Academic literature on the topic 'Swedish Energy System'
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Journal articles on the topic "Swedish Energy System"
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Lindmark, Magnus, and Fredrik Olsson-Spjut. "The transformation of the organic energy system: the Swedish perspective." Historia Agraria. Revista de agricultura e historia rural, no. 77 (November 30, 2018): 59–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.26882/histagrar.077e03l.
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This article discusses the historical conversion of the Swedish organic energy system into a mineral one. The main argument is that there was a dynamic interaction between the two systems during the Swedish industrialization process. For one, growth of the mineral energy system contributed to open previously inaccessible organic resources in the forests of northern Sweden. Secondly, the development of the pulp and paper industry contributed to the switch from charcoal to coke in the iron manufacturing industry. Thirdly, the development of hydropower, itself an organic source of energy, further contributed to the emergence of a mixed energy system. One can therefore perceive the Swedish transition from an organic to a mineral energy system as a shift from a traditional organic energy system to an industrialized one, that is, an organic energy system dependent on the technologies and organizational structures of the mineral energy system in order to function.
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Tveten, Åsa Grytli, and Torjus Folsland Bolkesjø. "Energy system impacts of the Norwegian-Swedish TGC market." International Journal of Energy Sector Management 10, no. 1 (April 4, 2016): 69–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijesm-07-2014-0003.
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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to analyze the power market and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission effects of the joint Norwegian–Swedish tradable green certificates (TGCs) market, which is established to support investments according to a 26.4 TWh increased annual renewable electricity generation (REG) by 2020. Design/methodology/approach – The study applies an energy system model with high granularity in time and space, and detailed power system data for the Nordic countries, Germany, The Netherlands and UK. Findings – The results show that the TGC scheme will cause a 8.7-9.3 /MWh reduction in average electricity prices in the Nordic countries. The price decrease will to a limited extent pass through to Germany, The Netherlands and UK. When assuming a low carbon price level, the new REG will reduce annual GHG emissions by 10.9 Mtonnes in 2020, primarily through substitution of German natural gas power. A sensitivity analysis shows that the GHG emission effect of the TGCs is highly sensitive to changes in the carbon price. Investment levels up to a 90 TWh increased REG per year are found to cause increasing GHG emission reductions. Originality/value – The study results signal the importance of taking the TGC policy into account in decision-making processes in the Northern European power system, in particular for market actors in the Nordic area. The authors conclude that the Nordic countries potentially can play a vital role in a future Northern European low carbon power system through export of green balancing power, substitution of thermal power and reduced GHG emissions from the Northern European power sector.
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Hosseini, Seyed Mohsen, Alireza Aslani, Marja Naaranoja, and Hamed Hafeznia. "Analysis of Energy System in Sweden Based on Time series Forecasting and Regression Analysis." International Journal of Energy Optimization and Engineering 6, no. 3 (July 2017): 97–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeoe.2017070105.
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Sweden has had a long-term political commitment to renewable energy development up until the oil crisis of the early 1970s. Oil accounted for more than 75 percent of Swedish energy supplies in 1970. Today, the figure is around 20 percent. In this study, Swedish energy system and the trend of energy consumption are analyzed to forecast total energy consumption and energy consumption in the sectors, industrial and residential, for the next ten years, therefore, most effective factors influencing energy consumption are identified in each sector. The present paper gives the additive Holt-Winter method and regression analysis, and the model selection is based on the square root of the average squared error. The results show that energy use in Swedish energy system, especially in the residential sector, will decrease between 2014 and 2024.
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Lundgren, Marja Sofie. "Energy and architectural consequences of Swedish building code." Smart and Sustainable Built Environment 5, no. 2 (July 4, 2016): 125–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sasbe-08-2015-0021.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose building code changes that would benefit both architectural design and the potential of achieving nearly zero energy goals by analyzing the architectural implications of the energy system boundaries within the Swedish code. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis is driven by three questions that relate the national implementation of EU directive on nearly zero energy 2020 to the premises set out in the guidelines for revising the Swedish building code aiming at a performance-based regulation. A crucial part of the research is a comparative analysis of the design implications of the code to research findings in scientific articles on near-zero energy or low-energy design. Findings – The energy system boundaries in the Swedish code are steering the architectural design and energy consequences of offices towards using less heat but more electricity. The energy section is also limiting the architectural design choices by ignoring the positive energy aspects of daylight. A proposal of a new comprehensive energy section taking all architectural design related energy aspects into account is presented, in order to support design of nearly zero energy buildings. Practical implications – A building code that relates the energy system boundaries to form will help integrated design choices that are more likely to support the strive towards nearly zero energy buildings. Originality/value – The paper reveals the design implication of the Swedish energy section to be counterproductive regarding energy efficiency as well as limiting architectural design choices.
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Storesund, Jan, and Rikard Norling. "Verification of creep analyzes of a steam pipe system, Swedish Energy Agency." Impact 2018, no. 1 (March 20, 2018): 86–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2018.86.
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Zhang, Yang, Pietro Elia Campana, Anders Lundblad, Wandong Zheng, and Jinyue Yan. "Planning and operation of an integrated energy system in a Swedish building." Energy Conversion and Management 199 (November 2019): 111920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2019.111920.
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Shafique, Hamza, Lina Bertling Tjernberg, Dan-Eric Archer, and Samuel Wingstedt. "Behind the Meter Strategies: Energy management system with a Swedish case study." IEEE Electrification Magazine 9, no. 3 (September 2021): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mele.2021.3093638.
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Bulut, Mehmet Börühan, Monica Odlare, Peter Stigson, Fredrik Wallin, and Iana Vassileva. "Buildings in the future energy system – Perspectives of the Swedish energy and buildings sectors on current energy challenges." Energy and Buildings 107 (November 2015): 254–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.08.027.
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Kärrman, E., Å. Erlandsson, D. Hellström, B. Björlenius, and P. Tidåker. "Centralised or decentralised sanitation in Swedish summerhouse areas in transition to permanent living?" Water Science and Technology 56, no. 5 (September 1, 2007): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2007.568.
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The standard of wastewater management is high in Sweden. Around 90% of the population is connected to central wastewater treatment plants with high requirements of nutrients removal; however, still the problem with algae blooms in the Baltic Sea exists. The aim of the VeVa project was to develop a simple and user-friendly Excel-based model to support environmental decisions of how to select wastewater systems for housing areas where no central sewer system exists. The VeVa model deals with two types of environmental issues: substance flow analysis and energy analysis. Six system structures were studied for the transition area Lillängsdal in Värmdö municipality sorted in three categories: 1) on-site systems for single households; 2) local collective systems; 3) connection to central systems. All studied system structures, except for a Sand filter system, fulfilled the goals of reducing phosphorus and BOD7 according to Swedish guidelines for on-site systems in sensitive areas. All studied systems, except for the Sand filter system, have the potential to fulfil the Swedish National Environmental goal to recycle 60% phosphorus to productive land. The systems with central wastewater treatment plant and local wastewater treatment are the most energy efficient alternatives that also fulfil the requirements of discharges and environmental goals regarding phosphorus recycling.
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Fernqvist, Niklas, and Mats Lundqvist. "Entrepreneurial Sustainability Engagement of Insiders Initiating Energy System Transition." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (January 14, 2021): 734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020734.
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The central point in this article is that energy system transition can be initiated by a team of individuals interacting entrepreneurially beyond their different home-grounds in business, research, or regional development. Such entrepreneurial engagement of insiders with belongings to an established socio-technical system has not been captured in prevalent sustainability transitions or entrepreneurship perspectives. Insiders have mostly been expected to act within (and not outside) of their role expectations. This study investigates who individuals initiating energy transition are, what motives they have, and how they accomplish institutional change. The purpose is to qualify a perspective that can help us better appreciate how transitions, such as in energy systems, can be initiated. The new perspective recognizes the importance of insiders, their personal sustainability beliefs, their choice to teamwork entrepreneurially, and their narratives about the initiative affecting institutional change. It explains how transition in a heavily regulated Swedish energy system can occur. Implications are drawn for research, policy and entrepreneurial teamwork.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Swedish Energy System"
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Ramaswamy, Vivek. "Oskarshamn - A Smart Energy Island Assessment." Thesis, KTH, Energisystemanalys, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-182669.
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Mitigating climate change lies to a large part within the Energy System. In order to make it sustainable and efficient, policies have to be framed accordingly. This study focuses on formulation of policies based on future projections of the energy demand in Oskarshamn municipality of Sweden. Oskarshamn is a former industrial municipality, whose economic activity is in decline and it requires policies that accelerates its growth. It is also stereo-typical of much of Europe, as industrial activities are transferred elsewhere and regions are left to re-invent themselves. Questions such as “how to make the existing system more efficient” and “what is the best energy saving alternative”, have to be answered. For which, Long range Energy Alternatives Planning (LEAP) tool is used to create scenarios based on different pathways and to project the energy demand in the future. The business as usual scenario is compared with mitigation scenario considering various energy efficiency measures. The measures mainly focus on Demand Side Management and improving energy lifestyle interactions. Examples include the impact of electric vehicles (EV) in the transport sector and effects of better insulation in residential buildings, etc. Nuclear is currently the main source and would possibly be phased out in the horizon and thus creating a need for alternative and sustainable sources of energy. The renewable energy scenario focuses on proposals for mixing renewable fuels in the energy supply side. These are not without costs and opportunities which are discussed in the study. The outcomes work a clear delineation of Greenhouse gas mitigation options, which in collaboration with the municipality would form the basis for a policy action plan.
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Hsu, Edward Hsuan-Wei. "ELECTRIFICATION OF THE SWEDISH VEHICLE FLEET: CHARGING DEMAND AND THE POWER SYSTEM." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448286.
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With the transport sector switching to electric energy to reduce greenhouse gas emission, the supply and demand in the energy system are impacted by this transition. Meanwhile, there are not a lot of studies focus on the electrification of the vehicle fleet in Sweden. To fill up the knowledge gap, the paper aims to identify the total required electrical energy and power for the electrification of the vehicle fleet in Sweden. This includes switching passenger vehicles, light and heavy trucks, and buses to battery electric vehicles. An Electric Vehicle Power Demand Model is designed to answer the research question. It is a simplified model that can calculate energy consumption and power demand from an electric vehicle fleet. To simulate the charging schedule, four scenarios are created with differences in charge speed and the use of smart or unregulated charging. Based on the model, the electric vehicle fleet consumes 20.4 TWh of electricity per year, accounting for 14.7% of total demand in Sweden. Combing the vehicle fleet with other energy services, an average hourly peak load of 16.2 GW in summer and 24.3 in winter can be seen, while the available capacity in Sweden is around 27.1. The result indicates that the current Swedish energy system is capable of handling demand from charging the electric vehicle fleet in terms of power capacity for most times. However, undersupply may happen in some extreme condition during the winter due to higher consumption from other energy services. Furthermore, with the increasing share of renewable power in the system, the availability of these power plants can have a direct impact on the supply. This requires smart charging to shift the charging events to prevent peak hours, which can potentially decrease the peak loads up to 2 GW in EV charging demand during peak hours. However, the actual effect of it still requires more study. Lastly, the model created for the research can be used as a research or decision-making tool to estimate the impact of a group of electric vehicles in the future, therefore, contribute to the development of the sustainable energy transition.
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Trygg, Louise. "Swedish industrial and energy supply measures in a European system perspective." Doctoral thesis, Linköping : Linköping University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-7832.
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Åberg, Magnus. "System Effects of Improved Energy Efficiency in Swedish District-Heated Buildings." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-229477.
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To alleviate global warming, European-Union member states must reduce primary energy use, emit less carbon dioxide (CO2), and increase renewable energy use. Buildings constitute a great potential for energy savings, but saving energy in district-heated buildings influences combined heat and power (CHP) production, other electricity generation, and global CO2 emissions. This thesis investigates the system effects from Swedish district heating production caused by district heating demand changes due to energy conservation in buildings. The cost-optimising linear programming modelling tools MODEST and FMS, the latter developed in the context of this thesis, are used to describe present district heating production and to investigate the impact of heat-demand reductions in twelve Swedish district heating systems, four of them representing all Swedish district heating. Energy savings in district-heated, multi-family residential buildings yield a lower, more seasonally levelled district heating demand. These demand changes mainly reduce use of fossil-fuel and biomass for heat production. CHP production is significantly reduced if it supplies intermediate or peak district heating load. The αsystem value (ratio between generated CHP electricity and produced district heating) increases by demand reductions if CHP mainly supplies base district heating load. CO2 emissions due to district heat production depend on the approach used for CO2 assessment of electricity, and are generally reduced with heat demand reductions, unless the share of CHP production is large and the reduced fuel use yields smaller emission reductions than the emission increase from power production that replaces reduced CHP generation. In total, heat demand reductions reduce CO2 emissions due to Swedish district heating, and the district heating systems even constitute a carbon sink at certain energy conservation levels. If saved biomass replaces fossil fuels elsewhere, a lower heat demand reduces CO2 emissions for every studied district heating system.
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Skoglund, Martin, and Cecilia Mårtensson. "Solar landfills : A study of the concept in a Swedish setting." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Energisystem, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-109668.
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The increasing global energy demand, which today is mainly supplied by energy sources with a fossil origin, is a severe threat to the environment and to the security of supply. In order to handle these problems, renewable energy sources are promoted globally as well as nationally in Sweden. Solar photovoltaic (PV) technology is one of the most mature and commercial renewable energy technologies and could play a vital role in phasing out fossil energy sources. In the emerging, promising concept of solar landfills, PV systems are installed on closed landfill sites in order to combine renewable electricity production with resource efficient use of land. In this study the legal, technical and financial aspects concerning a solar landfill project in a Swedish setting were investigated. Additionally, the potential of the concept on a regional level in Sweden was analysed. The methodology used in the study featured literature research, interviews, and a feasibility assessment of a solar landfill project on Visby landfill. Regarding the legal aspects linked to a solar landfill project, an inconsistency between Swedish municipalities concerning the need of a building permit for a ground mounted PV system was revealed in the study. While some municipalities demand a building permit, others do not. Additionally, the fact that a closed landfill usually is classified as an environmentally hazardous activity doesn’t result in any need for additional permissions for a PV system installation on a closed landfill. Therefore, such legal aspects are not likely to hinder a solar landfill project to any great extent. Considering the technical aspects, the choice of mounting system must be done carefully because of the special conditions which exist on a landfill site; such as ground penetration restrictions and risks of settlement. While a ballasted mounting system can avoid ground penetration, a driven pile mounting system generally features a lighter construction. Furthermore, a fixed tilt mounting system is preferred over a sun tracking mounting system due to the extra weight and sensitivity to settlement which comes with the latter choice. Regarding the choice of PV modules, thin film modules generally feature a lower weight and can therefore be advantageous in comparison with crystalline silicon modules. In the case of Visby landfill, where penetration was preferred to be avoided but where the risk of settlement was considered low, the PV system which was deemed most suitable for the site featured a ballasted fixed tilt mounting system with crystalline silicon PV modules. Considering the financial aspects, the study emphasises the importance of using the produced electricity to offset consumed electricity in order to enable a sound investment. This can be done by a wise choice of owning and financing structure where the produced electricity offsets consumed electricity for a large consumer, e.g. an industry or a grocery store, or for a number of residences in a community solar. The economic feasibility also heavily depends on the projects’ possibility to use policy incentives and tax exemptions. The feasibility assessment of Visby landfill showed that the most economically feasible investment was possible by founding a community solar which offsets the members’ consumed electricity. Such an investment would feature a 10 year payback time and an internal rate of return of 8.3 %. Finally, the potential of the solar landfill concept on a regional level was identified as significant. In a scenario where the PV system suggested for Visby landfill in the feasibility assessment is installed on all the suitable landfill sites on Gotland, the island has the possibility to produce 22 GWh of electricity from solar landfills, thereby meeting the regional energy goal set for 2020.
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Zhang, Taoju. "Energy simulation for improved ventilation system in a collection of Swedish multi-family houses." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Energisystem, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-24282.
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Building sector takes a large part of Swedish domestic energy use. Swedish government had set goal that required energy consumption should decrease by 20% in year 2020 compared to 1995. Public house companies will play an important role in the process. The work studies a typical Swedish Multi-family dwelling, built in 1960s and belonging to Älvkarlebyhus AB. These buildings were given enhanced air tightness in recent years which yielded a good result. This work focuses on improving the old ventilation system and decreasing energy consumption. Building energy simulation tool IDA ICE was used to model the object building and to examine the effectiveness of the new system. The tested energy efficiency measures include upgraded ventilation system with heat exchanger, and the installation of demand control (DCV) to the ventilation. Both energy, environmental and economic aspects are considered in the study. The result showed the total energy demand decreased 35% with renovation. Total investment for all buildings correspond to 5 760 000 SEK. New system could save 237 872 SEK/year and payback time will be 24 years.
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Melin, Erik. "Depoliticising Energy : A Review of Energy Security in Swedish Policy-Making." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-353430.
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In order to cope with the changing climate, there will be a need for mitigating transformations of a scope, speed and magnitude that are unprecedented in human history, but the consensus- and market-driven approach is inhibiting this transformation. This thesis reviews how various discourses and debates on energy policy within Swedish governments have changed between 1974 and 2017, through the lenses of energy security and depoliticisation, and how a better understanding of these debates and discourses may inform the impending large-scale transformation required to meet the challenge of climate change. Some of the main findings are that (1) nuclear power and the result of the nuclear power referendum have been decisive for energy policy, and that nuclear power will remain of vital importance in the twenty-first century. (2) Energy has become increasingly depoliticised since the 1980s, ensuing the referendum on nuclear power. (3) The discourse on energy security has shifted towards market-based solutions: in the 2000s, climate change is to be mitigated through consumer- oriented solutions such as green certificates. Through privatisation, it essentially has become up to the consumer, deciding whether to participate in mitigation of climate change.
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Torri, Giulia. "Beyond GDP Growth: Scenarios for the Swedish energy demand and electricity supply system." Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-244981.
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The project was developed within the “Beyond GDP Growth: Scenarios for sustainable building and planning", a joint program developed by a consortium of Swedish research centers and managed at KTH. The aim of the program is to explore future scenarios that could allow Sweden to achieve both environmental and social goals by 2050. With this goal, ambitious targets were set and four backcasting scenarios that could allow for their fulfilment were defined. In this context, the thesis objective was to focus on the energy sector, that had not been previously studied in detail, and to create a model for the energy demand and for the electricity supply in the four scenarios. To accomplish that, the narratives of the four scenarios were deepened with a specific reference to some parameters affecting the energy model evolution, including the international political and institutional framework and the role of technology in the society. The current Swedish energy demand of electricity, heat and vehicle fuels was used as starting point; then, projections on the evolution of the same throughout the analysed period were made for each scenario, considering the different societal and industrial pathways deriving from the narratives and the energy policies that would be implemented. Additionally, the supply-side model was defined for the electricity system through the adaptation of the Swedish OSeMOSYS model (from OSEMBE model) to the specific scenarios. The obtained technology mix and average LCOEs appear to be significantly different; however, all the systems are fossil free and based on onshore wind, hydropower and waste incineration. In order to validate the results a sensitivity analysis was performed, evaluating the reaction of the four systems to external factors: the presence or not of a minimum imposed hydropower capacity and the increased cost of onshore wind (taking into account the related costs for ensuring the stability of the grid and the matching of demand and supply). For each case, the evolution trend of every scenario was analysed and the optimal technology mix was defined, allowing to identify the most competitive and favourable technologies to be installed.Projektet utvecklades inom ramen för "BNP-tillväxt: Scenarier för ett hållbart samhällsbyggande", ett gemensamt program som utvecklats av ett konsortium av svenska forskningscentra och förvaltas vid KTH. Syftet med programmet är att undersöka framtida scenarier som skulle möjliggöra för Sverige att uppnå både miljömässiga och sociala mål före 2050. Med detta mål fastställdes ambitiösa mål, och fyra backcasting-scenarier som kunde möjliggöra deras uppfyllande definierades. I detta sammanhang var uppsatsens mål att fokusera på energisektorn, som inte tidigare varit studerat i detalj och att skapa en modell för energibehovet och elförsörjningen i de fyra scenarierna. För att uppnå detta fördjupades de fyra scenarierna, med en specifik hänvisning till vissa parametrar som påverkar utvecklingen av energimodellen, inklusive den internationella politiska och institutionella ramen och rollen som teknik i samhället. Det nuvarande svenska energibehovet för el, värme och fordonsbränsle användes som utgångspunkt. Därefter genomfördes prognoser för utvecklingen av samma energibärare under hela den analyserade perioden för varje scenario, med tanke på de olika samhälls- och industrivägar som härrör från berättelserna och energipolitiken som skulle genomföras. Dessutom har modellens utbudssida definierats för elsystemet genom anpassning av den svenska OSeMOSYS-modellen (från OSEMBE-modellen) till de specifika scenarierna. Den erhållna teknikens mix och genomsnittliga LCOEs verkar vara betydligt olika; alla system är dock fossilfria och baserade på vindkraft, vattenkraft och avfallsförbränning. För att validera resultaten genomfördes en känslighetsanalys, där de fyra systemens reaktion på externa faktorer utvärderades; när- eller frånvaron av ett minimum av vattenkraftkapacitet och den ökade kostnaden för landvind (med hänsyn tagen till kostnaderna för att säkerställa nätets stabilitet och matchning av efterfrågan och utbudet). För varje fall analyserades utvecklingen av varje scenario och den optimala tekniken mixades, vilket möjliggör identifiering av de mest konkurrenskraftiga och gynnsamma teknologier som ska installeras.
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Lefvert, Adrian. "The Swedish energy system and the role of hydrogen : a modelling study of the energy and transport sector." Thesis, KTH, Energi och klimatstudier, ECS, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-226318.
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In light of the ongoing climate change dilemma, and the consequences that a failure to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions to a stable level will most likely induce, there is an overwhelming consensus among scientists and political leaders that actions are necessary to ensure that adaptation and mitigation options are secured. The European Union, as well as the Swedish government, agrees with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and the United Nations Conference of Parties that a reduction of the fossil fuel dependency is essential. In respect of this, the concept of a hydrogen economy has been around as a promising solution to the current challenges that the energy systems faces, e.g. an increasing amount of renewable intermittent capacity. This is calling for smart grids, demand side management and storage solutions. Hydrogen as an energy carrier can serve multiple purposes, as an energy storage for variable generation as well as a fuel for both the industry and the transport sector. Currently, there have been a few incentives to develop these so-called power-to-gas and power-to-power energy chains; however, progress is still slow. Before major investments can be seen in this technology, the potential will have to be evaluated thoroughly. In this thesis, the hydrogen potential costs and environmental benefits are assessed through energy modelling in the cost optimisation analytical tool OSeMOSYS (Open Source energy Modelling SYStem). Specifically, through scenario development, the potential use of hydrogen as fuel for passenger cars and buses has been analysed. The results show that although there is some potential for hydrogen use in fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), the transition will be expensive and slow. Yet, a large reduction of emissions due to the shift from fossil fuels in the transport sector still makes hydrogen a relevant energy carrier to consider for the future. Continued efforts to assess the potential synergies of interconnecting the different energy sectors are necessary to understand its full potential.I ljuset av de pågående klimatförändringarna, och de konsekvenser som fås av ett misslyckande att sänka utsläppen av växthusgaser till en rimlig nivå, råder idag övervägande konsensus bland både forskare och politiska ledare att omgående åtgärder är nödvändiga. Detta för att säkerställa alternativ för att begränsa utsläppen och anpassa systemet. Europeiska Unionen är tillsammans med den svenska regeringen i samtycke med den Internationella klimatpanelen (IPCC) och Förenta Nationerna (FN) om att en minskning av det fossila bränsleberoendet således är väsentlig. Med avseende på detta har begreppet vätgasekonomi vuxit fram som en lovande lösning på många av de nuvarande problemen som energisystemen möter, som t.ex. en växande andel intermittent elproduktion. Den förnyelsebara elen kräver nya idéer inom bland annat smarta elnät och alternativ för energilagring. Vätgas som energibärare kan där möta flera behov, från energilagring till bränsle för både industri- och transportsektorn. I nuläget finns det några få incitament för att utveckla dessa så kallade kraft-till-gas- och kraft-till-kraft-energikedjor men trots det så är framstegen små. Innan stora investeringar kan ses i dessa tekniker så behöver de utvärderas noga. I den här uppsatsen uppskattas vätgasens potentiella kostnad och möjliga miljönytta genom energimodellering i kostnadsoptimeringsprogrammet OSeMOSYS (Open Source energy MOdelling SYStem). Genom att jämföra olika scenarion så har särskilt den möjliga användningen av vätgas som bränsle för bilar och bussar analyserats. Resultaten visar att medan det finns en viss potential för användning av vätgas i bränslecellsfordon så är övergången från andra bränslen både kostsam och långsam. Stor minskning av utsläpp som följd av ett byte från fossila bränslen i transportsektorn gör dock fortfarande vätgas till en relevant energibärare att överväga för framtiden. Fortsatt arbete med att undersöka de tänkbara positiva effekterna som finns av att binda samman de olika energisektorerna behövs för att förstå vätgasens fulla potential.
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Tsakiris, Iakovos Marios. "Energy Policy and development of Renewable Energy Sources for Electricity: A comparative analysis of the Swedish and Greek cases." Thesis, KTH, Energi och klimatstudier, ECS, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-48544.
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Before electricity liberalization was implemented in the EU, national utilities controlled energy planningand technology choices and were basically the only ones with access to energy infrastructure finance.Liberalization came to change that. One of the goals of EU policies today is to create a level playing fieldfor power production based on new technologies and decentralized supply. However, institutional,structural and other barriers hinder further RES diffusion. Such barriers need to be alleviated to acceleratethe diffusion of RES technologies. This study analyses the Swedish and Greek experiences and actions inthe energy policy area between 2003 and 2008. I identify actions and evaluate their effects highlightingsimilarities and differences between the two cases, as well as remaining challenges. I find that EU policywas a decisive national policy driver in both cases. In Greece, feed-in-tariffs created a more secureinvestment environment and a more level playing field for producers and technologies. In Sweden, thegreen certificates served to promote RES but could not avoid market control by larger players. In bothcases, rent extraction mechanisms hindering competition were found along administrative and networkaccess barriers affecting mostly wind power. In Greece, adjustments are needed to further promote PVand better manage public funds and excess profits. Market liberalization is also necessary. In Sweden, thecertificates market expansion created a more competitive environment but some technologies still needmore support. At EU level, further harmonization of rules concerning unbundling and the setting ofbinding RES targets and infringement procedures should reduce national policy risks and contribute toreduce costs for new technologies. Plurality of markets and support schemes should be pursued in orderto create a large base of technologies while international markets for more mature technologies should beestablished. A more transparent process in achieving and revising targets at national levels should also beestablished while measures to avoid lock-ins should be pursued.
Book chapters on the topic "Swedish Energy System"
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Meili, Markus. "Sources, concentrations and characteristics of organic matter in softwater lakes and streams of the Swedish forest region." In Dissolved Organic Matter in Lacustrine Ecosystems: Energy Source and System Regulator, 23–41. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2474-4_2.
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Persson, Agneta, and Thor Henning Gulbrandsen. "Fan and Fan Systems — LCC in Swedish and Norwegian Industries." In Energy Efficiency in Motor Driven Systems, 211–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55475-9_30.
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Dalenbäck, J. O., and T. Jilar. "ECONOMICAL PROSPECTS FOR SWEDISH SOLAR SPACE HEATING SYSTEMS WITH SEASONAL STORAGE." In Energy Conservation in Buildings, 205–10. Elsevier, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-037215-0.50042-0.
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Holmgren, Kristina, and Michael Bartlett. "Waste incineration in swedish municipal energy systems – modelling the effects of various waste quantitites in the city of Linkoping." In Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems, 203–12. CRC Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b17383-27.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Swedish Energy System"
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Finnveden, Göran, and Jonas Åkerman. "Not Planning a Sustainable Transport System - Swedish Case Studies." In World Renewable Energy Congress – Sweden, 8–13 May, 2011, Linköping, Sweden. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp110573509.
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Jansen, Jaap C., Sander M. Lensink, and Adriaan J. van der Welle. "Expansion of the Swedish Elcert Certificates System to the Netherlands: A Cost-Benefit Analysis." In World Renewable Energy Congress – Sweden, 8–13 May, 2011, Linköping, Sweden. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp110572554.
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Widen, Joakim, Magnus Åberg, and Dag Henning. "Impacts of Large-Scale Solar and Wind Power Production on the Balance of the Swedish Power System." In World Renewable Energy Congress – Sweden, 8–13 May, 2011, Linköping, Sweden. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp11057851.
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Ekström, Clas, Adrin Cavani, Sven-Olov Ericson, Anna Hinderson, and Mats Westermark. "Technology and Cost Options for Capture and Disposal of Carbon Dioxide From Gas Turbines: A System Study for Swedish Conditions." In ASME 1998 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/98-gt-443.
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The current and predicted global massive dependency on fossil fuels calls for the exploration of new options to limit the future carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. One such option that has been studied within the IEA Greenhouse Gas Implementing Agreement, is the capture and disposal of CO2 from combustion gases. Such options for Sweden have been examined in a system study financed by NUTEK (The Swedish National Board for Industrial and Technical Development). Aquifers that should be suitable for disposal of CO2, exist in the South of Sweden - Denmark and in the Baltic Sea close to Lithuania. Based on commercially available technologies, CO2 can be captured from NGCC (natural gas combined cycle) and coal based IGCC (integrated gasification combined cycle) power plants. Most of the energy needed for the CO2 capture could then be recovered as district heating, thus maintaining the total energy efficiencies. At approximately 300 MW power production capacities, the heat quantities produced (55–85 MW heat) are likely to be suitable for a reasonable number of the Swedish district heating networks. CO2 neutral production and utilisation of methanol as an automative fuel for the transport sector integrated with production of electric power and district heat, could be achieved with biomass combined with natural gas or coal as a raw material. An amount of CO2 corresponding to the carbon in the fossil fuel then has to be captured and disposed. Examples of possible process concepts have been examined. The resulting estimated total costs for capture, transport and disposal of CO2, are in the same order of magnitude as the current Swedish carbon dioxide tax (365 SEK/ton CO2). Plant owners have to be credited for the captured and disposed CO2 in order to make this option economically justifiable and interesting for them. It will be important for the total economy to find favourable combinations of energy conversion, CO2 capture and recovery, transport and disposal. There is also a need to reduce todays uncertainties in the available basis for estimation of costs for large scale transport, injection and disposal of CO2 into aquifers.
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Bostro¨m, Cecilia, Erik Lejerskog, Simon Tyberg, Olle Svensson, Rafael Waters, Andrej Savin, Bjo¨rn Bolund, Mikael Eriksson, and Mats Leijon. "Experimental Results From an Offshore Wave Energy Converter." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57415.
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An offshore wave energy converter (WEC) was successfully launched at the Swedish west coast in the middle of March 2006. The WEC is based on a permanent magnet linear generator located on the ocean floor driven by a point absorber. A measuring station has been installed on a nearby island where all measurements and experiments on the WEC have been carried out. The output voltage from the generator fluctuates both in amplitude and frequency and must therefore be converted to enable grid connection. In order to study the voltage conversion, the measure station was fitted with a six pulse diode rectifier and a capacitive filter during the autumn of 2006. The object of this paper is to present a detailed description of the existing wave energy system of the Islandsberg project. Special attention will be given to the power absorption by the generator when it is connected to a non linear load.
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Skoglund, Mattias, Stefan O¨stlund, and Peter Bark. "Dual Mode Locomotives: Systems Study of New Freight Locomotives for Sweden." In IEEE/ASME/ASCE 2008 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2008-63057.
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A conceptual study for a Swedish dual-mode locomotive is presented. The primary energy sources are AC electricity from an overhead catenary system or a diesel-electric generator system. The study focuses on analysing how freight operations and locomotive utilisation can be improved and how it can affect environmental aspects of freight operations. Based on project experiences and operative demands, a system proposal has been presented. The rated power output is considerably higher in electric mode compared to diesel mode. The reason for this being higher power demand on electrified main lines compared to branch lines and yards lacking overhead catenary where the power need is lower. The starting tractive effort will however be the same regardless of electric mode or diesel mode, making it possible to haul the same train weight in both propulsion modes. The study has shown that dual-mode locomotives for Swedish freight operations are most interesting in order to improve operations, degree of utilisation and environmental performance.
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Tyrberg, Simon, Halvar Gravrakmo, and Mats Leijon. "Tracking a Wave Power Buoy Using a Network Camera: System Analysis and First Results." In ASME 2009 28th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2009-79121.
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An observation system has been set up on a small islet on the Swedish west coast. The purpose of the system is to monitor the wave buoys in The Lysekil Project. The project is an attempt to harvest wave energy using linear generators and point absorbing buoys. The observation system is self-sufficient and uses a network camera to follow the buoy motions. The first results from the camera, which has been operating since July 2008, have been analyzed to examine the motion tracking capabilities of the system. The motion tracking would work as a complement to the other measurements that are being done on the buoy. The method for extracting motion data from the two-dimensional pictures is presented. The results are graphs of translative buoy motion in two dimensions, and rotational motion about two different axes. The vertical buoy motion for the studied sequence is in the range of ±0.5 m.
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Guillot, E., M. Epstein, C. Wieckert, G. Olalde, A. Steinfeld, S. Sante´n, U. Frommherz, S. Kra¨upl, and T. Osinga. "Solar Carbothermic Production of Zinc From Zinc Oxide: Solzinc." In ASME 2005 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2005-76015.
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In late 2004, the pilot Solzinc solar reactor was commissioned. The European Union and the Swiss Federal Office of Science and Education are funding this project to demonstrate the technical feasibility and the economical potential of producing Zn by reducing zinc oxide with the aid of concentrated solar energy and a small amount of carbon at a close to industrial scale. The zinc can be used as a means to store solar energy in a chemical way, e.g. suited to release electricity in Zinc-air fuel cells. This allows on demand use, boosting the availability of solar energy. Furthermore, as the Zinc-air fuel cells’ waste is ZnO, we get a cyclic process by reducing this ZnO in the Solzinc solar reactor. Numerous lab tests and numerical studies of the chemical and thermal behavior of the solar carbothermic ZnO reduction process were conducted by the Swiss Paul Scherrer Institute, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, the Israeli Weizmann Institute and the French CNRS Processes, Materials and Solar Energy laboratory. An indirectly heated beam-down reactor concept was chosen and influencing parameters, such as the type of carbon, the stoichiometry of the ZnO-C mix and the process temperature were explored. Based on these findings the technology was scaled up for the pilot plant for about 0.25 MW solar input leading to a designed zinc production rate of 50kg/h. The Swedish company ScanArc Plasma Systems AB developed a special quench system to produce zinc dust directly from the gaseous zinc exhausted from the solar reactor. The dust’s characteristics were adapted to the requirements of the Zn-air fuel cells developed by the German company ZOXY Energy System AG. The resulting zinc can be easily stored and transported for generating electricity as needed. In 2004, the pilot reactor, the quench system and extensive instrumentation were installed at the Weizmann Institute’s solar facilities to process batches of up to 500 kg of ZnO-C mixture. After cold testing of the installation and fulfilling all safety requirements, the first batches were processed. This paper explores the results of the commissioning to show the technical feasibility of this process to produce zinc and to store solar energy.
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Guan, Tingting, and Per Alvfors. "The Economic Performance of an Integrated Biogas Plant and Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Combined Heat and Power System (PEMFC-CHP) in Sweden." In ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology collocated with the ASME 2014 8th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2014-6713.
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A Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Combined Heat and Power system (PEMFC-CHP) fuelled by the hydrogen-rich gas reformed from biogas may be seen as an efficient and sustainable technology. This system can provide electrical and thermal energy dynamically to residential applications. In this study, an assessment of the economic performance of an integrated biogas plant and PEMFC-CHP for Swedish electricity and heat prices is presented. The economic factors considered are the capital and operation & maintenance (O&M) costs of the biogas plant and the PEMFC-CHP, the price of heat and electricity, and the value of the digestate as fertilizer. The analysis includes two cases: 1) both biogas plant and PEMFC-CHP are located on the farm. The farm sells the electricity and heat to the power grid and district heating system, respectively; 2) the PEMFC-CHP is located in a centralized-biogas plant, not on the farm. The manure is transported from farms to the plant. The plant also sells the electricity and heat to the power grid and district heating system. The results show that the farm-based and the centralized biogas plant have almost the same biogas production cost. The electricity cost of today, expected for 2020, and for the break-even of this integrated system are 530, 305 and 197 €/MWh, respectively. With the current trend of the fuel cell industry development, this break-even price may be reached in the near future.
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Herrlander, Bo. "Novel Gas Cleaning With Integrated Energy Recovery." In 19th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec19-5415.
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High-energy recovery combined with low emissions to air and water was targeted when Jo¨nko¨ping Energi planned their new Waste to Energy plant at Torsvik in Sweden. The plant is compliant with the new EU Industry Directive and the Waste Frame Directive R-formula, which defines energy recovery levels for recycle of energy. In total about 160 000 tons of municipal (40%) and commercial waste (60%) is annually converted into usable energy. The average heat value is 11,7 MJ/kg. The energy produced is a combination of electricity (14 MWe) and heat (42–56 MWth, depending on electricity production). The heat is recovered both in a boiler and in a condenser. The flue gas condensing system is combined with a heat pump (10 MWth) to optimize the heat recovery rate. The plant is designed to fulfill the requirements set by the Swedish authorities, which are more stringent than the EU emission requirements. Some examples of the plant emissions to air guarantees: dust 5, HCl 5, SO2 20, HF1, Hg 0,03, Cd+Tl 0,05, other HM 0,5 all in mg/Nm3 and dioxin 0,05 ng/Nm3. The flue gas cleaning upstream of the condenser consists of a combination of a semi-dry system and a wet scrubber. The gas cleaning system operating range goes from 60 000 up to 127 000 Nm3/h depending on load and fuel heat value. The semi-dry system is carrying out the major part of the gas cleaning and is sufficient to comply with the air regulations. However, in order to minimize the treatment of the condensate from the condenser the wet scrubber is installed after the semi-dry system and upstream the condenser. The blow down from the scrubber is reused within the plant. Thus the polishing scrubber secures minimal treatment of the condensate to comply with the local stringent limits, particular chlorides, before release to the recipient lake Munksjo¨n. Emissions to water were 2010 nitrogen 1,7 mg/l, Cl <3,6 mg/l, As 0,66 μg/l, Cd <0,07 μg/l, Cr <6 μg/l, Cu 0,8 μg/l, Hg <0,4 μg/l, Ni <0,66 μg/l, Pb<1,2 μg/l, Tl<1,3 μg/l, Zn<7,2 μg/l and PCDD/PCDF 0,0088 ng/l. In the wet scrubber acid stage residual HCl and excess ammonia from the SNCR system are removed. The latter compound is important to capture in order to prevent eutrophication. The combination of a semidry and a wet system enables an optimization of the flue gas cleaning with regard to the different operating situations, taking into account seasonal demand variations as well as fuel alterations. The concept has demonstrated very low emissions combined with low consumption of lime. The possibility to optimize the flue gas cleaning performance is a prerequisite for minimal condensate treatment and optimal energy recovery. The paper will describe the system and the operating experiences.