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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Suverenina'
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1
Verčinská, Zuzana. "Medzinárodná arbitráž a suverenita štátu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-161702.
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Ústrednou témou práce je súvislosť medzi arbitrážnym konaním a princípom imunity suverénneho štátu. Vo vzájomnej interakcii sú diskutované a na konkrétnych, v odbornej literatúre často citovaných rozhodcovských nálezoch, rozsudkoch, zákonných úpravách a medzinárodných zmluvách ilustrované špecifické otázky suverenity (imunity) štátu v spojitosti s arbitrážnym konaním. Práca si kladie za cieľ zhrnutie záverov ohľadom arbitrability, vzniku a interpretácie arbitrážnych dohôd a spôsobilosti štátu do nich vstupovať, imunity štátu z jurisdikcie, imunity štátu z exekúcie a spôsobu, akým sa štát tejto imunity vzdáva alebo môže vzdať.
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Charvát, Martin. "Národní stát v etapě nové globalizace." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-74550.
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The thesis aims to describe the changing position of a nation state in contemporary economic-political structure as a result of globalization processes. The object of interest is the interrelation of state with transnational actors, but also other states with regard to the concept of competitiveness.
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Vedralová, Zuzana. "People´s Republic of China at the United Nations-voting and how it corresponds to Chinese foreign policy." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-191951.
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This thesis focuses on the correlation of the UNSC voting behaviour of the People's Republic of China and its foreign policy. China's importance as a global power at the platform of the UN has been rising ever since 1971, the year of China's admittance as a new member of the UN and more importantly also the permanent member of the Security Council with the power of veto. Given that the veto power strongly influences the actions of the UNSC, its use has served as a major indicator of what issues are considered as most unfavourable and threatening to China's national interests and foreign policy goals. This thesis elaborates on the development of the foreign policy of China, which has changed significantly since the year of its acquired UN membership but has also kept many principles, present even before the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949. By specifically concentrating on the individual cast vetoes, also considering the use of a so-called hidden veto and the reasons behind them being cast, this thesis tries to find out, how China has been using its veto power with regards to its declared foreign policy objectives within the UN Security Council.
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Uzelman, Alexandra. "The transformation of the concept of the Westphalian sovereignty within the EU Common Foreign and Security Policy." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-164218.
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The work overviews the formation process of the European integration after the end of the Cold war and also the evolution of the notion of 'the Westphalian sovereignty' in the framework of the maintenance of the EU CFSP. It is assumed that under the conditions of a political transformation of the category 'the Westphalian sovereignty' in the framework of the EU CFSP it is intensified and requires again as a special political and practical attention, as scientific elaboration in order to figure out the perspectives of the development of the EU as the whole. As the object of this work the category of 'the Westphalia sovereignty' and its evolution in the framework of the European integration processes are taken. The subject of the work is connected with the analysis of the phenomenon of the Westphalian sovereignty in the frames of building of common European defense and security policy of the EU. The main purpose of the work is closely entwined with the identification of significant peculiarities of the ongoing transformation of the CFSP and their influence on the category of 'the Westphalian sovereignty'.
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Novotná, Markéta. "Mezinárodní rozměr imigrační politiky." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201125.
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The relation between the immigration policies and state sovereignty in the European Union (EU) is both a most topical and controversial issue. The dissertation is conceived as a disciplinary interpretative study based on the concept of four types of sovereignty by S. Krasner. This approach allows to interpret the seeming contradiction between a state perceived as a sole actor in the area of immigration policy and the communitarization of the immigration policy at the EU level. By using the analysis of discourse as well as of practice, this thesis acknowledges shifts of power to the EU, but stresses that these shifts represent strengthening of other factors of power and control at the same time. Thus, in certain, particularly security, aspects, European harmonization of immigration policy can reinforce state sovereignty. It applies to the external as well as internal dimensions of the EU immigration policy that a part of the policy remains to be decided at the national level. Nevertheless, also the communitarized area offers the member states a significant room for discretion. Thus, there is still considerable tension between the idea of solidarity between member states on one hand and their national interests on the other and the common European immigration policy remains to be achieved in future.
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Polák, Michal. "Důvody nuceného krmení vězňů na Guantánamu v kontextu Foucaultovy teorie moci." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-336983.
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Aim of this paper is to explain used forced feeding of hunger strikers at the U.S. Prison at Guantanamo, when this technique is prohibited in international law. I used the sociology of Michel Foucault, who devoted himself to the topic of imprisonment. His work is often used in the interpretation of what is happening at Guantanamo. With the help of these interpretations were generated two hypotheses. I tested compiled hypotheses in study of literature including news articles, research papers, reports of human rights organizations, legislation, interviews with former camp detainees or camp staff etc. We conclude that the prisoners at Guantanamo are not fed to be kept alive, but rather to be punished for a hunger strike protest. The conclusions highlight a new form of relationship between state and its citizens, which calls for more comprehensive analysis of current form of government, which we are not able to cover in this work.
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Jirovec, Tomáš. "Suverenita státu v kontextu evropského práva." Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-296994.
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The master's degree thesis focuses on the issue of transition in understanding the term "state sovereignty", influenced throughout the last decades by the continual deepening of integration processes on the European continent, which are shielded on the European Union platform. The thesis ought to serve primarily the students of education schools and the social sciences teachers at high schools as a tool for comprehending the complex matter of European integration and its influence on the nature of the member states. It points out how the role of state, state symbols and mainly the state's substantial component, its sovereignty, change under the influence of the mentioned tendencies. The topic is approached in the context of international, mainly European law, therefore the analysis of the European Union is included, in terms of its genesis, the structure of its legal order and the European institutions. The role of the Czech Republic in this process is described as well, and the same applies to necessary changes, especially of constitutional character, that must have been carried out by the Czech Republic in order to be prepared for fulfilling its obligations, resulting from the European Union membership. The closing part of the thesis depicts the current issues in the field of European integration, which...
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Píša, Radek. "Suverenita parlamentu : podstata, vývoj a důsledky pro soudní přezkum normotvorby." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-327865.
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My thesis deals with the legal concept of sovereign Parliament, the very keystone of British constitution according to A. V. Dicey. This model has been challenged both normatively and descriptively. Concerning the normative point of view, concept of unlimited sovereignty is incoherent. Descriptively, courts don't simply take the parliamentary supremacy for granted, even if they say so. Relationship between the Parliament and courts is certainly more complex than Dicey suggested. Goals of this thesis are rather tentative. Since the popularity of this topic among British constitutional lawyers, comprehensive analysis is implausible due to the limited space. This paper aims to gather fundamental theories and disputes regarding the parliamentary sovereignty and its relationship with courts. In other words, it explores connection between the Parliament and courts in contemporary British constitution. First chapter analyses the constitutional conventions, which forms the basics of several other fundamental concepts in UK constitution. It suggests that there are no clear boundaries between law and conventions. Second chapter focuses on the general concept of sovereignty and Diceyan classic theory of Parliamentary sovereignty. There is also a brief explanation of sovereignty's connection to Scot's law....
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VESELÝ, Lukáš. "Federalistické principy Lisabonské smlouvy a jejich vliv na suverenitu členských států EU." Master's thesis, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-48170.
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This thesis analyses Treaty of Lisbon in order to reveal federalist principles contained in this new reformative treaty. This will enable to infer the impact on the sovereignty of the EU member states in case the Treaty of Lisbon would be ratified.
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Štica, Petr. "Oprávnění a hranice státní suverenity v imigrační politice - Přistěhovalecká politika z pohledu křesťanské sociální etiky." Doctoral thesis, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-278758.
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Belling, Vojtěch. "Pojem suverenity u Thomase Hobbese a Samuela Pufendorfa a jeho role v konstituci moderního pojetí státu." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-338550.
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It is a topos of postmodern law and political philosophy to speak about the "change" of the concept of sovereignty, and to put the current forms of state existence in opposition to the "classical" theory of sovereignty. The theoretical content of this "classical" doctrine is too easy identified with the empirical reality of the Westphalian state system and understood as an apotheosis of the autonomous, independent states and legal systems. In this thesis I have therefore tried to investigate the logical core of the doctrine of sovereignty of two important political philosophers of the 17th century, Thomas Hobbes and Samuel Pufendorf. Based on the analysis of the central works of both authors, in the light of the latest research, the work shows that their understanding of sovereignty can only be understood with the help of the analysis of the concept of fictitious (or fictitiously) created artificial (moral) person. Sovereignty is no term for an empiricial force or violence, but the name for an imaginative absolute power that is connected to the artificial sphere of fictitious legal reality which is radically separated from the empirical world. The "sovereign power of the Commonwealth" is related to the fictional character of the state, which is identical to the concept of people (populus). The...
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Hauserová, Michaela. "Pobyt ozbrojených sil jiných států na území České republiky." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-339864.
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The aim of this study is to serve as an introduction to the legal issues dealing with the presence of foreign states' armed forces in the territory of the Czech Republic and in any other receiving states' territory. Czech Republic has ultimate sovereignty under international law. It has supreme independent authority over her geographic area and is only restricted by the sovereignty of other states, international law itself and by freely accepted commitments. Chapter One is introductory and defines how as a consequence of its status as a sovereign state, Czech Republic joins international and supranational organisations and is part of many bilateral and multilateral security agreements. Such acts of its free will serve as a complex system of security measures that every state needs to undertake in order to secure its geographic area and its population. National security and safety is linked to international peace and security. One without the other cannot exist. Due to rapid developments and globalised world, the threats to states' security has changed. Nowadays, states need to face not only military threats, but non-military threats as well, such as economical, environmental, social or political challenges. States use multiple instruments for the purpose of overcoming these threats. One of the...
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Marek, Vojtěch. "Mediální obraz programů politických stran KDU-ČSL, SPOZ, Suverenity a Strany zelených po volbách do PS PČR 2010." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-336436.
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This thesis presents and analyzes the media image of political programs of parties Christian and Democratic Union - Czechoslovak People's Party, Green Party, Party of Civic Rights - Zemanovci and Sovereignty after parliamentary elections in 2010 in programs of publice service media Czech Television and Czech Radio Political Spectrum and Twenty Minutes of Radiojournal. The theoretical part is introduced by description of the relationship between public service media and political sphere together with the different approaches to the study and exploration of public service media. There is a description of concepts of news coverage in the media public service generally as well specifically in the Czech Republic. This thesis also includes a description of management concepts of broadcasting public service media. Further more ale explained ideas of impartiality, objectivity and balance in public service media. The last area of theoretical part presented political programs of examined parties and surveyed programs. After the introduction of a methodology practical section contains a description of the results of the author's research. The final part of the thesis contains the interpretation of results and recommendations for further research.
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Marek, Vojtěch. "Mediální obraz programů politických stran KDU-ČSL, SPOZ, Suverenity a Strany zelených po volbách do PS PČR 2010." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-338800.
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This thesis presents and analyzes the media image of political programs of parties Christian and Democratic Union - Czechoslovak People's Party, Green Party, Party of Civic Rights - Zemanovci and Sovereignty after parliamentary elections in 2010 in Czech public service media - Czech Press Agency, Czech Television and Czech Radio. In the theoretical part of the thesis are presented political party programs in the period 2010-2013, and also briefly introduced Czech public service media, their historical development or their current position in the media world. The practical part contains an analysis of textual and audiovisual content of individual media in the selected time period and focuses on the search for mentions of individual program points. Minor, but for understanding the role of public service media is an important part that compares the situation of position Czech public service media with those from another countries. The practical part then also examines the situation in the Czech world media after parliamentary elections in 2013 and if there are any consequences based on these results. Hypothesis of work - proof unevenly provided media space by Czech Press Agency, Czech Television and Czech Radio to four non-parliamentary parties that based on the results of parliamentary elections in...
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Veselý, Tomáš. "Living in the Droneworld: A Re-Assessment of Realist Conception of Sovereignty." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-435972.
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This work assesses the evolving link between drone warfare and the concept of state sovereignty. In doing so, the paper critiques the existing realist and neo- realist discourses that maintain anthropocentric and state-centric assumptions in the analysis of not only the field of Security Studies, but International Relations as a whole. The phenomenon of drone warfare proves the opposite of such assumptions. The role of the state, and indeed the human, is continually decreasing with the involvement of hybrid actors. The drone is the embodiment of complex hybridity combining human and non-human actors alike. To better understand the contemporary execution of sovereignty, particularly in its role of maintaining the monopoly on violence, this paper will explore the premises of post-human perspectives in International Relations. In particular, this paper is inspired by the insights of Actor-Network Theory (ANT), which emphasises equal analysis of human and non-human actors. Sovereignty remains a relevant topic, but through the involvement of hybrid actors, it is devolving into a seemingly arbitrary distribution of violence. The role of human actors in drone warfare is decreasing with the technological improvement of military drones and the military demand for increased drone autonomy. As a result,...
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Havel, Tomáš. "Idea suverenity lidu a systém politických stran v tzv. první Československé republice (1918 - 1938) a v České republice od roku 1993." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-348940.
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The idea of sovereignty of the people offers a concept which allows searching for legitimacy of power. The legitimacy of power is one of the key structures establishing a relation between those who govern and those who are governed. Whether this relation is accepted, acceptable, functional, desirable or undesirable is a matter of finding the very definition of sovereignty of the people as such. The aim of this doctoral thesis, titled The Concept of Sovereignty of the People and the Political Party System in the First Czechoslovak Republic (1918 - 1938) and in the Czech Republic since 1993, is, firstly, to define the concepts of the people, on one hand, and sovereignty, on the other hand, in the historical, political and legal context from the ancient times up to now while reflecting the role of political parties in relation to the sovereignty of the people. Secondly, this thesis aims at exploring and describing the functioning of the party systems in the interwar Czechoslovakia and in the Czech Republic after 1993. Thirdly, this thesis seeks to answer the following questions: who represents the people in liberal democracies which are based on sovereignty of the people; how do the people exercise their power; and what is the role of the political parties in this process.
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Heffernan, Nicolas. "The northward path of ambition : the Northwest Passage and why Canada needs to re-embrace liberal internationalism in the Arctic." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-341721.
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Seen as a valuable shortcut from Europe to Asia, the Northwest Passage could become an important shipping route, and Canada wants to be able to control it. However, the current Conservative Party government under Prime Minister Stephen Harper has led an aggressive, complex neorealist approach to securing sovereignty over the Passage consisting of loud diplomacy, military drills, and rejection of multilateral cooperation in the region. But this strategy that perceives Canada as a principle power is not sustainable. The government must accept that Canada simply cannot afford to unilaterally control and develop the Northwest Passage, and a liberal internationalist approach is what is needed. Rather than continuing to fight for international acknowledgment that the Passage is a domestic strait, Canada needs to recognize that the strait can be managed and developed much more effectively if it oversaw a multilateral development effort through the International Maritime Organization. This thesis will consist of five chapters: 1. The history of Canada and the Northwest Passage, 2. The benefits of a more accessible Arctic, 3. Challenges to developing a more open Arctic, 4. Three theoretical perspectives of Canadian foreign policy, 5. Returning to multilateralism: and effective Northwest Passage policy. Powered by...
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Duda, Jan. "Stát a válka: vývoj konceptu." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-296325.
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The history of international law, understood as an object of intersubjective reality, reflected various territorial structures of human society. States, as bearers of international law, were made in course of history by wars that they led with each other. On the basis of thought of Carl Schmitt we can distinguish two historical structures of territory: the universal medieval empire and the modern sovereign states. Both of these structures were connected with distinct systems of international law and with distinct concepts of war. Since the turn of 19th and 20th century we can observe signs of decline of the Westphalian system of sovereign states. This process, accompanied by changes in concept of war, began to be fully expressed at the beginning of the 21st century in connection with so called war on terror. On the juridical concepts of war on terror and humanitarian intervention I show decline of the Westphalian system of sovereign states and possible return to the international structure of the medieval empire.
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Lubinová, Tereza. "Mezinárodní aktéři a koncept zhroucených států: případová studie Somálska." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-324179.
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This master thesis deals with the approaches of international actors, especially UN, EU and USA, to the concept of failed states, which are demonstrated on the illustrative example of a state of this category, i.e. Somalia. We think of failed states as a security threat, with which the international community provisionally cannot deal. The master thesis discusses how the international actors deal with this issue in terms of its solution and how they think of the failed states in terms of sovereignty. On the selected case of Somalia it is subsequently illustrated that approaches of selected international actors are not very heterogeneous. The international community agrees to support the central government, although it is not recognized in the whole territory of the state, and endeavors to rebuild a functional state. Although the state is internally totally dysfunctional, its external sovereignty is still recognized.
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Trčka, Michal. "Fenomén deteritorializace: Vysílání pracovníků do České republiky." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409397.
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The thesis deals with the general problematic aspects of posting workers within the European Union in connection with the European Commission's proposal for a revision of Directive 96/71/EC and analyses the structure of selected discourse in the debate on the given proposal. Posting, in this thesis, is regarded as a specific manifestation of the phenomenon of deterritorialization, with an emphasis on posting workers to the Czech Republic. The phenomenon of deterritorialization is considered here in three basic forms: firstly, as the deterritorialization of the modern (European) state, secondly as the deterritorialization of its borders, and thirdly as the deterritorialization of labour. The thesis employs the method of critical discourse analysis and the discourse-historical approach developed by Ruth Wodak. It focuses on an analysis of the social, historical and political context of the issue of posting workers using selected theories dealing with the phenomenon of deterritorialization and posting workers in the EU. The main part of the thesis is an analysis of the reactions and discourse strategies of selected Czech stakeholders regarding the proposal for a revision of Directive 96/71/EC, in particular that of selected government representatives. The aim of the thesis is to demonstrate, using the...
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Šmejkal, Viktor. "Zásada zákonnosti daně." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-330354.
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The tax might be identifiable with a tax-law relationship or make it subject to such a relationship, i.e. it could be definable as a public obligation of a participant in the legal relationship, or might be able to both approaches. The starting point is the economic definition of taxe and precisely the functional definition used in economic theory and financial science, neatly summarized commonly available knowledge about the principles of tax, operand the analysis of the economic construction of the tax in terms of legal doctrine, by the structural elements of the tax, since the legal definition of tax lies on them. Contrary to what is commonly recognized, tax procedural rules in Czech Republic contain a general legal definition of tax. Refuted can be the view that this definition is merely a legislative abbreviation. After a relatively long exploration of the concept tax, forced by an insufficiency of theoretical knowledge on this subject, tax jurisdiction of the state is examined as the ability to impose taxes and at a same time the general requirement of legality on all levels of exercising that power of every sovereign state. KEY WORDS Tax - Legality - Tax principles - State - Tax sovereignty - Protection of property
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Gata-Aura, Navraj. "Česká republika a Spojené království: srovnání euroskepticismu." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-434136.
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Euroscepticism has recently started to enjoy a renaissance, boasting many different works in different formats whether it be a comparative study of two European countries or, investigating Euroscepticism in different national contexts to account for possible variations of Euroscepticism. This work aims to show the contrary. Using country case studies of the Czech Republic and the UK, this paper shows that regardless of temporal differences and differences in national contexts, Euroscepticism is intrinsically linked to some lines of argument concerning economy and democracy.
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Gata-Aura, Navraj. "Česká republika a Spojené království: srovnání euroskepticismu." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-358036.
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Euroscepticism has recently started to enjoy a renaissance, boasting many different works in different formats whether it be a comparative study of two European countries or, investigating Euroscepticism in different national contexts to account for possible variations of Euroscepticism. This work aims to show the contrary. Using country case studies of the Czech Republic and the UK this paper shows that regardless of temporal differences and differences in national contexts, Euroscepticism is intrinsically linked to some lines of argument concerning economy and democracy.
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Karmazin, Aleš. "Nezápadní přístupy ke státnosti." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-396195.
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This thesis studies the variation of sovereignty in the international order by analysing how the general model of sovereignty is localised in the political practice of two major non-Western rising powers - China and India. I argue that their sovereignty should be understood as liquid despite the fact that these two countries are very often seen as strong defenders of 'conservative', 'absolutist' or 'Westphalian' sovereignty. The empirical core of the thesis investigates China's approach to sovereignty in relation to Hong Kong and Taiwan and India's approach to sovereignty in relation to Bhutan and Kashmir. Based on theoretical eclecticism and pluralism, I develop a theoretical and analytical framework that accounts for constitution (construction) of the sovereignty of China and India but that also have potential for being applied more broadly. It is calibrated to elucidate that sovereignty is a liquid and fluid phenomenon. It is based on the debate between Hans Kelsen and Carl Schmitt and analytically enhanced by including the perspective of scaling (derived from Human Geography) and temporal positioning (inspired by International Relations debates on the role of time). I propose three key argument. First, I show that each of the analysed states simultaneously pursues two different modes of...
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Lemel, Ondřej. "Proměny role Québecu ve francouzské politice." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-304792.
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This thesis deals with transformations of French foreign policy towards Québec and Canada. The first president of the French Fifth Republic, Charles de Gaulle, as well as all his successors together with their administration supported Québec's international ambitions and its desire to be sovereign abroad in the areas that fall within its competence in internal politics according to the Canadian Constitution. This support took place mainly on the platform of Francophonie. In 1995, the presidential candidate at that time, Jacques Chirac, clearly supported sovereingty movement. After the referendum won by the federalists France started to gradually reconcile with the federal government of Canada in various international politics issues such as protection of cultural diversity and multilateralism. France is also worried that in case of Canada's separation, the English speaking rest of the country would get more easily under the influence of the United States of America. France does not intend to admit this scenario. Jacques Chirac during this twelve-year mandate was gradually deepening the cooperation with Ottawa. Nevertheless, Québec remains the privileged partner of France in the fields of culture and education that are key for French foreign policy. Former French president Nicolas Sarkozy was even clearly...
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Prokopová, Barbora. "Ruský pohled na vojenské intervence na základě principu "Responsibility to Protect"." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-347802.
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As a permanent member of the UN Security Council, the Russian Federation plays an important role in the debate over humanitarian interventions. These are defined by the Responsibility to Protect principle that allows international military intervention into internal political crisis of other countries in case the security of civilian population is in danger. Russia sent its army to Georgia in 2008 and Crimea in 2014 referring to this principle. However, it was Russia's reluctance to approve any intervention that governed the diplomatic negotiations during the Libyan civil war in 2011. The importance of the problem of various understanding of the R2P principle by different world powers is still crucial and is also clearly visible on the ongoing conflict in Syria. This thesis focuses on the approach of the Russian Federation to the Responsibility to Protect principle. It determines general factors that influence the issue of humanitarian intervention in the framework of Russian foreign policy, and puts Russian attitude to the overall context of the discussion about this principle. The thesis confirms the assumption that the R2P principle has become a Russian foreign policy instrument, which has been misused within the Russian sphere of interest and used to obstruct the interventions initiated by the...
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Szuma, Gabriel. "The Challenge of Modern Maritime Piracy for International Community." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-339901.
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Piracy is one of the oldest known illegal activities, and its very existence endangers the international arena due to its lawless nature and ruthless methods. Todays' piracy, particularly prominent in Africa and Asia, has contemporary political and social implications, and is viewed as a new threat to international order. The aim of this thesis is to present piracy as both local and regional issues, and an international problem, and to observe how these two separate perspectives come together. It analyses how modern-day piracy operates, where it thrives, and what are its geopolitical impacts. It also provides a valuable addition to current views on the state of global affairs and geopolitics; by examining international legislative and interventions created to tackle piracy, and by showing that their effectiveness is insufficient. The text argues that the role of states, their sovereignty, and their lack of it are closely connected to piracy, and that the international arena, and contemporary efforts of nations and international organisations to confront piracy are mainly driven by power struggles. It is concluded that piracy is a result of continuous global tensions, thus allowing this crime to exist and expand. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Petráková, Blanka. "Pojetí společenské smlouvy u Hobbese, Locka a Rousseaua." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-396242.
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The diploma thesis is focused on social contract theories, as presented by the philosophers Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. My research is based on Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes, Second Treatise of Government by John Locke and Discourses and The Social Contract by Jean-Jacque Rousseau. In their respective theories, these authors present their opinions on how any state comes to life through entering into a social contract and how it should operate. The aim of my thesis is to look into their theories and using method of comparison to determine how they correspond with each other on the fundamental aspects of their ideas. These include the natural state, the act of entering into a social contract, the sovereign, sovereignty and the order of state establishment. The research suggests that although the authors agree on some points, in some cases they differ significantly. It also shows the significant influence of the environments and events experienced by the authors during their lives, on the formation of their thoughts and theories. At the very end of the thesis there is a reflection on the legitimacy of the Constitution of the Czech Republic and the contribution of the theories of appointed authors to today's society.
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Lewis, Adam. "Preserving peace : Chechnya, Iraq and the U.S.-Russian relationship 1994-2005." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-321974.
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Lanková, Kateřina. "Sýrie a koncept responsibility to assist: nový přístup k řešení konfliktů?" Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372903.
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The main aim of the master thesis titled "Syria and the concept responsibility to assist: new approach towards conflict resolution?" is to find out whether the extension of the doctrine of responsibility to protect by the concept of responsibility to assist that is based on the support of nonviolent movements could work as a new approach towards conflict resolution and thanks to this it could constitute another way of international assistance and civilian protection in cases when it is the regime that perpetrates the violence against its own population. For this reason the thesis, via the Syrian civil war that offers wide range of internal responses to the violence perpetrated by the regime against civilians, focuses on three different forms of international involvement and assistance. These are the international military intervention under the third pillar of R2P, the backing of domestic violent groups and insurgents and last but not least the assistance to nonviolent movements and civil initiatives in the form of R2A as a potential expansion of the second pillar under the R2P doctrine. These approaches are analyzed with regard to the issues of state sovereignty and moral responsibility to protect civilians that arises from the inconsistency of these two aspects in relation to any kind of...
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Holý, Jakub. "Nietzsche a aristokratické hodnocení." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-329329.
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"Nietzsche and aristocratic ranking" tries to address and interpret relatively incoherent topic of the higher man and, specifically, aristocratic ranking. Basic concepts of Nietzsche's thoughts are shown through the thesis, specifically from Genealogy of Morality, The Dawn or The Gay Science. Some of those concepts are listed as follows: morality of custom, gradation, individual, autonomous individual, noble or blond beast and these concepts are then intertwined with aristocratic ranking. By that not only those basic concepts are clarified, but especially aristocratic ranking as such. Thesis aims to interconnect each of these motives and take interpretation to some important motives of Will to Power, which then helps the reader to understand broader context. Aristocratic ranking is shown as integral part of Nietzsche's thoughs and is then implied as inherent part of all basic motives that Nietzsche's work imply.
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Chmel, Marek. "Recentní reformy federalismu v německy mluvících zemích." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-352069.
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The purpose of this thesis is to acquaint the reader with the processes and the results of the recent reforms of federalism in Germany, Switzerland and Austria. It is remarkable that in spite of their historical, geographical and cultural proximity show these federal countries substantive differences in the institutional framework as well as in the execution of the reform procedures. This thesis considers also the potential possibility to (partly) apply the knowledge and experience of these reforms within the EU framework. Despite difficult comparison of the EU with the federal countries there are certain identical elements and processes, may it be the execution of the shared competences or reallocation of the public finances. In order to better understand these deliberations and due to the modest Czech literature on federalism and federations the thesis provides also historical perspective as well as broader theoretical background.
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Linková, Zuzana. "Koncept "Responsibility to Protect" v mezinárodním společenství. Případová studie Súdánu." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-321924.
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The thesis "Concept Responsibility to Protect Within International Community: Sudan Case Study" focuses on the R2P concept and its implications since its approval at the World Summit in 2005. The theoretical part of the thesis explains the R2P concept, its constitution, the three pillars and their main principles, and categories of crimes on which the concept can be applied. This section includes an analysis of attitudes, which the key international actors adopted towards the R2P. The last chapter of the theoretical part examines the main problems, challenges and difficulties of the concept which could the international community face when implementing the concept. The practical part of this thesis relates to the conflict in Darfur. Its first chapter deals with the evolution of tensions in Sudan, which had affected the current conflict. The second chapter focuses on the present conflict since its beginning in 2003, including the debate about the possibility of potential genocide committed by the Sudanese government. The involvement of the key international actors (the UNSC and AU) in the conflict is discussed in this part as well. Finally, the last part interconnects the concept through the three pillars with the conflict and; it evaluates functioning of the R2P in the case of Sudan. The evaluation...
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Baumruk, Petra. "The Still evolving Principle of Universal Jurisdiction." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-352952.
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The present study describes the nature, scope and application of universal jurisdiction as an important tool against impunity in international criminal law, in a straight forward manner, where inquiry into the recent developments of universal jurisdiction is undertaken. Forthwith, the formation of the principle of universal jurisdiction - especially its practical application - must be guided by international consensus, not through advocacy action of states with short term and narrow objectives. The thesis seeks to identify and observe how far the law of universal jurisdiction has actually evolved and how far we should expect it to evolve in the near future, considering its restrains and challenges. It is argued that the concept of state sovereignty, which constitutes the greatest impediment on the exercise of universal jurisdiction, has seen various changes to its fundamentals elements in the 21st Century. The aim is to look at the universality principle, not as an isolated part, but as part of a broader framework in modern international law and thus special attention is given to the relationship between universal jurisdiction and the principle of aut dedere aut judicare. These principles are interrelated, yet distinct, parallels in deterring commission of the most heinous offences of international...
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Hanžl, Pavel. "Mezinárodněprávní aspekty získávání informací zpravodajskými službami." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-351720.
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This diploma thesis deals with intelligence gathering and its international law aspects. The main research question of this diploma thesis is as follows: is the intelligence gathering legal from the point of view of international law? In light of recent scandals and accusations of secret services of illegal espionage, it is very important to find an answer to this question. There are almost no relevant Czech academic sources about this issue and foreign sources are rather contradictory. Included in the main research question are number of additional issues, such as: are there differences in legality between intelligence gathering during peacetime or wartime? What are the international law sources regarding espionage? Is the work of secret services affected by international law? Is international law relevant to espionage? As part of the introduction the diploma thesis outlines various intelligence gathering methods and defines relevant terms. The diploma thesis also addresses the issue of compatibility of espionage with the international law principle of non-intervention and state sovereignty. Next, three current approaches to the question of legality of espionage are presented to the reader and one new approach is introduced. Furthermore, the international implications of the unlawful behavior of...
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Mičko, Branislav. "Hraniční bariéry v moderním světě: faktory vedoucí k budování hraničních bariér po roce 1945." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-384644.
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The number of border barriers has increased rapidly in the last decades. These barriers appeared between the wealthy and the poor, between the stable and those ridden by civil wars, between traditional military rivals and even between partners in the integration process. This suggests that a complex theory is necessary to explain the phenomenon of border barrier building. The presented work aims to provide an answer to the question of why states build border barriers by the use of Schmitt's theory of state based on nomos, sovereignty and political unity in interaction with globalization. This theory served as a framework for establishing the independent variables, namely challenges to land-appropriation, challenges to sovereignty from military threat, challenges to sovereignty from cross-border ethnic group, challenges to political unity from irregular mass migration and finally challenges to political unity from terrorism. These were then tested using regression analysis with number of border barriers constructed by a state serving as a dependent variable. The results suggest that states that often face challenges to land-appropriation, to sovereignty coming from politicised cross-border ethnic groups and to political unity from irregular mass migration build more border barriers than those that...
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Burda, Tomáš. "Švédsko a evropská integrace v bezpečnostní sféře." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-313693.
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The thesis "Sweden and European Integration in the Field of Security" deals with the Swedish role in the military dimension of the EU"s Common Security Policy. The thesis applies the concept of "Integration Dilemma" that forms the basis of the theory of national integration policy formulated by Nikolaj Petersen. The thesis draws on Petersen"s premise that all states involved in integration sooner or later experience an integration dilemma constituted by difficult choices between preserving autonomy and exercising influence on other participants. According to Petersen the salience of the integration dilemma differs among states depending on their influence capability, stress sensitivity and degree of identification with ideological sources of integration. Petersen argues that to handle the dilemma, national governments will most likely use adaptive strategies typical for the "balancing policy" mode. Petersen also predicts that countries characterised by high stress sensitivity, limited influence capability and aloofness from the ethos of European integration will perceive the dilemma as highly salient. Petersen assumes that integration policies of those countries will also include strategies characteristic for the "acquiescent" or "quiescent" mode. Petersen"s hypotheses are tested in the analysis of...
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Esterle, Štěpán. "Analýza vztahu zásad sociální nauky církve a stanovisek hnutí Svoboda a přímá demokracie - Tomio Okamura." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-391401.
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This thesis is concerned with finding a relationship between the principles of Catholic social teaching and the written views of the Freedom and Direct Democracy - Tomio Okamura party as presented on the party's website. At the beginning of the thesis the reader is briefly introduced to individual principles of Catholic social teaching. For the purposes of this thesis five principles have been chosen which are mentioned in the Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church. These are the principles of human dignity, the common good, universal destination of goods, subsidiarity, and solidarity. Then the reader is acquainted with the basic views of the Freedom and Direct Democracy - Tomio Okamura party (SPD). By way of indicative research on the particular views of SPD, three topics are then formulated, which are most often mentioned by SPD. These consist of the European Union, foreign policy and migration. Comparison of these most frequently mentioned topics with Catholic social teaching and other relevant resources creates a base for further confrontation between Catholic social teaching principles and the views of SPD. Equally important for this confrontation are also other positions of the SPD party relating to particular social topics and also values of truth, freedom, fairness and love, which...
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Dumbrovský, Tomáš. "Soudcovská tvorba práva. Srovnání Evropského soudního dvora s Nejvyšším soudem USA." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-322465.
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JUDGE-MADE LAW COMPARISON BETWEEN THE COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES Keywords: judge-made law; the European Union; the Court of Justice of the European Union; the Supreme Court of the United States; judicialization of governance; Kelsenian court; European constitutional space; European constitution; normativity; constitutional pluralism; sovereignty; federalism; post-communist states; new Member States of the European Union. Standard page (that is 1800 characters per page) and word count (including footnotes; without the contents, bibliography and annexes): 327 standard pages; 82 795 words. The Ph.D. thesis offers a complex reconceptualization of the constitutional system in the European Union. The constitutional systems of the Member States have been substantially transformed during the 20th century. Meanwhile a new constitutional system functioning in the Member States alongside their own systems has emerged - the constitutional system of the European Union. These two fundamental changes are difficult to grasp through an existing theoretical framework. That is because the framework is based on a set of outdated concepts: (i) Rousseau's concept of volonté générale that forms the basis of the parliamentary supremacy in a constitutional system; (ii)...
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Pochopová, Nicole. "Analýza protiimigračních hnutí na území ČR: Blok proti islámu a Úsvit-národní koalice." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-357453.
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The current situation in politics is defined by the success of new political parties and movements, which are developed as a result of economic recession combined with European migration crisis. However, can we consider them as extreme right? Are these parties and movements ideologically empty, populist and demagogic or they forming a completely new kind of political groups? This issue interferes with current Western world but also the countries of middle and Eastern Europe. Thus, although it might appear to be a well-known topic, it is worth further research. This thesis is focused on new subjects in the territory of Czech Republic (ÚPD, ÚNK, SPD, BPI, BPi, IMK, 7. Republika, ApČR, ČS). The aim of this thesis is prediction of the future of these subjects in Czech environment and whether or not they could be identified as extreme right. The theoretical framework is extreme right by C. Mudde, the theory of islamophobia by A. Quellien enriched by the view of F. Lopez. Then also the definition of populism by P. Taggart and F. Pianizzo, completed with identification signs by V. Havlík and A. Pinková. In this thesis, quality and quantity content analysis of parties documents, web pages and profiles on Facebook is performed. Also, the author uses semi-structured questionnaires and interviews with chosen...