Academic literature on the topic 'Switzerland (country of publication)'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Switzerland (country of publication).'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Switzerland (country of publication)"
1
Brüggmann, Dörthe, Jana Kollascheck, David Quarcoo, et al. "Ectopic pregnancy: exploration of its global research architecture using density-equalising mapping and socioeconomic benchmarks." BMJ Open 7, no. 10 (2017): e018394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018394.
Full textAbstract:
ObjectiveAbout 2% of all pregnancies are complicated by the implantation of the zygote outside the uterine cavity and termed ectopic pregnancy. Whereas a multitude of guidelines exists and related research is constantly growing, no thorough assessment of the global research architecture has been performed yet. Hence, we aim to assess the associated scientific activities in relation to geographical and chronological developments, existing research networks and socioeconomic parameters.DesignRetrospective, descriptive study.SettingOn the basis of the NewQIS platform, scientometric methods were combined with novel visualising techniques such as density-equalising mapping to assess the scientific output on ectopic pregnancy. Using the Web of Science, we identified all related entries from 1900 to 2012.Results8040 publications were analysed. The USA and the UK were dominating the field in regard to overall research activity (2612 and 723 publications), overall citation numbers and country-specific H-Indices (US: 80, UK: 42). Comparison to economic power of the most productive countries demonstrated that Israel invested more resources in ectopic pregnancy-related research than other nations (853.41 ectopic pregnancy-specific publications per 1000 billlion US$ gross domestic product (GDP)), followed by the UK (269.97). Relation to the GDP per capita index revealed 49.3 ectopic pregnancy-specific publications per US$1000 GDP per capita for the USA in contrast to 17.31 for the UK. Semiqualitative indices such as country-specific citation rates ranked Switzerland first (24.7 citations per ectopic pregnancy-specific publication), followed by the Scandinavian countries Finland and Sweden. Low-income countries did not exhibit significant research activities.ConclusionsThis is the first in-depth analysis of global ectopic pregnancy research since 1900. It offers unique insights into the global scientific landscape. Besides the USA and the UK, Scandinavian countries and Switzerland can also be regarded as leading nations with regard to their relative socioeconomic input.
2
Kučera, Zdeněk, and Tomáš Vondrák. "International cooperation in research and development of Artificial Intelligence – publication and patent activity." ERGO 14, no. 1 (2019): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ergo-2019-0001.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the dynamically evolving research fields on the global scale. The world production of publication associated with the AI field increased by a third over the four-year period 2013–2017. Even less research intensive countries as Iran, Turkey, India and Indonesia appear to increase the share of the AI topics in their publication output. In the Czech Republic the fraction of publications in the AI field increased by approximately 10 % over this period. It makes the lowest increase within the EU/EEA. The field normalized citation index of the Czech publications in the year 2016 was above the world average but it is deeply below the top countries USA, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Singapore, and Norway. The extent of international cooperation in AI is generally below the world average. The Czech Republic falls into the group of less cooperating countries. The countries exhibiting the highest growth in AI research are underrepresented in the Czech cooperation portfolio. The fraction of Czech publications in AI coauthored by foreign authors is lower than the national average. It indicates a lower international collaboration in comparison with other research fields. CR falls also in the group of countries less engaged in the international cooperation. The Czech international collaboration misses the countries exhibiting the most vigorous R&D in AI. The international collaboration adds to the quality of the research. The Czech publications originating from the international collaboration are cited above the country average for the AI field. It is even more significant in the collaboration with researchers from the top countries in the AI R&D. The patent activity in the AI field has grown significantly in recent years. There is a marked increase of patent applications having inventors/applicants from more than one country. It indicates that the applied R&D in AI has a more international character in comparison with other technology fields. A high intensity of collaboration in the authorship of patent applications is within language and geographically neighbouring countries and with countries having a highly internationalized R&D system. Multinational corporations involved in international innovation networks contribute also to the international cooperation. ICT corporations like IBM, Google, or Microsoft which often employ foreign researchers have a dominant role in international cooperation. The R&D of the Czech enterprises is relatively closed to the international cooperation. Domestic enterprises in AI use foreign employees in a small extent. The domestic enterprises even do not tap into the pool of intellectual property authored by the Czech researchers. The majority of patents with participation of Czech inventors is registered by foreign corporations.
3
Olson, Nasrine, and Juhee Bae. "Biosensors—Publication Trends and Knowledge Domain Visualization." Sensors 19, no. 11 (2019): 2615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19112615.
Full textAbstract:
The number of scholarly publications on the topic of biosensors has increased rapidly; as a result, it is no longer easy to build an informed overview of the developments solely by manual means. Furthermore, with many new research results being continually published, it is useful to form an up-to-date understanding of the recent trends or emergent directions in the field. This paper utilizes bibliometric methods to provide an overview of the developments in the topic based on scholarly publications. The results indicate an increasing interest in the topic of biosensor(s) with newly emerging sub-topics. The US is identified as the country with highest total contribution to this area, but as a collective, EU countries top the list of total contributions. An examination of trends over the years indicates that in recent years, China-based authors have been more productive in this area. If research contribution per capita is considered, Singapore takes the top position, followed by Sweden, Switzerland and Denmark. While the number of publications on biosensors seems to have declined in recent years in the PubMed database, this is not the case in the Web of Science database. However, there remains an indication that the rate of growth in the more recent years is slowing. This paper also presents a comparison of the developments in publications on biosensors with the full set of publications in two of the main journals in the field. In more recent publications, synthetic biology, smartphone, fluorescent biosensor, and point-of-care testing are among the terms that have received more attention. The study also identifies the top authors and journals in the field, and concludes with a summary and suggestions for follow up research.
4
Khyzhnyak, I. "An Australia`s Quest For Own Political Diversity: An Inside View (late the XIX-th – early the XX-th Centuries)." Problems of World History, no. 12 (September 29, 2020): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2020-12-5.
Full textAbstract:
The publication consists of the two parts. The first one has the characteristic features of the premier Constitution of Australia, which at that historical period, had to be considered as an intervening stage to obtain targeting independence and sovereignty so urgently strived for by that country. The key purpose for the country forming matter of the foregoing basic statute book was to ensure a juridical versatility of the machinery of the new state. The main plot of this principal legal document seemed to point out the presence of a certain dilemma along with its subjectly indexed initially forming constituents.
 Their first part was of an juridical content. The Constitution of Switzerland was chosen as an optional example and exposed it in the form of a full-scaled replica for the basic principal law of the above-mentioned country. The second part of it was lavishly marked with its clear-cut specific and historical character and called upon to faithfully reproduce a certain «safety cushion» to ensure successfully achieved harmony in operating the whole mechanism of the State government.
 The second part of the publication is dedicated to the historical activity of forming and developing of a certain rationally consistent formal and informal institutions as well as their impact on specific and historical determining elements to construct a new country in the Southern continent.
 So, as it is known, politics as a fundamental stuff of art gatherings inside all possible potentials define primarily means and resources of an entire compromise. And due to that its basic political model preferred by authoritative commanding establishment appeared to be as a perfect tool for veritable consensus. So, the mentioned pattern had been originated and settled with “a political treasure house” as well as being received by the Australian liberals as an inheritage from their British counterparts. And starting from that historical period and onwards among other rhetorical earnings of the local authoritative officers there had been occurring a firm political credo: “We’re always ready to make a compromise!”.
 And therefore the whole number of parties as well as the entire Australian political milieu, over the first decade of the XX-th century, inspite of all rather sharp confrontations among liberals, laborites, conservatives, social reformers, socialists and others, had also been keeping on to follow almost half of a century long historically lasted tour. And all that was performed to the key official political course responsive to the State’s national interests.
5
Harker, K. Neil, and John T. O'Donovan. "Recent Weed Control, Weed Management, and Integrated Weed Management." Weed Technology 27, no. 1 (2013): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-12-00109.1.
Full textAbstract:
Integrated weed management (IWM) can be defined as a holistic approach to weed management that integrates different methods of weed control to provide the crop with an advantage over weeds. It is practiced globally at varying levels of adoption from farm to farm. IWM has the potential to restrict weed populations to manageable levels, reduce the environmental impact of individual weed management practices, increase cropping system sustainability, and reduce selection pressure for weed resistance to herbicides. There is some debate as to whether simple herbicidal weed control programs have now shifted to more diverse IWM cropping systems. Given the rapid evolution and spread of herbicide-resistant weeds and their negative consequences, one might predict that IWM research would currently be a prominent activity among weed scientists. Here we examine the level of research activity dedicated to weed control techniques and the assemblage of IWM techniques in cropping systems as evidenced by scientific paper publications from 1995 to June 1, 2012. Authors from the United States have published more weed and IWM-related articles than authors from any other country. When IWM articles were weighted as a proportion of country population, arable land, or crop production, authors from Switzerland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Australia, and Canada were most prominent. Considerable evidence exists that research on nonherbicidal weed management strategies as well as strategies that integrate other weed management systems with herbicide use has increased. However, articles published on chemical control still eclipse any other weed management method. The latter emphasis continues to retard the development of weed science as a balanced discipline.
6
Redko, Andrey N., Tatyana A. Kovelina, Ekaterina L. Nikulina, Darya V. Veselova, and Mariya S. Kuzmenko. "Nikolay N. Petrov: Ethos of a Scientist and a Doctor." Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin 26, no. 5 (2019): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.25207/1608-6228-2019-26-5-143-152.
Full textAbstract:
Aim. In this work, the authors set out to perform a historical analysis of Nikolay Petrov’s life journey and scientific work, as well as to demonstrate the importance of the Kuban period in his formation as an individual, a scientist and as a founder of domestic medical deontology.Materials and methods. In this study, the authors used archival documents; works of Nikolay Petrov; as well as the following methods: historical-descriptive, comparative-historical, problem-chronological, biographical along with the method of monographic description.Results. The life and professional journey of Nikolay Petrov can be divided into several periods, each of them playing an important role in his formation as an individual and as a scientist. The fi rst period (‘St Petersburg period’) covers his brilliant upbringing, education at the Military Medical Academy in Saint Petersburg, work as a medical resident at the Surgery Department of the Academy, as well as the publication of his first scientific works and the defence of the doctoral thesis in medicine. During the second period (‘abroad period’), Nikolay Petrov completed advanced training at the Pasteur Institute and worked at the clinics of Switzerland, Austria and Germany. The third period (‘teaching period’) covers the time when Nikolay Petrov was simultaneously working as a surgeon and a teacher at the Military Medical Academy; his fundamental works on surgery and oncology were published. The forth ‘military period’ coincided with the years of the First World War when Nikolay Petrov worked as a surgeon at the hospitals of the Russian Red Cross Society while continuing his research. The fifth period (‘Kuban period’) coincided with the years of revolutionary upheavals, civil war and moving to Kuban. In 1917–1922 Nikolay Petrov had to choose between emigration and his motherland. He stayed true to his profession and his homeland. Nikolay Petrov devoted himself to serving the ‘new’ country, actively participated in the organisation of the Kuban Medical University and wrote a number of works on surgery, including the first work on medical deontology in the country. The sixth period is called ‘return to St Petersburg’ where in 1925 Nikolay Petrov organised the Oncology Department at the Mechnikov hospital, which under his guidance became the first research institute for oncology in our country. This period was marked by the recognition of his talent as a doctor and a scientist by the public and government.Conclusion. Nikolay Petrov‘s ethos as a scientist and a doctor was formed under the influence of his challenging life journey, with the Kuban period being a turning point in his life.
7
Meseguer-Sánchez, Víctor, Francisco Jesús Gálvez-Sánchez, Gabriel López-Martínez, and Valentín Molina-Moreno. "Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability. A Bibliometric Analysis of Their Interrelations." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (2021): 1636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13041636.
Full textAbstract:
Traditional economic system has brought important negative implications regarding environmental development, as well as an unequal distribution of wealth, which has led to ecological disasters and population imbalances. Considering the existence of unequal opportunities and access to resources in a global economy, it would be relevant to study the interrelations between the concepts of Sustainability and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Global and multifactorial issues require the review of fieldworks and their connections. From this perspective, the present research aims to analyze the relationships between the concepts of Corporate Social Responsibility and Sustainability in order to understand the advances of current scientific production and future lines of research. In this way, there is a considerable increase of interest in this line of research, highlighting García-Sánchez as the most productive author, Business, Management and Accounting as the most studied topic, and Sustainability Switzerland as the most productive journal. The country with the most publications and citations is the United States, and the most productive institution is Universidad de Salamanca. Future lines of research should focus on the social dimension and its possibilities in the field of Circular Economy. Finally, a line of research is proposed that also includes the proposals from the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals.
8
Anderson, Janet E., Karina Aase, Roland Bal, et al. "Multilevel influences on resilient healthcare in six countries: an international comparative study protocol." BMJ Open 10, no. 12 (2020): e039158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039158.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionResilient healthcare (RHC) is an emerging area of theory and applied research to understand how healthcare organisations cope with the dynamic, variable and demanding environments in which they operate, based on insights from complexity and systems theory. Understanding adaptive capacity has been a focus of RHC studies. Previous studies clearly show why adaptations are necessary and document the successful adaptive actions taken by clinicians. To our knowledge, however, no studies have thus far compared RHC across different teams and countries. There are gaps in the research knowledge related to the multilevel nature of resilience across healthcare systems and the team-based nature of adaptive capacity.This cross-country comparative study therefore aims to add knowledge of how resilience is enabled in diverse healthcare systems by examining adaptive capacity in hospital teams in six countries. The study will identify how team, organisational and national healthcare system factors support or hinder the ability of teams to adapt to variability and change. Findings from this study are anticipated to provide insights to inform the design of RHC systems by considering how macro-level and meso-level structures support adaptive capacity at the micro-level, and to develop guidance for organisations and policymakers.Methods and analysisThe study will employ a multiple comparative case study design of teams nested within hospitals, in turn embedded within six countries: Australia, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, Switzerland and the UK. The design will be based on the Adaptive Teams Framework placing adaptive teams at the centre of the healthcare system with layers of environmental, organisational and system level factors shaping adaptive capacity. In each of the six countries, a focused mapping of the macro-level features of the healthcare system will be undertaken by using documentary sources and interviews with key informants operating at the macro-level.A sampling framework will be developed to select two hospitals in each country to ensure variability based on size, location and teaching status. Four teams will be selected in each hospital—one each of a structural, hybrid, responsive and coordinating team. A total of eight teams will be studied in each country, creating a total sample of 48 teams. Data collection methods will be observations, interviews and document analysis. Within-case analysis will be conducted according to a standardised template using a combination of deductive and inductive qualitative coding, and cross-case analysis will be conducted drawing on the Qualitative Comparative Analysis framework.Ethics and disseminationThe overall Resilience in Healthcare research programme of which this study is a part has been granted ethical approval by the Norwegian Centre for Research Data (Ref. No. 8643334 and Ref. No. 478838). Ethical approval will also be sought in each country involved in the study according to their respective regulatory procedures. Country-specific reports of study outcomes will be produced for dissemination online. A collection of case study summaries will be made freely available, translated into multiple languages. Brief policy communications will be produced to inform policymakers and regulators about the study results and to facilitate translation into practice. Academic dissemination will occur through publication in journals specialising in health services research. Findings will be presented at academic, policy and practitioner conferences, including the annual RHC Network meeting and other healthcare quality and safety conferences. Presentations at practitioner and academic conferences will include workshops to translate the findings into practice and influence quality and safety programmes internationally.
9
Liew, Chee Hwui, and Gerard Thomas Flaherty. "View From Above: Bibliometric and Citation Analysis of Global High Altitude Medicine Research." International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health 8, no. 3 (2020): 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ijtmgh.2020.19.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: High altitude destinations are popular among international travelers. Travel medicine practitioners should be familiar with altitude physiology and high altitude illness recognition, prophylaxis, and management. We performed the first bibliometric analysis of high altitude medicine research. Methods: All articles published in a specialist high altitude medicine journal through April 2020 were mapped against the 34 domains in a theoretical body of knowledge. Citation counts of articles, as well as authors publishing the most articles, were obtained from Scopus. Collaboration analysis was performed using established methods. Results: Mapping of 1150 articles published from 2000 to 2020 identified the leading domains represented by high altitude medicine articles. The top five domains were altitude acclimatization and deterioration (19.4%, n=510); cardiovascular physiology (6.8%, n=180); work at altitude (6.6%, n = 174); acute mountain sickness (6.4%, n=169); respiratory and acid-base physiology (5.9%, n=155). Published articles attracted a total of 13,324 citations, with a mean of 11.6 citations per article. The average number of citations per author was 22.3. The USA was the most productive country with 432 publications (37.6%), followed by the UK (9.5%, n=109) and Switzerland (5.6%, n=64). The collaboration index for multi-authored publications increased from 3.8 in 2002 to 5.4 in 2019. Conclusion: We have performed the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis in high altitude medicine. Efforts to increase the research activity in neglected topics and to promote greater collaboration between high altitude medicine and related fields of study such as travel medicine may be worthwhile.
10
Sloboda, John A., and Jane Ginsborg. "25 years of ESCOM: Achievements and challenges." Musicae Scientiae 22, no. 2 (2018): 147–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1029864918764574.
Full textAbstract:
This reflection on the first 25 years of ESCOM’s activities is in two parts. In the first part we analyse the country and discipline spread of contributors to its journal Musicae Scientiae and its formal membership. In the second we address the choice of “cognitive sciences of music” as the initial focus of both Society and journal by comparing the topics of early meetings and publications with those that are current now. Journal contributors and members are both concentrated in a small number of countries. When corrected for population size, the countries with the highest levels of activity are, in order: Finland, Estonia, UK, Sweden, Germany, Belgium, Switzerland, and Austria. This has not changed substantially over the duration of ESCOM’s existence. In contrast, there have been significant changes in the disciplinary spread of contributions, psychology becoming increasingly popular in recent years to the near exclusion of some other disciplinary approaches including ethnomusicology, computational modelling and theoretical musicology. Current topics include performance and composition, emotion, musical development, perception, music therapy and well-being, music learning, preferences, cognition, and neuropsychological approaches. An early aspiration of the Society was that the wide range of disciplines represented by the cognitive sciences of music might eventually converge, but this has proved difficult to achieve. An increasing convergence on the use of English as its normative language, however, has provided ESCOM with both new challenges and some opportunities.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Switzerland (country of publication)"
1
Glamheden, Anna Helena. "Country-of-origin effects and consumer attitudes towards luxury brands -evidence from switzerland and singapore /." [St. Gallen] : [s.n.], 2006. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/520527690.pdf.
Full text
2
Fogel, Betty Cruikshank. "An Analysis of Methods of Promoting Country Music Records in the Atlanta, Georgia Area." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500568/.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined promoting recorded country music from Atlanta, Georgia, and explored why Atlanta is important in this field. It was learned, through interviews, that promoters wanted radio airplay and top trade publication chart ratings. Radio station program directors decided upon playlists from reading trade publications, efforts by record promoters, listener requests and focus groups, and from reported sales. Stores used album and poster displays, charts, and played music for promotion. The business is one of personalities and experience, as much as product promoted. Large conglomerates are fast changing it.
3
André, Pinto Pereira André Pinto. "How can forall phones, a portuguese SME operating in the thriving market of refurbished smartphones, successfully expand through Europe? Switzerland in-depth country analysis." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/107008.
Full text
4
Kaplan-Myrth, Nili. "Hard Yakka : a study of the community-government relations that shape Australian Aboriginal health policy and politics /." 2003. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=765029031&Fmt=7&clientId%20=43258&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Yale University, 2004.<br>Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Yale University in candidacy for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliography. Preview available online at: http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=765029031&Fmt=7&clientId%20=43258&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Books on the topic "Switzerland (country of publication)"
1
Brown, Clare. Karen Brown's Swiss country inns & itineraries. 2nd ed. Travel Press, 1993.
Find full text
2
Gabadinho, Alexis. Fertility and family surveys in countries of the ECE region, standard country report Switzerland. United Nations, 1999.
Find full text
3
World Bank. East Asia and Pacific Regional Office. Country Dept. I. Infrastructure Operations Division. [Publication of Infrastructure Operation Division, Country Dept. I, East Asia and Pacific Region, World Bank]. Infrastructure Operation Division, Country Dept. I, East Asia and Pacific Region, 1992.
Find full text
4
World Bank. East Asia and Pacific Regional Office. Country Dept. I. Infrastructure Operations Division. [Publication of Infrastructure Operation Division, Country Dept. I, East Asia and Pacific Region, World Bank]. Infrastructure Operation Division, Country Dept. I, East Asia and Pacific Region, 1992.
Find full text
5
Andreas, Grünig, and Eidgenössische Forschungsanstalt für Wald, Schnee und Landschaft., eds. Mires and man: Mire conservation in a densely populated country - the Swiss experience : excursion guide and symposium proceedings of the 5th Field Symposium of the International Mire Conservation Group (IMCG) to Switzerland 1992. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, 1994.
Find full text
7
Bradley, Clare. Venomous bites and stings in Australia to 2005. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2008.
Find full text
8
Johnston, Ingrid. Linking SAAP, child protection and juvenile justice data collections: A feasibility study. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2008.
Find full text
9
Johnston, Ingrid. Linking SAAP, child protection and juvenile justice data collections: A feasibility study. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2008.
Find full text
10
Jamieson, L. M. Oral health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, Dental Statistics and Research Unit, 2007.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Switzerland (country of publication)"
1
van Mosseveld, C. J. P. M., and P. van Son. "Country profile: Switzerland." In International Comparison of Health Care Data. Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4675-3_7.
Full text
2
Meyer, Frank. "Country Report “Switzerland”." In Legal Studies in International, European and Comparative Criminal Law. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55796-6_9.
Full text
3
Errass, Christoph. "Genetic Technology and Food Safety: Country Report – Switzerland." In Ius Comparatum - Global Studies in Comparative Law. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23995-8_8.
Full text
4
Leimgruber, Walter. "Rich Country—‘Poor’ Regions: Fighting Regional Disparities in Switzerland." In Responses to Geographical Marginality and Marginalization. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51342-9_4.
Full text
5
Aggarwal, Nikita, and Luciano Floridi. "Towards the Ethical Publication of Country of Origin Information (COI) in the Asylum Process." In The 2019 Yearbook of the Digital Ethics Lab. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29145-7_6.
Full text
6
Fitzgerald, Brian, Sampsung Xiaoxiang Shi, Cheryl Foong, and Kylie Pappalardo. "Country of Origin and Internet Publication: Applying the Berne Convention in the Digital Age." In Copyright Perspectives. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15913-3_4.
Full text
7
Hasenzahl, Lea, and Lorenzo Cantoni. "“Old” and “New” Media Discourses on Chinese Outbound Tourism to Switzerland Before and During the Covid-19 Outbreak. An Exploratory Study." In Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2021. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65785-7_50.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe paper presents an exploratory research focused on the themes concerning Chinese Outbound Tourism to Switzerland in the period from January 2019 to June 2020 including the Covid-19 outbreak. It analyses news media articles from Swiss-German print media covering tourism coming from China, including a visit by 12’000 Chinese travelers – an event extensively covered within Switzerland due to its exceptional number – up to recent times in which non-European tourists are almost absent from the country. The research aims at identifying the main themes being voiced in newspaper articles. It also tackles the themes mentioned in user-generated comments on Facebook on the same articles.
8
Gorraiz, Juan, Benedikt Blahous, and Martin Wieland. "Monitoring the Broader Impact of the Journal Publication Output on Country Level: A Case Study for Austria." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1053-9_4.
Full text
9
Mexi, Maria M., Paula Moreno Russi, and Eva Fernández Guzman. "‘Fortress’ Switzerland? Challenges to Integrating Migrants, Refugees and Asylum-Seekers." In IMISCOE Research Series. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67284-3_11.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractSwitzerland is recognised as an immigration country. As in other European countries, awareness of the socio-economic costs of the non-integration of immigrants has led Swiss policy-makers to promote integration both as an individual duty (conditional on the requirements and individual responsibilities of a foreign person), as well as a policy priority for stakeholders at federal, cantonal, and communal levels. This pragmatic, yet in some cases restrictive, approach to integration has evolved gradually over time and has been strengthened by the divisive debates around foreigners that surrounded the 2014 initiative against mass immigration. In this context, we seek to provide a timely analysis of the evolving legal and policy framework that regulates the integration of migrants, refugees and asylum-seekers (MRAs) into the Swiss labour market and society. While we shed light on the development and changes pertaining to the relevant legislative and institutional framework, we also highlight key aspects that play an obstructing role to immigrants’ integration. Ultimately, we contend that not only certain legislative and administrative aspects, but also direct democratic instruments have provided important disabling barriers to migrants’ integration as they have not effectively managed to challenge ‘Fortress’ actualities and exclusionary trajectories of boundary construction.
10
Nuhu, Hubeidatu, Jean-Paul Van Belle, and Marita Turpin. "Social Enablers and Constraints Related to the Publication and Use of Open Government Data in a Developing Country." In IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64697-4_8.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Switzerland (country of publication)"
1
Gandossi, Luca. "ENIQ European Framework on Risk Informed In-Service-Inspection." In ASME 2005 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2005-71749.
Full textAbstract:
The European Network for Inspection and Qualification (ENIQ) is a utility driven network working towards a harmonised European approach on reliable and effective in-service inspection (ISI). Its Steering Committee (SC) has one voting member for each EU member country with nuclear plants and for Switzerland. More specifically ENIQ works on qualification of ISI systems an on risk-informed in-service inspection (RI-ISI) within a European context. To reflect the latter, the SC set up a specific Task Group on Risk (TGR). The primary task for TGR was to produce a European framework document on RI-ISI, following the format of the well-established ENIQ document for qualification of NDT systems “European Methodology for Qualification, EUR 17299 EN”. The framework document for RI-ISI is a high-level document aimed at supporting utilities to implement RI-ISI and to interface with the nuclear regulators. Aim of this paper is to present the work of TGR so far and in particular the contents of the European framework document on RI-ISI, which has been recently approved for publication by ENIQ SC. It gives an overview of the philosophy behind a risk informed approach towards in service inspection and the principles of a risk informed in service inspection. It also defines how roles, responsibilities and interfaces between the different parties involved in a RI-ISI programme should be organised.
2
Rudin, C. "I19 Congenital toxoplasmosis – surveillance as key to inform the national prevention policy switzerland as a typical example of a low incidence country." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the Annual Conference, 13–15 March 2018, SEC, Glasgow, Children First – Ethics, Morality and Advocacy in Childhood, The Journal of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2018-rcpch.487.
Full text
3
Boarin, Sara, Giorgio Locatelli, Mauro Mancini, and Marco E. Ricotti. "Are SMR a Reasonable Choice for Switzerland? An Application of the INCAS Model." In ASME 2011 Small Modular Reactors Symposium. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smr2011-6591.
Full textAbstract:
Small countries can represent a suitable market for Small Medium Reactors (SMR). Among them Switzerland is one the more interesting since already hosts five commercial nuclear reactors; three of them are SMR (about 370 MWe) and two are large units (985 and 1165 MWe). Since the oldest units are about 40 year-old the Swiss utilities wereplanning to replace them while adding new nuclear power capacity to the portfolio mix.. Most recently, a radical re-thinking of the country energy policy is taking place as a Fukushima accident’s aftermath. Debate is about abandoning nuclear power and replacing it with renewable new capacity and import. “Economiesuisse, the umbrella organisation for Swiss business, considers a premature abandonment of atomic energy <irresponsible>. Without valid alternatives, Economiesuisse warns, abandoning the nuclear option will have serious consequences for Swiss industry”. Also “the environmental organisationsrecognise that the discussion on energy policy — which will really heat up with the parliamentary debate in June — is not solely an ideological one. Financial and economic considerations are likely to make all the difference” (L.Jorio, “What price a future without nuclear energy?”, www.swissinfo.ch, May 17, 2011).An objective and unbiased estimation of the cost of new nuclear power is essential to Policy Makers and a focus on SMR economic potential is a further contribution to the debate. SMR advanced passive safety features may cope with public concerns about safety, which has become a priority. Polimi’s INCAS model has been developed to compare the investment in SMR respect to LR and is able to assess the financial/economic indicators arising from these two alternative investment options. In particular the INCAS model provides the value of IRR (Internal Rate of Return), NPV (Net Present Value), Upfront investment, etc. A stochastic approach to the data elaboration and the implementation of a Montecarlo analysis provide the evaluation of the investment risk profile. Results show that investment returns are comparable for LR and SMR; however SMR require a lower upfront investment, thus representing lower sunk costs and more affordable and scalable investment option than monolithic LR.
4
De Felice, Fabio, Marta Travaglioni, Giuseppina Piscitelli, Raffaele Cioffi, and Antonella Petrillo. "Machine learning techniques applied to industrial engineering: a multi criteria approach." In The 19th International Conference on Modelling and Applied Simulation. CAL-TEK srl, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46354/i3m.2019.mas.007.
Full textAbstract:
With the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) beginning, the world is witnessing an important technological development. The success of I4.0 is linked to the implementation of enabling technologies, including Machine Learning, which focuses on the machines’ ability to receive a series of data and learn on their own. The present research aims to systematically analyze the existing literature on the subject in various aspects, including publication year, authors, scientific sector, country, institution and keywords. Understanding and analyzing the existing literature on Machine Learning applied to predictive maintenance is preparatory to recommend policy on the subject.
5
Chanzy, Yves, and Camille Otton. "TN™ 81: A Challenging Design." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4945.
Full textAbstract:
With increasing burn-up, reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel yields higher quantities of radionuclides, with a powerful source term and high heat output. Improvement in the vitrification process and environmentally sound thinking have been drivers to reduce the number of transports of vitrified residues (High Level Waste) to interim storage facilities in their owner’s country: this results in higher concentrations of nuclides in the stable glass matrix. The challenge was to create, with almost the same allowable mass and dimensions, a transport/storage casks able to transport glass canisters with this new specifications. Improving the environmental performance of the glass canisters would be of no avail without the corresponding means of transport and storage. This is why COGEMA LOGISTICS introduced the TN™ 81 concept; a dual purpose cask able to handle the most demanding canisters from reprocessing: 56 kW instead of 41 kW, and to shield with efficiency greater gamma and neutron sources, which regulations have been made more stringent regarding the neutron quality factor. The paper will comment the choices made, the drop test campaigns run specifically, and report on the loading of the first TN 81 for KernKraftwerk Go¨sgen (KKG), Switzerland.
6
Liepins, Ivars, and Maris Kalinka. "Analyses of Latvian National Geodetic Reference System." In Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.215.
Full textAbstract:
National geodetic reference system is base for geodetic and geospatial data and information obtaining, maintenance and distribution in common reference system in country. It means, that it must be as accurate as possible and lockstep with time. Latvian national geodetic reference system (LNGRS) derives from Soviet Union geodetic reference system at beginning of 90-ties last century. Development of LNGRS was done as historical continuation of practice to use height, coordinates, Earth gravitational and geomagnetic systems and national networks. For coordinates was established new Latvian geodetical coordinate system using one week campaign data of GPS NAVSTAR. Heights were kept in Baltic normal height system epoch 1977. Earth gravitational system was established newly by absolute gravimetric measurements. Geomagnetic system was developed as repeat station system. Earth is constantly change system internally and outwardly More growing use of GIS and GNSS in agriculture, construction, logistic, military and everyday life put new challenge for LNGRS and it reliability to actual situation in top level. Main goal of publication is to analyse all aspects of LNGRS against nowadays criteria and requirements of dynamic national geodetic reference system. Results of analyses show feeble and powerful sides of LNGRS.
7
Jadrić, Mario. "EXPLORING SMART CITY RESEARCH FROM INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVES." In Fourth International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/itema.s.p.2020.1.
Full textAbstract:
Research in the smart city domain is characterised by distinct multidisciplinarity. The reason for this is the broadness of the domain, classified into six key categories: smart governance, smart people, smart living, smart mobility, smart economy, and smart environment, all focal points of research in separate scientific fields. Also, many researchers argue about the best approach and steps in the development of smart cities highlighting different technological, economic, or sociological aspects of research. This paper aims to explore and clarify the differences in smart city research from two different perspectives - information systems and management. Abstracts from almost 5.000 papers from the WoS database and more than 7.000 papers from the Scopus database were downloaded and analysed. Publications categorised into two perspectives were then analysed descriptively, including data about the number of papers, year of publication, and country of publishing. Furthermore, automated text mining procedure was performed for additional interpretation of attributes and occurrences from the two observed perspectives. The use of six smart city categories as keywords within each set was also analysed and visualised. The results indicate clear differences in both research approaches and research subjects between the two perspectives.
8
McCombie, Charles. "New Nuclear Programmes Must Not Neglect Waste Management." In ASME 2011 14th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2011-59077.
Full textAbstract:
Many established nuclear power programmes have learned to their dismay that waste management and disposal are not tasks that can be postponed at will if public and political acceptance is a prerequisite for progress. In fact, some programmes that recognised this back in the 1970s and 1980s moved into leading positions in repository development. This happened, for example, in Sweden and Switzerland where already in the 1970s Laws were passed specifying that safe disposal must be demonstarted before new nuclear plants could opersate. In recent years, it has become recognised that, in order to ensure that the radioactive wastes in any country are managed safely, it is necessary to have an established legislative and regulatory framework and also to create the necessary organizations for implementation and for oversight of waste management operations and facility development. Guidance on these issues is given in the Joint Convention and a number of other IAEA documents. The IAEA, and also the EC, have in addition published key overarching advisory documents for new nuclear programmes. These are useful for strategic planning but, when it comes to actual implementation projects, the advice tends to imply that all nuclear programmes, however large or small, should be pressing ahead urgently towards early operation of geological repositories. In practice, however, in small programmes there are neither economic nor technical drivers for early implementation of deep geological repositories. Constructing simpler facilities for the disposal of the larger volume of low-level wstes has higher priority. Nevertheless, in all countries political decisions have to be taken and policies set in place to ensure that geological disposal will implemented without unjustified delay. This paper distils out a set of key messages for new programmes. Amongst the most critical are the following. Even if disposal is far off, planning and organization should begin at the initiation of the programme; this can help with technical and economic optimization and (importantly) also with public and political acceptance. Important lessons can be learned from advanced programmes — but these must be adapted to allow for the different boundary conditions of new and small programmes. The key differences relate to the timescales involved, and the resources available. There is a range of waste management and waste disposal options open to new programmes. It is not necessary to choose definitive solutions at the outset; options can be kept open, but a minimum level of engagement is required for all open options.
Reports on the topic "Switzerland (country of publication)"
1
Würth, Stéphanie. SNSF Datastory - How much money does Switzerland invest in research and development? Swiss National Science Foundation, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46446/datastory.rd-financing.
Full textAbstract:
Every year, the SNSF receives around one billion francs from the federal government. In 2019, a total of 22.9 billion Swiss francs was available for research and development (R&D) in Switzerland. Our country ranks seventh in terms GDP share spent on R&D.
2
Barbuscia, Anna, and Chiara Comolli. Gender and socioeconomic inequalities in health and wellbeing across age in France and Switzerland. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/populationyearbook2021.res2.2.
Full textAbstract:
There is increasing evidence that wellbeing is unequally distributed across sociodemographicgroups in contemporary societies. However, less is known about thedivergence across social groups of trajectories of wellbeing across age groups.This issue is of great relevance in contexts characterised by changing populationstructures and growing imbalances across and within generations, and in whichensuring that everyone has the opportunity to have a happy and healthy life courseis a primary welfare goal. In this study, we investigate wellbeing trends in Franceand Switzerland across age, gender, and socioeconomic status groups. We use twohousehold surveys (the Sant´e et Itin´eraires Professionnels and the Swiss HouseholdPanel) to compare the unfolding inequalities in health and wellbeing across agegroups in two rich countries. We view wellbeing as multidimensional, followingthe literature highlighting the importance of considering different dimensions andmeasures of wellbeing. Thus, we investigate a number of outcomes, includingdifferent measures of physical and mental health, as well as of relational wellbeing,using a linear regression model and a linear probability model. Our findings showinteresting country and dimension-specific heterogeneities in the development ofhealth and wellbeing over age. While our results indicate that there are gender andeducational inequalities in both Switzerland and France, and that gender inequalitiesin mental health accumulate with age in both countries, we also find that educationalinequalities in health and wellbeing remain rather stable across age groups.
3
Berberich, Magdalena. Market development for large scale SDH/SDC systems in country reports. IEA SHC Task 55, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18777/ieashc-task55-2020-0011.
Full textAbstract:
This publication of IEA SHC Task 55 describes the market development of Solar District Heating and Cooling in seven countries. Within country report presentations during the eight taskmeetings, the market developments in the participating countries were presented and discussed in the international expert group and the information is summarized in this factsheet.
4
De Falco, Rossella, and Sylvain Aubry. Italy's experience during COVID-19: the limits of privatisation in healthcare. Global Initiative for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53110/czah2903.
Full textAbstract:
The publication shows the disastrous consequences of healthcare privatisation in the country, by which we call on all countries to review their approach to healthcare systems. It draws on the exemplary case of Lombardy, which quickly became the archetype of a failed response to the pandemic as a direct result of the high level of privatisation of healthcare.
5
Beuermann, Diether, Henry Mooney, Elton Bollers, et al. Caribbean Quarterly Bulletin 2020: Volume 9: Issue 4, December 2020. Inter-American Development Bank, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002948.
Full textAbstract:
For most Caribbean countries, the COVID-19 pandemic will translate into the deepest single-year contraction of real GDP on record in 2020. With the exception of Guyana, countries have experienced deep recessions, severe increases in unemployment, and long-lasting damage to many corporate and household balance sheets. The social consequences of the crisis continue to mount, and despite governments best efforts to buffer the shock to families, enterprises, and domestic markets, there remains a dire need for continued and more broad-based stimulus to ensure that economic capital both human and other wise remains intact. This edition of the Caribbean Quarterly Bulletin briefly reflects on notable economic developments in 2020, then shifts to longer-term issues, including a summary of an upcoming IDB publication, Economic Institutions for a Resilient Caribbean, as well as summaries of the book's key diagnostics and recommendations for each country. In some cases, country sections focus on specific areas of institutional reforms. For example, the Suriname section focuses on fiscal institutions, given the public debt distress there.
6
Yatsymirska, Mariya. SOCIAL EXPRESSION IN MULTIMEDIA TEXTS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11072.
Full textAbstract:
The article investigates functional techniques of extralinguistic expression in multimedia texts; the effectiveness of figurative expressions as a reaction to modern events in Ukraine and their influence on the formation of public opinion is shown. Publications of journalists, broadcasts of media resonators, experts, public figures, politicians, readers are analyzed. The language of the media plays a key role in shaping the worldview of the young political elite in the first place. The essence of each statement is a focused thought that reacts to events in the world or in one’s own country. The most popular platform for mass information and social interaction is, first of all, network journalism, which is characterized by mobility and unlimited time and space. Authors have complete freedom to express their views in direct language, including their own word formation. Phonetic, lexical, phraseological and stylistic means of speech create expression of the text. A figurative word, a good aphorism or proverb, a paraphrased expression, etc. enhance the effectiveness of a multimedia text. This is especially important for headlines that simultaneously inform and influence the views of millions of readers. Given the wide range of issues raised by the Internet as a medium, research in this area is interdisciplinary. The science of information, combining language and social communication, is at the forefront of global interactions. The Internet is an effective source of knowledge and a forum for free thought. Nonlinear texts (hypertexts) – «branching texts or texts that perform actions on request», multimedia texts change the principles of information collection, storage and dissemination, involving billions of readers in the discussion of global issues. Mastering the word is not an easy task if the author of the publication is not well-read, is not deep in the topic, does not know the psychology of the audience for which he writes. Therefore, the study of media broadcasting is an important component of the professional training of future journalists. The functions of the language of the media require the authors to make the right statements and convincing arguments in the text. Journalism education is not only knowledge of imperative and dispositive norms, but also apodictic ones. In practice, this means that there are rules in media creativity that are based on logical necessity. Apodicticity is the first sign of impressive language on the platform of print or electronic media. Social expression is a combination of creative abilities and linguistic competencies that a journalist realizes in his activity. Creative self-expression is realized in a set of many important factors in the media: the choice of topic, convincing arguments, logical presentation of ideas and deep philological education. Linguistic art, in contrast to painting, music, sculpture, accumulates all visual, auditory, tactile and empathic sensations in a universal sign – the word. The choice of the word for the reproduction of sensory and semantic meanings, its competent use in the appropriate context distinguishes the journalist-intellectual from other participants in forums, round tables, analytical or entertainment programs. Expressive speech in the media is a product of the intellect (ability to think) of all those who write on socio-political or economic topics. In the same plane with him – intelligence (awareness, prudence), the first sign of which (according to Ivan Ogienko) is a good knowledge of the language. Intellectual language is an important means of organizing a journalistic text. It, on the one hand, logically conveys the author’s thoughts, and on the other – encourages the reader to reflect and comprehend what is read. The richness of language is accumulated through continuous self-education and interesting communication. Studies of social expression as an important factor influencing the formation of public consciousness should open up new facets of rational and emotional media broadcasting; to trace physical and psychological reactions to communicative mimicry in the media. Speech mimicry as one of the methods of disguise is increasingly becoming a dangerous factor in manipulating the media. Mimicry is an unprincipled adaptation to the surrounding social conditions; one of the most famous examples of an animal characterized by mimicry (change of protective color and shape) is a chameleon. In a figurative sense, chameleons are called adaptive journalists. Observations show that mimicry in politics is to some extent a kind of game that, like every game, is always conditional and artificial.
7
Financing Disaster Risk Reduction in Asia and the Pacific: A Guide for Policy Makers. Asian Development Bank, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/tim200415-2.
Full textAbstract:
Disaster events impact Asia and the Pacific more than any other region in the world. In light of current and future climate and disaster risks, there is an urgent need to address the region’s underinvestment in disaster risk and reduction. This publication aims to guide policy makers and other stakeholders on how to scale up disaster risk reduction financing in developing member countries of the Asian Development Bank. It provides an overview of financing opportunities—including instruments and mechanisms—as well as country case studies and practical tips for governments to implement enhanced disaster risk reduction.
8
Public–Private Partnership Monitor: Philippines. Asian Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/sgp200424-2.
Full textAbstract:
This publication presents a detailed overview of the current state of the public–private partnership (PPP) environment in the Philippines. In over three decades, the country developed a robust public–private partnership (PPP) enabling framework through the Build-Operate-Transfer Law of 2012 and the PPP Center. Among developing member countries of the Asian Development Bank, the Philippines has a relatively mature market that has witnessed 116 financially closed PPPs. Under the government’s 2017–2022 Development Plan that has an infrastructure investment target of $180 billion, PPPs are expected to play a pivotal role in financing national and subnational infrastructure investments. With a pipeline of 37 PPPs, the government is taking various steps to further improve the environment for PPPs.
9
Report on Grouped Peer Review of Scholarly Journals in History, Philosophy and Politics. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2021/0071.
Full textAbstract:
The peer review report entitled Report on Grouped Peer Review of Scholarly Journals in History, Philosophy and Politics is the eleventh in a series of discipline-grouped evaluations of South African scholarly journals. This is part of a scholarly assurance process initiated by the Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf). The process is centered on multi-perspective, discipline-based evaluation panels appointed by the Academy Council on the recommendation of the Academy’s Committee on Scholarly Publishing in South Africa (CSPiSA). This detailed report presents the peer review panel’s consolidated consensus reports on each journal and provides the panel’s recommendations in respect of DHET accreditation, inclusion on the SciELO SA platform and suggestions for improvement in general. The main purpose of the ASSAf review process for journals is to improve the scholarly publication in the country that is consonant with traditional scholarly practices.
10
Financial Stability Report - September 2015. Banco de la República, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-estab-fin.sem2.eng-2015.
Full textAbstract:
From this edition, the Financial Stability Report will have fewer pages with some changes in its structure. The purpose of this change is to present the most relevant facts of the financial system and their implications on the financial stability. This allows displaying the analysis more concisely and clearly, as it will focus on describing the evolution of the variables that have the greatest impact on the performance of the financial system, for estimating then the effect of a possible materialization of these risks on the financial health of the institutions. The changing dynamics of the risks faced by the financial system implies that the content of the Report adopts this new structure; therefore, some analyses and series that were regularly included will not necessarily be in each issue. However, the statistical annex that accompanies the publication of the Report will continue to present the series that were traditionally included, regardless of whether or not they are part of the content of the Report. In this way we expect to contribute in a more comprehensive way to the study and analysis of the stability of the Colombian financial system. Executive Summary During the first half of 2015, the main advanced economies showed a slow recovery on their growth, while emerging economies continued with their slowdown trend. Domestic demand in the United States allowed for stabilization on its average growth for the first half of the year, while other developed economies such as the United Kingdom, the euro zone, and Japan showed a more gradual recovery. On the other hand, the Chinese economy exhibited the lowest growth rate in five years, which has resulted in lower global dynamism. This has led to a fall in prices of the main export goods of some Latin American economies, especially oil, whose price has also responded to a larger global supply. The decrease in the terms of trade of the Latin American economies has had an impact on national income, domestic demand, and growth. This scenario has been reflected in increases in sovereign risk spreads, devaluations of stock indices, and depreciation of the exchange rates of most countries in the region. For Colombia, the fall in oil prices has also led to a decline in the terms of trade, resulting in pressure on the dynamics of national income. Additionally, the lower demand for exports helped to widen the current account deficit. This affected the prospects and economic growth of the country during the first half of 2015. This economic context could have an impact on the payment capacity of debtors and on the valuation of investments, affecting the soundness of the financial system. However, the results of the analysis featured in this edition of the Report show that, facing an adverse scenario, the vulnerability of the financial system in terms of solvency and liquidity is low. The analysis of the current situation of credit institutions (CI) shows that growth of the gross loan portfolio remained relatively stable, as well as the loan portfolio quality indicators, except for microcredit, which showed a decrease in these indicators. Regarding liabilities, traditional sources of funding have lost market share versus non-traditional ones (bonds, money market operations and in the interbank market), but still represent more than 70%. Moreover, the solvency indicator remained relatively stable. As for non-banking financial institutions (NBFI), the slowdown observed during the first six months of 2015 in the real annual growth of the assets total, both in the proprietary and third party position, stands out. The analysis of the main debtors of the financial system shows that indebtedness of the private corporate sector has increased in the last year, mostly driven by an increase in the debt balance with domestic and foreign financial institutions. However, the increase in this latter source of funding has been influenced by the depreciation of the Colombian peso vis-à-vis the US dollar since mid-2014. The financial indicators reflected a favorable behavior with respect to the historical average, except for the profitability indicators; although they were below the average, they have shown improvement in the last year. By economic sector, it is noted that the firms focused on farming, mining and transportation activities recorded the highest levels of risk perception by credit institutions, and the largest increases in default levels with respect to those observed in December 2014. Meanwhile, households have shown an increase in the financial burden, mainly due to growth in the consumer loan portfolio, in which the modalities of credit card, payroll deductible loan, revolving and vehicle loan are those that have reported greater increases in risk indicators. On the side of investments that could be affected by the devaluation in the portfolio of credit institutions and non-banking financial institutions (NBFI), the largest share of public debt securities, variable-yield securities and domestic private debt securities is highlighted. The value of these portfolios fell between February and August 2015, driven by the devaluation in the market of these investments throughout the year. Furthermore, the analysis of the liquidity risk indicator (LRI) shows that all intermediaries showed adequate levels and exhibit a stable behavior. Likewise, the fragility analysis of the financial system associated with the increase in the use of non-traditional funding sources does not evidence a greater exposure to liquidity risk. Stress tests assess the impact of the possible joint materialization of credit and market risks, and reveal that neither the aggregate solvency indicator, nor the liquidity risk indicator (LRI) of the system would be below the established legal limits. The entities that result more individually affected have a low share in the total assets of the credit institutions; therefore, a risk to the financial system as a whole is not observed. José Darío Uribe Governor