Academic literature on the topic 'Sweet sorghum ethanol'
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Journal articles on the topic "Sweet sorghum ethanol"
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M. Sankar, M. Sankar, and M. Seethalakshmi M. Seethalakshmi. "Ethanol Production from Cheese Whey with Sweet Sorghum." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 2 (2011): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/feb2013/1.
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Hatamipour, Mohammad Sadegh, Abbas Almodares, Mohsen Ahi, Mohammad Ali Gorji, and Qazaleh Jahanshah. "Performance Evaluation of Sweet Sorghum Juice and Sugarcane Molasses for Ethanol Production." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 17, no. 3 (2015): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjct-2015-0043.
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Abstract Sweet sorghum juice and traditional ethanol substrate i.e. sugarcane molasses were used for ethanol production in this work. At the end of the fermentation process, the sweet sorghum juice yielded more ethanol with higher ethanol concentration compared to sugarcane molasses in all experiments. The sweet sorghum juice had higher cell viability at high ethanol concentrations and minimum sugar concentration at the end of the fermentation process. The ethanol concentration and yield were 8.9% w/v and 0.45 g/g for sweet sorghum in 80 h and 6.5% w/v and 0.37 g/g for sugarcane molasses in 60 h, respectively. The findings on the physical properties of sweet sorghum juice revealed that it has better physical properties compared to sugarcane molasses, resulting to enhanced performance of sweet sorghum juice for ethanol production
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Jóvér, János. "Evaluation of sweet sorghum and sudangrass varieties by the viewpoint of bioethanol production." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 59 (April 23, 2014): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/59/2003.
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Bioenergy and biofuels are very important in today’s energy policy. These kinds of energy resources have several advantages against fossil fuels. Environmental protection is a cardinal point of widespreading these technologies but the economic considerations are important as well. In order to improve the rate of the renewable energy in the energy consumption, the European Union settled down a program which determines a minimum ratio of renewable energy in the energy consumption for each member country of the EU. To fulfil the requirements bioenergy and biofuels should be produced. This production procedure needs adequate stocks which are commonly agricultural products.One of the promising stocks is sorghum. This plant fits for bioethanol production due to its juice content being rich in sugar. In this study six sweet sorghum hybrids, two sudangrass hybrids and a sudangrass variety have been evaluated to determine their theorical ethanol production capacity.On the score of the results of the year 2009 it can be set that sudangrasses have a lower theorical ethanol capacity than sweet sorghums have. In the case of sweet sorghums 1860.29–2615.47 l ha-1 ethanol yields had been calculated, while the sudangrasses had only 622.96–801.03 l ha-1. After that throughout three years (2011–2013) the sweet sorghum hybrids have been evaluated in order to determine the fluctuations of the ethanol production capacity caused by the impact of the years. As a result 2425.44–4043.6 l ha-1 theorical ethanol capacities have been calculated, which means that sweet sorghums can be an adequate stock to produce bioethanol.
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Hao, Mengmeng, Jingying Fu, Dong Jiang, Xiaoxi Yan, Shuai Chen, and Fangyu Ding. "Sustainable Development of Sweet Sorghum-Based Fuel Ethanol from the Perspective of Water Resources in China." Sustainability 10, no. 10 (2018): 3428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10103428.
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Bioenergy is expected to play a key role in achieving a future sustainable energy system. Sweet sorghum-based fuel ethanol, one of the most promising bioenergy sources in China, has been receiving considerable attention. However, the conflict between sweet sorghum development and traditional water use has not been fully considered. The article presents an integrated method for evaluating water stress from sweet sorghum-based fuel ethanol in China. The region for developing sweet sorghum was identified from the perspective of sustainable development of water resources. First, the spatial distribution of the water demand of sweet sorghum-based fuel ethanol was generated with a Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) model coupled with Geo-Information System (GIS). Subsequently, the surplus of water resources at the provincial scale and precipitation at the pixel scale were considered during the growth period of sweet sorghum, and the potential conflicts between the supply and demand of water resources were analyzed at regional scale monthly. Finally, the development level of sweet sorghum-based fuel ethanol was determined. The results showed that if the pressure of water consumption of sweet sorghum on regional water resources was taken into account, about 23% of the original marginal land was not suitable for development of sweet sorghum-based fuel ethanol, mainly distributed in Beijing, Hebei, Ningxia, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Tianjin. In future energy planning, the water demand of energy plants must be fully considered to ensure its sustainable development.
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Rono, Justice K., Erick K. Cheruiyot, Jacktone O. Othira, and Virginia W. Njuguna. "Cane Yield and Juice Volume Determine Ethanol Yield in Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)." International Journal of Applied Science 1, no. 2 (2018): p29. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/ijas.v1n2p29.
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Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) contains fermentable sugars in the stem that can be converted to ethanol. The current study aimed at evaluating the performance of three sweet sorghum genotypes with five checks and contributes towards availing suitable sweet sorghum for industrial ethanol production. Field studies were carried out in Kenya at varied locations in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Sorghum was harvested at hard dough stage of grain development and evaluated for several stem juice production traits including plant height, cane yield, juice volume, degrees Brix, total, reducing, and non-reducing sugars, and ethanol yield via juice fermentation. Analyses of variance using SAS version 9.1 showed a significant effect of genotype for morphological characters and ethanol yield. Genotype EUSS10 produced the greatest cane (27.4 T/ha) and juice yield (7806.7 L/ha) whereas ACFC003/12 recorded the greatest ethanol yield (423.1 L/ha). At all sites, EUSS10 had the greatest plant height and days to 50% heading whereas SS04 had the greatest Brix and total sugar concentration. The greatest grain yield and non-reducing sugar concentration was produced by SS17 and SS21, respectively. Results of this study show that though Brix and total sugars are desirable for ethanol yield, cane yield, and juice volume of sweet sorghum determines the ultimate volume of ethanol produced.
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Ban, Jingyang, Jianliang Yu, Xu Zhang, and Tianwei Tan. "Ethanol production from sweet sorghum residual." Frontiers of Chemical Engineering in China 2, no. 4 (2008): 452–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11705-008-0072-6.
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Rakhmetova, Svitlana O., Olena M. Vergun, Rostislav Y. Blume, et al. "Ethanol Production Potential of Sweet Sorghum in North and Central Ukraine." Open Agriculture Journal 14, no. 1 (2020): 321–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874331502014010321.
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Background: Sweet sorghum (Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench) is a unique crop with great potential to serve both the food and energy industries. It is due to the possibility of (bio)ethanol production both from the juice and biomass of this crop. The sorghum stems juice contains sugar in the levels similar to that of sugarcane. Besides, low cultivation requirements for the sweet sorghum make this crop even more attractive for sugar and ethanol production. In terms of technology, sweet sorghum is seen as a transitional feedstock for the first to the second generation bioethanol production. However, effective technological development of the plant cultivation and processing in the Northern and Central Ukraine is restrained by the lack of a collection of sweet sorghum genotypes and adapted varieties for its large-scale cultivation. Additionally, no evaluations of potential (bio)ethanol productivity have been performed for this region, which is important for efficient implementation of novel biofuel-producing technologies and for successful development of a green economy. Objective: This research was aimed to create a pool of sweet sorghum genotypes with the involvement of worldwide germplasm, analyze their morphology and breed high-yielding plant lines for the efficient production of liquid biofuels for second-generation bioenergy. Based on that, we also aimed to explore the prospects regarding the efficiency of sweet sorghum cultivation for (bio)ethanol production in the Northern and Central Ukraine. Methods and Materials: A valuable gene pool of S. saccharatum (L.) Moench (41 samples) was created; in particular, high-performance genotypes were created for cultivation under the soil-climatic conditions of Ukraine. The bio-morphological features and the yield potential of the plants were determined and the biochemical composition of the phyto-raw materials was determined in different periods of vegetation, in particular, during the technical ripeness of the above-ground mass of plants. The more productive forms and varieties of sugar sorghum in terms of yield, dry matter content, sugar, and energy value of biomass during flowering and waxy ripeness are highlighted. The technological properties of plant biomass for the production of alternative liquid fuels (in particular, bioethanol) have been analyzed. Importantly, optimal cultivation conditions have been elaborated for the newly created sweet sorghum genotypes, and their productivity has also been evaluated. Moreover, for the first time, a detailed study on potential ethanol yield has been conducted. Results: Sweet sorghum has considerable potential in Ukraine as a new sugar-producing energy crop. The germplasm collection of this crop has been created (41 accessions), including introduced and acclimated genotypes and newly bred lines and varieties. The biological performance of sorghum in Ukraine and plant morphology have been analyzed. The most promising genotypes were used for breeding of new high-productive sweet sorghum varieties. The potential (bio)ethanol yield for different sugar feedstocks (juice, grain bagasse) can reach up to 11423 L/ha in total from juice, grain and bagasse. Conclusion: The estimated values of ethanol productivity are comparable to the results of other similar investigations. In conclusion, a high performance of sweet sorghum in Ukraine can be suggested.
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Jiang, Dong, Tian Ma, Fangyu Ding, et al. "Mapping Global Environmental Suitability for Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench." Energies 12, no. 10 (2019): 1928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12101928.
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Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, called sweet sorghum, is a drought-resistant and heat-tolerant plant used for ethanol bioenergy production, and is able to reduce the competition between growing crops for energy vs. growing crops for food. Quantitatively mapping the marginal lands of sweet sorghum is essential for the development of sorghum-based fuel ethanol production. However, knowledge of the contemporary marginal lands of sweet sorghum remains incomplete, and usually relies on sample data or is evaluated at a national or regional scale based on established rules. In this study, a novel method was demonstrated for mapping the global marginal lands of sweet sorghum based on a machine learning model. The total amount of global marginal lands suitable for sweet sorghum is 4802.21 million hectares. The model was applied to training and validation samples, and achieved high predictive performance, with the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) values of 0.984 and 0.978, respectively. In addition, the results illustrate that maximum annual temperature contributes more than do other variables to the predicted distribution of sweet sorghum and has a contribution rate of 40.2%.
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Souza, Renan Silva e., Rafael Augusto da Costa Parrella, Vander Fillipe de Souza, and Nádia Nardely Lacerda Durães Parrella. "Maturation curves of sweet sorghum genotypes." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 40, no. 1 (2016): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542016000100004.
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ABSTRACT Sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] stands out as a complementary crop to sugarcane Saccharum spp. for the production of ethanol, since it has juicy stems with directly fermentable sugars. Due to this fact, there is a need for the analysis of sweet sorghum properties in order to meet the agro-industry demand. This work aimed to develop and study the maturation curves of seven sweet sorghum cultivars in ten harvest dates. The results showed a significant difference between cultivars and harvest dates for all parameters analysed (p≤0.01). Regarding the sugar content, the cultivars BRS508, XBWS80147 and CMSX629 showed the highest means for the total reducing sugars (TRS) and recoverable sugar (RS). In the production of ethanol per tonne of biomass (EP), the cultivars BRS508 and CMSX629 presented the best results.
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Dong, Xicun, Wenjian Li, Ruiyuan Liu, and Wenting Gu. "Recent Progresses on Industrialization of Sweet Sorghum at IMP." Journal of Agricultural Science 9, no. 10 (2017): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v9n10p57.
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Sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is not only an efficient and highly productive bioenergy crop that may help alleviate potential food-fuel tension caused by over-reliance on corn grain ethanol because of its outstanding features, including large amounts of fermentable carbohydrates in its juice-rich stalks, drought-tolerance, saline-alkaline resistance but also has considerable potential as food, forage crop owing to the limited availability of arable land. In this review, we have provided a brief overview of the progress that has been made in sweet sorghum industrialization at IMP range from research motivation, breeding, planting scale to products development. A conclusion is drawn that sweet sorghum industry is a systematic project, involving many key points, such as breeding, planting, production process and products sale. From a strategic and sustainability point of view, sweet sorghum is one of the most promising plants, particularly for ethanol, silage and liquor production.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sweet sorghum ethanol"
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McGinley, Susan. "Sweet Sorghum into Ethanol." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622107.
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Mutepe, Rendani Daphney. "Ethanol production from sweet sorghum / Mutepe R.D." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7275.
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The use of fossil fuels contributes to global warming and there is a consequent need to
resort to clean and renewable fuels. The major concerns with using agricultural crops
for the production of energy are food and water security. Crops that do not threaten food
security and that can be cultivated with a relatively low amount of water and produce
high yields of fermentable sugars are therefore needed. Sweet sorghum is a fastgrowing
crop that can be harvested twice a year and that can produce both food (grain)
and energy (sugar juice from stems). Sweet sorghum bagasse can also be utilised for
ethanol production.
The aim of this study was to determine the sugar content of different sweet sorghum
cultivars at different harvest times, and determine the cultivar that will produce the
highest ethanol yield at optimized fermentation conditions. Sweet sorghum bagasse was
also pretretated, enzymatic hydrolysed and fermented and the best pretreatment method
and ethanol yield was determined.
In this study, sweet sorghum juice, which mostly consists of readily fermentable sugars
(glucose, sucrose and fructose), as well as the bagasse obtained after juice extraction,
were converted to bio–ethanol. Sweet sorghum juice was fermented to ethanol using
Saccharomyces cereviciae without any prior pretreatment. The effect of pH (4–6), yeast
concentration (1–5g.L–1), initial sugar concentration (110–440g.L–1) and the addition of a
nitrogen source (urea, ammonium sulphate, yeast extract and peptone) on the ethanol
yield was investigated. The pretreatment of bagasse using sulphuric acid (3wt %), and
calcium hydroxide (0.2g/g bagasse), followed by enzymatic hydrolysis using Celluclast
1.5L (0.25g/g bagasse), Novozyme 188 (0.24g/g bagasse) and Tween 80(1.25g.L–1)
were adapted from Mabentsela (2010). Fermentation was done using Saccharomyces
cerevisiae, but it was unable to ferment the xylose sugar.
The results show that the USA 1 cultivar contains the highest sugar content at 3 months.
An ethanol and glycerol yield of 0.48g.g–1 and 0.05g.g–1 was observed respectively at a
pH of 4.5, a yeast concentration of 3wt%, initial sugar concentration of 440g.L–1 and
when ammonium sulphate was added to the fermentation broth as nitrogen source. The glycerol yield formed as a by–product during fermentation and at a maximum ethanol
yield was 0.05g.g–1.
The glucose yield obtained from sulphuric acid, base and ultrasonic wave pretreatment
was 0.79g.g–1, 0.62g.g–1 and 0.62g.g–1 respectively. The glucose yield obtained after
each type of pretreatment was higher than that obtained for unpretreated bagasse, which
was 0.55g.g–1. Base pretreatment, ultrasonic wave pretreatment and unpretreated
bagasse also contained fructose at the end of enzymatic hydrolysis. Base, sulphuric acid
pretreatment disrupted the crystal structure of cellulose and increased the available
surface, and therefore cellulose was easily accessible for enzymatic hydrolysis.
Ultrasonic wave pretreatment showed potential in increasing the surface area for
enzymatic hydrolysis but further investigations need to be done. From bagasse
fermentation, 0.45g.g–1 – 0.39g.g–1 of ethanol per g of available fermentable sugar was
obtained.<br>Thesis (M.Sc. Engineering Sciences (Chemical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.
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Ottman, Michael. "Feasibility of Obtaining Two Crops of Sweet Sorghum for Ethanol, MAC, 2006." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/203655.
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Sweet sorghum has potential as an energy crop in the Southwest since, compared to corn, it requires less fertilizer and water, is cheaper to grow, and requires less energy to process into ethanol. The purpose of this study is to determine the feasibility of obtaining two crops of sweet sorghum from a single seeding. Two cultivars of sweet sorghum were seeded at early and late dates at the Maricopa Agricultural Center in 2006. Two crops of sweet sorghum were obtained in our study with a short season cultivar Bundle King, but not with the longer season cultivar MMR 327/36. The ethanol yield of Bundle King of 213 gal/acre from two crops planted on April 7 was not significantly greater statistically than the ethanol yield of 162 gal/acre from a single crop planted on June 1. Bundle King is an inherently low yielding variety, as are most short season sweet sorghum cultivars that may be used for double cropping. Thus, the problem with double cropping is identifying a suitable cultivar along with increased harvest costs, despite the advantage of providing a more even supply of feedstock to an ethanol plant.
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Waters, Heather. "Converting Sweet Sorghum to Ethanol - An Alternative Feedstock for Renewable Fuels." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/271930.
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The goal of this project was to design an ethanol production process from sweet sorghum for use as a renewable fuel. Sorghum stalks are first harvested and sent through a series of 2 three-roller extractors (70% total efficiency). Extracted juice is pumped to the reactor for preservation and fermentation. Sodium metabisulfite preserves the juice. Ethanol Red (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) is the fermentation yeast. Following fermentation, the juice (8% ethanol by mass) is distilled to achieve 90% ethanol. A molecular sieve extracts excess water, resulting in 100% ethanol. Plant wastes accumulate during the process. These wastes are collected, dried, and sold as animal feed for profit. The project economics indicate that the overall process is not currently economically feasible. The net present value (NPV) for the optimum economic situation, assuming a 15 year plant lifetime and 15% interest rate, is -$125 M. Under these circumstances, the ethanol would need to be sold at $44.37 per gallon to break even. To improve this process, further development of methods for increasing juice extraction efficiency should be explored. Additionally, the distillation process could be enhanced with a second distillation column to achieve 95% ethanol prior to using the molecular sieve.
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Morris, Brittany Danielle. "Economic feasibility of ethanol production from sweet sorghum juice in Texas." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2313.
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Jia, Fei, Jeerwan Chawhuaymak, Mark Riley, Werner Zimmt, and Kimberly Ogden. "Efficient extraction method to collect sugar from sweet sorghum." BioMed Central, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610172.
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BACKGROUND:Sweet sorghum is a domesticated grass containing a sugar-rich juice that can be readily utilized for ethanol production. Most of the sugar is stored inside the cells of the stalk tissue and can be difficult to release, a necessary step before conventional fermentation. While this crop holds much promise as an arid land sugar source for biofuel production, a number of challenges must be overcome. One lies in the inherent labile nature of the sugars in the stalks leading to a short usable storage time. Also, collection of sugars from the sweet sorghum stalks is usually accomplished by mechanical squeezing, but generally does not collect all of the available sugars.RESULTS:In this paper, we present two methods that address these challenges for utilization of sweet sorghum for biofuel production. The first method demonstrates a means to store sweet sorghum stalks in the field under semi-arid conditions. The second provides an efficient water extraction method that can collect as much of the available sugar as feasible. Operating parameters investigated include temperature, stalk size, and solid-liquid ratio that impact both the rate of sugar release and the maximal amount recovered with a goal of low water use. The most desirable conditions include 30degreesC, 0.6 ratio of solid to liquid (w/w), which collects 90 % of the available sugar. Variations in extraction methods did not alter the efficiency of the eventual ethanol fermentation.CONCLUSIONS:The water extraction method has the potential to be used for sugar extraction from both fresh sweet sorghum stalks and dried ones. When combined with current sugar extraction methods, the overall ethanol production efficiency would increase compared to current field practices.
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Appiah-Nkansah, Nana Baah. "Full utilization of sweet sorghum for biofuel production." Diss., Kansas State University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/34623.
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Doctor of Philosophy<br>Department of Biological & Agricultural Engineering<br>Donghai Wang<br>Sweet sorghum accumulates high concentrations of fermentable sugars in the stem, produces significant amount of starch in the grain (panicle) and has shown to be a promising energy feedstock. Sweet sorghum has a short growing season so adding it to the sugar cane system would be good. The overall goal of this dissertation is to enhance the attractiveness of biofuel production from sweet sorghum to fully utilize fermentable sugars in the juice, starch in the panicle and structural carbohydrates in the stalk for high efficiency and low-cost ethanol production.
Sweet sorghum juice was incorporated into the dry-grind process which increased ethanol yield by 28% increase of ethanol yield compared to the conventional ethanol method and decreased enzymatic hydrolysis time by 30 minutes. A very high gravity fermentation technique was applied using sweet sorghum juice and sorghum grain yielded 20.25% (v/v) of ethanol and 96% fermentation efficiency.
Response surface methodology was applied in order to optimize diffusion conditions and to explore effects of diffusion time, diffusion temperature, and ratio of sweet sorghum biomass to grain on starch-to-sugar efficiency and total sugar recovery from sweet sorghum. Starch hydrolysis efficiency and sugar recovery efficiency of 96 and 98.5% were achieved, respectively, at an optimized diffusion condition of 115 minutes, 95 °C, and 22% grain loading. Extraction kinetics based on the optimized diffusion parameters were developed to describe the mass transfer of sugars in sweet sorghum biomass during the diffusion process. Ethanol obtained from fermented extracted sugars treated with granular starch hydrolyzing enzyme and those with traditional enzymes were comparable (14.5 – 14.6% v/v). Ethanol efficiencies also ranged from 88.92 –92.02%.
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Worley, John Wright. "A systems analysis of sweet sorghum harvest for a Piedmont ethanol industry." Diss., This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-135608/.
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Rojas, Ortúzar Ilse. "Bioconversion Of Lignocellulosic Components Of Sweet Sorghum Bagasse Into Fermentable Sugars." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/555836.
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The utilization of lignocellulosic residues to produce renewable energy is an interesting alternative to meet the increasing demand of fuels while at the same time reducing greenhouse gas emissions and climate change. Sweet sorghum bagasse is a lignocellulosic residue composed mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin; and it is a promising substrate for ethanol production because its complex carbohydrates may be hydrolyzed and converted into simple sugars, and then fermented into ethanol. However, the utilization of lignocellulosic residues is difficult and inefficient. Lignocellulose is a very stable and compact complex structure, which is linked by β-1,4 and β-1,3 glycosidic bonds. Furthermore, the crystalline and amorphous features of cellulose fibers and the presence of hemicellulose and lignin make the conversion of lignocellulose into fermentable sugars currently impractical at commercial scale. The bioconversion of lignocellulose in nature is performed by microorganisms such as fungi and bacteria, which produce enzymes that are able to degrade lignocellulose. The present study evaluated the bioconversion of lignocellulosic residues of sweet sorghum into simple sugars using filamentous fungi directly in the hydrolysis of the substrate, without prior isolation of the enzymes. The fungus Neurospora crassa and some wild fungi (that grew naturally on sweet sorghum bagasse) were used in this investigation. The effect of the fungi on substrate degradation and the sugars released after hydrolysis were evaluated, and then compared with standard hydrolysis performed by commercial enzymes (isolated cellulases). In addition, different combinations of fungi and enzymes were used to determine the best approach. The main goal was to verify if the fungi were able to attack and break down the lignocellulose structure directly and at a reasonable rate, rather than by the current method utilizing isolated enzymes. The main finding of this study was that the fungi (N. crassa and wild fungi) were able to degrade sweet sorghum bagasse directly; however, in all of the cases, the hydrolysis process was not efficient because the hydrolysis rate was much lower than the enzymatic hydrolysis rate. Hydrolysis using a combination of fungus and commercial enzymes was a good approach, but still not efficient enough for practical use. The best results of combined hydrolysis were obtained when the substrate was under the fungus attack for three days and then, commercial enzymes with low enzymatic activity (7 FPU/g and 25 CBU/g) were added to the solution. These enzymes represent 10% of the current enzymatic activity recommended per gram of substrate. This process reached reasonable levels of sugars (close to 85% of sugars yield obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis); however, the conversion rate was still slower, making the process impractical and more expensive since it took twice the amount of time as commercial enzymes. Furthermore, the wild fungi able to degrade cellulose were isolated, screened, and identified. Two of them belong to the genus Aspergillus, one to the genus Acremonium, and one to the genus Rhizopus. Small concentration of spores-0.5mL- (see Table 4, CHAPTER III- for specific number of spores per mL) did not show any sugar released during hydrolysis of sweet sorghum bagasse. However, when the concentration of spores was increased (to 5mL and 10mL of solution), citric acid production was detected. This finding indicates that those wild fungi were able to degrade lignocellulose, even though no simple sugars were measured, citric acid production is an indicator of fungi growing and utilization of lignocellulose as nutrient. It is assumed that the fungi consume the sugars at the same time they are released, thus they are not detected. The maximum concentration of citric acid (~14.50 mg/mL) was achieved between days 8-11 of hydrolysis. On the other hand, before using lignocellulose, the substrate needed to be pretreated in order to facilitate its decomposition and subsequent hydrolysis. Sweet sorghum bagasse was washed three times to remove any soluble sugars remaining after the juice was extracted from the stalks. Then, another finding of this study was that the first wash solution could be used for ethanol production since the amount of sugars present in it was close to 13°Brix. The ethanol yield after 48 hours of fermentation was in average 6.82mg/mL, which is close to the theoretical ethanol yield. The other two washes were too dilute for commercial ethanol production. In terms of pretreatments, the best one to break down sweet sorghum bagasse was 2% (w/v) NaOH. This pretreatment shows the highest amounts of glucose and xylose released after hydrolysis. Unwashed and untreated bagasse (raw bagasse) did not show any sugar released. In terms of ethanol, 74.50% of the theoretical yield was reached by enzymatic hydrolysis, while 1.10% was reached by hydrolysis using the fungus N. crassa. Finally, it is important to remark that further investigation is needed to improve the direct conversion of lignocellulose into fermentable sugars by fungal enzymes. This approach is a promising technology that needs to be developed and improved to make it efficient and feasible at commercial scale.
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Gerke, Lincoln Villi. "Avaliação do potencial do material de sorgo Sacarino ADV 2010 para produção de etanol e silagem, em dois cortes, na região oeste do Paraná." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Parana, 2015. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/758.
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Previous issue date: 2015-02-27<br>The sorghum was investigated as a food source to replace corn and alternative to
sugar cane for ethanol production. Experimental in the State University of Paraná-
UNIOESTE West station in Rondon-PR, with the hybrid ADV 2010, which was
ensiled and processed with the same equipment already used in the processing of
corn and sugarcane, produced a quantity of biomass that exceeded the volume of
165,000 kg of fresh weight per hectare in two sections with an ethanol production of
1,035 liters per hectare in the 1st section and 695 liters per hectare in regrowth,
resulting in a cost of R$ 1.26 per liter produced in a rural property. The chemical
composition of silage dry matter, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, ash and
crude protein were relevant in the silage. The results showed that there is viability in
producing ethanol from sweet sorghum in rural properties, an additional investment.
The economic potential of the material, addition of ethanol and silage extends to the
biomass, which can be used for other purposes, and food, can be dried and
incorporated into animal feed (fiber) in digesters supply or production steam boilers.<br>O sorgo sacarino foi investigado como fonte de alimento em substituição ao milho e
alternativa à cana de açúcar para a produção de etanol. Na Estação Experimental da
Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná-UNIOESTE em Marechal Cândido
Rondon-PR, com o híbrido ADV 2010, que foi ensilado e processado com os
mesmos equipamentos já usados no processamento de milho e cana, produziu uma
quantidade de biomassa que superou o volume de 165.000 kg de massa fresca por
hectare em dois cortes, com uma produção de etanol de 1.035 litros por hectare no
1º corte e de 695 litros por hectare no rebrote, resultando num custo de R$ 1,26 por
litro produzido em uma propriedade rural. A composição bromatológica da silagem
em matéria seca, fibra em detergente ácido, fibra em detergente neutro, matéria
mineral e proteína bruta mostraram-se relevantes nas silagens. Os resultados
mostraram que há viabilidade em produzir etanol a partir do sorgo sacarino em
propriedades rurais, mediante um investimento adicional. O potencial econômico do
material, além da produção de etanol e silagem, se estende à biomassa, que pode
ser usada para outros fins, além de alimentação, também pode ser secado e
incorporado à rações (fibras), em alimentação de biodigestores ou produção de
vapor em caldeiras.
Books on the topic "Sweet sorghum ethanol"
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Reddy, Belum V. S. Developing a sweet sorghum ethanol value chain. International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, 2013.
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(Editor), Giuliano Grassi, and Alberto Douglas Scolti (Illustrator), eds. ECHI-T Large Bio-ethanol Project from Sweet Sorghum in P.R. China and Italy. ETA, Florence, Italy, 2002.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Sweet sorghum ethanol"
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Muryanto and Ajeng Arum Sari. "Pretreatment of Sweet Sorghum Bagasse Using EFB-Based Black Liquor for Ethanol Production." In Sustainable Future for Human Security. Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5430-3_8.
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Rains, Glen C., and John W. Worley. "Sweet Sorghum: Applications in Ethanol Production." In Encyclopedia of Plant and Crop Science. CRC Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/e-epcs-120010427.
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Rajvanshi, Anil K., and Rajiv Jorapur. "Pilot Plant for Solar Distillation of Ethanol from Sweet Sorghum Feedstock." In Advances In Solar Energy Technology. Elsevier, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-034315-0.50419-5.
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M. Gatdula, Kristel, Rex B. Demafelis, and Butch G. Bataller. "Comparative Analysis of Bioethanol Production from Different Potential Biomass Sources in the Philippines." In Bioethanol Technologies. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94357.
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To pursue the continuous implementation of the bioethanol blending mandate by the Philippine Biofuels Law, part of the roadmap of the National Biofuels Board (NBB) through the Department of Energy (DOE) is to find a sustainable feedstock. This is due to the deficit in locally produced bioethanol as there is an insufficient supply of currently used feedstock, sugarcane. There are several biomasses available in the country with components viable for ethanol fermentation. Aside from sugarcane, these include sweet sorghum and cassava (first-generation), rice straw and corn stover (second-generation), and macroalgae (third-generation). Among which, sweet sorghum can be considered as the best complementary feedstock to sugarcane as its syrup can be directly fermented to produce bioethanol. Considering its maximum bioethanol potential yield of 100 L/ton for two croppings annually, a comparably low production cost of PhP 36.00/L bioethanol was estimated, competitive enough with the PhP33.43/L bioethanol from sugarcane. Aside from finding a promising feedstock, the bioethanol production volume in the country must be increased to meet the demand through either working on the optimum processing conditions to increase the capacity utilization from the current 77.9% or through installation of additional distilleries.
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Xuan, Tran Dang, Nguyen Thi Phuong, and Tran Dang Khanh. "Effects of Fertilizers on Biomass, Sugar Content and Ethanol Production of Sweet Sorghum." In Biomass Volume Estimation and Valorization for Energy. InTech, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/66814.
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MEEKERS, E., P. OTTE, C. SCHEUREN, J. CHAPELLE, and J.-C. H. JACQUEMIN. "PROJECT OF A DEMONSTRATION UNIT FOR ETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM SWEET SORGHUM AND SUGAR BEET IN WALLONIA." In Biomass for Energy and the Environment. Elsevier, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-042849-9.50018-5.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Sweet sorghum ethanol"
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Tahmina Imam and Sergio Capareda. "Ethanol Fermentation from Sweet Sorghum Juice." In 2010 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, June 20 - June 23, 2010. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.29982.
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Dimple Kundiyana, Danielle Bellmer, Raymond Huhnke, and Mark Wilkins. ""Sorganol": Production of Ethanol from Sweet Sorghum." In 2006 Portland, Oregon, July 9-12, 2006. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.21449.
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Ajit K Mahapatra, Mark Latimore, Danielle D Bellmer, and Bharat P Singh. "Utilization of Sweet Sorghum for Ethanol Production- A Review." In 2011 Louisville, Kentucky, August 7 - August 10, 2011. American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.38984.
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Thanapimmetha, Anusith, Korsuk Vuttibunchon, Maythee Saisriyoot, and Penjit Srinophakun. "Chemical and Microbial Hydrolysis of Sweet Sorghum Bagasse for Ethanol Production." In World Renewable Energy Congress – Sweden, 8–13 May, 2011, Linköping, Sweden. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp11057389.
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Yu, John Luis, and Edwin N. Quiros. "Performance Characteristics of Philippine Hydrous Ethanol-Gasoline Blends: Preliminary Findings." In ASME 2019 13th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2019 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2019-3824.
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Abstract To reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels and develop indigenous biofuels, the Philippines enacted the Biofuels Act of 2006 which currently mandates a 10% by volume blend of 99.6% anhydrous bio-ethanol for commercially sold Unleaded and Premium gasolines. To urge a regulation review of the anhydrous requirement and examine the suitability for automotive use of hydrous bioethanol (HBE) blends, preliminary engine dynamometer tests at 1400–4400 rpm were conducted to measure specific fuel consumption (SFC) and power. In this study, HBE (95 % ethanol and 5% water by volume) produced from sweet sorghum using a locally-developed process, was blended volumetrically with three base gasoline fuels — Neat, Unleaded, and Premium. The four HBE blends tested were 10% and 20% with Neat gasoline, 20% with Unleaded gasoline, and 20% with Premium gasoline. For blends with Neat gasoline, the SFC of the 10%HBE blend was comparable with to slightly higher than Neat gasoline. The SFC of the 20%HBE blend was comparable with Neat gasoline up to 2800 rpm and lower beyond this speed thus being better overall than the 10%HBE blend. Compared to their respective commercial base fuels, the HBE-Unleaded blend showed lower SFC while the HBE-Premium blend yielded slightly higher SFC over most of the engine speed range. Between commercial fuel blends, the HBE-Unleaded blend gave better SFC than the HBE-Premium blend. Power was practically similar for the fuels tested. No engine operational problems and fuel blend phase separation were encountered during the tests. This preliminary study indicated the suitability of and possible optimum hydrous bio-ethanol blends for automotive use under Philippine conditions.