Dissertations / Theses: 'Sustainable mobility development'

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Oberc, Barbara. "Gender and Mobility - Sustainable Development in the Transport Sector." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-236169.

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Several statistical studies show that women in developed countries, taken to be facing equal opportunities, are more environmentally benevolent in transport choice than men, as well as shape more environmentally benign (i.e. smaller) mobilities. Some researchers contend that a greater inclusion of women is needed in matters furthering sustainable development within the transport sector, because they believe women to be intrinsically more environmentally conscious. However, few qualitative studies explore the actual reasons behind women's more environmentally sustainable behavior in the transport sector. This qualitative study, conducted in Uppsala, aims to uncover the situation in present-day Sweden, a country renowned for its high level of sustainability and gender equality initiatives. Fourteen in-depth interviews were carried out (allowing for greater insight into the factors informing individuals' transport choices and mobility patterns) with a sample of individuals pertaining to two demographically different neighborhoods (providing an observation of the influence that other demographic and socio-economic factors might have). While the results show certain gendered undertones in the organization of the interviewed individuals' lifestyles, the reasons behind making certain transport choices and shaping one's mobility are reported by the study's subjects to be the same for both men and women. The primary factors guiding the interviewees' choices are predominantly linked to convenience, saving money, and saving time. Although the interviewees speak of facing equal opportunities, however, these appear to be to an extent still influenced by gender, mainly in the meaning ascribed to automobility and an unequal division of labor.

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Vidal, Arturo Martin. "Sustainable Urban Mobility : Transportation Solutions for Future Urban Environments." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-354003.

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This is a study of urban mobility, where urban areas are defined as diverse and complex locations with a metabolism composed of multiple components and subsystems. Currently, more than 60% of the world’s population live in urban areas, a number expected to grow significantly. Most cities are unsustainable and often in ecological deficit; cities over- consume or pollute their natural resources, while unequal distribution of resources also occur. Thus, leading to serious economic and social imbalances, something that is possible to appreciate in developing nation-states. With population growth and economic concentration in urban areas, transport policies are forcing governments to seek innovative solutions for shaping and re-shaping existing and future transportation systems. Transport infrastructure related to congestion, accidents, local air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) is a challenge for many major cities in the world. This study covers the political and socio-economical processes with regards to the environmental challenges in the Peruvian transport system. It includes an analysis of the strategies and indicators of good governance by the central, metropolitan and local governments, with the aim of identifying the main drivers and barriers to improving the current transport system in Lima. It is important to highlight that urban mobility is an important component of urban planning and is constituted by the urban transport system, land use, traffic management, inter-modality, accessibility and public space management, among other things. The appropriate approach to urban mobility joins the vision of a city with citizenship (Ministerio de Vivienda 2016). From an Urban Political Ecology (UPE) perspective, one can appreciate that the transport system in Lima seems directly derived from complex social, economic and political relations and where environmental challenges are less vocal (Robbins 2012). And seen from the Entrepreneurial or innovative state and as described by Schumpeter, the role that a state or governments hold is crucial in a well-functioning society in the context of a capitalism society. An efficient government is vital in providing goods and services, rules and institutions for ensuring that the market grows, as well as directing citizens to a more prosperous life. Without such a government, sustainable development in social and economical aspects is impossible. However, the results of this study not only presents several challenges to the structure of the national, regional and local governments in Lima, but also the various dimensions to these challenges that exist. These insights are important to highlight and address, as moving towards an urban transformation that is sustainable and durable will require considerable intervention from governments to achieve substantial reductions in GHG emissions.

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Cheung, Ching-yan, and 張靜欣. "Planning for sustainable mobility: implications of cycling development in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46735306.

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Sunio, Varsolo Cornago. "Mobility Behavior Change Support System for Sustainable Campus Commuting." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232019.

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MOURA, IURI BARROSO DE. "BRT TRANSOESTE: ANALYSIS OF SPATIAL INDICATORS FOR SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2014. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=25321@1.

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Este estudo apresenta uma avaliação do projeto BRT Transoeste, no município do Rio de Janeiro - RJ, sob a perspectiva da mobilidade e do desenvolvimento urbano sustentáveis. O BRT Transoeste consiste no primeiro sistema Bus Rapid Transit implantado no município e foi proposto inicialmente visando atender a compromisso, em termos de mobilidade urbana, da Prefeitura da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro com o Comitê Olímpico Internacional – COI para realização dos Jogos Olímpicos de 2016. Este sistema, que atravessa bairros das Áreas de Planejamento 4 (Barra da Tijuca) e 5 (Zona Oeste) da cidade, foi concebido para exercer a função de sistema estruturador de transporte de passageiros de sua área de influência. Com o auxílio de Sistema de Informações Geográficas - SIG, foram analisados indicadores associados à cobertura espacial do sistema, às condições de circulação no espaço urbano, ao uso e a ocupação do solo e ao ordenamento territorial em sua Área de Influência Direta. Os resultados obtidos a partir da análise destes indicadores espaciais foram avaliados através de seis princípios de desenho ou projeto para cidades sustentáveis desenvolvidos pelo Grupo de Pesquisa Móbile, da COPPE/UFRJ. Estes princípios evidenciam a necessidade de integração do planejamento de transporte e do uso do solo para promoção da mobilidade e do desenvolvimento urbano sustentáveis.
This study presents a BRT Transoeste project evaluation in the city of Rio de Janeiro, from a sustainable mobility and urban development perspective. The BRT Transoeste is the first Bus Rapid Transit system implemented in the municipality and was proposed initially to fufill the agreement between Rio de Janeiro City Government and the International Olympic Committee for the 2016 Olympic Games. This system crossing the city neighborhoods in Planning Area 4 (Barra da Tijuca) and 5 (West Side) was envisioned to work as a passenger transportation structuring system for its area of influence. The Geographic Information System – GIS helped analyze indicators associated with the system s spatial coverage, urban space circulation conditions, land occupation, use and zoning laws in its direct area of influence. The Móbile Research Group (COPPE/UFRJ) developed six principles for sustainable city design to analyze results obtained for these spatial indicators. These principles make clear the need to integrate transportation and land use planning to promote sustainable mobility and urban development.

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Evseeva, Anastasia. "Report on the results of a comparative Russian-German research on sustainable mobility: Perception, Priorities and Trends of Sustainable mobility in Russia and Germany." Dresden University of Technology, 2018. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A31145.

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The report presents the results of a comparative Russian-German research on the topic of sustainable mobility. On the basis of two stages of sequential, electronic, anonymous interviews of 23 Russian and 24 German experts in the field of transport, there was identified the role of a sustainable mobility in achieving the Sustainable development goals (SDG’s); the most relevant objectives of sustainable mobility in Russia and Germany; the barriers and contributors of the inclusion of these objectives in Russian transport policy. Furthermore, specific strategies that can effectively contribute to tackling transport problems under specific national conditions were outlined. In addition, the perception of the role of sustainable mobility in the expert circles of Russia and Germany were compared. In conclusion, the author provides a number of problematic issues that require further research in order to promote the concept of sustainable mobility in Russia.:Introduction. Part I. Sustainable Transport Impacts on Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG\'s). Part II. Priority objectives of sustainable mobility in Germany and Russia. Part III. The effectiveness of sustainable mobility strategies. General conclusions. Further research. References. Annex 1. The questionnaire of the first stage of the research. Annex 2. The questionnaire of the second stage of the research. Annex 3. Statistics of evaluations on question №1: \'Sustainable Transport Impacts on Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG’s)\'. Annex 4. Statistics of evaluations on question №2: \'The relevance of sustainable mobility objectives in Russia / Germany\'. Annex 5. Statistics of evaluations on question №2: \'The effectiveness of sustainable mobility strategies in Russia / Germany\'.

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Kolmosová, Lucia. "Application of Sustainable Development Concept as a Factor of International Competitiveness." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-356997.

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Tato diplomová práce se zaměřuje na aplikaci koncepce udržitelného rozvoje ve firmě Volkswagen Slovakia na posílení její konkurenceschopnosti. Automobilová společnost je analyzována jako hráč v odvětví udržitelné mobility a její současná strategie je zhodnocena v zmyslu udržitelnosti. Na základě nejrelevantnějších aspektů analytické části je navržena řada doporučení, které by měli podpořit působení firmy v oblasti výroby elektrických vozidel a poskytování transportních služeb a které by měli přispět k dosažení eko-konkurenční výhody v daném odvětví.

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Kammerlander, Moritz, Karin Schanes, Franziska Hartwig, Jill Jäger, Ines Omann, and Michelle O'Keeffe. "A resource-efficient and sufficient future mobility system for improved well-being in Europe." Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40309-015-0065-x.

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A transformation of our current transport system and individual mobility behaviour is an essential pre-requisite for attaining a desirable future that enables a life within environmental boundaries ("safe operating space") and higher well-being at the same time. Accordingly, this paper focuses on the potentials of a resource-saving, sustainable transport system with reduced, but still satisfactory, mobility. To achieve the vision of resource-efficiency in Europe, a new understanding of mobility is needed: "the mode of travel is the reward of the journey", meaning that it is not about travelling fastest and frequently, but unhurried (easy-going), infrequently and sustainably. We describe a socially inclusive and innovative transport system that could achieve this vision and discuss the kinds of policy measures that would be required to implement it. Changes are required in many areas including values, preferences, infrastructure, technology, governance and the economy. (authors' abstract)

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Nannstedt, Elin. "Åriket - A Case Study of Conflicts in Urban Development." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-227633.

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Sustainable transport planning is a complex issue and has become a great challenge for today’s decision makers. One of the biggest concerns is how sustainable mobility can be reached; where social and economic interests can work together with environmental interests. By looking into a special case of transport planning in Åriket, Uppsala this paper analyses the decision making process as well as the response from other stakeholders presented as contesting story lines. The results show there are weaknesses in the planning process, where too few alternatives have been looked at and the methods used has not been able to handle the complex issues of sustainable development in an adequate way. From the contested story lines the different opinions in the question has been identified as either being a part of the old conventional transport paradigm or a part of the new sustainable mobility paradigm, which can be used as a guideline for the decision makers in what way to go for reaching sustainable mobility.

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Sandin, Carl-Oscar. "Developing Infrastructure to Promote Electric Mobility." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-55326.

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Electric mobility, E-mobility, will play a central role in a sustainable future transport system. The potential of curbing climate change in both short and long term are significant. Emobility will also offer the possibility to leapfrog the Internal Combustion car, IC-car, economy for developing countries. The low dependence of oil will be a benefit but E-mobility will demand a well functional electricity grid. Development of this grid will be beneficial for the developing world. For the European society E-mobility will in long term offer lower operating costs, decreased dependence of oil and lower emission of pollutants and Green House Gases, GHGs. All these factors are beneficial for the European society. The transition to E-mobility will depend upon a set of different factors and will call for different actions in order to overcome the barriers of E-mobility. A well developed charging infrastructure will be important in order to offer the full potential of E-mobility. The infrastructure will develop along with the market introduction of Electrical Vehicles, EVs. It is important that there are existing charging alternatives in the early introduction phase of EV in order to avoid the stagnation in the transition toward E-mobility. In order to provide the proper conditions for E-mobility, the determining factors must be investigated and evaluated. The four main factors are economical, social, R&D and infrastructure. The European driving patterns meet the offered operating range of an EV with ease. This means that EV has the potential to become an inner city vehicle under existing conditions. The investigation of the four determining factors leads to a base from which an implementation plan is suggested. The implementation plan is directed toward governments, energy utilities and other active participants in the development. The key factors of the implementation plan are to actively engage in the market, see E-mobility as a disruptive technology, use spin-off companies and social transparency. In order to gain the most from the implementation plan it is important that the correct actions are taken at the correct time. Therefore the transition period is divided into three phases; the introduction phase, the commercial phase and the re-development phase. The introduction phase will create the basic conditions for E-mobility. Government’s main action will be to invest in EVs and offer subsidies and other incentives to major companies that will equip their vehicle fleets with EVs. These actions will send signals toward vehicle Original Equipment Manufactures, OEMs, and other actors that the market of EVs is worth investing in. During the introduction phase try-out sessions, demonstrations and hearings will be important in order to communicate the advantages of E-mobility to society. Energy utilities will work to create roaming deals and standardization of important components and characteristics. The commercial phase is the most important phase for social adoption of E-mobility. During this phase commercial businesses will use EV charging a competitive advantage. New business models will be one of the keys to fully adoption of E-mobility. Cross industry alliances will reduce the initial cost, offer the service of a vehicle without owning it and leasing deals. The perception of travelling will shift and reduction of operating cost will be evaluated against travel time and planning. The re-development phase is based on a society that has adopted E-mobility. The development will proceed in order to offer more advantages to drivers but also to increase efficiency and to use the full potential of E-mobility.

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Teixeira, Betarelli Cabrera Luiza, and Woda Angela Marie. "How smart are smart cities? : How can big data influence the planning of sustainable urban mobility?" Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-230941.

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The opportunities we have to move around the city, otherwise known as urban mobility, are intrinsically linked to both local industrial output as well as the physical possibilities of moving provided by the landscape of the urban environment. With the advent of automotive congestion solidifying itself as a reality as populations in urban centres continue to rise, the conspicuous question is: If we continue the way we’re going, what happens next? This thesis explores the influence of new technologies and the data that drives them on the mechanisms of planning mobility in urban centres, as well as the potential of adoption of innovative mobility solutions that address environmental concerns through insights that higher resolution data can provide. Statistical data sets have been used in the past in order to justify urban interventions and shifts in the established landscape, to collectively move citizens and their production towards spatial outcomes that hinge from directives of governance. More recently these shifts have been in a bid to address the overarching awareness of changes in the natural environment due to industrial (and therefore human) intervention. Moving into a future when there is a higher resolution of quantitative data harvested from abroad consumer base it becomes possible to enhance the city planning process by linking close to-real-time supply and demand. The central proposition of this thesis is that unique value propositions of mobility consumer markets should be driven by the needs of people, rather than the capabilities of technology and industry. There are obvious real-world ramifications for changes in the way citizens move around the city; the sizing of streets, noise levels of automobiles, access and egress points, the distance between points of interest and the capabilities of the fixed built infrastructure to accommodate change. This body of research focus’ on the connection enabled by putting people, rather than technical solutions at the centre of the sustainability debate.

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Björkvall, Simon, and Rikard Bodén. "Sustainable Mobility Scenario Modeling : Evaluating Future Resilience of Modular Concepts for Electrified Trucks." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297305.

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Today, one of the greatest concerns for companies is how well their business will fit their future markets. However, predicting how the future will unfold is almost impossible for many industries, but companies that fail to prepare their products for future markets will most likely face substantial problems. Consequently, many companies have drawn their interest to product development strategies that cope with an unpredictable future, and research has highlighted Modularization as one such strategy. Nevertheless, there are no current methods that integrate future studies into the modularization process. Besides, there are no methods that evaluate the resilience of modular configurations against future scenarios. In the absence of such methods, this study targets the gap between future studies and modularization. The objective is to explore how scenario modeling can be used in the modularization process to evaluate the fitness of modular configurations against future conditions. The study scope is a simplified inter-urban transport mission with a particular focus on battery-electric and fuel-cell electric trucks. To meet the objective, this study builds upon a scenario framework from previous research that provides possible but yet distinctive futures within the transportation industry. Further, the future scenarios are bridged to the modularization process by transitioning the most important customer values from the scenarios to measurable design variables. Subsequently, by assigning weights to the customer values in accordance with scenario narratives, the overall efficiency of 42 unique modular configurations could be evaluated against the presumed importance of future customer values. Those findings were used to assess the relative performance of modules with respect to multiple futures and to provide reflections on the most and least robust modular design and configuration choices across multiple futures. In summary, the contribution from this method is shown to be two-fold. On the one hand, the model can provide insights and directions on the future resilience of modular concepts in the early stages of product development processes. On the other hand, it can be used in recurring performance assessments of modular configurations and guide optimization of module variants to prepare modular product configurations for multiple scenarios.
Ett av de största bekymren för företag idag är alltjämt hur bra deras verksamhet kommer möta framtidens kundbehov. Emellertid är det nästan omöjligt att förutspå hur framtiden kommer utvecklas inom många branscher, men samtidigt möter företag överhängande operationella förluster om de misslyckas med att adressera framtidens behov. Föga förvånande har många företag börjat intressera sig för flexibla produktutvecklingsstrategier som kan hantera en oförutsägbar framtid och tidigare forskning har belyst Modularisering som en sådan strategi. Däremot finns det i dagsläget inga nuvarande metoder som tar hänsyn till framtidsstudier i modulariseringsprocessen. Dessutom verkar det inte finnas några metoder som utvärderar effektiviteten hos modulära konfigurationer med avseende på olika framtidsscenarier. I avsaknad av sådana metoder riktar sig detta examensarbete mot gapet mellan framtidsstudier och modularisering av produkter. Syftet är att undersöka hur scenariomodellering kan användas i modulariseringsprocessen för att utvärdera robustheten hos moduler gentemot olika framtidsscenarier. Studien är avgränsad mot inter-urbana transportuppdrag med ett särskilt fokus på batteridrivna och vätgasdrivna lastbilar. För att uppnå forskningssyftet bygger uppsatsen på scenariomodellering från tidigare forskning som bidrar med en uppsättning av möjliga men ändå distinkta framtidsscenarier. Vidare kunde framtidsscenarierna sammanlänkas med modulariseringsprocessen genom att extrahera de viktigaste kundvärdena från framtidsscenarierna och översätta dessa till mätbara design variabler. Därefter kunde den totala effektiviteten för 42 unika lastbilskonfigurationer utvärderas mot framtidakundvärden genom att tilldela kundvärdena olika signifikansnivåer baserat på framtidsscenarierna. Dessaresultat användes för att bedöma konfigurationernas relativa prestanda mot olika framtidsscenarier. Resultatet användes också till att samla in data om modulernas robusthet och sedermera analysera lämpligheten hos enskilda moduler. Sammanfattningsvis bedöms bidraget från metoden vara av dubbel karaktär. Å ena sidan kan metoden ge insikter om den framtida lämpligheten hos modulära koncept i ett tidigt skede av produktutvecklingsprocessen. Samtidigt kan metoden användas i återkommande utvärderingar av modulkonfigurationer och som ledsagning för att optimera modulvarianter och förbereda modulära produktkonfigurationer mot flera framtidsscenarier.

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Robèrt, Markus. "Mobility Management and Climate Change Policies." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Samhällsplanering och miljö, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4539.

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Globally, the transport system faces a paradigmatic shift where, in addition to increased local traffic problems, climate change and depletion of fossil oil reserves will foster a successive transition to renewable fuels and a need for more resource-efficient mobility management and communication alternatives. Foresighted countries, cities or companies taking the lead in adapting to these tougher conditions might well not only solve those problems, but also turn the problems into business advantages. This thesis is based on six studies that attempt to develop future strategies based on rigorous principled emission and energy efficiency targets and to modulate the impact of travel policies, technical components and behaviours in economically advantageous ways. The modelling frameworks developed throughout the thesis build on a target-orientated approach called backcasting, where the following general components are applied: (1) target description at a conceptual level i.e. the potential for sustainable energy systems, emissions, costs, behavioural patterns, preferences, etc.; (2) mapping of the current situation in relation to target description; and (3) modelling of alternative sets of policies, technologies, behaviours and economic prerequisites to arrive at target achievement. Sustainable travel strategies are analysed from two main viewpoints. The first four studies focus on company travel planning, where behavioural modelling proved to be an important tool for deriving targetorientated travel policies consistent with employee preferences. The latter two studies focus on strategies and preconditions to meet future emission targets and energy efficiency requirements at a macroscopic regional level by 2030. Backcasting’s role as a generic methodology for effective strategic planning is discussed.
QC 20100816

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Wang, Yulu. "Data-driven smart mobility as an act to mitigate climate change, a case of Hangzhou." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-412398.

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The transport sector is responsible for a significant and growing proportion of greenhouse gas emissions. The urgent actions are required to take in the transport sector facing the challenge of growing global change. The major trends, including global urbanization, widespread application of digital technologies, and broad demand for sustainable development, have provided new opportunities for data-driven smart mobility in the future. This research aims to explore potentials of data-driven smart mobility in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 11.2, “provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all,” and Sustainable Development Goal 13.2, “take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts” and “integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning” reducing greenhouse gas emissions every year. In order to meet this aim, this research explores the understandings and innovations of data-driven smart mobility in achieving decarbonization in urban, as well as barriers during the current practices. Hangzhou, as the capital city in Zhejiang Province in China, has been selected for the case study to examine data-driven smart mobility approaches. The research results show that the potentials of the data to tackle climate issues lie in the efficient transport operation and travel behaviors change. Data technologies have been widely applied to improve the integration of travel modes and the efficiency of transport management to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in road traffic. However, there are few drivers to mine data resources for travel behavior change. Moreover, data-driven smart mobility initiatives applied in urban areas involve multiple stakeholders but with limited access to data sharing and opening. Considering disruptive effects and potential promises brought by the big data technologies, the implementation of smart mobility requires for public data strategy with a holistic view of the complex urban challenges and global climate change.

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Nilsson, Nathalie, and Matilda Lassen. "Den goda mobiliteten : En undersökning av fastighetsutvecklares arbete med mobilitetsåtgärder i Västra Hamnen, Malmö." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-18682.

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Urbana områden har formats efter den bilnorm som råder i modern tid. Detta har belastat miljön och medfört att städer idag står inför det stora arbetet att ställa om till hållbara samhällen. Hållbara mobilitetslösningar har blivit ett aktuellt ämne som följd av denna problematik. Viktiga aktörer i arbetet med åtgärder för hållbar urban mobilitet är fastighetsutvecklare. Syftet med studien är att undersöka fastighetsutvecklares roll i arbetet med hållbart resande vid uppbyggnaden av en ny stadsdel. Tre områden i Västra Hamnen i Malmö har bedömts relevanta och fungerar som fallstudier. Med hjälp av teorier kring ämnet hållbar urban mobilitet samt semistrukturerade intervjuer och dokumentanalys har frågeställningarna undersökts och diskuterats. Studiens slutsatser visar att fastighetsutvecklare har en betydande roll i implementeringen av hållbar mobilitet vid nybyggnation. Vidare identifieras parkeringsnormen som ett viktigt verktyg. Studien belyser vidare vikten av åtgärder för beteendeförändring, samt planering anpassad för målgrupp.
Urban areas are shaped after the existing automobile dependency in modern time. This has burdened the environment and resulted in a need for cities to evolve into sustainable places. Sustainable mobility measures have become an urgent matter as a result of this problem. An important actor in the work with mobility measures for a sustainable urban mobility are developers. The purpose of this study is to examine developers’ role in the work with sustainable travel when a new city area is under development. Three areas in the Western Harbour in Malmö have been deemed relevant as case studies. Theories about sustainable urban mobility together with semi-structured interviews and document analyses served to examine and discuss the formulated questions. The conclusions of the study show that developers have a prominent role in the implementation of sustainable mobility in new city areas. Furthermore, the parking standards are identified as an important tool. The study illuminates the importance of measures for behavioral changes as well as planning for a targeted group

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Rynning, Maja karoline. "Towards a Zero-Emission Urban Mobility Urban design as a mitigation strategy, harmonizing insights from research and practice." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ISAT0020/document.

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La thèse étudie la façon dont le design urbain peut être une stratégie pour promouvoir les mobilités zéro émission, dans le cadre d’une mobilité quotidienne, telles que la marche, le vélo et les transports en commun. Ce travail explore les connaissances des praticiens du design urbain bâti, à savoir des urbanistes, des aménageurs, des architectes ainsi que des paysagistes, en tant qu’une source complémentaire s’ajoutant à celles issues de la recherché. Des enquêtes ont été menées en France et en Norvège. Les résultats ont été croisés avec la littérature scientifique ainsi qu’avec la littérature issue du design urbain. Un changement modal permanent requiert que l’utilisation de modes zéro émission soit à la fois une possibilité et un plaisir. L’influence du design urbain sur les choix modaux est particulièrement importante durant le voyage, lorsque l’usager se déplace à travers la ville et ses espaces publics. En particulier, les interactions avec l’environnement bâti, à l’échelle d’un quartier, influencent la manière dont la personne se souviendra de son déplacement. Ce souvenir impactera, dans un second temps, ses futurs choix modaux. Ces interactions sont d’autant plus importantes dans le cas de la marche et du vélo, ce qui impacte directement l’utilisation des transports en commun
The doctoral thesis explores how urban design can be a mobility-mitigation strategy to promote the use of zero-emission modes such as walking, cycling, and public transport. What is the potential contribution of neighbourhood-scale built-environment interventions towards a sustainable modal shift? The work explores the experience-based knowledge of urban design practitioners (urban planners and designers, architects, landscape architects) as a source for new insights, complementary to those of research. A mixed-methods approach was employed in France and in Norway, consisting of workshops, interviews, and a survey. The results were crossed with findings from research and design literature, analyzed from an interdisciplinary, holistic perspective. The results show that achieving a permanent modal shift requires the use of zero-emission choices to be both possible and pleasurable. The influence of urban design is likely most significant during trips, when a person moves through a city and its public spaces. Interactions with the neighbourhood-scale built environment influences overall travel satisfaction, and the remembered trip experience matters for future modal choices. Modal choices are highly individual; people’s barriers for a zero-emission choice vary. Urban design interventions can help lower these, through bigger or smaller measures

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Paulusson, Malin. "Daily Travel Mode Choice from an Intersectional Perspective : -A Literature Review and a Case Study in Uppsala." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-254893.

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The transport sector is an extensive contributor to the total CO2 emissions, and private transports hold a vast share. This has implications on environmental and human health, which eventually have economic consequences for society. Equal access to opportunities is essential in a sustainable society and public transport is a crucial element. Apart from public transport, physical active transport modes are key components in a sustainable transport system. The aim of this thesis was through an intersectional perspective to gain deeper understanding about travel mode choices and to identify barriers to use of public transport. This thesis comprises an extensive literature review of 62 articles, reviews and publications on travel behavior and travel mode choice undertaken in different parts of Sweden, Germany, UK, Portugal and the USA. A limited case study shares through nine qualitative interviews the travel experiences of four men and five women in different ages in Nåntuna/Vilan and Sävja in Uppsala, Sweden. The influencing factors were categorized and later intersectionally analyzed with the respect to gender, age and socioeconomic class. The analysis revealed that travel mode choices are complex and can be made for various reasons. Access to a car, habits, travel pattern and time indicated to be the most influencing factors. Economic resources seemed to influence the availability of transport mode, and indications could be seen that economic resources might impair gender differences. Looking at preferences and actual mode choice, the study sample illustrates that men, older, and richer, are having more opportunities to take their preferable mode choice. Planning factors appeared to both promote and constrain the use of public transport. Public transport seemed to have hard to meet everyone’s need, and indicated to have low competitiveness to the car. It is suggested that future research focuses on how to meet more people’s need in order to increase the use of public transport by its own attractiveness. Further research is also suggested about the health perspective of physical active modes and public transport. The study revealed difficulties in studying experiences outside the white, majority Swedish norm. More time would have been needed to include ethnicity, as it is an important aspect and should be included in future research.
Transportsektorn bidrar till en omfattande del av det totala koldioxidutsläppet, och privata transporter utgör en ansenlig del av detta. De miljö- och hälsomässiga negativa effekterna är betydande, vilket följaktligen kommer att få sociala och ekonomiska konsekvenser. Det övergripande politiska målet är att öka användandet av hållbara transportmedel, så som fysiskt aktiva färdmedel och kollektivtrafik. Lika möjligheter att nå arbeten och service är en förutsättning för ett hållbart samhälle, och kollektivtrafiken är en viktig nyckel till detta. Förutom kollektivtrafiken är också fysiskt aktiva färdmedel, så som cykling och gång, en nyckelfaktor i ett hållbart transportsystem. Syfte: Syftet med den här masteruppsatsen är att få djupare kunskap om de faktorer som påverkar resebeteende och färdmedelsval, samt att identifiera barriärer för kollektivt resande. Uppsatsen har ett intersektionellt perspektiv och undersöker hur maktfaktorer som kön, ålder och socioekonomisk klass påverkar valet av färdmedel. Metod: En omfattande litteraturstudie om resvanor och resebeteende i Sverige, Tyskland, Storbritannien, Portugal och USA föregick en fallstudie. Med fokus på de två områdena Nåntuna/Vilan och Sävja, i Uppsala, Sverige, genomfördes en mindre fallstudie. Nio kvalitativa intervjuer belyser fyra män och fem kvinnors erfarenheter från sina dagliga färdmedelsval. Resultat: Av dessa framgår att färdmedelsval är komplexa; de kan göras av olika anledningar, samt olika anledningar kan leda till samma val. En mängd olika faktorer indikerade på att påverka valet av färdmedel, bland annat tillgången till bil, vanor, attityder, resmönster och restiden. Dessutom indikerar resultat att maktfaktorer som kön, ålder och socioekonomisk klass formar möjligheterna till att välja färdmedel. Indikationer tyder på att ekonomiska resurser styr tillgången på färdmedelsval samt kan minska könsskillnader. Det emellertid ringa urvalet exemplifierar att män, äldre och rikare har större möjligheter att välja sitt önskvärda färdmedelsval. Respondenternas erfarenheter visar att planeringsfaktorer kan både främja och försvåra användandet av kollektivtrafiken. Kollektivtrafiken verkade ha svårt att möta människors olika behov och därmed vara konkurrenskraftig i förhållande till bilen. Mer forskning om detta är nödvändig för att öka och behålla resenärer utifrån kollektivtrafikens egen attraktionskraft. Vidare så föreslås ytterligare studier om länken mellan hälsa, fysiskt aktiva färdmedelsval och kollektivtrafikanvändande. Studien innefattar inte erfarenheter från personer med annan bakgrund än vit, majoritetssvensk eftersom det hade krävt mer tid än vad denna studie medgav. Det är dock ett viktigt perspektiv för framtida forskning.

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Delgado, Fernanda Camila Martinez. "Perspectiva para o transporte público por ônibus em 2030 : uma análise para cidades de pequeno e médio porte no Brasil /." Bauru, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/192825.

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Orientador: Bárbara Stolte Bezerra
Resumo: Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral analisar a perspectiva do transporte público por ônibus em 2030 nas cidades de pequeno e médio porte, com enfoque na mobilidade urbana sustentável. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa foram traçados quatro objetivos de pesquisa específicos: elaborar projeções para o transporte público por ônibus e desenvolver um questionário; avaliar estas projeções quanto à probabilidade de ocorrência, impacto no setor de transporte público por ônibus e desjabilidade de ocorrência das projeções, através do resultado de um painel de especialistas, utilizando o questionário desenvolvido no item anterior; avaliar a formação de um construto de fatores importantes para o transporte público por ônibus relacionados com a mobilidade urbana sustentável em cidades de pequeno e médio porte brasileiras a partir das variáveis do questionário; selecionar as variáveis que terão maior impacto para o transporte público por ônibus. O questionário foi aplicado a especialistas na área de transporte público urbano (TPU). Para a análise dos dados foram utilizadas as seguintes técnicas: cálculo do grau de concordância, Análise Fatorial Exploratória e Regressão Logística. A análise dos dados apontou 3 projeções que tem maior probabilidade de ocorrência: P6-Os ônibus de TPU, das cidades de pequeno e médio porte serão gradativamente conectados e se comunicarão uns com os outros e com a infraestrutura; P9-O TPU por ônibus será um importante elo na integração com outros modais mais... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This research aimed to analyze the perspective of public bus transport in 2030 in small and medium-sized cities, with a focus on sustainable urban mobility. For the development of the research, four specific research objectives were outlined: to elaborate projections for public transport by bus and to develop a questionnaire; evaluate these projections as to the probability of occurrence, impact on the public transport sector by bus and the desirability of occurrence of the projections, through the result of a panel of experts, using the questionnaire developed in the previous item; evaluate the formation of a construct of important factors for public bus transport related to sustainable urban mobility in small and medium-sized Brazilian cities based on factors and variables in the questionnaire; select the variables that will have the greatest impact on public transport by bus. The questionnaire was applied to specialists in urban public transport (UPT) and for the analysis of the collected data the following techniques were used: calculation of the degree of agreement, exploratory factor analysis and logistic regression. Data analysis pointed to three probable projections to occur in 2030: P6- Buses from UPT, small and medium-sized cities will be gradually connected and will communicate with each other and with the infrastructure; P9-UPT by bus will be an important link in the integration with other more sustainable modes (walking, bicycle, scooter, etc.) in small and mediu... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre

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Ndayiziga, Honoré. "Territoires et mobilité durable : complexité, acteurs-réseaux et hybridation des pratiques au croisement de l'intelligence territoriale et du développement durable." Thesis, Toulon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUL0002.

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La mobilité, en particulier la mobilité urbaine est aujourd’hui un thème d’une grande actualité politique et scientifique, qui soulève des questions et engage des démarches qui vont bien au-delà des problématiques habituelles des transports (Bonnet, Desjeux, 2000, p.201). Au centre de la vie quotidienne, économique et/ou sociale des acteurs locaux, la mobilité est un problème aux multiples enjeux : impact sur le réchauffement climatique, droit à la mobilité, économie, urbanisme et cadre de vie, équilibre entre ville et campagne, sécurité routière et santé publique. Le besoin de mobilité peut être traité, voire satisfait, de plusieurs façons, soit en apportant une réponse au besoin de déplacement soit en apportant une réponse au mode de mobilité. La question de la mobilité est un des enjeux majeurs pour l'accès aux emplois comme aux services dans les territoires et lorsque celle-ci se heurte au manque de transports collectifs, publics et privés, ce manque entraîne l'isolement voire l’exclusion, surtout pour les populations les plus fragiles avec pour corollaire la saturation des infrastructures routières par le recours à l’utilisation intensive des véhicules individuels dans les zones péri-urbaines. Ainsi, le secteur des transports a besoin d’utiliser les technologies de l’information. Ces technologies de l’information (TI) sont au centre de nombreuses réflexions sur la mobilité et la non mobilité, en particulier dans le cadre de la réduction des déplacements physiques rendus nécessaire par la maitrise des émissions de gaz à effet de serre. Les technologies de l’information en hybridant les territoires, peuvent être des outils d’une gestion globale et durable des déplacements territoriaux. Dans cette recherche, nous avons mis l’accent sur le croisement de l’« Intelligence Territoriale et mobilité durable » avec une orientation sur le déplacement partagé, biens et personnes, facteur de communication sociale, et de développement d’équilibre territorial en menant en parallèle une double étude entre l’Afrique de l’Est (la CAE) et l’Euro Méditerranée (PACA et Corse), pour en tirer des enseignements. Bertacchini, Girardot, et Grammacia (2006), présentent l’intelligence territoriale (IT) comme étant une théorie, posture, et démarche ascendante d’intelligence collective fondée sur une approche citoyenne de la valorisation territoriale. Nous avons insisté sur la nécessité de fonder l'action sur une analyse fine des besoins des habitants en matière de déplacement et comment inventer de nouvelles modalités d'organisation des services par le développement des stratégies de communications qui s’inspirent de l’intelligence territoriale (IT), la cohésion sociale, la convivialité, l’équité, les hypothèses de l’IT et la capacité de la communication à promouvoir la médiation territoriale
We actually do make, in our PhD research work, a tough choice on studying mobility at the crossroads of Territorial Intelligence Process and Sustainable Mobility through Communication Science sensitive approach with the help of IT (Information Technologies). Because mobility, or absence of, can lead to isolation (may be seclusion) or even exclusion, especially for the most vulnerable people, is a subject of high political and scientific relevance, raising questions and involving processes far beyond the usual and specific questions of transportation (Bonnet, Desjeux, 2000, p. 201). We stress the point about the link between « Territorial Intelligence and Sustainable Mobility » with a focus on shared displacement, goods and people, which means, and can be seen as, a social communication factor and development of territorial equilibrium; We conducted a simultaneous study both in East Africa and Euro Mediterranean space (PACA and Corsica), to recap learned lessons. Bertacchini, Girardot, and Grammacia (2006), shown Territorial Intelligence (IT) as a theory, posture, and bottom-up approach of collective intelligence based on citizen's approach of territorial development. And for that purpose, we underlined the need of action based on analysis of travel needs of residents and how to create new ways of structuring mobility offer through the development of communications suggested by Territorial Intelligence (IT), social cohesion, conviviality, equity, assumptions of IT and with the ability of communication to promote territorial mediation. For local stakeholders mobility is a matter of life and at the crossroads of their daily economic and social life, mobility is an issue with multiple challenges: impact on global warming, rights to mobility, economy development, jobs accessibility, town planning and environment, road safety and public health. The need for mobility can be addressed or even satisfied by several ways, either by responding to the need for mobility, or by providing a response to the mode of mobility. Thus, the transportation sector needs using information technology. These information technologies are studied through numerous ways on mobility and non-mobility, particularly focusing on how reducing physical displacements made necessary and call for the control of greenhouse gas emissions. Information technologies by hybridizing territories, as described within Territorial Intelligence assumptions, can be tools for a comprehensive and sustainable management of territorial displacements

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Yao, Mingzhu. "Modeling households' long-term mobility and residential decisions and short-term time use/travel choices :group decision-based approaches." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/655.

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Understanding household long-term decisions concerning residential location/relocation, car ownership and short-term activity travel choices are crucial for land use and transport planning. However, when addressing these issues, multitudes of choice models applying individual or unitary household decision-making mechanisms have dominated in transport studies, ignoring the interactions among household members in consensual decision making in real situations. To promote the investigation of these issues from a group decision-making perspective, this study explores the applicability of various group decision-making approaches to investigate multiple long-term decisions and short-term choices. Specifically, this thesis has four main research objectives: 1) adopt a utilitarian approach to develop an integrated model that links household members' consensual long-term decisions like housing, vehicle ownership and short-term activity-travel decisions like time use, explicitly capturing expenditure tradeoff for long-term decisions on housing and car ownership; 2) employ the Nash bargaining approach to model household members' consensual car ownership choice and examine this choice from the perspective of household time allocation; 3) apply an egalitarian bargaining approach (capture household members' concern for equity) to model household residential relocation choice, make a comparative study among this approach, Nash bargaining approach, and conventional utilitarian approach, and then accommodate these heterogeneous group decision mechanisms in a unified modeling framework; 4) examine the impacts of vehicle usage rationing policy on household car ownership and spouses' time allocation patterns. The database that serves for empirical applications of the formulated models is from a two-wave household activity-travel diary survey conducted in Beijing. This thesis contributes to current literature by adopting new approaches to investigate various group decision-making mechanisms among household members, comparing and assessing the predictive performance of different group decision approaches, as well as explicitly capturing household's long-term expenditure tradeoff. Insights and findings from this study are helpful for gaining profound understanding of spatial distribution of residence, household car ownership and individuals' activity-travel patterns, which will be conducive to the formulation of relevant policies for sustainable urban development.

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Rahimi, Golkhandan Armin. "Characterization and Assessment of Transportation Diversity: Impacts on Mobility and Resilience Planning in Urban Communities." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99146.

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A transportation system is a critical infrastructure that is key for mobility in any community. Natural hazards can cause failure in transportation infrastructure and impede its routine performance. Ecological systems are resilient systems that are very similar to transportation systems. Diversity is a fundamental factor in ecological resilience, and it is recognized as an important property of transportation resilience. However, quantifying transportation diversity remains challenging, which makes it difficult to understand the influence of diversity on transportation performance and resilience. Consequently, three studies are undertaken to remedy this circumstance. The first study develops a novel approach – inspired by biodiversity in ecological stability theory – to characterize and measure transportation diversity by its richness (availability) and evenness (distribution). This transportation diversity approach is then applied to New York City (NYC) at the zip code level using the GIS data of transportation modes. The results demonstrate the variation of transportation diversity across the city. The characterized inherent and augmented complementarities start to uncover the dynamics of modal compensation and to demonstrate how transportation diversity contributes to this phenomenon. Moreover, the NYC zip codes with low transportation diversity are mainly in hurricane evacuation zones that are more vulnerable. Consequently, low transportation diversity in these areas could affect their post-disaster mobility. In the second study, the influence of transportation diversity on post-disaster mobility is examined by investigating the patterns of mobility in New York City one month before and after Hurricane Sandy using Twitter data. To characterize pre- and post-Sandy mobility patterns, the locations that individuals visited frequently were identified and travel distance, the radius of gyration, and mobility entropy were measured. Individuals were grouped according to the transportation diversity of their frequently visited locations. The findings reveal that individuals that lived in or visited zip codes with higher transportation diversity mostly experienced less disturbance in their mobility patterns after Sandy and the recovery of their mobility patterns was faster. The results confirm that transportation diversity affects the resilience of individual post-disaster mobility. The approach used in this study is one of the first to examine the root causes of changes in mobility patterns after extreme events by linking transportation infrastructure diversity to post-disaster mobility. Finally, the third study employs the transportation diversity approach to investigate modal accessibility and social exclusion. Transportation infrastructure is a sociotechnical system and transport equity is crucial for access to opportunities and services such as jobs and infrastructure. The social exclusion caused by transport inequity could be intensified after natural disasters that can cause failure in a transportation system. One approach to determine transport equity is access to transportation modes. Common catchment area approaches to assess the equity of access to transportation modes cannot differentiate between the equity of access to modes in sub-regions of an area. The transportation diversity approach overcomes this shortcoming, and it is applied to all transportation modes in NYC zip codes to measure the equity of access. Zip codes were grouped in quartiles based on their transportation diversity. Using the American Community Survey data, a set of important socioeconomic and transport usage factors were compared in the quartile groups. The results indicated the relationship between transportation diversity and income, vehicle ownership, commute time, and commute mode. This relationship highlighted that social exclusion is linked with transport inequity. The results also revealed that the inequity of the transport system in zip codes with low transportation diversity affects poor individuals more than non-poor and the zip codes with a majority of black and Hispanic populations are impacted more. Further consideration of the impacts of Hurricanes Irene and Sandy in NYC shows that people in areas with a lower transportation diversity were affected more and the transport inequity in these areas made it difficult to cope with these disasters and caused post-disaster social exclusion. Therefore, enhancing transportation diversity should support transport equity and reduce social exclusion under normal situations and during extreme events. Together, these three studies illustrate the influence of transportation diversity on the resilience of this infrastructure. They highlight the importance of the provision and distribution of all transportation modes, their influence on mobility during normal situations and extreme events and their contribution toward mitigating social exclusion. Finally, these studies suggest that transportation diversity can contribute to more targeted and equitable transportation and community resilience planning, which should help decision-makers allocate scarce resources more effectively.
Doctor of Philosophy
Transportation systems are very important in every city. Natural disasters like hurricanes and floods can destroy roads and inundate metro tunnels that can cause problems for mobility. Ecological systems like forests are very resilient because they have experienced disturbances like natural disasters for millions of years. Ecological systems and transportation systems are very similar; for example, both have different components (different species in an ecological system and different modes in a transportation system). Because of such similarities, we can learn from ecological resilience to improve transportation resilience. Having a variety of species in an ecological system makes it diverse. Diversity is the most important factor in ecological resilience, and it is also recognized as an important factor in transportation resilience. Current methods cannot effectively quantify transportation diversity – the variety of modes in a system – so determining its impact on transportation resilience remains a challenge. In this dissertation, principles of ecological diversity are adapted to characterize transportation infrastructure to develop a new approach to measure transportation diversity; metrics include the availability of transportation modes and their distribution in a community. The developed approach was applied in New York City (NYC) at the zip code level. Locations with low transportation diversity (fewer modes and/or unequal distribution) were identified, and most of these zip codes are located in hurricane evacuation zones. Consequently, these zip codes with the least diverse transportation systems are the most vulnerable, which can cause serious issues during emergency evacuations and the ability of people to access work or essential services. Therefore, in a city hit by a natural disaster, understanding the relationship between people's mobility and a transportation system's diversity is important. Twitter data was used to find the places that people in NYC visited regularly for one month before and one month after Hurricane Sandy. Subsequently, using different methods, the pre- and post-disaster mobility patterns of these individuals were characterized. The results show that after the disaster, individuals had a higher chance of maintaining their pre-disaster mobility patterns if they were living in and/or visiting areas with high transportation diversity. Based on these findings, we confirmed the influence of transportation diversity on post-disaster mobility. In addition, the transportation infrastructure should provide equitable service to all individuals, during normal operations and extreme events. One of the ways to determine this equality is equity of access to transportation modes. Hence, transportation diversity was used as an indicator for equity of access to transportation modes to overcome the limitations of current methods like catchment area approaches. NYC zip codes were grouped based on their transportation diversity and a set of important socioeconomic and transport related factors were compared among these groups. The comparison of socioeconomic and transport related factors in zip codes showed that the zip codes with lower transportation diversity are also more socioeconomically deprived. This highlights the likely influence of transportation diversity on social exclusion. Further consideration of the impacts of Hurricanes Irene and Sandy in NYC shows that people in areas with a lower transportation diversity were affected more and the transport inequity in these areas made it difficult to cope with these disasters and caused post-disaster social exclusion. Therefore, enhancing transportation diversity should support transport equity and reduce social exclusion under normal situations and during extreme events. The investigations conducted highlight the importance of the provision and distribution of all transportation modes, their influence on mobility during normal situations and extreme events and their contribution toward mitigating social exclusion. Finally, the collective results suggest that transportation diversity can contribute to more targeted and equitable transportation and community resilience planning, which should help decision-makers allocate scarce resources more effectively.

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Peterlana, Elena. "Stockholm’s Engine of Change: Cyclists Remaking Themselves and Their City." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-388306.

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Today we are experiencing an urbanization process at a speed never acknowledged before. With mobilityaccounting for a considered share of the environmental impact of these expanding urban ecosystems, the bicycleassumes an increasing fundamental role in the framework of sustainable development. However, despite gainingrecognition as valuable sustainable transportation alternative, it is still marginalized within a current car-centeredsociety. Collective action around cycling has therefore started to mobilize in order to defend cyclists’ interestsand needs. Yet, there is still limited research on its role on affecting urban development, as well as on its impacton the people who engage in such action. This thesis aims to fill this research gap by focusing on how collective action around cycling has shaped city andpersons. First of all, the collective action framework has been delineated by building on different authorscontributions: in this thesis, collective action has then been defined as an action of the collectivity for thecollectivity through the efforts of both single individuals and organized groups. Three sub-questions haveconsequently been investigated: how collective action changed its own practitioners, transforming theircapabilities and self-perceptions; how collective action has been shaped itself by cyclists group identity; and howsuch action has impacted the development of the city of Stockholm, taken as case study. The methods appliedinclude a literature review to provide relevant background, followed by a qualitative research based on semi-structured interviews. The informants involved were selected based on their engagement in the collective actionof the Stockholm scene, taken as case study due to its rather rapid process and quest in becoming a more bikeablecity. By analyzing their experiences and answers, the study results provide a new perspective on the impact ofcollective action, focusing in particular on the way group identification can strengthen and direct this engagementand on how the latter has contributed to a more personal development of its practitioners. The results build up on and also confirm previous findings in relation to dynamics typical of collective action andgroup identity, applying a more case-related perspective. In regard to its practitioners, collective action has beenfound to have an impact by enhancing a feeling of empowerment, freedom and community, affecting also non-practitioners and benefiting the society as a whole. Group identification resulted to play a significant role inshaping the different kinds of engagement, for example by focusing on contrasting the car hegemony within theurban system; however, consistent differences were found between high and low identifiers. For what concernsthe urban development of Stockholm, collective action has been found to have shaped the city in regards toinfrastructure, policies and organization, thanks to a growing network and political engagement of different actorsand organizations. The deriving increased awareness and recognition represent a core starting point for theachievement of future goals.

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Oliveira, Thays Aparecida de. "Connecting real, sustainable, smart and digital cities." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670374.

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This thesis addresses on research accomplished and published during the last five years on the state-of-the-art about the development on Smart and Digital Cities. The world population has been increasing and conglomerating mainly in urban centers and, in order to provide better life quality to citizens, new strategies are being taken under the scope of innovation and technology. Among its contributions, this thesis focuses on the connection between technologies and social science, one of its aims is to perceive the way citizens are being inserted into this rapidly transformed environment. Based on operations research techniques, solutions that cover mobility, marketing, governance, privacy, education, citizen's right, among others, are highlighted in the collection of papers presented here. Cutting-edge concepts of information and communication technologies, internet-of-things, blockchain, smart contracts, internet-of-value, optimization, are introduced, explored and extended, contributing for society to move towards sustainable, efficient and transparent use of technology.
Esta tesis aborda la investigación realizada y publicada durante los últimos cinco años sobre el estado del arte sobre el desarollo de las cuidades inteligentes y digitales. La población mundial ha aumentado y se ha conglomerado principalmente en los centros urbanos y, para proporcionar una mejor calidad de vida a los cuidadanos, se están adoptando nuevas estrategias en el ámbito de la innovación y la tecnología. Entre sus contribuiciones, esta tesis se centra en lá conexión entre las tecnologías y las ciencias sociales, uno de sus objetivos es percibir la forma en que los ciudadanos se insertan en este entorno rápidamente transformado. Con base en las técnicas de investigación operativa, las soluciones que cubren movilidad, marketing, gobernanza, privacidad, educación, derechos de los ciudadados, entre otras, se destacan en la colección de documentos presentados aquí. Se introducen, exploran y amplían conceptos innovadores de tecnologías de información y comunicación, internet de las cosas, blockchain, contratos inteligentes, internet de valor, optimización, contribuyendo a la sociedad hacia un uso sostenible, eficiente y transparente de la tecnologia.
Aquesta tesi aborda les investigacions realitzades i publicades durant els darrers cinc anys sobre l'estat de la tecnologia en el desenvolupament de les ciutats intelligents i digitals. La població mundial ha anat augmentant i aglutinant-se principalment als centres urbans i per tal de proporcionar una millor qualitat de vida als ciutadans, s’estan adoptant noves estratègies en l’àmbit de la innovació i la tecnologia. Entre les seves contribucions, aquesta tesi es centra en la connexió entre les tecnologies i les ciències socials. Un dels seus objectius és percebre la manera com s’està inserint els ciutadans en aquest entorn ràpidament transformat. A partir de tècniques d’investigació d’operacions, destaquen solucions que cobreixen la mobilitat, el màrqueting, la governança, la privacitat, l’educació i el dret del ciutadà, entre d’altres, tal i com s'exposa en aquest treball. Es presenten, exploren i amplien conceptes d’avantguarda sobre tecnologies de la informació i la comunicació, internet de les coses, blockchain, contractes intelligents, internet de valor i optimització, contribuint a la societat cap a un ús sostenible, eficient i transparent de la tecnologia.

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Lewis, Aaron, and Mark Simmons. "P2P Carsharing Service Design : Informing User Experience Development." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3014.

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This thesis investigates the P2P carsharing user experience. The intention of this investigation is to increase the adoption and uptake of P2P carsharing in existing and future markets because of its benefits to the environment, the local economy and its accruement of social capital. We see P2P carshar- ing as a key means to creating a sustainable urban transportation solution. We started by doing a web review of P2P carsharing followed by a system- atic analysis in which we categorized each platforms’ key attributes. With this information we created two infographics. The first displays existent platforms and their different attributes. The second illustrates the customer journey. We then conducted a survey between April 6 and May 14, 2012, receiving 206 responses from borrowers, owners and people who have not yet used the service. Although the survey was open to anyone, users in the US, France, Germany, Spain and Sweden were targeted. The survey pro- vides demographic information about P2P carsharing users who were found to be young, highly educated, well-off working professionals. Their trans- portation habits and needs, especially as relating to P2P carsharing were also found. After collating this information we partitioned respondents into: Owners, Borrowers, Prospective Owners, Prospective Borrowers, and then orthogonally into US Users and European Users. We then created user pro- files and a mix of short and longer-term multi-stakeholder design chal- lenges for stakeholders; whose work, building off of ours, will we hope, foster innovations that make P2P carsharing a ubiquitous mobility solution.

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Lichtenberg, Rose, Patricia Guimarães, and Heleen Podsedkowska. "Personal Rapid Transit systems for reduction in car dependence Karlskrona case study." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för maskinteknik, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3500.

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This research project is designed to enhance the planning process that can aid authorities moving towards sustainable and economically feasible local and regional mobility systems. The improvements that have been made to transit so far have not been successful in breaking the trend of increasing car traffic and decreasing transit trip making. This means that sustainable mobility is a complex system which also encompasses changing attitudes and behaviours, integrating spatial and energy planning into it, and looking upstream to affect the causes of the problem instead of downstream to just fix its consequences. Environmental impacts (noise, pollution, health problems), accidents and congestion are all by-products of transport activities – they are the so-called external costs – and must be made part of the equation. European guidelines were analysed, as well as the results of many of the European Union‘s mobility research programs. The core of the research analyses how to move Karlskrona municipality‘s mobility system towards its vision of success in the future through the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development – Sustainable Mobility (FSSD-SM). Backcasting from a sustainable vision in the long-term future is central to this process. The Municipality of Karlskrona, in Sweden, is the case study. A sustainability analysis of Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) systems was undertaken to determine the feasability of integrating this modal system into the mobility solution for Karlskrona municipality.

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Covelli, Cristina. "Transit Oriented Development assessment of Handen Pendeltåg Station." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254583.

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Transit Oriented Development theoretical and practical framework represents an important tool for municipalities, private actors and citizens to enhance quality of life in urban contexts. Planning cities that encourage sustainable mobility patterns can contribute to aim at diversifying land use and making cities more accessible, safer and attractive for people. Handen has developed as a car-dependant area that is planned to growth its population and build more than 9000 new housing units by 2030 (Haninge Kommun, 2016). The TOD standard 3.0 was applied in the area around Handen pendeltåg station, to practically assess the TODness level of the area and provide recommendations to take into a consideration for future and current developments. Using the TOD standard in Handen can contribute to aim at a more sustainable growth pattern for both current and expected new citizens on the area. After implementing the evaluation system, it was found out that the best ranked variables were Compactness and Cycling. In contrast the variables that received the lowest scores were Walk, Densify, Connect, and Shift. Overall, Handen scored a Bronze level of TODness. Therefore, there are several actions that could be implemented on the study area in order to improve the TODness level. Specifically, Handen needs to diversify its land use, enhance the pedestrian network, encourage land mix use, decrease the space destined to cars and increase pedestrian connectivity, among others.

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Ghédira, Aymen. "Planification urbaine et développement durable en Tunisie : vers une nouvelle conception de la conduite publique des systèmes de déplacement et de localisation." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAH036/document.

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La finalité de notre thèse est d'interroger la relation entre la planification urbaine et le développement durable en regard des politiques publiques urbaines de développement et plus particulièrement du management territorial. Dans notre conception de la démarche, nous mettons l'accent sur les différentes dynamiques (déplacements et mobilité) et mutations morphologiques et structurelles (occupations du sol) à l'échelle de l'agglomération afin de singulariser la décision publique en matière du développement urbain durable. Nos choix se sont inscrits volontairement dans une logique transdisciplinaire qui s'est révélée particulièrement adaptée à nos différents recours théoriques, méthodologiques et empiriques.Traitant le contexte tunisien en pleine transition, ce travail propose un modèle de décision publique hybride permettant de déterminer les traits d'une planification urbaine adaptée aux différents contextes actuels et aux exigences de la durabilité. Le recours à la fois aux techniques de la prospective, aux modèles intégrés de déplacements et d'occupation du sol, à la simulation et aux techniques d'analyse multicritère nous a permis une construction intégrée et itérative de plusieurs niveaux d'évaluation partielle et d'un niveau d'évaluation globale. Le modèle conçu et testé pour la ville de Sousse permettra aux décideurs publics de disposer d'une grille synthétique d'informations issues d'une prise en compte aussi complète que possible de la réalité urbaine. Il offre différents niveaux d'évaluation thématique et un niveau global intégrant l'ensemble. La démarche pourra servir de référent à d'autres villes tunisiennes et aura par conséquent un impact réel sur la qualité de leur développement
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the relationship between urban planning and sustainable development in relation to urban development policy and in particular the territorial management. In our design approach, we focus on the different dynamics (travel and mobility) moreover, morphological and structural changes (land uses) on the scale of the urban area in order to single public decision in urban development long lasting. Our choices were enrolled voluntarily in a trans-disciplinary logic has proved to be particularly suited to our different theoretical, methodological and empirical appeal.Treat the Tunisian context in transition; this research proposes a hybrid public decision model to determine the features of an adapted urban planning to different contexts and current requirements of sustainability. Using both foresight technics, integrated land use-transportation models, simulation and multi-criteria analysis technics allowed us an integrated and iterative construction of several levels of partial evaluation and a level of overall evaluation. The model designed and tested for the town of Sousse will allow policy makers to have a synthetic grid information from a decision as complete as possible account of urban reality. It offers different levels of thematic evaluation and a global level integrating all. The approach can be used as reference to other Tunisian cities and will therefore have a real impact on the quality of their development

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Nordström, Lina, Lars Runesson, and Helena Warnecke. "Light a Spark! Addressing Barriers and Enablers to Increase Demand of Electric Vehicles in Southeast Sweden." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för strategisk hållbar utveckling, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-928.

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The Personal Transportation System safeguards peoples’ cultural understanding of freedom: to move individually without being dependent on others. However, the increasing number of private vehicles driven on fossil fuels contributes to unsustainability and one of the most urgent issues, climate change. The authors explored electric vehicles as an alternative to fossil fuel driven vehicles as a way of moving strategically towards sustainability in the Personal Transportation System. In order to increase demand of electric vehicles, barriers need to be overcome. The authors identified perceived barriers and enablers through literature review, interviews with automobile dealers and other stakeholders of the EV sector in Southeast Sweden, as well as through an electronic survey of individuals living in this region. The outcome of the thesis is a pilot strategy using behavior change tools from Community-Based Social Marketing in order to address the perceived barriers and enablers on the demand side of the electric vehicle market. With highly positive attitudes towards electric vehicles in Southeast Sweden, the strategy may be successful in the region; however, it needs to be combined with further measures on the supply side of the market which cannot be addressed with behavior change tools.

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Veiga, Ivanice Schütz. "Proposta de modelo conceitual para implantação de gestão compartilhada de serviços de transporte público urbano de pessoas dirigido a um cenário de mobilidade e desenvolvimento sustentável." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3136/tde-01112011-113734/.

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O estudo centra-se na produção dos serviços do transporte público urbano de pessoas, visando o desenvolvimento de uma nova metodologia e modelo para sua gestão, sustentado na mobilidade urbana e princípios do desenvolvimento sustentável. Esta concepção compreende a formação de áreas urbanas orientadas pela multisetorialidade, estruturação de redes, distribuição de atividades geradoras de viagens, responsabilidade social, integração, inclusão social, e ênfase na geração de espaços saudáveis para os cidadãos. Com base na análise da situação atual do transporte urbano, os dados secundários mostram o esgotamento dos modelos tradicionais de tratamento para a gestão de services desta natureza, aliada a uma abordagem restrita, orientada por soluções setoriais e funcionalistas, onde o transporte aparece como um fim em si mesmo.. Por outro lado, a revisão do estado da arte aponta a abordagem da sustentabilidade como potencial alternativa a promover mudanças positivas no que se refere à busca de soluções para problemas de transporte; não somente restrita ao entendimento do transporte sustentável a partir de soluções tecnológicas, mas fundamentalmente, segundo uma definição mais ampla, que enfatiza soluções integradas, incluindo melhorias na mobilidade urbana, desenvolvimento econômico, através de novos arranjos organizacionais. Neste sentido, referindo-se ao tratamento do transporte urbano como um instrumento ligado à cadeia de atividades diárias de vida dos cidadãos, o estudo propõe a criação de um modelo relacional, através da gestão compartilhada pelos diferentes Agentes envolvidos. Desta forma, níveis mais elevados de mobilidade urbana são promovidos através do transporte público ou modos não motorizados, com alcance de melhor qualidade de vida para a população das cidades. A abordagem teórica de redes interorganizacionais, e os conceitos de gestão da mobilidade explorando a relação entre o uso do solo, transporte e outros setores produtivos oferecem o suporte conceitual para a presente pesquisa desenvolvida com base qualitativa. Visando a ilustração teórica e o teste das condições para o desenvolvimento da nova metodologia de abordagem do problema e proposição de um novo modelo de gestão, um ensaio ilustrativo foi desenvolvido, aplicado em pesquisa empírica realizada na Comunidade da Maré, situada na Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. Através de técnicas de grupos focais e entrevistas em profundidade, os Agentes envolvidos nas atividades produtivas da rede de transporte foram identificados. Suas necessidades, limitações e percepções relacionadas à nova proposta de gestão intersetorial foram exploradas, de modo a subsidiar o estudo de factibilidade e vertente metodológica de implantação do novo modelo relacional proposto. As bases teóricas e as proposições da agenda intersetorial foram desenvolvidas e avalizadas junto aos stakeholders, originando-se o modelo de gestão: FÓRUM MÓBILE. Desta forma, a pesquisa analisa o potencial de novas formas de gestão para serviços de transporte público urbano de pessoas, com base em critérios de eqüidade econômica, social e ambiental.
The study focuses on the urban public transport service production, aiming the development of a new methodology and a managerial model, supported by the mobility and sustainable development principles that comprise the conception of the environmental urban areas oriented to multi-sectoriality, structuring networks, distribution of trip generating activities, social responsibility, integration and social inclusion and proximity emphasizing livable spaces for citizens. Based on the analysis of the current situation of urban transport, secondary data show the depletion of traditional models, underpinned by a narrow approach oriented only to transport issues. On the other hand, the state-of-the-art review points out that sustainability approach may require changing the way people think about how to solve transportation problems. A narrow definition of sustainable transport tends to favor individual technological solutions, while a broader definition tends emphasize integrated solutions, including improved travel choices, economic incentives, and new organizational arrangements. Referring to the treatment of urban transportation as an instrument linked to the chain of daily activities of citizens, the study proposes setting up a relational model, through the shared management by the various stakeholders involved, where higher levels of urban mobility are promoted through the public transport or not motorized modes achieving higher levels of quality of life for urban population. The theoretical approach of interorganizational networks and the concepts of the mobility management exploring land use and transport relationship give conceptual support to the current research developed on the qualitative basis. Aiming the illustration and testing of the conditions for the development of the new methodology to approach the problem and propose a managerial model, there is an example developed, applying the extensive survey at a specific location within the low-income community in the Metropolitan Area. Through the focus group techniques and in-depth interviews the agents that could be involved in the transport-activity network are identified and their needs, constraints and perceptions related to the new proposal are explored. This way the research examines the potential of new forms of management, based on the economic, social and environmental equity criteria.

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Mello, Erick de Santana. "Mobilidade urbana sustent?vel em projetos estruturantes: analise urban?stica e ambiental do corredor de transporte da Avenida Bernardo Vieira Natal/RN." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/12319.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:56:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ErickSM_Capa_ate_pag82.pdf: 1298566 bytes, checksum: 565aa850d5d6ef3b43d77c41e8b8f44d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-21
Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
The search for a sustainable urban mobility, has recast the public policy of transport and movement for all, in order to contribute to the welfare economic, social and environmental. Within this context, has as its main objective review here in the city of Natal in the state of Rio Grande Norte, the deployment of the new road infrastructure of the transport corridor of Bernardo Vieira Avenue and checking at least with regard to urban areas and environmental chosen here, as will indicators to assess sustainable urban mobility, that the theory has been well constructed, but in practice little way to apply the proposed guidelines for sustainability. To achieve this result, is initially a literature review with the principal investigators of the matter, since the concepts of indicators of sustainable urban mobility. And a second time, participating in to the case study, using the methodology of environmental awareness, through analysis photographs, notes and testimony in the study area ace to reach conclusions
A busca por uma mobilidade urbana sustent?vel, tem reformulado as pol?ticas p?blicas de transporte e de circula??o para todos, de modo a contribuir para o bem estar econ?mico, social e ambiental. Dentro deste contexto, tem se aqui como objetivo principal analisar na cidade de Natal no Estado do Rio Grande Norte, a implanta??o da nova infra-estrutura vi?ria do corredor de transporte da Avenida Bernardo Vieira, e verificar pelo menos no que tange aos aspectos urban?sticos e ambientais aqui escolhido, como indicadores para avaliar ? mobilidade urbana sustent?vel, que a teoria tem sido bem constru?da, mas que no caminho para pr?tica pouco se aplica das diretrizes propostas de sustentabilidade. Para se chegar a esse resultado, se faz num primeiro momento uma revis?o bibliogr?fica junto aos principais pesquisadores do assunto, desde dos conceitos aos indicadores de mobilidade urbana sustent?vel. E num segundo momento, parti se para o estudo de caso, utilizando a metodologia da percep??o ambiental, atrav?s de an?lises fotogr?ficas, anota??es e depoimentos na ?rea de estudo para chegar ?s conclus?es

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Vassas, Toral Anaïs. "Ruralité et agriculture au prisme des mobilités spatiales. L’Altiplano Sud de la Bolivie à l’heure du boom de la quinoa." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30049.

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En réponse à une nouvelle demande du marché alimentaire, l’Altiplano Sud de Bolivie est devenu la première régionexportatrice au monde de quinoa, aliment traditionnel des populations andines, désormais consommé dans de nombreuxpays du Nord. La thèse interroge les changements induits par le passage d’une agriculture d’autosubsistance à uneagriculture familiale d’exportation, avec une attention particulière portée à la mobilité spatiale des populations et à la manière dont elle s’articule aux profondes mutations que vit cette région. La reconstitution par récit de vie des biographiesde 170 individus originaires de cinq communautés rurales a permis de resituer le boom de la quinoa dans les trajectoiresrésidentielle, professionnelle et circulatoire des populations. À travers l’étude des liens qui se nouent entre mobilité,dynamique agricole et gestion des ressources, cette étude montre une grande réactivité des familles et des communautésface aux exigences des nouveaux systèmes de production, l’émergence de multiples formes d’arrangements sociaux, ainsiqu’une plasticité des territoires de vie que révèlent des pratiques plurielles de mobilité et de pluriactivité fondées sur uneorganisation socio‐spatiale réticulaire articulant ville et campagne. Mais dans cette région au milieu fragile et aux conditions climatiques extrêmes, le regain d’intérêt pour l’activité agricole, ayant induit le retour de nombreux migrants et l’émergence de multiples acteurs, s’accompagne de fortes pressions sur les ressources foncières, de tensions sociales et d’un risque de fragilisation du milieu posant la question cruciale de la gestion durable du territoire
Responding to a new food market demand, the Southern Altiplano region of Bolivia has become the world’s largest exporterof quinoa, a traditional food of Andean populations, now consumed in many countries in the North. This thesis investigatesthe changes induced by the transition from subsistence agriculture to family‐based export agriculture, with a particular focus on the spatial mobility of the populations and its relation to the profound changes experienced by this region.Reconstruction through life narratives of the biographies of 170 people originating from 5 rural communities facilitated areframing of the quinoa boom in the context of the residential, professional and circulatory histories of the populations.Through study of the links between mobility, agricultural dynamics, and local resource management, this study demonstrates i) the great reactivity of the families and communities facing the demands of new production systems, ii) theemergence of multiple forms of social agreements, iii) the plasticity of the livelihood territories revealed by various practicesof mobility and pluriactivity based on a reticular socio‐spatial organization connecting the city and the countryside.However, in this region of fragile environment and harsh climate conditions, the resurgence of interest in agriculturalactivities, precipitating the return of many migrants and the emergence of multiple actors, is accompanied by hugepressures on land resources, social tensions and a risk of environmental degradation, calling into question the crucial issue of the sustainable management of the region

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Brew, Anton, and Olivia Zetterberg. "Exploring the Potential of Crowdfunding for EV-Charging Infrastructure Development : A Strategy for Collaborative Financing of EV Charging Points in Sweden." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279504.

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All over the world, raising concerns about energy conservation and the environmental impacts of greenhouse gas emissions has promoted the development of a sustainable mobility transition. Successful electric vehicle (EV) deployment plays a vital role in this manner but is still facing obstacles, where public charging infrastructure is one of them. Additionally, digitization is transforming and introducing new industries worldwide, contributing with new constructs to be used in the evolving transition. Simultaneously, technology is surpassing the competition, and is one of the most potent transformational force affecting customer relations in the energy sector, leading to customers anticipating more from the power utility companies. To attain a long-termsustainable competitive advantage, firms have to retain, sustain, and nurture their customer base. To do so, corporations have comprehended the value of embracing customer-centric incentives, enabling them to capture more indirect business values. Furthermore, this thesis was done in collaboration with a power utility company, referred to as ‘Org X’ or ‘the CPO’. Influenced by the reasoning above, it investigated the opportunity to create indirect business values through a demand-driven roll-out of the national charging infrastructure with the use of crowdfunding. This was achieved by adopting an exploratory methodology approach, where a mixed inductive-deductive design was used. A multi-method qualitative data collection was made; consisting mainly of semi-structured-, and unstructured interviews with experts in the field. Thus, a profound perspective of the EV-charging market landscape was attained, which enabled adequate reasoning when proposing a strategy approach for the cause. Additionally, quantitative secondary data was used to develop a tool for an initial location evaluation, that is part of the recommended approach. This tool was also used to enhance the understanding of the national EV-charging market landscape, the customer segments, as well the potential market for a co-creating platform. The findings suggest that the perceived readiness level of crowdfunding charging infrastructure varies depending on what aspect that is being accommodated. A platform that connects stakeholders is encouraged by actors in the field, but crowdfunding through solely end-users is questioned as close proximity to the end-user’s location is a key-factor regarding motivation to fund a charging point. A ‘Tier based framework’, that facilitates this transition was therefore developed and evaluated. Additionally, the framework was considered in the market analysis case study, which further included a recommended implementation and communication approach. If used accordingly, this framework could bring both indirect- and direct business values to the power utility company in question, as well as the involved stakeholders.
Oro över energieffektiviseringar och miljökonsekvenser från utsläpp av växthusgaser världen över har främjat utvecklingen av ett hållbart energisystem. En framgångsrik marknadspenetration av elbilar (EVs) har en viktig roll i denna aspekt, men står fortfarande inför hinder där publik laddningsinfrastruktur är en del av problemet. Digitaliseringen leder till transformation och nya industrier vilket bidrar med ytterligare konstruktioner som används i övergången till ett mer hållbart samhälle. Samtidigt driver teknikutvecklingen till ökad konkurrens och har en kraftfull påverkan på vad kunderna förväntar sig från företagen. För att uppnå mer långsiktigt hållbara konkurrensfördelar måste företag sträva efter att behålla, upprätthålla och ta hand sin kundbas. Företag börjar förstå det ökade värde som finns i att utöva mer kundcentrerade incitament och strategier, vilket potentiellt bidrar till mer indirekta affärsvärden. Denna uppsats är i samarbete med ett Svenskt energiföretag, följaktligen refererat till som 'Org X' eller 'CPO'. Baserat på resonemanget ovan, har möjligheten att skapa indirekta affärsvärden genom verkställandet av en mer efterfrågedriven utveckling av den nationella elbilsladdning infrastruktur med hjälp av crowdfunding undersökts. Detta uppnåddes genom att använda ett utforskat tillvägagångssätt, där en blandad induktiv-deduktiv design användes. En kvalitativ datainsamling gjordes på flera sätt; huvudsakligen bestående av semistrukturerade och ostrukturerade intervjuer med experter inom området. Således uppnåddes ett djupgående perspektiv på av elbilsladdning marknaden vilket möjliggjorde sakliga resonemang kring den presenterade och rekommenderade strategin. Ytterligare användes kvantitativ sekundärdata för att utveckla ett verktyg för en initial plats bedömning, vilket är en del av den rekommenderade strategin. Detta verktyg användes dessutom för att öka förståelsen för den nationella elbilsladdning marknaden, kundsegmenten, liksom den potentiella marknaden för en samskapande plattform. Resultaten tyder på att den upplevda beredskapsnivån att crowdfunda laddningsinfrastruktur varierar beroende på plats och kundgrupp. En plattform som ansluter intressenter uppmuntras av aktörer på marknaden, men crowdfunding genom enbart slutanvändare ifrågasätts då närhet till slutanvändarens läge är en nyckelfaktor när det gäller motivationen att medverka i finansieringen. Därav har ett tier based framework utvecklats och presenterats, som bör underlätta transformationen mot en mer kunddriven affärsmöjlighet. Dessutom beaktades ramverket i fallstudien för marknadsanalysen, som ytterligare inkluderade en rekommenderad strategi för implementering och kommunikation. Om den används i enlighet bör ramverket ge både indirekta och direkta affärsvärden till det aktuella energi företaget, liksom till berörda intressenter.

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Johansson, Håkan, and Thomas Norman. "Hållbar väg till klimatmålet." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för Urbana Studier (US), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-42918.

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Samhället står inför stora utmaningar att begränsa klimatpåverkan till hållbara nivåer både globalt och nationellt. Transportsektorns klimatpåverkan är stor och vägtrafikens utsläpp dominerar. Utmaningarna är stora även för att nå annan ekologisk och social hållbarhet, inte minst vad gäller städer. Forskningen pekar generellt på att strategier för att begränsa klimatpåverkan kan bidra till social och ekologisk hållbarhet både genom minskad klimatpåverkan och genom åtgärderna i sig. Utsläppen från vägtrafiken kan minskas genom ett transporteffektivt samhälle, energieffektivare fordon och förnybar energi och framförallt genom en kombination av dessa. De frågor som vi ställer oss här är hur olika vägar att nå klimatmålet för transportsektorn påverkar social och ekologisk hållbarhet men också hur genomförbara dessa vägar är? För att få svar på detta utgår vi från tre olika scenarier som Trafikverket tagit fram och som alla når klimatmålet för vägtrafiken. Dessa scenarier kombinerar de tre sätten att minska utsläppen på olika vis med olika kombinationer av ekonomiska styrmedel. Scenarierna beskrivs utförligt och hållbarheten i dessa analyseras med stöd av vetenskaplig litteratur, facklitteratur och svenska rapporter från myndigheter inom området. Scenariernas genomförbarhet är också viktig. Vi undersöker om det går att genomföra scenarierna tekniskt, politiskt samt tids- och resursmässigt. Empirin hämtar vi genom en enkät och intervjuer med några kommuner och regioner i Sverige. Resultatet pekar på att ett scenario som bygger på att klimatmålet för transportsektorn nås genom elektrifiering och biodrivmedel sannolikt bidrar negativt till såväl social som ekologisk hållbarhet. Genom att komplettera ett sådant scenario med skatter på drivmedel och körd sträcka, så att trafikarbetet för personbil och lastbil minskar - kan scenariot bidra till ekologisk hållbarhet. Ett sådant scenario bidrar dock inte till social hållbarhet. För att bidra till både social hållbarhet och ekologisk hållbarhet behöver styrmedel för att minska biltrafiken i större utsträckning riktas mot staden samtidigt som åtgärder genomförs för att effektivisera och förbättra alternativen till personbilsresor och lastbilstransporter. Sett ur ett längre perspektiv bör även den väg som har möjligheter att hålla sig inom ekologisk och social hållbarhet också vara den väg som är mest genomförbar. Samtidigt kan konstateras att åtminstone delar av samhället inte slagit in på denna väg. Här behövs sannolikt både bättre kunskap och tydligare styrning för att hamna på rätt väg. En hållbar väg till klimatmålet.
Society faces major challenges in limiting emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) to sustainable levels both globally and nationally. The GHG emissions from the transport sector is large and road traffic emissions dominate. The challenges are also considerable for achieving other ecological and social sustainability, not least in terms of cities. Research generally indicates that strategies for limiting climate change can contribute to social and ecological sustainability both through reduced climate change and through the measures themselves. Emissions from road traffic can be reduced through a transport-efficient society (shift and avoid), more energy-efficient vehicles and renewable energy (biofuels and electricity) and, above all, through a combination of these. Our question is how different paths of achieving the climate objective for the transport sector affect social and ecological sustainability, but also how feasible these paths are? To get an answer to this, we start from three different scenarios that the Swedish Transport Administration has developed, and which all reach the climate objective for the transport sector. These scenarios combine the three ways to reduce emissions in different ways with different combinations of economic policy instruments. The scenarios are described in detail and their sustainability is analyzed with the support of scientific literature and Swedish reports from authorities in the subject area. The feasibility of the scenarios is also important. We investigate the possibility to implement the scenarios technically, politically and in terms of time and resources. Empirical data are obtained through a survey and interviews with some municipalities and regions in Sweden. The results indicate that a scenario reaching the climate objective through electrification and biofuels is likely to make a negative contribution to both social and ecological sustainability. Supplementing with taxes on fuel and mileage, so that the mileage for cars and trucks is reduced - can contribute to ecological sustainability. However, such a scenario does not contribute to social sustainability. In order to contribute to both social sustainability and ecological sustainability, policy instruments to reduce car traffic need to be directed towards the city to a larger extent, at the same time as measures are implemented in the society to improve logistics and to make alternatives to car and truck more attractive. In a longer perspective, a path that has the potential to stay within ecological and social sustainability should also be the path that is most feasible. At the same time, it can be stated that at least parts of society have not taken this path. Here, both better knowledge and policies are probably needed to get on the right path. A sustainable path to the climate goal.

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Gouda, Amr Ahmed Mohamed [Verfasser], Elke [Akademischer Betreuer] Pahl-Weber, Wulf-Holger [Akademischer Betreuer] Arndt, Houshmand E. [Akademischer Betreuer] Masoumi, Elke [Gutachter] Pahl-Weber, Omar [Gutachter] Elhosseiny, Wulf-Holger [Gutachter] Arndt, and Houshmand E. [Gutachter] Masoumi. "The viability of certification systems in actualizing sustainable urban development : a focus on mobility and urban form / Amr Ahmed Mohamed Gouda ; Gutachter: Elke Pahl-Weber, Omar Elhosseiny, Wulf-Holger Arndt, Houshmand E. Masoumi ; Elke Pahl-Weber, Wulf-Holger Arndt, Houshmand E. Masoumi." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1187830747/34.

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Gouda, Amr Ahmed Mohamed [Verfasser], Elke [Akademischer Betreuer] Pahl-Weber, Wulf-Holger Akademischer Betreuer] Arndt, Masoumi Houshmand [Akademischer Betreuer] [Ebrahimpour, Elke [Gutachter] Pahl-Weber, Omar [Gutachter] Elhosseiny, Wulf-Holger [Gutachter] Arndt, and Houshmand E. [Gutachter] Masoumi. "The viability of certification systems in actualizing sustainable urban development : a focus on mobility and urban form / Amr Ahmed Mohamed Gouda ; Gutachter: Elke Pahl-Weber, Omar Elhosseiny, Wulf-Holger Arndt, Houshmand E. Masoumi ; Elke Pahl-Weber, Wulf-Holger Arndt, Houshmand E. Masoumi." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1187830747/34.

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Matson, Jöran. "Towards Agenda 2030: Use of GIS in visualizing emissions from personal automobiles for evidence-based policy and planning." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-398218.

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Many countries have committed to goals of emission reductions outlined by the Paris Agreement. The actions and results seen thus far from national governments have been lackluster notwithstanding their good faith pledges. City governments have taken it upon themselves to pick up where their national governments have failed. A large portion of emissions are due to transportation. Individuals’ daily travel patterns are typically limited to within a relatively local area. As mobility patterns differ between cities, municipalities have a unique role in transitioning to a sustainable society that blanket policies by national governments cannot achieve. This results in a bottom-up approach in achieving national commitments to the Paris Agreement. In order to make effective policies and plans, municipalities should make decisions based on known information. Before reducing emissions, it must be known where and by whom the emissions are being produced. This report uses Uppsala as a case study to explore how GIS can be used to communicate and create an understanding between data scientists and politicians so that mitigation efforts can be evidencebased. The report results in several methods for visualizing personal automobile emissions based on registration data. The report continues in discussing some potential actions that can be taken to addressing the emissions from neighborhoods indicated as large contributors by the visualizations.

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Ribeiro, Ricardo Jorge de Almeida. "Cidade do futuro - visão do sistema-paisagem. Caso de estudo da cidade de Lisboa." Master's thesis, ISA, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3117.

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Mestrado em Arquitectura Paisagista - Instituto Superior de Agronomia
The city of the future should be seen as a system of systems interconnected by a continuous green structure, according to the ecological and cultural capability of the territory - urban ecological network.

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Suteerasan, Sutthi. "Blue-Green Infrastructure on the Move: How Resilience Concepts Travel Between Cities." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-292293.

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Over the past decades, the fast-changing global climate poses a significant challenge to many cities around the world to embrace resilience concepts, whereby a safe-to-fail planning approach replaces traditional fail-safe practices. The change in perspectives has seen an increase in climate-adapted infrastructural projects being integrated with the new urban planning agendas across the world. The investigation conducted was designed to understand the process of how resilience concepts travel between different cities, by investigating the actors who move policy knowledge, their roles in it, as well as the knowledge transfer process mechanism that is responsible for the movement of such policies. The investigation took advantage of a scoping study technique to answer the research questions, using mostly secondary data and an interview to verify the secondary sources. The findings and the discussion provided insights on who is involved in resilience policies and how these policies are transferred from one place to another. The investigation uncovered the influence policy mobilizers has on the movement of policy knowledge, as well as how the mobilization of policy knowledge can both be beneficial or detrimental, depending on the way it was moved or implemented.
Under de senaste decennierna utgör det snabba föränderliga globala klimatet en betydande utmaning för många städer runt om i världen med att anamma motståndskraftskoncept, där en planeringsstrategi med säkerhet att misslyckas ersätter traditionella felsäkra metoder. Förändringen i perspektiv har ökat klimatanpassade infrastrukturprojekten som integrerats med nya stadsplaneringsagendorna över hela världen. Studien genomfördes för att få en förståelse av hur motståndskraftskonceptet färdas mellan olika städer och detta genomfördes genom att undersöka de aktörer som förflyttar politisk kunskap och deras roller i den samt den kunskapsöverföringsmekanism som är ansvarig för rörelsen av sådan politik. Studien utnyttjade en scoping-studieteknik för att få svar på forskningsfrågorna, med mestadels sekundär data och en intervju för att verifiera sekundärkällorna. Resultaten och diskussionen gav insikter om vem som är inblandad i motståndskraft och hur policy överförs från en plats till en annan. Studien avslöjade även inflytande av politiskt mobilisering och kunskap som både kan vara fördelaktig eller skadlig beroende på hur den flyttades eller genomfördes.

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Le, Néchet Florent. "Approche multiscalaire des liens entre mobilité quotidienne, morphologie et soutenabilité des métropoles européennes : cas de Paris et de la région Rhin-Ruhr." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00576521.

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Les dynamiques urbaines consécutives à la baisse sur le temps long des coûts de transport conduisent à l'émergence de régions métropolitaines à l'urbanisation étalée, diffuse, polycentrique. Les enjeux actuels du développement soutenable soulèvent des questionnements sur l'aménagement des métropoles européennes, qui mêlent de multiples objectifs environnementaux, économiques et sociaux, à différentes échelles géographiques. Au travers de la construction d'indicateurs quantifiant les formes d'usage du sol, à plusieurs niveaux (communes françaises, bassins d'emplois, aires fonctionnelles, régions métropolitaines), des liens complexes sont mis en évidence entre types d'urbanisation, pratiques de mobilité quotidienne, et attributs de soutenabilité, co-produits sur le temps long par des choix de multiples acteurs urbains. Plusieurs bases de données sont mobilisées à cet effet : UITP, Audit Urbain, données nationales et régionales de France et d'Allemagne, ainsi qu'une base de données de densité de population, à une échelle géographique fine pour l'ensemble du continent européen (Agence Européenne de l'Environnement). En particulier, l'analyse des liens entre polycentrisme et consommation d'énergie due aux transport, en Ile-de-France et dans la région Rhin-Ruhr, conduit à des résultats nuancés, dans lesquels le coût de transport et la mutualisation des ressources énergétiques via des infrastructures de transport collectif performantes jouent un rôle important, au cœur des liens entre échelles spatiales de fonctionnement. L'aménagement de métropoles européennes soutenables passe sans doute par la compréhension des spécificités historiques de chaque territoire, et des multiples équilibres possibles entre villes, transport et environnement

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Huyghe, Marie. "Habiter les territoires ruraux. Comprendre les dynamiques spatiales et sociales à l'oeuvre, évaluer les perspectives d'évolution des pratiques de mobilité des ménages." Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR1805/document.

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« Le rural n’existe plus », annoncent certains chercheurs au vu de l’urbanisation généralisée des territoires ou de la disparition des spécificités sociologique ou économique des campagnes. Pourtant, le « rural » est encore présent dans les discours politiques, dans les représentations des ménages, dans la littérature scientifique actuelle. Qu’est-ce que le rural aujourd’hui ? A partir d’une approche compréhensive et inductive, notre recherche analyse les déterminants permettant de comprendre les pratiques spatiales, les relations sociales ou les formes d’appartenance territoriale des ménages ; elle met en évidence l’influence sur les modes d’habiter ruraux du territoire et du profil des ménages. La thèse aborde également la question de l’évolution du dynamisme démographique et économique des territoires ruraux dans un contexte de durcissement probable des conditions de mobilité des ménages. Elle s’intéresse aux marges de manoeuvre des populations rurales, au potentiel d’évolution de leurs pratiques de mobilité vers des pratiques moins dépendantes de la voiture. A partir d’une expérimentation de recherche-action elle met en évidence le rôle du levier « accompagnement personnalisé » et apporte des éléments prescriptifs en faveur de politiques globales de mobilité
What is rural today? Based on a comprehensive and inductive approach of the rural households’ ways of living, our research shows the influence of the rural area’s features and of the households’ profile (in particular their spatial origin, their seniority in the area and their life project) on their daily practices. They are underlain by easy and cheap car-mobility, which could evolve as a result of three phenomena (rarefaction of fossil energy; stronger injunctions to sustainable development; public policies that incite to develop only the territories that are served by public transport). Our research evaluates the households’ leeway in terms of mobility practices and their potential for transition towards more sustainable practices. Thanks to the analysis of an action-research project we highlight the role of a lever of “personalized accompaniment” in terms of behavioral evolution and propose some prescriptive elements in favor of global mobility policies

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Yeh, Chao-Fu. "Intermodalité et coûts des déplacements urbains dans les mégapoles. Les cas de Paris, Shanghai et Taipei." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00424046.

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La recherche d'une mobilité plus durable constitue aujourd'hui un souci partagé chez les responsables des grandes villes du monde, qui doivent alléger la pression des transports sur l'espace (congestion), la qualité de vie (nuisances, accidents), l'environnement (émissions de CO2) en maintenant leur capacité de développement et en préservant ou améliorant leur cohésion sociale. C'est le cas sur nos terrains d'étude, qui sont l'Île-de-France, Shanghai et Taipei. Cette recherche de durabilité s'inscrit dans un contexte historique, géographique et culturel, qui prédétermine l'état de la mobilité et de ses évolutions sur les territoires. Notre première partie est consacrée à l'analyse de la mobilité et de ses dynamiques sur ces trois terrains. Les moyens d'aller vers cette durabilité peuvent reposer sur le progrès technologique, la planification urbaine, la tarification des systèmes et les évolutions d'usage des modes. Des transferts des modes individuels vers le transport public sont généralement considérés comme souhaitables, et le développement de transport intermodal est une des conditions de ce développement. Notre travail distingue fortement le bus et le rail dans les modes collectifs, et le vélo, les deux-roues motorisés et la voiture dans les modes individuels. Il porte sur les perspectives de transfert modal et le rôle potentiel de l'intermodalité. Ces perspectives dépendent de trois types de coûts : les coûts qualifiés d'" externes ", qui motivent le besoin de plus de durabilité ; les coûts pour l'usager, qui déterminent largement ses comportements ; les coûts d'investissement et d'exploitation des systèmes, dont une part souvent importante est financée par les pouvoirs publics et les impôts. La caractérisation théorique, la modélisation et l'évaluation empirique de ces coûts pour les trois terrains d'étude sont l'objet de la partie II. La comparaison des coûts par voyageur-km entre modes individuels et modes collectifs fait apparaître qu'aucun ne peut être meilleur que les autres sur les trois postes de coûts, et que les différences dépendent de plus des types de déplacements (longueurs, origines-destinations, etc.). La partie III est de nature plus prospective. Elle présente d'une part les schémas de développement des territoires et des transports adoptés par les responsables de ces territoires. Elle explore d'autre part les capacités à aller vers une mobilité plus durable à partir des comparaisons issues de nos territoires et des évaluations de coûts menées dans la partie II. Deux politiques importantes sont explorées : les politiques de stationnement et les politiques de tarification des transport publics ; Les travaux présentés dans ce mémoire de thèse ont pour but de contribuer au développement de ce modèle d'évaluation des coûts de déplacement et d'une méthode de diagnostic permettant de proposer des visions des transports dans le cadre de développement durable et d'orienter les politiques de déplacement vers plus de durabilité et d'intermodalité.

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Ribeiro, Fernando Henrique Silva. "Expans?o urbana e mobilidade: planejando cidades multimodais." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas, 2017. http://tede.bibliotecadigital.puc-campinas.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/917.

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Submitted by SBI Biblioteca Digital (sbi.bibliotecadigital@puc-campinas.edu.br) on 2017-03-13T11:41:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FERNANDO HENRIQUE SILVA RIBEIRO.pdf: 5154598 bytes, checksum: 867c7a891e599c9bd9e1381c69482488 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-13T11:41:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FERNANDO HENRIQUE SILVA RIBEIRO.pdf: 5154598 bytes, checksum: 867c7a891e599c9bd9e1381c69482488 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-01-23
Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas ? PUC Campinas
This study has evaluated the condition of the urban mobility in the city of Campinas, Paulo, Brazit. through the application of the tool Index of Sustainable Urban Mobi!?ty (I_SUM), enabling the identification of criticai indicators of urban mobility that should be prioritized by the public administration. Throughout the development of the study, the results of the application of the tool were cornplemented with the analysis of the urban expansion pattern to verify its influence on the city's travei behaviour in order to establ?sh a correlation between expansion and urban mobility. The definition of the urban mobility scenario for Campinas allowed to determine how the guidelines establ?shed until then influenced rnobitity, as well as to enable the identification of criticai indicators that more broadly address the guidelines regarding mobllity, complementing the guidelines defined by the public administration. It was to identify, in Campinas, an evident dependence on the use of cars, as a result of the settlement pattern, which requires the car for travelinq, since there is no prioritization of collective transportation, in addition to the incentive to acquire cars. The cross-checking of the data showed the dose relationship that urban planning and transportation system planning should have in order to harmonize the relationship between settlement patterns and travei behaviour, highlighting the role of prioritization of collective medes and non-rnotorized medes, in order to democratize access to urban space.
O estudo avaliou a condi??o da mobilidade urbana em Campinas atrav?s da aplica??o da ferramenta IMUS (?ndice de Mobilidade Urbana Sustent?vel), possibilitando a identifica??o dos indicadores cr?ticos da mobilidade urbana que devem ser priorizados pela administra??o p?blica. Ao longo do desenvolvimento do trabalho. os resultados da aplica??o da ferramenta foram complementados com a an?lise do padr?o de expans?o urbana de Campinas para verificar sua influ?ncia no padr?o de deslocamento da cidade, a fim de estabelecer uma correla??o entre expans?o e mobilidade urbana. A defini??o do panorama de mobilidade urbana para Campinas permitiu determinar como as diretrizes at? ent?o estabelecidas influenciaram na mobilidade, al?m de possibilitar a identifica??o de indicadores cr?ticos, que abordam de forma mais ampla as diretrizes em rela??o a mobilidade, complementando as diretrizes definidas pela administra??o p?blica. Foi poss?vel identificar, em Campinas, uma evidente depend?ncia do uso do autom?vel, tanto em decorr?ncia do padr?o de ocupa??o, que exige o autom?vel para deslocamentos, uma vez que n?o existe uma prioriza??o do transporte coletivo. tanto pelos incentivos para aquisi??o do autom?vel. O cruzamento dos dados permitiu evidenciar a estreita rela??o que o planejamento urbano e o planejamento do sistema de transporte devem ter para harmonizar a rela??o entre os padr?es de assentamento e os padr?es de deslocamento, democratizando o acesso ao espa?o urbano.

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Meite, Youssouf. "Gouvernance du transport urbain et mobilité durable dans le district d'Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG009/document.

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A Abidjan, l’offre de transport urbain, dominée par de petites unités artisanales aux côtés des modes de transports de masse de la société publique reste insuffisante pour une population urbaine sans cesse croissante. Le système de transport urbain se caractérise par des infrastructures peu adaptées et dégradées avec un niveau important de pollution de l’air. L’analyse des relations transactionnelles entre les parties prenantes met en lumière des conflits de compétences dans la gouvernance de la mobilité urbaine. Ces conflits, constituant des sources de blocage dans la régulation officielle, conduisent à une mauvaise coordination des actions et donnent lieu à la mise en place spontanée d’une régulation parallèle (menée par les syndicats de transporteurs) dans les gares urbaines. Malgré ces contraintes et limites, cette mobilité peut s’inscrire dans une logique de durabilité et répondre à un besoin social de déplacement de la population d’autant plus qu’elle présente des potentiels de développement que seule la volonté de l’ensemble des acteurs peut faire émerger
In Abidjan, the supply of urban transport, dominated by small -scale units alongside modes of mass transit public company remains insufficient for a growing urban population. The urban transport system is characterized by low adapted and degraded infrastructure with a high level of air pollution. Analysis of transactional relationships among stakeholders highlights conflicts of jurisdiction in the governance of urban mobility. These conflicts, which constitute sources of blockage in the official regulation, lead to uncoordinated actions and give rise to the spontaneous creation of a parallel regulation (by the transport unions) in urban stations. Despite these constraints and limitations, this mobility can be part of a logic of sustainability and meet a social need for movement of people especially as it has development potential that only the willingness of all stakeholders can emerge

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Sghaier, Manel. "Combinaison des techniques d’optimisation et de l’intelligence artificielle distribuée pour la mise en place d’un système de covoiturage dynamique." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ECLI0021/document.

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Dans le but de remédier aux problèmes aujourd’hui omniprésents dans le secteur du transport, qu’ils soient financiers, environnementaux ou autres, nous nous intéressons à l’établissement d’un système de covoiturage dynamique optimisé. La voiture partagée est venue subvenir à des besoins restés insatisfaits en matière de déplacement (flexibilité spatiotemporelle…) encourageant l’émergence d’un mode de transport révolutionnaire qu’est la comodalité. Le focus est alors mis sur la complémentarité entre les modes collectifs et individuels et vient considérer la voiture partagée et plus particulièrement le covoiturage comme des modes de transport à part entière. Placés dans ce cadre, nous nous intéressons à l’aspect temps réel dans les systèmes de covoiturage et développons nos travaux dans ce sens. Ce problème ayant une complexité qui n’est pas des moindres, tous nos efforts sont dirigés dans le but de contrecarrer cet obstacle et mettre en œuvre une application logicielle compétitive à grande échelle offrant satisfaction et qualité de service. Pour ce faire, nous considérons une alliance des systèmes multi-agents et des techniques d’optimisation donnant lieu à des agents optimisateurs répartis selon une modélisation de graphe dynamique distribué. Celui-ci est établi sur la base d’un principe de décomposition du réseau géographique desservi inspiré des techniques de classification pour la mise en exergue des zones de concentration des abonnés. Cette modélisation favorise le traitement parallèle des requêtes de par la décentralisation et décomposition du processus initial sur une multitude d’agents optimisateurs chargés chacun d’une ou plusieurs tâches de moindre complexité
In an attempt to address the transportation problems now ubiquitous, may them be financial, environmental or any, we are mainly involved with the establishment of a dynamic optimized carpooling service. Shared cars came to remedy these problems and meet the longtime remained unsatisfied needs (spatiotemporal flexibility…) and so promote the comodal practice. The stress is then put on the complementarity between collective and individual means of transportation and comes to confirm the shared car and more particularly the carpooling as a transport mode as a whole. Based on this, we are mainly interested in setting up a real time ridesharing service providing the needed efficiency in such a context. In fact, the problem we tackle has a complexity of exponential order which must be wiped out preventing from adverse impacts. Blending the agent paradigm with the optimization technics helped reach our goals of implementing a large-scale competitive and fully automated support and providing the necessary efficiency and quality of service. The proposed alliance is realized through communicating optimizing agents spread according to a distributed dynamic graph modeling. The latter is established through a subdivision process of the served geographic network and has been inspired from clustering technics to put the stress on limited and intersecting areas of high density. This helps to promote the parallel requests treatment over a decentralized process. Thus, each optimizing agent firstly manage the requests parts included within the zone it is responsible for and then recompose global responses in coalition with concerned agents in a distributed artificial intelligence context

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Saliba, Alouisia. "Mobilité et écologie urbaine à Beyrouth. Vers une approche durable des politiques de mobilité au Liban." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLD004.

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La présente thèse cherche une nouvelle approche de la mobilité à Beyrouth, à travers une étude de l’écologie urbaine. L’objet principal est de déterminer les obstacles auxquelles fait face la mobilité dans cette ville et de trouver : quelles influences ont les qualités spatiales sur les pratiques de mobilité à Beyrouth ? L’étude consiste en un croisement entre la notion d’architecture par l’analyse de l’environnement bâti, la notion de paysage en ayant recours aux expériences sensori-motrices et la notion sociale par l’étude des pratiques de mobilité des beyrouthins. Nous avons développé la méthodologie de recherche à partir d’une synthèse des projets et des études contemporains de la mobilité. La thèse est répartie en trois parties essentielles. Au départ, une étude du contexte urbain de la ville de Beyrouth englobe l’analyse rétrospective de l’infrastructure routière, ainsi que l’étude des différentes pratiques de mobilité. La deuxième partie, envisage le rôle des acteurs publics et privés de la mobilité. Nous avons ainsi formulé une interprétation des projets de mobilité actuels et en cours d’étude. La dernière partie de la thèse représente trois études de cas, de zones à caractère social et à formes urbaines distinctes. Par l’intermédiaire des analyses cartographiques et d’une enquête sociale, l’étude paysagère et sociale sont explicites.Les résultats de la recherche, se résument en trois idées centrales. Premièrement, la volonté politique et une bonne gouvernance prennent un rôle fondamental des stratégies durables de la mobilité. Ensuite, les études du site ont démontré l’intérêt du travail sur les multiples échelles de la mobilité, afin de limiter la congestion. Alors que l’influence de l’environnement urbain sur les pratiques de mobilité, promeut l’utilisation des ambiances urbaines pour favoriser les déplacements doux. Une mobilité écologique impulsera l’attractivité et sensibilisera l’hospitalité dans Beyrouth
The present thesis pursues a new approach regarding mobility in Beirut, through a study of the urban ecology. The main concern is to define the obstacles that the mobility is facing in this city, and to find out: what influences do spatial qualities have on mobility practices in Beirut? The study consists of a cross between the notion of architecture by the analysis of the built environment, the notion of landscape through senses and movement experiences and the social notion by the study of Beirut citizen’s mobility practices. We have developed the research methodology from a synthesis of contemporary mobility, projects and studies. The thesis is divided into three main parts. To start, a study of Beirut urban context includes a retrospective analysis of road infrastructure, as well as the study of the different mobility practices. The second part considers the role of public and private stakeholders. We have thus formulated an interpretation of current and ongoing mobility projects. The final part of the thesis represents three case studies of distinct social and urban forms areas of Beirut. Landscape and social studies are exposed through social survey and mapping.The results of this research, summed up in three key ideas. First, political will and good governance play a fundamental role in implementing sustainable mobility strategies. Secondly, site survey demonstrated the interest of working on the multiple scales of mobility, in order to limit the congestion. Whereas, the influence of urban environment on mobility practices, promotes use of urban environments to favor soft modes of transport. Eco-friendly mobility will stimulate attractiveness and will promote hospitality in Beirut

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Bocarejo, Juan Pablo. "Évaluation économique de l'impact des politiques publiques liées à la mobilité : les cas de Paris, Londres, Bogotá et Santiago." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00937668.

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Bien que les caractéristiques économiques, de l'offre, de la demande et de l'implantation territoriale soient différentes dans chaque cas, les politiques liées à la mobilité à Paris, Londres, Bogotá et Santiago partent de la conviction commune d' un excès de circulation automobile qui est à l'origine d'externalités intolérables ; nuisances environnementales dans le cas de Paris et Santiago et congestion dans les cas de Bogotá et Londres principalement. Les interventions mises en place montrent une forte décision de la part des pouvoirs publics de s'attaquer à ses nuisances. Dans le cas de Londres, l'analyse économique des politiques se centre sur les effets du péage de congestion dans le centre de Londres. Le suivi, très détaillé, de la part des autorités londoniennes permet de confirmer un succès technique et politique. Cependant, le coût de collecte du péage est supérieur aux bénéfices économiques. A Paris, la mise en place des couloirs bus comme mesure de diminution de l'espace de la voiture, supporté par un système de TC de qualité, permet de diminuer son utilisation. Cependant la circulation ralentit. Le bilan économique est négatif, ce qui ne semble pas nuire au succès politique. A Bogota, le bilan économique est mitigé. L'amélioration des TC avec la mise en place de Transmilenio apporte des bénéfices importants. Cependant, l'interdiction de circulation crée une désutilité pour une minorité. Finalement, pour Santiago, les informations disponibles ne permettent pas d'être concluant. Cependant, le succès des autoroutes à péage et les problèmes de Transantiago font que le report modal se soit accentué vers une forte croissance de l'automobile. Des questions sur la pertinence de l'évaluation économique comme instrument d'évaluation de politiques de développement durable et l'utilisation d'autres démarches sont aussi développées dans cette recherche.

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Stenlund, Miranda, and Maricar Joy Tuazon. "The Role of Taxation in the Fulfilment of Human Rights and Sustainable Development : The Obligation to Mobilize Resources." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-76626.

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Ibinga, Kery Juladys Joëlle. "Les chemins d'une éducation à l'écocitoyenneté. Discours et pratiques de l'écomobilité scolaire : l'exemple du "Pédibus" en Metropole Rouen Normandie." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR153/document.

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L’écomobilité en milieu scolaire, étudiée à travers le Pédibus ou walking school bus, système de ramassage pédestre organisant bénévolement le trajet domicile-école à l’initiative des parents, peut questionner l’éducation relative à l’environnement (ERE) et l’éducation au développement durable (EDD). S’inscrivant à la suite des travaux de Lucie Sauvé, Sandrine Depeau, Alain Legardez, Angela Barthes, Marie-Louise Martinez et Jean-Marc Lange, les analyses ont cherché à montrer comment la pratique du Pédibus peut devenir un enjeu éducatif qui touche aux finalités de l’éducation : « construire des savoirs », « construire une identité de sujet et de citoyen », « devenir une personne responsable évoluant au sein d’une communauté ». Le point de départ a été d’interroger la façon dont le discours véhiculé par les textes officiels, dont les grandes déclarations onusiennes fondatrices du développement durable (DD), voient en l’école le lieu fondamental de la formation des esprits conscients et responsables. A ces discours prônant une réforme par le haut, la thèse a mis en regard les discours des acteurs du Pédibus en Métropole Rouen Normandie, recueillis entre 2016 et 2018, afin de montrer comment s’articule un discours écocitoyen, inscrit dans un processus de réforme par la base et par l’action quotidienne. S’inspirant des études sur l’écocitoyenneté, en particulier des travaux de Marie-Louise Martinez, l’analyse interlocutive des discours a mis en évidence la constitution d’une conscience écocitoyenne et l’émergence d’une personne écoresponsable, inscrite dans son milieu urbain et naturel, ainsi que dans son milieu social (rue, quartier, ville). Par ailleurs, cette thèse constitue la première monographie universitaire consacrée au Pédibus, incluant un état de la recherche inspiré de divers pays et de domaines différents (sciences de l’éducation, médecine, sociologie, géographie) concernés par le « car-à-pattes », à l’origine des principaux types de discours portant sur un objet complexe (discours sécuritaire, hygiéniste, sociétal, environnemental). Conformément à la nature même d’un processus d’apprentissage dénué de curriculum et dont la compréhension peut s’inspirer des travaux de l’éco-ontogénèse dans l’esprit de Tom Berryman, les relations entre apprentissage non formel et apprentissage formel ont été interrogées, d’autant que les élèves concernés relèvent du « cycle des observations » et du « cycle de consolidation » de l’école primaire. Sur ces bases, la thèse a formulé des pistes de remédiation, susceptibles de renforcer la synergie entre éducation non formelle et éducation formelle d’une part, et de contribuer à la multiplication et à la pérennisation des lignes de Pédibus d’autre part, très engagée depuis des décennies dans les « déplacements doux », pourrait servir de modèle dans le domaine de l’écomobilité
Eco-mobility in connection with schools, studied through the Walking School Bus, a pedestrian collecting system that voluntarily organizes the home-school journey for young pupils at the initiative of some parents, can raise questions about environmental education (EE) and education for sustainable development (ESD). Following the work of Lucie Sauvé, Sandrine Depeau, Alain Legardez, Angela Barthes, Marie-Louise Martinez and Jean-Marc Lange, the analyses sought to show how the practice of the Walking School Bus can become an educational issue that touches on the aims of education: "building knowledge", "building an identity as a subject and a citizen", "becoming a responsible person evolving within a community". The starting point was to question how the discourse conveyed by official texts, including the major UN declarations founding sustainable development (SD), see schools as the fundamental place for the training of conscious and responsible minds. To these discourses advocating a reform from above, the thesis compared the discourses of the actors of the Walking School Bus in Rouen Normandy Metropolis, collected between 2016 and 2018, in order to show how an eco-citizen discourse is articulated, as part of a reform process from the bottom up, and through daily action. Inspired by studies on eco-citizenship, in particular the work of Marie-Louise Martinez, the interlocutory analysis of the discourses highlighted the creation of an eco-citizen awareness and the emergence of an eco-responsible person, inscribed in its urban and natural environment, as well as in its social environment (street, neighborhood, city). Moreover, this thesis is the first university monograph devoted to the Walking School Bus, including a state of research inspired by various countries and different fields of science (educational sciences, medicine, sociology, geography) concerned by the WSB, at the origin of the main types of discourse on a complex subject (safety, hygienist, societal, environmental discourse). In accordance with the very nature of a curriculum-free learning process whose understanding can be inspired by the work of eco-ontogenesis in Tom Berryman's mind, the relationship between non-formal and formal learning was questioned, especially because the pupils concerned fall within the "observation cycle" and the "consolidation cycle" of primary school. On this basis, the thesis formulated remedial approaches that could strengthen the synergy between non-formal and formal education on the one hand, and contribute to the multiplication and sustainability of the Walking School Bus lines on the other hand. Rouen Normandy Metropolis, which has been very much involved for decades in "soft mobility", could serve as a model in the field of eco-mobility

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Maštálka, Martin. "Územně promítnutelné indikátory udržitelného rozvoje." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233211.

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The aim of the thesis was to analyse indicators and data sets used in the field of sustainable spatial plannig. On the base of the analyses there were spatial indicators of the sustainable development designed. The basic condition to design new indicators it was the accessibility to the elementary datas. The other condition was to design very simply methodology that could be use also for measuring in very small location. The thesis designed idnicators in three main areas of the spatial planning: • landuse, • accessibility of the services, • inner city/town/village traffic. One of the demands for the new indicators set was it´s efficiency for all kinds of the cities in the Czech Republic. This demand was fullfilled by the 3 level methodolgy – the main indicator was measurable for all kinds of settlemets – small villages, small and middle towns and also for cities. The basic methodology (for small villages) was very simple. Indicators were computed from very easy accesible data sets. And this methodology could also be used for larger settlements without any problems. The second level – for small and middle towns – sometimes needs special surveys or special hardware and software. The top of the pyramid is the methodology for cities. In this level there are used detailed analyses and computing methods. The thesis designes the methodology and also checks the practical application up.

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Mahieux, Aurélie. "Economic assessment of strategic transport policies in a context of sustainable development : which innovative solutions ? : Application to the Syndicat Mixte des Transports Artois-Gohelle area." Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL12020/document.

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Cette thèse étudie les comportements de mobilité dans un territoire spécifique du Nord de la France, dans le but de proposer des outils économiques afin d’encourager la population à adopter des comportements de mobilité plus durables. Nous examinons les effets directs et induits d’une nouvelle infrastructure de transport public, c'est-à-dire sur la demande de transport et sur la croissance économique. Pour ce faire, cette thèse est divisée en quatre articles. Le premier article présente les caractéristiques du territoire et les comportements de mobilité actuels grâce à l’étude de deux Enquêtes Ménages Déplacements disponibles sur ce territoire. Nous observons une forte inertie dans les comportements de déplacements. Le second article analyse les déterminants de cette inertie par une approche qualitative. Neuf groupes de discussion ont été menés avec une attention particulière vers les personnes ayant des problèmes de mobilité. Dans le troisième article, nous menons une analyse économétrique des déterminants du choix modal des individus sur ce territoire. Elle vise à comprendre les politiques de transport à mettre en œuvre pour avoir un réel impact sur les comportements de mobilité. Le quatrième article évalue les effets socio-économiques induits par cette nouvelle infrastructure de transport. Cette infrastructure amène à de faibles gains d’agglomération. Ces gains deviennent encore plus négligeables quand la pollution induite par cette infrastructure est prise en compte. Cette thèse remet en cause une telle infrastructure car elle n’affecte pas les comportements de mobilité et ne génère pas d’importantes créations de richesse. D’autres solutions de mobilité sont nécessaires
This thesis deals with the mobility patterns of a specific/given territory, in the North of France. The aim is to offer economic tools that will encourage people to adopt more sustainable travel behaviors. This paper investigates the direct and induced effects of a new public transport (PT) infrastructure on the transport demand as well as on the economic growth. In order to carry out the review, this thesis has been divided into four essays. The first one presents the characteristics of the territory. It consists of a quantitative analysis of current mobility behaviors based on the two existing Household Travel Surveys for this territory. We note a kind of inertia in the mobility behaviors of the population. The second article deals with the determinants of this inertia, using a quantitative analysis based on nine focus groups, and more specifically on people who have limited transport solutions. In the third essay, the qualitative analysis is completed with an econometric study. Thus, we choose to highlight the main determinants of individuals’ modal choices in this territory to determine which PT policies will impact the most mobility behaviors. The fourth essay comprises an assessment of the socio-economic impacts generated by the new transport infrastructure. Such an infrastructure is expected to generate low agglomeration gains. We found that those become almost negligible when local pollution, induced by this infrastructure, is accounted for. This infrastructure is put into question. Indeed, while it does not affect mobility behaviors, it does not generate significant wealth creation either. Other mobility solutions are thus needed

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sustainable mobility development'

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