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1
Keanius, Erik. "Mathematical Optimization in SVMs." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för teknikvetenskap (SCI), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297492.
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In this thesis, support vector machines (SVMs) are studied from a mathematical optimization viewpoint. Both the linear case using hard-margin as well as soft-margin classification and the non-linear case using kernel functions are discussed. The theory of kernel Hilbert spaces is introduced and related to the non-linear SVM case. Moreover, fundamental theorems from optimization, including Lagrangian duality and KKT conditions, are introduced and proved. These theorems are then applied to the optimization problem of SVMs. Finally, the SVM optimization problem is implemented, solved, and visualized in Python.
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Örnjäger, Malin. "Svens krisberedskap : och förväntningar på samverkan." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-6620.
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Skogsbranden i Västmanland 2014 utvecklades till en samhällstörning som ställde höga krav på det svenska krisberedskapssystemet. Ett stort antal samhällsaktörer var involverade i insatsen som i efterhand har blivit föremål för granskning på flera håll. Insatsen har kritiserats bland annat för bristande samverkan och effektivitetsproblem. Den här studien undersöker varför insatsen drabbades av effektivitetsproblem och huruvida krisberedskapssystemets utformning påverkade. Med hjälp av teorin om byråpolitik som berör konkurrens mellan samverkanspartners har insatsen analyserats genom rapporter och utredningar. Utifrån det teoretiska ramverket har intressekonflikter, beslutsmandat och implementeringseffekter analyserats. Resultatet av analysen visar att effektivitetsproblem kan spåras till krisberedskapssystemets struktur. Studien menar vidare att styrande principer, ansvars-, likhets-, närhetsprincipen samt det geografiska områdesansvaret, i systemet bidrog till att en byråpolitisk beslutsstruktur uppstod vilket hämmade insatsens effektivitet. Därmed föreslås också att de förväntningar som krisberedskapssystemet etablerar på aktörer gällande samordning och samverkan kompletteras med en tillsynsfunktion.
3
Nguyen, Minh Hoai. "Segment-based SVMs for Time Series Analysis." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2012. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/202.
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Enabling computers to understand human and animal behavior has the potential to revolutionize many areas that benefit society such as clinical diagnosis, human-computer interaction, and social robotics. Critical to the understanding of human and animal behavior, and any temporally-varying phenomenon in general, is the capability to segment, classify, and cluster time series data. This thesis proposes segment-based Support Vector Machines (Seg-SVMs), a framework for supervised, weakly-supervised, and unsupervised time series analysis. Seg-SVMs outperform state-of-the-art approaches by combining three powerful ideas: energy-based structure prediction, bag-of-words representation, and maximum-margin learning. Energy-based structure prediction provides a principled mechanism for concurrent top-down recognition and bottom-up temporal localization. Bag-of-words representation provides segment-based features that tolerate misalignment errors and are computationally efficient. Maximum-margin learning, such as SVM and Structure Output SVM, has a convex learning formulation; it produces classifiers that are discriminative and less prone to over-fitting.
In this thesis, we show how Seg-SVMs outperform state-of-the-art approaches for segmenting, classifying, and clustering human and animal behavior in video and accelerometer data of varying complexity. We illustrate these benefits in the problems of facial event detection, sequence labeling of human actions, and temporal clustering of animal behavior. In addition, the Seg-SVMs framework naturally provides solutions to two novel problems: early detection of human actions and weakly-supervised discovery of discriminative events.
4
Heron, Gavin. "The effectiveness of Scottish vocational qualifications as a method of qualifying residential staff in children's homes." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2000. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21399.
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Working in children's homes is widely recognised as one of the most stressful and demanding roles within social work. Yet, unlike their fieldwork colleagues, residential staff have traditionally remained unqualified. This situation was altered in the early 1990's with the introduction of Scottish Vocational Qualifications (SVQs) as a method of qualifying residential child care workers. At the heart of SVQs is 'competence'. SVQs are 'independent' of learning and training and are designed to enable staff to be assessed as competent within the workplace. Whilst the need to have competent staff is clearly desirable, how it is achieved, or indeed measured, is far less evident. Essentially, any definition of competence will reflect a particular view of the responsibility of social work within contemporary society; a role that has been subject to considerable debate. Should social work, for example, focus on helping "individuals" and, or, does it have a responsibility to challenge the status quo, especially when structural inequalities prevail within society? In determining the nature of social work, the ability of any group to exert control over education and training has been central. Although SVQs have been widely implemented within social work, there has been minimal research regarding their impact on practice. This study examined SVQ Care: Promoting Independence (level III) within children's homes. The study focuses on the extent to which SVQs enhance practice and their function within a 'learning society'. The evidence presented in the study suggests that there are considerable deficiencies, both in terms of the SVQ format and the way in which children's homes are structured for the assessment of 'competence'. Rather than address the history of 'failure' within children's homes, SVQs have enabled the status quo to be maintained whilst creating an 'illusion' of change.
5
Granlund, Henrik. "Integration of SVRS into the modelling tool GOAT." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Computer and Information Science, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-51131.
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<p>This document is the final report to the thesis executed by Henrik Granlund at the University of Linköping. The thesis is a practical assignment which includes an extension of the currently existing modelling tool GOAT. The extension regards to a integration of the internet based security database, the SHIELDS SVRS. The report goes through an overview of how GOAT is designed and later also the parts that has been extended. There after follows a summary and discussion about the work.</p>
6
Wall, Scherer Josefine. "Vem hotar Upplysningen? : Om kunskapsproduktion i SVTs Idévärlden." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för etnologi, religionshistoria och genusvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-165392.
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ABSTRAKT Media har mycket makt och inflytande över människor samt stor frihet i att framställa vissa kroppar på vissa sätt. Tolkningen är alltid vår egen men utan ett kritiskt perspektiv osynliggörs de hegemoniska diskurser som media producerar där generaliseringar och stereotypiseringar används för att bygga upp en viss bild. I debatten om vad som är kunskap blir en kritisk blick viktig för att kunna ifrågasätta kunskapsproduktion. I denna studie granskas, genom diskursanalys som metod, media som kunskapsproducent utifrån ett populärvetenskapligt program med just Upplysningen som tema. Upplysningen, som kan ses som en början till en kritiskt tanketradition anses vara hotad. Den här studien går ut på att försöka förstå vem eller vad som skulle kunna vara hotet och på vilket sätt hotet tar sig uttryck. En slutsats är att genusvetenskapen som vetenskap kan ses som hotet. Att ifrågasätta de manliga upplysningsfilosofernas tankar och idéer samt deras upphöjdhet ses som hotfullt. Förnuft står i kontrast till känslan. Identitetspolitik som bygger på erfarenhet ses som motupplysning där vissa grupper ges tolkningsföreträden och därmed frikort från den förnuftiga argumentationen och samtalet. Nyckelord: kunskapsproduktion, upplysningen, genusvetenskap, identitetspolitik
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Berg, Claes. "Utan svans - inga tänder : Framgång ur ett logistikperspektiv." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-7541.
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Professionella militärer menar att logistik har en avgörande roll för krigföringen. Trots detta är det få forskare som studerat logistikens betydelse. Fram till 1900-talets senare hälft var området i stort sett outforskat men sedan dess har fler och fler intresserat sig för logistiken. Jämfört med exempelvis strategi är det få, och relativt små, studier som genomförts men alla är överens om att området är dåligt utforskat. De få teorier som utvecklats om logistikens betydelse har prövats av respektive författare men ingen har jämfört och ställt teorierna mot varandra. I en studie av Falklandskriget 1982 kommer därför logistikens roll för utgången av konflikten att undersökas ur två teoretiska perspektiv. Thomas M. Kanes teori om logistiken som skiljedomare och Mark Erbels & Christopher Kinseys teori om det logistiskstrategiska navet kommer båda att appliceras på fallet och resultatet användas för att jämföra teoriernas skillnader i syfte att visa på möjligheter för framtida teoriutveckling. Resultatet visar att logistik spelade en avgörande roll för utgången av Falklandskriget och att den sida som hade de bästa logistiska förutsättningarna segrare. De båda teorierna visar sig kunna förklara detta men de skiljer sig åt. Dessa skillnader och de frågor som skapas visar på behovet av ytterligare forskning om logistik och dess relation till strategi.
8
Tatar, Säde. "Blås östanvind / Stilanalysarbete om spilåpiparen Sväs Anders Ersson." Thesis, Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för folkmusik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kmh:diva-4222.
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Miranda, Péricles Barbosa Cunha de. "Arquitetura híbrida para otimização multi-objetivo de SVMs." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2013. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/12415.
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Previous issue date: 2013-02-22<br>Vem sendo dada grande atenção às Máquinas de Vetores de Suporte (SVMs) devido à sua fundamentação
teórica e seu bom desempenho quando comparadas a outros algoritmos de aprendizado
em diferentes aplicações. Porém, seu bom desempenho depende fortemente da escolha
adequada de seus parâmetros de controle. Como a abordagem de tentativa e erro se torna
impraticável devido às combinações entre os possíveis valores dos parâmetros, a seleção de
parâmetros passou a ser tratada como um problema de otimização, de modo que o objetivo é
encontrar a combinação de valores dos parâmetros mais adequada para um determinado problema.
Embora a utilização de algoritmos de otimização e busca automatizem a seleção de
parâmetros de SVM, ela pode se tornar inviável caso o número de parâmetros a serem selecionados
aumente consideravelmente. Uma alternativa é o uso de Meta-Aprendizado (MA), que
trata a tarefa de seleção de parâmetros como uma tarefa de aprendizado supervisionado. Cada
exemplo de treinamento para o MA (meta-exemplo) armazena características de problemas passados
e o desempenho obtido pelas configurações de parâmetros candidatas. Este conjunto de
meta-exemplos forma a meta-base, sendo esta utilizada para auxiliar no módulo de sugestão ou
meta-aprendiz. O meta-aprendiz tem a função de prever as configurações de parâmetros mais
adequadas para um problema novo baseado em suas características. Deste modo, MA se torna
uma alternativa menos custosa comparada aos algoritmos de otimização, pois faz uso de execuções
passadas no processo de sugestão. Neste trabalho, as sugestões do meta-aprendiz são
utilizadas como soluções iniciais da técnica de busca, sendo esta responsável pelo refinamento
das soluções sugeridas.
Neste trabalho, foi criada uma arquitetura híbrida multi-objetivo, que combina MA com
algoritmos de otimização, inspirados em enxames de partículas, com múltiplos objetivos aplicado
ao problema de seleção de parâmetros de SVMs. Os algoritmos de otimização utilizados
no experimento foram: MOPSO, MOPSO-CDR, MOPSO-CDRS, CSS-MOPSO, m-DNPSO e
MOPSO-CDLS, e os objetivos levados em consideração foram: maximização da taxa de acerto
na classificação e minimização do número de vetores de suporte. De acordo com os resultados
alcançados, ficou comprovado o potencial do MA na sugestão de soluções para os algoritmos
de otimização. O início da busca em regiões promissoras favoreceu a convergência e geração de
soluções ainda melhores, quando comparada a aplicação de algoritmos de busca tradicionais.
Os Pareto fronts gerados foram analisado em 4 perspectivas (spacing, max. spread, hypervolume
e coverage), sendo os resultados da abordagem híbrida superiores aos das técnicas de
otimização tradicionais.
10
Adankon, Mathias Mahouzonsou. "Apprentissage semi-supervisé pour les SVMS et leurs variantes." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2009. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/20/1/ADANKON_Mathias_Mahouzonsou.pdf.
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La reconnaissance de formes est un domaine fort intéressant de l'intelligence artificielle. Pour
résoudre les problèmes de reconnaissance de formes, des classifieurs sont construits en utilisant
des prototypes de données à reconnaître ainsi que leur classe d'appartenance. On parie
d'apprentissage supervisé. Aujourd'hui, face aux importants volumes de données disponibles,
le coût de l'étiquetage des données devient très exorbitant. Ainsi, il est impraticable, voir impossible
d'étiqueter toutes les données disponibles. Mais puisque, nous savons que la performance
d'un classifieur est liée au nombre de données d'apprenfissage, la principale quesdon
qui ressort est comment améliorer l'apprentissage d'un classifieur en ajoutant des données
non étiquetées à l'ensemble d'apprentissage. La technique d'apprenfissage issue de la réponse
à cette quesfion est appelée apprentissage semi-supervisé.
La machine à vecteurs de support(SVM) et sa variante Least-Squares SVM (LS-SVM) sont des
classifieurs particuliers basés sur le principe de la maximisation de la marge qui leur confère
un fort pouvoir de généralisation. Au cours de nos travaux de recherche, nous avons considéré
l'apprentissage semi-supervisé de ces machines. Dès lors, nous avons proposé diverses
techniques d'apprentissage de ces machines pour accomplir cette tâche.
Dans un premier temps, nous avons ufilisé l'inférence bayésienne pour estimer les paramètres
du modèle et les étiquettes. Ainsi, nous avons élaboré des formulations bayésiennes à un et
deux niveau(x) d'inférence, qui sont par la suite appliquées aux SVMs et aux LS-SVMs dans
le contexte de l'apprentissage semi-supervisé.
Dans un second temps, nous avons proposé d'améliorer la technique d'auto-apprentissage, en
utilisant un classifieur d'approche générative pour aider le principal classifieur discriminant
entraîné en semi-supervisé à étiqueter les données. Nous nommons cette stratégie Apprentissage
soutenu (Help-Training), et nous l'avons appliqué avec succès aux SVMs et à sa variante
LS-SVM.
Nos divers algorithmes d'apprentissage semi-supervisé ont été testés sur des données artificielles
et réelles et ont donné des résultats encourageants. Cette validation a été appuyée par
une analyse montrant les avantages et les limites de chacun des méthodes développées.
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Kuang, Zhanghui, and 旷章辉. "Learning structural SVMs and its applications in computer vision." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206663.
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Many computer vision problems involve building automatic systems by extracting complex high-level information from visual data. Such problems can often be modeled using structural models, which relate raw input variables to structural high-level output variables. Structural support vector machine is a discriminative method for learning structural models. It allows a flexible feature construction with good robustness against overfitting, and thus provides state-of-the-art prediction accuracies for structural prediction tasks in computer vision.
This thesis first studies the application of structural SVMs in interactive image segmentation. A novel interactive image segmentation technique that automatically learns segmentation parameters tailored for each and every image is proposed. Unlike existing work, the proposed method does not require any offline parameter tuning or training stage, and is capable of determining image-specific parameters according to some simple user interactions with the target image. The segmentation problem is modeled as an inference of a conditional random field (CRF) over a segmentation mask and the target image.
This CRF is parametrized by the weights for different terms (e.g., color, texture and smoothing). These weight parameters are learned via a one-slack structural SVM, which is solved using a constraint approximation scheme and the cutting plane algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed method, by learning image-specific parameters automatically, outperforms other state-of-the-art interactive
image segmentation techniques.
This thesis then uses structural SVMs to speed up large scale relatively-paired space analysis. A new multi-modality analysis technique based on relatively-paired observations from multiple modalities is proposed. Relative-pairing information is encoded using relative proximities of observations in a latent common space. By building a discriminative model and maximizing a distance margin, a projection function that maps observations into the latent common space is learned for each modality. However, training based on large scale relatively-paired observations could be extremely time consuming. To this end, the training is reformulated as learning a structural model, which can be optimized by the cutting plane algorithm where only a few training samples are involved in each iteration. Experimental results validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed technique.<br>published_or_final_version<br>Computer Science<br>Doctoral<br>Doctor of Philosophy
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Tatar, Säde. "Säde Tatar examensarbete BLÅS ÖSTANVIND : Spilåpipare Sväs Anders Ersson." Thesis, Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för folkmusik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kmh:diva-4196.
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<p>Konserten ägde plats 4 juni kl 19 i Lilla salen, KMH. Blev livestreamad via KMHs Youtubekanal.</p><p>1. Sövlåten efter Nygårds Karin Persson från Öje, Dalarna (Säde Tatar - svensk säckpipa)2. Suomela gånglåt Musik: Säde Tatar (Säde Tatar - svensk säckpipa, Vega Nordkvist – fiol, Coline Genet – fiol, Gabbi Dluzewski – låtmandola) F#-mollpolskan Musik: Säde Tatar Arr: Säde Tatar & Gabbi Dluzewski (Säde Tatar - Åspipa, Gabbi Dluzewski – låtmandola) 3. Tulvil Musik & arr: Säde Tatar & Gabbi Dluzewski (Säde Tatar - tvärflöjt, Gabbi Dluzewski – låtmandola 4. Jouhikkolåtar efter Feodor Pratsu från Impilahti, Karelen (Säde Tatar - sälgflöjt)5. Krångelpolska efter Ol ́Jansa och Andreas Lång, Haverö Komposition: Göran Månsson (Säde Tatar - tvärflöjt) 6. Halia soitto efter Natalia Vassili, Ingermanland (Säde Tatar - Åspipa)7. Tantsukollena efter Natalia Vassili, Ingermanland (Säde Tatar - Åspipa, Göran Månsson – spelpipa)8. Kratitöö Musik: Säde Tatar (Säde Tatar - Härjedalspipa, Vega Nordkvist – fiol, Coline Genet – fiol, Göran Månsson – härjedalspipa, Gabbi Dluzewski – låtmandola)9. Rabatud Musik: Säde TatarArr: FRÄNDER (Säde Tatar - altflöjt, Daniel Dluzewski – kontrabas, Alva Granstörm – fiol, Andreas Berglund – slagverk, Gabbi Dluzewski – låtmandola 10. Õhtu õrna Musik: Säde Tatar Text: estnisk trad. från Viru-Jaagupi Arr: FRÄNDER (Säde Tatar - sång, tvärflöjt, Daniel Dluzewski – kontrabas, Alva Granstörm – fiol, Andreas Berglund – slagverk, Gabbi Dluzewski – låtmandola)11. Kung Björns polska Musik: Gabbi Dluzewski Arr: FRÄNDER (Säde Tatar - mungiga, tvärflöjt, Daniel Dluzewski – kontrabas, Alva Granstörm – fiol, Andreas Berglund – slagverk, Gabbi Dluzewski – låtmandola)12. Evigt regn Musik: Gabbi Dluzewski Text: Natasja Dluzewska Arr: FRÄNDER (Säde Tatar -- tvärflöjt, Daniel Dluzewski – kontrabas, Alva Granstörm – fiol, Andreas Berglund – slagverk, Gabbi Dluzewski – låtmandola)</p>
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Hellal, Abdelhafid. "Control coordination of SVCs for voltage regulation in power systems." Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=70286.
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One of the principal functions of static var compensators (SVCs) in a transmission system is the voltage control at the point of connection. As power and transmission systems have grown considerably in the last decades, many systems have been interconnected for economic reasons. The use of SVCs became more important as the systems were required to operate at higher power levels, which led to a reduction in the stability margin. Increasing the number of SVCs in a network is one of the solutions, but it leads to undesirable interactions among them, which affect the stability limits. Control coordination of these SVCs is considered a good alternative to allow power systems to operate at higher power levels with the required stability margin, as well as to increase the damping of critical modes of oscillation.<br>This study presents the possibility of improving the effectiveness of SVCs in a system through the concept of SVC control coordination for voltage regulation, in linearized power systems. A concept of coordination of several SVC units, operating on the same system bus of a network, based on averaging the SVC current outputs according to their dynamic reactive capabilities as defined by their slope reactances, has been elaborated. Then, a control coordination concept relevant to many SVC units connected to different buses of the system has been presented and described.<br>The methodologies used to describe these concepts have been explained, and simulation results were presented.
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Jeromini, Tatiane Sanches [UNESP]. "Etapas de beneficiamento na qualidade física, fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de Brachiaria brizantha." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151399.
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Previous issue date: 2017-07-28<br>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)<br>As sementes de gramíneas forrageiras recebidas pelas empresas após a colheita contêm impurezas que comprometem a qualidade dos lotes e que podem ser removidas por máquinas de beneficiamento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito das diferentes etapas do beneficiamento sobre a qualidade física, fisiológica e sanitária de sementes de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandú. As sementes foram amostradas antes do beneficiamento e após a saída da máquina de ar e peneiras (descarga das peneiras superior, intermediária e fundo), primeira (deriva, descarga superior e intermediária) e segunda mesa gravitacional (descarga superior e intermediária e inferior). As sementes foram avaliadas quanto ao teor de água, pureza, peso de mil sementes, raios X, germinação, testes de vigor pela primeira contagem, envelhecimento acelerado, emergência de plântulas em campo, índice de velocidade de emergência, análise computadorizada de imagens (índice de crescimento, uniformidade e vigor) e qualidade sanitária. O beneficiamento de sementes de B. brizantha cv. Marandú por meio da máquina de ar e peneiras e da primeira mesa gravitacional aprimorou a qualidade física e fisiológica do lote. Somente o material procedente da descarga intermediária da primeira mesa gravitacional apresentou germinação e pureza suficiente para ser comercializado como semente. O beneficiamento não foi capaz de melhorar a qualidade sanitária das sementes B. brizantha cv. Marandú. A análise computadorizada de plântulas não foi eficiente para a avaliação da qualidade fisiológica de sementes de B. brizantha.<br>Forage grasses seeds received by companies after harvesting contain impurities that compromise lots quality and can be removed by processing machines. The aim of this project was to evaluate the effect of the different processing phases on physic, physiological and sanitary quality of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandú seeds. The seeds were sampled before processing and after leaving the air and screen machine (upper and intermediary screens and bottom); first gravity table (drift, upper and intermediate spouts); second gravity table (upper, intermediate, and lower spouts). Seeds were evaluated as to water content, purity, 1000 seeds weight, X - rays, germination, vigor tests of first count of germination, accelerated aging, seedling emergence in the field, speed of emergence index, computerized image analysis (growth index, uniformity and vigor) and sanitary quality. The processing of B. brizantha cv. Marandu seeds with the air and screen machine first gravity table improved the physical and physiological quality of the lot. Only the material of intermediate discharge of the first gravity table presented purity and germination enough to be marketed. The processing is not able to improve the sanitary quality of marketable seeds of B. brizantha cv. Marandu. The computerized analysis of seedlings was not efficient for the evaluation of the physiological quality of B. brizantha seeds.<br>CNPq: 134511/2015-8
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Souza, Bruno Feres de. "Seleção de características em SVMs aplicadas a dados de expressão gênica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-18112014-144007/.
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Recentemente, diversas tecnologias de análise de expressão gênica têm sido introduzidas. Os miroarrays estão entre as mais utilizadas. Dentre suas aplicações mais comuns, pode-se destacar a classificação de amostras de tecido, essencial para a identificação correta do tipo de câncer. Esta classificação é realizada com a ajuda de algoritmos de AMáquina (AM), como as Máquinas de Vetores de Suporte, ou simplesmente SVMs. Uma particularidade dos dados de expressão gênica é que a quantidade de amostras utilizadas pelo algoritmo de aprendizado é, normalmente, muitas vezes inferior à quantidade de características consideradas, o que pode deteriorar o desempenho dos algoritmos de AM e dificultar a compreensão dos dados. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho visa à comparação de diversas técnicas de seleção de características (SC) em SVMs aplicadas a dados microarrays. Além disso, durante a pesquisa, foram desenvolvidas 2 novas técnicas de SC baseadas em algoritmos genéticos. Os experimentos demonstram que a maioria das técnicas testadas é capaz de reduzir sobremaneira a dimensionalidade dos dados de expressão gênica sem prejudicar o desempenho das SVMs.<br>Recently, a lot of large scale gene expression analysis technologies have been introducted. Microarrays are among the most used ones. Among their most common applications, one can highlight the classificaiion of tissue samples, which is essential to the correct identification of the câncer type. This classification is carried out by Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, like the Support Vector Machines (SVMs). Gene expression data are characterized by an disproportionate rate between the number of tissue samples and the dimensionality of the domain, which can hurt the performance of the ML algorithms. In this context, the present work wish to compare several feature selection techniques in SVMs applied to microarray data. Besides, during this research, 2 new techniques based on genetic algorithms for selecting genes were developed. The experiments showed that most of the tested techniques was able to gratefully reduce the dimensionality of the gene expression data without degradation of SVM performance.
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Mourão, Cátia. "AVTEM NON SVNT RERVM NATVRA. Figurações heteromórficas em mosaicos hispano-romanos." Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/6268.
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Tese apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Doutor em História da Arte da Antiguidade<br>Na presente dissertação de Doutoramento em História da Arte da Antiguidade são analisadas, do ponto de vista formal, compositivo, temático e simbólico, as figurações heteromórficas (teratologias, hibridismos, metamorfoses em progressão e algumas variantes decorativas) registadas num vasto conjunto de mosaicos da antiga Hispânia romana, território hoje correspondente a Portugal e Espanha.
Começando por distinguir as diferenças entre fenómenos reais e recriações míticas de excepção à norma morfológica de cada espécie, e por salientar as relações psicossomáticas das personagens representadas – numa correspondência entre integridade corporal e moralidade, ou corrupção física e imoralidade, e entre beleza, virtude e prémio, ou fealdade, vício e castigo, características que enfatizam o papel dos protagonistas como seres civilizados ou bárbaros e como coadjuvantes ou oponentes dos heróis na narrativa mitológica, em todo o caso promotores de uma noção de equilíbrio baseada na harmonia dos opostos –, o estudo permite não só reconhecer o valor destas criaturas como alegorias morais, mas também perceber a sua função didáctica na formação das mentalidades greco-romana, e ainda aferir o grau de aculturação nas Províncias mais ocidentais do Império.
Torna-se igualmente possível determinar as incidências de cada figura por tema e área geográfica, definir as preferências dos encomendantes e avaliar os conhecimentos dos artesãos sobre os modelos, constatar a proximidade ou o afastamento em relação a outros mosaicos extra-peninsulares e a outras formas artísticas e literárias coevas, assim como entender a evolução diacrónica e sincrónica da iconografia dos seres com morfologias imaginárias até à Idade Média.
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Knoxborn, Ellinor, and Bilbo Göransson. "Bland blåljus och höghus : Mot en kulturell förståelse av SVTs förortsredaktioner." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Journalistik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-36455.
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Vi har undersökt SVTs förortsredaktioners dolda läroplan för att öka förståelsen för de nyhetsvärderande processer som pågår inom SVT när de rapporterar från förorter. Forskningen har bedömt journalistiken har bedömts som oförmögen att gestalta förorten på ett adekvat sätt, eftersom journalisterna ofta saknar erfarenhet av att bo och leva i en förort. Konsekvensen av detta har varit att en skadligt stereotyp bild av förorten förmedlas. Vi vill ta reda på ifall förortsredaktionernas arbete skulle kunna motverka stigmatiseringen av samhället. Vi har studerat vilka ideal, strukturer och konventioner som styr nyhetsvärderingen på SVTs nyöppnade redaktioner i Rinkeby och Södertälje. Genom att analysera journalistiken som kultur har vi kunnat förstå vilka ideal som nyhetsvärderingen följer. Vi redoviserar också hur nyhetsvärderingen går till, vart den tar plats och hur den lärs ut till nyanställda. Slutligen presenterar vi också på vilket sätt förortsredaktionen arbetar i förhållande till förorten som kulturell kontext.
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Hällsten, Amanda, and Elin Janeröd. "Gestaltning i coronapandemin : En kvalitativ studie av Aftonbladet och SVTs rapportering." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för kultur- och medievetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-175064.
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The aim of this essay is to study how events associated to the coronavirus has been portrayed in the Swedish newspaper Aftonbladet and the public service-company SVT. To concretize the aim, we formulated two questions; is there any overall differences and similarities between SVT and Aftonbladets way to angle their news, if the answer is yes, what are the differences and similarities, do SVT’s and Aftonbladet’s reporting differ in terms of storytelling techniques in the articles associated to the coronavirus, if the answer is yes, what are the differences and similarities. The method chosen to investigate these questions was a qualitative content analysis with a focus on storytelling techniques. The chosen theories to support the method was framing, media logic, agenda setting and news rating & storytelling techniques. In the analysis we came to the conclusion that Aftonbladet and SVT in many of their articles have used almost the same angle, although the angles of Aftonbladet was more explicit and not as unbiased as SVT’s news articles. During our time studying SVT and Aftonbladet we saw that in the videos that belonged to the articles, Aftonbladet used interviews with persons who had participated in the press conferences, instead of publishing parts from the press conference in the videos, which SVT did. SVT hasn’t, in any of the cases, published an interview with, for example, a doctor or a representative from Folkhälsomyndigheten. It gives a more personal impression to interview individuals, than to publish parts from a press conference. We also saw that Aftonbladet used more storytelling techniques, especially accentuation and intensification in their framing of events connected to the virus, it was especially noticeable in the article about the first death. Something that surprised us during the work with the analysis was the fact that neither Aftonbladet nor SVT have been more critical to the government’s decisions in their reports. Perhaps because the trust in the authorities is high among the audience.
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Zabaiou, Tarik. "Coordination des régulateurs conventionnels des machines synchrones et des compensateurs statiques (SVCS)." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2010. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/1149/1/ZABAIOU_Tarik.pdf.
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Cette thèse propose une nouvelle structure de commande basée sur les mesures à la grandeur du réseau électrique pour coordonner les actions des contrôleurs des excitations des générateurs synchrones et des compensateurs statiques (SVCs). Tout d'abord, un modèle d'état linéaire d'un réseau multi machines qui comporte des SVCs est élaboré. Ce modèle possède plusieurs caractéristiques spécifiques. Il permet de bien distinguer les interactions entre les générateurs et le compensateur statique et de quantifier les interactions intergénérateurs. Les tensions terminales sont utilisées comme variables d'état au lieu des tensions internes transitoires qui sont difficiles à accéder en pratique. L'avantage du modèle proposé est que les variables d'état sont facilement mesurables. De plus, c'est une approche de modélisation hiérarchique et appropriée pour appliquer la commande basée sur les mesures à la grandeur du réseau (mesures globales).
Ensuite, les mesures globales sont utilisées pour concevoir des signaux de coordination pour les excitations des générateurs et le SVC. Le contrôleur de coordination permet de découpler les dynamiques du système en éliminant les interactions entre les différents composants. L'efficacité de la nouvelle stratégie de contrôle est évaluée sur un réseau test à (4) machines et (9) barres communément appelé réseau d'Anderson et Farmer. Les résultats de simulation démontrent que les oscillations locales et interzones sont bien amorties en présence du contrôleur global.
En outre, la théorie du gain relatif (RGA) est utilisée pour l'analyse des interactions et la sélection des signaux globaux de coordination. Seulement les signaux qui contribuent aux interactions les plus fortes sont utilisés par le contrôleur pour réduire ou éliminer les interactions. Le deuxième contrôleur basé sur les signaux sélectionnés est comparé au premier contrôleur avec tous les signaux. Les résultats montrent que les performances des deux contrôleurs sont similaires. Ils permettent d'atténuer d'une façon efficace les oscillations de puissance basse fréquence et d'augmenter le transit de puissance dans le système.
Les effets des délais de communication sont pris en considération dans cette étude. Le contrôleur proposé offre de bonnes performances en présence des délais réalistes. Cependant 1' existence de larges délais de mesure et de commande affectent considérablement la performance de la coordination. L'approche de prédiction de Smith est utilisée pour préserver la performance du contrôleur en présence des délais. Les résultats de simulation attestent que l'impact de larges délais est éliminé par la méthode de la prédiction de Smith. Le contrôleur de coordination proposé est simple et facile à implanter puisque il exige seulement une mesure de chaque générateur et du SVC comme signaux d'entrée et le contrôleur fourni un signal de commande pour le SVC et pour chacun des générateurs. Il pourrait être rentable d'utiliser le contrôleur proposé plutôt que d'installer de nouveaux dispositifs FACTS.
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Skoglund, Oscar. "Dynamic voltage regulation using SVCs : A simulation study on the Swedish national grid." Thesis, KTH, Elektriska energisystem, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-136869.
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Voltage stability is a major concern when planning and operating electrical power systems.As demand for electric power increases, power systems are stressed more and more. TheFACTS family of components were introduced to utilize the existing grid to a higherdegree, while still maintaining system stability.This thesis investigates if the addition of another SVC to the Swedish national gridcould increase the power transfer from north to south. Placement of the SVC was basedon two different indices used to indicate weak areas of the grid; the Q-V sensitivity indexand the V CPI index.Simulations were performed with both the added SVC and regular switched shuntcompensation and the results were compared against each other. Studies were alsoperformed to investigate the effect of an SVC installed at the grid connection of a large(1000 MW) wind farm. Simulations were performed where the wind farm was modeledby either doubly fed induction generators (DFIG) or single cage induction generators.This simulation study was performed using PSSTME, based on a detailed model ofthe Nordic power system as it existed in 2007.The studies showed that adding a ±200 MVAr SVC to the Swedish national gridcould increase the power transfer by 150 MW, where an equally rated switched shuntcapacitor/reactor would result in a 100 MW increase. In these studies, the transfercapacity was limited by voltage collapse situations.However, installing the same ±200 MVAr SVC at the connection of a large windfarm showed an increase in power transfer by 1000 MW, while the switched shuntcompensation only resulted in a 500 MW increase. In the simulations that showed thegreatest increase in transfer capacity, the added wind farm was modeled by single-cageinduction generators. In this case the transfer capacity was limited by transient stabilityproblems.
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Bruno, Haroldo [UNESP]. "Qvae svnt caesaris caesari: uma proposta de leitura dos Commentarii de Bello Gallico." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/136803.
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Zhang, Jian. "Support Vector Machines (SVMs) Based Framework for Classification of Fallers and Non-Fallers." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64189.
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The elderly population is growing at a rapid pace, and falls are a significant problem facing adults aged 65 and older in terms of both human suffering and economic losses. Falls are the leading cause of mortality among older adults, and non-fatal falls result in reduced function and poor quality of life for older adults. Although much is known about the mechanisms and contributing risk factors relevant to falls, falls still remain a significant problem associated with this age group. Therefore, new strategies and knowledge need to be introduced to understand and prevent falls.
Studies show that early detection of impaired mobility is critical to the prevention of falls. In this study, the relationship between gait and postural parameters and falls among elderly participants using wearable inertial sensors was investigated. As such, the aim of this study is to investigate the critical gait and postural parameters contributing to falls, then further to classify fallers and non-fallers by utilizing gait and postural parameters and machine learning techniques, e.g. support vector machines (SVMs). Additionally, as the assessment of fall risk is linked to noisy environment, it is important to understand the capability of the SVM classifier to effectively address noisy data. Therefore, the robustness of the SVM classifier was also investigated in this study.
In summary, the presented work addresses several challenges through research on
the following three issues: 1) the significant differences in gait and pastoral parameters between fallers and non-fallers; 2) a machine learning based framework for classification of fallers and non-fallers by using only one IMU located at the sternum; and 3) robustness of SVM classifier to classify fallers and non-fallers in a noisy environment.
The machine learning based framework developed in this dissertation contribute to advancing the state-of-art in fall risk assessment by 1) classifying fallers and non-fallers from a single IMU located at the sternum; 2) developing machine learning method for classification of fallers and non-fallers; and 3) investigating the robustness of SVM classifier in a noisy environment.<br>Ph. D.
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Gonçalves, Nayara Roberto. "Avaliação da qualidade de sementes de cebola (Allium cepa L.) por meio de análise de imagens." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-05072016-112535/.
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Para espécies de hortaliças há carência de informações a respeito de metodologias que forneçam, de forma rápida e segura, dados sobre a qualidade de sementes, haja visto a importância econômica e a alta tecnologia empregada na produção dessas espécies. Diversas técnicas têm sido propostas para avaliar a morfologia de sementes e outros parâmetros relacionados ao seu potencial fisiológico e, entre elas, pode-se citar o uso de imagens radiográficas e análises computadorizadas de imagens de plântulas. Com isso, objetivou-se com a presente pesquisa, estudar a relação entre a morfologia interna observada com auxílio de imagens radiográficas e a qualidade de sementes de cebola, além de verificar a possibilidade da utilização do sistema computadorizado de imagens de plântulas (SVIS® - Seed Vigor Image System) para detectar diferenças de vigor entre lotes de sementes e comparar com as informações fornecidas pelos testes de vigor tradicionalmente utilizados. Para isso, foram utilizadas sementes de dois cultivares de cebola, com cinco lotes cada. O estudo foi realizado em dois ensaios, em que o primeiro consistiu no estudo do teste de raios X e o segundo na utilização do SVIS® para análise de plântulas. As sementes do segundo estudo foram analisadas no decorrer de doze meses de armazenamento, com avaliações semestrais. Após a análise dos resultados, conclui-se que a morfologia de sementes de cebola dificulta a análises de imagens radiográficas, mas o uso dessas imagens permite a identificação de malformações, que estão relacionadas com plântulas anormais e/ou sementes mortas; o SVIS® é eficiente para identificar diferenças de vigor entre lotes de sementes de cebola; a avaliação com o SVIS® deve ser realizada aos cinco dias após a semeadura.<br>For vegetables there is a lack of information about methodologies which provide, in a quick and safe way, data on seed quality, given the economic importance and the high technology used in the production of these species. Many techniques have been proposed to assess the morphology of seed and other parameters related to their physiologic potential and, among them, we can mention the use of radiographic imaging and computerized imaging analysis of seedlings. The aim of the present research was to study the relationship between the internal morphology observed with the aid of radiographic images and the quality of onion seeds, and to investigate the possibility of using the computerized system of seedling images (SVIS® - Seed Vigor Image System) to detect vigor differences among seed batches and to compare with the information provided by the vigor tests traditionally used. Five batches of two different varieties of onion seeds were used. The study was carried out in two trials, wherein the first essay consisted on the study of the radiographic images and the second one consisted of the use of SVIS® for seedling analysis. The seeds of the second essay were stored for twelve months and analyzed at each six months. It is concluded that the onion seed morphology impairs the analysis of the radiographic images, but the use of it allows to identify defects, which are related to abnormal seedlings and/or dead seeds; SVIS® is efficient to identify different levels of vigor among onion seed batches; the assessment using SVIS® must be done at the fifth day after sowing.
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Castan, Danielle Otte Carrara. "Análise computadorizada de imagens de plântulas para avaliação do vigor de sementes de milho, em comparação a testes tradicionais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-23042015-131810/.
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O aprimoramento dos testes de vigor e a possibilidade da inserção de novos recursos computacionais para avaliação eficiente do potencial fisiológico de sementes tem despertado grande interesse da pesquisa e dos tecnologistas de sementes. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o potencial fisiológico de sementes de milho utilizando sistemas de análise computadorizada de imagens de plântulas (SVIS® e Vigor-S), comparativamente a outros métodos utilizados para avaliação do vigor dessa espécie. Utilizaram-se dois híbridos de milho, cada um representado por sete lotes de sementes, conduzindo-se avaliações da germinação e vigor (teste de frio, envelhecimento acelerado tradicional e com solução saturada de NaCl e porcentagem de emergência de plântulas), em três épocas experimentais. Para a avaliação do vigor das sementes mediante a análise de imagens de plântulas, foram comparados o Seed Vigor Imaging System (SVIS®), desenvolvido pela Ohio State University/EUA e o sistema Análise Automatizada do Vigor de Sementes (Vigor-S), em desenvolvimento mediante colaboração entre USP/ESALQ e EMBRAPA/Instrumentação Agropecuária (CNPDIA). Os dados foram submetidos a análise da variância, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (testes em laboratório) e em blocos ao acaso (testes em campo); as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p <= 0,05). Os resultados indicaram que a utilização da análise computadorizada de imagens de plântulas com o Vigor-S é promissora para avalição do vigor de sementes de milho. O envelhecimento acelerado com solução saturada de NaCl, no período de 96 horas a 41 ºC, é eficiente para avaliar o vigor de sementes de milho.<br>The improvement of existing tests and the possibility of inserting new computational resources to accurately evaluate the physiological potential of seeds have gained great interest in seed research and from seed technologists. The objective of this research was to evaluate the physiological potential of corn seeds using systems of computerized imaging analysis of seedlings (SVIS® and Vigor-S) compared to other methods used to assess vigor of these seeds. Two corn hybrids were used, each represented by seven seed lots, assessing germination and vigor (cold test, traditional and saturated solution of NaCl accelerated aging and percentage of seedling emergence) in three experimental times. To evaluate the vigor of seed through the seedling imaging analysis, the Seed Vigor Imaging System (SVIS®), developed by Ohio State University/USA, with the system of Automated Analysis of Seed Vigor (Vigor-S), developed in cooperation between USP/ESALQ and EMBRAPA Agricultural Instrumentation (CNPDIA). The data were subjected to the analysis of variance in a completely randomized design (laboratory tests) and in randomized blocks (field tests) and the averages were compared by Tukey test (p <= 0.05). The results showed that the use of computerized imaging analysis of seedlings with Vigor-S is promising to evaluate vigor of corn seeds. The accelerated aging with NaCl saturated solution in the period of 96 hours at 41ºC is efficient to assess vigor of corn seeds.
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Lööf, Anna, Frida Asp, and Alexander Mellgren. ""We don't want die here" : En kvalitativ innehållsanalys av SVTs liverapportering av flyktingkrisen 2015." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-29428.
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Mentakis, Stefanos George. "The influence of sensor dynamics and navigation errors on E/SVS." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0020/MQ49718.pdf.
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Hillman, Anna. "Det personliga som grund för övertygandet : En ethos- och topikanalys av SVTs "Nyfiken på partiledaren"." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-37723.
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Jesse, Cristiano Ricardo. "Avaliação dos mecanismos envolvidos na ação antinociceptiva causada pelo seleneto vinílico bis substituído (svbs) em camundongos." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2009. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/11100.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>The interest in organoselenium biochemistry and pharmacology has increased in the last two decades due to a variety of organoselenium compounds that possess biological activity. Accordingly, bis selenide is known as a safe drug when administered acutely to mice at doses that have antiinflammatory and antinociceptive activities. Therefore, the search for the mechanisms by which this compound exerts its effects is extremely important for the therapeutic application. Based on the considerations above, the aims of the present study were to evaluate the antinociceptive properties, as well as the possible
mechanisms involved in this process. The oral administration of bis selenide caused significant inhibition of the biting behavior induced by intrathecal (i.t.) injection of glutamate, kainate, (±)-1-aminocyclopentane-trans-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (trans-ACPD), capsaicin, substance P (SP), interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) but completely failed to affect the nociception induced by α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-mehtyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). In addition, the oral administration (p.o.) of bis selenide caused a significant increase in hot plate (55 °C) response latency. The antinociceptive effect caused by bis selenide in the hot plate test was
reversed by i.t. injection of several K+ channel blockers tetraethylammonium (TEA, non-selective voltage-dependent K+ channel inhibitor) and glibenclamide (ATP-sensitive K+ channel inhibitor) but was not significantly reversed by pretreatment of animals with apamin and charybdotoxin (large- and smallconductance Ca2+- activated K+ channel inhibitors, respectively). These results suggest the participation of glutamatergic, peptidergic and vanilloid systems and potassium channel in the antinociceptive action caused by bis selenide in mice.<br>Nos últimos anos, os compostos orgânicos de selênio têm sido alvos de interesse em síntese orgânica em virtude da descoberta de suas aplicações sintéticas e de suas propriedades farmacológicas. O seleneto vinílico bis
substituído (SVBS) é um composto orgânico de selênio que apresenta baixa toxicidade quando administrado pela via subcutânea em camundongos, nas doses em que exerce ação antinociceptiva e antiinflamatória. Assim, a pesquisa dos mecanismos pelos quais esse composto exerce os efeitos
farmacológicos é importante para a sua aplicação terapêutica. Desta forma, no presente trabalho investigou-se as propriedades antinociceptivas do SVBS, bem como os possíveis mecanismos envolvidos em tal processo. A
administração oral do SVBS preveniu a nocicepção induzida pela injeção intratecal (i.t.) de glutamato, cainato, ácido (±)-1- aminociclopentano-trans-1,3-dicarboxílico (trans-ACPD), capsaicina, substância P (SP), fator de necrose alfa
(TNF-α) e interleucina 1β (IL-1β), mas não bloqueou significativamente a nocicepção causada pela injeção i.t. do ácido α- amino-3-hidroxi-5-metil-4-isoxazolopropionico (AMPA) e ácido N-metil-D-aspártico (NMDA). Além disso, a
administração oral do SVBS foi capaz de prevenir a nocicepção térmica, no modelo da chapa quente a 55°C. A antinocicepção causada pela administração oral do SVBS no teste da chapa quente foi revertida pelo pré-tratamento com
tetraetilamônio (TEA; bloqueador de diferentes tipos de canais de potássio, inclusive os dependentes de voltagem) e glibenclamida (bloqueador de canais de K+ dependente de ATP), mas não foi revertida pelo pré-tratamento dos
animais com apamina (bloqueador de canais de potássio de baixa condutância ativados por cálcio) e caribidotoxina (bloqueador de canais de potássio de alta condutância ativados por cálcio). De acordo com o presente trabalho pode-se concluir que os mecanismos responsáveis pela ação antinociceptiva causada pelo SVBS em camundongos envolvem a participação dos sistemas glutamatérgicos, peptidérgicos e vanilóides e canais de potássio.
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Torffvit, Felicia. "Rätten till staden från nos till svans : En etnografisk studie om hundägarens och hundens plats i staden." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för fysisk planering, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-16326.
Full textAbstract:
Rätten till staden är en ständigt pågående diskussion om människors möjlighet att använda sig av staden och skapa den verklighet de själva lever i. I städer finns människor som har sällskap av hund och som frekvent använder sig av det offentliga rummet. Uppsatsen syftar till att bidra med en förståelse för hundägarens och hundens plats i staden genom att undersöka hundägares och hundars användande av staden, deras upplevelser i det offentliga rummet och på vilket sett de kan ge uttryck för behov i staden. Uppsatsens empiriska material har samlats in med den etnografiska metoden go-along för att undersöka hundägares och hundars vardagliga liv, samt genom en fokusgrupp med två etologer för att synliggöra hundens behov i planering. Det empiriska materialet har undersökts i relation till teori om rätten till staden, social rättvisa och more-than-human geography. Den sistnämnda teorin utgår från djurens rätt till staden som likställd människan. Med utgångspunkt i more-than-human geography antar studien en kritisk ansats mot hur hundars behov tillgodoses i den svenska planeringen. Studien visar på en avsaknad av hundägares och hundars rätt till staden. Detta tar sig uttryck i hundägarens vardagliga liv som en längtan och en saknad efter att kunna tillfredsställa sin hunds behov i staden, samt genom en osäkerhet och ett motstånd i användningen av stadens offentliga rum. Uppsatsen synliggör även en social konflikt mellan hundägare och icke-hundägare. Konflikten har sitt ursprung i hundägares vilja att nyttja staden på ett annat sätt än vad som är tillåtet, vilket innebär att hundägare bryter mot hundförbud och restriktioner i syfte att tillfredsställa sin hunds behov och intressen. Uppsatsen visar på en begränsning av hundens utrymme i staden som en effekt av att människans behov står i centrum för utveckling, samt som en följd av stadens ekonomiska drivkraft. Uppsatsen argumenterar för att ge hundar mer utrymme i planering för att stärka hundägares och hundars rätt till staden, men även i syfte att minska den konflikt som existerar mellan hundägare och icke-hundägare.
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Jönsson, Linda. "Operativa ingrepp på öron och svans hos hund : Hur påverkas hundens välfärd på kort och lång sikt." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för biologi och miljö (BOM), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-65988.
Full textAbstract:
Öron- och svanskuperade hundar är fortfarande en inte helt ovanlig syn i det svenska samhället, trots att det har varit förbjudet att utföra ingreppen i 70 respektive 30 år. Med denna magisteruppsats vill jag analysera vilken betydelse operativa ingrepp på öron och svans har på hundens kommunikation och välfärd. Uppsatsen är en kvalitativ litteraturstudie baserad på vetenskapliga artiklar, vetenskapliga böcker, djurskyddslagstiftning, betänkanden, rättsfall, myndigheters hemsidor samt icke-vetenskapliga webbplatser. För att hundar ska kunna kommunicera med artfränder och även med människa använder sig hunden av flera olika signalstrukturer, där ibland öron och svans. Den viktigaste signalstrukturen av dessa är svansen som används för att förmedla hundens sinnesstämning. Öronen har inte en lika framträdande roll i kommunikationen, vilket troligtvis är en bieffekt av människans selektiva avel. Hundar som har orörliga hängande öron eller konstant upprättstående öron har svårare att förmedla sina intentioner. De vanligaste metoderna vid kupering är kirurgi och på svans kan även en metod med gummiring användas för att strypa blodtillförseln vilket leder till nekros och att svansen faller av. Kupering kan inte motiveras som skadeförebyggande åtgärd då hundar som utsätts för kupering får utstå smärta och lidande både under ingreppet och under läkningsprocessen. Illegala operativa ingrepp på hundars öron och svans förekommer i Sverige.<br>Ear cropped and tail docked dogs is not an unusual sight in the society in Sweden even if the operations have been illegal for almost 70 respectively 30 years. In this master thesis I aim at analyzing how ear and tail cropping affect the dog’s communication and welfare. Dogs use signaling indicators like ears and tails for intraspecific and interspecific communicate. The indicators are used separately or together to signal different moods and the most important structure is the tail. Both humans and other dogs observe the tail of the meeting dog to interpret its mood. The ears do not have as prominent role in the communication, probably because of the impact humans have had during domestication and selective breeding. Dogs with immobile long hanging ears or constantly upright ears have difficulty to mediate their intentions. The most common methods for cropping is surgical operations and for docking it is surgical operation or a hard rubber ring that cuts of the blood circulation. Cropping and docking does not pose any risk prevention advantages. Today cropping and docking on dogs are done primarily by tradition, breed standards, aesthetic reasons and in some cases for the convenience of the owner. Dogs that are being cropped or docked feel pain and suffer during the procedures but also during healing and in some cases for the rest of their lives. In Sweden illegally performed operations on ears and tail are performed on dogs.
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Leonardini, Quelca Gonzalo Americo. "Point-scale evaluation of the Soil, Vegetation, and Snow (SVS) land surface model." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67450.
Full textAbstract:
Le modèle de surface Soil, Vegetation, and Snow (SVS) a été récemment mis au point par Environnement et Changement climatique Canada (ECCC) à des fins opérationnelles de prévisions météorologique et hydrologique. L’objectif principal de cette étude est d’évaluer la capacité de SVS, en mode hors ligne à l’échelle de points de grille, à simuler différents processus par rapport aux observations in situ. L’étude est divisée en deux parties: (1) une évaluation des processus de surface terrestre se produisant dans des conditions sans neige, et (2) une évaluation des processus d’accumulation et de fonte de la neige. Dans la première partie, les flux d’énergie de surface et la teneur en eau ont été évalués sous des climats arides, méditerranéens et tropicaux pour six sites sélectionnés du réseau FLUXNET ayant entre 4 et 12 ans de données. Dans une seconde partie, les principales caractéristiques de l’enneigement sont examinées pour dix sites bien instrumentés ayant entre 8 et 21 ans de données sous climats alpins, maritimes et taiga du réseau ESM-SnowMIP. Les résultats de la première partie montrent des simulations réalistes de SVS du flux de chaleur latente (NSE = 0.58 en moyenne), du flux de chaleur sensible (NSE = 0.70 en moyenne) et du rayonnement net (NSE = 0.97 en moyenne). Le flux de chaleur dans sol est raisonnablement bien simulé pour les sites arides et un site méditerranéen, et simulé sans succès pour les sites tropicaux. Pour sa part, la teneur en eau de surface a été raisonnablement bien simulée aux sites arides (NSE = 0.30 en moyenne) et méditerranéens (NSE = 0.42 en moyenne) et mal simulée aux sites tropicaux (NSE = -16.05 en moyenne). Les performances du SVS étaient comparables aux simulations du Canadian Land surface Scheme (CLASS) non seulement pour les flux d’énergie et le teneur en eau, mais aussi pour des processus plus spécifiques tels que l’évapotranspiration et le bilan en eau. Les résultats de la deuxième partie montrent que SVS est capable de reproduire de manière réaliste les principales caractéristiques de l’enneigement de ces sites. Sur la base des résultats, une distinction claire peut être faite entre les simulations aux sites ouverts et forestiers. SVS simule adéquatement l’équivalent en eau de la neige, la densité et la hauteur de la neige des sites ouverts (NSE = 0.64, 0.75 et 0.59, respectivement), mais présente des performances plus faibles aux sites forestiers (NSE = - 0.40, 0.15 et 0.56, respectivement), ce qui est principalement attribué aux limites du module de tassement et à l’absence d’un module d’interception de la neige. Les évaluations effectuées au début, au milieu et à la fin de l’hiver ont révélé une tendance à la baisse de la capacité de SVS à simuler SWE, la densité et l’épaisseur de la neige à la fin de l’hiver. Pour les sites ouverts, les températures de la neige en surface sont bien représentées (RMSE = 3.00 _C en moyenne), mais ont montré un biais négatif (PBias = - 1.6 % en moyenne), qui était dû à une mauvaise représentation du bilan énergétique de surface sous conditions stables la nuit. L’albédo a montré une représentation raisonnable (RMSE = 0.07 en moyenne), mais une tendance à surestimer les valeurs de fin d’hiver (biais = 0,04 sur la fin de l’hiver), en raison de la diminution progressive pendant les longues périodes de fonte. Enfin, un test de sensibilité a conduit à des suggestions aux développeurs du modèles. Les tests de sensibilité du processus de fonte de la neige suggèrent l’utilisation de la température de surface de la neige au lieu de la température moyenne lors du calcul. Cela permettrait d’améliorer les simulations SWE, à l’exception de deux sites ouverts et d’un site forestier. Les tests de sensibilité à la partition des précipitations permettent d’identifier une transition linéaire de la température de l’air entre 0 et 1 _C comme le meilleur choix en l’absence de partitions observées ou plus sophistiquées.<br>The Soil, Vegetation, and Snow (SVS) land surface model has been recently developed at Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) for operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) and hydrological forecasting. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the ability of SVS, in offline point-scale mode, to simulate different processes when compared to in-situ observations. The study is divided in two parts: (1) an evaluation of land-surface processes occuring on snow-free conditions, and (2) and evaluation of the snow accumulation and melting processes. In the first part, surface heat fluxes and soil moisture were evaluated under arid, mediterranean, and tropical climates at six selected sites of the FLUXNET network having between 4 and 12 years of data. In the second part, the main characteristics of the snow cover are examined at ten well-instrumented sites having between 8 and 21 years under alpine, maritime and taiga climates from ESM-SnowMIP network. Results of the first part show SVS’s realistic simulations of latent heat flux (NSE = 0.58 on average), sensible heat flux (NSE = 0.70 on average), and net radiation (NSE = 0.97 on average). Soil heat flux is reasonably well simulated for the arid sites and one mediterranean site, and poorly simulated for the tropical sites. On the other hand, surface soil moisture was reasonably well simulated at the arid (NSE = 0.30 on average) and mediterranean sites (NSE = 0.42 on average) and poorly simulated at the tropical sites (NSE = - 16.05 on average). SVS performance was comparable to simulations of the Canadian Land Surface Scheme (CLASS) not only for energy fluxes and soil moisture, but more specific processes such as evapotranspiration and water balance. Results of the second part show that SVS is able to realistically reproduce the main characteristics of the snow cover at these sites. Based on the results, a clear distinction between simulations at open and forest sites can be made. SVS is able to simulate well snow water equivalent, density and snow depth at open sites (NSE = 0.64, 0.75 and 0.59, respectively), but exhibits lower performances over forest sites (NSE = - 0.40, 0.15 and 0.56, respectively), which is attributed mainly to the limitations of the compaction scheme and the absence of a snow interception scheme. Evaluations over early, mid and end winter periods revealed a tendency to decrease SVS’s ability to simulate SWE, density and snow depth during end winter. At open sites, SVS’ snow surface temperatures are well represented (RMSE = 3.00_C on average), but exhibited a cold bias (PBias = - 1.6% on average), which was due to a poor representation of the surface energy balance under stable conditions at nighttime. Albedo showed a reasonable representation (RMSE = 0.07 on average), but a tendency to overestimate end winter albedo (bias = 0.04 over end winter), due to the slow decreasing rate during long melting periods. Finally, sensitivity tests to the snow melting process suggest the use of surface snow temperature instead of the average temperature when computing the melting rate. This would provide the improvement of the SWE simulations, with exception of two open and one forest sites. Sensitivity tests to partition of precipitation allows to identify a linear transition of air temperature between 0 and 1_C as the best choice in the absence of observed or more sophisticated partitions
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Erokyar, Hasan. "Age and Gender Recognition for Speech Applications based on Support Vector Machines." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5356.
Full textAbstract:
Automatic age and gender recognition for speech applications is very important for a number of reasons. One of the reasons is that it can improve human-machine interaction. For example, the advertisements can be specialized based on the age and the gender of the person on the phone. It also can help identify suspects in criminal cases or at least it can minimize the number of suspects. Some other uses of this system can be applied for adaptation of waiting queue music where a different type of music can be played according to the person's age and gender. And also using this age and gender recognition system, the statistics about age and gender information for a specific population can be learned. Machine learning is part of artificial intelligence which aims to learn from data. Machine Learning has a long history. But due to some limitations, for ex. , the cost of computation and due to some inefficient algorithms, it was not applied to speech recognition tasks. Only for a decade, researchers started to apply these algorithms to some real world tasks, for ex., speech recognition, computer vision, finance, banking, robotics etc. In this thesis, recognition of age and gender was done using a popular machine learning algorithm and the performance of the system was compared. Also the dataset included real -life examples, so that the system is adaptable to real world applications. To remove the noise and to get the features of speech examples, some digital signal processing techniques were used. Useful speech features that were used in this work were: pitch frequency and cepstral representations.
The performance of the age and gender recognition system depends on the speech features used. As the first speech feature, the fundamental frequency was selected. Fundamental frequency is the main differentiating factor between male and female speakers. Also, fundamental frequency for each age group is different. So in order to build age and gender recognition system, fundamental frequency was used. To get the fundamental frequency of speakers, harmonic to sub harmonic ratio method was used. The speech was divided into frames and fundamental frequency for each frame was calculated. In order to get the fundamental frequency of the speaker, the mean value of all the speech frames were taken. It turns out that, fundamental frequency is not only a good discriminator gender, but also it is a good discriminator of age groups simply because there is a distinction between age groups and the fundamental frequencies. Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) is a good feature for speech recognition and so it was selected. Using MFCC, the age and gender recognition accuracies were satisfactory. As an alternative to MFCC, Shifted Delta Cepstral (SDC) was used as a speech feature. SDC is extracted using MFCC and the advantage of SDC is that, it is more robust under noisy data. It captures the essential information in noisy speech better. From the experiments, it was seen that SDC did not give better recognition rates because the dataset did not contain too much noise. Lastly, a combination of pitch and MFCC was used to get even better recognition rates. The final fused system has an overall recognition value of 64.20% on ELSDSR [32] speech corpus.
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Jesse, Cristiano Ricardo. "Mecanismos envolvidos nos efeitos do seleneto vinílico bis substituído (svbs) em modelos animais de depressão e de dor." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/4426.
Full textAbstract:
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>The association between depression and chronic pain is frequent and bidirectional. The high number of patients with depression and chronic pain who are refractory to currently available drugs makes it important search for new drugs to treat these disease. The bis selenide is an organic selenium compound with activities such as antioxidant, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory in mice. Thus, this study investigated the effect of bis selenide in models of depression and pain in mice, besides the pharmacological mechanisms involved. Oral administration of bis selenide (5mg/kg, p.o.) reduced the immobility time in tail suspension test (TST) with a maximal effect at 1 hour and it remained up to 6 hours in relation to control group. The effect caused by bis selenide in reducing the immobility time was observed at doses of 0.5, 1 and 5 mg/kg in the TST and the forced swimming test (FST) (article 1). The antidepressant-like activity of bis selenide was reversed by pretreatment with p-chlorophenylalanine ethyl ester (PCPA, an inhibitor of synthesis of serotonin), ketanserin (5-HT2A/2C receptor antagonist), ondansetron (5 -HT3 receptor antagonist) (article 1), L-arginine (an amino acid precursor of nitric oxide (NO)), sildenafil (phosphodiesterase inhibitor type 5, PDE-V), S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP, an NO donor) (article 2), cromakalim (potassium channels - K+- opener), minoxidil (K+ channels opener) and GW 9662 (antagonist of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors gamma (PPARγ) (article 3). However, the antidepressant-like effect of SVBS (1 mg / kg, po) was not prevented by pretreatment with prazosin (α1-receptor antagonist), yohimbine (α2-receptor antagonist), propranolol (β-receptor antagonist), SCH 23390 (D1 receptor antagonist), sulpiride (D2 receptor antagonist) and WAY 100635 (selective antagonist of 5-HT1A) (article 1). Furthermore, when administered in a sub-active dose, the bis selenide (0.1 mg / kg, p.o.) showed a synergistic action with fluoxetine (an selective serotonin inhibitor reuptake), NG-nitro-L-arginine (an inhibitor of the NO synthase (NOS)), 7-nitroindazole (7-NI, a specific inhibitor of NOS neurornal), methylene blue (inhibitor of NOS and guanylate cyclase (GC)), 1H-1,2,4] oxadiazole [4, 3-a] quinoxaline-1-one (ODQ, a specific inhibitor of GC) (article 2), tetraethylammonium (TEA, a non-specific inhibitor of K(+) channels), glibenclamide (an ATP-sensitive K(+) channel inhibitor) charibdotoxin (a large and intermediate conductance calcium-activated K(+) channel inhibitor) and apamin (a small-conductance calcium-activated K(+) channel inhibitor) (article 3). The administration of bis selenide (0.1 5 mg/kg, p.o.) also did not modify the activity of monoamine oxidase A and B (MAO-A and MAO-B) and Na+K+ATPase in mice. The levels of nitrite/nitrate in the brain of mice were reduced by treatment of bis selenide (1 mg/kg). Treatment with bis selenide (1 and 5 mg/kg) decreased the depressive-like behavior and mechanical hypernociception in mice subjected to chronic constriction injury (CCI) (article 4). Moreover, the administration of bis selenide (5 and 10 mg/kg, po) showed a reduction in mechanical hyperalgesia and edema in inflammatory models induced by intraplantar (i.pl.) injection of Complete Freund Adjuvant (CFA), carrageenan (Cg) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) (article 5). The mechanical hyperalgesia induced by i.pl. injection of CFA or the brachial plexus avulsion (BPA) was attenuated by chronic administration of bis selenide without causing tolerance during treatment. Concomitant administration of bis selenide (5 and 10 mg/kg) with vincristine for 7 days attenuated the mechanical hyperalgesia from 3 to 28 days. According to this study, it may suggest that the mechanisms responsible for the antidepressant-like effect of bis selenide involve the modulation of serotonin (5-HT2A/C and 5-HT3) and PPARγ receptors and the NO/GMPc/K+ pathway. Furthermore, treatment with bis selenide reduced the depressive-like behavior induced by CCI and the mechanical hyperalgesia in inflammatory (CFA, Cg and PGE2) and neuropathic (BPA and vincristine) models. Thus, this study demonstrated that treatment with bis selenide showed antidepressant-like and anti- hyperalgesic effects in different models in mice.<br>A associação entre a depressão e a dor crônica é freqüente e bidirecional. O elevado número de pacientes com depressão e dores crônicas que são refratários aos medicamentos disponíveis atualmente torna importante a busca por novas drogas para o tratamento destas doenças. O seleneto vinílico bis substituído (SVBS) é um composto orgânico de selênio com atividades antioxidante, antinociceptiva e antiinflamatória em camundongos. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar o efeito do SVBS em modelos de depressão e dor em camundongos, além dos mecanismos farmacológicos envolvidos. A administração oral do SVBS (5 mg/kg, per oral, p.o.) reduziu o tempo de imobilidade no teste da suspensão da cauda (TSC) com um efeito máximo em 1 hora e permaneceu significativo em relação ao controle até 6 horas. O efeito causado pelo SVBS em reduzir o tempo de imobilidade foi observado nas doses de 0,5, 1 e 5 mg/kg no TSC e no teste do nado forçado (TNF) (artigo 1). A atividade do tipo antidepressiva do SVBS foi revertida pelo tratamento prévio com p-clorofenilalanina etil éster (PCPA, inibidor da síntese de serotonina (5-HT)), cetanserina (antagonista dos receptores 5-HT2A/2C), ondansetrona (antagonista dos receptores 5-HT3) (artigo 1), L-arginina (aminoácido precursor de óxido nítrico (NO)), sildenafil (inibidor da fosfodiesterase tipo 5, PDE-V), S-nitroso-N-acetil-penicilamina (SNAP, um doador de NO) (artigo 2), cromacalina (abrem os canais de potássio - K+), minoxidil (abrem os canais de K+) e GW 9662 (antagonista dos receptores ativados da proliferação de peroxissomos-gama (PPARγ) (artigo 3). Entretanto, o efeito do tipo antidepressivo do SVBS (1 mg/kg, p.o.) não foi prevenido pelo tratamento prévio com prazosin (antagonista de receptores α1), ioimbina (antagonista de receptores α2), propranolol (antagonista de receptores β), SCH 23390 (antagonista de receptores D1),
sulpirida (antagonista de receptores D2) e WAY 100635 (antagonista seletivo de receptores 5-HT1A) (artigo 1). Além disso, quando administrado em uma dose sub-ativa, o SVBS (0,1 mg/kg) apresentou uma ação sinérgica com a fluoxetina (antidepressivo inibidor seletivo da recaptação da serotonina), NG-nitro-L-arginina (inibidor da óxido nítrico sintase (NOS)), 7-nitroindazol (7-NI, inibidor seletivo da NOS neuronal), azul de metileno (inibidor da NOS e da guanilato ciclase (GC)), 1H- 1,2,4]oxadiazolo [4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-ona (ODQ, inibidor seletivo da GC) (artigo 2), tetraetilamônio (TEA, bloqueador dos diferentes tipos de canais de K+, inclusive os dependentes de voltagem), glibenclamida (bloqueador de canais de K+ dependente de ATP), caribdotoxina (bloqueador de canais de K+ de alta condutância ativados por cálcio) e apamina (bloqueador de canais de K+ de baixa condutância ativados por cálcio) (artigo 3). A administração do SVBS (0,1-5 mg/kg, p.o.) também não modificou a atividade das enzimas monoamina oxidase-A e B (MAO-A e MAO-B) e Na+K+ATPase no cérebro dos camundongos. Os níveis de nitrito/nitrato no cérebro foram reduzidos com o tratamento com SVBS (1 mg/kg, p.o.). O tratamento com SVBS (1 e 5 mg/kg) diminui o comportamento do tipo depressivo e a dor nos camundongos submetidos à injúria por constrição crônica (ICC) (artigo 4). Além disso, a administração do composto SVBS (5 e 10 mg/kg, p.o.) demonstrou uma redução na hiperalgesia e no edema induzidos pela administração intraplantar (i.pl.) de Adjuvante Completo de Freund (ACF), carragenina (Cg) e prostaglandina E2 (PGE2) (artigo 5). A hiperalgesia mecânica induzida pela administração i.pl. de ACF ou pela avulsão do plexo braquial (ABP) foi atenuada com a administração crônica do SVBS, sem causar tolerância durante o tratamento. A administração concomitante de SVBS (5 e 10 mg/kg, p.o.) com vincristina durante 7 dias atenuou a hiperalgesia mecânica do 3º ao 28º dia de teste. De acordo com o presente estudo pode-se sugerir que os mecanismos responsáveis pela ação do tipo antidepressiva do SVBS envolvem a modulação dos receptores serotonérgicos (5-HT2A/C e 5-HT3), PPARγ e via do NO/GMPc/K+. Além disso, o tratamento com SVBS reduziu o comportamento depressivo induzido pela ICC e a hiperalgesia mecânica em modelos inflamatórios (ACF, Cg e PGE2) e neuropáticos (ABP e vincristina). Desta forma, o presente estudo demonstrou que o tratamento com SVBS apresentou efeitos do tipo antidepressivo e anti-hiperalgésico em diferentes modelos em camundongos.
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Yao, Xiaojun. "Méthodes Non-linéaires (ANNs, SVMs) : applications à la Classification et à la Corrélation des Propriétés Physicochimiques et Biologiques." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA077182.
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Blanck, Cecilia, and Kerstin Sellin. "Från objekt till subjekt? : en kvalitativ undersökning av hur personer med funktionshinder och nedsatt autonomi skildras i SVTs nyhetssändningar." Thesis, Södertörn University College, The School of Culture and Communication, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-615.
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<p>Dagens svenska handikappolitik bygger på delaktighet och alla människors lika värde. Vi har undersökt om den officiella synen också slagit igenom i massmedia genom en kvalitativ undersökning av åtta nyhetsinslag i Rapport och Aktuellt som skildrar personer med begåvningsnedsättning och/eller nedsatt autonomi. Vi har också tittat på hur personerna skildras i förhållande till övriga i reportaget samt om medierna har någon ambition att föra den beroendes talan. Genom en kritisk diskursanalys har vi sökt utforska och kartlägga maktrelationer. Ett viktigt instrument har varit en lingvistisk analys.</p><p>Journalisternas ambition tycks vara att skildra personen med funktionshinder positivt och försvara eller förklara hennes behov och livssituation. Trots det dominerar ett latent budskap att personerna är osjälvständiga objekt, utanför den sociala gemenskap som journalist och tittare utgör. Tillsammans med en markant redaktionell särbehandling av aktörer med funktionshinder riskerar detta att öka diskrimineringen av personer med nedsatt autonomi.</p>
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Mellquist, Joanna, and Emelie Larsson. "Kända främlingar och diskursiva Andra : En kritisk granskning av porträtteringen av centraleuropeiska romer i svnsk dags- och tabloidpress 2010-2013." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-21734.
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Hur ser framställningen av rumänska och bulgariska romer ut i svensk dags- och tabloidpress? Vad säger den mediala bildom en större politisk och samhällelig kontext? I denna studie presenteras en översikt och analys av artiklar publicerade under perioden januari 2010–november 2013. Artiklarna är hämtade från Dagens Nyheter, Svenska Dagbladet, Expressen och Aftonbladet. Angreppssättet består av en metodtriangulerande ansats med en kombination av kvantitativ och kvalitativ innehållsanalys. I materialet framträder en förskjutning mot ett individualistiskt förhållningssätt, där fokus ligger på attityder hos läsarna snarare än strukturell problematisering. Resultatet av studien tyder på att rumänska och bulgariska romer riskerar att låsas fast i bestämda subjektspositioner, genom en diskursiv viktimisering. Bilden av centraleuropeiska romer som utsatta, fattiga, utan egen agens reproduceras och förstärks i tidningarnas rapportering. Det framkommer även att ett tydligt fokus på nationer samexisterar med en intention att avvärja en utbredning av främlingsfientlighet och antiziganism. Sammanfattningsvis visar resultaten att diskursen om centraleuropeiska romer är klassiskt andrafierande samtidigt som den används för att måla upp en bild av Sverige som duktig, antirasistisk humanistisk gentemot övriga länder i Europa.<br>This study has its focus on how Roma migrant from Rumania and Bulgaria is seen upon in the Swedish media. The material that is studied is selected from four of the largest newspapers in Sweden between January 2010 and November 2013. A triangulating method is used based on quantitative and qualitative content analysis. The analysis shows that the representation of Roma in the material is reproducing an image of Roma as the “Other”. The study also indicates a tendency towards an individualistic approach, where Rumanian and Bulgarian Roma risk to be locked to positions as victims of discrimination and poverty, without any agency from within the Roma community. These limited subject positions of are reproduced and become amplified through the medial presentation. A coexistence of a strong focus on nations and an attempt to stop a wider spread of nationalism and antiziganism does also appear in the material.
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Liu, Yüan. "Electrochemical determination of aluminum in aqueous solution and the investigation of the redox behavior of SVRS and some of its complexes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq30511.pdf.
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Ikonen, T. (Tuire). "Katten som inte har nån svans och hännätön kissa:översättning av nominalfraser från svenska till finska i barnberättelsen Pelle Svanslös på äventyr." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2016. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201601141027.
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Denna pro gradu-avhandling handlar om översättning av nominalfraser från svenska till finska. Syftet är att undersöka på vilket sätt nominalfraser och deras attribut förändras och vilka grammatiskt obligatoriska förändringar som sker vid översättning. Forskningsmaterialet består av en svensk barnbok och dess finska översättning. Undersökningen är kontrastiv för undersökningens utgångspunkt är det svenska originalet och den finska översättningen jämförs med det. Forskningsmetoden är kvalitativ. I undersökningen utredas hur nominalfrasernas struktur och attributens placering i relation till nominalfrasens huvudord har förändrats vid översättning. Det finns även en kvantitativ aspekt i undersökningen. I undersökningen iakttas i vilken mån olika slags nominalfraser förekommer i materialet och på vilket sätt nominalfraser oftast har förändrats. På grund av forskningsmaterialet har det skett flera förändringar vid översättning av nominalfraser med efterställda attribut än vid översättning av nominalfraser med framförställda attribut. De förändringar som skett vid översättning av nominalfraser med framförställda attribut är relativt få och de är sällan grammatiskt obligatoriska. Endast förändringarna som skett vid översättning av nekande pronomenattribut kan anses vara obligatoriska med tanke på grammatiken. Förändringarna som skett vid översättning av nominalfraser med efterställda attribut beror på olikheter mellan svenskans och finskans grammatiska struktur. I finskan är nominalfrasens attribut hellre framförställda än efterställda. Till exempel efterställda prepositionsattribut förekommer inte i finskan lika ofta som i svenskan och därför är dessa förändringar alltid grammatiskt obligatoriska. Även de efterställda adjektiv-. particip- och adverbattribut i originalet förverkligas på ett annat sätt i översättningen. Dessa förändringar är också obligatoriska eftersom sådana efterställda attribut inte förekommer i finskan. De flesta av de förändringar som finns i materialet är inte grammatiskt obligatoriska utan de är översättarens egna, frivilliga val. Det finns endast några förändringar i attributets placering i nominalfrasen som är grammatiskt obligatoriska och som beror på olikheter mellan svenskans och finskans ytstruktur<br>Tämä pro gradu -tutkielma käsittelee nominaalilausekkeiden kääntämistä ruotsista suomeksi. Tarkoituksena on tutkia, millä tavoin nominaalilausekkeet ja niiden määritteet muuttuvat käännettäessä ja mitkä muutokset ovat kieliopin mukaan pakollisia. Tutkimusaineistona on eräs ruotsinkielinen lastenkirja ja sen suomenkielinen käännös. Tutkimus on kontrastiivinen, sillä sen lähtökohtana on ruotsinkielinen lähtöteksti, johon suomenkielistä käännöstä verrataan. Tutkimusmenetelmä on kvalitatiivinen. Tutkimuksessa selvitetään, millä tavalla nominaalilausekkeiden rakenne ja määritteiden sijainti suhteessa nominaalilausekkeen edussanaan on muuttunut käännettäessä. Tutkimuksessa on myös kvantitatiivinen näkökulma. Tutkimuksessa huomioidaan, missä määrin erilaisia nominaalilausekkeita esiintyy tutkimusaineistossa ja millä tavoin nominaalilausekkeet ovat useimmiten muuttuneet. Tutkimusaineistossa on tapahtunut enemmän muutoksia jälkimääritteellisiä kuin etumääritteellisiä nominaalilausekkeita käännettäessä. Aineistossa on suhteellisen vähän muutoksia, jotka ovat tapahtuneet etumääritteellisiä nominaalilausekkeita käännettäessä, ja nämä muutokset ovat harvoin pakollisia. Ainoastaan muutoksia, jotka ovat tapahtuneet kielteisiä pronominimääritteitä käännettäessä, voidaan pitää kieliopin mukaa pakollisina. Muutokset, jotka ovat tapahtuneet jälkimääritteellisiä nominaalilausekkeita käännettäessä, johtuvat ruotsin ja suomen kieliopillisen rakenteen eroavaisuuksista. Suomen kielessä nominaalilausekkeen määritteet sijaitsevat useammin edussanan edessä kuin jäljessä. Suomessa ei esiinny esimerkiksi edussanan jäljessä olevia prepositiomääritteitä yhtä usein kuin ruotsissa, joten tällaiset muutokset ovat aina kieliopin mukaan pakollisia. Lisäksi alkutekstissä edussanan jäljessä olevat adjektiivi-, partisiippi- ja adverbimääritteet toteutuvat käännöksessä muulla tavoin. Myös nämä muutokset ovat pakollisia, sillä suomessa nominaalilausekkeen edussanalla ei voi olla tällaisia jälkimääritteitä. Useimmat tutkimusaineistossa esiintyvät muutokset eivät ole pakollisia vaan kääntäjän omia, vapaaehtoisia käännösratkaisuja. Ainoastaan muutamat nominaalilausekkeen edussanan ja sen määritteen suhteessa tapahtuneet muutokset ovat kieliopin mukaan pakollisia, ja ne johtuvat ruotsin ja suomen kielen pintarakenteen eroavaisuuksista
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Chiquito, Adrielle Aparecida. "Avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de pepino utilizando sistema computadorizado de análise de imagens de plântulas (SVISR), em comparação com procedimentos tradicionais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-02082011-094632/.
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O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência do sistema de análise de imagens de plântulas (Seedling Vigor Imaging System® - SVIS®) na determinação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de pepino, em comparação com informações fornecidas por testes de vigor recomendados para essa espécie. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em três épocas de avaliação com intervalos aproximados de três meses. Em cada época, a avaliação do potencial fisiológico foi efetuada usando-se os testes de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, envelhecimento acelerado tradicional e com solução saturada de NaCl, comprimento de plântulas e emergência de plântulas. Os resultados desses testes foram comparados com os dados obtidos com o uso do software Seedling Vigor Imaging System (SVIS®), que avaliou o desenvolvimento de plântulas escaneadas, mediante a obtenção de valores do comprimento da raiz primária, do hipocótilo e das plântulas, do índice de vigor e de uniformidade de desenvolvimento. Além disso, foram estudadas variações na proporção da participação do crescimento e da uniformidade de desenvolvimento das plântulas para o cálculo do índice de vigor no \"software SVIS®, na tentativa de verificar possíveis variações na sensibilidade do sistema para detectar diferenças no potencial fisiológico dos lotes avaliados. Concluiu-se que a análise computadorizada de imagens de plântulas é uma alternativa consistente e promissora para avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de pepino, com eficiência comprovada equivalente à verificada em testes tradicionais para determinação do vigor. As análises pelo SVIS® em plântulas com quatro dias de idade são mais precisas e a proporção crescimento/uniformidade para a composição do cálculo do índice de vigor não afeta a precisão da determinação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de pepino pela análise SVIS®.<br>This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of seedling digital image analysis (Seedling Vigor Imaging System® - SVIS®) to determine the physiological quality of cucumber seed lots, compared to information provided by vigor tests recommended for this species. Research comprised three evaluation times with a threemonth interval. Physiological quality determination comprised germination, germination first count, traditional and saturated salt accelerated aging, seedling length and seedling emergence tests. Results obtained were compared to data by the evaluation using the software Seedling Vigor Imaging System (SVIS®); in this system, seedlings were scanned and the image analysis made possible to obtain values of the primary root, hypocotyl and seedling lengths in addition to a vigor index and uniformity of seedling of development. It also studied the importance of the contribution of growth intensity and uniformity to compose the value of the vigor index calculated by the software. It was concluded that digital image analysis of seedlings is a consistent and promising alternative to provide reliable information of cucumber seed physiological quality, comparable to those from traditional tests. Analyses by SVIS ® of four-day old seedlings are more accurate, and the proportion growth/uniformity in the composition of the vigor index does not affect the accuracy of determining the physiological quality of cucumber seeds by analyses SVIS®.
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Nguyen, Vu Minh. "Off-Line Signature Verification using Novel Feature Extraction Techniques and Trajectory Recovery." Thesis, Griffith University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/368127.
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Feature extraction is an important process in automatic off-line signature verification systems. In this process, only the information that helps to identify the authenticity of questioned signatures is extracted and retained. Amongst the numerous feature extraction techniques investigated by researchers, grid segmentation schemes have been employed more favourably due to their encouraging results. The research presented in this dissertation focuses on improving the performance of Support Vector Machines (SVMs) based off-line signature verification systems using novel feature extraction techniques.
The research began with an in-depth investigation and comparative performance analysis of
the Modified Direction Feature (MDF), a structural feature extraction technique. Since the MDF
is known for its relatively high accuracies in the cursive character recognition problem, it has
been suggested that the performance of the MDF would be as encouraging in verifying Western (English) signatures due to the “cursive appearance” of the signatures. The other features employed for comparative studies were the two grid-based features proposed by Francesco Camastra and Wakabayashi et al. (Gradient feature). The former feature captures the information about the distribution of the foreground pixels in each grid cell whilst the latter utilises the directional information available. The comparisons of these state-of-the-art techniques set the foundation for the development of the novel feature extraction techniques proposed. In total, three novel local features and four global features were proposed and investigated. The local features include Gaussian Grid, Curvature Map, Variance and the local features are New Ratio, Energy, Trajectory Length, Moment. Amongst the local features proposed, the Gaussian Grid feature significantly outperformed all the state-of-the-art features mentioned above. Nevertheless, the combination of another particularly small-dimensional local feature, the Variance feature, with the global features also outperformed the MDF and the Camastra features, and closely approximates the performance of the Gradient feature. The total dimension of this feature set was only 33 compared to 120 of the MDF. This finding emphasizes the capability of small-dimensional global features.<br>Thesis (PhD Doctorate)<br>Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)<br>School of Information and Communication Technology<br>Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology<br>Full Text
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Sten, Mikaela, and Sebastian Öhman. "“Den här videon är inte bra, men den är inte dålig heller” - en studie om kvalitet och ungdomars uppfattning av SVTs ungdomsutbud." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20235.
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I denna kandidatuppsats studeras olika uppfattningar av begreppet kvalitet i allmänhet, och hur unga tonåringar uppfattar kvaliteten på Sveriges Televisions (SVT) ungdomsprogram i synnerhet. SVT har påtalat svårigheter för att nå de unga tittarna och uppsatsens hypotes var en fråga, om kampen för att nå ungdomarna kunde korrelera med en uppfattad låg kvalitet i produktionerna riktade till målgruppen. Denna studie fann att kvaliteten har mycket lite att göra med hur filmer och TV-serier uppfattas. Ungdomar baserar sin åsikt utifrån vilket värde en produktion ger dem. Den ackumulerade data som uppsatsen bygger på kommer från mailintervjuer, en fokusgruppsintervju och en netnografisk undersökning, tillsammans med information från akademiska böcker och artiklar. Studien är uppdelad i två delar; två resultatkapitel och två diskussionskapitel. Den första delen handlar om studiens första frågeställning ”Vad definierar kvalitet inom film och TV?” och den andra delen använder diskussionen från del ett för att diskutera den andra frågeställningen ”Vad anser målgruppen, 12-16 år, om kvaliteten på SVTs ungdomssatsningar?”.<br>In this bachelor thesis, we study the different perception of the term quality in general, and how young teens perceive the quality in Swedish public service (SVT) youth production in particular. SVT has declared their struggle to reach the adolescent viewers. Our hypothesis was a question if the struggle to reach young teen could correlate to a perceived low quality in their productions according to the target audience. We found, in our research, that quality has very little to do with how film and TVshows are perceived. Young people base their opinion on what value a production give them. The accumulated data which the thesis is based on comes from email interviews, a focus group interview, and a netnographic research, along with the information collected from academic books and articles. The study is divided into two parts; two result chapters and two discussion chapters. The first part is about the first question of the study "What defines quality in film and television?" and the second part uses the discussion from part one to discuss the second question "What does the target group, 12 16 years, think about the quality of SVT's youth productions?".
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Kim, Hack-Eun. "Machine prognostics based on health state probability estimation." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/41739/1/Hack-Eun_Kim_Thesis.pdf.
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The ability to accurately predict the remaining useful life of machine components is critical for machine continuous operation and can also improve productivity and enhance system’s safety. In condition-based maintenance (CBM), maintenance is performed based on information collected through condition monitoring and assessment of the machine health. Effective diagnostics and prognostics are important aspects of CBM for maintenance engineers to schedule a repair and to acquire replacement components before the components actually fail. Although a variety of prognostic methodologies have been reported recently, their application in industry is still relatively new and mostly focused on the prediction of specific component degradations. Furthermore, they required significant and sufficient number of fault indicators to accurately prognose the component faults. Hence, sufficient usage of health indicators in prognostics for the effective interpretation of machine degradation process is still required. Major challenges for accurate longterm prediction of remaining useful life (RUL) still remain to be addressed. Therefore, continuous development and improvement of a machine health management system and accurate long-term prediction of machine remnant life is required in real industry application. This thesis presents an integrated diagnostics and prognostics framework based on health state probability estimation for accurate and long-term prediction of machine remnant life. In the proposed model, prior empirical (historical) knowledge is embedded in the integrated diagnostics and prognostics system for classification of impending faults in machine system and accurate probability estimation of discrete degradation stages (health states). The methodology assumes that machine degradation consists of a series of degraded states (health states) which effectively represent the dynamic and stochastic process of machine failure. The estimation of discrete health state probability for the prediction of machine remnant life is performed using the ability of classification algorithms. To employ the appropriate classifier for health state probability estimation in the proposed model, comparative intelligent diagnostic tests were conducted using five different classifiers applied to the progressive fault data of three different faults in a high pressure liquefied natural gas (HP-LNG) pump. As a result of this comparison study, SVMs were employed in heath state probability estimation for the prediction of machine failure in this research. The proposed prognostic methodology has been successfully tested and validated using a number of case studies from simulation tests to real industry applications. The results from two actual failure case studies using simulations and experiments indicate that accurate estimation of health states is achievable and the proposed method provides accurate long-term prediction of machine remnant life. In addition, the results of experimental tests show that the proposed model has the capability of providing early warning of abnormal machine operating conditions by identifying the transitional states of machine fault conditions. Finally, the proposed prognostic model is validated through two industrial case studies. The optimal number of health states which can minimise the model training error without significant decrease of prediction accuracy was also examined through several health states of bearing failure. The results were very encouraging and show that the proposed prognostic model based on health state probability estimation has the potential to be used as a generic and scalable asset health estimation tool in industrial machinery.
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Vermeersch, Véronique. "Influence du sexe et de l'exercice physique sur la réponse immune dans un modèle murin de pneumopathie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, 2023. http://theses-scd.univ-brest.fr/2023/These-2023-SVS-Physiologie_physiopathologie_biologie_systemique_medicale-VERMEERSCH_Veronique.pdf.
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Le sepsis, malgré l'amélioration des pratiques, garde un pronostic défavorable pour de nombreux patients. En réponse à cette problématique, une compréhension approfondie des interactions entre l'organisme et les agents pathogènes est essentielle. Notre étude examine dans ce contexte l’impact de deux conditions physiologiques distinctes, le sexe et l'exercice physique, sur la réponse immunitaire en réponse à une infection en utilisant un modèle animal de sepsis. Une pneumopathie a été ainsi induite par injection intratrachéale de Klebsiella pneumoniae chez des souris mâles, des souris femelles et des souris ayant bénéficié d’exercice physique sur tapis roulant 5 jours par semaines pendant 6 semaines. Les souris femelles présentaient une composition immunitaire pulmonaire distincte des mâles, avec plus de neutrophiles et de lymphocytes, une réduction de l'inflammation et une meilleure survie après induction du sepsis par pneumopathie. Les souris préconditionnées par exercice physique avaient un risque de mortalité à J5 significativement plus faible par rapport aux souris témoins. Le préconditionnement par exercice était associé à une réduction la gravité de l’infection en induisant une réponse inflammatoire plus rapide mais transitoire. En conclusion, le sexe et l'exercice physique modulent la réponse immunitaire en réponse au sepsis avec un rôle protecteur du sexe féminin et de l'exercice physique sur le pronostic du sepsis dans notre modèle. Comprendre les mécanismes physiopathologiques liés à la modulation de la réponse immune lors de l'agression par un pathogène pourrait être extrêmement utile dans la lutte contre les maladies infectieuses et pourrait suggérer de nouvelles stratégies afin d’améliorer celle-ci<br>Sepsis, despite improvements in care, cames an unfavorable prognosis for many patients. In response to this challenge, a comprehensive understanding of the interactions between the host and pathogens is imperative to enhance the response to sepsis. Within this context, our study explores the influence of gender and exercise on sepsis- related immune response, employing an animal model infected with Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP). Pneumonia was induced through intratracheal injection of KP in male and female nuce, as well as in mice subjected to treadmill-based physical exercise. The results demonstrate that profound disparities in immune response between male and female subjects were observed. Female mice exhibited a distinct pulmonary immune composition, characterized by higher neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, leading to reduced inflammation and enhanced survival post-sepsis. Furthermore, results showed that exercise mitigated the severity of the infection and reduced mortality by elidting a faster but transient inflammatory response. In summary, sex and physical exercise significantfy modulate the immune response to sepsis. Investlgating these mechanisms provides promising prospects for tailored clinicaI approaches and novel therapeutic strategies
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Iperi, Cristian. "Identification of B lymphocyte alterations in systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren syndrome using multiomics integration approach." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Brest, 2024. http://theses-scd.univ-brest.fr/2024/These-2024-SVS-Immunologie-IPERI_Cristian.pdf.
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Le métabolisme joue un rôle crucial dans l'orchestration et la régulation des processus immunologiques dans les cellules immunitaires, y compris les lymphocytes B.Cette branche, appelée immunométabolisme, étudie comment les altérations métaboliques influencent les réponses immunitaires et le développement de pathologies auto-immunes.Ce manuscrit traite spécifiquement du lupus érythémateux systémique (LES) et du syndrome de Sjögren (SjS) via une approche axée sur leurs altérations métaboliques dans les cellules B et leur environnement. L'intérêt pour ces maladies réside dans les mécanismes bien documentés de l'immunotolérance et le rôle du métabolisme dans leur maintien et exacerbation. Grâce aux données multiomiques de transcriptomique,métabolomique, méthylomique, cytométrie et aux données cliniques du consortium européen PRECISESADS, une analyse multi-omique des deux pathologies a été réalisée pour étudier leurs différences et similitudes. Cela a conduit au développement de BiomiX, un outil bioinformatique pour démocratiser ce type d'analyse. Ce travail de thèse a identifié une augmentation du récepteur LPAR6 dans les lymphocytes B, associée à une augmentation des acides lysophosphatidiques (LPA) dans le plasma, tant dans le LES que dans le SjS, ainsi qu'une activation particulière des voies de récupération des nucléotides chez les patients atteints de LES. La déplétion commune des nucléotides et du tryptophane, ainsi que les altérations du métabolisme du NAD, de l'adhésion cellulaire et de la voie WNT, sont également étudiées. Ces résultats ouvrent la voie à des thérapies potentielles pour le LES et le SjS basées sur la restauration du métabolisme cellulaire<br>Metabolism plays a crucial role in orchestrating and regulating immunological processes in immune cells, including B lymphocytes. This branch, called immunometabolism, studies how metabolic alterations influence immune responses and the development of autoimmune pathologies. This manuscript deals specifically with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) via an approach focusing on their metabolic alterations in B cells and their environment. The interest in these diseases lies in the well-documented mechanisms ofimmunotolerance and the role of metabolism in their maintenance and exacerbation. Using multi-omics data from transcriptomics, metabolomics, methylomics, flow cytometry and clinical data from the European PRECISESADS consortium, a multi-omics analysis of the two diseases was carried out to study their differences and similarities. This led to the development of BiomiX, a bioinformatics tool designed to democratize this type of analysis. This thesis work identified an increase in the LPAR6 receptor in B lymphocytes, associated with an increase in plasma lysophosphatidic acids (LPA) in both SLE and SjS, as well as a particular activation of nucleotide salvage pathways in SLE patients. Common nucleotide and tryptophan depletion, as well as alterations in NAD metabolism, cell adhesion and the WNT pathway, are also investigated. Theseresults pave the way for potential therapies for SLE and SjS based on restoration of cellular metabolism
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Tichonovas, Tomas. "Sandėlio valdymo sistema „Maelstrom“." Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130821_131617-79434.
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Sukurta firmai „West END Knitwear Ltd.“ Sandėlio vadymo sistema „Maelstrom“. Ši programą optimizuoja įmonės darbą pateikdama ataskaitas apie produkciją bei darbuotojų veiksmus. Darbas atliktas optimizuojant programą pagal tam tikras, darbe aprašytas taisykles.<br>Warehouse Management System “Maelstrom” is created for “West END Knitwear Ltd.” Company. This program optimizes company's work by providing accurate reports on sales and employees actions. Also it was done in an efficient way by following some rules that were defined in this work.
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Calorio, Miranda Miguel Antonio. "Sobre la potestad invalidatoria de la administración y su esclarecimiento a la luz de un caso de la SVS." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2018. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/151228.
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Silva, Vanessa Neumann. "Avaliação da qualidade de sementes de tomate e de berinjela por meio de análise de imagens." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11136/tde-16082012-082348/.
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Os objetivos deste trabalho foram verificar a relação existente entre a morfologia interna de sementes de tomate e de berinjela e a germinação e verificar a possibilidade de utilização do sistema computadorizado de análise de imagens de plântulas SVIS (Seed Vigour Image System) para detectar diferenças de vigor entre lotes de sementes de tomate e de berinjela em comparação as informações fornecidas por testes de vigor tradicionalmente utilizados. A primeira etapa da pesquisa foi o estudo da morfologia interna de sementes, que foi realizado com sementes de tomate dos cultivares Santa Clara e Mariana, representadas por 10 lotes cada, e sementes de berinjela, cultivar Embu, também representada por 10 lotes, as quais foram avaliadas por meio do teste de raios X e após submetidas ao teste de germinação, com avaliação aos 5 e 7 dias (tomate e berinjela, respectivamente) após a instalação do teste. As imagens das sementes foram analisadas com o software Image Pro Plus® e o espaço livre entre o embrião e o endosperma de cada semente foi mensurado, calculando-se, por diferença, o espaço da cavidade interna das sementes preenchido pelo embrião e endosperma; com base nestes dados e na análise visual das sementes, foi realizada a classificação das sementes em categorias e estes resultados foram confrontados com os dados de germinação. Na segunda etapa do trabalho dez lotes de sementes de tomate dos cultivares Santa Clara e Mariana e dez lotes de sementes de berinjela cultivar Embu foram armazenados por 12 meses em sala com ambiente controlado a 20±1°C e 45-50% de umidade relativa do ar. O teor de água das sementes foi monitorado e o potencial fisiológico avaliado aos 0, 3, 6, 9 e 12 meses após o armazenamento, com os testes de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação, envelhecimento acelerado (tradicional e com solução salina saturada), condutividade elétrica, emergência de plântulas e o sistema de análise computadorizada de plântulas SVIS (comprimento de plântulas, índices de vigor, de crescimento e de uniformidade de crescimento). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com 4 repetições. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e comparação de médias por meio do teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Concluiu-se que a análise de raios X permite a visualização clara das partes componentes das sementes de tomate e de berinjela e, assim, possibilita o estudo da relação entre a morfologia interna das sementes e a germinação; para sementes de tomate e de berinjela a presença de maior área livre na cavidade interna das sementes não significa necessariamente redução na capacidade germinativa; a presença de danos nas sementes pode afetar a germinação, dependendo da extensão destes e de sua localização; a análise computadorizada de plântulas com o software SVIS® é eficiente para avaliar o potencial fisiológico de sementes de tomate e de berinjela; a coerência de seus resultados com as informações fornecidas por meio dos testes de vigor tradicionalmente utilizados depende do índice utilizado; de maneira geral, os índices de vigor e de crescimento de plântulas e o comprimento de plântulas são mais eficientes para avaliação do potencial fisiológico de sementes de tomate. Para sementes de berinjela, todos os índices obtidos na análise via SVIS são eficientes para separar os lotes em níveis de vigor de forma similar às avaliações rotineiramente utilizadas para essa finalidade.<br>The aim of this work was study the relationship between eggplant and tomato seed morphology and seed germination and verify the possibility of computerized seedling image system (SVIS) detect vigour differences between tomato and eggplant seed lots compared to traditional vigour tests. Tomato seeds cultivars Santa Clara and Mariana, represented by 10 lots each one, and eggplant seeds cultivar Embu, also represented by 10 lots, were used in this work. In the first study seeds were evaluated by X ray image analysis and germination standard test. Seed image analysis was performed by Image Pro Plus® software and whole seed area and free spaces between embryo and endosperm were measured. Seed internal area filled by embryo and endosperm was calculated by difference between whole seed area and free space areas. Based in these results and visual seed analysis, seeds were classify in to three categories, in each one germination information were studied. In the second experiment tomato and eggplant seeds were stored for 12 months in a room with controlled environmental conditions at 20±1 °C and 45-50% RH. Seed moisture content was verified and seed physiological potential evaluated at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after storage, by germination test, first count of germination, accelerated aging (traditional and with saturated salt solution), electrical conductivity, seedling emergence, and with SVIS system (seedling length, vigour index, growth index and uniformity of growth index). A randomized complete design was used with 4 replications. Data were submitted to Tukey test at 5% of probability. In the first experiment was possible verify that X ray image analyzis allows a perfect view of internal seed parts and seed morphology studies. Increase on seed areas filled by endosperm and embryo do not improve seed germination. Seed damages could affect germination, but it depends of damage extension and localization. Seedling image analysis by SVIS was efficient to evaluate tomato and eggplant seed physiological potential; coincidence on SVIS results and traditional vigour tests results is dependent of each index is used; in general, vigour index, growth index and seedling length are more efficient to evaluate tomato seed vigour; for eggplant seeds all SVIS indexes are efficient to classify seed lots by vigour as traditional tests.
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Boman, Kalle. "White trash : En diskursanalys av SVTs Mia och Klara- karaktär Tabita Karlsson som stereotyp White trash och representant för föreställningar om etnisk svensk underklass." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-175519.
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Mia och Klara- karaktären Tabita Karlsson är den ideala White trash-stereotypen. Hon är en deltidisarbetslös ensamstående mamma med tre barn med tre olika män. Hon är sexuellt promiskuös, röker och dricker alkohol i tid och otid, pratar dialekt och bor på landet. Ovårdad och odisciplinerad, sedeslös, vulgär och agerar helt utan tanke på vad som anses passande av den rådande medelklassnormen. Med Tabita Karlsson som material presenteras de diskurser vilka utgör White trash-stereotypen med hjälp av diskursanalys enligt Laclau och Mouffe. För att bredda sammanhangen gjordes en kontextualisering av diskursanalysen i uppsatsen där debatter, fenomen och aktörer vilka använder White trash- begreppet och fyller det med mening, analyserats. Norbert Elias och John L Scotsons analys av en ojämn maktfördelning mellan etablerade och outsiders användes för att presentera relationen mellan den grupp etablerade som använder ordet White trash och den grupp outsiders vilka föreställs vara White trash. Genom en klassanalys argumenteras det i uppsatsen för att de etablerade har en gemensam kultur vilken strakt präglas av medelklassnormer. Med Mary Douglas teori om rituell orenhet analyseras White trash som en social funktion där etiketten smuts appliceras på de fenomen vilka inte passar in i den förväntade ordningen. Den föreställda underklassen med White trash-stereotypen som representant ses i det ljuset som brott mot medelklassnormen och den goda samhällsandan. Dessa normbrottsliga handlingar stigmatiserar brottslingen som vitt skräp, White trash. En bakgrund till uppsatsen var att öka förståelsen och innebörden av White trash-stereotypen i Sverige eftersom det inledande visade sig finnas väldigt få vetenskapliga publikationer på ämnet.
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Theußl, Stefan, and Achim Zeileis. "Collaborative Software Development Using R-Forge." Department of Statistics and Mathematics, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2008. http://epub.wu.ac.at/222/1/document.pdf.
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Open source software (OSS) is typically created in a decentralized self-organizing process by a community of developers having the same or similar interests. A key factor for the success of OSS over the last two decades is the internet: Developers who rarely meet face-to-face can employ new means of communication, both for rapidly writing and deploying software. Therefore, many tools emerged that assist a collaborative software development process, including in particular tools for source code management (SCM) and version control. In the R world, SCM is not a new idea, in fact, the R Development Core Team has always been using SCM tools for the R sources; first by means of Concurrent Versions System (CVS), and then via Subversion (SVN). A central repository is hosted by ETH Zürich mainly for managing the development of the base R system. Mailing lists like R-help, R-devel and many others are currently the main communication channels in the R community. Also beyond the base system, many R contributors employ SCM tools for managing their R packages, e.g., via web-based SVN repositories like SourceForge (http://SourceForge.net/) or Google Code (http://Code.Google.com/). However, there has been no central SCM repository providing services suited to the specific needs of R package developers. Since early 2007, the R-project offers such a central platform to the R community. R-Forge (http://R-Forge.R-project.org/) provides a set of tools for source code management and various web-based features. It aims to provide a platform for collaborative development of R packages, R-related software or further projects.<br>Series: Research Report Series / Department of Statistics and Mathematics
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Bordes, Antoine. "Nouveaux Algorithmes pour l'Apprentissage de Machines à Vecteurs Supports sur de Grandes Masses de Données." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00464007.
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Internet ainsi que tous les moyens numériques modernes disponibles pour communiquer, s'informer ou se divertir génèrent des données en quantités de plus en plus importantes. Dans des domaines aussi variés que la recherche d'information, la bio-informatique, la linguistique computationnelle ou la sécurité numérique, des méthodes automatiques capables d'organiser, classifier, ou transformer des téraoctets de données apportent une aide précieuse. L'apprentissage artificiel traite de la conception d'algorithmes qui permettent d'entraîner de tels outils à l'aide d'exemples d'apprentissage. Utiliser certaines de ces méthodes pour automatiser le traitement de problèmes complexes, en particulier quand les quantités de données en jeu sont insurmontables pour des opérateurs humains, paraît inévitable. Malheureusement, la plupart des algorithmes d'apprentissage actuels, bien qu'efficaces sur de petites bases de données, présentent une complexité importante qui les rend inutilisables sur de trop grandes masses de données. Ainsi, il existe un besoin certain dans la communauté de l'apprentissage artificiel pour des méthodes capables d'être entraînées sur des ensembles d'apprentissage de grande échelle, et pouvant ainsi gérer les quantités colossales d'informations générées quotidiennement. Nous développons ces enjeux et défis dans le Chapitre 1. Dans ce manuscrit, nous proposons des solutions pour réduire le temps d'entraînement et les besoins en mémoire d'algorithmes d'apprentissage sans pour autant dégrader leur précision. Nous nous intéressons en particulier aux Machines à Vecteurs Supports (SVMs), des méthodes populaires utilisées en général pour des tâches de classification automatique mais qui peuvent être adaptées à d'autres applications. Nous décrivons les SVMs en détail dans le Chapitre 2. Ensuite, dans le Chapitre 3, nous étudions le processus d'apprentissage par descente de gradient stochastique pour les SVMs linéaires. Cela nous amène à définir et étudier le nouvel algorithme, SGD-QN. Après cela, nous introduisons une nouvelle procédure d'apprentissage : le principe du “Process/Reprocess”. Nous déclinons alors trois algorithmes qui l'utilisent. Le Huller et LaSVM sont présentés dans le Chapitre 4. Ils servent à apprendre des SVMs destinés à traiter des problèmes de classification binaire (décision entre deux classes). Pour la tˆache plus complexe de prédiction de sorties structurées, nous modifions par la suite en profondeur l'algorithme LaSVM, ce qui conduit à l'algorithme LaRank présenté dans le Chapitre 5. Notre dernière contribution concerne le problème récent de l'apprentissage avec une supervision ambigüe pour lequel nous proposons un nouveau cadre théorique (et un algorithme associé) dans le Chapitre 6. Nous l'appliquons alors au problème de l'étiquetage sémantique du langage naturel. Tous les algorithmes introduits dans cette thèse atteignent les performances de l'état-de-l'art, en particulier en ce qui concerne les vitesses d'entraînement. La plupart d'entre eux ont été publiés dans des journaux ou actes de conférences internationaux. Des implantations efficaces de chaque méthode ont également été rendues disponibles. Dans la mesure du possible, nous décrivons nos nouveaux algorithmes de la manière la plus générale possible afin de faciliter leur application à des tâches nouvelles. Nous esquissons certaines d'entre elles dans le Chapitre 7.