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Journal articles on the topic 'Symbiota'

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Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Barkworth, Mary, Benjamin Brandt, Curtis Dyreson, Neil Cobb, and Will Pearse. "Symbiota2: Enabling greater collaboration and flexibility in mobilizing biodiversity data." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 3 (June 19, 2019): e37208. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.3.37208.

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Symbiota, the most used biodiversity content management system in the United States, has helped mobilize over 35 million specimen records from over 750 natural history collections via 40+ separate installations. Most Symbiota records come from natural history collections but some Symbiota instances also incorporate records from observations, images, publications, and gardens. Symbiota serves as both a data management system for entering, annotating, and cleaning occurrence data, images and associated specimen data (e.g., genetic sequences, images, publications) and as a primary aggregator/publ

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2

Pearson, Katelin, Edward Gilbert, Nico Franz, et al. "Leveraging the Symbiota Support Hub for Biodiversity Data Mobilization." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 6 (August 24, 2022): e93893. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.6.93893.

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Symbiota is an open source software for managing and mobilizing biodiversity data from physical and virtual collections. Over 700 natural history collections use Symbiota as their primary content management system, and over 600 additional collections use Symbiota portals to mobilize a copy or subsamples of their data for use by specific communities of expertise. For both "live-managed" and "snapshot" collections, Symbiota provides data import, export, and publishing tools to lower data mobilization barriers. For example, collections in Symbiota portals can publish their data directly to the Gl

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Pearson, Katie, Ed Gilbert, K. Samanta Orellana, et al. "Growth and Evolution of the Symbiota Portal Network." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 7 (September 5, 2023): e112028. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.7.112028.

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Symbiota is empowering biodiversity collections communities across the globe to efficiently manage and mobilize their data. Beginning with only a handful of collections in two major portals in the early 2010s (Gries et al. 2014), Symbiota now acts as the primary content management system for over 1,000 collections in more than 50 portals. Over 1,800 collections share data through Symbiota portals, constituting over 90+ million records and 42+ million images. The iDigBio Symbiota Support Hub, a team and cyberinfrastructure based out of Arizona State University and supported by the United States

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Gries, Corinna, Edward Gilbert, and Nico Franz. "Symbiota – A virtual platform for creating voucher-based biodiversity information communities." Biodiversity Data Journal 2 (June 24, 2014): e1114. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.2.e1114.

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We review the Symbiota software platform for creating voucher-based biodiversity information portals and communities. Symbiota was originally conceived to promote small- to medium-sized, regionally and/or taxonomically themed collaborations of natural history collections. Over the past eight years the taxonomically diverse portals have grown into an important resource in North America and beyond for mobilizing, integrating, and using specimen- and observation-based occurrence records and derivative biodiversity information products. Designed to mirror the conceptual structure of traditional fl

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Renoz, François, Jérôme Ambroise, Bertrand Bearzatto, et al. "The Di-Symbiotic Systems in the Aphids Sipha maydis and Periphyllus lyropictus Provide a Contrasting Picture of Recent Co-Obligate Nutritional Endosymbiosis in Aphids." Microorganisms 10, no. 7 (2022): 1360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071360.

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Dependence on multiple nutritional bacterial symbionts forming a metabolic unit has repeatedly evolved in many insect species that feed on nutritionally unbalanced diets such as plant sap. This is the case for aphids of the subfamilies Lachninae and Chaitophorinae, which have evolved di-symbiotic systems in which the ancient obligate nutritional symbiont Buchnera aphidicola is metabolically complemented by an additional nutritional symbiont acquired more recently. Deciphering how different symbionts integrate both metabolically and anatomically in such systems is crucial to understanding how c

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Barkworth, Mary, Benjamin Brandt, Neil Cobb, and Curtis Dyreson. "Symbiota2." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 1 (August 1, 2017): e19933. https://doi.org/10.3897/tdwgproceedings.1.19933.

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Symbiota is free open source software for making specimen information available on the web. It is widely used in the United States and is beginning to be used in other countries. Its strengths include its ability to integrate specimen images and records with images of living organisms, image-based records, descriptions, tools for generating illustrated dynamic checklists and many tools for collaborative data cleaning. Another strength for many collections is that data entry can, but does not have to be, done via a web browser. These strengths of Symbiota have encouraged the development of comm

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Gilbert, Edward, Nico Franz, and Beckett Sterner. "Historical Overview of the Development of the Symbiota Specimen Management Software and Review of the Interoperability Challenges and Opportunities Informing Future Development." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 4 (September 30, 2020): e59077. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.4.59077.

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Symbiota (Gries et al. 2014) is an open-source software platform designed to function as a biodiversity Content Management System (CMS) for specimen-based datasets. Primarily in North America though also increasingly on other continents, the Symbiota software platform has risen to prominence in the past ten years as one of the more heavily accessed mid-level aggregation tools for assembling, managing, and distributing datasets associated with biological collections. There are more than 50 public Symbiota portals being managed and promoted by various biodiversity projects and communities. Toget

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Oliver, Kerry M., Nancy A. Moran, and Martha S. Hunter. "Costs and benefits of a superinfection of facultative symbionts in aphids." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 273, no. 1591 (2006): 1273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2005.3436.

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Symbiotic associations between animals and inherited micro-organisms are widespread in nature. In many cases, hosts may be superinfected with multiple inherited symbionts. Acyrthosiphon pisum (the pea aphid) may harbour more than one facultative symbiont (called secondary symbionts) in addition to the obligate primary symbiont, Buchnera aphidicola . Previously we demonstrated that, in a controlled genetic background, A. pisum infected with either Serratia symbiotica or Hamiltonella defensa (called R- and T-type in that study) were more resistant to attack by the parasitoid Aphidius ervi . Here

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Gilbert, Edward, Beckett Sterner, Mark Fisher, et al. "Symbiota Integrations: Exploration of Historical and Current Methods of Data Sharing Across a Decentralized Portal Network and Goals of Extending Interoperability Globally." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 7 (August 28, 2023): e111680. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.7.111680.

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Over the last decade, the Symbiota open-source software has been readily available to establish occurrence-based data portals that represent the taxonomic and geographic expertise of a specific community of researchers. Reasons for establishing a data portal vary, but often focus on:data mobilization via the creation of public data access points (e.g., in-house search and export tools, Application Programming Interface (API) access, publication tools pushing data up to aggregators);tools and workflows that support active specimen digitization projectsa method for staging and preparing datasets

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Collinson, Nicholas Paul, Khageswor Giri, Jatinder Kaur, et al. "Evaluating the Effects of Epichloë Fungal Endophytes of Perennial Ryegrass on the Feeding Behaviour and Life History of Rhopalosiphum padi." Insects 15, no. 10 (2024): 744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects15100744.

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The bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), is an economically significant pest of pasture grasses, the latter being capable of hosting several fungal endophyte–perennial ryegrass symbiota rich in alkaloids and toxic to vertebrates and invertebrates. Measuring aphid feeding behaviour can provide insights into the effectiveness and mode of action of different fungal endophytes. This study investigated the effects of different Epichloë–perennial ryegrass symbiota on the feeding behaviour of R. padi using the electrical penetration graph technique while also assessing the aphid life histo

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Burkhart, Craig N., and Craig G. Burkhart. "Bacterial Symbiotes, Their Presence in Head Lice, and Potential Treatment Avenues." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 10, no. 1 (2006): 2–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/7140.2006.00003.

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Background: Pediculus humanus capitis (head lice) belongs to the order Anoplura, which are blood-feeding ectoparasites that live on human hair. Within these insects reside symbiotic bacteria that enable the insect to flourish on dietary sources of limited nutritional value. These symbiotic bacteria are essential to the survival of the insect. Objective: To assess the feasibility of treating head lice by altering their symbiotic bacteria. Methods: In addition to a literature review of the expanded role of symbiotic bacteria in other organisms, the anatomic localization of their presence in huma

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Yánez-Ayabaca, Alba, Ángel Benítez, Rosa Batallas Molina, et al. "Towards a dynamic checklist of lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungi of Ecuador – using the Consortium of Lichen Herbaria to manage fungal biodiversity in a megadiverse country." Lichenologist 55, no. 5 (2023): 203–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282923000476.

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AbstractA checklist of Lichen-forming, Lichenicolous and Allied Fungi of Ecuador is presented with a total of 2599 species, of which 39 are reported for the first time from the country. The names of three species, Hypotrachyna montufariensis, H. subpartita and Sticta hypoglabra, previously not validly published, are validated. Pertusaria oahuensis, originally introduced by Magnusson as ‘ad interim’, is validated as Lepra oahuensis. The form Leucodermia leucomelos f. albociliata is validated. Two new combinations, Fissurina tectigera and F. timida, are made, and Physcia mobergii is introduced a

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Orellana, K. Samanta, Edward Gilbert, Lindsay Walker, et al. "Taxonomic Curation in a Multi-taxa Symbiota Portal." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 6 (August 23, 2022): e93671. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.6.93671.

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Symbiota is an open-source software that allows the creation of online portals for accessing, managing, and mobilizing biodiversity data (Gries et al. 2014, Symbiota Support Hub 2021). Most of the portals are focused on communities with specific taxonomic interests, which often allows the construction of specialized taxonomic thesauri by portal managers (Gilbert et al. 2020, Pearson 2021a). A portal dedicated to the full range of collections in one country (Portal de Biodiversidad de Guatemala 2022) has represented an interesting challenge for taxonomic management. The Guatemala Biodiversity p

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Orellana, K. Samanta, Zabdi López, Jiichiro Yoshimoto, et al. "Advances in the Digitization and Mobilization of Natural History Collections in Guatemala." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 8 (August 12, 2024): e134288. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.8.134288.

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Since its development in 2020, the Guatemala Biodiversity Portal (Fig. 1), generated with Symbiota (Gries et al. 2014, Gilbert et al. 2020, Symbiota Support Hub 2021), has turned into an outstanding resource to facilitate the digitization, mobilization, and use of specimen data from local natural history collections (Orellana et al. 2023). More than 50,000 records and several thousands of images from Guatemalan zoological, botanical, mycological, and paleontological collections have been shared online for the first time in this portal. An integrated Symbiota installation allows further data mo

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West, C. P. "Plant influences on endophyte expression." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 13 (January 1, 2007): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.13.2006.3102.

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Neotyphodium endophytes in the pooid grasses perennial ryegrass and tall fescue (Lolium spp.) are important ecologically and agriculturally by virtue of their ability to produce several alkaloids and their effects on host growth and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Such responses can be positive, neutral, or negative, and depend on the interaction of host genetics x endophyte genetics x environment (and management), which is complex and difficult to predict. Understanding the interactions is key to elucidating the ecological role of endophytes in natural and impacted ecosystems and to

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Barkworth, Mary, Andrew Miller, Curtis Dyreson, Benjamin Brandt, and William Pearse. "Maintenance and development of Symbiota2, a platform for data sharing and visualization." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 1 (August 14, 2017): e20220. https://doi.org/10.3897/tdwgproceedings.1.20220.

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Symbiota is a database management system for aggregating and displaying record-based biodiversity information from collections of widely varying sizes and integrating them with images of living organisms and image-based records. It is currently used by over 230 collections that collectively provide access to records of over 20 million specimens. Its popularity is attributable to the low financial and learning barriers to participation in a Symbiota network and the wide array of tools it offers for creating resources needed by different user groups. It has been developed through grants, contrac

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Pearson, Katelin, Jenn Yost, and Edward Gilbert. "Coordinating Digitization and Trait Data Mobilization Across California Herbaria: The Importance of Resourced Support People." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 8 (September 24, 2024): e137721. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.8.137721.

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The California Phenology Network was a National Science Foundation-funded project that energized herbaria across California, U.S.A. to digitize and mobilize herbarium specimen data from 2018–2023. This community built their digitization workflows around a new, shared data commons: the Consortium of California Herbaria's "CCH2" Symbiota portal, which enabled the collections to efficiently share, transcribe, and georeference their specimen data across a distributed network, even during COVID-19-related shutdowns. As a result, the CCH2 portal now hosts 4.9 million occurrences, including 2.2 milli

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Matsuura, Yu, Takahiro Hosokawa, Mario Serracin, Genet M. Tulgetske, Thomas A. Miller, and Takema Fukatsu. "Bacterial Symbionts of a Devastating Coffee Plant Pest, the Stinkbug Antestiopsis thunbergii (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, no. 12 (2014): 3769–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00554-14.

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ABSTRACTStinkbugs of the genusAntestiopsis, so-called antestia bugs or variegated coffee bugs, are notorious pests of coffee plants in Africa. We investigated the symbiotic bacteria associated withAntestiopsis thunbergii, a major coffee plant pest in Rwanda. PCR, cloning, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis of bacterial genes identified four distinct bacterial lineages associated withA. thunbergii: a gammaproteobacterial gut symbiont and symbionts representing the generaSodalis,Spiroplasma, andRickettsia.In situhybridization showed that the gut symbiont densely occupied the lumen of midgut c

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Burnell, Ann, and S. Patricia Stock. "Heterorhabditis, Steinernema and their bacterial symbionts — lethal pathogens of insects." Nematology 2, no. 1 (2000): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100508872.

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AbstractThe entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) Heterorhabditis and Steinernema together with their symbiont bacteria Photorhabdus and Xenorhabdus, respectively, are obligate and lethal parasites of insects. EPN can provide effective biological control of some important lepidopteran, dipteran and coleopteran pests of commercial crops and they are amenable to large-scale culture in liquid fermentors. They are unique among rhabditids in having a symbiotic relationship with an enteric bacterium species. The bacterial symbiont is required to kill the insect host and to digest the host tissues, thereb

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Beach, James. "Institutional and Collaborative Work Perspectives on Specimen Databases." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 4 (October 9, 2020): e59424. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.4.59424.

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The U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) funded a grand experiment on the U.S. biological collections community, although it may not have anticipated the significance of the results. For over 30 years, the NSF made recurring investments through competitive grants in software engineering and technical support for biological collections databases. The Specify Project (now the Specify Collections Consortium), and its predecessor the MUSE Project, which was first funded in 1987, represent a lineage of sustained NSF investment in biological collections database systems. Specify is largely scoped

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Bedgood, Samuel A., Sarah E. Mastroni, and Matthew E. S. Bracken. "Flexibility of nutritional strategies within a mutualism: food availability affects algal symbiont productivity in two congeneric sea anemone species." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1940 (2020): 20201860. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.1860.

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Mutualistic symbioses are common, especially in nutrient-poor environments where an association between hosts and symbionts can allow the symbiotic partners to persist and collectively out-compete non-symbiotic species. Usually these mutualisms are built on an intimate transfer of energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon and nitrogen) between host and symbiont. However, resource availability is not consistent, and the benefit of the symbiotic association can depend on the availability of resources to mutualists. We manipulated the diets of two temperate sea anemone species in the genus Anthopleura in

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Xu, Shifen, Liyun Jiang, Gexia Qiao, and Jing Chen. "The Bacterial Flora Associated with the Polyphagous Aphid Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Is Strongly Affected by Host Plants." Microbial Ecology 79, no. 4 (2019): 971–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-019-01435-2.

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AbstractAphids live in symbiosis with a variety of bacteria, including the obligate symbiont Buchnera aphidicola and diverse facultative symbionts. The symbiotic associations for one aphid species, especially for polyphagous species, often differ across populations. In the present study, by using high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing, we surveyed in detail the microbiota in natural populations of the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii in China and assessed differences in bacterial diversity with respect to host plant and geography. The microbial community of A. gossypii was dominated by a few heritable

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Gries, Corinna, Edward Gilbert, and Nico Franz. "Symbiota – A virtual platform for creating voucher-based biodiversity information communities." Biodiversity Data Journal 2 (June 24, 2014): e1114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/bdj.2.e1114.

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Kim, Jiyeun Kate, Na Hyang Kim, Ho Am Jang, et al. "Specific Midgut Region Controlling the Symbiont Population in an Insect-Microbe Gut Symbiotic Association." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79, no. 23 (2013): 7229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02152-13.

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ABSTRACTMany insects possess symbiotic bacteria that affect the biology of the host. The level of the symbiont population in the host is a pivotal factor that modulates the biological outcome of the symbiotic association. Hence, the symbiont population should be maintained at a proper level by the host's control mechanisms. Several mechanisms for controlling intracellular symbionts of insects have been reported, while mechanisms for controlling extracellular gut symbionts of insects are poorly understood. The bean bugRiptortus pedestrisharbors a betaproteobacterial extracellular symbiont of th

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Burke, Gaelen R., Benjamin B. Normark, Colin Favret, and Nancy A. Moran. "Evolution and Diversity of Facultative Symbionts from the Aphid Subfamily Lachninae." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 16 (2009): 5328–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00717-09.

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ABSTRACT Many aphids harbor a variety of endosymbiotic bacteria. The functions of these symbionts can range from an obligate nutritional role to a facultative role in protecting their hosts against environmental stresses. One such symbiont is “Candidatus Serratia symbiotica,” which is involved in defense against heat and potentially also in aphid nutrition. Lachnid aphids have been the focus of several recent studies investigating the transition of this symbiont from a facultative symbiont to an obligate symbiont. In a phylogenetic analysis of Serratia symbionts from 51 lachnid hosts, we found

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Barkworth, Mary, and Neil Cobb. "Embedding Data Sharing in Biodiversity Research." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (May 22, 2018): e26262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26262.

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Increasing the number of occurrence records available for biodiversity research requires developing efficient pipelines from collectors and observers to data aggregators and then marketing those pipelines to biodiversity researchers. To be effective, these pipelines must recognize that in many countries, internet access is slow, intermittent, or expensive; cell phone internet access may be more common but many people cannot afford the costs associated with using a cell phone for databasing. The pipelines must also make it easy for users to provide high quality data that conforms to internation

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Barkworth, Mary, and Neil Cobb. "Embedding Data Sharing in Biodiversity Research." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (May 22, 2018): e26262. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.26262.

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Increasing the number of occurrence records available for biodiversity research requires developing efficient pipelines from collectors and observers to data aggregators and then marketing those pipelines to biodiversity researchers. To be effective, these pipelines must recognize that in many countries, internet access is slow, intermittent, or expensive; cell phone internet access may be more common but many people cannot afford the costs associated with using a cell phone for databasing. The pipelines must also make it easy for users to provide high quality data that conforms to internation

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Tobi, Elie, Nziengui Djiembi Geovanne Aymar, Anna Feistner, et al. "Creating a National Biodiversity Database in Gabon and the Challenges of Mobilizing Natural History Data for Francophone Countries." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 5 (September 23, 2021): e75643. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.5.75643.

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Language is a major barrier for researchers wanting to digitize and publish collection data in Africa. Despite being the fifth most spoken language on Earth and the second most common in Africa, resources in French about digitization, data management, and publishing are lacking. Furthermore, French-speaking regions of Africa (primarily Central/West Africa and Madagascar) host some of the highest biodiversity on the continent and therefore are of great importance to scientists and decision-makers. Without having representation in online portals like the Global Biodiversity Information Facility

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Gorman, Lucy M., Migle K. Konciute, Guoxin Cui, et al. "Symbiosis with Dinoflagellates Alters Cnidarian Cell-Cycle Gene Expression." Cellular Microbiology 2022 (May 23, 2022): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3330160.

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In the cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis, hosts show altered expression of genes involved in growth and proliferation when in the symbiotic state, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms that underlie the host’s altered growth rate. Using tissue-specific transcriptomics, we determined how symbiosis affects expression of cell cycle-associated genes, in the model symbiotic cnidarian Exaiptasia diaphana (Aiptasia). The presence of symbionts within the gastrodermis elicited cell-cycle arrest in the G1 phase in a larger proportion of host cells compared with the aposymbiotic gastrodermi

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Ciche, Todd A., Kwi-suk Kim, Bettina Kaufmann-Daszczuk, Ken C. Q. Nguyen, and David H. Hall. "Cell Invasion and Matricide during Photorhabdus luminescens Transmission by Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Nematodes." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, no. 8 (2008): 2275–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02646-07.

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ABSTRACT Many animals and plants have symbiotic relationships with beneficial bacteria. Experimentally tractable models are necessary to understand the processes involved in the selective transmission of symbiotic bacteria. One such model is the transmission of the insect-pathogenic bacterial symbionts Photorhabdus spp. by Heterorhabditis bacteriophora infective juvenile (IJ)-stage nematodes. By observing egg-laying behavior and IJ development, it was determined that IJs develop exclusively via intrauterine hatching and matricide (i.e., endotokia matricida). By transiently exposing nematodes t

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Hayashi, Toshinari, Takahiro Hosokawa, Xian-Ying Meng, Ryuichi Koga, and Takema Fukatsu. "Female-Specific Specialization of a Posterior End Region of the Midgut Symbiotic Organ in Plautia splendens and Allied Stinkbugs." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 7 (2015): 2603–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.04057-14.

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ABSTRACTMany stinkbugs (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera) are associated with bacterial symbionts in a posterior region of the midgut. In these stinkbugs, adult females excrete symbiont-containing materials from the anus for transmission of the beneficial symbionts to their offspring. For ensuring the vertical symbiont transmission, a variety of female-specific elaborate traits at the cellular, morphological, developmental, and behavioral levels have been reported from diverse stinkbugs of the families Plataspidae, Urostylididae, Parastrachiidae, etc. Meanwhile, such elaborate female-specific t

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Duplessis, Melinda R., Wiebke Ziebis, Olivier Gros, Audrey Caro, Julie Robidart, and Horst Felbeck. "Respiration Strategies Utilized by the Gill Endosymbiont from the Host Lucinid Codakia orbicularis (Bivalvia: Lucinidae)." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 7 (2004): 4144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.7.4144-4150.2004.

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ABSTRACT The large tropical lucinid clam Codakia orbicularis has a symbiotic relationship with intracellular, sulfide-oxidizing chemoautotrophic bacteria. The respiration strategies utilized by the symbiont were explored using integrative techniques on mechanically purified symbionts and intact clam-symbiont associations along with habitat analysis. Previous work on a related symbiont species found in the host lucinid Lucinoma aequizonata showed that the symbionts obligately used nitrate as an electron acceptor, even under oxygenated conditions. In contrast, the symbionts of C. orbicularis use

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Kim, Jiyeun Kate, Dae Woo Son, Chan-Hee Kim, et al. "Insect Gut Symbiont Susceptibility to Host Antimicrobial Peptides Caused by Alteration of the Bacterial Cell Envelope." Journal of Biological Chemistry 290, no. 34 (2015): 21042–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m115.651158.

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The molecular characterization of symbionts is pivotal for understanding the cross-talk between symbionts and hosts. In addition to valuable knowledge obtained from symbiont genomic studies, the biochemical characterization of symbionts is important to fully understand symbiotic interactions. The bean bug (Riptortus pedestris) has been recognized as a useful experimental insect gut symbiosis model system because of its cultivatable Burkholderia symbionts. This system is greatly advantageous because it allows the acquisition of a large quantity of homogeneous symbionts from the host midgut. Usi

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Cruz-Rivera, Edwin, Mohy-El-Din Sherif, Salma El-Sahhar, and Thomas Lombardi. "Spatial Variability in a Symbiont-Diverse Marine Host and the Use of Observational Data to Assess Ecological Interactions." Diversity 14, no. 3 (2022): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14030197.

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Despite a rich taxonomic literature on the symbionts of ascidians, the nature of these symbioses remains poorly understood. In the Egyptian Red Sea, the solitary ascidian Phallusia nigra hosted a symbiotic amphipod and four copepod species, with densities as high as 68 mixed symbionts per host. Correlation analyses suggested no competition or antagonism between symbionts. Ascidian mass, ash-free dry mass per wet mass (AFDM/WM), and both symbiont density and diversity per host, differed significantly among three reefs from El Gouna, Egypt. However, there was no correlation between amphipod, tot

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Franke, Maximilian, Benedikt Geier, Jörg U. Hammel, Nicole Dubilier, and Nikolaus Leisch. "Coming together—symbiont acquisition and early development in deep-sea bathymodioline mussels." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288, no. 1957 (2021): 20211044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.1044.

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How and when symbionts are acquired by their animal hosts has a profound impact on the ecology and evolution of the symbiosis. Understanding symbiont acquisition is particularly challenging in deep-sea organisms because early life stages are so rarely found. Here, we collected early developmental stages of three deep-sea bathymodioline species from different habitats to identify when these acquire their symbionts and how their body plan adapts to a symbiotic lifestyle. These mussels gain their nutrition from chemosynthetic bacteria, allowing them to thrive at deep-sea vents and seeps worldwide

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Moran, Nancy A., Jacob A. Russell, Ryuichi Koga, and Takema Fukatsu. "Evolutionary Relationships of Three New Species of Enterobacteriaceae Living as Symbionts of Aphids and Other Insects." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 6 (2005): 3302–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.6.3302-3310.2005.

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ABSTRACT Ecological studies on three bacterial lineages symbiotic in aphids have shown that they impose a variety of effects on their hosts, including resistance to parasitoids and tolerance to heat stress. Phylogenetic analyses of partial sequences of gyrB and recA are consistent with previous analyses limited to 16S rRNA gene sequences and yield improved confidence of the evolutionary relationships of these symbionts. All three symbionts are in the Enterobacteriaceae. One of the symbionts, here given the provisional designation “Candidatus Serratia symbiotica,” is a Serratia species that has

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Lim-Fong, Grace E., Lindsay A. Regali, and Margo G. Haygood. "Evolutionary Relationships of “Candidatus Endobugula” Bacterial Symbionts and Their Bugula Bryozoan Hosts." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, no. 11 (2008): 3605–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02798-07.

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ABSTRACT Ribosomal gene sequences were obtained from bryozoans in the genus Bugula and their bacterial symbionts; analyses of host and symbiont phylogenetic trees did not support a history of strict cospeciation. Symbiont-derived compounds known to defend host larvae from predation were only detected in two out of four symbiotic Bugula species.

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Lamelas, Araceli, Vicente Pérez-Brocal, Laura Gómez-Valero, María José Gosalbes, Andrés Moya, and Amparo Latorre. "Evolution of the Secondary Symbiont “Candidatus Serratia symbiotica” in Aphid Species of the Subfamily Lachninae." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, no. 13 (2008): 4236–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00022-08.

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ABSTRACT Buchnera aphidicola BCc, the primary endosymbiont of the aphid Cinara cedri (subfamily Lachninae), is losing its symbiotic capacity and might be replaced by the coresident “Candidatus Serratia symbiotica.” Phylogenetic and morphological analyses within the subfamily Lachninae indicate two different “Ca. Serratia symbiotica” lineages and support the longtime coevolution of both symbionts in C. cedri.

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Nováková, Eva, Filip Husník, Eva Šochová, and Václav Hypša. "Arsenophonus and Sodalis Symbionts in Louse Flies: an Analogy to the Wigglesworthia and Sodalis System in Tsetse Flies." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 18 (2015): 6189–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01487-15.

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ABSTRACTSymbiosis between insects and bacteria result in a variety of arrangements, genomic modifications, and metabolic interconnections. Here, we present genomic, phylogenetic, and morphological characteristics of a symbiotic system associated withMelophagus ovinus, a member of the blood-feeding family Hippoboscidae. The system comprises four unrelated bacteria representing different stages in symbiosis evolution, from typical obligate mutualists inhabiting bacteriomes to freely associated commensals and parasites. Interestingly, the whole system provides a remarkable analogy to the associat

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Stephenson, Jeffrey. "The Arachnology Collection at the Denver Museum of Nature & Science." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e25810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25810.

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The Arachnology collection at the Denver Museum of Nature &amp; Science (DMNS) was founded 20 years ago. We describe its inception and early growth from 0 to over 62,000 lots; DMNS volunteers and the key role they play as citizen scientists in the Colorado Spider Survey and collections work such as identification and databasing. We now have more than 40,000 databased and geocoded specimen vials available through Symbiota and GBIF. The collection's research focuses on the biodiversity of the region's spiders, scorpions, cave forms, and solifuge (camel spiders). DMNS is now one of the center

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Stephenson, Jeffrey. "The Arachnology Collection at the Denver Museum of Nature & Science." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (June 13, 2018): e25810. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.25810.

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The Arachnology collection at the Denver Museum of Nature & Science (DMNS) was founded 20 years ago. We describe its inception and early growth from 0 to over 62,000 lots; DMNS volunteers and the key role they play as citizen scientists in the Colorado Spider Survey and collections work such as identification and databasing. We now have more than 40,000 databased and geocoded specimen vials available through Symbiota and GBIF. The collection's research focuses on the biodiversity of the region's spiders, scorpions, cave forms, and solifuge (camel spiders). DMNS is now one of the centers fo

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Bacetty, A. A., M. E. Snook, A. E. Glenn, C. W. Bacon, P. Nagabhyru, and C. L. Schardl. "Nematotoxic effects of endophyte-infected tall fescue toxins and extracts in an in vitro bioassay using the nematode Pratylenchus scribneri." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 13 (January 1, 2007): 357–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.13.2006.3167.

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Biotypes of the Neotyphodium coenophialum-tall fescue grass symbiota are provided with enhanced protection from grazing vertebrate herbivores due to the production of toxic secondary metabolites. However, considerable controversy exists concerning this symbiotum and its toxicity to nematode species. A sterile in vitro system was developed to determine the interactive nature of known toxins specific to this mutualistic association and compounds within grass extracts known to be nematotoxic. The in vitro assay used Pratylenchus scribneri, the lesion nematode, as the target organism to determine

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Hudatwi, Mu'alimah, Diah permata Wijayanti, Ambariyanto Ambariyanto, and Michio Hidaka. "Fitness of Cassiopea polyps Inoculated with Different Types of Symbionts." ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences 27, no. 2 (2022): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ik.ijms.27.2.151-158.

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The specificity of the relationship between cnidarian hosts and symbiotic dinoflagellates (zooxanthellae) differs among host species. Some cnidarian hosts can establish symbiotic relationship with various types of zooxanthellae, while others exhibit high fidelity to specific symbiont type. It is not known how compatibility or specificity of the relationship is determined. We hypothesized that some cnidarian hosts select symbiont type that leads to highest fitness when the host is flexible with symbiont type and more than one types of symbionts are available. As a first step to study this possi

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Sasaki-Fukatsu, Kayoko, Ryuichi Koga, Naruo Nikoh, et al. "Symbiotic Bacteria Associated with Stomach Discs of Human Lice." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72, no. 11 (2006): 7349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01429-06.

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ABSTRACT The symbiotic bacteria associated with the stomach disc, a large aggregate of bacteriocytes on the ventral side of the midgut, of human body and head lice were characterized. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the symbionts formed a distinct and well-defined clade in the Gammaproteobacteria. The sequences exhibited AT-biased nucleotide composition and accelerated molecular evolution. In situ hybridization revealed that in nymphs and adult males, the symbiont was localized in the stomach disc, while in adult females, the symbiont was not in the stoma

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Galli, Paolo, Fabrizio Stefani, Francesca Benzoni, and Aldo Zullini. "Introduction of Alien Host–parasite Complexes in a Natural Environment and the Symbiota Concept." Hydrobiologia 548, no. 1 (2005): 293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-005-3645-0.

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Fukatsu, Takema, Naruo Nikoh, Rena Kawai, and Ryuichi Koga. "The Secondary Endosymbiotic Bacterium of the Pea Aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Insecta: Homoptera)." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 7 (2000): 2748–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.7.2748-2758.2000.

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ABSTRACT The secondary intracellular symbiotic bacterium (S-symbiont) of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum was investigated to determine its prevalence among strains, its phylogenetic position, its localization in the host insect, its ultrastructure, and the cytology of the endosymbiotic system. A total of 14 aphid strains were examined, and the S-symbiont was detected in 4 Japanese strains by diagnostic PCR. Two types of eubacterial 16S ribosomal DNA sequences were identified in disymbiotic strains; one of these types was obtained from the primary symbiont Buchnera sp., and the other was obta

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Miller, Jacob W., Colleen R. Bocke, Andrew R. Tresslar, Emily M. Schniepp, and Susanne DiSalvo. "Paraburkholderia Symbionts Display Variable Infection Patterns That Are Not Predictive of Amoeba Host Outcomes." Genes 11, no. 6 (2020): 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11060674.

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Symbiotic interactions exist within a parasitism to mutualism continuum that is influenced, among others, by genes and context. Dynamics of intracellular invasion, replication, and prevalence may underscore both host survivability and symbiont stability. More infectious symbionts might exert higher corresponding costs to hosts, which could ultimately disadvantage both partners. Here, we quantify infection patterns of diverse Paraburkholderia symbiont genotypes in their amoeba host Dictyostelium discoideum and probe the relationship between these patterns and host outcomes. We exposed D. discoi

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Murti, Damar Bayu, A. B. Susanto, Ocky Karna Radjasa, and Ferdy Semuel Rondonuwu. "Pigments Characterization and Molecular Identification of Bacterial Symbionts of Brown Algae Padinasp. Collected from Karimunjawa Island." ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences 21, no. 2 (2016): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ik.ijms.21.2.58-64.

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The search for carotenoids in nature has been extensively studied because of their applications in foods. One treasure of the biopigment source is symbiotic-microorganisms with marine biota. The advantages of symbiont bacteria are easy to culture and sensitize pigments. The use of symbiont bacteria helps to conserve fish, coral reefs, seagrass, and seaweed. Therefore, the bacteria keeps their existence in their ecosystems. In this study, bacterial symbionts were successfully isolated from brown algae Padina sp. The bacterial symbionts had yellow pigment associated with carotenoids. The pigment

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Chong, Rebecca A., and Nancy A. Moran. "Intraspecific genetic variation in hosts affects regulation of obligate heritable symbionts." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 46 (2016): 13114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1610749113.

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Symbiotic relationships promote biological diversification by unlocking new ecological niches. Over evolutionary time, hosts and symbionts often enter intimate and permanent relationships, which must be maintained and regulated for both lineages to persist. Many insect species harbor obligate, heritable symbiotic bacteria that provision essential nutrients and enable hosts to exploit niches that would otherwise be unavailable. Hosts must regulate symbiont population sizes, but optimal regulation may be affected by the need to respond to the ongoing evolution of symbionts, which experience high

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Ikuta, Tetsuro, Kanae Igawa, Akihiro Tame, et al. "Surfing the vegetal pole in a small population: extracellular vertical transmission of an 'intracellular' deep-sea clam symbiont." Royal Society Open Science 3, no. 5 (2016): 160130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160130.

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Symbiont transmission is a key event for understanding the processes underlying symbiotic associations and their evolution. However, our understanding of the mechanisms of symbiont transmission remains still fragmentary. The deep-sea clam Calyptogena okutanii harbours obligate sulfur-oxidizing intracellular symbiotic bacteria in the gill epithelial cells. In this study, we determined the localization of their symbiont associating with the spawned eggs, and the population size of the symbiont transmitted via the eggs. We show that the symbionts are located on the outer surface of the egg plasma

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