent inorganic suspended solids (ISS) along the links connecting the primary settling tank (PST), fully aerobic or N removal activated sludge (AS) and anaerobic and aerobic sludge digestion unit operations, it was found that the influent wastewater (fixed) ISS concentration is conserved through primary sludge anaerobic digestion, activated sludge and aerobic digestion unit operations. However, the measured ISS flux at different stages through a series of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) unit operations is not equal to

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16

Gizińska-Górna, Magdalena, Krzysztof Jóźwiakowski, and Michał Marzec. "Reliability and Efficiency of Pollutant Removal in Four-Stage Constructed Wetland of SSVF-SSHF-SSHF-SSVF Type." Water 12, no. 11 (2020): 3153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12113153.

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The present paper reports pollutant removal efficiencies and reliability for a four-stage hybrid constructed wetland (HCW) consisting of the following sequence of subsurface (SS), vertical flow (VF) and horizontal flow (HF) beds: SSVF-SSHF-SSHF-SSVF. The experiments were carried out over a period of three years, with sampling done in each season: winter, spring, summer and autumn. Grab samples of wastewater collected from different stages of treatment were tested for total suspended solids (TSS), BOD5, COD, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP). The wetland was found to have a very hig

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17

DUMAS, JEAN-CHARLES, LI JU, PABLO BARRIGA, CHUNNONG ZHAO, ANDREW A. WOOLLEY, and DAVID G. BLAIR. "NOISE PERFORMANCE OF A 72 m SUSPENDED FABRY–PÉROT CAVITY." International Journal of Modern Physics D 20, no. 10 (2011): 2063–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271811020184.

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We report on a seismic isolator with a relatively compact 3 m stack, combining new passive isolation techniques. It consists of three cascaded passive 3D isolator stages suspended from an Ultra Low Frequency (ULF) horizontal Robert linkage stage which itself is suspended from a ULF 3D pre-isolator. The 3D isolators use self-damping pendulums and Euler springs for the horizontal and vertical stages respectively, while the 3D pre-isolator is the combination of an inverse pendulum which provides low frequency horizontal pre-isolation, and a LaCoste linkage for low frequency vertical pre-isolation

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18

Bashtovoy, A. A., and L. A. Mamedova. "Features of initial forms of caries in adult patients. Literature review." Medical alphabet, no. 20 (November 7, 2023): 78–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-78-82.

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Initial caries corresponds to the ICD-10 code – K 02.0 «enamel caries, white (chalky) spot stage» or – K 02.3 «suspended caries» in the form of a pigmented spot on the teeth. If caries in the form of a white spot is not always easy to diagnose and patients rarely seek dental care, then suspended caries is visually detected quite easily, especially with dark pigmentation, which worries patients, so the number of visits to the dentist in this pathology increases dramatically. At the same time, it can be considered that the initial caries goes through several stages in its development, which are

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19

Xuan, Meng Ru, Meng Zhao, Shuai Bing, and Xue Song Li. "Forms and Bioavailability of Phosphorus in the Suspended Solids of A²/O Process." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 561–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.561.

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To investigate the potential bioavailability and mobility of phosphorus (P) in suspended solids, the Standards, Measurements and Testing (SMT) programmers was employed to characterize the distribution of P in suspended solids from different treatment stage of KunmingWWTP.Results showed that: the main form of total phosphorus (TP) in suspended solids was inorganic phosphorus (IP) ,which accounted for 47%~60%.Amongdifferent forms of inorganic phosphorus, Iron-phosphorus was the dominant forms accounted for 82 % of total phosphorus while calcium-phosphorus was only the minor par. Throughout the p

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20

Gil, G. H., W. J. Jones, and T. G. Tornabene. "Continuous ethanol production in a two-stage, immobilized/suspended-cell bioreactor." Enzyme and Microbial Technology 13, no. 5 (1991): 390–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0141-0229(91)90200-t.

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21

Vas, László, and Enikő Anna Tamás. "Surrogate Method for Suspended Sediment Concentration Monitoring on the Alluvial Reach of the River Danube (Baja, Hungary)." Applied Sciences 13, no. 10 (2023): 5826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13105826.

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Sediment balance is essential for understanding changes in river morphology and ecosystems and related services depending on them. However, the currently used methods to quantify riverine sediment processes are not adequate enough. We have examined the sediment regime of the Danube River, particularly the suspended sediment yield. This parameter can be calculated based on stage or discharge using a suspended sediment yield rating curve; however, the uncertainty of this method can reach even 150%. The suspended sediment yield of a section does not only depend on processes that take place in the

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22

Sayed, S. K. I., H. van der Spoel, and G. J. P. Truijen. "A Complete Treatment of Slaughterhouse Wastewater Combined with Sludge Stabilization Using Two Stage High Rate UASB Process." Water Science and Technology 27, no. 9 (1993): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0181.

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The main objectives of the present investigations were to assess the feasibility of two stage high rate UASB-reactors for complete treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater which contains approximately 55 % insoluble coarse suspended COD. The study presented in this paper addresses the maximum loading rates (hydraulic and organic) the extent of sludge stabilization (i.e. conversion into methane) and the length of the sludge stabilization period (i.e. digestion time). The experiments were performed in two stage high rate anaerobic sludge UASB-reactors. The wastewater treatment experiments were per

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23

El-Gohary, Fatma A., Sohair I. Abo-Elela, and H. M. El-Kamah. "Reclamation of Municipal Wastewater." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 1 (1989): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0010.

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The feasibility of applying direct advanced treatment to municipal wastewater has been investigated. A. two-stage scheme was implemented. The first stage was direct chemical coagulation of primary effluent using different coagulants to remove suspended solids and reduce the carbon to nitrogen ratio to a range suitable for nitrification. The second stage was biological sand-bed to oxidize ammonia to nitrate. The pilot plant was designed to treat 6m3/day. The results obtained showed that chemical coagulation using ferric chloride gave high quality effluent suitable for agricultural purposes. Nit

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24

Oyanedel, V., J. M. Garrido, J. M. Lema, and R. Méndez. "A membrane assisted hybrid bioreactor for the post treatment of an anaerobic effluent from a fish canning factory." Water Science and Technology 48, no. 6 (2003): 301–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0416.

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An innovative membrane assisted hybrid bioreactor was used to treat a mixture of two streams produced in a fish canning factory: a highly loaded stream that had previously been treated in an anaerobic contact reactor, and a second stream with a relatively low COD and N concentration. Experiments were carried out during two experimental stages: an aerobic stage, which is focused in the study on the aerobic oxidation of ammonia and COD and a nitrification-denitrification stage in which the study was mainly focused on the removal of nitrogen. Results of the aerobic period pointed out that it was

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25

Dalentoft, Eva, and Peter Thulin. "The use of the kaldnes suspended carrier process in treatment of wastewaters from the forest industry." Water Science and Technology 35, no. 2-3 (1997): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0498.

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One pilot plant study and two full scale studies have been carried out seeking for the optimal use of the Kaldnes suspended carrier process in treatment of wastewaters from the forest industry. The wastewater used in all three cases came from secondary fiber mills. The studies show that the Kaldnes process as a highly loaded stage (typically 15-25 kg COD/m3·d) in series with an activated sludge stage forms an efficient, stable and competitive combination process both regarding investment and operating costs. This is especially true when treating wastewaters with a composition that makes them u

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26

Wang, Tianyi, and Yannis Hardalupas. "Physics Of Two-Stage Evaporation Of Volatile Droplets Suspended In An Ultrasonic Levitator." Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Application of Laser and Imaging Techniques to Fluid Mechanics 21 (July 8, 2024): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.55037/lxlaser.21st.69.

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The evaporation process of mono-component droplets in an ultrasonic levitator is experimentally monitored, focusing on three types of volatile liquids: methanol, ethanol, and 2-propanol. This investigation reveals a ‘two-stage’ evaporation process characterized by an initial rapid evaporation stage followed by a significantly slower evaporation stage; a pattern consistently observed across all three volatile liquids. However, for droplets of comparable size, methanol droplets evaporate faster in the rapid stage than ethanol and iso-propanol droplets and enter the slow evaporation stage earlier

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Ozrokova, Liliya, and Lyudmila Shekikhacheva. "Study of the surface water treatment process in the conditions of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic." АгроЭкоИнфо 2, no. 56 (2023): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.51419/202132257.

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The article proposes various options for solving the problem of high-quality water treatment, in particular, a reagentless four-stage one. After the first stage of purification using an acoustic clarifier, the filter block of which is filled with a glass filter and an adsorbent in the form of activated carbon, the color of the water is reduced by 22%, turbidity - by 88%, the concentration of total iron - by 28.3%, suspended solids - by 37.2%. After the second stage of the ozonation block, the water quality changed slightly according to the specified indicators, after the third and fourth stage

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28

Tabakoff, W., and A. Hamed. "The Dynamics of Suspended Solid Particles in a Two-Stage Gas Turbine." Journal of Turbomachinery 108, no. 2 (1986): 298–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3262051.

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Gas turbine engines operating in dusty environments are exposed to erosion and performance deterioration. In order to provide the basis for calculating the erosion and performance deterioration of turbines using pulverized coal, an investigation is undertaken to determine the three-dimensional particle trajectories in a two-stage turbine. The solution takes into account the influence of variation in the three-dimensional flow field. The change in particle momentum due to their collision with the turbine blades and casings is modeled using empirical equations derived from experimental laser-Dop

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29

Unger, S. D., R. R. Goforth, O. E. Rhodes, and T. M. Floyd. "Short-term exposure to elevated suspended sediment increases oxygen uptake of gilled larval Eastern Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis) salamanders." Canadian Journal of Zoology 99, no. 6 (2021): 531–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2020-0085.

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Freshwater ecosystems are increasingly impacted by anthropogenic elevated levels of suspended sediment that may negatively affect aquatic organisms, including salamanders. Although increasing fine sediment in streams has been suggested as a reason for population declines, to date no study has empirically assessed the effect of suspended sediment on gilled larval Eastern Hellbenders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis (Sonnini de Manoncourt and Latreille, 1801)), a critical life-history stage and a species of conservation concern. We used custom respirometers to elucidate effects of suspended sedimen

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Bernard, C., P. Herviou, and T. Poujol. "Stormwater treatment by dissolved air flotation: first results from a pilot project." Water Science and Technology 32, no. 1 (1995): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0031.

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A stormwater treatment plant using dissolved air flotation was operated in 1993, at the outlet of the Chelles River catchment area (Seine-et-Marne, France). The process was divided into two different stages. Firstly, a coagulation/flocculation stage, secondly a flotation stage in a flotation tank. The flow rate was set at 13 m3/h. Stormwater was the main part of the effluent but with some urban wastewater as the network is not strictly separate. The process efficiency was tested for suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand and hydrocarbons. A total hydrocarbon removal was observed. Finally, co

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Elamari, Abdullah A., Awad E. Alshebani, and Mohamed A. M. Saad. "Waste Water Treatment from Petrochemical Industries: The Concept and Current Technologies-A review." مجلة علوم البحار والتقنيات البيئية 6, no. 1 (2020): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.59743/jmset.v6i1.49.

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Increasing consumption of oil in modern society has led to more oil refinery waste generation. The wastewater from these industries mainly contains oil, organic matter, and other compounds that need to be well managed before they can be discharged to any receiving waters. The treatment of this wastewater can be carried out by physical, biological, and chemical treatment processes. Treatment of petroleum wastewater has two stages, firstly, the pre-treatment stage reduces grease, oil, and suspended materials. Secondly, an advanced treatment stage is to degrade and decrease the pollutants to acce

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Netzband, A., and K. Rohbrecht-Buck. "Treatment of Effluent from Dredged Material Disposal Sites: Suspended Solids Removal and Nitrification." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 12 (1992): 265–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0358.

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Large quantities of wastewater containing suspended solids, heavy metals and particularly ammonium are derived when disposing of the dredged material from the Hamburg harbour. For the first time, a state-of-the-art method of purifying this wastewater comprising the following stages has been defined and realised: recirculation of transport-water in order to reduce quantities, flocculation followed by sedimentation to remove the suspended solids, and nitrification in a combination of trickling filters and rotating biological contactors. The main results of the first two years of operation are pr

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Mota, V. T., and M. Zaiat. "Two- vs. single-stage anaerobic reactors: evaluation of effluent quality and energy production potential using sucrose-based wastewater." Water Science and Technology 78, no. 9 (2018): 1966–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2018.470.

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Abstract Two- and single-stage anaerobic treatment systems were assessed for treatment performance and for bioenergy production from sucrose-based wastewater. In the two-stage system, a hydrogen-producing upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (HU reactor) was used in the acidogenic phase. The methanogenic reactor of the two-stage system (MF reactor) and the single-stage reactor (SSF reactor) were structured fixed-bed reactors. The two-stage system showed superior performance, evidenced by lower organic acids, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and suspended solids concentrations in the effluent, a

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Londoño, Yudy Andrea, and Gustavo Antonio Peñuela. "Anaerobic biological treatment of methylparaben in an expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB)." Water Science and Technology 71, no. 11 (2015): 1604–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2015.118.

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This study evaluated the behavior of an anaerobic expanded granular sludge bed system using different methylparaben (MPB) concentrations. The assay was conducted for 268 days and was divided into seven stages of operation, which included the starting stage and subsequent stages where the MPB concentration was increased. The inoculum that was used was a mixture of anaerobic granular sludge with flocculent active sludge that contained 21.7 g/L of total suspended solids and 17.4 g/L of volatile suspended solids, resulting in an organic content of approximately 80%. The MPB removals after applying

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Mitchell, A. W., and M. J. Furnas. "River loggers - a new tool to monitor riverine suspended particle fluxes." Water Science and Technology 43, no. 9 (2001): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0520.

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The Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS) has developed an in situ digital turbidity logger (AIMS River Logger) to record time series of fine suspended sediment concentrations in North Queensland rivers. The loggers use dual LED transmissometers (15 and 85 mm pathlength) to measure in situ turbidity associated with the range of suspended sediment concentrations (0-5 g L-1) encountered in regional rivers. A system of wiper brushes clean the optical surfaces prior to instrument readings. Overlying water depth and temperature are concurrently recorded. Internal batteries provide sufficien

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Sokolovic, S., R. Secerov-Sokolovic, and S. Sevic. "Two-Stage Coalescer for Oil/Water Separation." Water Science and Technology 26, no. 9-11 (1992): 2073–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0664.

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Many different types of coalescers are used for separation of oil-in-water dispersion. The investigated results of a newly developed two stage coalescer are given in this work. The proposed designofthis coalescer includes two independent stages which are set in the same coalescer body. Expanded polystyrene granules are being used in the first stage. By using this coalescent material, gravity separation and the large oil droplets, coalescence processes are at the same time being insured. The second stage of this new type of coalescer uses polyurethane foam. The surface of this layer has been pr

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Cui, Yan Ping, Hong You Wan, Minglei Zhang, and Ke Zeng. "Experimental Study on the Start-Up Stage of Wheat Straw Pulp and Paper Wastewater Treatment in Immobilized and Suspended Biomass Combination Processing." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 1850–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.1850.

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The study on the start-up of the pilot-scale immobilized and suspended biomass combination processing to treat the comprehensive effluent from a wheat straw pulp and paper plant was performed. The carrier packing selected in this experiment is a new type of microbial carrier (modified polyurethane foam plastic packing) which dosing rate was 20% of the reactor volume. The low quantity of inoculation sludge way is used to start the system. The test results show that the removal efficiency of COD and SS by the immobilized and suspended biomass combination technology system after a weak or so can

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Miranda, Felipe Rodrigues, Luis Cesar Dias Drumond, and Cláudio Pagotto Ronchi. "Synchronizing coffee blossoming and fruit ripening in irrigated crops of the Brazilian Cerrado Mineiro Region." April 2020, no. 14(04):2020 (April 20, 2020): 605–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.20.14.04.p2118.

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Non-uniform blossoming due to deficit irrigation is common in perennial crops such as coffee. It usually leads to uneven ripening of fruits and impairs harvesting efficiency and quality of coffee. The effect of different water deficit periods was evaluated on development stage of flower bud at blossoming stages in coffee plantations. We also evaluated the effect of water deficit on growth, productivity, maturation, and physical quality of the bean. Two identical trials were performed on 19-month-old Coffea arabica cultivars (‘Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144’ and ‘Bourbon Amarelo J9’), from June 2008 t

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Villegas, J. D., H. Fruteau de Laclos, J. Dovat, Y. Membrez, and C. Holliger. "Nitrogen removal from digested manure in a simple one-stage process." Water Science and Technology 63, no. 9 (2011): 1991–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.430.

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A process based on partial nitrification and recirculation into the anaerobic digester was studied to remove nitrogen from digested manure and thus reduce enhanced gaseous ammonia emissions due to on-farm biogas production. An anaerobic reactor representing an anaerobic manure digester was fed with a nitrite solution and digested manure liquor. Nitrite was efficiently removed from the influent and ammonium formation was observed first. Ammonium was subsequently eliminated up to a maximum of 90% of the influent concentration, indicating anaerobic ammonium oxidation activity. This activity, howe

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Cheng, Jie Hong, Yan Yan Zhang, Nan Wen Zhu, and Shu Gen Liu. "The Study of Sludge Characteristics for One-Stage Autothermal Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion Process." Advanced Materials Research 236-238 (May 2011): 437–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.437.

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One-stage Autothermal Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion was autonomously designed to treat municipal sludges. By the way of batch operation experiment, the influence of removal rates of volatile suspended solids(VSS), total suspended solids(TSS), auto-rise temperature, and COD concentration, volatile fatty acid concentration of sludge, were investigated respectively. The results showed that a large part of reactor temperature was in thermophilic statues at 56°C-60°C during sludge digestion period; Municipal sludges treated have achieved stabilization standard of 503 articles of EPA while removal

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Seng, T. H., S. Suratman, M. R. Abas, and N. M. Tahir. "Emission of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Smoke Particulates at Three Different Combustion Stages from Burning of Rhizophora apiculate, Melaleuca leucadendron and Hevea brasiliensis Wood." Asian Journal of Chemistry 33, no. 4 (2021): 892–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2021.23125.

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The purpose of this study was to characterize and determine the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emitted in smoke particulates from burning of Rhizophora apiculata, Melaleuca leucadendron and Hevea Brasilensis at the smouldering, flaming and charring stages. Smoke particulates were sampled using a total suspended particulate Hi-volume sampler (HVS) at a rate of 1.13 m3/min and PAHs were extracted with a mixture of dichloromethane-methanol (3:1 v/v) using ultrasonic agitation. Fractionation of PAHs was carried out on an alumina-silica column and analysis by gas chromato

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Rosique, María José, Juana Cano, and José Rocamora. "Variación estacional de la composición bioquímica y del índice de condición de la ostra plana Ostrea edulis L., del Mar Menor (Murcia, SE España)." Iberus 13(2) (January 31, 1996): 9–22. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4642082.

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European flat oysters (<em>Ostrea edulis </em>L.) were collected monthly from the natural population in the Mar Menor, a coastal lagoon in Murcia in southeastern Spain, during 1990. Seasonal variations in sexual maturity stage, condition indexes, and biochemical composition (glycogen, lipids, and proteins) in the whole animal minus the valves and in two body portions gonads/ visceral mass (body portion G) and muscle/gills (body portion M) were studied in specimens larger than 60 mm. Although specimens with morulae were present nearly all year round, spawning took place from February to May. Th

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Xiang, Qiqi, Kai Wei, Fang Qiu, Changrong Yao, and Yadong Li. "Experimental Study of Local Scour around Caissons under Unidirectional and Tidal Currents." Water 12, no. 3 (2020): 640. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12030640.

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Local scour around caissons under currents has become one of the main factors affecting the safety of foundation construction and operation in coastal and offshore bridge engineering. Local scour occurs not only in the operation stage, when the caisson has settled into the sediment, but also in the construction stage, when the caisson is suspended in water. In this study, the local scour induced by unidirectional and tidal currents around settled caissons with different cross-sections (circular, square, and diamond) was experimentally investigated. Circular and square caissons were selected to

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Kalan, Parker, John Steinbeck, Freddy Otte, Sean C. Lema, and Crow White. "Filter-Feeding Pacific Lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) Ammocetes Can Reduce Suspended Concentrations of E. coli Bacteria." Fishes 8, no. 2 (2023): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes8020101.

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Filter-feeding invertebrates such as bivalves have been shown to improve the health of aquatic systems by reducing concentrations of bacteria and other harmful suspended organisms, but it remains unknown if microphagous suspension-feeding fishes can provide similar ecosystem services for water quality. Here, we tested whether the presence of the filter-feeding larval ammocoete life-stage of Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) can reduce suspended concentrations of Escherichia coli bacteria. Aquaria containing either filter-feeding ammocoete lamprey larvae (1.5 fish·L−1), lamprey macropth

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Smetana, Jiri, Tianliang Yan, Vincent Boyer, and Denis Martynov. "A High-Finesse Suspended Interferometric Sensor for Macroscopic Quantum Mechanics with Femtometre Sensitivity." Sensors 24, no. 7 (2024): 2375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24072375.

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We present an interferometric sensor for investigating macroscopic quantum mechanics on a table-top scale. The sensor consists of a pair of suspended optical cavities with finesse over 350,000 comprising 10 g fused silica mirrors. The interferometer is suspended by a four-stage, light, in-vacuum suspension with three common stages, which allows for us to suppress common-mode motion at low frequency. The seismic noise is further suppressed by an active isolation scheme, which reduces the input motion to the suspension point by up to an order of magnitude starting from 0.7 Hz. In the current roo

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HOJO, Toshimasa, Yuan LIU, Shaopo WANG, Qigui NIU, Jiayuan JI, and Yu-you LI. "CHARACTERISTIC OF NITROGEN REMOVAL VIA ONE-STAGE ANAMMOX SYSTEM WITH SUSPENDED BIOMASS CARRIERS." Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. G (Environmental Research) 72, no. 7 (2016): III_19—III_27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/jscejer.72.iii_19.

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Oron, Gideon, Leonid Gillerman, Amos Bick, Yossi Manor, Nisan Buriakovsky, and Joseph Hagin. "Membrane technology for sustainable treated wastewater reuse: agricultural, environmental and hydrological considerations." Water Science and Technology 57, no. 9 (2008): 1383–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.243.

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Field experiments were conducted in agricultural fields in which secondary wastewater of the City of Arad (Israel) is reused for irrigation. For sustainable agricultural production and safe groundwater recharge the secondary effluent is further polished by a combined two-stage membrane pilot system. The pilot membrane system consists of two main in row stages: Ultrafiltration (UF) and Reverse Osmosis (RO). The UF stage is efficient in the removal of the pathogens and suspended organic matter while the successive RO stage provides safe removal of the dissolved solids (salinity). Effluents of va

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Fayziev, Bekzodjon, Jamol Makhmudov, Jabbor Mustofoqulov, Tulkin Begmatov, and Rakhmon Safarov. "Numerical Investigation of the Two-Component Suspension Filtration in a Porous Medium Taking into Account Changes in the Characteristics of the Porous Medium." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON FLUID MECHANICS 18 (December 22, 2023): 214–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232013.2023.18.20.

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The paper explores a mathematical model of the filtration of dual-component suspension within a porous medium characterized by two distinct zones. This model encompasses mass balance equations of suspended particles, kinetic equations of deposition formation for both reversible and irreversible deposition types for each suspension component, and incorporates Darcy’s law. In order to solve the problem, we formulate a numerical algorithm for computer-based experimentation on the basis of the finite difference method. Through the analysis of numerical findings, we establish key features of two co

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Butler, J. E., R. F. Loveridge, and D. A. Bone. "Crop Production and Sewage Treatment Using Gravel Bed Hydroponic Irrigation." Water Science and Technology 21, no. 12 (1989): 1669–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1989.0140.

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A field scale two stage sewage treatment/crop production system was constructed using a series of gently sloping channels each lined with an impermeable membrane and filled with gravel aggregate. The primary stage was planted with a selection of reeds and grasses and fed with settled sewage. The secondary stage was planted with a commercial crop, sugar beet and received sewage from the reed system. During a six month period the performance of the primary system was examined principally by measurement of BOD and suspended solids. The secondary stage was similarly monitored but with the addition

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Bonisławska, Małgorzata, Arkadiusz Nędzarek, Arkadiusz Drost, Agnieszka Rybczyk, and Agnieszka Tórz. "The application of ceramic membranes for treating effluent water from closed-circuit fish farming." Archives of Environmental Protection 42, no. 2 (2016): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aep-2016-0012.

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Abstract The aim of the study was to analyze and assess the possibility of using a two-stage filtration system with ceramic membranes: a 3-tube module with 1.0 kDa cut-off (1st stage) and a one-tube module with 0.45 kDa cut-off (2nd stage) for treating effluent water from a juvenile African catfish aquaculture. The study revealed that during the 1st filtration stage of the effluent water, the highest degrees of retention were obtained with respect to: suspended solids SS (rejection coefficient RI=100%), turbidity (RI=99.40%), total iron (RI=89.20%), BOD5 (RI=76.0%), nitrite nitrogen (RI=62.30%

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