Academic literature on the topic 'Sustainable urban drainage systems'
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Journal articles on the topic "Sustainable urban drainage systems"
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Alexandra Georgiana, Ioan, Iancu Iulian, and Anton Anton. "Modelling Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems." Revista Romana de Inginerie Civila/Romanian Journal of Civil Engineering 13, no. 2 (2022): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37789/rjce.2022.13.2.1.
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Butler, David, and Jonathan Parkinson. "Towards sustainable urban drainage." Water Science and Technology 35, no. 9 (1997): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0330.
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The issue of sustainable development is now high on the global agenda, but there is still a considerable degree of uncertainty in its definition, let alone implementation. The aim of this paper is to reappraise the provision of urban drainage services in the light of this current debate. The approach advocated is not to strive for the unattainable goal of completely sustainable drainage, rather to actively promote “less unsustainable” systems. To do this requires both an understanding of the long-term and widespread impacts of continuing current practices and an understanding of the implications of making changes. Sustainable urban drainage should: maintain a good public health barrier, avoid local or distant pollution of the environment, minimise the utilisation of natural resources (e.g. water, energy, materials), and be operable in the long-term and adaptable to future requirements. Three strategies are proposed that can be carried out immediately, incrementally and effectively and these are to reduce potable water “use”, to reduce and then eliminate the mixing of industrial wastewater with domestic waste, and to reduce and then eliminate the mixing of stormwater and domestic wastewater. A number of techniques are described which may allow adoption of these strategies, many of them small-scale, source control technologies. An incremental approach containing both high-tech and low-tech answers to appropriate problems is the most likely to be implemented but each case must be decided on its merits.
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Ellis, J. B., B. J. D'Arcy, and P. R. Chatfield. "Sustainable Urban-Drainage Systems and Catchment Planning." Water and Environment Journal 16, no. 4 (2002): 286–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2002.tb00418.x.
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O'Sullivan, John J., Michael Bruen, Padraig J. Purcell, and Fasil Gebre. "Urban drainage in Ireland - embracing sustainable systems." Water and Environment Journal 26, no. 2 (2011): 241–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.2011.00282.x.
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Ngong Deng, Abraham Ayuen, Nursetiawan, and Jazaul Ikhsan. "Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (2014-2023) by Using Bibliometric Analysis Method." Journal of Sustainable Civil Engineering and Technology 3, no. 1 (2024): 145–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jscet.v3i1.145-170.
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Sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) are increasingly crucial for stormwater management. This bibliometric review analyses research trends on sustainable urban drainage systems over the past decade (2014- 2023) using data from Scopus. The analysis found 705 articles, 192 conference papers, 85 book chapters, and 64 reviews on sustainable urban drainage systems. Publication volume increased by 66% during the study period, indicating rising research interest. The most cited article (294 citations) was a 2019 review by Andrés-Doménech et al. on innovations in sustainable urban drainage systems. Analysis of author keywords revealed 8 clusters of research topics, with "sustainable urban drainage systems" being the dominant term with 889 keywords. Although general sustainable urban drainage system terms prevail, the use of keywords related to network visualization methods like VOS viewer is rapidly increasing. The United Kingdom published the most SUDS research (315 articles), followed by China (149), Spain (135), the United States (126), and Italy (107 articles). Research was concentrated in the environmental science and engineering fields. However, this bibliometric analysis provides insights into SUDS research trends, the most active countries and institutions, and emerging topic areas. The rapid increase in publications and use of network visualization techniques demonstrates SUDS' growing importance in urban stormwater management. The results can help inform future research directions, such as applying advanced data analytics to improve SUDS design and performance. Expanding bibliometric analyses with additional techniques like VOS viewer could further enhance understanding of this critical area of urban environmental research. Developing bibliometric methods and adding feature extraction algorithms when selecting features used to model data can increase the efficiency and accuracy of the data on sustainable urban drainage systems. The development of research data using Vos viewers images with this type of data processing research can also be maximized for research related to the sustainable urban drainage system.
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Fryd, Ole, Torben Dam, and Marina Bergen Jensen. "A planning framework for sustainable urban drainage systems." Water Policy 14, no. 5 (2012): 865–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2012.025.
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Sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) call for collaborative and interdisciplinary practices. The problem with this is the social and technical complexities involved, and the absence of a shared understanding of the challenge and the scope of integrated solutions. It is necessary to clarify the contributions and interactions between disciplines in order to achieve integrated planning and design of SUDS. This paper reviews the literature across disciplinary fields and outlines key messages and uncertainties within each discipline. The outcome is a framework comprising time, space and human values, as well as biophysical processes (e.g. engineering), spatial strategies (e.g. urban design) and adaptive strategies (e.g. management). It identifies the planning of SUDS as a collective learning process with continuous iterations between disciplines, while also reflecting the past, present and future of a specific site.
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Andrés-Doménech, Ignacio, Jose Anta, Sara Perales-Momparler, and Jorge Rodriguez-Hernandez. "Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems in Spain: A Diagnosis." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (2021): 2791. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052791.
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Sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) were almost unknown in Spain two decades ago; today, urban drainage in the country is transitioning towards a more sustainable and regenerative management in a global context where green policies are gaining prominence. This research establishes a diagnosis of SUDS in Spain and examines the extent to which the country is moving towards the new paradigm in three dimensions: (a) the governance and social perception of the community, (b) the regulative background, and (c) the implementation and the technical performance of SUDS. The diagnosis identifies barriers that hinder the change. Then, we define the challenges that Spain has to face to overcome obstacles that delay the transition. Barriers to the governance sphere are related to the lack of involvement, knowledge, and organisational responsibilities. Within the regulative framework, the absence of national standards hinders the general implementation at the national scale, although few regional and local authorities are taking steps in the right direction with their own regulations. From the technical perspective, SUDS performance within the Spanish context was determined, although some shortcomings are still to be investigated. Despite the slowdown caused by the hard recession periods and the more recent political instability, SUDS implementation in Spain is today a fact, and the country is close to reaching the stabilisation stage.
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Todeschini, S., S. Papiri, and C. Ciaponi. "Stormwater quality control for sustainable urban drainage systems." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 9, no. 2 (2014): 196–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sdp-v9-n2-196-210.
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Seyedashraf, Omid, Andrea Bottacin-Busolin, and Julien J. Harou. "Many-Objective Optimization of Sustainable Drainage Systems in Urban Areas with Different Surface Slopes." Water Resources Management 35, no. 8 (2021): 2449–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-021-02840-4.
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AbstractSustainable urban drainage systems are multi-functional nature-based solutions that can facilitate flood management in urban catchments while improving stormwater runoff quality. Traditionally, the evaluation of the performance of sustainable drainage infrastructure has been limited to a narrow set of design objectives to simplify their implementation and decision-making process. In this study, the spatial design of sustainable urban drainage systems is optimized considering five objective functions, including minimization of flood volume, flood duration, average peak runoff, total suspended solids, and capital cost. This allows selecting an ensemble of admissible portfolios that best trade-off capital costs and the other important urban drainage services. The impact of the average surface slope of the urban catchment on the optimal design solutions is discussed in terms of spatial distribution of sustainable drainage types. Results show that different subcatchment slopes result in non-uniform distributional designs of sustainable urban drainage systems, with higher capital costs and larger surface areas of green assets associated with steeper slopes. This has two implications. First, urban areas with different surface slopes should not have a one-size-fits-all design policy. Second, spatial equality must be taken into account when applying optimization models to urban subcatchments with different surface slopes to avoid unequal distribution of environmental and human health co-benefits associated with green drainage infrastructure.
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Kändler, Nils, Ivar Annus, Anatoli Vassiljev, and Raido Puust. "Real time controlled sustainable urban drainage systems in dense urban areas." Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 69, no. 3 (2019): 238–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/aqua.2019.083.
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Abstract Stormwater runoff from urban catchments is affected by the changing climate and rapid urban development. Intensity of rainstorms is expected to increase in Northern Europe, and sealing off surfaces reduces natural stormwater management. Both trends increase stormwater peak runoff volume that urban stormwater systems (UDS) have to tackle. Pipeline systems have typically limited capacity, therefore measures must be foreseen to reduce runoff from new developed areas to existing UDS in order to avoid surcharge. There are several solutions available to tackle this challenge, e.g. low impact development (LID), best management practices (BMP) or stormwater real time control measures (RTC). In our study, a new concept of a smart in-line storage system is developed and evaluated on the background of traditional in-line and off-line detention solutions. The system is operated by real time controlled actuators with an ability to predict rainfall dynamics. This solution does not need an advanced and expensive centralised control system; it is easy to implement and install. The concept has been successfully tested in a 12.5 ha urban development area in Tallinn, the Estonian capital. Our analysis results show a significant potential and economic feasibility in the reduction of peak flow from dense urban areas with limited free construction space.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sustainable urban drainage systems"
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Hellberg, Madeleine. "Planning and implementing sustainable urban drainage systems in the built environment." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Arkitektur och vatten, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-82068.
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Our planet stands before many great challenges, where climate change and urbanization are two of the major challenges. One of the challenges due to climate change is the increased amount of precipitation and of extreme rainfall, which creates a higher amount of stormwater within the urban areas and an increased risk of urban flooding. Urbanization and an increasing global population put pressure on the environment as more land is exploited and existing urban areas are further developed and densified. Urban areas are already under high pressure to handle the risks of climate change, therefore is climate change adaptation prominent to create more resilient and sustainable urban areas, where stormwater management is one of the challenges that need to be tackled. The aim of this study is to answers one main research question and three sub research question about enablers, barriers, and key factors regarding planning, designing, and implementing sustainable urban drainage systems in the built environment. The used methods are literature study research and multiple case study research. Five case study areas where studied to gather knowledge about areas that have implemented sustainable urban drainage systems. Lessons learned for each of the case study areas where gathered and connected to the literature and used to answer the research questions. The gathered knowledge from the literature and case studies where used to compile recommendations of how a sustainable urban drainage system could be planned and implemented at a pilot study area, which is Välsviken in Karlstad, Sweden. To be able to achieve a sustainable and resilient urban drainage system, that can handle the challenges of climate change and urbanization, it is important that the stormwater planning process is changing. It is crucial to implement facilities and systems that are sustainable, multifunctional, and flexible. The planning process needs to use planning and costing approaches that include flood mitigation and co-benefits, in the long-term and short-term simultaneously. Implementation of sustainable urban drainage systems also needs to be enabled in new areas or being retrofitted into already exploited areas. This could make it possible to create urban areas that are able to tackle the challenges of climate change and urbanization, and create multifunctional, sustainable, and flood mitigated urban areas.<br>Vår planet står inför många stora utmaningar, där klimatförändringar och urbanisering är två av dessa. En av utmaningarna med avseende på klimatförändringarna är den ökade mängden av nederbörd och extrema regntillfällen, vilka bidrar till större mängder dagvatten i urbana områden och en ökad risk för översvämningar. Urbaniseringen och det ökande antalet invånare globalt sätter press på miljön eftersom mer landyta exploateras och nuvarande urbana områden fortsätter att bebyggas och förtätas. De urbana områdena har redan stora utmaningar med att hantera riskerna med klimatförändringarna. Klimatanpassning är därför viktigt för att skapa mer resilienta och hållbara urbana områden, där dagvattenhanteringen är en av utmaningarna som behöver hanteras. Målet med denna studie är att besvara en övergripande forskningsfråga och tre underliggande forskningsfrågor om möjliggörare, barriärer och nyckelfaktorer gällande planering, design och implementering av hållbara urbana dagvattensystem i den bebyggda miljön. Metoderna som användes var litteraturstudie och multipel fallstudie. Arbetet började med litteraturstudien och sedan genomfördes en fallstudie där fem områden som implementerat hållbara urbana dagvattensystem undersöktes. Lärdomar från varje område sammanställdes och kopplades samman med den andra litteraturen för att besvara forskningsfrågorna. Utifrån litteraturen och fallstudierna sammanställdes rekommendationer för hur ett hållbart urbant dagvattensystem kan planeras och implementeras inom ett utvalt studieområde, vilket är Välsviken i Karlstad, Sverige. För att åstadkomma ett hållbart och resilient urbant dagvattensystem, som kan hantera utmaningarna gällande klimatförändringar och urbanisering, är det viktigt att planeringsprocessen för dagvatten ändras. Det är viktigt att implementera anläggningar och system som är hållbara, multifunktionella och flexibla. Planeringsprocessen behöver använda planerings- och kostandsmetoder som inkluderar översvämningsanpassning och sidofördelar, både långsiktigt och kortsiktigt samtidigt. Man behöver också möjliggöra implementering av hållbara urbana dagvattensystem i nya områden eller anpassa områden som redan är bebyggda. Detta kan bidra till att skapa urbana områden som kan hantera klimatförändringarnas och urbaniseringens utmaningar, och skapa multifunktionella, hållbara och översvämningssäkrade områden.
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Swan, Andrew D. "A decision-support system for the design of retrofit sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS)." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3635/.
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Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) is a generic term that refers to various measures aimed at minimising surface runoff (and consequent flooding and pollution problems) from urban catchments. SUDS technologies include local infiltration, storage and storm-water re-use devices. Although there is considerable international evidence of the successful incorporation of SUDS technologies in new developments, there is very little indication of the extent to which they represent a viable rehabilitation option for retrofit applications to problem urban catchments in the UK. It is believed that uncertainties about the design, hydraulic performance and cost of retrofit SUDS schemes, as well as some regulatory issues, have prevented UK engineers from exploiting the full potential of this approach. This thesis presents two case studies in which retrofit SUDS have been evaluated against 'conventional' (i. e. in-sewer) drainage rehabilitation schemes. The case studies relate to the City of Leeds in Northern England, UK. In both cases it was found that SUDS technologies were viable, both in terms of hydraulic performance criteria (number and volume of CSO spills or flooding events) and in terms of comparative construction costs. Novel procedures were developed for evaluating hydraulic performance and SUDS scheme costings. The identification of the most cost-effective from all feasible SUDS technologies for a given location is not straightforward. This thesis, therefore, proposes a design methodology for retrofit SUDS. The methodology comprises a decision making model (flow chart) that indicates whether SUDS-based approaches are likely to be viable, and cost-effective for a particular application. The flow charts make reference to SUDS design criteria (such as land-take, slope and infiltration capacity) and regulatory constraints (such as Building Regulations and local groundwater protection policies). Fundamental to the flow charts arc hierarchies that characterise urban surface type, the treatment train concept, the disposal mechanism, and cost.
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Schlüter, Wolfram. "Behaviour and effectiveness of in-ground sustainable urban drainage systems in Scotland." Thesis, Abertay University, 2005. https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/14fd21f3-79a9-4bf7-a082-dd5aecbff0a3.
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Infiltration trenches and filter drains are the most common types o f sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) in Scotland. Despite their extensive use there has been only limited examination of their performance, with the general expectation that failure through lack of maintenance and poor detailing design would necessitate reconstruction within a limited time period. This research worked towards enhanced detailing and improved operation and maintenance of in-ground SUDS. It focused on information gained from on-site monitoring of three filter drain and three infiltration trench systems and combined the outcomes with information gathered from some 40 assessments of in-situ systems in Eastern Scotland. Performance results were produced using a newly developed scoring system, named the Schliiter Score, and results showed good performance at only 19% of systems; 19% were rated as poor and a high failure rate of 23% was discovered. Similar results were produce from a conventional environmental risk assessment identifying more than 30% of systems which require immediate mitigation measures to reduce their environmental risk. These findings give an indication of the varied performance of systems in Scotland and also show the need for knowledge enhancement in the field of in-ground SUDS. A main outcome from this research is a list of recommendations which are applicable to design engineers, developers, and authorities and contribute to achieving optimum long-term performance in terms of outflow quality and flow attenuation. A total number of 43 sites were investigated, the majority being systems located in small-to-medium size housing developments. The average age o f the sites was 4 years, the oldest and youngest being 10 and 1 years, respectively. Almost 75% o f all systems discharge to natural watercourses, disconnecting a significant amount of impermeable area from combined sewer systems. Catchment areas varied from 392m<sup>2</sup> to 200,000m<sup>2</sup>, typically consisting of road and roof surfaces. High-level by-passes are used to ensure hydraulic performance and these were found at more than 50% of all systems. Maintenance programmes were generally not in place but this study showed that regular maintenance is vital for the longevity of in-ground SUDS. A significant number o f systems require major upgrading before they may be considered satisfactory and a maintenance appraisal is provided for each system. Hydraulic results from on-site monitoring showed good-to-satisfactory performance with flow volume reduction of 34-80% and peak flow reduction of 47-86%. The system’s design, treatment volume and soil permeability were found to be the main influence on the hydraulic performance. Simulation of flows significantly contributed to the conclusions drawn and hydraulic simulation was carried out for each o f the monitored systems. It was found that existing models did not represent in-ground filter systems adequately and an improved model was developed based on the finite-volume-method and Darcy’s law. This model, which uses the acronym FVD, was developed in collaboration with HR Wallingford Ltd and enables flow- simulation through gravel-filled SUDS. The FVD model was validated using on-site monitored data and an excellent agreement with observed data was achieved. Wallingford Software have proposed to include the FVD model in their next release o f Info works Version 6.5.
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Tota-Maharaj, Kiran. "Geothermal paving systems for urban runoff treatment and renewable energy efficiency." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4909.
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Water and energy are two of the most precious and essential resources which are inseparably connected; vital for the survival and well-being of humanity. Sustainable water resources and energy management emphasizes the requirement for a holistic approach in meeting the needs of the present and future generations. In order to indentify the needs and obstacles relating to water reuse and renewable energy initiatives, Hanson Formpave in partnership with The University of Edinburgh implement a five-year pilot project between May 2005 and June 2010. The research project addressed the use of sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) such as permeable pavements systems (PPS) and integration of renewable energy tools such as geothermal heat pumps (GHPs). The research uses the novel and timely urban drainage system and focuses on water quality assessment when incorporated with GHPs. Twelve-tanked laboratory scaled experimental PPS were evaluated at The King’s Building campus (The University of Edinburgh, Scotland) using different compositions. Variations in designs included the presence of geotextiles layers and geothermal heating/cooling applications. The experimental rigs were examined for a two year period (March 2008 to April 2010). Two types of urban stormwater were used in the analysis; (i) gully pot liquor and (ii) gully pot liquor spiked with Canis lupus familiaris (dog) faeces. This urban wastewater represented the extreme worstcase scenario from a storm event, which can occur on a permeable pavement parking lot. The pavement systems operated in batch-flow to mimic weekly storm events and reduce pumping costs. Six PPS were located indoor in a controlled environment and six corresponding PPS were placed outdoors to allow for a direct comparison of controlled and uncontrolled environmental conditions. The outdoor rig simulated natural weather conditions whilst the indoor rig operated under controlled environmental conditions such as regulated temperature, humidity and light. The project assessed the performance of these pavement rigs with the integration of ground-source heating and cooling, standalone PPS and the abilities for water quality treatment from a physical, chemical and microbiological perspective. The performance efficiency of the GHP was measured by the energy efficiency ration (EER) for steady state cooling efficiency and the coefficient of performance (COP) for the heating cycle efficiency. Findings from the combined PPS and GHP system and standalone systems were able to significantly lower levels for all physiochemical and microbial water quality parameters in the range of (70-99.99%) respectively. Outflow concentrations for all pavement systems met the European Commission Environment Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (91/271/EEC). The presence of geotextiles resulted in a significant reduction of contaminants when compared to PPS systems without (p <0.05). Photocatalytic disinfection with titanium dioxide (TIO2) was applied to the effluent from PPS for further treatment and polishing of the stormwater. After the photocatalytic disinfection, the water met the requirements for the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) water recycling guidelines and the World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines for potable water consumption with regards to microbial contamination. An Energy and temperature balance was developed for two PPS using a 4th order Runge-Kutta numerical method to model the heat fluxes and energy balance within the pavement system. Machine learning techniques such as artificial neural networks (backpropagatioin feed forward neural networks) and self-organising maps (SOM) were applied and successfully predicted the effluent concentrations of nutrients, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and microbial pollutants. The overall outcome of this research is a significant contribution to the development of a new generable of sustainable and eco-friendly pavements. The research project proves scientifically that PPS is one of the most appropriate systems for GHP installation and does not affect its efficiency for water pollutant removal.
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Karlsson, Amanda, and Maria Bergström. "IMPLEMENTERING AV SUSTAINABLE DRAINAGE SYSTEMS I STADSBYGGNADSPROJEKT I JÖNKÖPINGS KOMMUN." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Byggnadsteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-31021.
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Purpose: Climate change and increased proportion of hard surfaces due to urbanization is causing problems with flooding. Although it has been known for a long time that traditional stormwater management needs to be complemented, progress towards Sustainable Drainage Systems, SuDS, is slow. Techniques to locally handle storm water are available for most situations, but there is a lack of knowledge and experience. The aim of this thesis is to present a proposal on how implementation of SuDS can be promoted in urban development projects in Jönköping municipality. Method: Using literature review, interviews, document analysis and observation a qualitative study was conducted in two urban development projects; Ekostaden Augustenborg in Malmö and Munksjöstaden in Jönköping. Findings: The majority of the stormwater management techniques available in Augustenborg have also been discussed in Munksjöstaden by Jönköping municipality. Only one third of the techniques which has been discussed will be realized. Jönköping municipality lacks clear goals and a vision that is integrated into the planning process, which can explain this. During the interviews the site conditions were presented as arguments to why SuDS is difficult to implement. However the analysis showed that it is the other conditions that are decisive, something that also the scientific studies indicated. In order to promote the implementation of SuDS general and project-specific actions were elaborated. Implications: The local plan is the municipality’s sharpest tool for control of the physical development and demands must be submitted in the local plan in order to promote SuDS. The municipality needs to reprocess a practice level and equate SuDS with traditional stormwater management in order to make relevant demands on developers. To promote the implementation of SuDS, the authors suggests that Jönköping municipality carry out a pilot project focusing on sustainable stormwater management in an upcoming urban development project. Limitations: Since the thesis only includes two projects, there is a limitation of the conditions treated. Since the other conditions and the recommended actions are based on the factors identified in a national survey, the applicability is considered to be good. Although the project-specific actions are based on Jönköping municipality, it is possible for other municipalities to apply the PDSA-wheel to the extent that is suitable for the municipality.<br>Syfte: Klimatförändring och urbanisering med ökad andel hårdgjorda ytor orsakar problem med översvämningar. Trots att det sedan länge är känt att den traditionella dagvattenhanteringen behöver kompletteras går utvecklingen mot Sustainable Drainage Systems, SuDS, långsamt. Tekniker för att ta hand om dagvattnet lokalt finns för de flesta situationer men det saknas kunskap och erfarenhet. Målet med arbetet är därför att presentera ett förslag på hur implementering av SuDS kan främjas i stadsbyggnads-projekt i Jönköpings kommun. Metod: Med hjälp av litteraturstudie, intervjuer, dokumentanalys och observation har en kvalitativ studie genomförts på två stadsbyggnadsprojekt; Ekostaden Augustenborg i Malmö och Munksjöstaden i Jönköping. Resultat: Majoriteten av de tekniker för dagvattenhantering som finns i Augustenborg har diskuterats även i Munksjöstaden från Jönköpings kommuns sida. Det visade sig dock att endast en tredjedel av det som diskuterats kommer att förverkligas. Detta kan bland annat förklaras av att Jönköpings kommun saknar tydliga mål och en vision som är integrerad i planeringsprocessen. Vid intervjuerna lyftes platsen förutsättningar fram som argument till varför SuDS är svårt att tillämpa. Analysen visade dock att det är de övriga förutsättningarna som är avgörande, något som även de vetenskapliga studierna pekat på. För att främja implementeringen av SuDS har därför generella och projektspecifika åtgärder riktade mot de övriga förutsättningarna utarbetats. Konsekvenser: Detaljplanen är kommunens skarpaste verktyg för att styra den fysiska bebyggelsen och för att främja SuDS är det därför viktigt att det finns krav i detaljplanen. Kommunen behöver upparbeta en praxisnivå och likställa SuDS med traditionell dagvattenhantering för att kunna ställa relevanta krav på exploatörer. För att främja implementeringen är författarnas förslag att Jönköpings kommun genomför ett pilotprojekt med fokus på hållbara dagvattenlösningar i ett kommande stadsbyggnadsprojekt. Begränsningar: Eftersom arbetet endast innefattar två projekt finns det en begränsning i vilka förutsättningar som behandlats. Eftersom de övriga förutsättningarna och de rekommenderade åtgärderna utgår från faktorer som identifierats i en nationell enkät-undersökning bedöms ändå tillämpligheten vara god. Även om de projektspecifika åtgärderna utgår från Jönköpings kommun, är det möjligt för andra kommuner att tillämpa PGSA-hjulet i den omfattning som passar den aktuella kommunen.
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Eckart, Jochen. "Flexible Urban Drainage Systems in New Land-Use Areas." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4033.
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Urban drainage systems are influenced by several future drivers that affect the performance as well as the costs of the systems. The uncertainties associated with future drivers and their impact creates difficulties in designing urban drainage systems sustainably. A review of the different future drivers for urban drainage systems illustrates that no sufficient future predictions for the long operational life spans of the systems are possible. This dissertation contends that to deal with future uncertainties, flexibility in urban drainage systems is necessary.
At present, profound insights about defining, measuring, and generating flexible urban drainage systems do not exist. This research systematically approaches these issues. First, a clear definition of flexibility and an approach for the measurement and optimization of flexibility is operationalized. Based on the generic definitions of flexibility used in other disciplines, a definition tailored for urban drainage systems is generated. As such, flexibility in sustainable urban drainage systems is defined as `the ability of urban drainage systems to use their active capacity to act and respond to relevant alterations during operation in a performance-efficient, timely, and cost-effective way'. Next, a method for measuring flexibility is provided based on the developed definition of flexibility including the metrics, 'range of change', 'life-cycle performance' and 'effort of change'. These metrics are integrated into a framework for the measurement of flexibility based on a comparison of performance and effort in different alternative solution with respect to different future states. In addition the metrics are the core components for optimizing flexible design of urban drainage system. The measurement method is successfully applied in two case studies in Tuttle Hill, UK and Hamburg-Wilhelmsburg, Germany. Using the developed definition and method for the measurement of flexibility, this dissertation illustrates that a transfer of the general theoretical background of flexibility to the field of urban drainage is possible.
It is currently unclear how the flexible design of urban drainage systems can be executed. Based on a review, this research identifies nine potential principles of flexible design, described by the indicators of modularity, platform design, flexible elements, cost efficiency, decentralized design, real time control, low degree of specialization, scalability, and a combination of these principles. A case study of Hamburg-Boberg is then presented to analyze which of these principles of flexible design can be verified. For each alternative solution in the sample, the indicators for the different potential principles of flexible design as well as the flexibility provided by the design are calculated. Testing is done to determine if there is a significant correlation between the potential principles of flexible design and the measured flexibility using a chi-square-test and F-test. Two principles are verified with a high degree of confidence, 'platform design' and `flexible elements'. The `platform design' principle provides high flexibility, in which urban drainage system elements with high change costs are designed robustly with huge tolerance margins, whereas elements with low change costs are designed with flexibility options. The 'flexible elements' principle aims to include as many component elements as possible, which provides high individual flexibility in the design of the urban drainage system.
These design principles and associated static indicators enable a quick screening of huge number alternative solutions and provide guidance for the development and optimization of flexible urban drainage system. Within the framework for optimization of flexibility, the design principles can help identify the most promising alternative solutions for the design of urban drainage systems. The optimization framework includes the following steps: identification of the required flexibility, generation of alternative solutions for the design of urban drainage systems, screening of the most promising alternative solutions, detailed measurement of flexibility provided by the alternative solutions; and selection of optimal solution. Hence out of a sample of different design approaches, the solutions with the highest flexibility could be identified.
The successful application of flexible design in three case studies illustrates that the concept provides a suitable strategy for dealing with the challenges associated with future uncertainties. For urban drainage systems, flexible design guarantees high levels of performance in uncertain future states while reducing the effort required to adapt the system to changing future conditions. This study contends that flexibility allows for profound decision making for urban drainage design despite future uncertainties.
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Macdonald, Kirsteen C. B. "The effectiveness of certain sustainable urban drainage systems in controlling flooding and pollution from urban runoff." Thesis, Abertay University, 2003. https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/b6fdd917-aff9-42a2-9b14-089989b57dd2.
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The research presented in this thesis addressed the performance of Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) at three sites in Scotland - a porous paved car park and two swales. It is the first research to provide results for such systems in the UK and also the first direct comparison between SUDS and traditional systems in situ. The aim of developing guidance on effectiveness and synthesising design recommendations has been achieved with the integration of hydrological and water quality studies together with modeling. Monitoring data and information were analysed on both a site-by-site basis and as a comparison between sites. Hydrological and water quality data were collected at each site. Key hydraulic parameters examined include percentage runoff, initial runoff loss, peak flow reduction and lag time. The term Benefit Factor has been introduced as a volumetric measure used to summarise the hydraulic benefit gained by installing SUDS, as no comparable terminology has yet been used elsewhere. The water quality parameters include physical/ chemical, hydrocarbons and metals. All three sites had low levels of pollution with little scope for water quality improvement, however the changes in water quality did indicate the different processes occurring within the systems. Computer models were built for the porous paving installation and one of the swales, further to understand the processes of source control and to analyse the systems. Hydraulic capacity exceedence criteria were investigated using design storms, and finally the models were used to evaluate improvements to design detailing. The results of this research have shown that, despite being under-designed according to current guidance, all three sites performed very favourably. The performance of porous paving and swales can be similar depending on design and detailing. A number of design recommendations are made as a result of observations and sensitivity analysis, and these should be considered in conjunction with current guidance.
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Singh, Rohit. "Integrating the planning of green spaces and sustainable drainage systems." Thesis, Abertay University, 2012. https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/0a86d97d-4a27-429a-8dae-6afa03659ca9.
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In recent times urban flooding has become more frequent and more complex due to the effects of increasing urban areas and climate change. In some established urban areas the existing drainage infrastructure is unable to cope with the volume of surface runoff and flooding events are more frequent, therefore new approaches to create more space for water within developments are required. This research was conceived in that context. It aims to investigate the potential for integrating green space planning with water planning and to develop a framework for the same in order to reduce the risk of flooding. An extensive literature review was carried out in the areas of urban planning, water planning, planning legislations, and issues related to integrating green space and water planning. The review identified the need for an inclusive framework which could integrate aspects of green space and storm water planning more holistically to achieve greater spatial planning efficiency. To satisfy this need, a conceptual framework was developed which took into consideration the opinions of various stakeholders. The conceptual framework included green spaced planning for SUDS, recreational and storm water indicators and a mechanism for integrated evaluation of SUDS for recreation and storm water management. The conceptual framework provided a joint approach where both engineers and planners will need to work together for the development of integrated storm water and green space plans. The framework showed processes for both disciplines and also indicates how spatial planning and water planning interfaced so that there was clarity of roles. In order to evaluate integrated plans, an ‘integrated evaluation tool’ was developed which uses indicators from both the areas of green space planning and water planning. The evaluation tool also contained a scoring system which can be used to select storm water management options with more recreational potential. The tool provides a mechanism to balance the requirements of recreation and storm water management so that more holistic solutions can be developed by teams of engineers and planners. The conceptual framework and the integrated evaluation tool were applied to two case study catchments. Results from the case studies showed the relationship of spatial planning and flooding. It further tested whether recreational aspects could be integrated into storm water planning. A number of drainage options were tested to show the application of the evaluation tool under various scenarios. This results of the research showed that the conceptual framework was appropriate in both case study areas even though the areas had different patterns of development. It is therefore proposed that the approach has potential for wider application in other geographical areas. Results from the two areas also showed that the integrated approach established in this research could enhance the recreational aspects associated with urban storm water management. The framework presented in this thesis will potentially be of use to a wide range of stakeholders such policy makers, local authorities, water companies, consultants and researchers. It could also be useful in informing the evolution of planning policies and technical guidance associated with water and green space planning.
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Robertson, Abby Jane. "Quantifying stormwater pollutants and the efficacy of sustainable drainage systems on the R300 highway, Cape Town." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25514.
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Stormwater provides a direct link between urban infrastructure and the urbanised natural environment. In particular, highway drainage presents a high risk of pollution when compared to other urban land use areas (Ellis et al., 2012); introducing heavy metals, suspended solids and hydrocarbons to urban waterways. This research investigated runoff from the R300 highway, located in the greater Cape Town area. The City of Cape Town Management of Urban Stormwater Impacts Policy requires the treatment and attenuation of stormwater from developments within the city, and proposes Sustainable Drainage Systems (SuDS) as a means to achieve this (CSRM, 2009b). SuDS are structural and process controls that attenuate surface drainage, improve runoff water quality, provide amenity and deliver ecosystem services. This study characterized the R300 runoff through a sampling program and modelling exercise in order to provide an indication of the ability of SuDS to manage highway runoff in South Africa. Sediment and runoff samples were collected from the road surface and an undeveloped parcel of land adjacent to the highway. The sampling results showed that heavy metals, suspended solids and phosphorus are present in significantly greater concentrations in road runoff compared to rainwater from the same area. The concentration of aluminium, copper, lead, zinc and phosphorus exceed the Department of Water and Sanitation's water quality guidelines for aquatic ecosystems in excess of 1000%. The concentration of heavy metals, phosphorus and fats, oils and greases was significantly greater in road sediment compared to sediment from the surrounding area. Barring copper, all contaminant concentrations in the road surface sediment are less than the maximum concentration required to protect ecosystem health. The R300 rainfall-runoff response was modelled in PCSWMM to evaluate the performance of SuDS such as infiltration trenches, bioretention areas and swales for managing highway runoff in terms of quantity and quality. The modelling exercise showed SuDS to be a viable means to attain the City of Cape Town's stormwater objectives, provided that SuDS are implemented in treatment trains along the entire road length.
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Bakhshipour, Amin Ebrahim [Verfasser], and Wolfgang [Akademischer Betreuer] Nowak. "Optimizing hybrid decentralized systems for sustainable urban drainage infrastructures planning / Amin Ebrahim Bakhshipour ; Betreuer: Wolfgang Nowak." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1234985411/34.
Full textBooks on the topic "Sustainable urban drainage systems"
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Scotland. Scottish Executive. Development Department. Planning and sustainable urban drainage systems. Scottish Executive Development Dept., 2001.
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Peter, Martin, and Construction Industry Research and Information Association., eds. Sustainable urban drainage systems: Design manual for England and Wales. CIRIA, 2000.
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Ralls, Katherine Ann. Post-project appraisal of SUDS: Evaluating the implementation of sustainable urban drainage systems. Oxford Brookes University, 2002.
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Les, Lampe, Water Environment Research Foundation, AWWA Research Foundation, and United Kingdom Water Industry Research., eds. Performance and whole life costs of best management practices and sustainable urban drainage systems: (final report for phases 1 and 2 of project 01-CTS-21T). WERF, 2005.
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Agency, Scottish Environment Protection, ed. Sustainable urban drainage: An introduction. Scottish Environment Protection Agency, 1999.
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Roberts, Alexandra Helen. Sediments in urban stormwater drainage systems. Middlesex Polytechnic, 1985.
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Petersen, Steen O. Real time control of urban drainage systems. Technical University of Denmark, Dept. of Environmental Engineering, 1987.
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Green, M. J. Real time control for urban drainage systems. WRc Engineering [1988., 1988.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Sustainable urban drainage systems"
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Coupe, Stephen J., Amal S. Faraj, Ernest O. Nnadi, and Susanne M. Charlesworth. "Integrated Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems." In Water Efficiency in Buildings. John Wiley & Sons, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118456613.ch9.
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Vernon, Siobhan, Susan Irwine, Joanna Patton, and Neil Chapman. "Sustainable urban Drainage Systems – SuDS." In Landscape Architect's Pocket Book, 3rd ed. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003119500-13.
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Radinja, Matej, Joaquim Comas, Lluis Corominas, and Nataša Atanasova. "Multi-criteria Evaluation of Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems." In New Trends in Urban Drainage Modelling. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99867-1_45.
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Deletic, Ana, Kefeng Zhang, Behzad Jamali, et al. "Modelling to Support the Planning of Sustainable Urban Water Systems." In New Trends in Urban Drainage Modelling. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99867-1_2.
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de Sousa Moretti, Ricardo, and Edson Aparecido da Silva. "Urban Drainage and Sewage Systems: Diffuse Pollution and System’s Interconnection." In Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95846-0_186.
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de Sousa Moretti, Ricardo, and Edson Aparecido da Silva. "Urban Drainage and Sewage Systems: Diffuse Pollution and System’s Interconnection." In Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70061-8_186-1.
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Hapsari, Ratih Indri, Muhammad Aly Kamil, and Medi Efendi. "Improving Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems through Topography-Based Design." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Science and Technology on Social Science 2023 (iCAST-SS 2023). Atlantis Press SARL, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-202-6_68.
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La Rosa, Daniele, and Viviana Pappalardo. "Policies and Planning of Urban Green Infrastructure and Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems." In Future City. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75929-2_16.
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Loc, Hohuu, K. N. Irvine, and Nirakar Pradhan. "Social-Based Exploratory Assessment of Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (Suds)." In Modeling Methods and Practices in Soil and Water Engineering. Apple Academic Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b19987-9.
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Gichuhi, Getrude, and Stephen Gitahi. "Sustainable Urban Drainage Practices and Their Effects on Aquifer Recharge." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_67.
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AbstractBetween 1994 and 2006, an 18% increase of freshwater flow into the earth’s ocean was recorded, as well as extreme weather events such as prolonged drought and intense floods. Following this period was an era of increased evaporation from oceans and seas, which heightened global warming in Africa. This chapter proposes the use of man-made aquifers recharge processes as methods of draining water into the soil before the runoff water reaches water bodies. Source control involves controlling the volume of water entering drainage systems or rivers by cutting off runoff water through storing for reuse or evapotranspiration as seen in green roofs. Pre-treatment is the use of trenches to filter and remove contaminants from water before getting to water bodies. Retention systems on the other hand is controlling the rate at which water is discharged to waterways by providing water storage areas such as ponds, water retention areas, etc., while Infiltration Systems are areas that allow natural soaking of stormwater runoff to the ground naturally recharging the water table. The proposed methods will see replenishing of the water table, a great leap in the efforts of curbing global warming. This practice can easily be adopted by both individuals and government as we build more and more buildings creating a balance between the need for human settlement and the natural way of water replenishing itself. The methods do not introduce extra costs to an already existing budget. In some cases, the methods help to reduce the costs of projects especially in urban areas. Africa which hosts many of the growing countries sees and will continue to experience surges in urbanization. For such, these methods presented in this topic will be, if implemented, a best method to solve the urban drainage problems before this even occurs.
Conference papers on the topic "Sustainable urban drainage systems"
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Ursino, N. "Reliability analysis of sustainable storm water drainage systems." In URBAN WATER 2014. WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/uw140131.
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Andoh, Robert Y. G., and Kenneth O. Iwugo. "Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems: A UK Perspective." In Ninth International Conference on Urban Drainage (9ICUD). American Society of Civil Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40644(2002)19.
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Schlüter, W., A. Spitzer, and C. Jefferies. "Performance of Three Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems in East Scotland." In Ninth International Conference on Urban Drainage (9ICUD). American Society of Civil Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40644(2002)18.
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Rodríguez-Rojas, M. I., F. Huertas-Fernández, G. Martínez, and B. Moreno. "The use of urban drainage systems in sustainable cities." In SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING 2016. WIT Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sdp160651.
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Marchioni, M., and G. Becciu. "Permeable pavement used on sustainable drainage systems (SUDs): a synthetic review of recent literature." In URBAN WATER 2014. WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/uw140161.
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Miguez, M. G., J. M. Bahiense, O. M. Rezende, and A. P. Veról. "New urban developments: flood control and LID—a sustainable approach for urban drainage systems." In The Sustainable City 2012. WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sc120391.
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Hanayni, Fadhila, and Muhammad Sulaiman. "Evaluation of Urban Drainage System as a Flood Control in Klitren Urban Village." In The 2nd International Conference on Technology for Sustainable Development. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-6t3343.
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Flooding that often happens during the rainy season in Klitren urban village is caused by reducing open space as water catchment areas [1]. It happens due to several factors, including a large amount of land that has been converted into residential areas and unsustainable existing drainage systems. To evaluate the amount of runoff produced by the area, the writer conducted a simulation using EPA SWMM 5.1 software. The simulation is conducted to compare how much runoff is generated by the area and how much water is collected according to the drainage system's capacity. Modeling alternatives used including the existing condition and other alternatives such as implementing green infrastructure installations. From the results of the analysis conducted in the study location, the runoff decreased from 3,09 m3/s to 2,92 m3/s, and the runoff decreased by 5,5%. Then, it can be used as a reference for implementing green infrastructure in urban areas.
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Abdulraheem, Sahar, and Nawari O. Nawari. "Sustainable Techniques for Public School in Florida: Application of the Sustainable Urban Drainage System (SUDS)." In ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2015 Power Conference, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2015-49805.
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Floods are among the most common natural hazards in Florida. They are threatening the safety and economic welfare of Floridians. Every year Florida spends millions of dollar to mitigate direct flood damages. Amongst the effective solutions to these flood damages is the control of urban drainage in school buildings and nearby grounds to conserve and preserve natural resources and to promote sustainable thinking. This paper discusses how public schools in Florida can benefit from sustainable techniques by applying the sustainable urban drainage system (SUDS) to school designs. The article also illustrates how Florida can use school sites as double functions to provide an active educational environment and to manage storm water runoff at the same time. Construction costs estimation for sustainable techniques is calculated based on data available for the year 2011 and compared with the conventional construction methods for schools. The result indicates a high initial cost that can easily be offset by considering the cost of conventional drainage structure, conserved storm water, flooding impact, storm water sewage disposal, and other measures.
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Wolf, D. F., A. M. Duffy, and K. V. Heal. "Whole Life Costs and Benefits of Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems in Dunfermline, Scotland." In International Low Impact Development 2015. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479025.043.
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Mittal, Aashna, Jessica Nguyen, Lisa Scholten, and Zoran Kapelan. "UrbanLemma: A serious game to support the adoption of sustainable urban drainage solutions." In 2nd WDSA/CCWI Joint Conference. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/wdsa-ccwi2022.2022.14138.
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Long-term planning of urban drainage systems is required to prevent pluvial flooding and the effects of droughts. Sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS), e.g., permeable pavements, detention ponds, and rainwater harvesting systems are increasingly used to manage water and build resilience in urban environments. However, the adoption of these solutions remains low due to various socio-institutional barriers. Improving awareness about SUDS and highlighting their multifunctional benefits and trade-offs through an engaging medium could help address these barriers. Serious games provide an immersive and engaging experience that can be used to motivate and impart knowledge or train skills to improve decision-making. The potential of serious games to support the adoption of SUDS has not been investigated so far. This paper presents the proof-of-concept of the serious game UrbanLemma, designed to improve awareness and decision-making of stakeholders about SUDS along with the additional goals of increased engagement and communication among stakeholders. Initial results from play-test sessions conducted with researchers at TU Delft are presented and lessons learned from the game development process are discussed.
Reports on the topic "Sustainable urban drainage systems"
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Yue, Yunfeng. Making Urban Power Distribution Systems Climate-Resilient. Asian Development Bank, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps220221.
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This working paper is designed to help ADB’s developing member countries build climate-resilient energy systems that can better support fast-growing cities in Asia and the Pacific. It shows how the COVID-19 pandemic underscored the urgent need for improved power networks and outlines why social inclusion should be central to energy system planning. Using actual examples from countries including India and Bangladesh, the study analyzes the risks and reliability of different energy solutions. Proposing a risk-based approach to energy system planning, it also considers the role that renewables and microgrids can play in building the climate-resilient infrastructure needed to support sustainable urban growth.
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Vonk, Jaynie. Sustainable Water and Sanitation in Zambia: Impact evaluation of the 'Urban WASH' project. Oxfam GB, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.7284.
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The ‘Urban WASH' project was implemented in George and Chawama compounds in Lusaka between July 2013 and June 2017 by Oxfam and Village Water Zambia. The project aimed to improve provision and sustainable management of WASH services by engaging citizens to hold duty bearers and service providers to account. Oxfam collaborated with local institutions on an array of activities, engaging stakeholders to create a conducive environment for service provision and improving capacities and practices. This Effectiveness Review evaluates the success of this project to increase the sustainability of water and sanitation systems and services. Using a quasi-experimental evaluation design, we assessed impact among households in the intervention communities and in a comparison community. We combined the household-level quantitative assessment with analysis of community-level qualitative Key Informant Interviews, carried out with relevant institutional representatives. Find out more by reading the full report now.
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Scholl, Lynn, Margareth Celse L'Hoste, Oscar Quintanilla, and Alejandro Guerrero. Approach paper: Comparative Case Studies: IDB Supported Urban Transport Projects. Inter-American Development Bank, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010559.
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The IDB's support for Urban Transportation projects in Latin America has grown rapidly in recent years, with annual lending volume for the urban transport sector growing by 36% from 2005 to 2012, comprising more than 20 percent of the transport sector lending portfolio by 2012. This support is likely to continue growing in the next decade due to several institutional commitments, programs, and strategies, including the GCI-9 Agreement, the Sustainable Transport Action Plan (REST-AP), the Sustainable Cities Program, and the Rio+20 Commitments. The objective of these comparative case studies is to identify lessons learned from Bank supported integrated mass transit projects involving bus rapid transit (BRT) systems as a central component. In light of the growing importance of urban transport sector in the region and in the Bank's portfolio, the evaluation findings will help identify factors that affect the successes, challenges, and barriers to effective implementation Bank supported integrated urban transport system projects and inform future Bank urban transportation operations, as well as identify possible future urban transportation evaluation needs.
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Vonk, Jaynie. Sustainable Water and Sanitation in DRC: Impact evaluation of the ‘Sustainable WASH in Fragile Contexts (SWIFT 1)’ project. Oxfam GB, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2022.8717.
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Between April 2014 and March 2018, the SWIFT Consortium, led by Oxfam with Tearfund and ODI as members, carried out the 'SWIFT 1' project in DRC and Kenya to provide access to water and sanitation and to promote basic hygiene practices. In DRC, the consortium worked with implementing partners HYFRO, CEPROSSAN, and PPSSP in rural and semi-urban areas in three eastern provinces – North Kivu, South Kivu and Maniema. This Effectiveness Review evaluates the success of this project to increase the sustainability of water and sanitation systems and services. It focuses on measuring benefits attributable to additional activities the project carried out in rural areas, above and beyond the national ‘Villages et Ecoles Assainis’ (VEA) approach. Using a quasi-experimental evaluation design, impact is assessed among individuals and their households in intervention and comparison communities in Kirotshe and Mweso Health Zones in North Kivu. Find out more by reading the full report now.
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Lucas, Brian. Urban Flood Risks, Impacts, and Management in Nigeria. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.018.
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This summary reviews evidence on the urban flooding impact, risk factors, and management and mitigation measures in Lagos and other cities in Nigeria. Flooding is a common problem every year in many cities across Nigeria, but the impacts of flooding are poorly documented. There is no consistent set of statistics at a national or sub-national level that can be used to compare the impacts of flooding across cities, and reports that focus on particular flood events are often incomplete. The literature notes the principal factors contributing to flood risk including uncontrolled urban growth, inadequate and poorly-maintained drainage systems, solid waste management practices, weakness in institutional capacity and coordination, and warning systems and public awareness. The evidence base for flood impacts, risks, and mitigation efforts at the city level in Nigeria is limited, and much of the information available is low quality, inconsistent, or outdated. Many rely on surveys of city residents rather than objective empirical data, and some of these surveys appear to be poorly designed. A significant number of the academic publications available have been published in non-mainstream journals without the usual level of academic peer review. Recent information is scarce, and a significant amount of the available evidence dates from 2011 and 2012, which coincides with an episode of nationwide flooding that was among the worst in Nigeria’s history.
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Tehrani, Fariborz M., Kenneth L. Fishman, and Farmehr M. Dehkordi. Extending the Service-Life of Bridges using Sustainable and Resilient Abutment Systems: An Experimental Approach to Electrochemical Characterization of Lightweight Mechanically Stabilized Earth. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2023.2225.
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Bridges are critical components of transportation infrastructure. This research addresses the need to extend the service life of bridges by improving the safety and reliability of bridge abutments and reducing their life-cycle cost and footprints. Mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) is a known strategy to enhance the economy and performance of bridge abutments. In addition, the application of rotary-kiln-manufactured lightweight aggregate backfills improves the performance of MSE bridge abutments with a leaner structural system. Such improvements include a reduction of structural demands due to a lower density, free drainage of granular materials, a high internal friction angle, less settlement with no consolidation, and accelerated construction requiring less compaction effort. This project aims to assess the electrochemical properties of expanded shale, clay, and slate (ESCS) aggregates and their influence on the corrosion of embedded steel strips. The experimental methodology involves evaluating current testing methods to measure electrical resistivity, pH, sulfate, chloride, and corrosion considering various gradation, moisture, dilution, and curing conditions. Samples represent available sources of ESCS with one source of normal weight aggregates for comparison. Results indicate the appropriateness of ESCS for addressing corrosion in MSE backfills. Further, outcomes provide guidelines to categorically predict the corrosivity of steel reinforcement when ESCS is employed as fill within MSE systems. These guidelines can help optimize the design and reduce the need to maintain and rehabilitate bridges, abutments, and approach and departure slabs on roadways to keep transportation systems safe and cost-efficient for sustainable infrastructure.
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Mangrulkar, Amol, Archita S, Elizabeth Shilpa Abraham, and Pooja Sagar. Flowing Towards Sustainability: Innovations in Campus Water Management. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/9788195847372.
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This book explores the intricate relationship between urbanization, water security, and climate change, emphasizing the challenges faced by cities distanced from traditional water sources. Focusing on the megacity of Bengaluru, the text highlights the urgency for innovative, sustainable approaches in the Anthropocene era, where climate change and pollution threaten water resources and human well-being. The IIHS Kengeri Campus in Bengaluru serves as a ground-breaking experiment, employing a multidisciplinary approach to develop resilient and sustainable urban water systems. This “living laboratory” integrates science, planning, design, nature-based solutions, and digital technology to address water-related behavior and promote sustainable water use. The experiment at the Campus aims to create climate-resilient cities with universal water access, contributing to healthier ecosystems and more equitable urban lives.
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Muhoza, Cassilde, Wikman Anna, and Rocio Diaz-Chavez. Mainstreaming gender in urban public transport: lessons from Nairobi, Kampala and Dar es Salaam. Stockholm Environment Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2021.006.
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The urban population of Africa, the fastest urbanizing continent, has increased from 19% to 39% in the past 50 years, and the number of urban dwellers is projected to reach 770 million by 2030. However, while rapid urbanization has increased mobility and created a subsequent growth in demand for public transport in cities, this has not been met by the provision of adequate and sustainable infrastructure and services. The majority of low-income residents and the urban poor still lack access to adequate transport services and rely on non-motorized and public transport, which is often informal and characterized by poor service delivery. Lack of access to transport services limits access to opportunities that aren’t in the proximity of residential areas, such as education, healthcare, and employment. The urban public transport sector not only faces the challenge of poor service provision, but also of gender inequality. Research shows that, in the existing urban transport systems, there are significant differences in the travel patterns of and modes of transport used by women and men, and that these differences are associated with their roles and responsibilities in society. Moreover, the differences in travel patterns are characterized by unequal access to transport facilities and services. Women are generally underrepresented in the sector, in both its operation and decision-making. Women’s mobility needs and patterns are rarely integrated into transport infrastructure design and services and female users are often victims of harassment and assault. As cities rapidly expand, meeting the transport needs of their growing populations while paying attention to gender-differentiated mobility patterns is a prerequisite to achieving sustainability, livability and inclusivity. Gender mainstreaming in urban public transport is therefore a critical issue, but one which is under-researched in East Africa. This research explores gender issues in public transport in East Africa, focusing in particular on women’s inclusion in both public transport systems and transport policy decision-making processes and using case studies from three cities: Nairobi, Kampala and Dar es Salaam.
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Vonk, Jaynie. Sustainable Water and Sanitation in Sierra Leone: Impact evaluation of the ‘Improved WASH Services in WAU and WAR Districts’ project. Oxfam GB, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2021.8401.
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Between October 2016 and March 2019, the Freetown WASH Consortium, led by Oxfam with Against Hunger, Concern Worldwide and Save the Children as members, carried out the 'Improved WASH Services in Western Area Urban (WAU) and Western Area Rural (WAR) Districts' project. Broadly, the project aimed to improve the availability, accessibility, affordability and sustainability of integrated water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services, in alignment with the Government of Sierra Leone's national agenda on Ebola recovery and increased preparedness against possible future outbreaks. This Effectiveness Review evaluates the success of this project to increase the sustainability of water and sanitation systems and services. Using a quasi-experimental, mixed method evaluation design, impact is assessed among individuals, households and communities in intervention and comparison areas. Community-level factors contributing to better individual- and household-level outcomes are explored. Find out more by reading the full report now.
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Krishnamurthy, Ranjani, Gayathri Sarangan, Abhilaasha Nagarajan, et al. Gender and Social Inclusion Across the Sanitation Chain in Tamil Nadu – Assessment and Strategy. Indian Institute for Human Settlements, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24943/gsiatnas10.2019.
Full textAbstract:
The Government of Tamil Nadu (GoTN) has prioritised the full sanitation chain, including the strengthening of septage management as an economical and sustainable complement to networkbased sewerage systems. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) is supporting the GoTN to achieve the Sanitation Mission of Tamil Nadu through the Tamil Nadu Urban Sanitation Support Programme (TNUSSP). TNUSSP Phase I (2015-2018) was designed to support GoTN and selected cities in making improvements along the entire urban sanitation chain. In the second phase (2018– 2020), TNUSSP seeks to go one step further and integrate a gender and social inclusion (GSI) perspective within its interventions at two sites – the city of Tiruchirappalli (Trichy), and the two town panchayats (TPs) of Periyanaicken-Palayam (PNP) and Narasimhanaicken-Palayam (NNP) in Coimbatore district – along the urban sanitation cycle and in its support provided at the State level.