Academic literature on the topic 'Swedish steel indusrty'

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Journal articles on the topic "Swedish steel indusrty"

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Sandberg, Hans, Rune Lagneborg, Birgitta Lindblad, Helen Axelsson, and Lars Bentell. "CO2 emissions of the Swedish steel industry." Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy 30, no. 6 (December 2001): 420–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0692.2001.300611.x.

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Toktarova, Alla, Ida Karlsson, Johan Rootzén, Lisa Göransson, Mikael Odenberger, and Filip Johnsson. "Pathways for Low-Carbon Transition of the Steel Industry—A Swedish Case Study." Energies 13, no. 15 (July 27, 2020): 3840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13153840.

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The concept of techno-economic pathways is used to investigate the potential implementation of CO2 abatement measures over time towards zero-emission steelmaking in Sweden. The following mitigation measures are investigated and combined in three pathways: top gas recycling blast furnace (TGRBF); carbon capture and storage (CCS); substitution of pulverized coal injection (PCI) with biomass; hydrogen direct reduction of iron ore (H-DR); and electric arc furnace (EAF), where fossil fuels are replaced with biomass. The results show that CCS in combination with biomass substitution in the blast furnace and a replacement primary steel production plant with EAF with biomass (Pathway 1) yield CO2 emission reductions of 83% in 2045 compared to CO2 emissions with current steel process configurations. Electrification of the primary steel production in terms of H-DR/EAF process (Pathway 2), could result in almost fossil-free steel production, and Sweden could achieve a 10% reduction in total CO2 emissions. Finally, (Pathway 3) we show that increased production of hot briquetted iron pellets (HBI), could lead to decarbonization of the steel industry outside Sweden, assuming that the exported HBI will be converted via EAF and the receiving country has a decarbonized power sector.
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Karlsson, Birgit. "Cartels and norms in the Swedish steel industry 1923–1953." Business History 58, no. 7 (March 23, 2016): 1077–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00076791.2016.1156086.

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Johansson, Maria T., and Mats Söderström. "Options for the Swedish steel industry – Energy efficiency measures and fuel conversion." Energy 36, no. 1 (January 2011): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2010.10.053.

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Kushnir, Duncan, Teis Hansen, Valentin Vogl, and Max Åhman. "Adopting hydrogen direct reduction for the Swedish steel industry: A technological innovation system (TIS) study." Journal of Cleaner Production 242 (January 2020): 118185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118185.

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Wang, Chuan, Pelle Mellin, Jonas Lövgren, Leif Nilsson, Weihong Yang, Hassan Salman, Anders Hultgren, and Mikael Larsson. "Biomass as blast furnace injectant – Considering availability, pretreatment and deployment in the Swedish steel industry." Energy Conversion and Management 102 (September 2015): 217–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2015.04.013.

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Johansson, Maria T. "Improved energy efficiency within the Swedish steel industry—the importance of energy management and networking." Energy Efficiency 8, no. 4 (November 30, 2014): 713–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12053-014-9317-z.

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Nwachukwu, Chinedu M., Andrea Toffolo, and Elisabeth Wetterlund. "Biomass-based gas use in Swedish iron and steel industry – Supply chain and process integration considerations." Renewable Energy 146 (February 2020): 2797–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.08.100.

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Alriksson, Stina, and Monika Filipsson. "Risk perception and worry in environmental decision-making – a case study within the Swedish steel industry." Journal of Risk Research 20, no. 9 (March 3, 2016): 1173–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2016.1153498.

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Barone, Stefano, Therese Doverholt, Anna Errore, and Alberto Lombardo. "Six Sigma in small- and medium-sized enterprises: a Black Belt project in the Swedish steel industry." International Journal of Six Sigma and Competitive Advantage 8, no. 2 (2014): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijssca.2014.064259.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Swedish steel indusrty"

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Haglund, Anna. "Carbon capture from reheating furnaces in the Swedish steel industry : evaluation of techno-economic feasibility." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Energivetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79987.

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The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions is important to keep climate change under control. One of the largest CO2 emitters of the Swedish industries is the steel industry. This is, among others, due to the need of heat treatments and reheating processes depending on high temperatures and fossil fuels. The business organisation Jernkontoret and their department for energy and furnace technique is working towards reducing the emissions for these processes and one area of research is the carboncapture and storage (CCS) techniques. This report aims to give an overview of existing and emerging CCS techniques applicable for the reheating and heat treating furnaces, along with evaluating one post-combustion carbon capture technique for different cases provided by some involved companies. The carbon capture technique investigated in this project can be divided into three main sections; Oxyfuel combustion, pre-combustion and post-combustion capture. Oxyfuel relies on the usage of pure oxygen instead of air for the combustion of the fuel, this gives a high CO2 concentration in the flue gas (80-98%). Concentrations below 95% require further purification before compression and transportation to storage. Using pre-combustion capture the CO2 is removed before the combustion, this can be done by reformingthe used fossil fuel to a syngas (a gas with a high H2 and CO concentrations). The CO2 is formed by passing the syngas through a water-gas shift, which also increases the H2 concentration further. The CO2 can then be removed relying on reversible chemical reactions or the affinity between the CO2 and an absorbent. The post-combustion carbon capture also relies on reversible chemical reactions or affinity to an absorption medium, usually an amine solvent. The bond is then broken in the desorption unit, creating a pure CO2 stream and a reusable absorbent. The case studies were done only for a post-combustion capture process with a MEA-water solvent (20%) as the absorption medium. The simulation program Aspen Plus was used both for the technicaland economical values, executed by the PhD student Nan Wang at LTU. The values were interpolated/extrapolated nonlinear for each given case. Six different cases were given by four companies, four conventional furnaces and two oxyfuel furnaces. Evaluations for the oxyfuel furnaces were excluded, due to big differences between the model and case values and since the technique evaluated is not implementedat oxyfuel plants. The evaluations done for the conventional furnace cases gave a total cost of between 86 - 126 $/tonne captured CO2. This has to be viewed as a high cost investment even without having a full economic evaluation regarding cost for transportation and storage included.
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Edlund, Johanna, and Per Hellström. "The future of maintenance work at a Swedish steel producer : Effective and Attractive workplaces through Industry 4.0." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-75245.

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Industry 4.0 is being investigated all around the world and it brings an entire arsenal of new tech-nology. It is during major technological changes where we have the chance to change old pat-terns. It is through knowledge of the future and discussion that SSAB and IF Metall will be able to steer the technological changes into the desired direction; A direction which promotes economic and environmental sustainability as well as creating an attractive workplace.There were three objectives with this project. The first objective was to map the current state of maintenance work at SSAB. The second was to develop a future vision within the concept Indus-try 4.0, which promotes attractive workplaces. The last objective was to evaluate the method used to develop the vision. The mapping of the current state of maintenance at SSAB is based on interviews and obser-vations. We decided to delimitate us to shift maintenance. The reason to focus on the shift main-tenance unit of SSAB was that because contain many competences and work all over the pro-duction area. The result of the mapping is that the work is characterized by variating tasks, personal development and pride. It is also male-dominated and characterized by old traditions, tough jargon and macho culture. In general, we conclude that it is an attractive workplace for those who belong to the current homogeneous group.The future vision was developed using personas and workshops. Three personas were created to represent the target group. They were used as a basis of discussion for us and for the participants in the three workshops. The goal of the workshops was to generate a high quantity of futuristic and abstract ideas. The ideas were then combined with theories regarding Industry 4.0 and at-tractive workplaces to form a future vision. To create attractive work content, the future vision focused on placing the worker in the centre of decision-making as a problem solver. This was ac-complished by using new technology to provide information to the worker so he or she can make an informed decision: a digital assistant. To enhance the learning capability of workers the vision contained a VR world where the worker can practise different scenarios. The VR can also be used for marketing to attract people from outside the company. The futuristic vision also presented crowdsourcing of experts and tutors to improve the troubleshooting process and shorten the learning period. If an error is too complicated, the worker has the opportunity to connect to an expert using AR to get their guidance. At the beginning of an employment, every worker is enti-tled to a tutor who will assist you on your missions. To make the workplace more attractive and to change the old picture of the steel industry the vision presented three improvement areas. Firstly, clean & bright facilities which will attract a wider range of people. Secondly, centralised office where employees can meet, work and network. Thirdly, new working roles focusing on troubleshooting and sustainable solutions.Our recommendation is to explore the other maintenance divisions at SSAB and other industries to see if maintenance of acute problems can be centralised over the borders of industries. We also recommend future projects to use participation of managers and workers throughout the implementation process to create higher acceptance and understanding, but also to reduce fear, resistance and promote ownership to the change process.
Industri 4.0 undersöks just nu över hela världen och det medför en hel arsenal av ny teknik. Det är under stora teknologiska förändringar som vi har möjligheten att ändra gamla mönster. SSAB har, genom det här projektet, aktivt valt att skapa ett diskussionsunderlag om framtidens underhållsarbete på SSAB. Det är genom kunskap om framtid och diskussion som SSAB och IF Metall kommer kunna styra den teknologiska utvecklingen i rätt riktning. En riktning som främjar hållbarhet ur både klimat och ekonomisk synvinkel, såväl som skapar en attraktiv arbetsplats. Projektet bestod av tre mål. Det första målet var att kartlägga nuläget för underhållsarbetet på SSAB. Det andra målet var att utveckla en framtidsvision inom ramarna för konceptet Industri 4.0, en framtidsvision som främjar attraktiva arbetsplatser. Det tredje och sista målet var att utvärdera den metod som används för att utveckla framtidsvisionen. Kartläggningen av nulägesbeskrivningen på SSAB är baserad på intervjuer och observationer. Vi beslöt oss för att avgränsa oss till skiftunderhåll då de besitter många kompetenser samt arbetar över hela stålverket. Resultatet från nulägesbeskrivningen visade att arbetet karaktäriseras av varierande arbetsuppgifter, personlig utveckling och yrkesstolthet. Skiftunderhåll är mansdominerat och kännetecknas av gamla traditioner, tuff jargong samt macho-kultur. Vår slutsats är därför att arbetsplatsen generellt kan ses som attraktiv till de människor som tillhör den nuvarande homogena gruppen.Framtidsvisionen utvecklades med hjälp av personas och workshops. Tre personas skapades för att representera målgruppen. Syftet var att använda dem som diskussionsunderlag både för oss men även för deltagarna i de tre workshops som genomfördes under projektet. Målet med workshopsen var att generera en hög kvantitet av futuristiska och abstrakta idéer. Idéerna kombinerade därefter med teori kring Industri 4.0 och attraktiva arbetsplatser för att till slut forma framtidsvisionen. För att skapa ett attraktivt arbetsinnehåll fokuserar framtidsvisionen på att placera arbetaren i centrum av beslutsfattandet som en problemlösare. Det uppnåddes genom att använda ny teknologi för att förse arbetaren med information så att hen kan fatta ett välgrundat beslut: en digital assistent. För att effektivisera arbetarens inlärningsförmåga innehåller visionen en VR värld där arbetaren kan öva i olika scenarion. VR världen kan också användas i marknadsföringssyfte för att attrahera personer utanför företaget. Den futuristiska visionen presenterar även crowdsourcing av experter och handledare för att förbättra felsökningsprocessen samt förkorta inlärningsperioden. Arbetaren har möjlighet att, om ett uppstått fel är för komplicerat, ringa upp en expert och få deras vägledning genom AR glasögon. I början av en anställning har varje arbetare tillgång till en handledare som kan bistå med assistans under uppdragen. För att göra arbetsplatsen mer attraktiv och för att ändra den gamla bilden av stålindustrin presenterar visionen tre förbättringsområden. Det första området är rena och ljusa faciliteter som kommer attrahera ett bredare utbud av människor. Det andra området är centraliserat kontor där de anställda kan träffas, arbeta och umgås. Det tredje området är nya arbetsroller som fokuserar på felsökning och hållbara lösningar.Vår rekommendation är att utforska de andra underhållsavdelningarna på SSAB och även underhållsarbete i andra industrier. Syftet är att se om underhåll för akuta problem kan bli centraliserade över industrigränser. Vi rekommenderar också framtida projekt att använda deltagande av chefer och arbetstagare under hela processen för att skapa högre acceptans och förståelse för förändringen. Deltagande är också viktigt för att minska rädsla, motstånd och främja känslan av ägande gentemot förändringen.
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Randle, Hanne. "Staying alive! : The restructuring process in two Swedish steel and metal companies." Doctoral thesis, Karlstad : Faculty of Economic Sciences, Communication and IT, Working Life Science, Karlstads universitet, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-3225.

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Danarp, Martin, and Anas Ramish. "Sustainability reports - Legitimizing negative aspects : A qualitative study on the Swedish steel industry." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-160729.

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Problem: Legitimacy is a resource that organizations depend on for their survival. According to legitimacy theory companies need to make sure that they are recognized as operating within the bounds and norms of society and sustainability reports is a way for companies to communicate this. Due to an addition to the Swedish annual accounting law in 2016, large companies are required to produce a sustainability report and to report the consequences that the company operations has on the environment, social conditions, employees, respect for human rights and counteracting corruption. Because companies are required to disclose these negative aspects, they need to do it strategically to not damage their legitimacy. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand how Swedish companies in the steel industry legitimize negative aspects of their operations in sustainability reports and to understand if there is a pattern between the type of negative aspect disclosed and the type of legitimation strategy used. Method: To achieve the purpose of our study, a qualitative method has been used. A multiple case-study with a document analysis has been conducted on the sustainability reports of Sandvik, SSAB, Boliden, LKAB and Outokumpu for year 2018. To conduct this study, legitimacy theory and Hahn & Lülfs (2014) legitimation strategies have been essential to fulfill the purpose. Results: Swedish companies in the steel industry use Hahn & Lülfs (2014) legitimation strategies and our new identified legitimation strategy, balancing, to legitimize negative aspects in their sustainability reports. We found four clear patterns between the type of negative aspect reported and the strategy used to legitimize the aspect. Conclusion: Our findings confirm that Hahn & Lülfs (2014) strategies to explain how companies legitimize negative aspects in sustainability reports are also applicable to the Swedish steel industry. The contribution to previous research on this topic is the new additional strategy that is used by the analyzed companies.
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Nilsson, David, and Ted Olandersson. "Designing Traceability - The Effects On Production Personnel : A Case Study of a Swedish Steel Manufacturer." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-44383.

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This study sets out to investigate the connection between digitally achieved traceability and the production personnel's view of traceability. The results presents a number of factors to consider when designing traceability solutions in a manufacturing setting. The study was conducted in a qualitative manner, with the main data collection done through interviews. The results show that the production worker's stand point towards traceability is based on three factors: performance measurement, surveillance, and increased workload. Each of these factors should be taken in to consideration when designing traceability solutions. These factors, and suggestions for how to work with them, is put into the context of a steel manufacturer that is in the process of implementing traceability in their production process.
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Jogdand, Surbhi Shivaji. "Some Study related to Refractory Waste Management in Sweden : A move towards a greener and sustainable Swedish steel industry." Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-286836.

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Decades  ago,  1  ton  of  steel  required  80  kg  of  refractory  material.  While  the  scenario  has completely changed over the years. Today, 1 ton of steel needs approximately 11 kg of refractory material   depending   on   the   steelworks.   Refractories   are   accustomed   to   high-temperature processes,  for  example,  producing  steel,  glass,  etc.  The amount of  spent  refractories has  also increased  with the increase in demand for its production. For the manufacturing of refractories, there is a tremendous use of virgin raw materials but with the increase in price and reducing raw material   sources,   it  will   be  difficult  to   continue  in  that   way  in  the  future.  While,  the environmental  concerns  in  steel  industries  are  increasing  on  a  rapid  scale  such  as  global environmental pollution, natural  resource conservation, and the most important increase in cost for  landfilling.  Therefore,  achieving  zero  waste  and  proper  usage  of  material  from  spent refractories is necessary for economic and environmental reasons in future. This project work focuses on collecting information regarding the refractory waste management for  aid  towards   more   sustainable  Swedish  steel  industries.  The  project  is  carried  out  in collaboration  with  KTH  Royal  Institute  of  Technology  and  the  Swedish  steel  producers association  Jernkontoret.  This  work  focuses  on  a   survey   of  well-known  Swedish  steel companies Sandvik Materials Technology (SMT) AB and Höganäs AB. The scientific work concentrates on the investigation of MgO-C bricks mixed waste, collected from Mireco AB, up to a grain size of 20 mm. Three samples of varying compositions and different grain sizes were collected  from  the  recycling  site  and  processed  for  carbon  reduction.  On  several  trails,  the maximum  carbon  elimination  was  achieved at a  temperature higher than  800°C with holding time longer than 5h. The fines underwent mechanical pressing of 40 MPa to form pellets of 16 mm and 32 mm in diameter. The main traced elements of MgO, SiO2, CaO, Al2O3  and Fe2O3  can be utilized for applications in the agricultural industry. MgO is present in the maximum quantity (70-80%).  By  possible  extraction  of  MgO  from  the  fines  can  be  employed  in  the  crucible industry,  construction industry  and steel  industry for slag  formation. The MgO  in the form of supplements for magnesium deficient soils or calcium magnesium oxide for neutralizing the pH of  the  soil  by  balancing  the  acidity  can  be  employed.  The  compatibility of the  fines can be helpful  to  resolve  transportation  issues and benefit  convenient addition to processes. Overall, this  work  brings  to  the  fore  a  high  potential  for  using  such  waste  refractory  materials  forapplications besides landfilling with an emphasis on agriculture.
För decennier sedan krävde 1 ton stål 80 kg eldfast material. Medan scenariot har förändrats helt genom åren. Idag behöver 1 ton stål cirka 11 kg eldfast material beroende på stålverk. Eldfasta produkter är vana vid högtemperaturprocesser, till exempel produktion av stål, glas etc. Mängden förbrukade  eldfasta  produkter  har  också  ökat  med  ökad  efterfrågan  på  dess  produktion.  För tillverkning av eldfasta produkter finns det en enorm användning av jungfruliga råvaror men med prisökningen  och  minskade  råvarukällor  blir  det  svårt  att  fortsätta  på  det  sättet  i  framtiden. Medan  miljöproblemen  inom  stålindustrin  ökar  i  snabb  skala,  såsom  global  miljöförorening, bevarande av naturresurser och den viktigaste ökningen av kostnaderna för deponering. Därför är det  nödvändigt  att  i  framtiden  uppnå  noll  slöseri  och  korrekt  användning  av  material  från förbrukade eldfasta anläggningar av ekonomiska och miljömässiga skäl. Detta projektarbete fokuserar på att samla in information om eldfast avfallshantering för stöd till mer  hållbar  svensk  stålindustri.  Projektet  genomförs i samarbete  med KTH Royal  Institute of Technology och den svenska stålproducentföreningen Jernkontoret. Detta arbete fokuserar på en undersökning  av  välkända  svenska  stålföretag  Sandvik  Materials  Technology (SMT) AB  och Höganäs AB. Det vetenskapliga arbetet koncentrerar sig på undersökningen av blandat avfall av MgO-C-tegel,  samlat  från Mireco  AB, upp till en kornstorlek på 20 mm. Tre prover med olika kompositioner  och  olika  kornstorlekar  samlades  från  återvinningsstället  och  bearbetades  för kolreduktion. På flera stigar uppnåddes den maximala kolelimineringen vid en temperatur högre än 800 ° C  med en hålltid  längre än 5 timmar.  Böterna  genomgick mekanisk  pressning av 40 MPa  för att bilda pellets med 16 mm och 32 mm i diameter. De viktigaste spårade elementen i MgO,  SiO2,  CaO,  Al2O3 och Fe2O3  kan användas för applikationer inom jordbruksindustrin. MgO finns i den maximala kvantiteten (70-80%). Genom möjlig utvinning av MgO från böterna kan användas i degelindustrin, byggindustrin och stålindustrin för slaggbildning. MgO i form av tillskott  för  magnesiumbristjord  eller kalciummagnesiumoxid för neutralisering av jordens pH genom balansering  av surheten  kan användas. Böternas kompatibilitet kan vara till hjälp för att lösa transportproblem och gynna praktiska tillägg till processer. Sammantaget ger detta arbete en hög   potential   för   att   använda   sådana   eldfasta   avfallsmaterial   för   applikationer   förutomdeponering med tonvikt på jordbruk
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Xylia, Maria. "Cost-effectiveness assessment of energy efficiency obligation schemes - implications for Swedish industries." Thesis, KTH, Energi och klimatstudier, ECS, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-125611.

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This thesis is an investigation of whether an energy efficiency obligation scheme would be cost-effective for the Swedish industrial sector. The basic guidelines of the scheme were constructed based on the characteristics proposed in the Energy Efficiency Directive and the previously implemented schemes in other EU Member States. In order to measure the cost effectiveness of the scheme for the industries, a Cost Benefit Analysis was performed. The results of the study show that the participation of the industries in an energy efficiency obligation scheme seems to be cost effective, and the Benefit to Cost Ratios of the analysis where ranging in numbers higher than one, showing that the benefits outweigh the costs. The scheme is in general more cost effective when scenarios assuming high policy intensity for the whole economy of the country are used as input for the calculation of the BCRs, which are also affected positively when higher fuel prices scenarios are adopted. The obligation should be placed upon the distributors, since the prices of energy distribution are administratively regulated. There is opportunity of financial benefits for the Swedish industries from agreements of energy savings delivery to the distributors in order for them to fulfill their obligation. These benefits will support the cost recovery of the investments for the energy savings measures. The possibility of certificate trading in the context of the scheme is another option that can create opportunities for financial gains and stimulate further the energy market. Basing the costs inputs from other EU Member States offers an insight on how these costs could be formed in the case of Sweden, but they cannot be taken as a complete calculation of the scheme’s financial effects. As a result, this study does not offer a final conclusion on the cost-effectiveness of the scheme; it rather serves as a means of support of the final conclusion regarding the cost-effectiveness of energy efficiency obligation schemes for the Swedish industries.
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Ålin, Daniel. "Spridningen av miljömedvetenhet inom den svenska stålindustrin : en fallstudie av miljöarbetet hos Outokumpu Stainless AB i Avesta." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-88111.

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I dagens samhälle tas miljöfrågor allt oftare upp i den allmänna och politiska debatten och ett aktivt miljöarbete är något som i allt högre grad krävs av företag från bland annat myndigheter och miljöorganisationer. Stålindustrin är inget undantag och får därför ofta kritik för att de åtgärder som vidtas inte är tillräckliga. Inom stålindustrin genomför företag ofta investeringar för att minska sin miljöpåverkan trots att avkastning på det investerade kapitalet uteblir. Den institutionella organisationsteorin förklarar dessa handlingar som direkta konsekvenser av likriktning. Det fenomen som studeras i studien är spridningen av miljömedvetenhet eftersom denna anses ligga till grund för investeringarna i miljöåtgärder inom den svenska stålindustrin. Formatet för studien är en fallstudie där den empiriska datainsamlingen skett genom tryckt material och intervjuer. Det kan konstateras att det studerade företagets miljöarbete påverkas i stor utsträckning av andra aktörer inom det organisatoriska fält som företaget tillhör. Inverkan på det studerade företagets miljöarbete och således spridningen av miljömedvetenhet varierar mycket mellan olika aktörer. Det är framförallt aktören politiker och myndigheter som genom tvingande mekanismer styr företagets miljöarbete. Beroende på rådande situation kan dock även influenserna från övriga aktörer påverka företagets miljöarbete och spridningen av miljömedvetenhet.
In society today environmental issues more often appear on both the public and the political agenda and an active environmental awareness is increasingly often demanded from companies by regulative authorities and environmental organisations. The steel industry is no exception and therefore receives criticism that they do not undertake the necessary actions to prevent further pollution. Companies within the steel industry often invest in different measures to reduce their environmental impact although it seldom generates a profit. Institutional theory explains these actions as direct consequences of conformity. The phenomenon of interest is the spread of environmental awareness because it is considered to be the reason behind investments in environmental impact reduction within the Swedish steel industry. The study is preformed as a case study where the empirical data is collected through written sources and interviews. It is established that the environmental work of the focal company is largely affected by the other actors within the organizational field of interest. Among these actors the level of impact on the focal company’s environmental work and therefore also the spreading of environmental awareness varies a lot. Politicians and government authorities are the actor which first and foremost through coercive actions affects the environmental work in the studied company. Although, depending on the situation at hand the other actors can also play very important parts in affecting the studied company and the spread of environmental awareness.
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9

Hellström, Hellström. "Kris och kapitalstruktur : En studie av SMF i den svenska metallbranschen under åren 2008-2015." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för ekonomivetenskap och juridik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-31448.

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Abstract:
SMF är viktiga för den svenska finansmarknaden då de utgör 99 % av de totala företagen i landet. Dessa företag anses vara mycket bankberoende och mer känsliga för externa ekonomiska fluktuationer än större företag. Oavsett hur den globala ekonomin ser ut så måste företag kunna finansiera sin verksamhet med kapital. Kapitalstruktur är ett omdebatteratforskningsämne som saknar en generell teori för majoriteten av företag, vilket skapar en stor forskningsyta för ämnet. Sverige har en omfattande export med en finansmarknad som är väl integrerad med den globala ekonomin. Den svenska exporten föll avsevärt under finanskrisen 2008 vilket ger en indikation om att exportberoende företag drabbades hårt av finanskrisen,inte minst SMF. Ett minskat kreditutbud i kombination med en finansiell kris kan förmodas ha gett upphov till finansieringsproblem för dessa företag.Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka sambandet mellan företagsspecifika faktorer och kapitalstrukturen i metallbranschens företag, där den primära aspekten för studien är att utreda hur företagens kapitalstruktur förändrades i samband med finanskrisen 2008.Studien utgår från en kvantitativ metod med en deduktiv ansats. För att besvara studiens syfte och forskningsfrågor genomförs regressions-, korrelations- och deskriptiva analyser för att kunna analysera sambandet mellan de utvalda beroende variablerna och de oberoende variablerna. Flertalet regressionsanalyser och ANOVA-tester genomförs för att kunnaundersöka om en signifikant skillnad i företagens kapitalstruktur föreligger mellan tidsperioderna. Resultatet visar att det finns en signifikant skillnad i de utvalda företagens kapitalstruktur mellan perioden under finanskrisen och efter krisen. De kortfristiga skulderna stod för den största förändringen som minskade markant under krisperioden i metallbranschens företag. De oberoende variablerna som påvisar det största sambandet förskuldsättningsgraden är lönsamhet och materiella anläggningstillgångar. Studien finner ett negativt samband mellan lönsamhet och samtliga skuldsättningsgrader, samt ett negativt samband mellan materiella anläggningstillgångar och den långfristiga skuldsättningsgraden.Ett motsatt förhållande observeras dock för den kortfristiga skuldsättningsgraden som enligt resultatet har ett negativt samband med materiella anläggningstillgångar. Studien finner även ett mindre positivt samband mellan tillväxt och samtliga skuldsättningsgrader.
SMEs have become significantly important for the Swedish economy since they account for 99 % of all the businesses in Sweden. These firms rely heavily on bank credits and are more sensitive to external economic fluctuations relative to larger firms. Regardless of the events in the global economy, firms must be able to finance its operations with capital. Previousresearch on capital structure indicates a difficulty to find a general theory that can be applied for the majority of firms, which provides more scope for further research in the subject. Sweden is a very export-dependent country and is highly integrated into the global economy. The Swedish export decreased substantially due to the financial crisis 2008, which indicates that export-dependent firms was suffering during the given time period. The combination of a decline in credit supply and a financial crisis gives us the assumption of financial problems in these firms. The purpose of this study is to examine whether or not the recent financial crisis had an impact capital structure in the iron- and steel industry. The importance of different determinants that affects the capital structure will also be reviewed.A quantitative method with a deductive approach will be used for the study. To fulfil the purpose of the study, regression-, correlation- and descriptive analysis will be performed in order to analyse the relation between the dependent variables and the independent variables. Several regression analysis and ANOVA-test will be carried out in order to determine whether or not there is a significant difference in the firms capital structure between the two time periods. The study finds a significant change in capital structure between the two time periods. The short-term debt ratio accounted for the greatest change and decreased substantially during the financial crisis. In addition, the result suggests that profitability and tangible assets are the most important determinants explaining the capital structure of Swedish SMEs in the iron- and steel industry. The study finds a negative relation betweenprofitability and leverage, and a negative relation between tangible assets and short-term debt. Contradictory, a positive relation can be observed between tangible assets and long-term debt. Additionally, a small positive relation can be found between growth and leverage during both time periods.

Betyg B, 170612

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Book chapters on the topic "Swedish steel indusrty"

1

Thajudeen, Shamnath, Martin Lennartsson, Fredrik Elgh, and Per Johan Persson. "Parametric Modelling of Steel Connectors in a Glulam Based Post and Beam Building System – Towards a Flexible Product Platform Approach." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde200117.

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Abstract:
House building projects are distinctive, and the degree of customisation creates bottlenecks in the design process and challenges for production, which results in longer lead time and higher costs. Aligned with a product platform approach, previous studies have introduced cost-effective approaches such as standardisation, modularization, configurators, etc. Still, components that cannot be completely modularized and configured due to high complexity level, may require a lot of engineering efforts during development. A platform approach that can be used to support engineer-to-order products that change over time still needs to be explored. The application of parametric modelling to automate the design process in the construction industry has the potential to further increase both the design and production efficiency. Thus, the objective of this research is to apply parametric modelling in the design of steel connectors used in a glulam based post and beam building system as part of a flexible product platform for increased design and production efficiency. A single case study has been carried out with a Swedish multi-storey house building company. Empirical data were gathered from a workshop with the design team followed by interviews, and document analysis. A computer-supported method for the steel bracket connectors has been developed, that connects post and beam components with pre-defined rules and constraints as part of the platform development. The result contributes to expanding knowledge about the development of a flexible product platform for improved design process and downstream production of customised components with parametric modelling support in the industrial post and beam buildng system.
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