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Academic literature on the topic 'Sustainable buildings – Design and construction – Botswana'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Sustainable buildings – Design and construction – Botswana"

Li, Ying. "Study on Sustainable Buildings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 3146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.3146.

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Sustainable development meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Sustainable construction is the creation and responsible maintenance of a healthy built environment, based on ecological principles, and by means of an efficient use of resources. Sustainable buildings meet customer needs through environmentally and socially responsible planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance at the least possible first-time and operating costs. Three assessment methods for sustainable buildings are included: Building Research Establishment's Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) in the UK, Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) in the US and Green Globes environmental assessment and rating system. The greatest challenge sustainable construction faces is to lower the initial costs of sustainable buildings. Prefabrication is a means of saving labor and lowering the costs.

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Sagha Zadeh, Rana, Xiaodong Xuan, and Mardelle M. Shepley. "Sustainable healthcare design." Facilities 34, no. 5/6 (April 4, 2016): 264–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-09-2013-0067.

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Purpose Healthcare projects face multiple obstacles in achieving sustainability. This paper aims to provide information regarding the energy consumption of healthcare facilities, to identify barriers to sustainability and to suggest methods to improve the effectiveness of these buildings. Design/methodology/approach This study investigates sustainability in healthcare buildings by examining national databases about energy use and energy savings. The authors then initiate a dialogue on this topic by interviewing experts in healthcare planning and design regarding the implications of this data, challenges to sustainability and potential solutions to these challenges. Findings An analysis of data from the Energy Information Administration revealed that healthcare facilities rank second among building types in the USA in energy use per square foot and rank fourth in total energy use. Data from the US Green Building Council showed that only 1 per cent of healthcare buildings are registered with the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design rating system, and 0.4 per cent have achieved certification, which is low compared with other building types. Research limitations/implications Research and discussion must continue engaging all stakeholders to interpret the data and identify transformative solutions to facilitate sustainable healthcare design construction and operation. Practical implications It is important to approach sustainability in healthcare from social, economic, environmental and health-related perspectives. The authors identify five major barriers to sustainable healthcare design and construction and discuss 12 practical solutions. Originality/value Given the energy demands of healthcare buildings, facilitating their sustainability has the potential to make a significant difference in national energy use. Empirical research and evidence-based design can potentially help to accelerate sustainability by clarifying impacts and documenting the economic and operational returns on investment.

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Stroetmann, Richard, and Christine Podgorski. "Sustainable design of office buildings in steel composite construction." IABSE Symposium Report 102, no. 4 (September 1, 2014): 3134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137814814069976.

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Mills, Frederick T., and Jacqueline Glass. "The Construction Design Manager's Role in Delivering Sustainable Buildings." Architectural Engineering and Design Management 5, no. 1-2 (January 2009): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3763/aedm.2009.0908.

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Tabunshchikov, Yury, Marianna Brodach, and Nikolay Shilkin. "Green Buildings - sustainable development strategy." E3S Web of Conferences 164 (2020): 05026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016405026.

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Green construction is one of the most promising directions for development not only in the construction complex, but also in the social environment. Green buildings, as human environment, are attractive for investors, designers, utility equipment manufacturers and housing owners. Requirements for green buildings are sufficiently high and cannot be met by the traditional design principles based mainly on typical solutions. As a result we need to arm designers, builders and operators with new creative knowledge. In essence certification of a facility as a green building initiates a creative search for architects and engineers of such technical solutions that minimize negative and optimize positive influence of energy, environmental and technological factors that define the building as human environment. In this work it is difficult to separate the creativity of architect and engineer: we have to consider their joint work during the entire design process and only such union can bring success in achievement of the set goal.

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Saleem, Muhammad, and Hisham Qureshi. "Design Solutions for Sustainable Construction of Pre Engineered Steel Buildings." Sustainability 10, no. 6 (May 28, 2018): 1761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10061761.

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Moon, Kyoung Sun. "Sustainable Design of Diagrid Structural Systems for Tall Buildings." International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development 2, no. 1 (March 2011): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5390/susb.2011.2.1.037.

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Mohanad I. Altuma and Redvan Ghasemlounia. "Effects of Construction Materials to Achieve Sustainable Buildings." International Journal of Engineering and Management Research 11, no. 1 (February 5, 2021): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31033/ijemr.11.1.4.

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This paper pursues to study the challenges to applied sustainable building resources in building construction and to evaluate the factors influencing the choice of construction materials with respect to the concepts of sustainability. The research purpose was accomplished in two parts; in the first part, a conceptual study to establish the reasons why sustainable building resources are restricted usage in construction, and in the second part a conceptual study on sustainable building resources and their properties. In order to encourage sustainability in design and construction, several countries have developed an understanding of sustainable development for buildings. In order to decrease the negative environmental effects of buildings, the construction industry has created sustainable building approaches, where buildings play an important role in greenhouse gases, massive energy, and water use and large land use are important. Ecological design involves designing houses, offices, or other facilities in a way that decreases the ecological impact, that means sustainable buildings, Where the careful equilibrium among economic, environmental, and social well-being of the currency and communities and therefore of the earth looks to sustainability at current. In order to evaluate the degree of sustainability practices, sustainability evaluation systems were established for effective performance at the top level of qualified systems. In sustainable buildings, accredited standards and checklists will be planned, built, and run.

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Silveira, Samia, and Thais Alves. "Target Value Design Inspired Practices to Deliver Sustainable Buildings." Buildings 8, no. 9 (August 23, 2018): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings8090116.

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The design of environmentally-friendly buildings relies on the work of interdisciplinary teams who have to look at problems in a holistic way. Teams need to communicate, collaborate, and make decisions not solely based on first cost considerations. For this purpose, Target Value Design (TVD) related practices are being used to deliver green buildings in Southern California while meeting strict code requirements and addressing the needs of multiple stakeholders in a collaborative fashion. This study did not quantify costs associated with design and construction of sustainable buildings. It used an analytical process that compared and contrasted available literature on TVD and interviews with industry practitioners to investigate the use of TVD-inspired practices in the construction industry in Southern California and identify the current use of TVD-inspired practices in the design of green buildings. The study revealed that, even though practitioners might not be aware of how TVD can be fully implemented in these projects, a number of TVD-inspired practices are currently being used. Examples are provided to illustrate their practical use in the design of sustainable buildings and how practice compares to theory regarding TVD implementation.

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Broniewicz, Filip, and Miroslaw Broniewicz. "Sustainability of Steel Office Buildings." Proceedings 51, no. 1 (July 16, 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020051015.

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Sustainable construction is an important part of sustainable development because of its contribution to the economy as well as the environmental and social impact of buildings on our lives. Steel is one of the most basic materials, both in structures and for finishes. It enables efficiency, durability, and recyclability, especially for office buildings. All these features of steel show its sustainable potential. Consumers are becoming increasingly concerned about the environment. They need to be able to make informed decisions about the impact of their actions. This publication aims to sets out key themes for the design and construction of sustainable buildings. Recent examples of office buildings are presented to illustrate how this is being achieved in steel construction.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sustainable buildings – Design and construction – Botswana"

Malan, Heinrich. "A study on green building solutions in Botswana 2014." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97177.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research assignment was done to determine the status and awareness of green building solutions in Gaborone, Botswana for the year 2014. In a third world country like Botswana, design and development of ‘green building’ is low on the agenda. As with many other third world countries, other basic needs and services are missing and many people believe that all of those should be sorted out before items such as green building solutions can be looked at. Interviews were conducted with executives of companies in the property development industry or companies that make use of commercial office space. Through these executives, access was gained to the employees who were requested to complete an online survey. The focus of the interviews and surveys was to gain information of the companies’ awareness of and involvement in green building solutions, their view on the willingness to pay for such solutions and on its implementation in the future. In the findings, it became clear that cost is the most important aspect, especially when renting, while when investing, most participants were willing to contribute towards green building solutions with the understanding that this would contribute to lower running costs, and therefore returns on the investment made.

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Clarke, John Lester. "Sustainable buildings : sustainable behaviour? : to what extent do sustainable buildings encourage sustainable behaviour through their design, construction, operation and use?" Thesis, Kingston University, 2013. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/27728/.

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The environmental impact of human behaviour on the design, construction and operation of buildings is often overlooked, frequently resulting in sub optimal performance over the lifecycle of the building (credibility gap and value-action gap). An over-reliance on technological and market solutions (false positivity) throughout the design, construction and operation of sustainable buildings means changing user behaviour is not currently envisaged by all but the most sustainability-minded built environment professionals. This study aims to develop an understanding of the dynamic and complex systems by which responsible environmental, social and economic action (sustainable behaviour) emerges from the relationship between people and the built environment. The primary research question asks to what extent sustainable buildings encourage sustainable behaviour, with broader research objectives covering the need for sustainable buildings and their social, environmental and economic benefits; a clear definition of sustainable behaviour and sustainable buildings; identifying opportunities for behavioural change from current best practice and how behavioural change theory can be applied to the built environment to encourage and optimise sustainable behaviour. Literature review reveals existing theory and practice in the fields of sustainability, architecture, behavioural psychology and pedagogy applied generally to the design, construction and operation of sustainable buildings. Five exemplar sustainable buildings with pedagogical functions are also investigated. The primary empirical research methodology uses grounded theory, ethnography and phenomenology through interview and survey data analysis, highlighting common best practices and innovative approaches, as well as revealing barriers to achieving sustainable built environments that encourage sustainable behaviour. The research reveals that there are numerous opportunities for behavioural interventions at critical stages throughout the lifecycle of buildings where ‘value-action’ gaps between our intentions to be more sustainable and our often sub-optimal actions or behaviours are identified. Strategies includes education, information provision, training, experiential learning, feedback, participation and regulation. The research contributes original knowledge by relating the way building mechanisms for change can be understood through the lens of behavioural psychology and the synthesis of the three disciplines of sustainability, architecture and pedagogy.

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Mak, Wai-yi Bernice. "Green building design and management in Hong Kong : reactive to government environmental policies or proactive in protecting the environment? /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B35808809.

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Weeks, Jason A. "Understanding the issues of project cost and time in sustainable construction from a general contractor's perspective: case study." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/33914.

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The green building market has seen tremendous growth in the past decade. Organizations such as the US Green Building Council have emerged to become a dominant leader in the building industry. Although the green building rating systems are cross-disciplinary, much of the focus has been directed towards design-related input. General Contractors play an important role in delivering successful sustainable construction projects. If an integrated project delivery method is chosen, the General Contractor may offer insightful preconstruction assistance by providing ideas on green construction methods and materials. As sustainable building practices become more prominent in the construction industry, General Contractors must remain knowledgeable on current green building standards in order to stay competitive. Two of the most important aspects of business for a General Contractor involve time and money. Through qualitative literature review and quantitative results from a case study, this research analyzes time and cost in sustainable construction projects from a General Contractor's perspective. The research also examines whether the management of a sustainable construction project is substantially different than a non-sustainable construction project for a General Contractor. Finally, because the green building process involves multiple parties, the collaboration effort from all parties involved in a green building project will be studied.

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Oti, Jonathan E. "The development of unfired clay building materials for sustainable building construction." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2010. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/the-development-of-unfired-clay-building-materials-for-sustainable-building-construction(ca64fe55-b35e-4d3f-a1a9-49308e1501c9).html.

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Currently there is a growing pressure on energy efficiency for new buildings in the UK and worldwide. This has arisen partly due to the increasing awareness of the public for sustainable building construction. In addition, there is pressure on building materials manufacturers, due to new government regulations and legislations that are targeting energy usage and carbon dioxide emissions in new buildings. This research work reports on unfired clay building materials (unfired clay bricks) technology for sustainable building construction. The technology aims at the reduction of the high energy input, especially that arising from firing clay bricks in kilns. The research has investigated the use of lime or Portland cement as an activator to an industrial by-product (Ground Granulated Blastfurnace Slag-GGBS) to stabilise Lower Oxford Clay (LOC). Portland cement was used in the formulation of the unfired clay brick tests specimens predominantly as a control. The development of an unfired clay brick in this current work is considered by the researcher as a significant scientific breakthrough for the building industry. Another breakthrough is the fact that only about 1.5% lime was used for GGBS activation. This is a very low level of usage of lime that is not comparable to, or sufficient for, most road construction applications, where far less strength values are needed and where 3-8% lime is required for effective soil stabilisation. Hence, the final pricing of the unfired clay brick is expected to be relatively low. Industrial scale brick specimens were produced during two separate industrial trials. The first trial was at Hanson Brick Company Ltd, Bedfordshire, UK, while the second was carried out at PD Edenhall Ltd, Bridgend, South Wales, UK. The results clearly demonstrate that all key parameters such as compressive strength, thermal properties and durability were within the acceptable engineering standards for clay masonry units. From the environmental and sustainability analysis results, the unfired clay material has shown energy-efficiency and suggests a formidable economical alternative to the firing of clay building components. This study is one of the earliest attempts to compare fired and unfired clay technology, and also to combine energy use and CO2 emission for unfired clay bricks relative to those bricks used in mainstream construction. This is an attempt to come up with one parameter rating. The overall results suggest that the spinoff from this technology is an invaluable resource for civil engineers and other built environment professionals who need quick access to up-to-date and accurate information about the qualities of various building and construction materials.

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Vorster, Jacobus Adriaan. "Sustainable cooling alternatives for buildings." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4114.

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Thesis (MScEng (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The thesis was initiated by a Consulting Engineering Company (KV3) as a research project to investigate various options in which the efficiency and energy utilisation of conventional air conditioning systems may be enhanced by using alternative and renewable energy. Initially, eight options had been identified and through a process of determining the degree of commercialisation the alternative options were reduced to three. These options, referred to as the sustainable cooling alternatives, are active mass cooling, night flushing and roof cooling system. The roof cooling system comprised a roof-pond, roof-spray, pump and storage tank. The roof cooling system was mathematically and experimentally modelled. The roof cooling experiment was performed under a variety of weather conditions with the roof-pond and storage tank temperatures continuously recorded. The experimentally recorded temperatures were compared to the temperatures generated by the theoretical simulation calculations for the same input and weather conditions. Good agreement was found between the mathematical and experimental model. The largest discrepancy found between the simulated temperature and the experimental temperature was in the order of 1 ºC. A one-room building has been assumed to serve as a basis to which the sustainable cooling alternatives could be applied to for theoretical simulation. The one-room building had four façade walls and a flat roof slab. Night flushing, active mass cooling and the roof cooling system were applied to the one-room building such that the room air temperature and space cooling load could theoretically be simulated. The theoretical simulations were also repeated for the case where the roof-pond and roof-spray were applied as standalone systems to the one-room building. The theoretical simulation calculations were performed for typical summer weather conditions of Stellenbosch, South Africa. Under base case conditions and for a room thermostat setting of 22 ºC the peak cooling load of the one-room building was 74.73 W/m². With the application of night flushing between the hours of 24:00 and 07:00, the room cooling load was reduced by 5.2% by providing 3.9 W/m² of cooling and reducing the peak room temperature by 1.4 ºC. The active mass cooling system was modelled by supplying water at a constant supply temperature of 15 ºC to a pipe network embedded in the roof slab of the one-room building. The sea may typically be considered as a cold water source for buildings situated at the coast. The active mass cooling system reduced the peak cooling load of the one-room building by 50% by providing 37.2 W/m² of cooling and reducing the peak room temperature by 6.7 ºC. When the roof-spray and roof-pond systems were applied as standalone systems to the oneroom building, the peak cooling load of the one-room building could be reduced by 30% and 51% respectively. This is equivalent to 22.3 W/m² of peak cooling by the roof-spray and 38 W/m² of peak cooling by the roof-pond. The roof-spray reduced the peak room temperature by 3.71 ºC while the roof-pond reduced the peak room temperature by 5.9 ºC. Applying the roof cooling system to the one-room building produced 46 W/m² of peak cooling which resulted in a 61.1% reduction in peak cooling load. The roof cooling system reduced the peak temperature by 8 ºC. By comparing the sustainable cooling alternatives, the roof cooling system showed to be the most effective in reducing the one-room building peak cooling load. Over a 24 hour period the roof cooling system reduced the net heat entry to the one-room building by 57.3%. In a further attempt to reduce the peak cooling load, the sustainable cooling alternatives were applied in combinations to the one-room building. The combination of night flushing and roof-spray reduced the peak cooling load by 36% while a combination of night flushing and active mass cooling reduced the peak cooling load by 55%. Combining night flushing with the roof-pond also yielded a 55% peak cooling load reduction. The combination of roofpond, active mass cooling and night flushing provided 51 W/m² of cooling which corresponded to a 68% reduction in peak cooling load. Utilising the sustainable cooling alternatives in a combination in the one-room building gave improved results when compared to the case where the sustainable cooling alternatives were employed as standalone systems. It is illustrated by means of a sensitivity analysis that the ability of the roof cooling system to produce cool water is largely influenced by ambient conditions, droplet diameter and roofspray rate. Under clear sky conditions, an ambient temperature of 15 ºC, relative humidity of 80%, a roof-spray rate of 0.02 kg/sm² and a roof-pond water level of 100mm, water could be cooled at a rate of 113 W/m². The roof-spray energy contributed to 28 W/m² whilst the night sky radiation was responsible for 85 W/m² of the water cooling. It must however be noted that the water of the roof cooling system can never be reduced to a temperature that is lower than the ambient dew point temperature.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die tesis is geïnisieer deur ‘n Raadgewende Ingenieurs Maatskappy (KV3) as a navorsingsprojek om verskeie opsies te ondersoek waarmee die effektiwiteit en energie verbruik van konvensionele lugversorgingstelsels verbeter kan word deur middel van alternatiewe en hernubare energie. Agt opsies is oorspronglik geïdentifiseer en deur middel van ‘n proses waarby die graad van kommersialisering van hierdie alternatiewe maniere bepaal is, kon die opsies verminder word tot drie. Hierdie opsies, ook verwys na as die volhoubare verkoelingsalternatiewe, sluit in aktiewe massa verkoeling, dakverkoeling en nagventilasie. Die dakverkoelingstelsel bestaan uit dakwater, ‘n dakspuit, ‘n pomp en ‘n stoortenk. Die dakverkoelingstelsel is wiskundig en eksperimenteel gemodelleer. Die dakverkoelingseksperiment is uitgevoer onder ‘n verskeidenheid van weersomstandighede. Die dakwater asook die stoortenk se water temperatuur is voortdurend aangeteken. Dieselfde weer- en insetkondisies is gebruik vir die simulasie berekening en die temperature van die stoortenk se water en die dakwater is vergelyk met die temperatuurlesings van die eksperimentele werk. Die temperature van die eksperimentele lesings het goed vergelyk met die temperatuur simulasie berekeninge. Die grootste verskil tussen die simulasie en eksperimentele temperatuur was in die orde grootte van 1 ºC. ‘n Een-kamer gebou is aangeneem om as basis te dien waarop die volhoubare verkoelingsalternatiewe aangewend kon word vir teoretiese simulasie. Die een-kamer gebou het uit vier buite mure en ‘n horisontale beton dak bestaan. Nag ventilasie, aktiewe massa verkoeling en die dakverkoelingstelsel is toegepas op die een-kamer gebou en die kamer se verkoelingslas asook die kamer se lugtempertuur is teoreties gesimuleer. Die teoretiese simulasies is ook herhaal vir die geval waar die dakwater and dakspuitstelsel apart aangewend is op die een-kamer gebou. Die teoretiese simulasie berekeninge is uitgevoer vir tipiese somer weersomstandighede vir Stellenbosch, Suid Afrika. Onder basisgeval omstandighede, waar die een-kamer gebou gesimuleer is, sonder enige volhoubare verkoelingsalternatiewe en ‘n termostaat verstelling van 22 ºC, is die piek verkoelingslas bereken as 74.73 W/m². Met die toepassing van nagventilasie tussen die ure 24:00 en 07:00 was die piekverkoelingslas van die kamer verminder met 5.2% deur 3.9 W/m² se verkoeling te verskaf en die piekkamer temperatuur te verminder met 1.4 ºC. Aktiewe massa verkoeling is gesimuleer deur water teen ‘n konstante temperatuur van 15 ºC te verskaf aan ‘n pypnetwerk, geïnstalleer in the beton dak, van die een-kamer gebou. Geboue geleë aan die kus kan tipies seewater oorweeg as ‘n bron van koue water. Aktiewe massa verkoeling het die piekverkoelingslas van die een-kamer gebou verminder met 50% deur 37.2 W/m² se verkoeling te verskaf en die piekkamer temperatuur te verminder met 6.7 ºC. Wanneer die dakspuit- en dakwaterstelsel aangewend is op die een-kamer gebou as enkel staande stelsels, is die piekverkoelingslas verminder met 30% en 51% onderskeidelik. Dit is ekwivalent aan 22.3 W/m² se verkoeling vir die dakspuitstelsel en 38 W/m² se verkoeling vir die dakwaterstelsel. Die dakspuitstelsel het die piekkamer temperatuur verminder met 3.71 ºC terwyl die dakwaterstelsel ‘n 5.9 ºC verlaging in piekkamer temperatuur tot gevolg gehad het. Die dakverkoelingstelsel het 46 W/m² se piekverkoeling verskaf wat ‘n 61.1% vermindering in piekverkoelingslas tot gevolg gehad het. Die ooreenstemmende piek temperatuur vermindering is 8 ºC. Deur die verskeie volhoubare verkoelingsalternatiewe met mekaar te vergelyk, word getoon dat die dakverkoelingstelsel die mees effektiefste manier is om die een- kamer se piekverkoelingslas te verminder. Oor ‘n tydperk van 24 uur het die dakverkoelingstelsel die totale energievloei na die een-kamer gebou met 57.3% verminder. In ‘n verdere poging om die piekverkoelingslas te verminder, is die volhoubare verkoelingsalternatiewe toegepas in kombinasies op die een-kamer gebou. Die kombinasie van nagventilasie met die dakspuitstelsel het die piekverkoelingslas met 36% verminder, terwyl ‘n kombinasie van nagventilasie en aktiewe massa verkoeling ‘n 55% vermindering in piekverkoelingslas tot gevolg gehad het. Die kombinasie van dakwater en nagventilasie het ook ‘n piekverkoelingslas vermindering van 55% teweeggebring. Die kombinasie van dakwater, aktiewe massa verkoeling en nagventilasie het 51 W/m² se verkoeling veskaf, wat ooreenstem met ‘n 68% vermindering in piekverkoelingslas. Deur die volhoubare verkoelingsalternatiewe in kombinasies toe te pas op die een-kamer gebou, kon beter resultate verkry word toe dit vergelyk is met die geval waar die volhoubare verkoelingsalternatiewe as enkelstaande stelsels toegepas is. Dit is geïllustreer deur middel van ‘n sensitiwiteitsanalise dat die vermoë van die dakverkoelingstelsel om koue water te produseer, beïnvloed word deur buitelug kondisies, waterdruppel deursnee en dakspuit massa vloeitempo. Onder die oop hemelruimteomstandighede, ‘n buitelug temperatuur van 15 ºC, ‘n relatiewe humiditeit van 80%, ‘n dakspuit massa vloeitempo van 0.02 kg/sm² en dakwatervlak van 100 mm, kon water verkoel word teen ‘n tempo van 113 W/m². Die dakspuit gedeelte het 28 W/m² bygedra terwyl die nagruim radiasie sowat 85 W/m² se verkoeling verskaf het. Daar moet egter kennis geneem word dat die water temperatuur van die dakverkoelingstelsel nooit verminder kan word tot onder die buitelug doupunttemperatuur nie.

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Zabala, Mejia Andres Oswaldo. "Developing a grading tool for sustainable design of structural systems in buildings." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell miljöteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-177388.

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Construction is known for consuming large quantities of raw materials and high amounts of energy. In 2018, the construction industry was responsible for 6% of global energy consumption, 11% of global CO2 emissions, and approximately 36% of the total waste in the European Union. These drawbacks are just a part of the gap between the construction sector and Sustainability, which can also be perceived as challenges to the industry and demands for new and innovative strategies to increase Sustainability. For example, recent efforts of EcoDesign on structural systems show a trend in the importance of materials efficiency, durability, adaptability, and reuse. This thesis aims to create a set of guidelines that will help designers and other construction stakeholders apply Design for Deconstruction and Adaptability DfD/A principles to increase the knowledge of how structural design and structural systems in buildings can be designed to promote Sustainability. For this purpose, a grading tool to assess structural systems based on the ISO 20887 was developed. The general methodology for this research was adapted from Design Research Methodology with a particular focus on the Product Development approach for the tool development. A literature Review was conducted in both scientific and grey literature to identify relevant information and current efforts on sustainable design of structural systems and application of DfD/A principles on the construction sector. Three additional methods for data collection were used: (1) questionnaire for identification of customer needs and expectations, (2) benchmarking to identify similar tools, strategies, and certifications systems that include sustainability performance in buildings; and (3) workshops with the purpose to rate the usefulness quality of the tool based on the application of the tool by potential users in different case studies. A ready-to-use computer-based EcoDesign tool was developed. The assessment performed by this tool consists of an indicator system of DfD/A strategies to enhance sustainable development by improving material efficiency and stimulate a circular economy in the construction sector. A top-down approach was used for the concept generation, which starts with the ReBuilding Index as an indicator of sustainable performance for structural systems. This index is based on five categories defined on the relationship of the DfD/A principles with the design process of the structural system. A total of 20 principles are distributed in these categories, defined by 54 strategies to reach the goal of the principles. The tool was tested by 11 potential users with different roles in the construction sector. Five case studies were selected to grade the design of five different typologies of structural systems. The usefulness quality of the tool was evaluated based on indicators of usability, utility, and user experience. It was found that developing the tool based on DfD/A principles and the ISO 20887 gave the tool a solid theoretical background and a flexible structure that can be used for sustainable design or as part of an extensive framework of certification systems or ecolabel programs. The tool accomplishes the goal of grading and helping to improve the structural design. However, during the evaluation of the tool, many barriers and difficulties of application were found. Therefore, these findings and obstacles are instead identified as challenges and turn them into opportunities for improvements in future versions of the tool.
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Kaatz, Ewelina. "Developing a building sustainability assessment model for the South African built environment : searching for new appoaches to improve the effectiveness of building assessment." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30115.

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The fundamental premise of research presented in this thesis is the search for conceptual approaches and practical measures to enhance the practice of building assessment in fostering sustainable construction. Hence, this thesis advances the theory for the practice of building assessment that incorporates the principles of sustainable development. The research findings are communicated via a functional specification for a building sustainability assessment model, suitable to the South African context. The research focuses primarily on process-related aspects of building assessment. Important insights for the development of the model's specification are gained from the review of the practice and experience of Environmental Assessment (EA) in addressing sustainability at a project level. Lessons are also drawn from the Process Protocol (PP), which provides a means of describing the building project process in a way that is transparent and accessible to building stakeholders. The most relevant insights sourced from these two fields of expertise are grouped into three key themes. These include integration (i.e. integration of sustainability principles, stakeholder values and perspectives), transparency and accessibility (i.e. open participation and communication competence) and collaborative learning (i.e. active involvement and transfer of knowledge). It is proposed that these themes form key outcomes of building assessment and be viewed as crucial functionalities of the model. The model is presented as a generic method that can be customised to suit the context of its application. The potential use scenarios of the model, identified in this thesis, include the formulation of a building project proposal, a building project sustainability appraisal and a building performance audit. The use of process maps produced through this research facilitates the identification of interfaces between the model and the building process in terms of decision-points and associated information needs in each use scenario. The model's user personas are also discussed (i.e. building stakeholders) with regard to the potential benefits and challenges of their participation in the building assessment process. The theory for building assessment advanced in this thesis was validated during a workshop with South African academics and built environment practitioners, held at the University of Cape Town. The thesis concludes that building assessment methods can do more than assess the sustainability of a building. More importantly, they provide a means of introducing the principles of sustainable development into the processes that produce the built end-product. This suggests a need to move beyond the terminology of building assessment and instead talk of enhancement models that would facilitate a shift in the practice of building assessment from measuring to one of proactive improvement.

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Xie, Xiaohuan, and 谢晓欢. "Integrated design for green building in China : the obstacles and the way forward." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/212630.

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Hermawan, F. "A strategic approach to enhancing sustainable practices in public building projects : a case study of Indonesian Local Authorities." Thesis, Coventry University, 2015. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/569ce432-8b55-43cd-86c0-dc1680a8bfec/1.

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In the last few decades, there has been well documented evidence that the performance of the public building projects in local authorities in Indonesia does not fully meet the expectation of the stakeholders involved and demonstrates sustainable practices. This mediocre performance impacts on the competitiveness of building industry, and therefore would require the development of a strategic approach to address these fundamental structural and cultural issues. The strategic approach, which facilitates sustainable practices, to a large extent, depends on the local priorities, goals and success criteria, which are dynamic and influenced by the expectations of various stakeholders involved in the procurement of public buildings. This research aims to develop a conceptual framework that will help local authorities to enhance sustainable practices of public building management. The empirical research work adopted case study strategy involving interviews with 24 public building practitioners and investigation of building defects on 34 projects. This research proposes LACU model, which represents a triangular relationship between contractors, local authorities and building end-users to illustrate the interactions between parties when undertaking their tasks throughout the project lifecycle. A framework of Sustainable-Dynamic Capabilities was developed and applied to enhance understanding of sustainability provisions in public building development. Based on this framework and stakeholders’ mapping illustrated by LACU model, this research has enhanced understanding on strategies of local authority to implement sustainable practices on public building projects. A template analysis through interview transcripts has been adopted to identify strategic approaches of local authority to deliver successful project by determining the roles of stakeholder at three different levels, provincial, regency or city and special authority. This research provides a novel empirically-based guidance for the local authorities to undertake sustainable public building procurement throughout project life cycle by adopting strategic approaches, such as employing innovative construction method, appropriate policy intervention by local leader, and changing business orientation.

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Books on the topic "Sustainable buildings – Design and construction – Botswana"

Sustainable construction and design. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson Education, 2010.

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Gregory, Franta, and Professional Development Program (National Council of Architectural Registration Boards), eds. Sustainable design II. Washington, DC: National Council of Architectural Registration Boards, 2007.

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1976-, Özer Ebru, and Spiegelhalter Thomas 1959-, eds. Best practices in sustainable building design. Ft. Lauderdale, FL: J. Ross Publishing, Inc., 2012.

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American, Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. ASHRAE greenguide: Design, construction, and operation of sustainable buildings. Atlanta, GA: ASHRAE, 2013.

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Sustainable construction: Green building design and delivery. 3rd ed. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons, 2012.

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American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. ASHRAE greenguide: The design, construction, and operation of sustainable buildings. 3rd ed. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, 2010.

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Stephan, Rutz, ed. Pinpoint: Key facts + figures for sustainable buildings. Basel: Birkhauser, 2010.

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B, Hyman Lucas, ed. Sustainable on-site CHP systems: Design, construction, and operations. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2010.

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Sustainable construction: Green building design and delivery. 2nd ed. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons, 2008.

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Kibert, Charles J. Sustainable construction: Green building design and delivery. 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sustainable buildings – Design and construction – Botswana"

Hamzeh, Ali, Sadeq Hamed, and Zakaria Al-Omari. "Design and Construction of a Small Stand-Alone Wind Turbine Using Scrap Materials." In Renewable Energy and Sustainable Buildings, 379–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-18488-9_29.

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Carbonari, Alessandro, Elisa Di Giuseppe, Marco D’Orazio, Alberto Giretti, Massimo Lemma, Placido Munafò, Berardo Naticchia, Enrico Quagliarini, Francesca Stazi, and Massimo Vaccarini. "Rethinking Buildings Design, Construction and Management Through Sustainable Technologies and Digitization." In The First Outstanding 50 Years of “Università Politecnica delle Marche”, 341–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32762-0_20.

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"Construction Design." In Water and Energy Engineering for Sustainable Buildings, 15–20. Programa Editorial Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv182jsqk.6.

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"Sustainable Design, Construction And Operation." In Environmental Design of Urban Buildings, 87–98. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781849771160-12.

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"3 Construction Waste Management." In Integrated Sustainable Design of Buildings, 387–98. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781849775335-39.

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Xu, J., and W. Lu. "Design for construction waste management." In Sustainable Buildings and Structures: Building a Sustainable Tomorrow, 271–76. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003000716-36.

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"4 Considerate Contracting and Construction Impacts." In Integrated Sustainable Design of Buildings, 399–414. Routledge, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781849775335-40.

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Mateus, R., H. Koukkari, and L. Bragança. "Sustainable design in construction sector." In Improvement of Buildings' Structural Quality by New Technologies, 495–502. Taylor & Francis, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203970843.sec9.

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"Sustainable design in construction sector." In Improvement of Buildings' Structural Quality by New Technologies, 507–14. CRC Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203970843-58.

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"Trends for the Future of Sustainable Design and Construction." In Sustainable Buildings and Infrastructure, 452–89. Routledge, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203130841-20.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sustainable buildings – Design and construction – Botswana"

Tzourmakliotou, Dimitra. "Redefining the Design Process to Enhance Sustainable Steel Buildings." In Modern Methods and Advances in Structural Engineering and Construction. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-08-7920-4_s1-s07-cd.

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Wang, Chao, and Yong K. Cho. "Non-Invasive 3D Thermal Modeling for Buildings." In International Conference on Sustainable Design and Construction (ICSDC) 2011. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41204(426)59.

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Greene, Martin, and Jin-Lee Kim. "Prediction Model of California Residential Buildings' Energy Consumption." In International Conference on Sustainable Design, Engineering, and Construction 2012. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412688.007.

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Khodavirdi, K. "Toward More Rigorous and Automated Energy Oriented Retrofitting in Buildings." In International Conference on Sustainable Design, Engineering, and Construction 2012. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412688.008.

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Kwok, K. Y. G., C. Statz, B. Wade, and Wai K. Oswald Chong. "Carbon Emissions Modeling for Green Buildings: A Comprehensive Study of Calculations." In International Conference on Sustainable Design, Engineering, and Construction 2012. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412688.014.

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Gencturk, B., and K. A. Hossain. "On the Use of Structural Optimization for Earthquake Resiliency of Buildings." In International Conference on Sustainable Design, Engineering, and Construction 2012. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412688.047.

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Riding, Kyle A., Wai K. Chong, David Carter, Julia Keen, Bobb Stokes, Ramesh Sreerama, Vamshi Vemula, and SreeDurga Kona. "Establishing a Carbon Emissions Baseline for Kansas Department of Transportation (KDOT) Buildings." In International Conference on Sustainable Design and Construction (ICSDC) 2011. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41204(426)3.

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Shrestha, Pramen P., and Nitisha Pushpala. "Comparative Analysis of Energy Consumption of Green and Non-Green School Buildings." In International Conference on Sustainable Design and Construction (ICSDC) 2011. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41204(426)32.

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Piotr, Rosinski, Brady Laurence, Cotgrave Alison, and Al-Shamma'a Ahmed. "Decision Making Aid for Selection of Renewable/Sustainable Energy Systems for Buildings." In International Conference on Sustainable Design and Construction (ICSDC) 2011. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/41204(426)39.

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Sarkisian, Mark, Peter Lee, Eric Long, Rupa Garai, Lindsay Hu, and Andrew Krebs. "Performance-based Design of Civic Buildings." In IABSE Congress, Stockholm 2016: Challenges in Design and Construction of an Innovative and Sustainable Built Environment. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/stockholm.2016.0797.

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