Journal articles: 'Sweet sorghum ethanol: Sweet sorghum silage'

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Alix, Hugo, Gaëtan F. Tremblay, Martin H. Chantigny, Gilles Bélanger, Philippe Seguin, Keith D. Fuller, Shabtai Bittman, et al. "Forage yield, nutritive value, and ensilability of sweet pearl millet and sweet sorghum in five Canadian ecozones." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 99, no. 5 (October 1, 2019): 701–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjps-2019-0031.

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Sweet pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] and sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], previously tested for ethanol production, were evaluated as high sugar crops for animal feeds to possibly replace silage corn (Zea mays L.). We compared the forage yield, nutritive value, and ensilability of one hybrid of sweet pearl millet and two of sweet sorghum to a locally adapted silage corn hybrid in five Canadian ecozones. Forage yields of sweet pearl millet and sorghum were similar to that of silage corn in the Boreal Shield, Mixedwood Plain, and Atlantic Maritime ecozones, greater in the Prairies, and lower in the Pacific Maritime ecozone. Across sites, forage dry matter concentration was less for sweet pearl millet (289 g kg−1) and sweet sorghum (245 g kg−1) than for silage corn (331 g kg−1). Sweet pearl millet had a lower total digestible nutrient (TDN) concentration (452 g kg−1 DM) and aNDF digestibility (NDFd) than sweet sorghum and silage corn along with greater neutral detergent fibre (aNDF) and water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) concentrations than silage corn. Sweet sorghum had greater aNDF and WSC, lower starch, and similar TDN (534 g kg−1 DM) concentrations, but greater NDFd compared with silage corn. Sweet pearl millet and sorghum fermented as well as silage corn, reaching low pH values and acceptable concentrations of lactic and volatile fatty acids. Sweet sorghum is therefore a viable alternative to silage corn in Canada except in the Pacific Maritime ecozone, but early-maturing hybrids with acceptable DM concentration at harvest are required.

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Saïed, Noura, Mohamed Khelifi, Annick Bertrand, Gaëtan F. Tremblay, and Mohammed Aider. "Ensilability and Nutritive Value of Sweet Sorghum and Sweet Pearl Millet Bagasse as Affected by Different Methods of Carbohydrate Extraction for Eventual Ethanol Production." Transactions of the ASABE 64, no. 2 (2021): 401–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.14071.

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HighlightsJuice extraction resulted in a decrease in the nutritive value of the bagasse as compared with the initial biomass.Silages made from the second pressing bagasse were well conserved.Sweet sorghum silage has a better nutritive value than sweet pearl millet.Abstract. Pressing the biomass of sweet sorghum and sweet pearl millet in-field is one of the suggested options for bioethanol production. The extracted juice can be delivered to an ethanol plant, and the bagasse (pressing residue) can be used for ruminant feeding. Efficient carbohydrate extraction is highly important for good ethanol yield. However, enough carbohydrates must remain in the bagasse for its adequate conservation as silage. In this study, the ensilability and the chemical composition of the second pressing bagasse of sweet sorghum and sweet pearl millet were investigated. The bagasse was obtained following a second pressing of the first pressing bagasse after its impregnation with water based on three water:bagasse ratios (0.5, 1, and 1.5). Results indicated that water:bagasse ratio did not affect water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) extraction for both crops. The second pressing bagasse of sweet sorghum and sweet pearl millet contained 80.5 ±4.6 and 60 ±4.6 g of WSC kg-1 dry matter (DM), respectively. The second pressing bagasse of both crops had reduced nutritive value compared to the initial biomass, i.e., higher neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) concentrations along with lower non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) concentration, in vitro true digestibility of DM (IVTD), and in vitro NDF digestibility (NDFd). The second pressing bagasses of both crops also showed good ensilability, but sweet sorghum bagasse silages were of better nutritive value than sweet pearl millet bagasse silages (ADF = 446.2 ±3.7 vs. 463.2 ±3.7 g kg-1 DM, IVTD = 813.8 ±3.4 vs. 708.8 ±6.8 g kg-1 DM, and NDFd = 741.8 ±4.8 vs. 596.2 ±8.5 g kg-1 NDF, respectively). The water:bagasse ratio used for bagasse impregnation before the second pressing only affected the NDF concentration of silages, as a higher NDF concentration was obtained with a water:bagasse ratio of 1.5. Sweet sorghum and sweet pearl millet can be considered dual-purpose crops; the extracted juice can be fermented into ethanol, and the second pressing bagasse can be used to make good-quality silage. Keywords: Bagasse impregnation, Nutritive value, Silage, Sweet pearl millet, Sweet sorghum, Water-soluble carbohydrates.

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Dong, Xicun, Wenjian Li, Ruiyuan Liu, and Wenting Gu. "Recent Progresses on Industrialization of Sweet Sorghum at IMP." Journal of Agricultural Science 9, no. 10 (September 13, 2017): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v9n10p57.

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Sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is not only an efficient and highly productive bioenergy crop that may help alleviate potential food-fuel tension caused by over-reliance on corn grain ethanol because of its outstanding features, including large amounts of fermentable carbohydrates in its juice-rich stalks, drought-tolerance, saline-alkaline resistance but also has considerable potential as food, forage crop owing to the limited availability of arable land. In this review, we have provided a brief overview of the progress that has been made in sweet sorghum industrialization at IMP range from research motivation, breeding, planting scale to products development. A conclusion is drawn that sweet sorghum industry is a systematic project, involving many key points, such as breeding, planting, production process and products sale. From a strategic and sustainability point of view, sweet sorghum is one of the most promising plants, particularly for ethanol, silage and liquor production.

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Behling Neto, Arthur, Rafael Henrique Pereira dos Reis, Luciano Da Silva Cabral, Joadil Gonçalves de Abreu, Daniel De Paula Sousa, Bruno Carneiro Pedreira, Mirceia Angele Mombach, Ernando Balbinot, Perivaldo De Carvalho, and Ana Paula da Silva Carvalho. "Fermentation characteristics of different purpose sorghum silage." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 38, no. 4Supl1 (August 25, 2017): 2607. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4supl1p2607.

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Sorghum stands out among other plants recommended for ensiling due to its forage composition, its resistance to drought, and its planting range. New cultivars of grain and sweet sorghum that can be used for silage production are available, but there is little information regarding their ensiling characteristics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fermentation characteristics at the ensiling of different purpose sorghum cultivars, at two crop periods. The trial was carried out at the Plant Production Department of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rondônia, Colorado do Oeste campus, Rondônia, Brazil, and chemical analyses were performed at the Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, at the Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá campus, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The experimental design used was a randomized block, in split-plot design, with four replicates. The plot treatments consisted of six sorghum cultivars grown for different purposes (grain sorghum: BRS 308 and BRS 310; forage sorghum: BR 655 and BRS 610; sweet sorghum: BRS 506 and CMSXS 647). Split-plot treatments consisted of two cropping seasons (first crop and second crop). The grain sorghum cultivar BRS 310 was the only one that had suitable dry matter content for ensiling; however, it was also the only one that did not show ideal water soluble carbohydrate content for ensiling. Nevertheless, all treatments presented pH below than 4.2 and ammonia nitrogen lower than 12% of total N, which indicates that the fermentation inside the silo had proceeded well. For sweet sorghum cultivars, higher ethanol and butyric acid content were observed for the first crop than for the second crop. All evaluated sorghum cultivars can be used for silage production, but the use of sweet sorghum is recommended at the second crop.

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Behling Neto, Arthur, Rafael Henrique Pereira dos Reis, Luciano Da Silva Cabral, Joadil Gonçalves de Abreu, Daniel De Paula Sousa, Bruno Carneiro Pedreira, Mirceia Angele Mombach, Ernando Balbinot, Perivaldo De Carvalho, and Ana Paula da Silva Carvalho. "Fermentation characteristics of different purpose sorghum silage." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 38, no. 4Supl1 (August 25, 2017): 2607. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n4suplp2607.

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Sorghum stands out among other plants recommended for ensiling due to its forage composition, its resistance to drought, and its planting range. New cultivars of grain and sweet sorghum that can be used for silage production are available, but there is little information regarding their ensiling characteristics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fermentation characteristics at the ensiling of different purpose sorghum cultivars, at two crop periods. The trial was carried out at the Plant Production Department of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rondônia, Colorado do Oeste campus, Rondônia, Brazil, and chemical analyses were performed at the Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, at the Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá campus, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The experimental design used was a randomized block, in split-plot design, with four replicates. The plot treatments consisted of six sorghum cultivars grown for different purposes (grain sorghum: BRS 308 and BRS 310; forage sorghum: BR 655 and BRS 610; sweet sorghum: BRS 506 and CMSXS 647). Split-plot treatments consisted of two cropping seasons (first crop and second crop). The grain sorghum cultivar BRS 310 was the only one that had suitable dry matter content for ensiling; however, it was also the only one that did not show ideal water soluble carbohydrate content for ensiling. Nevertheless, all treatments presented pH below than 4.2 and ammonia nitrogen lower than 12% of total N, which indicates that the fermentation inside the silo had proceeded well. For sweet sorghum cultivars, higher ethanol and butyric acid content were observed for the first crop than for the second crop. All evaluated sorghum cultivars can be used for silage production, but the use of sweet sorghum is recommended at the second crop.

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Li, Hongshen, Xinglin Han, Hongrui Liu, Jianqin Hao, Wei Jiang, and Shizhong Li. "Silage Fermentation on Sweet Sorghum Whole Plant for Fen-Flavor Baijiu." Foods 10, no. 7 (June 25, 2021): 1477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10071477.

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The technology for producing bioethanol from sweet sorghum stalks by solid-state fermentation has developed rapidly in recent years, and has many similarities with traditional Chinese liquor production. However, the product from sweet sorghum stalks was lacking in volatile flavors, and the level of harmful contents were uncertain, therefore it could not be sold as liquor. In this study, the protein, fat, and tannin in the clusters and leaves of sweet sorghum were utilized to increase the content of flavor compounds in the ethanol product through the anaerobic fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Meanwhile, the silage fermentation method was used to extend the preservation time of the raw materials and to further enhance the flavors of Fen-flavor liquor, with ethyl acetate as the characteristic flavor. The effects of different feedstock groups on ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate, methanol, acetaldehyde, acetal, fusel oil, total acid, and total ester were evaluated by analyzing the chemical composition of different parts of sweet sorghum and determined by gas chromatograph. The effect of different fermentation periods on the volatile flavor of sweet sorghum Baijiu was evaluated. The yield of the characteristic volatile flavor was increased by the extension of the fermentation time. Sweet sorghum Baijiu with a high ester content can be used as a flavoring liquor, blended with liquor with a shorter fermentation period to prepare the finished Fen-flavor Baijiu, conforming to the Chinese national standard for sale.

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Taveira, José Henrique Da Silva, Kátia Aparecida De Pinho Costa, Millena De Moura Aquino, Cecília Vieira Da Silva, Wender Ferreira De Souza, Mariana Borges de Castro Dias, Adriana Rodolfo Da Costa, Pedro Rogerio Giongo, and Ayrton Dourado Pereira. "Fermentation Parameters and Quality of Sweet and Biomass Sorghum Silages With Doses of Vinasse." Journal of Agricultural Studies 8, no. 3 (May 12, 2020): 678. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jas.v8i3.16823.

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The cultivation of sorghum for silage production has gained more space each year because of its satisfactory nutritional characteristics, resistance to water deficit and adaptability to various types of soil. Thus, the use of sorghum silage has been an alternative for periods of low forage production, providing quality food for ruminants. In this context, the objective was to evaluate the fermentation parameters and quality of sweet and biomass sorghum silages added with doses of vinasse. The experiment was a 2 x 5 factorial completely randomized design with three replications of two sorghum species (sweet and biomass) and five doses of vinasse applied to the soil: 0; 50; 100; 150 and 200 m3 ha-1, totaling 30 experimental silos. For silage, sorghum species were harvested in the 105-day cycle, with 30.5 and 32.3 g kg-1 dry matter, for biomass and sweet sorghum, respectively. The results showed that the biomass sorghum silage showed higher dry mass production. However, the sweet sorghum silage presented a lower buffering capacity, NH3-N, and higher concentration of lactic acid. Doses of vinasse increased the content of crude protein, in vitro digestibility of dry matter and ether extract and reduced fiber fractions in both sorghum species, showing that both species can be used for silage production. Vinasse is a promising alternative to organic fertilizer, since the use of 200 m3 ha-1 positively influenced the fermentation parameters and nutritional value of the sorghum silages.

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Hatamipour, Mohammad Sadegh, Abbas Almodares, Mohsen Ahi, Mohammad Ali Gorji, and Qazaleh Jahanshah. "Performance Evaluation of Sweet Sorghum Juice and Sugarcane Molasses for Ethanol Production." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 17, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjct-2015-0043.

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Abstract Sweet sorghum juice and traditional ethanol substrate i.e. sugarcane molasses were used for ethanol production in this work. At the end of the fermentation process, the sweet sorghum juice yielded more ethanol with higher ethanol concentration compared to sugarcane molasses in all experiments. The sweet sorghum juice had higher cell viability at high ethanol concentrations and minimum sugar concentration at the end of the fermentation process. The ethanol concentration and yield were 8.9% w/v and 0.45 g/g for sweet sorghum in 80 h and 6.5% w/v and 0.37 g/g for sugarcane molasses in 60 h, respectively. The findings on the physical properties of sweet sorghum juice revealed that it has better physical properties compared to sugarcane molasses, resulting to enhanced performance of sweet sorghum juice for ethanol production

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Ban, Jingyang, Jianliang Yu, Xu Zhang, and Tianwei Tan. "Ethanol production from sweet sorghum residual." Frontiers of Chemical Engineering in China 2, no. 4 (November 4, 2008): 452–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11705-008-0072-6.

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Lombardi, Gabrielle Maria Romeiro, Patricia Cardoso Andrade Navegantes, Carlos Henrique Pereira, Jales Mendes Oliveira Fonseca, Rafael Augusto da Costa Parrella, Fernanda Maria Rodrigues Castro, Mara Jane da Rocha, Daniela Oliveira Ornelas, Adriano Teodoro Bruzi, and José Airton Rodrigues Nunes. "Heterosis in sweet sorghum." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 53, no. 5 (May 2018): 593–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2018000500008.

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Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential per se of male-sterile and fertility-restorer lines of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), as well as to detail the heterosis manifested for some traits directly or indirectly related to ethanol production, accumulation rate, and predictability. Evaluations were performed for 20 genotypes, of which 4 are fertility-restorer lines (R), 3 are male-sterile lines (A), and 12 are experimental hybrids (H) resulting from the partial diallel cross between lines A and R, besides a commercial hybrid CV198 used as a check, in four harvest seasons. The experiments were carried out in the municipalities of Lavras and Sete Lagoas, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The measured traits were plant height, green mass production, juice extraction, total soluble solids content, and megagrams of Brix per hectare. The male-sterile A1 and the fertility-restorer R1 and R3 lines show the best potential per se, considering all traits and their accumulation rate and predictability over harvest times. Heterosis is significant for all traits. The H11, H13, H14, H21, H22, and H33 hybrids are promising because of their better performance per se and higher heterosis.

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Hao, Mengmeng, Jingying Fu, Dong Jiang, Xiaoxi Yan, Shuai Chen, and Fangyu Ding. "Sustainable Development of Sweet Sorghum-Based Fuel Ethanol from the Perspective of Water Resources in China." Sustainability 10, no. 10 (September 26, 2018): 3428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10103428.

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Bioenergy is expected to play a key role in achieving a future sustainable energy system. Sweet sorghum-based fuel ethanol, one of the most promising bioenergy sources in China, has been receiving considerable attention. However, the conflict between sweet sorghum development and traditional water use has not been fully considered. The article presents an integrated method for evaluating water stress from sweet sorghum-based fuel ethanol in China. The region for developing sweet sorghum was identified from the perspective of sustainable development of water resources. First, the spatial distribution of the water demand of sweet sorghum-based fuel ethanol was generated with a Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) model coupled with Geo-Information System (GIS). Subsequently, the surplus of water resources at the provincial scale and precipitation at the pixel scale were considered during the growth period of sweet sorghum, and the potential conflicts between the supply and demand of water resources were analyzed at regional scale monthly. Finally, the development level of sweet sorghum-based fuel ethanol was determined. The results showed that if the pressure of water consumption of sweet sorghum on regional water resources was taken into account, about 23% of the original marginal land was not suitable for development of sweet sorghum-based fuel ethanol, mainly distributed in Beijing, Hebei, Ningxia, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Tianjin. In future energy planning, the water demand of energy plants must be fully considered to ensure its sustainable development.

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Behling Neto, Arthur, Rafael Henrique Pereira dos Reis, Luciano da Silva Cabral, Joadil Gonçalves de Abreu, Daniel de Paula Sousa, and Fabiano Gama de Sousa. "Nutritional value of sorghum silage of different purposes." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 41, no. 3 (June 2017): 288–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542017413038516.

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ABSTRACT Sorghum is a crop that stands out as an alternative to corn due to lower soil fertility demand and increased tolerance to drought. Lack of information about the qualitative behaviour of sorghum hinders the recommendation of different purpose sorghum cultivars. The goal was to evaluate the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of different purpose sorghum cultivar silages, at two cropping seasons. The trial was conducted at the Plant Production Department, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rondônia, Colorado do Oeste campus, and chemical analyses and in vitro incubation were performed at the Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá campus. The experimental design was a randomized block with a split-plot arrangement and four replications. Plot treatments consisted of six different purpose sorghum cultivars (BRS 308 and BRS 310, grain sorghum; BR 655 and BRS 610, forage sorghum; and BRS 506 and CMSXS 647, sweet sorghum). Split-plot treatments consisted of two cropping periods (first crop and second crop). Forage sorghum cultivar BRS 655 demonstrated higher non-fiber carbohydrate content and lower potentially digestible fibre content than the other cultivars did. Sweet sorghum cultivars had higher levels of water soluble carbohydrates and non-protein nitrogen based on protein, lower indigestible neutral detergent fibre content at second crop, and higher in vitro dry matter digestibility than the other cultivars. The silages of sweet sorghum cultivars BRS 506 and CMSXS 647, and forage sorghum cultivar BRS 655 presented higher nutritional values.

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Karl S. Noah and James C. Linden. "Countercurrent Diffuser Theory Applied to Sweet Sorghum Silage." Transactions of the ASAE 32, no. 4 (1989): 1426–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.31166.

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Kovtunova, N. A., and V. V. Kovtunov. "THE USE OF SWEET SORGHUM AS A SOURCE OF NUTRITIOUS SUBSTANCES FOR HUMAN (LITERATURE REVIEW)." Grain Economy of Russia, no. 3 (July 17, 2019): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.31367/2079-8725-2019-63-3-3-9.

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At present many countries are actively working over the use of sorghum in the food industry as juice, syrup, as well as for the production of alcohol and bioethanol. We do not consider the use of sweet sorghum as a sugar substitute in the food industry and a source of renewable energy in Russia. The main purpose of sorghum, until recently, was fodder. Green mass of sweet sorghum can be used to produce green fodder, hay, haylage, silage, grass meal, granules, etc. In terms of nutritional value, sorghum syrup is next best to sugar-containing products from sugar beet, sugar cane, while its cultivation is more economical and its yields are more stable in any conditions of cultivation. Sweet sorghum syrup in its pure form is more easily digested by the human body than in crystals, and may be used in the production of healthy food consumed by everyone including people with diabetes. This allows us to conclude about the relevance of these studies. Thus, the ARC “Donskoy” varieties, harvested in the phase of ‘wax ripeness of kernels’, produced 37–46 t/ha of green mass with 13–16% sugar in the juice of the stems, and the yield of ‘liquid’ sugar was 2.86–3.81 t/ha. In this country sorghum is unfortunately paid too little attention from both science and production. To sow fodder sweet sorghum on 10–20 hectare is not difficult, and the efficiency of such sowing is quite obvious: about 25 tons of seeds of sweet sorghum, about 65 tons of leaves, stems for silage or hay, about 10 tons of food syrup and more than 100 tons of pulp or bagasse used for making high-quality silage can be obtained from 10 hectares. Sorghum syrup is the most valuable product that can be used in the confectionery industry and in the feeding of all animals.

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Kashapov, N. F., M. M. Nafikov, M. X. Gazetdinov, M. M. Nafikova, and A. R. Nigmatzyanov. "Innovative production technology ethanol from sweet sorghum." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 134 (June 2016): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/134/1/012012.

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Souza, Renan Silva e., Rafael Augusto da Costa Parrella, Vander Fillipe de Souza, and Nádia Nardely Lacerda Durães Parrella. "Maturation curves of sweet sorghum genotypes." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 40, no. 1 (February 2016): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542016000100004.

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ABSTRACT Sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] stands out as a complementary crop to sugarcane Saccharum spp. for the production of ethanol, since it has juicy stems with directly fermentable sugars. Due to this fact, there is a need for the analysis of sweet sorghum properties in order to meet the agro-industry demand. This work aimed to develop and study the maturation curves of seven sweet sorghum cultivars in ten harvest dates. The results showed a significant difference between cultivars and harvest dates for all parameters analysed (p≤0.01). Regarding the sugar content, the cultivars BRS508, XBWS80147 and CMSX629 showed the highest means for the total reducing sugars (TRS) and recoverable sugar (RS). In the production of ethanol per tonne of biomass (EP), the cultivars BRS508 and CMSX629 presented the best results.

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Jiang, Dong, Tian Ma, Fangyu Ding, Jingying Fu, Mengmeng Hao, Qian Wang, and Shuai Chen. "Mapping Global Environmental Suitability for Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench." Energies 12, no. 10 (May 20, 2019): 1928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12101928.

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Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, called sweet sorghum, is a drought-resistant and heat-tolerant plant used for ethanol bioenergy production, and is able to reduce the competition between growing crops for energy vs. growing crops for food. Quantitatively mapping the marginal lands of sweet sorghum is essential for the development of sorghum-based fuel ethanol production. However, knowledge of the contemporary marginal lands of sweet sorghum remains incomplete, and usually relies on sample data or is evaluated at a national or regional scale based on established rules. In this study, a novel method was demonstrated for mapping the global marginal lands of sweet sorghum based on a machine learning model. The total amount of global marginal lands suitable for sweet sorghum is 4802.21 million hectares. The model was applied to training and validation samples, and achieved high predictive performance, with the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) values of 0.984 and 0.978, respectively. In addition, the results illustrate that maximum annual temperature contributes more than do other variables to the predicted distribution of sweet sorghum and has a contribution rate of 40.2%.

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Ariyajaroenwong, Pongthep, Pattana Laopaiboon, Prasit Jaisil, and Lakkana Laopaiboon. "Repeated-Batch Ethanol Production from Sweet Sorghum Juice by Saccharomyces cerevisiae Immobilized on Sweet Sorghum Stalks." Energies 5, no. 4 (April 23, 2012): 1215–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en5041215.

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Ariyajarearnwong, P., P. Laopaiboon, and L. Laopaiboon. "Repeated-batch ethanol fermentation from sweet sorghum juice by Saccharomyces cerevisiae immobilized on sweet sorghum stalk." Journal of Biotechnology 150 (November 2010): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2010.08.394.

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Rono, Justice K., Erick K. Cheruiyot, Jacktone O. Othira, and Virginia W. Njuguna. "Cane Yield and Juice Volume Determine Ethanol Yield in Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)." International Journal of Applied Science 1, no. 2 (October 30, 2018): p29. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/ijas.v1n2p29.

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Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) contains fermentable sugars in the stem that can be converted to ethanol. The current study aimed at evaluating the performance of three sweet sorghum genotypes with five checks and contributes towards availing suitable sweet sorghum for industrial ethanol production. Field studies were carried out in Kenya at varied locations in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Sorghum was harvested at hard dough stage of grain development and evaluated for several stem juice production traits including plant height, cane yield, juice volume, degrees Brix, total, reducing, and non-reducing sugars, and ethanol yield via juice fermentation. Analyses of variance using SAS version 9.1 showed a significant effect of genotype for morphological characters and ethanol yield. Genotype EUSS10 produced the greatest cane (27.4 T/ha) and juice yield (7806.7 L/ha) whereas ACFC003/12 recorded the greatest ethanol yield (423.1 L/ha). At all sites, EUSS10 had the greatest plant height and days to 50% heading whereas SS04 had the greatest Brix and total sugar concentration. The greatest grain yield and non-reducing sugar concentration was produced by SS17 and SS21, respectively. Results of this study show that though Brix and total sugars are desirable for ethanol yield, cane yield, and juice volume of sweet sorghum determines the ultimate volume of ethanol produced.

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Alhaag, Hager, Xianjun Yuan, Azizza Mala, Junfeng Bai, and Tao Shao. "Fermentation Characteristics of Lactobacillus Plantarum and Pediococcus Species Isolated from Sweet Sorghum Silage and Their Application as Silage Inoculants." Applied Sciences 9, no. 6 (March 25, 2019): 1247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9061247.

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This study aims to evaluate the fermentation characteristics of Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus spp isolated from sweet sorghum silage to enhance the fermentation quality of Napier grass and sweet sorghum silage. Based on molecular 16S ribosomal ribonucleic identification the isolated strains were phylogenetically related to Lactobacillus plantarum (HY1), Pediococcus acidilactici (HY2) and Pediococcus claussenii (HY3). Strains HY1, HY2 and HY3 and commercial bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum, Ecosyl; (MTD\1( were ensiled with sweet sorghum and Napier grass and the non-inoculated grasses, have been arranged in a completely randomized experimental design in a 5 (inoculants) × 3 (ensiling periods). In both grasses, the fermentation characteristics chemical composition and microbial population were assessed at 5–30 and 90 days of ensiling. The results showed that the effect of addition inoculants significantly reduced (p < 0.05) the pH, ammonia-N, acetic acid and undesirable microbial population and increased (p < 0.05) lactic acid and lactic acid bacteria counting when compared to the control. The effect of ensiling days on silage quality through the increasing lactic acid, acetic acid, ammonia-N, propionic acid and butyric acid whereas decreasing pH and water-soluble carbohydrates and microbial counts. In both sweet sorghum and Napier silage treated with isolated strains showed the best results in silage quality. The HY3 belongs to Pediococcus claussenii was not extensively studied in silage but it has shown good fermentation quality which strongly recommended to apply as probiotic.

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Kurle, J. E., C. C. Sheaffer, R. K. Crookston, R. H. Peterson, H. Chester-Jones, and W. E. Lueschen. "Popcorn, Sweet Corn, and Sorghum as Alternative Silage Crops." Journal of Production Agriculture 4, no. 3 (July 1991): 432–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jpa1991.0432.

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Felix, A., and A. O. Funso. "Digestibility and nitrogen balance in lambs fed grain sorghum silage, sweet sorghum silage or fescue hay." Small Ruminant Research 14, no. 1 (June 1994): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-4488(94)90006-x.

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Rakhmetova, Svitlana O., Olena M. Vergun, Rostislav Y. Blume, Oleksandr P. Bondarchuk, Oksana V. Shymanska, Sergii P. Tsygankov, Alla I. Yemets, Yaroslav B. Blume, and Dzhamal B. Rakhmetov. "Ethanol Production Potential of Sweet Sorghum in North and Central Ukraine." Open Agriculture Journal 14, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 321–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874331502014010321.

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Background: Sweet sorghum (Sorghum saccharatum (L.) Moench) is a unique crop with great potential to serve both the food and energy industries. It is due to the possibility of (bio)ethanol production both from the juice and biomass of this crop. The sorghum stems juice contains sugar in the levels similar to that of sugarcane. Besides, low cultivation requirements for the sweet sorghum make this crop even more attractive for sugar and ethanol production. In terms of technology, sweet sorghum is seen as a transitional feedstock for the first to the second generation bioethanol production. However, effective technological development of the plant cultivation and processing in the Northern and Central Ukraine is restrained by the lack of a collection of sweet sorghum genotypes and adapted varieties for its large-scale cultivation. Additionally, no evaluations of potential (bio)ethanol productivity have been performed for this region, which is important for efficient implementation of novel biofuel-producing technologies and for successful development of a green economy. Objective: This research was aimed to create a pool of sweet sorghum genotypes with the involvement of worldwide germplasm, analyze their morphology and breed high-yielding plant lines for the efficient production of liquid biofuels for second-generation bioenergy. Based on that, we also aimed to explore the prospects regarding the efficiency of sweet sorghum cultivation for (bio)ethanol production in the Northern and Central Ukraine. Methods and Materials: A valuable gene pool of S. saccharatum (L.) Moench (41 samples) was created; in particular, high-performance genotypes were created for cultivation under the soil-climatic conditions of Ukraine. The bio-morphological features and the yield potential of the plants were determined and the biochemical composition of the phyto-raw materials was determined in different periods of vegetation, in particular, during the technical ripeness of the above-ground mass of plants. The more productive forms and varieties of sugar sorghum in terms of yield, dry matter content, sugar, and energy value of biomass during flowering and waxy ripeness are highlighted. The technological properties of plant biomass for the production of alternative liquid fuels (in particular, bioethanol) have been analyzed. Importantly, optimal cultivation conditions have been elaborated for the newly created sweet sorghum genotypes, and their productivity has also been evaluated. Moreover, for the first time, a detailed study on potential ethanol yield has been conducted. Results: Sweet sorghum has considerable potential in Ukraine as a new sugar-producing energy crop. The germplasm collection of this crop has been created (41 accessions), including introduced and acclimated genotypes and newly bred lines and varieties. The biological performance of sorghum in Ukraine and plant morphology have been analyzed. The most promising genotypes were used for breeding of new high-productive sweet sorghum varieties. The potential (bio)ethanol yield for different sugar feedstocks (juice, grain bagasse) can reach up to 11423 L/ha in total from juice, grain and bagasse. Conclusion: The estimated values of ethanol productivity are comparable to the results of other similar investigations. In conclusion, a high performance of sweet sorghum in Ukraine can be suggested.

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Zhou, Guang Qi, Dong Mei Qi, Yin Guo, Xue Liang Zhang, and Jing Xian Zhai. "New Production Method of Ethanol with Sweet Sorghum." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 1055–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.1055.

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This paper is about fermentation production of ethanol using sweet sorghum stalks as raw material. Content: The soluble part and insoluble part of sweet sorghum stalks are treated separately then ferment by the self-immobilized yeast after adding the nutrient salts. Results: after first squeezing of the stem, the sap is obtained. The slag is treated with acid, alkali and ultrasonic, then hydrolyzed by the Trichoderma viride L21 fermentation broth or directly by cellulase, and the total yield of reducing sugar is 73.22%. The power of ultrasonic is 60w and opens for 1s intervals 6s in total 20min to make obvious damage to fiber structure. The chemical compositions of sap are analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy and high performance liquid chromatographic. The response surface analysis is used to optimize the adding amount of the CO(NH2)2, MgSO4, KH2PO4, CaCl2, FeCl3 and so on. At last self-immobilized Saccharmyces cerevisiae FFCC2167 which has agglutination characteristic is used for fermentation. Ethanol production is 100.44 g • L-1, and the yield efficiency is 93.24％.

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Sun, Qing, Shu He Huang, Shi Yan Gu, Feng Qin Zhao, Jing Feng Ge, and Wei Ming Yi. "Study on Ethanol Production from Sweet Sorghum Straw." Advanced Materials Research 724-725 (August 2013): 423–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.724-725.423.

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In this paper, the sweet sorghum straw by alkali pretreatment has been fermented to alcohol with synchronized hydrolysis and fermentation technology. According to the quadratic orthogonal rotating of four factors combination experimental design, the test studied the relationship between the nutrient additive amount about (NH4)2SO4, KH2PO4, MgSO4·7H2O, CaCl2 and alcohol yield, meanwhile this fermentation 1conditions were optimized. By analysis, these factors impacted alcohol yield and the mathematical equations has been established about four factors on the yield of alcohol. The results showed that a significant regression equation was obtained. The optimum conditions for alcohol yield are obtained, (NH4)2SO4 0.09 percent, KH2PO4 0.1 percent, MgSO4·7H2O 0.414 percent, CaCl2 0.385 percent, at this time alcohol yield is 13.07 percent (by weight).

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27

Yimwaree, Nattakan, and Dr Kittichai Triratanasirichai. "Distillation Ethanol From Sweet Sorghum by Reflux Distillation." Khon Kaen University Journal (Graduate Studies) 11, no. 4 (October 1, 2011): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5481/kkujgs.2011.11.4.3.

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M. Sankar, M. Sankar, and M. Seethalakshmi M. Seethalakshmi. "Ethanol Production from Cheese Whey with Sweet Sorghum." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 2 (October 1, 2011): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/feb2013/1.

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29

Kargi, Fikret, James A. Curme, and John J. Sheehan. "Solid-state fermentation of sweet sorghum to ethanol." Biotechnology and Bioengineering 27, no. 1 (January 1985): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260270106.

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Cundiff, John S., and David H. Vaughan. "Sweet sorghum for ethanol industry for the Piedmont." Energy in Agriculture 6, no. 2 (August 1987): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-5826(87)90011-8.

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31

Worley, J. W., D. H. Vaughan, and J. S. Cundiff. "Energy analysis of ethanol production from sweet sorghum." Bioresource Technology 40, no. 3 (January 1992): 263–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(92)90153-o.

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Oyier, Moses Owuor, James O. Owuoche, Maurice E. Oyoo, Erick Cheruiyot, Betty Mulianga, and Justice Rono. "Effect of Harvesting Stage on Sweet Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Genotypes in Western Kenya." Scientific World Journal 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8249532.

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Harvesting stage of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) cane is an important aspect in the content of sugar for production of industrial alcohol. Four sweet sorghum genotypes were evaluated for harvesting stage in a randomized complete block design. In order to determine sorghum harvest growth stage for bioethanol production, sorghum canes were harvested at intervals of seven days after anthesis. The genotypes were evaluated at different stages of development for maximum production of bioethanol from flowering to physiological maturity. The canes were crushed and juice fermented to produce ethanol. Measurements of chlorophyll were taken at various stages as well as panicles from the harvested canes. Dried kernels at 14% moisture content were also weighed at various stages. Chlorophyll, grain weight, absolute ethanol volume, juice volume, cane yield, and brix showed significant (p=0.05) differences for genotypes as well as the stages of harvesting. Results from this study showed that harvesting sweet sorghum at stages IV and V (104 to 117 days after planting) would be appropriate for production of kernels and ethanol. EUSS10 has the highest ethanol potential (1062.78 l ha−1) due to excellent juice volume (22976.9 l ha−1) and EUSS11 (985.26 l ha−1) due to its high brix (16.21).

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Dong, Xicun, Wenjian Li, Ruiyuan Liu, and Wenting Gu. "Brief Overview of Sweet Sorghum Irradiated by Carbon Ion Beam." Journal of Agricultural Science 9, no. 8 (July 18, 2017): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v9n8p74.

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Sweet sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a C4 plant characterized by a high photosynthetic efficiency and a high biomass- and sugar- yielding crop. However, the current varieties of sweet sorghum cannot meet the rapid growth demand for bio-ethanol production because of its low sugar content in China. To breed novel varieties to provide excellent raw materials for bio-ethanol production, the dry seeds were irradiated by carbon ion beam irradiation with different doses in sweet sorghum, resulting in acquiring an early-maturity mutant at 80 Gy dose, which the growth period was stably shortened for around 20 days compared to wild-type plant. In this paper, we briefly summarized the biological effects induced by carbon ion beam, the characters of early-maturity mutant, and revealed corresponding mechanisms from the point of view of morphological, physiological and molecular levels. In conclusion, there were significant effects on sweet sorghum irradiated by carbon ion beam.

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34

Tew, Thomas L., Robert M. Cobill, and Edward P. Richard. "Evaluation of Sweet Sorghum and Sorghum × Sudangrass Hybrids as Feedstocks for Ethanol Production." BioEnergy Research 1, no. 2 (June 2008): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-008-9013-y.

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Lueschen, W. E., D. H. Putnam, B. K. Kanne, and T. R. Hoverstad. "Agronomic Practices for Production of Ethanol from Sweet Sorghum." Journal of Production Agriculture 4, no. 4 (October 1991): 619–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/jpa1991.0619.

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V. G. Reidenbach and C. G. Coble. "Sugarcane or Sweet Sorghum Processing Techniques for Ethanol Production." Transactions of the ASAE 28, no. 2 (1985): 571–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.32300.

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Chavan, U. D., J. V. Patil, and M. S. Shinde. "An assessment of sweet sorghum cultivars for ethanol production." Sugar Tech 11, no. 4 (December 2009): 319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12355-009-0056-y.

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Dalvi, U. S., U. D. Chavan, M. S. Shinde, and S. R. Gadakh. "Assessment of Sweet Sorghum Cultivars for Efficient Ethanol Production." Sugar Tech 13, no. 3 (August 26, 2011): 186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12355-011-0094-0.

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Zhang, Caixia, Gaodi Xie, Shimei Li, Liqiang Ge, and Tingting He. "The productive potentials of sweet sorghum ethanol in China." Applied Energy 87, no. 7 (July 2010): 2360–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.12.017.

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Maw, Michael J. W., James H. Houx, and Felix B. Fritschi. "Sweet sorghum ethanol yield component response to nitrogen fertilization." Industrial Crops and Products 84 (June 2016): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.01.038.

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Ariyajaroenwong, Pongthep, Pattana Laopaiboon, Apilak Salakkam, Penjit Srinophakun, and Lakkana Laopaiboon. "Kinetic models for batch and continuous ethanol fermentation from sweet sorghum juice by yeast immobilized on sweet sorghum stalks." Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers 66 (September 2016): 210–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2016.06.023.

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Funnell-Harris, Deanna L., Patrick M. O’Neill, Scott E. Sattler, and Melinda K. Yerka. "Response of Sweet Sorghum Lines to Stalk Pathogens Fusarium thapsinum and Macrophomina phaseolina." Plant Disease 100, no. 5 (May 2016): 896–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-09-15-1050-re.

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Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) has potential for bioenergy. It is adapted to a variety of U.S. locations and the extracted juice can be directly fermented into ethanol. However, little research on fungal stalk rots, diseases that pose serious constraints for yield and quality of juice and biomass, has been reported. A greenhouse bioassay was designed to assess charcoal rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) and Fusarium stalk rot (Fusarium thapsinum) in plants at maturity, the developmental stage at which these diseases are manifested. Multiple plantings of a susceptible grain line, RTx430, were used as a control for variation in flowering times among sweet sorghum lines. Lesion length measurements in inoculated peduncles were used to quantify disease severity. Sweet sorghum lines ‘Rio’ and ‘M81E’ exhibited resistance to F. thapsinum and M. phaseolina, respectively; and, in contrast, ‘Colman’ sorghum exhibited susceptibility to both pathogens. Lesion development over time in Colman was monitored. These results will enhance molecular and biochemical analyses of responses to pathogens, and breeding stalk-rot-resistant sweet sorghum lines.

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Kharytonov, M. M., M. G. Babenko, V. I. Kozechko, N. V. Martynova, V. L. Hamandii, and O. O. Mytsyk. "Sweet Sorghum Raw Material Production on Reclaimed Lands." Agrology 4, no. 2 (2021): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32819/021010.

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Bioenergetic characteristics of quantitative and qualitative properties of sweet sorghumhybrids are provided on the basis of a comprehensive study under conditions of cultivationon reclaimed lands. The results of studying the growth and yield characteristics of hybrids ofdomestic and American selection during four years from 2016 to 2019 under the conditions of thePokrov educational and scientific station of land reclamation DSAEU are presented. The height ofthe crop stands varied from 235.3 to 300.0 cm when growing sweet sorghum on various substratesof mining formations. The lowest yield of green biomass was observed mainly on gray-green clay(38.1 t/ha), and the highest – on loess-like loam (101.0 t/ha). Fertililizing with nitrogen fertilizerand biohumate by fertigation helped to strengthen vertical growth, increase the yield of greenbiomass and sweet sorghum grains. The greatest effect was obtained for American hybrids. ForUkrainian hybrids, the application of nitrogen fertilizers had a positive effect on black soil andloess-like loam while the effect of biohumate was noticed only on loess-like loam. Long-termresearch of the sweet sorghum hybrids allowed us to evaluate the studied objects by the level ofpossible production of green biomass and theoretical bioethanol. Ukrainian hybrids Medove andZubr using allow to produce on marginal lands from 3600 to 4250 l/ha of ethanol. The potential ofAmerican hybrids SS506 and Mohawk is slightly lower – 3150–3400 l/ha. Fertigation with nitrogenfertilizer increases the yield of theoretical ethanol from 27% to 68%, irrigation and additionof biohumate – from 15% to 36%

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Gomes-Rocha, Françoise Mara, Antônio Ricardo Evangelista, Norberto Silva Rocha, Tatiana Oliveira da Silva, Luiza Rodrigues Alves Abreu, Marluci Olicio Ortêncio, Cintia Gonçalves Guimarães, and Caroline Salezzi Bonfá. "Fermentation characteristics and bromatological composition of sweet sorghum bagasse silages." Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal 19, no. 2 (April 2018): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-99402018000200002.

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SUMARY The aim of this study was to evaluate conservation characteristics of sweet sorghum bagasse silages. The experiment was carried out at Fazenda Rio Manso, an experimental unit of the Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys. Twenty-five sorghum cultivars with three replicates were used in a completely randomized design. The juice was extracted from the plant through an electric mill, generating bagasse, which was ground in a stationary silage machine, added of its panicles, and then introduced into experimental silos. Silages of the varieties BR505; CMSXS629; CMSXS635; CMSXS639; CMSXS643; CMSXS646; V82391 and V82392 presented lower rate of total dry matter recovery and, consequently, higher gas losses. The means of dry matter contents of bagasse and silage were 32.80 and 28.55%, respectively. The cultivars BR501; XBSW80147; BR505; CMSXS629; CMSXS633; CMSXS634; CMSXS635; CMSXS639; CMSXS643; CMSXS644; CMSXS648; BRS601; Sugargraze; V82391; V82392 and V82393 showed higher crude protein levels. The cultivar CMSXS642 presented lower neutral and acid detergent fiber content: 39.23 and 19.23%, respectively. The cultivar XBSW80147 showed lower acid detergent fiber content. Means of 3.49 for pH and 0.96 for water activity were recorded. The cultivars BR501 and BRS601 showed higher values of electrical conductivity: 0.93 and 0.95 S/cm, respectively. Higher levels of ammoniacal nitrogen were only observed in cultivars BR501; CMSXS629; CMSXS636; CMSXS648 and V82392. Sorghum bagasse silages presented adequate conservation inside the silos, according to the evaluated variables.

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LIMA, MARIUCÉLIO SANTOS, CAIO QUERNE DE CARVALHO, LUCAS MATHEUS PADOVESE, LUIZ AUGUSTO INOJOSA FERREIRA, RUBÉM SILVÉRIO DE OLIVERIA JUNIOR, and DENIS FERNANDO BIFFE. "HERBICIDE SELECTIVITY IN PREEMERGENCE OF SWEET SORGHUM CULTIVATED IN DIFFERENT SOIL TEXTURE." Revista Brasileira de Milho e Sorgo 19 (December 22, 2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18512/rbms2020v19e1128.

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Sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is an interesting alternativefor biomass and ethanol production, however, so far there is very limited knowledge regarding selective herbicide options for weed control in this crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate the selectivity of preemergence herbicides for sweet sorghum. This research was composed by two steps: in the first one, a greenhouse screening was carried out with several herbicide treatments and in the following step the most selective treatments were evaluated on field conditions. In sandy clay loam texture soil, the treatments involving atrazine (1000 and 2000 g ha-1), amicarbazone (210 g ha-1), trifluralin (500 g ha-1) and flumioxazin (25 g ha-1) provided the greatest levels of selectivity to sweet sorghum. In clay soil (64.7% clay), the treatments with atrazine (1000, 1500 and 2000 g ha-1), amicarbazone (280 g ha-1), S-metolachlor (480 g ha-1), [atrazine + S-metolachlor] ([601+471,2 g ha-1), pendimethalin (500 g ha-1) and imazethapyr (42.4 and 63.6 g ha-1) provided the lowest levels of crop injury, and were considered as the most selective for sweet sorghum. Herbicide treatments applied to sandy clay loam soil provided more injuries to sweet sorghum than those applied to clay soil.

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Luo, Zhenglin, Lijun Wang, and Abolghasem Shahbazi. "Optimization of ethanol production from sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) juice using response surface methodology." Biomass and Bioenergy 67 (August 2014): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.04.003.

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Nghiem, Nhuan P., and Matthew J. Toht. "Pretreatment of Sweet Sorghum Bagasse for Ethanol Production Using Na2CO3 Obtained by NaOH Absorption of CO2 Generated in Sweet Sorghum Juice Ethanol Fermentation." Fermentation 5, no. 4 (October 24, 2019): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation5040091.

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(1) Background: Commercial production of fuel ethanol currently uses sugarcane and corn as feedstocks. Attempts to develop other renewable feedstocks that are more abundant have led to lignocellulosic biomass, which requires pretreatment prior to enzymatic hydrolysis to generate fermentable sugars. One of the largest cost components of pretreatment is chemical cost. Ethanol fermentation also produces large quantities of CO2 as a co-product contributing to global warming. (2) Methods: Sweet sorghum has emerged as a potential new feedstock for ethanol production. In the present study, the CO2 produced in sweet sorghum juice (SSJ) fermentation was captured by absorption in 5 M NaOH. The resultant Na2CO3 solution was used for pretreatment of sweet sorghum bagasse (SSB), which is the solid residue in SSJ extraction. The pretreated SSB was fermented in SSJ to produce additional ethanol. (3) Results: CO2 absorption efficiency of 92.0% was observed. Pretreatment of SSB by the obtained Na2CO3 solution resulted in no loss of glucan and only 8.1 wt% loss of xylan. Ethanol yield from glucan in the pretreated SSB was 81.7% theoretical. (4) Conclusions: CO2 from SSJ fermentation captured as Na2CO3 could be used for efficient SSB pretreatment. Further study focusing on pretreatment process optimization is needed.

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Rono, Justice Kipkorir, Erick Kimutai Cheruiyot, Jacktone Odongo Othira, Virginia Wanjiku Njuguna, Joseph Kinyoro Macharia, James Owuoche, Moses Oyier, and Alex Machio Kange. "Adaptability and Stability Study of Selected Sweet Sorghum Genotypes for Ethanol Production under Different Environments Using AMMI Analysis and GGE Biplots." Scientific World Journal 2016 (2016): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4060857.

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The genotype and environment interaction influences the selection criteria of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) genotypes. Eight sweet sorghum genotypes were evaluated at five different locations in two growing seasons of 2014. The aim was to determine the interaction between genotype and environment on cane, juice, and ethanol yield and to identify best genotypes for bioethanol production in Kenya. The experiments were conducted in a randomized complete block design replicated three times. Sorghum canes were harvested at hard dough stage of grain development and passed through rollers to obtain juice that was then fermented to obtain ethanol. Cane, juice, and ethanol yield was analyzed using the additive main effect and multiplication interaction model (AMMI) and genotype plus genotype by environment (GGE) biplot. The combined analysis of variance of cane and juice yield of sorghum genotypes showed that sweet sorghum genotypes were significantly (P<0.05) affected by environments (E), genotypes (G) and genotype by environment interaction (GEI). GGE biplot showed high yielding genotypes EUSS10, ACFC003/12, SS14, and EUSS11 for cane yield; EUSS10, EUSS11, and SS14 for juice yield; and EUSS10, SS04, SS14, and ACFC003/12 for ethanol yield. Genotype SS14 showed high general adaptability for cane, juice, and ethanol yield.

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Baah Appiah-Nkansah, Nana, Jun Li, Ke Zhang, Meng Zhang, and Donghai Wang. "Study on Mass Transfer Kinetics of Sugar Extraction from Sweet Sorghum Biomass via Diffusion Process and Ethanol Yield Using SSF." Processes 7, no. 3 (March 5, 2019): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7030137.

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Sweet sorghum juice, a potential bioethanol feedstock, can be incorporated into the dry-grind ethanol process to improve sugar utilization efficiency, thereby enhancing ethanol yields. The juice is normally obtained by pressing the stalk through roller mills in tandem. Juice extraction by this process is known to be labor intensive, less efficient, and susceptible to considerable fermentable sugar loss due to microbial activities when stored at room temperature. Sweet sorghum juice extraction via diffusion has recently been proposed to improve sugar recovery efficiency. In this study, extraction kinetics based on the optimized diffusion parameters (8% grain loading, 85 °C, and 120 min) were determined to describe the mass transfer of sugars in sweet sorghum biomass during the diffusion process. Diffusion parameters obtained from previous studies were used to extract free sugars and convert them into ethanol using granular starch hydrolyzing enzymes (GSHE) and traditional enzymes. Ethanol yields at 72 h of fermentation mashes treated with GSHE and those with traditional enzymes were comparable (14.49–14.56%, v/v). Ethanol fermentation efficiencies also ranged from 88.92–92.02%.

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Olugbemi, Oluwatoyin, and Yekeen Abiola Ababyomi. "Effects of Nitrogen Application on Growth and Ethanol Yield of Sweet Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench] Varieties." Advances in Agriculture 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8329754.

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A study was carried out in two locations, Ilorin (8° 29′ N; 4° 35′ E; about 310 m asl) and Ejiba (8° 17′ N; 5° 39′ E; about 246 m asl), at the Southern Guinea Savannah agroecological zone of Nigeria to assess the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the growth and ethanol yield of four sweet sorghum varieties (NTJ-2, 64 DTN, SW Makarfi 2006, and SW Dansadau 2007). Five N fertilizer levels (0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 kg ha−1) were used in a 4 × 5 factorial experiment, laid out in split-plots arrangement. The application of nitrogen fertilizer was shown to enhance the growth of sweet sorghum as observed in the plant height, LAI, CGR, and other growth indices. Nitrogen fertilizer application also enhanced the ethanol yield of the crop, as variations in growth parameters and ethanol yield were observed among the four varieties studied. The variety SW Dansadau 2007 was observed as the most promising in terms of growth and ethanol yield, and the application of 120 kg N ha−1resulted in the best ethanol yield at the study area.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Sweet sorghum ethanol: Sweet sorghum silage'

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