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Journal articles on the topic 'Sustainable sanitation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Manisha, Manjari. "Sustainable sanitation for India." Journal of Public Health Policy 37, no. 1 (2015): 121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/jphp.2015.35.

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2

Mara, Duncan, Jan-Olof Drangert, Nguyen Viet Anh, Andrzej Tonderski, Holger Gulyas, and Karin Tonderski. "Selection of sustainable sanitation arrangements." Water Policy 9, no. 3 (2007): 305–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2007.009.

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To meet the Millennium Development Goal for sanitation around 440,000 people will have to be provided with adequate sanitation every day during 2001–2015, and the corresponding figure to meet the WHO/UNICEF target of “sanitation for all” by 2025 is around 480,000 people per day during 2001–2025. The provision of sanitation services to such huge numbers necessitates action on an unprecedented scale. This is made even more difficult by the general lack of knowledge on the part of professionals and the intended beneficiaries about which sanitation arrangement is the most appropriate under which c

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3

Kerr, Charles. "Sustainable water and sanitation projects." Waterlines 8, no. 4 (1990): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/0262-8104.1990.010.

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4

Langergraber, Guenter. "Are constructed treatment wetlands sustainable sanitation solutions?" Water Science and Technology 67, no. 10 (2013): 2133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.122.

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The main objective of sanitation systems is to protect and promote human health by providing a clean environment and breaking the cycle of disease. In order to be sustainable, a sanitation system has to be not only economically viable, socially acceptable and technically and institutionally appropriate, but it should also protect the environment and the natural resources. ‘Resources-oriented sanitation’ describes the approach in which human excreta and water from households are recognized as resource made available for reuse. Nowadays, ‘resources-oriented sanitation’ is understood in the same

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5

Rosemarin, A. "Sustainable sanitation and water in small urban centres." Water Science and Technology 51, no. 8 (2005): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0238.

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The objective of this paper is to review the global trends in urbanization with respect to availability of adequate sanitation and water supply services. Urbanization is unrelenting and rapid increase in the urban population in the less developed countries is of major global concern regarding this topic of sustainable sanitation and water. Most global urban growth is in the smaller cities and in the developing world. Half the urban developing world lacks adequate water and sanitation. Global urban access to waterborne sanitation is not affordable and thus is not a realistic option so alternati

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6

Sanders, Mark. "Sustainable sanitation: fertiliser from human waste." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Waste and Resource Management 168, no. 3 (2015): 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/warm.14.00004.

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7

Mangkoedihardjo, Sarwoko. "Three Platforms for Sustainable Environmental Sanitation." Current World Environment 9, no. 2 (2014): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.9.2.05.

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8

Moe, Christine L., and Richard D. Rheingans. "Global challenges in water, sanitation and health." Journal of Water and Health 4, S1 (2006): 41–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2006.0043.

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The year 2005 marks the beginning of the “International Decade for Action: Water for Life” and renewed effort to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to reduce by half the proportion of the world's population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and sanitation by 2015. Currently, UNICEF and WHO estimate that 1.1 billion people lack access to improved water supplies and 2.6 billion people lack adequate sanitation. Providing safe water and basic sanitation to meet the MDGs will require substantial economic resources, sustainable technological solutions and courageous poli

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9

Susanti, Rina, Rifardi Rifardi, and Yoskar Kadarisman. "Peran Masyarakat dalam Pencapaian Target Sustainable Development Goals Desa Layak Air Bersih dan Sanitasi." Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) 3, no. 3 (2021): 1253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v3i3.535.

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The article aims to analyze the forms of role of community in the efforts to support the attainment of Sustainable Development Goals Village of clean water and sanitation. The study used perspective review over community participation by Keith Davis to take an approach over the problem. The data were collected through documentation and filling in the questionnaires by 158 households of Talontam village. The data were analyzed by using quantitative descriptive approach. The result of the study showed that to attain the sixth of Sustainable Development Goals village community who did not have ac

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10

Kasulo, Victor, Rochelle Holm, Mavuto Tembo, Wales Singini, and Joshua Mchenga. "Enhancing sustainable sanitation through capacity building and rural sanitation marketing in Malawi." Environment, Development and Sustainability 22, no. 1 (2018): 201–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10668-018-0191-2.

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11

Katukiza, A. Y., M. Ronteltap, C. B. Niwagaba, J. W. A. Foppen, F. Kansiime, and P. N. L. Lens. "Sustainable sanitation technology options for urban slums." Biotechnology Advances 30, no. 5 (2012): 964–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.02.007.

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12

Lüthi, Christoph, Jennifer McConville, Anna Norström, et al. "Rethinking Sustainable Sanitation for the Urban Domain." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2010, no. 2 (2010): 449–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864710798285363.

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13

Brands, Edwin. "Prospects and challenges for sustainable sanitation in developed nations: a critical review." Environmental Reviews 22, no. 4 (2014): 346–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/er-2013-0082.

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Serious sanitation challenges are not confined to developing nations. Infrastructure costs, nutrient losses and related ubiquitous surface water impairments, energy demands, and sludge disposal problems have led many to question the long-term sustainability of conventional centralized sanitation in developed nations. Such concerns have resulted in the development of a body of literature and practices aimed at making sanitation more sustainable. This paper has two major aims: (i) provide a representative multidisciplinary (including engineering, natural sciences, and social sciences) synthesis

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14

Starkl, Markus, Norbert Brunner, Andreas Werner Helmut Hauser, Magdalena Feil, and Hamanth Kasan. "Addressing Sustainability of Sanitation Systems." International Journal of Standardization Research 16, no. 1 (2018): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsr.2018010103.

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Recently, a technical draft of the international standard ISO/DIS 30500 for non-sewered sanitation systems has been developed (publication expected for 2018). Its innovative feature is the inclusion of sustainable aspects. This article discusses the motivation behind this standard and explores to what extent sustainability can be standardized. This research was based on the development of a concept-standard for sustainable sanitation and on surveys of experts working in sanitation and standardization.

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15

Okurut, K., R. N. Kulabako, P. Abbott, et al. "Access to improved sanitation facilities in low-income informal settlements of East African cities." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 5, no. 1 (2014): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2014.029.

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Throughout Africa, the population in urban areas is increasing rapidly, often exceeding the capacity and the resources of the cities and towns to accommodate the people. In sub-Saharan Africa, the majority of urban dwellers live in informal settlements served by inadequate sanitation facilities. These settlements present unique challenges to the provision of sustainable and hygienic sanitation, and there is insufficient information on access to improved facilities. This paper reports findings of a study undertaken in low-income informal settlements using a mixed methods approach to assess acce

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16

Evans, Barbara, Andrés Hueso, Richard Johnston, et al. "Limited services? The role of shared sanitation in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 7, no. 3 (2017): 349–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2017.023.

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Target 6.2 of the Sustainable Development Goals calls for universal access to sanitation by 2030. The associated indicator is the population using ‘safely managed’ sanitation services. Shared sanitation is classified as a ‘limited’ sanitation service and some donors and governments are reluctant to invest in it, as it will not count towards achieving Target 6.2. This could result in poor citizens in dense slums being left out of any sanitation improvements, while efforts are diverted towards better-off areas where achieving ‘safely managed’ sanitation is easier. There are sound reasons for lab

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17

Rosenqvist, Tanja, Cynthia Mitchell, and Juliet Willetts. "A short history of how we think and talk about sanitation services and why it matters." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 6, no. 2 (2016): 298–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2016.118.

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How we think and talk about sanitation services has changed. The very notion of a sanitation service has been transformed from one focused on technology to one focused on the sustainability of the wider sanitation system. This paper explores the transformation from technology to system by drawing from a review of more than 200 pieces of literature published between 1970 and 2015. Seven prevalent perspectives on sanitation service provision are introduced: sanitation services as a basic human need; increasing service coverage through appropriate technology; the emergence of community-participat

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18

Jimenez, B., J. A. Barrios, J. M. Mendez, and J. Diaz. "Sustainable sludge management in developing countries." Water Science and Technology 49, no. 10 (2004): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0656.

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Worldwide, unsanitary conditions are responsible for more than three million deaths annually. One of the reasons is the low level of sanitation in developing countries. Particularly, sludge from these regions has a high parasite concentration and low heavy metal content even though the available information is limited. Different issues needed to achieve a sustainable sludge management in developing nations are analysed. Based on this analysis some conclusions arise: sludge management plays an important role in sanitation programs by helping reduce health problems and associated risks; investme

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19

Mara, Duncan, and Barbara Evans. "The sanitation and hygiene targets of the sustainable development goals: scope and challenges." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 8, no. 1 (2017): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2017.048.

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Abstract The sanitation target of the Sustainable Development Goals is that everyone should have a ‘safely-managed’ sanitation facility by 2030 and that open defecation be eliminated. The scale of this target is unprecedently large: ∼5.6 billion additional people will require safely-managed sanitation by 2030 (∼1 million per day), and ∼1.3 billion people will need to switch from open to fixed-defecation in a sanitation facility by 2030 (240,000 per day). Safely-managed shared sanitation and container-based sanitation are both likely to be part of the solution, particularly in urban slums. The

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20

Boydell, Robert. "Making rural water supply and sanitation projects sustainable." Waterlines 18, no. 1 (1999): 2–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/0262-8104.1999.026.

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21

Manisha, Manjari. "Sustainable sanitation in India: Need of the hour." Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 20, no. 1 (2016): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0019-5278.183849.

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22

WIDOMSKI, Marcin K., Ewelina ŁADZIK, and Grzegorz ŁAGÓD. "ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF SUSTAINABLE SANITATION IN RURAL SETTLEMENTS." Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment 10, no. 3 (2017): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21307/acee-2017-046.

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23

Bao, Pham Ngoc, Toshiya Aramaki, and Keisuke Hanaki. "Assessment of stakeholders’ preferences towards sustainable sanitation scenarios." Water and Environment Journal 27, no. 1 (2012): 58–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2012.00327.x.

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24

Nansubuga, Irene, Noble Banadda, Willy Verstraete, and Korneel Rabaey. "A review of sustainable sanitation systems in Africa." Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology 15, no. 3 (2016): 465–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11157-016-9400-3.

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25

Mara, Duncan. "‘Top-down’ planning for scalable sustainable sanitation in high-density low-income urban areas: is it more appropriate than ‘bottom-up’ planning?" Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 8, no. 2 (2018): 165–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2018.101.

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Abstract We argue that, if the sanitation target of the Sustainable Development Goals (universal access to ‘safely-managed’ sanitation by 2030) is to have any chance of success, then a community-sensitive top-down planning approach has to be adopted for sanitation provision in high-density low-income urban areas in developing countries, as ‘bottom-up’ planning is much more time-consuming and not yet successfully proven at scale. In high-density low-income urban areas, there is only a limited choice for safely-managed sanitation: (i) simplified/condominial sewerage (which becomes cheaper than o

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26

Duhoky, Musleh, Nesreen Sideek Barwari, and Jian Hassanpour. "Toward A Sustainable Water And Sanitation Strategy for Duhok Governorat." Journal Of Duhok University 23, no. 2 (2020): 113–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.26682/sjuod.2020.23.2.22.

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This article focuses on building a resilient sector based on a unified approach for a comprehensive social, economic and environmentally viable water and sanitation sector development for Duhok Governorate. The article highlights the challenges of meeting the growing water demand, the impact of water scarcity, the changing geo-political scenarios, the sanitation policy of Duhok, the need to prepare for a water-secure future for all citizens and residents of Duhok Governorate. To achieve an integrated approach to manage water resources and sustainable water and sanitation services in light of f

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27

Peter-Fröhlich, A., L. Pawlowski, A. Bonhomme, and M. Oldenburg. "EU demonstration project for separate discharge and treatment of urine, faeces and greywater – Part I: Results." Water Science and Technology 56, no. 5 (2007): 239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.577.

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The main aim of this EU demonstration project was to test two new sanitation concepts to determine if these concepts are more sustainable, compared with the conventional sanitation system, particularly with regard to nutrient recycling. Two different sanitation concepts were tested. One concept comprised the use of gravity separation toilets, the other used vacuum separation toilets. Results from a life-cycle-assessment investigation show that the new sanitation concepts are more sustainable. A cost analysis for an existing residential area did not prove lower costs for the new sanitation conc

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28

Narayanan, N. C., Isha Ray, Govind Gopakumar, and Poonam Argade. "Towards sustainable urban sanitation: a capacity-building approach to wastewater mapping for small towns in India." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 8, no. 2 (2017): 227–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2017.071.

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AbstractDecentralized technologies and city-based governance are being actively promoted for urban sanitation in low-income countries. At the same time, municipal agencies in developing countries have little technical or financial capacity for sanitation planning. This paper develops an approach to sanitation planning that leverages citizen engagement and fosters local capacities. It presents an empirical study from two small towns in India, where collaborations among the research team, local academics and students, and the municipal government, produced planning-oriented sanitary maps of each

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29

Hashemi, Shervin. "Sanitation Sustainability Index: A Pilot Approach to Develop a Community-Based Indicator for Evaluating Sustainability of Sanitation Systems." Sustainability 12, no. 17 (2020): 6937. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12176937.

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Evaluating the sustainability of sanitation systems is essential in achieving the sixth sustainable development goal. However, there are only limited number of available evaluation indexes, which are utilized to macroscopically determine a community’s sanitation coverage. Consequently, an index is required, which can evaluate different sanitation options for a specific community. In this paper, the sanitation sustainability index (SSI) is suggested as an indicator for evaluating the sustainability of sanitation systems. The SSI has sub-indexes that consider the technical, social, and economic

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30

Dwipayanti, Ni Made Utami, Tri Dung Phung, Shannon Rutherford, and Cordia Chu. "Towards sustained sanitation services: a review of existing frameworks and an alternative framework combining ecological and sanitation life stage approaches." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 7, no. 1 (2017): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2017.086.

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Despite increased promotion, sanitation programmes have varying degrees of success partly because of limited consideration of the wider context beyond individual factors in programme design. Although a recent model, Integrated Behaviour Model for Water Sanitation and Hygiene (IBM-WASH) comprehensively addresses this gap, the model focuses on the initial adoption factors and lacks emphasis on the functioning of the entire sanitation system from toilet usage to the safe disposal of the waste. Hence application of the model is limited, to some degree, in achieving the Sustainable Development Goal

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31

Scott, Rebecca, Pippa Scott, Peter Hawkins, Isabel Blackett, Andrew Cotton, and Alix Lerebours. "Integrating Basic Urban Services for Better Sanitation Outcomes." Sustainability 11, no. 23 (2019): 6706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11236706.

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Rapid urbanization in developing countries demands better integration of planning and delivery of basic services if cities are to be sustainable, healthy and safe. Sanitation improvements are commonly overlooked as investments go towards more visible services such as water supplies and drainage networks. The Sustainable Development Goal for sanitation and hygiene currently remains severely off-track. This paper presents the findings of a Delphi method survey to identify expert consensus on both why and how to integrate sanitation, by which we mean both sewered and non-sewered sanitation servic

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32

Sherpa, Anjali Manandhar, Thammarat Koottatep, Christian Zurbrügg, and Guéladio Cissé. "Vulnerability and adaptability of sanitation systems to climate change." Journal of Water and Climate Change 5, no. 4 (2014): 487–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2014.003.

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Climate change is among the major challenges that are increasing the risk of extreme weather events, such as increases in the strength and frequency of heavy precipitation, floods, and drought. Technologies currently promoted for improving access to sanitation are vulnerable to climate-related threats. In today's context where nearly 2.5 billion people do not have access to sanitation, climate change is an additional hurdle in ensuring them access. Climate change, its impact on sanitation systems and their scope of adaptation must be addressed to accelerate sustainable sanitation coverage. Thi

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33

Schertenleib, R. "From conventional to advanced environmental sanitation." Water Science and Technology 51, no. 10 (2005): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2005.0345.

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The basic concept of collecting domestic liquid waste in water-borne sewer systems goes back more than 100 years and became in the last century the conventional approach to sanitation in urban areas. Over the years, these sewage disposal systems had to be successively upgraded by additional sewage treatment plants increasing investment, operating and maintenance costs. Although these conventional sanitation systems could improve significantly the public health situation in those countries who could afford to install and operate them, it is highly questionable, if they are economically and ecol

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34

Magalhães Filho, Fernando, Adriane de Queiroz, Beatriz Machado, and Paula Paulo. "Sustainable Sanitation Management Tool for Decision Making in Isolated Areas in Brazil." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 7 (2019): 1118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16071118.

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There is a worldwide range of technical sanitation guidelines focusing on small or traditional and isolated communities for ecological alternatives at the household level. However, a computational tool (software) that has a database and connects these guidelines in a single reference for resource-oriented sanitation concept decision making is still lacking. In this regard, an easy-to-use tool was developed using a participatory approach for the decision-making process from a choice of technical solutions to a type of system management. The results obtained from a pilot study indicate that the

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35

Andersson, Kim, Sarah Dickin, and Arno Rosemarin. "Towards “Sustainable” Sanitation: Challenges and Opportunities in Urban Areas." Sustainability 8, no. 12 (2016): 1289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su8121289.

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36

Meegoda, Jay, Hsin-Neng Hsieh, Paul Rodriguez, and Jason Jawidzik. "Sustainable Community Sanitation for a Rural Hospital in Haiti." Sustainability 4, no. 12 (2012): 3362–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su4123362.

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37

Rosemarin, A., N. Ekane, I. Caldwell, et al. "Pathways for Sustainable Sanitation Achieving the Millennium Development Goals." Water Intelligence Online 7 (December 30, 2015): 9781780401850. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/9781780401850.

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38

Markard, Jochen, and Christoph Lüthi. "Institutional and Organizational Contexts for Sustainable Innovations in Sanitation." Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation 2010, no. 2 (2010): 889–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/193864710798285543.

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39

Lopes, Abby Mellick, Dena Fam, and Jennifer Williams. "Designing sustainable sanitation: Involving design in innovative, transdisciplinary research." Design Studies 33, no. 3 (2012): 298–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2011.08.005.

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40

White, Ian, Tony Falkland, and Taaniela Kula. "National Versus Local Sustainable Development Plans and Island Priorities in Sanitation: Examples from the Kingdom of Tonga." Sustainability 12, no. 22 (2020): 9379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12229379.

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Sanitation, water supply, and their governance remain major challenges in many Pacific Island countries. National sustainable development strategies (NSDSs) are promoted throughout the Pacific as overarching improved governance instruments to identify priorities, plan solutions, and fulfill commitments to sustainable development. Their relevance to local village-level development priorities is uncertain. In this work we compare national priorities for sanitation in NSDSs with those in village community development plans (CDPs) and with metrics in censuses from the Kingdom of Tonga. Tonga’s Str

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41

Grady, Caitlin A., Kien Van Nguyen, Thai Van Nguyen, and Ernest R. Blatchley. "Who is being left behind? An analysis of improved drinking water and basic sanitation access in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta." Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development 8, no. 3 (2018): 508–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2018.005.

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Abstract The global community has made tremendous strides in providing access to water and sanitation in recent decades. Driven by the United Nations Millennium Development Goals, which sought to halve the proportion of the global population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation, billions of people now have access to these basic human rights. As the global community works to implement the next generation of development goals, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), it is critical to determine how unserved populations can be reached. To investigate indicators

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42

Sudrajat, Agus, Sudarno, and Yanuar Luqman. "Scheduled Faecal Sludge Service (SFSS) for Sustainable Faecal Sludge Management in Cilacap." E3S Web of Conferences 202 (2020): 06031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020206031.

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In accordance with the 6’th Sustainable Development Goals (SDG's), that ensurin availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all and with the launch of the 100-0-100 movement by Indonesian Government, which is a program to achieve the 100% accesss for water, 0% for slums, and 100% accesss to proper sanitation, Cilacap government need to work harder to achieve 100% accesss to proper sanitation especially in faecal sludge management that still needs to be improved. More than 98% households in Cilacap are using on-site sanitation system, without periodicaly emptied, and its

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43

Wada, Ojima Zechariah, Elizabeth O. Oloruntoba, Mumuni Adejumo, and Olufemi O. Aluko. "Classification of Sanitation Services and Students’ Sanitation Practices among Schools in Lagos, Nigeria." Environment and Natural Resources Research 10, no. 3 (2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/enrr.v10n3p55.

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The paucity of information on the number of accessible sanitation facilities in secondary schools in developing countries has hindered efforts in attaining sustainable development in this area. Therefore, this study was designed to bridge that gap. The cross-sectional study utilized a 4-stage sampling technique to select 386 students from schools in Badagry, Lagos. Pre-tested questionnaire and observational checklists were used to obtain data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression at 5% level of significance. Respondents&rsquo; mean age was 15.8&plusmn

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44

Junghanns, Julian, and Thomas Beery. "Ecological Sanitation and Sustainable Nutrient Recovery Education: Considering the Three Fixes for Environmental Problem-Solving." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (2020): 3587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093587.

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In the context of phosphorus as a finite resource and the unsustainable character of current sanitation in Europe, this paper examined social factors in a technological transition towards sustainable sanitation. The evaluation is based on the idea of cognitive, structural, and technological fixes to achieve environmental protection. The cognitive fix has been evaluated through literature and a European-wide survey with universities that offer civil and environmental engineering programs. Contrary to an initial hypothesis, ecological sanitation and nutrient recycling are taught by the majority

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45

Kim, Yongkyun, Shervin Hashemi, Mooyoung Han, Tschungil Kim, and Hong-Gyoo Sohn. "The Waterless Portable Private Toilet: An Innovative Sanitation Solution in Disaster Zones." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 10, no. 2 (2016): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2015.166.

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AbstractCatastrophes can occur without warning and inevitably cause short-term and long-term problems. In disaster zones, having an action plan to alleviate difficulties can reduce or prevent many long-lasting complications. One of the most critical and urgent issues is sanitation. Water, energy, personnel, transportation, and the allocation of resources in disaster areas tend to become very limited during emergencies. Sanitation systems suffer in the process, potentially leading to crises due to unsafe and unhygienic surroundings. This article explores the problems of current sanitation pract

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46

Andersson, Kim, Miriam Otoo, and Marcelo Nolasco. "Innovative sanitation approaches could address multiple development challenges." Water Science and Technology 77, no. 4 (2017): 855–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.600.

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Abstract Globally, more than 60% of the human population live without safely managed sanitation services or even lack access to basic sanitation facilities. In addition, most of the wastewater produced in the world is discharged without proper treatment. Integrated approaches are needed to address these issues and curb the resulting adverse impacts on public health and the environment, and associated societal economic losses. The United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development provides an important framework towards more sustainable sanitation development, in terms of both safe sanitati

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47

Turrén-Cruz, Thalía, Juan Alejandro García-Rodríguez, Rodrigo E. Peimbert-García, and Miguel Ángel López Zavala. "An Approach Incorporating User Preferences in the Design of Sanitation Systems and Its Application in the Rural Communities of Chiapas, Mexico." Sustainability 12, no. 3 (2020): 1024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12031024.

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Globally, the numerous efforts exerted toward providing basic sanitation services to people have not been sufficient to achieve universal coverage. In developing countries worldwide, many policies, strategies, initiatives, and projects on basic sanitation have failed, despite important investments. Of the several reasons explaining the failure, it is remarkable to note that such approaches have focused mainly on improving the technology of the sanitation system without considering the human aspects, such as user preferences. Moreover, there is currently no comprehensive approach that ensures t

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Joshi, Chetan. "A Review on EcoSan (Ecological Sanitation)." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (2021): 1806–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36687.

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In today’s world about 2.4billion people from urban and rural areas do not have suitable access to sanitation services. In upcoming 20 years, it is estimated that a surplus of 2 billion will get migrated to urban areas, probably in developing countries, necessitating sanitation. Still greater than 90% of sewage in developing countries is discharged unprocessed polluting water bodies. Traditional sanitation ideas are neither ecofriendly nor cost-effective for developing countries. Ecological Sanitation (EcoSan) is a sanitation system having a cycle of sustainable closed-loop system, which winds

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Shekhar, Sumit, and Amrita Dwivedi. "Role of Innovation in Sustainable Sanitation System: A Case Study of India." Problemy Ekorozwoju 16, no. 2 (2021): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/pe.2021.2.23.

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Sanitation and water are one of those problems which have been given top priority in the sustainable agenda. However, scanty resources, geographical condition, natural environment, tradition, institutional and financial constraints lead to several challenges of feasibility, affordability, availability,and acceptability. This study reveals the inequality in the access to improved toilet facilities based on wealth index and locality of households using National Family Health Survey (NFHS) data. These problems can be addressed by applying different types of social innovations in which novelty in

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Kurian Baby, V., and V. Ratna Reddy. "How effective are the new WASH security guidelines for India? An empirical case study of Andhra Pradesh." Water Policy 15, no. 4 (2013): 535–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2013.147.

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India has been making policies relating to the water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) sector since independence. The 2010 policy guidelines for the water and sanitation sectors have embarked on a new path of water security by identifying and emphasizing the importance of hitherto nagging bottlenecks in sustainable service delivery. This paper attempts to assess these policy guidelines critically and suggest ways to make them effective from the point of view of putting them into operation. This paper argues the following. (i) WASH sector financing needs to be addressed directly with realistic ass

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