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Journal articles on the topic 'Swazi language'
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1
Mordaunt, Owen Glen. "Attitudes of Swazi teacher trainees towards first official language." Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 12, no. 3 (January 1991): 205–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01434632.1991.9994459.
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Mthembu, Maxwell Vusumuzi. "The Political and Economic History of Swaziland’s First Indigenous-language Newspaper, Izwi Lama Swazi (The Voice of the Swazi)." African Journalism Studies 41, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23743670.2020.1727545.
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Prinsloo, Danie J. "Electronic Dictionaries viewed from South Africa." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 18, no. 34 (March 8, 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v18i34.25798.
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The aim of this article is to evaluate currently available electronic dictionaries from a South African perspective for the eleven official languages of South Africa namely English, Afrikaans and the nine Bantu languages Zulu, Xhosa, Swazi, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Southern Sotho, Tswana, Tsonga and Venda. A brief discussion of the needs and status quo for English and Afrikaans will be followed by a more detailed discussion of the unique nature and consequent electronic dictionary requirements of the Bantu languages. In the latter category the focus will be on problematic aspects of lemmatisation which can only be solved in the electronic dictionary dimension.
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Brear, Michelle. "Swazi co-researcher participants’ dynamic preferences and motivations for, representation with real names and (English-language) pseudonyms – an ethnography." Qualitative Research 18, no. 6 (November 30, 2017): 722–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468794117743467.
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Using pseudonyms is the accepted and expected ethical practice for maintaining participants’ privacy in qualitative research. However it may not always be ethical, for example in participatory action research (PAR), where academics aim to recognise co-researcher participants’ contributions. I used Bourdieusian theory to analyse data detailing deliberations about, and the dynamic pseudonym-related preferences of, 10 co-researcher participants, generated through an ethnography of PAR in rural Swaziland. The analysis demonstrates the salience of engaging participants in careful deliberations about pseudonyms and the racism and privilege inherent to the practice of White (or otherwise powerful) academics researching and representing non-White (or otherwise marginalized) participants. It further highlights practical strategies academics might employ to facilitate ethical and potentially transformative deliberations with their research participants about pseudonyms, which unmask this racism and privilege.
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Woodson, Dorothy C. "The J. S. M. Matsebula Collection at the University of Swaziland." History in Africa 18 (1991): 381–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3172073.
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On 24 November 1989 the Library at the University of Swaziland in Kwaluseni formally received a large portion of the papers and manuscripts of the eminent Swazi writer, historian, statesman, and current chief executive of the Swaziland National Trust, J. S. M. Matsebula. The deposit of these papers has formed the nucleus of a small, but interesting and rapidly expanding, Swaziana Collection and this contribution, it is hoped, will inspire other prominent Swazis and scholars of Swaziland similarly to deposit their materials. The preeminent anthropologist, Hilda Kuper, has recently offered her large and valuable collection of manuscripts and field notes to the University of Swaziland, and the elder statesman, J. J. Nquku, founder of the Swaziland Progressive Party (among other accomplishments), is preparing his personal papers for the Collection as well. Additionally, it has just been learned that the Swaziland Oral History Project materials will be transferred to the University of Swaziland from the University of the Witwatersrand.James Shadrack Mkhulunyelwa Matsebula was born in 1918, outside Mbabane, the capital of Swaziland, into a family which has traditionally played a significant role in ritual Swazi royal life. The King's first wife is chosen from the Matsebulas and is known as laMatsebula. He was educated in Swaziland and South Africa and has written on a wide variety of topics in several genres and languages.
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Suzman, Susan M. "Kay McCormick & R. Mestrie (eds.), Post-Apartheid South Africa. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 136. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1999." Language in Society 30, no. 2 (April 2001): 265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404501212056.
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In South Africa, the transition from an apartheid regime to a popularly elected government in 1994 made possible wide-ranging changes in power relations in every sphere of human interaction, including language. Under the new political dispensation, there are 11 official languages (listed in order of numbers of speakers): Zulu, Xhosa, Afrikaans, Tswana, North Sotho, English, South Sotho, Tsonga, Swati, Ndebele, and Venda. They replace English and Afrikaans, formerly the 2 official languages.
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Davey, A. S. "A Swati comparative list." South African Journal of African Languages 10, no. 4 (January 1990): 372–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02572117.1990.10586871.
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Ali, Syed Sajjad, Tariq Mahmood, and Sulaiman Ahmad. "Problems Faced by Pashto Speaking Community in the Articulation of English Fricative Consonants at Undergraduate Level in Swabi." Summer 2022 2, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 167–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.54183/jssr.v2i3.105.
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The present research study aims at exploring the phonological errors with regard to the segmental features committed by the Pashtun ESL learners in Swabi (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa). In this research study, the researchers have used an audio recording as a tool to collect the data from the respondents. Both males and females were included in the data collection to fulfil the ethics of the research. The data was analysed and presented in a tabulated form. The results of the research show that Pashto speakers at Distt Swabi are significantly affected by the first language (Pashto) in the speaking of English, especially in terms of pronunciation. It is hoped that the findings of this research will present a set of general ideas to EFL teachers about the possible problems that the Pashto speakers of English in the area may face in pronunciation. Furthermore, English language teachers being aware of these problems of the students, like lack of familiarity with certain phonemes, and lack of concentration, can accommodate these problems by giving more time to focus on the phonemes that are creating a problem.
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Kour, Manpreet. "Social philosophy of Swami Dayanand Saraswati." RESEARCH HUB International Multidisciplinary Research Journal 10, no. 7 (July 31, 2023): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.53573/rhimrj.2023.v10n07.008.
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“Give the world your best and the best will come back to you”
– Swami Dayanand Saraswati
Man's social being only confirms that he has a thinking mind and social norms, which separates him from animals. Swami Dayanand Saraswati ji believed in the service of only human beings and the entire society. He said that when as long as evil practices and superstitions remain dominant in the Indian society, political awakening and national integration is not possible in India. In their absence the real form of society has vanished. Swami ji presented serious thoughts on social problems and presented a plan for social reform.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
’’दुनिया को अपना सर्वश्रेष्ठ दीजिए और आपके पास सर्वश्रेष्ठ लौटकर आएगा’’
- स्वामी दयानंद सरस्वती
मनुष्य का सामाजिक होना ही इस बात की पुष्टि करता है कि उसके पास चिन्तनशील मस्तिष्क और सामाजिक मर्यादाऐं है, जो कि उसे जानवरों से अलग करता है, स्वामी दयानंद सरस्वती जी मानव मात्र एवं सम्पूर्ण समाज की सेवा में विश्वास करते थे उनका कहना था कि जब तक भारतीय समाज में कुरीतियाँ एवं अंधविश्वास हावी रहेगें तब तक भारत में राजनीतिक जाग्रति एवं राष्ट्रीय एकीकरण संभव नहीं है। इनके अभाव में समाज का वास्तविक स्वरूप ही समाप्त हो गया है। स्वामी जी ने सामाजिक समस्याओें पर गम्भीरतापूवर्क विचार प्रस्तुत करते हुए समाज सुधार की योजना प्रस्तुत की।
Keywords: स्वामी दयानंद सरस्वती, जाति-प्रथा, नारी गरिमा, वैदिक मूल्य।
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Lenjima, Jemima, and Jacob Leopold Mwalongo. "Vigezo vya utoaji majina ya asili ya watu katika jamiilugha ya Wagogo." Eastern Africa Journal of Kiswahili (EAJK) 2, no. 1 (September 11, 2023): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.51317/eajk.v2i1.398.
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Makala haya yamejikita katika kuchunguza vigezo vya utoaji majina ya asili ya watu katika jamiilugha ya Wagogo. Makala haya yameongozwa na swali moja katika kuandaliwa kwake. Swali hilo linauliza: Vigezo gani vinavyotumika katika utoaji wa majina ya asili ya watu katika jamiilugha ya Wagogo? Mbali na kujadili swali hilo muhimu, makala pia yametoa mapendekezo kuhusu njia za kuendeleza matumizi ya majina ya asili ya watu katika jamiilugha husika. Makala haya ni muhimu kwa watu wote yaani wanaotumia majina ya asili ya watu na wasiotumia majina hayo. Data ambayo ilichunguzwa ni sehemu ya data iliyokusanywa kutoka katika wilaya ya Mpwapwa na Chamwino kutoka katika mkoa wa Dodoma nchini Tanzania. Vijiji vya Mima na Gulwe kutoka wilaya ya Mpwapwa na vijiji vya Mvumi Misheni na Handali kutoka wilaya ya Chamwino vimehusishwa. Uchanganuzi na uchambuzi wa data za makala haya umetumia mbinu ya mahojiano na majadiliano ya kundi lengwa katika kukusanya data uwandani na umeongozwa na Nadharia ya Uumbaji ya Sapir- Whorf, (1958) inayosisitiza kwamba lugha ndio msingi wa kuuelewa ulimwengu. Mtu anapojifunza lugha ni kama anatawaliwa na lugha hiyo hata dunia unayoiumba akilini mwako itatokana na dunia ilivyoratibiwa na wasemaji wake. Katika kuchambua na kuwasilisha data, makala haya yametumia mkabala wa kimaelezo. Matokeo ya uchunguzi yamedhihirisha vigezo mbalimbali vya utoaji majina ya asili ya watu katika jamiilugha ya Wagogo. Vigezo hivyo huweza kuwa na mfanano katika mambo fulani na wakati huohuo kunaweza kuwa na upekee unaotafautisha jamiilugha moja na nyingine.
ABSTRACT
This article is based on investigating the origin of the names of people in the Gogo language Community. This article has been led by one question in its preparation. The question asks, what criteria are used to give names of people in the Gogo language community? In addition to discussing the key question, the article has suggested ways to develop the use of natural names of people in the relevant community. This article is important to all people who use natural names and those who do not use the names. The investigated data is a part of data collected from the Mpwapwa and Chamwino Districts from the Dodoma Region in Tanzania, Mima and Gulwe from Mpwapwa District, Mvumi Mission and Handali from Chamwino District. This article employed interviews and group discussions to collect data in analysing data. It is dominated by the Sapir-Whorf (1958) Creation Theory, which insists that language is the basis for understanding the world. When you learn a language is, if you governed by the language, even the world you create in your mind will result from the world coordinated by its speakers. In analysing and submitting data, this article has used qualitative methods in defining data. The investigation results have identified the various criteria for the natural names given to the people in the Gogo language community. The criteria may have a variety of factors and, at the same time, may be unique in distinguishing one and the other.
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Dasgupta, Koushiki. "Textualing Women as ‘Hindu’." Indian Historical Review 44, no. 2 (December 2017): 270–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0376983617726640.
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Institutional interpretation on Hindu womanhood is one of the vague areas of historical research in modern India. The rise and growth of ‘new’ Indian womanhood in late nineteenth century put forward a number of unresolved issues like domesticity, conjugality, sexuality public service, motherhood, companionate marriages and others into the nationalist arena and a few pamphlets were published in twentieth century to redress these issues from an ultra-gendered platform. One such interpretation came from the Bharat Sevashram Sangha which not only challenged the notions of ‘neo’ womanhood of nineteenth century, but also provided one sanctified ideal of Hindu womanhood based on the alternative mode of Hindutva, if not Hindu nationalism. Swami Vedananda’s Hindu Narir Adorsho O Sadhona (The Ideals and Vows of the Hindu Women) could be cited as an excellent example of how obscure references from classical Hinduism were used to ‘legitimise’ and ‘revive’ the past for the reconstruction of Hindu womanhood at a time when a hegemonic middle-class culture had already been consolidated on the language of nationalist modernity. Bharat Sevashram Sangha and, for example, Swami Vedananda completely rejected modernity as an offshoot of colonialism; a paradox which defined woman both as self-conscious subject and as passive recipients of reform. The present article seeks to analyse the text of Swami Vedananda as a counter narrative of colonial/nationalist modernity on Hindu womanhood and traces the reasons why the Sangh failed to resolve the question of ‘female masculinity’ it had once proposed to work on.
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Wu, Yu Ren. "Form Grinding Simulation and Tool Abrasion Estimation for Twin Screw Compressor Rotors Based on Solidworks API." Advanced Materials Research 579 (October 2012): 174–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.579.174.
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This paper presents a form grinding simulation of twin-screw compressor rotors with high precision. The simulation interface has been developed using VB.NET programming language based on SWAPI (SolidWorks Application Programming Interface), and the mathematical model of rotor form grinding has been established for generating the tool-feeding path. Based on the proposed procedure, the machined rotor model can be rapidly obtained with the required precision. Furthermore, the grinding area and tool abrasion on the grinding wheel can be both estimated and displayed through the use of existing SW tools for longevity assessment.
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Singh, Karamjeet. "Relevance of Swami Vivekananda's philosophy in India's renaissance." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 9, no. 6 (June 14, 2024): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2024.v09.n06.007.
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The 19th century is considered to be the century of religious and social renaissance in India. During this period, people influenced by western education started testing social traditions, religion, customs and cultural traditions on the touchstone of logic and tried to give a new direction to the society. Swami Vivekananda's place in this context is very important. Swami Vivekananda has played an important role in the field of social, religious and political renaissance in India. A great man thinks, understands and expresses his views about the situation of his time. The poverty, education, agriculture, women empowerment and other major problems that existed in Swami Vivekananda's time have not ended even today. Vivekananda had also thought about them at that time and also suggested ways to deal with them, but today's ruling people do not have the time to pay attention to them. Not only this, these learned men have also created different types of Vivekanandas according to their convenience. Abstract in Hindi Language: 19वीं सदी को भारत में धार्मिक और सामाजिक पुनर्जागरण की सदी माना जाता है। इस दौरान पाश्चात्य शिक्षा से प्रभावित लोगों ने सामाजिक परम्परा, धर्म, रीति-रिवाज और सांस्कृतिक परम्पराओं को तर्क की कसौटी पर कसना शुरू किया और समाज को एक नई दिशा देने की कोशिश की। इस कड़ी में स्वामी विवेकानंद का स्थान बेहद महत्वपूर्ण है। स्वामी विवेकानंद ने भारत में सामाजिक, धार्मिक और राजनीतिक पुनर्जागरण के क्षेत्र में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाई हैं। महापुरुष अपने समय की स्थिति के बारे में सोचता, समझता और अपने विचार रखता हैं। जो गरीबी, शिक्षा, खेती, महिला सशक्तिकरण और अन्य बड़ी समस्याओं स्वामी विवेकानंद के समय में थी , वे आज भी समाप्त नहीं हुई हैं। उस समय पर विवेकानंद ने भी विचार किया था और इनका सामना करने के तरीके भी बताए थे लेकिन आज के सत्तारूढ़ लोगों को इन पर गौर करने की फुर्सत ही नहीं है। इतना ही नहीं, इन ज्ञानी-पंडितों ने अपनी सुविधा के अनुसार तरह-तरह के विवेकानंद भी गढ़ लिए हैं। Keywords: स्वामी विवेकानंद, दर्शन, पुनर्जागरण, सामाजिक, राजनीतिक।
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K, Karthick, and Thiruveni V. "Religiosity in Pulamai ilakkanam." International Research Journal of Tamil 3, no. 4 (September 21, 2021): 156–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt21419.
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Until the Sangam literary period (till 200 AD), Tamil language was secular and Tamil literature was created with an emphasis on virtue in both internal and external life. After that, religious literature started appearing in Tamil language. Tamil grammar texts are based on literature that appeared in different periods. Thus the “Pulamai ilakkanam” (grammar for scholarliness) composed by Vannacharabam Dantapani swami reveals the literary context that prevailed in the 19th century when he lived. Pulamai ilakkanam shows the author's religiosity and the religious beliefs and devotion in the field of education and literature at that time. Grammar is the rules for creating literature. If so, constructing Tamil scholarliness in relation to a particular religion would be tantamount to narrow down the breadth of the Tamil language. Based on the content of Pulamai ilakkanam and the literary context of the time, this article discusses the dominance of the religions over Tamil literature and the use oflanguage by religions for their development.
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Mushtaq, Atif. "Effectiveness of British Council Teacher Training Program at Primary School Level." Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.55737/qjssh.257455953.
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The British Council's teacher training programme in the Swabi district was the focus of this study. Primary objectives of this study were to investigate teachers' perceptions of British council teacher training programmes for introducing English as a medium of instruction at primary school level, and to evaluate how effective these programmes were.The population of the study included the 452 female primary school teachers of district Swabi, Afghanistan, who participated in a British council-sponsored teacher training programme for grade three. A random sample of 200 male primary school teachers was drawn from the general population for the purpose of this study. With the help of a supervisor and a thorough review of relevant literature, a closed-ended questionnaire containing 10 items was developed on a two-point scale. Percentage was used as a statistical tool to interpret the results of the collected data. Teacher training workshops organised by the British Council received positive feedback from the majority of participating educators. 82.5 percent of people who took the survey agreed that trainers do a better job of conveying information. 97.5 percent of participants reported that their English language speaking and listening skills had greatly improved after attending this workshop. Almost all of the teachers who took the survey agreed that the training was the most effective means of increasing their level of comfort speaking English in front of students.
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Khushnuma, Farkhunda Rasheed Choudhary, and Rukhsana Durrani. "Mother Tongue as Medium of Instruction for Effective Communication and Science Learning at Elementary Level." Global Educational Studies Review V, no. IV (December 30, 2020): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gesr.2020(v-iv).05.
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In most of the developed countries, science is being taught in the native language. However, the situation is not the same in other countries. This quasi-experimental study was designed to find the effect of communication using native language on student's learning of science subject at the elementary level. The sample of the study consisted of 50 Pushto speaking female students of Swabi KPK, Pakistan. The results of the study indicated that in the post-test, scores of the experimental and control groups were significantly different. The study concluded that in fostering student's science learning, teaching science through mother tongue is found effective at the elementary level as it enables students to communicate with teachers and other fellow students and enables them to discuss ideas, experiences, and problems faced during the learning process. It is suggested that this investigation should be repeated in other districts where pupils do not perform well in other science subjects.
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PIRBHAI, M. REZA. "DEMONS IN HINDUTVA: WRITING A THEOLOGY FOR HINDU NATIONALISM." Modern Intellectual History 5, no. 1 (April 2008): 27–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244307001527.
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This article explores the vast body of English language works on Hinduism published since 1981 by Voice of India—an influential right-wing Hindu publishing house headquartered in New Delhi, but contributed to by Indians at “home” and in diasporic communities, as well as Europeans and North Americans. Focus on the construction of the Hindu “Self” and the non-Hindu “Other” shows the manner in which European thought, primarily represented by the contributions of colonial-era British and German indologists, but bolstered by evangelicals, Utilitarians and Arabo-Islamicists from the same era, has become an important feature of postcolonial forms of Hinduism. In particular, the influence of fin de siècle German indologist Paul Deussen, mediated by such colonial-era Hindu thinkers as Swami Dayananda, Swami Vivekananda, Sri Aurobindo Ghose and Mahatma Gandhi, not only defines Voice of India's theology, but leads to the construction of a Hindu Self that is the personification of “Aryan godliness” and a non-Hindu Other that is essentialized as a “Semitic Demon.” Although closely associated with and often serving the political initiatives of the Sangh Parivar, the authors of this theology have been kept at arm's length by the organization for reasons of political expediency. Both the growing network of contributors to and consumers of this view, and its periodic use by the Sangh Parivar, insure that it represents a significant development in the ideology of Hindutva.
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Makaudze, Godwin, and Vusi Musa Magongo. "The dialectics of sport and history." Naming and Labelling Contexts of Cultural Importance in Africa 10, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 191–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijolc.00050.mak.
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Abstract This article explores the link between sport and history. It engages the linguistic landscaping and etymological analysis approaches to trace the origins of the names of stadia and their socio-historical significance. In-depth interviews and document analysis are used in the examination of five names of stadia: Somhlolo National Stadium, Mavuso Trade Centre Stadium, King Sobhuza II Memorial Stadium, Prince Wales Stadium, and Simunye Park Stadium. The findings show that the names of these stadia are a heritage, as past history and heroes are commemorated through them. Moreover, these self-given names, most of which are in the Swati indigenous language, make sense in the context of decoloniality theory. These observations have implications for further research as well as for onomastics.
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Rahman, Bakht, Salman Hamid, and Asma Gul. "The Impact of Stress on the Performance of University Students in the Light of Krashen’s Affective Filter Theory." Liberal Arts and Social Sciences International Journal (LASSIJ) 3, no. 2 (May 15, 2020): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.47264/idea.lassij/3.2.7.
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This paper investigates the impact of stress on the performance of students in the light of Krashen’s affective filter theory. Stress, according to Krashen, is responsible for high affective filter which in turn is responsible for low input and as a result, poor performance of the students in terms of language acquisition. Stress is, therefore, a key factor in affecting the academic performance of students at various levels. Students are often under pressure either on the part of their parents, colleagues or from their teachers to secure good grades. There are certain other variables too which contribute to the stress level of students and thereby affect their language acquisition. This quantitative study uses a questionnaire to collect data from 90 students of 1st semester in Women University Swabi. The background of the students was from social and applied sciences where the students study this as compulsory course. The results of the data show that stress has a definite negative impact on the performance of students. The study has important implications for educationists, academics, and policy makers.
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LABABIDI, ROLA. "Foreign Language Writing Anxiety: The Perceptions and Experiences of Freshmen Lebanese University Students." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 8, no. 3 (April 1, 2021): 483–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.84.9277.
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Writing is an essential skill for language production. However, many English as Foreign language learners (EFL) face many difficulties in writing. This study aims to shed light on the psychological aspect of writing; more specifically writing anxiety. Consequently, the main purpose of this exploratory mixed-method study is to explore and investigate the sources and manifestations of foreign language writing anxiety among Lebanese university students. The participants were Lebanese EFL university students (N=87). Data for this study was gathered from the use of the Second Language Writing anxiety scale(SLWAI), Sources of Writing Anxiety Inventory(SWAI), and semi-structured Focus group interviews (FG). Focus interviews with students were used to triangulate the derived data from the inventories. This study provides numerical data regarding the level of writing anxiety among students. The data from the FG interviews were transcribed and uploaded for thematic coding and further analysis. The results from this study shed light on the sources and manifestation of the writing anxiety among students. It also helps to disseminate several practical recommendations for the alleviation of writing anxiety among students. It is assumed that the findings will address the perceived psychological needs of Lebanese EFL learners and provide grounds for further research.
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Long, Prof Jeffery D. "THE UPANIṢADS: THE SACRED TEXTS WHICH SHAPED INDIA AND THE MODERN WEST." VESTIGIA INDICA: BSSS Journal of History & Archaeology 01, no. 01 (June 30, 2023): 236–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.51767/jha01012.
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The collection of Vedic texts known as the Upaniṣads have exerted a tremendous influence not only upon Indian intellectual and religious history, but upon the modern West as well, through the thought of enthusiasts such as Arthur Schopenhauer and Ralph Waldo Emerson and teachers from India such as Swami Vivekananda. This paper, based upon a book in progress by the author, traces in broad outline the reception of these texts through the centuries. Starting with a broad overview of the texts themselves, it then moves on to the great Vedāntic commentators–ācāryas like Śaṅkara and Rāmānuja–the translation of these texts into languages such as Persian, Latin, French, German, and English, and their reception by major thought leaders in the modern West.
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Awan, Fatima. "Socio-Psychological Impact of Infertility among Female A Case Study in District Swabi." CARC Research in Social Sciences 1, no. 1 (September 30, 2022): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.58329/criss.v1i1.6.
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This study is quantitative in nature, whereby, the data was collected through an interview schedule from a total of 150 respondents, under the purposive sampling technique. Primary sterility is chosen as the focus of this study because unlike secondary sterility, female with primary sterility have never experienced pregnancy and childbirth, their sterility is, therefore, more noticeable and severe. The Quantitative data was further analyzed through frequencies and percentages under the uni-variate analysis. Major objectives of the study were to seek the perception of female towards primary sterility; and to measure the association between involuntary Barrenness and its socio-psychological implications among female in study area. From the perception of sterile female, this study found out that beside the severe stigmatization on sterile female, Barrenness is a major influencing factor on marital stability, tense relations in the family, increased chances of husband’s remarriage, couple breakup and fear of no biological preservation in future. The study found a significant association of involuntary sterile female face many psychological problems like stress feeling alone in old age, short temper, using abusive language and sensitive. In addition to it, infertile female had a miserable life incase their husbands married another woman for having at least a child. They had also traditional and spiritual treatments before seeking proper allopathic treatment being costly most of the time. The sterile female was deprived of an heir of their property and hence they viewed children as a source of their socio-financial status enhancement. The study recommends that the pairs must visit the health practitioners jointly. The government and non-government organizations should take proper measures to create awareness among the masses that sterility is not a crime; rather this is something going beyond the competence of sterile female.
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Mishra, Prabhas, and Pratap Singh Rana. "Comparative Study of Swami Vivekananda’s Educational Philosophy and Modern Educational Systems." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 9, no. 7 (July 15, 2024): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2024.v09.n07.004.
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In this research paper, I have described the topic “Comparative Study of Swami Vivekananda’s Educational Philosophy and Modern Educational Systems” as comprehensively as possible. The comparative study between Swami Vivekananda’s educational philosophy and modern educational systems reveals both similarities and dissimilarities in their approach to holistic development and the objectives of education. Vivekananda’s vision underlines the holistic development of individuals, encompassing physical, mental, spiritual and social dimensions, with education serving as a tool to foster moral integrity, spiritual awakening and social responsibility. In contrast, modern educational systems primarily prioritise academic excellence and career-oriented outcomes, often ignoring the moral and spiritual aspects of education. However, there are significant similarities between Vivekananda’s philosophy and modern practices, particularly in the recognition of experiential learning, leadership development and social engagement. Both emphasise the importance of practical experiences, leadership qualities and community service in shaping well-rounded individuals capable of making positive contributions to society. Nevertheless, a notable disparity lies in the integration of spiritual and moral values, where Vivekananda's philosophy emphasizes their intrinsic importance, while modern systems may downplay their significance. Despite these differences, the study suggests that incorporating elements of Vivekananda's holistic approach into modern educational systems can enrich the educational experience, promoting a more balanced and comprehensive approach to learning that addresses the intellectual, moral and spiritual dimensions of human development. Abstract in Hindi Language: इस शोध प्रपत्र में, मैंने विषय "स्वामी विवेकानंद के शैक्षिक दर्शन और आधुनिक शिक्षा प्रणालियों का तुलनात्मक अध्ययन" का यथासभंव वर्णन किया है। स्वामी विवेकानन्द के शैक्षिक दर्शन और आधुनिक शैक्षिक प्रणालियों के बीच तुलनात्मक अध्ययन से समग्र विकास और शिक्षा के उद्देश्यों के प्रति उनके दृष्टिकोण में समानता और असमानता दोनों का पता चलता है। विवेकानन्द की दृष्टि शारीरिक, मानसिक, आध्यात्मिक और सामाजिक आयामों को शामिल करते हुए व्यक्तियों के समग्र विकास को रेखांकित करती है, जिसमें शिक्षा नैतिक अखंडता, आध्यात्मिक जागृति और सामाजिक जिम्मेदारी को बढ़ावा देने के लिए एक उपकरण के रूप में कार्य करती है। इसके विपरीत, आधुनिक शैक्षिक प्रणालियाँ मुख्य रूप से शैक्षणिक उत्कृष्टता और कैरियर-उन्मुख परिणामों को प्राथमिकता देती हैं, अक्सर शिक्षा के नैतिक और आध्यात्मिक पहलुओं की अनदेखी करती हैं। हालाँकि, विवेकानन्द के दर्शन और आधुनिक प्रथाओं के बीच महत्वपूर्ण समानताएँ हैं, विशेष रूप से अनुभवात्मक शिक्षा, नेतृत्व विकास और सामाजिक जुड़ाव की मान्यता में। दोनों समाज में सकारात्मक योगदान देने में सक्षम पूर्ण व्यक्तियों को आकार देने में व्यावहारिक अनुभवों, नेतृत्व गुणों और सामुदायिक सेवा के महत्व पर जोर देते हैं। फिर भी, एक उल्लेखनीय असमानता आध्यात्मिक और नैतिक मूल्यों के एकीकरण में निहित है, जहां विवेकानन्द का दर्शन उनके आंतरिक महत्व पर जोर देता है, जबकि आधुनिक प्रणालियाँ उनके महत्व को कम कर सकती हैं। इन मतभेदों के बावजूद, अध्ययन से पता चलता है कि आधुनिक शैक्षिक प्रणालियों में विवेकानंद के समग्र दृष्टिकोण के तत्वों को शामिल करने से शैक्षिक अनुभव समृद्ध हो सकता है, सीखने के लिए एक अधिक संतुलित और व्यापक दृष्टिकोण को बढ़ावा मिल सकता है जो मानव विकास के बौद्धिक, नैतिक और आध्यात्मिक आयामों को संबोधित करता है। Keywords: दृष्टिकोण, समानता, अखंडता, उत्कृष्टता, सकारात्मक, बौद्धिक, समृद्ध, आध्यात्मिक, संतुलित और असमानता
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Stroud, Scott R. "The Pluralistic Style and the Demands of Intercultural Rhetoric: Swami Vivekananda at the World’s Parliament of Religions." Journal for the History of Rhetoric 21, no. 3 (September 2018): 247–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jhistrhetoric.21.3.0247.
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ABSTRACT Intercultural contexts introduce unique sources of complexity into our theories of rhetoric and persuasion. This study examines one of the most successful cases of intercultural rhetoric concerning religion: the case of Swami Vivekananda, a Hindu monk from India who came to the United States in 1893 for the World’s Parliament of Religions. He arrived as an unknown monk, but he left America years later as the nationally known face of Hinduism. Facing a tense scene in 1893 that featured a plurality of religions and American organizers and audiences who judged Hinduism as inferior to Christianity, Vivekananda enacted a unique rhetoric of pluralism to assert the value of his form of Hinduism while simultaneously respecting other religions. This study extracts from Vivekananda’s popular performance at the parliament a pluralistic style of rhetorical advocacy, one that builds upon his unique reading of Hindu religious-philosophical traditions. This pluralistic style can be used to unravel some of the theoretical issues created by invitational rhetoric’s reading of persuasion as inherently violent to disagreeing others.
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Stroud, Scott R. "The Pluralistic Style and the Demands of Intercultural Rhetoric: Swami Vivekananda at the World’s Parliament of Religions." Advances in the History of Rhetoric 21, no. 3 (September 2, 2018): 247–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15362426.2018.1526545.
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Windosari F. Sitorus, Yenita Br Sembiring, and Theresia Dwi Siwi C. "DEVELOPING A SUPPLEMENTARY READING TEXT BASED ON KARO LOCAL CULTURE." Seminar Nasional Teknologi dan Multidisiplin Ilmu (SEMNASTEKMU) 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.51903/semnastekmu.v2i1.181.
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Reading is one of the 4 critical language talents regarding the potential to interpret the words that are expressed. This research relates to the development of locally based teaching materials culture. According to data presented by UNESCO in 2020 the State of Indonesia ranks second lowest in terms of Literacy. During the Covid-19 pandemic, Indonesia experienced a learning loss. The situation experienced increasingly makes students have no interest in reading. To overcome this problem, the researcher took action in order to foster students' interest in reading by developing reading texts based on Folklore. Method in the researcher is Descriptive Qualitative, results and discussion in accordance with field conditions. This research focuses on one of the people from Karo, namely the story of Lake Lau Kawar. The researcher took data from SMP Smart School Swari Class VII SMP. The conclusion of this study is that culture-based learning materials are appropriate for use based on design experts and material experts.
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Abhinandan, Netajee. "NATIONALISM: THE VIVEKANANDA WAY." SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES 9, no. 68 (October 31, 2021): 16132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21922/srjis.v9i68.10009.
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Nationalism is a contested concept. It is used both positively and negatively to either unite a people or whip up jingoistic passions among people. In the context of India, nationalism holds a different connotation that defies all western categorizations as India is not a nation in the traditional sense of the term; rather it is a ‘supranation’ consisting of multiple nations. Culture plays the most vital role in uniting people in India having diverse races, religions, languages, ethnicities and life-styles and gives them a sense of togetherness. It was Vivekananda, who during the early years of nationalistic resurgence, gave India’s quest for identity a definite direction by striving to revive the country’s age old traditional values and inclusive cultural ethos. His efforts immensely helped in drawing the attention of the western world towards the unique aspects of India’s cultural heritage. This paper would offer a politico-cultural view of Indian nationalism and specifically discuss Swami Vivekananda’s contributions to enrich it.
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Cantú, Keith Edward. "Tumuli Stones, Sacred Geography, and Meditation Halls for Mantra." Cracow Indological Studies 25, no. 2 (December 29, 2023): 37–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/cis.25.2023.02.02.
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This article examines how the patronage of tumuli, belief in sacred geography, the institution of meditation halls, and the practice of mantra at these halls converged in Tamil Nadu at the turn of the 19th century to facilitate a pan-sectarian Tamil “consensus” on yoga in the literature of Sri Sabhapati Swami (Capāpati Cuvāmikaḷ, b. 1828). The article begins by analyzing the phenomenon of tumuli (Tamil jīva-camāti) among Sabhapati’s gurus in the line of Kumara Devar (Kumāratēvar), as well as his own students. It then shows how such a phenomenon was intertwined with the mythology of Agastya and the Tamil Siddhas via Sabhapati’s other guru line. Consideration is also given to the role of mantra in these tumuli and their accompanying “Meditation Halls” (maṭālayams). The article concludes by claiming that intersections between tumuli sites, yoga, and mantra warrant more attention given their ability to attract emotional investment and financial patronage from various levels of society.
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Hayat, Fazal. "Factors affecting Students' English Speaking Skills at Secondary School Level." Qlantic Journal of Social Sciences 1, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.55737/qjss.884519208.
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'Factors Affecting Students' English-Speaking Skills at Secondary School Level' is the topic I've chosen for my research. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that influence students' English speaking skills at the secondary school level, to emphasise the importance of the direct method on oral reading fluency, to identify the problems that English teachers face at the secondary school level, and to provide a foundation for students to improve their English speaking skills. All of the teachers and students in the 48 government girl's high schools in the district of Swabi. The study sample consisted of 10 teachers and 100 students drawn at random from the whole population. One instructor and ten students were chosen at random. With the support of a supervisor and after a thorough review of pertinent literature, a close end questionnaire based on a Likert scale with 20 items for teachers and another questionnaire with 20 items for students was developed. We can deduce from the statistics that English is used as a medium of instruction by the majority of teachers. The students have the same reaction. Teachers rarely employ audiovisual resources to improve their students' speaking abilities. Teachers do not communicate with one another in English. In class, the majority of professors adopt an interactive style. For the most part, teachers instruct in their home tongue. All of the teachers believe that English is a useful language and that teaching English is not a burden. However, the institution does not provide English language training or activities.
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Sumanta Bhattacharya, Vinay Sahasrabuddhe, Arindam Mukherjee, and Bhavneet Kaur Sachdev. "An analytic interpretation on the importance of India's soft power in international cultural diplomacy over the centuries." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 12, no. 3 (December 30, 2021): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.12.3.0995.
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India’s Soft Power which is part of Smart Diplomacy or cultural diplomacy in India. India’s soft power diplomacy can be traced back to the time when Swami Vivekananda visited Chicago Parliament of Religion and spoke about Hinduism and India, which attracted many Indians and Foreigners who visited India and learnt about the Indian culture and the Sanskrit, his book on Raja Yoga influenced Western countries to practice Yoga who came to India and visited asharams, India’s main soft powers include spiritualism, yoga, Ayurveda, the world is shifting towards organic method of treatment which has its trace in India. There is culture exchange of arts, music, dance. Indian Diaspora and Young youth are the weapons for the spread of Indian culture across the globe, People are interested in Indian culture and epics of Ramayana and Mahabharat and studying on Kautliya. India literature and craft have received international recognition, countries abroad have included Sanskrit as part of their educational curriculum. India has also emerged has an export of herbs medicine to many foreign countries like Middle East, Europe, Africa etc. and this soft power of India will help in creating a massive influence across the world but before that Indian should have ample knowledge about their own history and culture and languages.
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Budiasa, I. Nengah. "NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA HINDU DALAM TEKS GAGURITAN TAMTAM." Jurnal Penelitian Agama Hindu 1, no. 2 (October 6, 2017): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/jpah.v1i2.256.
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<p><em>Text Gaguritan Tam Tam as one of the classic works of literature that is used as a tool or medium to convey a moral message and values of Hinduism to the people, especially young children that contains the message that was brought through the narrative/penokohannya so it will be further assessed</em><em>. Based on this background, the problems of this research are: 1) Tam Tam Gaguritan Text Structure, 2) Meanings and functions contained in Tam Tam Gaguritan Text, and (3) The values of Hindu religious education contained in Gaguritan Tam Tam. Specifically, the research carried out has a purpose according to the problem.</em></p><p><em>The theory used is the theory of Instructionalism by teew, Hermeneutika function theory by Sumaryono, and Value theory by Koentjaningrat. The data used are primary and secondary data. Methods Data collection used is literature study, interviews, and document recording techniques, data analyzed with descriptive qualitative literature.</em></p><p><em>Based on the research, the results obtained are as follows: 1) Tam Tam Gaguritan Text consists of various pupils with text structure including, language code, and literature, language style, figure, plot, setting, theme and message, 2) Gaguritan Tam Tam tale tells the heartwarming story of the atman incarnation, the disciple of the ancient Aji Saka (sacred) magician of Java who is a loving gentleman named Ginal (Goddess Adnya Swari) and Ginul (Tam Tam) is very clever in all the inner and outer sciences, told is the ultimate incarnation, where through the life of the twists and turns that eventually both united and became king and queen to teach dharma so that can be picked various values from narrative set/plot characterizing in ceritannya. The meanings contained in it are, the meaning of advice, the meaning of love and happiness, the meaning of hope, purpose and self-defense, the meaning of disappointment and anger, the meaning of resignation and abstinence, the meaning of anxiety and evil, the meaning of life goals, the meaning of admiration and gratitude, Its function is as a medium of education, means of entertainment and association (pesanthian), counselor of feeling (kundalini), and 3) Values contained in Tam Tam Geguritan Text: srad</em><em>dh</em><em>a value, ethical value in brahmacari, moral value (subha and asuha karma) And leadership value.</em><em></em></p>
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Pakhomov, Sergey. "The transformation of classical Tantra in the modern Neotantric movement (on the example of Russia)." St. Tikhons' University Review 110 (December 21, 2023): 81–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.15382/sturi2023110.81-102.
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The article reflects on the transformations that classical Tantra has undergone in the West and in Russia in the 20th – 21st centuries. The basis for the image of Tantra in the Western imagination was the model of «non-dual» Shaiva-Shakta Tantrism. The first serious interpretation and exegesis of Tantra was provided by J. Woodroffe (1865–1936). In parallel with him, the first popularizer of the new Tantra, P. Bernard (1875–1955), worked in the United States. He paid great attention to the themes of love, body and sexuality. But the soil for Neotantra was formed later, and the New Age and “sexual revolution” became its main ingredients. The first Neotantrist should be considered the Indian guru Osho Rajneesh (1931–1990). In Osho’s sermons, classical tantra was combined with Zen Buddhism, Taoism, Western psychotherapy, the teachings of Gurdjieff and Krishnamurti. Osho taught his students spontaneity, naturalness, totality, rebellion against the “slavery of the mind”. Many Neotantric teachers popular in Russia are students of Osho. The arrival of Swami Virato Nostradamus (1938–2013) in 1992 can be considered the beginning of the spread of Tantra in Russia. Among the well-known domestic Neotantric teachers are L. Teternikov, A. Lapin, P. Ostrikov, S. Slyusarev, A. Shelyakov, A. Lyubarsky, S. Knyazev and others. The article analyzes the views of Russian Neotantrists on human nature, their reflection on Tantra, attitude to yoga, religion, women, sexuality. In general, these views are dependent on Osho and his disciples. There are some similarities between Neotantra and classical Tantra (eg., syncretism, practicality, interest in the concept of energy, etc.), although the context of these traits should always be considered. There are more differences between them. In Neotantra we see: rejection of religiosity; declining value of mentoring; rejection of concepts important for classical Tantra (moksha, karma, samsara, etc.) or their remaking; emphasizing the importance of sexuality; absence of sacred texts and sacred language; psychologization. Neotantra is gradually becoming an increasingly organic part of the westernized global world.
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Wadhwaniya, Mayur. "UNVEILING INDIANNESS: EXPLORING HINDUISM THROUGH THE EYES OF POETS IN INDIAN LITERATURE." VIDYA - A JOURNAL OF GUJARAT UNIVERSITY 2, no. 2 (August 8, 2023): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.47413/vidya.v2i2.201.
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In shaping the Indian identity and Indian literature Hinduism has played a central role it has been a treasure trove of diverse cultural expressions. The perceptions and interpretations of Hinduism of Indian poets offer unique understanding into the complexities and fine points of Indianness. The present study aims to explore how poets in Indian literature have presented Hinduism, suppling a deep insight of the religion's influence on the Indian psyche. The present study delves into the exploration of "Indianness" in Indian literature by the lens of Hinduism's profusive influence. Indian literature topography reflects a unique amalgamation of languages, religions, traditions, and perspectives, contributing to the heterogenous cultural identity of the nation. The present study investigates the significant influence of Hinduism on poetry during focusing Bhakti Movement. It delves into the works of Bhakti saints i.e. Kabir, Mirabai, Surdas, and Tulsidas, whose verses revolutionized the depicted Hinduism by spotlighting a personal and emotional connection with the divine. The expressions of love, devotion, and spirituality by Bhakti poets resonate with the core values of Hinduism, jubilation the timeless essence of "Indianness" and the cultural values of India. Moreover, the present study analyses modern Indian poetry with its continued inspiration of Hindu themes. Modern Poets such as Swami Vivekananda, Rabindranath Tagore, and Kamala Das comprised Hindu philosophical concepts, deities, and rituals to explore the complexities of human emotions and spiritual truths. Their verses represented the enduring role of Hinduism in shaping the spiritual essence that weaves together modern India, which highlights the universal enchantment of Hindu spirituality and its contribution to the Indian literature. Eventually, the present study reveals Hinduism's influence on Indian literature which transcends time and space, reflection of interconnectedness of culture, spirituality, and the soul of the nation. The picture of "Indianness" in Indian literature applauds the rich cultural heritage, inclusivity, and pluralism of nation, and offering profound understanding into the enduring spiritual values that maintain to inspire generations of readers.
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Khan, Aamir Ali, Saadia Nawaz Durrani, Faiz Ur Rahman, Fazal Hussain, Yasir Hussain, and Sheikh Qais Falah. "Experience of Treatment of Iatrogenic Bile Duct Injuries Following Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Tertiary Care Hospitals of Khyber Pukhtunkhwa." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 944–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22166944.
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Objective: This research aims to learn how often iatrogenic bile duct injuries caused during laparoscopic cholecystectomy are treated and how well they heal after surgery. Study Design: A retrospective study Place and Duration: General Surgery Department of different hospitals of Khyber Pukhtunkhwa i.e Bacha Khan Medical Complex, Swabi, Peshawar Institute of Medical Sciences, Peshawar and Naseer Teaching Hospital, Peshawar for duration of two years from February 2020 to January 2022. Methods: In this research, 105 patients of both genders aged 18-68 years were enrolled. Included patients had iatrogenic bile duct injuries during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Age, sex, place of residence, and body mass index were among the specific demographics of the enrolled cases that were calculated after receiving informed written consent. Strasberg classification was used to classify bile duct injuries. The outcome of treatment in all cases was measured in terms of effectiveness, complications, mortality and need for repeated treatment. SPSS 23.0 was used to analyze all data. Results: Among 105 presented cases, there were 68 (64.8%) females and 37 (35.2%) males. The mean age of the patients was 55.2±6.30 years and mean BMI 23.8±4.19 kg/m2. 55 (52.4%) patients were from urban areas. Most common symptom was epigastric pain, followed by fever, chills and jaundice. We found that Strasberg A was the most common injury found in 56 (53.3%) cases, followed by Strasberg D in 17 (16.2%) cases and Strasberg C in 12 (11.4%) cases. In all 105 cases, the majority of the patients received endoscopy in 67 (63.8%) cases and surgical treatment in 38 (36.2%) cases. Complications were bile leakage from the incision site, abdominal pain and bile leakage from the drain. Frequency of mortality was 4 (3.8%). Conclusion: We concluded in this study that the iatrogenic bile duct injuries were effectively treated with endoscopy and surgical treatment by using Strasberg classification. There was higher effectiveness and the mortality rate was low. Keywords: Iatrogenic Bile Duct Injury, Endoscopy, LC, Surgical, Mortality, Complications
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Ullah, Rahman, Mashal Nazir, Farooq Khan, Muhammad Asim Fazal, Nazia Shahana, Asim Khan Yousafzai, and Kainat Nazir. "Comparative Evaluation of Bedside Index of Severity in Acute Pancreatitis Bisap) & Modified Computed Tomography Severity Index (MCTSI) in Assessing Severity of Acute Pancreatitis." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 5 (May 30, 2022): 1444–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221651444.
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Objective: To compare diagnostic accuracy of BISAP and MCTSI in predicting the severity of Acute pancreatitis. Study design: cross sectional study. Setting: Surgical department Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar and Bacha Khan Medical Complex, Swabi. Duration: 6 months Jan, 2021 to June, 2021 Material and Methods: In this study a total of 246 patients were observed. The demographic, clinical and laboratory data of all consecutive patients with a primary diagnosis of AP admitted/transferred to our ward were prospectively collected and then this data were retrospectively analyzed. The day of admission is defined as the first 24hr of hospitalization in our ward or in the referring hospital/ward. Contrast enhanced CT(CECT) and BISAP score were calculated after 72hrs in all patients and they were categorized into three severity grades of Acute pancreatitis based on Atlanta classification 2012 as discussed in operational definition. BISAP score greater than 4 and MCTSI score greater than 8 were considered severe acute pancreatitis. Results: In this study mean age was 45 years with SD ± 16.21. Forty three percent patients were male while 57% patients were female. MCTSI had sensitivity 89.83%, specificity 60%, Positive predictive value was 98.14%, Negative predictive value was 20% and the overall diagnostic accuracy was 88.61%. While BISAP had sensitivity 82.05%, specificity 70%, Positive predictive value was 98.49%, Negative predictive value was 14.89% and the overall diagnostic accuracy was 82.52%. Conclusion: Our study concludes that the diagnostic accuracy of MCTSI is better than BISAP score in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis. Keywords: MCTSI, BISAP score, severe acute pancreatitis.
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Mishra, Vivekanand. "Philosophical analysis of Nishkaam Karma in the context of Gita." RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary 7, no. 5 (May 16, 2022): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.31305/rrijm.2022.v07.i05.014.
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Karma Yoga is considered the best in Shrimad Bhagavad Gita. This yoga is more suitable for the householder and hardworking person. In fact, Karma Yoga is the only yoga through which we are able to connect with our soul. Karma Yoga awakens our self-knowledge. We can then foresee not only our present life objectives but our future course of action. In this yoga, God is attained through karma. Each of us is engaged in some work, but most of us waste most of our energies because we do not know the secret of karma. It is necessary to work for life, for society, for the country, for the world. Explaining the real meaning of Karma Yoga, Swami Vivekananda says, "Now you have seen what is the meaning of Karma Yoga. It means helping everyone even in the face of death without argument. Even if you are cheated millions of times, but do not take out a word from your mouth and do not even think about the good deeds you are doing. Do not be proud of the favor done to the poor and do not expect gratitude from him, but on the contrary, you are grateful to him thinking that he has given you an opportunity to give charity. inspire to. There is no other way to our salvation other than Nishkaam Karmayoga. Racial rise and fall can never be karmic neutral. That is why in the Gita it has been taught to act without the desire for fruit. Ever since India forgot the high ideal of Nishkaam Karma, since then the downfall of this country started, after turning the karma inward, just as the external good is done through it, in the same way the inner Mars is also processed. In the Bhagavad-gita, Lord Krishna preaching Nishkaam Karmayoga to Arjuna says, "One who does not worry about happiness-sadness, cold-heat, profit-loss, victory-lose, success-failure, life-death, past and future." He remains engrossed in his duty, that is the true selfless Karma Yogi.
Abstract in Hindi Language:
श्रीमद्भगवद्गीता में कर्मयोग को सर्वश्रेष्ठ माना गया है। गृहस्थ और कर्मठ व्यक्ति के लिए यह योग अधिक उपयुक्त है। वास्तव में कर्मयोग ही वह योग है जिसके माध्यम से हम अपनी जीवात्मा से जुड़ पाते हैं। कर्मयोग हमारे आत्मज्ञान को जागृत करता है। इसके बाद हम न केवल अपने वर्तमान जीवन के उद्देश्यों को बल्कि जीवन के बाद की अपनी गति का पूर्वाभास प्राप्त कर सकते हैं। इस योग में कर्म के द्वारा ईश्वर की प्राप्ति की जाती है। हममें से प्रत्येक किसी न किसी कार्य में लगा हुआ है, पर हममें से अधिकांश अपनी शक्तियों का अधिकतर भाग व्यर्थ खो देते हैं क्योंकि हम कर्म के रहस्य को नहीं जानते। जीवन के लिए, समाज के लिए, देश के लिए, विश्व के लिए कर्म करना आवश्यक है। कर्म योग का वास्तविक तात्पर्य समझाते हुए स्वामी विवेकानंद कहते हैं, ‘‘अब तुमने देखा, कर्मयोग का अर्थ क्या है। उसका अर्थ है मौत के मुंह में भी बिना तर्क-वितर्क के सब की सहायता करना। भले ही तुम लाखों बार ठगे जाओ, पर मुँह से एक बात तक न निकालोय और तुम जो कुछ भले कार्य कर रहे हो, उनके सम्बन्ध में सोचो तक नहीं। निर्धन के प्रति किये गये उपकार पर गर्व मत करो और न उससे कृतज्ञता की ही आशा रखो बल्कि उलटे तुम्हीं उसके कृतज्ञ होओ यह सोचकर कि उसने तुम्हें दान देने का एक अवसर दिया है।‘‘ गीता में कृष्ण बिना फल में आसक्ति किए हुए कर्म करने के लिए प्रेरित करते हैं। निष्काम कर्मयोगके सिवा हमारे उद्धार का और कोइ मार्ग नहीं है । जातीय उत्थान-पतन कभी कर्म निरपेक्ष नहीं हो सकता। इसलिए गीता में फल की इच्छा से रहित होकर कर्म करने की शिक्षा दी गयी है। भारत वर्ष जबसे निष्काम कर्मके उच्च आदर्श को भूल गया, तभी से इस देश की अधोगति प्रारम्भ हुई, कर्म को अन्तर्मुख कर लेने पर जैसे उसके द्वारा बाहरी मंगल -साधन होता है, उसी प्रकार भीतर का मंगल भी संसाधित होता है। भगवद्गीता में भगवान कृष्ण अर्जुन को निष्काम कर्मयोग का उपदेश देते हुए कहते हैं, ‘‘जो सुख-दुख, सर्दी-गर्मी, लाभ-हानि, जीत-हार, यश-अपयश, जीवन-मरण, भूत-भविष्य की चिन्ता न करके मात्र अपने कत्र्तव्य कर्म में लीन रहता है, वही सच्चा निष्काम कर्मयोगी है।
Keywords: श्री कृष्ण, गीता, निष्काम, कर्मफल, संसार, ब्रह्म
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Moyo, T. "Language use and gender positioning among the Swazi." Lwati: A Journal of Contemporary Research 3, no. 1 (August 22, 2007). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/lwati.v3i1.36805.
Full text
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Campbell, Sandy. "The Swazi People by R. Van der Wiel." Deakin Review of Children's Literature 3, no. 3 (January 23, 2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.20361/g2qp5z.
Full textAbstract:
Van der Wiel, Renée. The Swazi People. Gallo Manor, South Africa: Awareness Publishing Group, 2012. Print.South Africa describes itself as “one rainbow nation going forward”, but within that rainbow there are eleven indigenous South African peoples. The Swazi People is one of eleven volumes in the African Cultures of South Africa series, which presents the cultures for readers at the upper elementary level. The other volumes include the cultures of The Khoikhoi, The Ndebele, The North Sotho, The San, The South Sotho, The Tsonga-Shangaan, The Tswana, The Venda, The Xhosa, and The Zulu.In The Swazi People, Renée Van der Wiel describes their arts and crafts, beliefs, clothes, history, houses, language, leaders, marriage, music and dance, recipes, and way of life. The book incorporates many Swazi words, which are listed in the glossary at the back of the book. For example, mahiya (cotton cloth), gogo (grandmother) and lobola (marriage gift, usually cattle) are all listed in the glossary.This volume is attractively produced and brightly coloured. It opens with a full-page map of South Africa that shows the historical movements of the Swazi people and highlights their homelands. Text and images are presented on alternate pages. The professional quality images are usually full-page and are either historical black and white photos or modern colour photos of Swazi people engaged in traditional activities. There is also an index, which improves the book's usefulness as an elementary research text.The text is written in age-appropriate language and deals with the subjects in sufficient detail that as an adult, I was able to learn from it. In general, the tone is objective and non-judgemental. For example, "[i]n 1973, King Sobhuzall and the Imbokoduo National Movement stopped all other political parties from taking part in elections in Swaziland. (…) After only five years of being a democracy, Swaziland became a country ruled by a king." Where there is bias present, it is more in the form of presenting the Swazi point of view: "But the Boers did not care about looking after the Swazi people – all they wanted was to get through to the sea without having to travel through British territory.".This sturdily bound volume is an excellent work and is highly recommended for public and elementary school libraries. Highly recommended: 4 stars out of 4Reviewer: Sandy CampbellSandy is a Health Sciences Librarian at the University of Alberta, who has written hundreds of book reviews across many disciplines. Sandy thinks that sharing books with children is one of the greatest gifts anyone can give.
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Russell, Thembi. "Symbolic kraals: Subterranean food stores, hidden wealth and ethnographic errors." Journal of Social Archaeology, August 9, 2022, 146960532211174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14696053221117467.
Full textAbstract:
Iron Age studies in South Africa are dominated by Huffman’s (1982, 1986, 1993, 2001) ethnographically derived Central Cattle Pattern model, which identifies the cattle-based bridewealth institution of South Eastern Bantu-language speakers by the spatial distribution of specific archaeological features. The idea of the spatial expression ‘on the ground’ of a variety of symbolic codes was Adam Kuper’s (1980, 1982) interpretation of predominantly Swazi ethnography. Surprisingly, Kuper’s work has never been interrogated and consequently his misunderstanding of the ethnography was carried into the Central Cattle Pattern and interpretations of the last 1600 years of Iron Age, farmer archaeology in southern Africa. Two particular features, burials and subterranean grain storage pits, and their relationship to cattle-kraals are explored. Because cattle are central to the Central Cattle Pattern, much archaeological attention has been given to looking for evidence of cattle at archaeological sites, either by dung, bones or cattle-kraals. The paper presents the views of contemporary Swazi, Xhosa and Mfengu people that suggest the symbolic importance of cattle-kraals; in the extreme they may not reflect the presence of livestock at all, yet their persisting presence demonstrates the continuing importance of cattle, real or imagined.
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Matfunjwa, Muzi, Respect Mlambo, and Nomsa Skosana. "Nicknames among Swati clans: A socio-cultural analysis." Literator 45, no. 1 (February 29, 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v45i1.2020.
Full textAbstract:
Nicknames are common in African societies. In Swati families, the use of nicknames is widespread and almost every member of a family possesses one. The nicknames are given to people in addition to their personal names from a young age until adulthood. This paper aims to explore nicknames bestowed on people within Swati families. This study is qualitative and adopts a socio-onomastic approach. The researchers used participant observation to collect data to gain insight into how nicknames are bestowed on family members and to establish their meanings. A total of 51 nicknames were collected and analysed. It was established that nicknames are given based on the socio-cultural traits of the family and society. It was also ascertained that nicknames are derived from an individual’s character, physical appearance, prominent people’s names, remarkable events, and short forms of personal names. Some nicknames are meaningful while others are meaningless. They are used as informal identities within the family setting and in the community.Contribution: This study contributes to the body of knowledge in Siswati onomastics, specifically Swati nicknames. It reveals how nicknames are formed and bestowed on nickname bearers within clan or family settings. The study also reveals cultural nuances associated with nicknames given in Swati families.
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Mitra, Soumita, and Gyan Prakash. "Moving Beyond the Contemporary Approach of Higher Education: From Vivekananda’s Perspective." Logos : Revista de Lingüística, Literatura y Filosofía, December 31, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15443/rl3317.
Full textAbstract:
This article seeks to provide a deeper understanding of Swami Vivekananda’s contribution to the field of higher education. Swami Vivekananda, who was an Indian philosopher, propagated the concept of “Man making” by instilling the ideals of “spiritualism” and “natural learning”. Such ideals have gradually developed to be one of the essential prerequisites which the educational system should inculcate. He stressed the importance of a supporting agent in the form of a guide. The latter would direct and further provide a space to allow the natural growth of the child. These two pivotal aspects would contribute to the development of the child. Nonetheless, a balance between the two is also required to trigger a successful learning process. Hence, this work discusses how Vivekananda’s ideals would significantly contribute to solving some of the problems that affect contemporary pedagogies.
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Singh, Vinai Kumar. "Swami Nem Pal’s India Malcontent." Knowledgeable Research, September 30, 2022, 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.57067/pprt.2022.1.2.5.
Full textAbstract:
The long poem "India Malcontent" was written by Swami Nem Pal Singh, a powerful and insightful poet from Dist Bulandshahahr. It is a compilation of fragmented stanzas that offers a glimpse inside the poet's mind. The written lines are the words of a soul that is aware of both the inner and outward worlds. The author's creation is the outcome of wandering political musings. He may have aspirations to build a godly kingdom in our nation. This little volume's "Dedication" to the courageous and greatest of this nation shows Swami's unshakable devotion to India. The constant erosion of moral values in the society fixates the poet and he lashes at the moral turpitude rampant all over the breath and length of India. His poetry appears to spring from the depth of his heart, hence he tickles the heart of the readers. 'India Malcontent' betrayed poetic insights and high flight of imagination. 'India Malcontent' is Swami Nem Pal's tribute to the brave and best of this country. He has perhaps a dream of establishing a divine kingdom in our country. The paper is a modest attempt to analyse the various major feature of the maiden collection of the poet.
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Azim, Soneela, Sadia Nawab, and Naima Ali. "Relative Abundance, Distribution, and Diversity of Mosquitoes in District Peshawar, Charsadda, and Swabi." Asian Journal of Research in Zoology, February 4, 2023, 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajriz/2023/v6i1102.
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Aims: To date, there are 3601 named mosquito species recognized worldwide representing the diverse and medically important fly family Culicidae. In this study, after collection and identification of mosquitoes from the study area, their diversity, relative abundance (RA), and distribution (C) were evaluated for the prevention of mosquito-borne diseases.
Place and Duration of Study: Mosquitoes in their immature and adult stages were collected from their habitats in district Peshawar, Charsadda, and Swabi from September 2021 till April 2022.
Study Design: The immature samples were collected from various places such as pots, small water containers, bushy places under trees, and from the edges of some open drains. While the adult mosquitoes were collected during the same period by using the light trap and Pyrethrum spray methods for outdoor and indoor environment, respectively.
Methodology: 252 and 295 mosquitoes in their larval and pupal, and adult stages, respectively, were collected and brought to the laboratory for rearing and were observed on daily basis. All the adult specimens were preserved using silica gel in test tubes. The specimens were kept in entomological boxes after rearing and preservation for identification. Taxonomic identification of the adult mosquitoes was made using the key provided in the fauna of British India.
Results: The identification showed the presence of four species belonging to three genera: Culex quinquefasciatus; Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus; and Armigeres subalbatus. Culex quinquefasciatus was the most abundant specie found at all the study sites (C=100% and RA=44.24%), while Armigeres subalbatus was found to be an infrequent specie (C=25% and RA=20.66%). Several indices were also calculated to find out the diversity of the mosquitoes. The Shannon-Weiner index (H) for the month of April and December are 1.32 and 0.60, respectively, representing highest and lowest diversities among the study period.
Conclusion: The study found that Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti, and Aedes albopictus are the most prevalent species in the study area and their presence increases the risk of mosquito-borne diseases such as West Nile virus, Filariasis, and Japanese Encephalitis transmission in the area. The study suggests further research to examine the diversity of mosquitoes more thoroughly to design effective vector control strategies and predict the risk of future disease outbreaks.
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Barnard, Adi, Sebastiaan Rothmann, and Deon Meiring. "The cross-cultural application of the social axioms survey in The South African police service." SA Journal of Industrial Psychology 34, no. 2 (November 24, 2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v34i2.474.
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The objectives of this study were to investigate the replicability, construct equivalence, item bias and reliability of the Social Axioms Survey (SAS) in the South African Police Service (SAPS). A cross-sectional survey design was used. the participants consisted of applicants who had applied for jobs in the SAPS (n = 1535), and the SAS was administered to them. An exploratory factor analysis utilising target rotation applied to all 60 items of the SAS revealed four interpretable factors (Social Cynicism, reward for Application, Fate Control, and Spirituality/religiosity). Values of tucker’s phi higher than 0,90 were found for seven language groups (Zulu, Sotho, Tswana, Swati, Tsonga, Venda and Pedi). Analyses of variance found that item bias was not a major disturbance. Unacceptable alpha values were found for some of the scales of the SAS.
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Naicker, Suren. "Reflections on Decoloniality from a South African Indian Perspective: Conceptual Metaphors in Vivekananda’s Poem “My Play Is Done”." Education as Change 24 (December 23, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/1947-9417/7819.
Full textAbstract:
Swami Vivekananda was an influential Indian saint, poet, philosopher and political revolutionary. His work can be seen as a conduit for South African Hindus who are part of the Indian diaspora, allowing them to connect with their historical, cultural and spiritual roots in the religious and conceptual world of India. The first step to decolonising those who have been subjected to colonial hegemony is to (re)connect them with their intellectual and spiritual roots, and it is argued here that this is precisely the zeitgeist behind Vivekananda’s life and mission in general. His poetry is particularly valuable because he wrote in English, instead of his native Bengali, and was thereby able to reach English-speaking Hindus all over the world. In 1936 Indians in South Africa decided to adopt English as a lingua franca, both as a language of teaching and learning, and as a home language. This article focuses on one of these poems, “My Play Is Done”, which Vivekananda composed in 1895 in New York. The poem presents the human condition from a Hindu perspective, which differs substantially from the Western way of thinking. This article explores these concepts within the framework of conceptual metaphor theory. With reference to metaphors used in the poem, various aspects of Hindu philosophical thought will be explored, showing how Oriental conceptual reality differs from Western thought. This provides a link to an ancient precolonial way of thinking, accessible to diasporas around the world.
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Naicker, Suren. "On the neo-Vedanta as reconceptualised by Vivekananda in his Complete Works: A cognitive linguistic analysis in light of Conceptual Metaphor Theory." Literator 40, no. 1 (February 28, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/lit.v40i1.1528.
Full textAbstract:
This article investigates the use of metaphorical language in The Complete Works of Swami Vivekananda (henceforth CW). Vivekananda is one of the most important modern-day Hindu scholars because his interpretation of ancient Hindu scriptural lore has been very influential. Vivekananda’s influence was part of the motivation for choosing his CW as the empirical domain for the current study. AntConc software was used to mine Vivekananda’s CW for water-related terms, which seemed to have a predilection for metaphoricity. Which terms to search for specifically was determined after a manual reading of a sample from the CW. The data were then tagged using a convention inspired by the well-known Metaphor Identification Procedure – Vrije University (MIPVU). Then, a representative sample of the data was chosen, and the metaphors were mapped and analysed thematically. Five of these are referred to in this article, but special emphasis is placed on the theme of the Vedanta philosophy as the basis for neo-Hinduism, which has become synonymous with contemporary Hinduism, with Yoga as the practical wing, and Vedanta as the ideological basis for the practice; this aspect is expounded upon in more detail. The study’s main aim was therefore to investigate whether Hindu religious discourse uses metaphors to explain abstract religious concepts in a specific way, and indeed one of the main findings was the pervasiveness of water as a source domain. Hence, the key finding in this article is that neo-Hindu thought, as reconceptualised by Vivekananda, relies heavily on the water frame (as is convention in the field of Cognitive Semantics, conceptual domains are written in upper case, including hypothetical frames and conceptual metaphors), which is not as pervasive in other religio-philosophical traditions.
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Vishnu Priya S. "Review on Arogya Chandrika Athava Kudumba Vaidyan - A Literary Treasure of Ayurveda." International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research, October 10, 2022, 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.47070/ijapr.v10i9.2547.
Full textAbstract:
Kerala has made significant contribution to Ayurvedic literature. The traditional medical knowledge, gained from years of critical observations and clinical experiences has been documented by the great physicians. The medical literature of Kerala can be classified as, commentaries of the original texts as well as independent works based on these texts, compilation works by details of Oushada yogas and Kriyakramas from the Vaidyas. The text book of regional literature are rich source of information’s like formulations and treatment modalities based on geographical, climatic and cultural situations of various regions, based on their thoughts and lifestyle. The text Arogya chandrika athava kudumba vaidyan written by Sri Swami Sachidananda is an important work both from medical and poetic merits. The book was written in Malayalam language because it is specially meant for the native physicians of Kerala. It is a user– friendly text for the guidance of students and physicians. The uniqueness of the text is that it has mentioned simple and potential treatments for common diseases. The text is enriched with grammatical styles like Vritha. The text addresses the preventive as well as curative concept of Ayurvedic thoughts. Arogya chandrika athava kudumba vaidyan can be considered as an important contribution from Kerala’s regional literature to the Ayurveda community. The present paper is to critically analyze the subject matter of the text Arogya chandrika athava kudumba vaidyan. This will definitely enrich the literary data base of Ayurveda.
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Gupta, Mainak. "Representing Gandhi: A Study of Mahatma Gandhi as a Character in Selected Novels from Colonial and Post-Colonial Times." Rupkatha Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities 15, no. 3 (August 20, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.21659/rupkatha.v15n3.07.
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The 1930s saw the rise of Mahatma Gandhi as the frontline leader of India’s struggle against the British imperialists, and it was also a decade when the Indian novel in English came of age, with the publication of Mulk Raj Anand’s Untouchable, R.K. Narayan’s Swami and Friends and Raja Rao’s Kanthapura within a few years of each other. The English novel in India grew as a consequence of the English education introduced by the British, and it was used as a weapon against the imperialists by a bunch of young men who were primarily educated abroad, with an aim to use a universal language that addressed all Indians all over the world. Gandhi, unsurprisingly, became a great source of inspiration for these writers. Gandhi has been a subject of literature and other forms of art to this day, but the portrayal of the ‘Great-soul’ (as Tagore called Gandhi) has gone through a change since the pre-independence days. This essay analyses the change in the portrayal of Gandhi by close-reading four novels, Untouchable (1935) and Kanthapura (1938) from the colonised period, and Waiting for the Mahatma (1955) and Dhorai Charit Manas (1950) from the post-independence era. The essay shows how the portrayal of Gandhi and Gandhism went through a change in the novels from the colonial period to post-colonial times, as the reverence and deification of Gandhi that was so prevalent in the novels of the colonial time gave way to a more humane portrayal of the most influential leader of India’s freedom struggle.
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Rawat, Ramnarayan S. "Recovering the Dalit Public Sphere: Vernacular Liberalism in Late Colonial North India." Comparative Studies in Society and History, April 1, 2024, 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417524000021.
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Abstract Drawing from publications by Swami Achutanand and the Adi-Hindu Mahasabha press between 1916 and 1940, this article examines the role of this north Indian Dalit organization in creating language and categories of liberalism in the Hindi vernacular. The Mahasabha poet-activists published numerous song-booklets in a variety of Hindi song genres to intervene in ongoing discussions on the subjects of representation and equality which they characterized as mulki-haq and unch-niche. Histories of liberties in late colonial India have typically examined its emergence within dominant Hindu and Muslim middle-class groups. This article uncovers the unique contributions of Dalit poet-activists who recognized the value of liberal ideas and institutions in challenging caste and abolishing “Manu’s Kanun” (lawgiver Manu’s Hindu law codes). It highlights the methodological importance of mohalla (neighborhood) sources usually located in Dalit activists’ houses in untouchable quarters. The chapbooks found in mohalla collections have enabled the writing of a new history of the Mahasabha’s activism and of the initiatives taken by poet-activists in founding a new Dalit politics in northern India. I explore the emergence of a Dalit literate public which sustained the activities of the Mahasabha and which responded with enthusiasm to its articulation of the new social identity of Achut (untouched) and a new political identity of Adi-Hindus—original inhabitants of Hindustan (India). Offering a new methodological approach in using mohalla sources and song-booklets composed in praise of liberal institutions, this essay makes a significant contribution to the recovery of a forgotten Dalit public sphere in early twentieth-century India.
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-, Monika Abrol. "Multidisciplinary Approach: Impact on Multicultural Education of Learners." International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research 5, no. 2 (March 7, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2023.v05i02.1629.
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A holistic and multidisciplinary approach consisting of curriculum integration and attempts to connect different domains of study for explaining a subject, theme or issue. It is worth to mention about NEP 2020 that this policy is flexible in the sense that it integrates arts and sciences, curricular and co-curricular activities as well as vocational and academic streams. It further throws light on creative and multidisciplinary curriculum including humanities, arts, craft, music, drama, languages, culture, health and sports well-being, in addition to science and mathematics,. The concusion is drawn that this policy has true essence of Man- making Education from Swami Vivekananda philosophy, Integral Education of Sri Aurobindo’s ideology, and Basic Education of Mahatma Gandhi’s philosophy. The policy recognizes soft skills like integration, communication, adaptability, cooperation, leadership, accountability, empathy etc as ‘life skills’. The mastery and proficiency in a particular filed of knowledge as ‘hard skills’ are also necessary to attain growth in any student’s life. The combination of both the skills make a good balance between knowledge and interpersonal attributes. In this way, multi-disciplinary approach is helpful for students to develop academic expertise with vital leadership skills boosting their career. To address the issues of teaching and research and to produce competent leaders, NEP 2020 provides an insight for holistic and multidisciplinary education, the aim to which is to develop all abilities among pupils like physical, social, emotional and moral. NEP 2020 proposes an approach of holistic and multidisciplinary education of all undergraduate programs such as in professional, technical, as well as in vocational disciplines.