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Journal articles on the topic 'Symbiotic relationships'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Anhê, Fernando F., Nicole G. Barra, and Jonathan D. Schertzer. "Glucose alters the symbiotic relationships between gut microbiota and host physiology." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 318, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): E111—E116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00485.2019.

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Bacteria and mammals exhibit all aspects of symbiosis. Metabolic flux in bacteria and in specific host cells can influence host-microbe symbiotic relationships and tip the balance between mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism. The relationship between microbes and host metabolism is bidirectional: microbes can influence host blood glucose, but glucose levels can influence the microbiota and host response to specific bacteria. A key consideration determining symbiotic relationships is compartmentalization of bacterial niches by mucosal, chemical, and physical barriers of the gut. We propose that compartmentalization of glucose levels in the blood versus the intestinal lumen is another important factor dictating host-microbe symbiosis. Host glucose and specific bacteria can modify the intestinal barrier, immune function, and antimicrobial defenses, which can then break down compartmentalization of microbes, alter glucose levels and impact symbiosis. Determining how glucose metabolism promotes mutualistic, commensal, and parasitic relationships within the entire microbiota community is relevant to glucose control in diabetes and enteric infections, which occur more often and have worse outcomes in diabetics.

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Souza Monteiro, Roberto Luiz, Flávio De Souza Marinho, and Renelson Ribeiro Sampaio. "Complementarity of Strategic Assets." Obra digital, no. 19 (September 30, 2020): 149–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.25029/od.2020.276.19.

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This article proposes and demonstrates the Evolutionary Model of Symbiotic Relationships for Innovation, which aims to evaluate the propensity to establish mutualistic symbiotic relationships between corporations and startups, considering evidence of the complementarity of strategic assets for innovation of these organizations. Inspired by the concept of symbiosis, the goal is to identify the pairs with the greatest complementarity of strategic resources necessary for the generation and capture of the value of innovation projects and determine if this relationship promotes gains for both parties. Results show a correlation between the propensity indicated by the model and the selection actually performed.

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Puce, Stefania, Carlo Cerrano, Cristina Gioia Di Camillo, and Giorgio Bavestrello. "Hydroidomedusae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) symbiotic radiation." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 88, no. 8 (December 2008): 1715–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315408002233.

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Hydroids can establish symbiotic relationships with most marine phyla. Almost entire genera or even families are associated with specific groups (e.g. Hydractiniidae and Cytaeididae with gastropods and hermit crabs, Zancleidae with bryozoans,Dipurenawith sponges,Ralphariawith octocorals,Eugymnantheawith bivalves,ProboscidactylaandTeissierawith serpulids,Bythotiarawith tunicates). Generally, the symbiotic groups belong to the Anthomedusae that, due to the absence of theca, are more plastic in establishing trophic relationships with the hosts. Nevertheless a number of scattered species, mainly Leptomedusae, are strictly associated to algae or sea grasses: in these cases no evident morphological or behavioural adaptations were observed. In animal symbiosis several unrelated symbiotic species show polymorphic colonies or a strong reduction in number and/or size of the tentacles, which are sometimes completely lost. Moreover, these symbiotic species may lack perisarc even in the hydrorhiza.In this paper we summarize the morphological and behavioural adaptations of symbiotic species suggesting that the described aptitude of hydroids to establish relationships with other organisms is not only the result but also the source of the evolutionary radiation of this group.

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VON JACOBI, NADIA. "Institutional interconnections: understanding symbiotic relationships." Journal of Institutional Economics 14, no. 5 (December 19, 2017): 853–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744137417000558.

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AbstractInstitutions are the driving features of economic and human development. Together with other social structures they influence the trajectories of societal change. Such factors are however tightly connected and should not be analysed in isolation but considered as interdependent with each other. This study contributes to the understanding of interconnections among institutions and other structural factors by focusing on two features: the manifold nature of linkages and the possibility of relations being asymmetric. An analogy tosymbiotic relationships, common in ecology, serves as inspiration for an innovative methodological strategy to empirically study multiple interconnections. Focusing on the Brazilian municipality level, the study includes 54 structural factors in a correlation network. Empirical results include the identification ofcentroids, meaning most connected factors, which tend to gain or lose importance at higher levels of municipal development; and the identification of positive asymmetric relationships between structural factors, which may inform on system dynamics.

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Kisseleva, E. P. "Innate immunity underlies symbiotic relationships." Biochemistry (Moscow) 79, no. 12 (December 2014): 1273–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0006297914120013.

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Moran, Nancy A., Jacob A. Russell, Ryuichi Koga, and Takema Fukatsu. "Evolutionary Relationships of Three New Species of Enterobacteriaceae Living as Symbionts of Aphids and Other Insects." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 6 (June 2005): 3302–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.6.3302-3310.2005.

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ABSTRACT Ecological studies on three bacterial lineages symbiotic in aphids have shown that they impose a variety of effects on their hosts, including resistance to parasitoids and tolerance to heat stress. Phylogenetic analyses of partial sequences of gyrB and recA are consistent with previous analyses limited to 16S rRNA gene sequences and yield improved confidence of the evolutionary relationships of these symbionts. All three symbionts are in the Enterobacteriaceae. One of the symbionts, here given the provisional designation “Candidatus Serratia symbiotica,” is a Serratia species that has acquired a symbiotic lifestyle. The other two symbionts, here designated “Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa” and “Candidatus Regiella insecticola,” are sister groups to one another and together show a relationship to species of Photorhabdus.

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Thomas, H. Randolph, Michael J. Horman, and Ubiraci Espinelli Lemes de Souza. "Symbiotic Crew Relationships and Labor Flow." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 130, no. 6 (December 2004): 908–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9364(2004)130:6(908).

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8

Pandharikar, Gaurav, Jean-Luc Gatti, Jean-Christophe Simon, Pierre Frendo, and Marylène Poirié. "Aphid infestation differently affects the defences of nitrate-fed and nitrogen-fixing Medicago truncatula and alters symbiotic nitrogen fixation." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1934 (September 2, 2020): 20201493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.1493.

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Legumes can meet their nitrogen requirements through root nodule symbiosis, which could also trigger plant systemic resistance against pests. The pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum , a legume pest, can harbour different facultative symbionts (FS) influencing various traits of their hosts. It is therefore worth determining if and how the symbionts of the plant and the aphid modulate their interaction. We used different pea aphid lines without FS or with a single one ( Hamiltonella defensa , Regiella insecticola, Serratia symbiotica ) to infest Medicago truncatula plants inoculated with Sinorhizobium meliloti (symbiotic nitrogen fixation, SNF) or supplemented with nitrate (non-inoculated, NI). The growth of SNF and NI plants was reduced by aphid infestation, while aphid weight (but not survival) was lowered on SNF compared to NI plants. Aphids strongly affected the plant nitrogen fixation depending on their symbiotic status, suggesting indirect relationships between aphid- and plant-associated microbes. Finally, all aphid lines triggered expression of Pathogenesis-Related Protein 1 ( PR1 ) and Proteinase Inhibitor (PI) , respective markers for salicylic and jasmonic pathways, in SNF plants, compared to only PR1 in NI plants. We demonstrate that the plant symbiotic status influences plant–aphid interactions while that of the aphid can modulate the amplitude of the plant's defence response.

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De Falco, Stefano. "Symbiotic Relationships between SEZ and Urban Societies." ARCHIVIO DI STUDI URBANI E REGIONALI, no. 128 (August 2020): 132–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/asur2020-128008.

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The scientific debate on Special Economic Zones (SEZ) shows many contributions, however the present work intends to offer an original perspective to this theme based on a comparison, through a systemic approach, between the sociourban variables, that make up the symbiotic relationships between SEZ, and urban society. A focus on the SEZ settled in the east of Naples, Italy, is also proposed, which well allows to highlight the investigated socio-urban aspects.

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10

Kisseleva, E. P. "ACCEPTIVE IMMUNITY — A BASIS FOR SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS." Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity 5, no. 2 (June 27, 2015): 113–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15789/2220-7619-2015-2-113-130.

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Koch, Kathleen, and Carolynne Jarvis. "Symbiotic Mother–Daughter Relationships in Incest Families." Social Casework 68, no. 2 (February 1987): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104438948706800205.

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12

Zgadzaj, Rafal, Ruben Garrido-Oter, Dorthe Bodker Jensen, Anna Koprivova, Paul Schulze-Lefert, and Simona Radutoiu. "Root nodule symbiosis in Lotus japonicus drives the establishment of distinctive rhizosphere, root, and nodule bacterial communities." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 49 (November 18, 2016): E7996—E8005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1616564113.

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Lotus japonicus has been used for decades as a model legume to study the establishment of binary symbiotic relationships with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia that trigger root nodule organogenesis for bacterial accommodation. Using community profiling of 16S rRNA gene amplicons, we reveal that in Lotus, distinctive nodule- and root-inhabiting communities are established by parallel, rather than consecutive, selection of bacteria from the rhizosphere and root compartments. Comparative analyses of wild-type (WT) and symbiotic mutants in Nod factor receptor5 (nfr5), Nodule inception (nin) and Lotus histidine kinase1 (lhk1) genes identified a previously unsuspected role of the nodulation pathway in the establishment of different bacterial assemblages in the root and rhizosphere. We found that the loss of nitrogen-fixing symbiosis dramatically alters community structure in the latter two compartments, affecting at least 14 bacterial orders. The differential plant growth phenotypes seen between WT and the symbiotic mutants in nonsupplemented soil were retained under nitrogen-supplemented conditions that blocked the formation of functional nodules in WT, whereas the symbiosis-impaired mutants maintain an altered community structure in the nitrogen-supplemented soil. This finding provides strong evidence that the root-associated community shift in the symbiotic mutants is a direct consequence of the disabled symbiosis pathway rather than an indirect effect resulting from abolished symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Our findings imply a role of the legume host in selecting a broad taxonomic range of root-associated bacteria that, in addition to rhizobia, likely contribute to plant growth and ecological performance.

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Bazin, Jérémie, Pilar Bustos-Sanmamed, Caroline Hartmann, Christine Lelandais-Brière, and Martin Crespi. "Complexity of miRNA-dependent regulation in root symbiosis." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 367, no. 1595 (June 5, 2012): 1570–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0228.

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The development of root systems may be strongly affected by the symbiotic interactions that plants establish with soil organisms. Legumes are able to develop symbiotic relationships with both rhizobial bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi leading to the formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules and mycorrhizal arbuscules, respectively. Both of these symbiotic interactions involve complex cellular reprogramming and profound morphological and physiological changes in specific root cells. In addition, the repression of pathogenic defence responses seems to be required for successful symbiotic interactions. Apart from typical regulatory genes, such as transcription factors, microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as riboregulators that control gene networks in eukaryotic cells through interactions with specific target mRNAs. In recent years, the availability of deep-sequencing technologies and the development of in silico approaches have allowed for the identification of large sets of miRNAs and their targets in legumes . A number of conserved and legume-specific miRNAs were found to be associated with symbiotic interactions as shown by their expression patterns or actions on symbiosis-related targets. In this review, we combine data from recent literature and genomic and deep-sequencing data on miRNAs controlling nodule development or restricting defence reactions to address the diversity and specificity of miRNA-dependent regulation in legume root symbiosis. Phylogenetic analysis of miRNA isoforms and their potential targets suggests a role for miRNAs in the repression of plant defence during symbiosis and revealed the evolution of miRNA-dependent regulation in legumes to allow for the modification of root cell specification, such as the formation of mycorrhized roots and nitrogen-fixing nodules.

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Zhang, Chi, Changyong Liang, Chao Zhang, and Yiming Ma. "Symbiosis Evolution Model and Behavior of Multiple Resource Agents in the Smart Elderly Care Service Ecosystem." Symmetry 13, no. 4 (March 29, 2021): 570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym13040570.

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Population aging has become an important factor restricting China′s social and economic development. The smart health and elderly care industry has developed rapidly in the past five years. However, the service resources among various elderly service providers are relatively isolated and scattered. In other words, the core management problem in the components of the smart elderly care service ecosystem is how to deal with the relationships of interest among multiple resource agents. Thus, the main contribution of this study is to employ symbiosis theory and the logistic growth model to construct a model of the evolution of the symbiosis of multiple resource agents in the smart elderly care service ecosystem. Then, we carry out a stability analysis, and analyze the evolutionary model of two resource agents′ symbiosis under different values of interdependence coefficients. Finally, we use computer simulations to dynamically simulate the model and comparatively analyze the population density of the hospital–nursing home symbiotic relationship using real cases in China. According to the study, we find that the enterprise goal in the smart elderly care service ecosystem should be to maximize the overall value of the multiple resource agents, and the result of the symbiotic evolution between different resource agents depends on the symbiotic interdependence coefficient, while the resource agent uses different strategies under different symbiosis models. Therefore, regulation is needed to ensure the relative fairness of the distribution of value co-creation in the smart elderly care service ecosystem when the resource agent takes actions that benefit itself. Of course, when the ecosystem is in a reciprocal symbiosis model, each resource agent benefits from the activities of the other resource agents, which is ideal in reality; in other words, the best symbiosis model between the two resource agents should be the similar reciprocal symbiosis model.

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Abbass, Hussein, Eleni Petraki, Aya Hussein, Finlay McCall, and Sondoss Elsawah. "A model of symbiomemesis: machine education and communication as pillars for human-autonomy symbiosis." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 379, no. 2207 (August 16, 2021): 20200364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2020.0364.

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Symbiosis is a physiological phenomenon where organisms of different species develop social interdependencies through partnerships. Artificial agents need mechanisms to build their capacity to develop symbiotic relationships. In this paper, we discuss two pillars for these mechanisms: machine education (ME) and bi-directional communication. ME is a new revolution in artificial intelligence (AI) which aims at structuring the learning journey of AI-enabled autonomous systems. In addition to the design of a systematic curriculum, ME embeds the body of knowledge necessary for the social integration of AI, such as ethics, moral values and trust, into the evolutionary design and learning of the AI. ME promises to equip AI with skills to be ready to develop logic-based symbiosis with humans and in a manner that leads to a trustworthy and effective steady-state through the mental interaction between humans and autonomy; a state we name symbiomemesis to differentiate it from ecological symbiosis. The second pillar, bi-directional communication as a discourse enables information to flow between the AI systems and humans. We combine machine education and communication theory as the two prerequisites for symbiosis of AI agents and present a formal computational model of symbiomemesis to enable symbiotic human-autonomy teaming. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Towards symbiotic autonomous systems’.

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Junghare, Indira Y. "Pluralism and Symbiotic Relationships: A Path to Peace." International Journal of Diversity in Organizations, Communities, and Nations: Annual Review 8, no. 6 (2009): 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1447-9532/cgp/v08i06/39676.

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17

Mabu, Shingo, Masanao Obayashi, and Takashi Kuremoto. "Reinforcement Learning with Symbiotic Relationships for Multiagent Environments." Journal of Robotics, Networking and Artificial Life 2, no. 1 (2015): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/jrnal.2015.2.1.10.

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18

Mohan, Chander. "Turf wars in radiology: Need for symbiotic relationships." Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging 26, no. 4 (2016): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.195785.

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19

TANAKA, Jiro. "Symbiotic Relationships between Man and Nature-African Examples." Tropics 1, no. 2/3 (1991): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3759/tropics.1.191.

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Francke, Oscar F., and Gabriel A. Villegas-Guzmán. "SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PSEUDOSCORPIONS (ARACHNIDA) AND PACKRATS (RODENTIA)." Journal of Arachnology 34, no. 2 (August 2006): 289–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1636/04-36.1.

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Ohkuma, Moriya, Satoko Noda, and Toshiaki Kudo. "Phylogenetic relationships of symbiotic methanogens in diverse termites." FEMS Microbiology Letters 171, no. 2 (February 1999): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb13425.x.

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22

Battistella-Lima, Suzana, Tânia Veludo-de-Oliveira, and Edgard Barki. "Symbiotic relationships in educational services for vulnerable adolescents." Journal of Services Marketing 34, no. 6 (May 7, 2020): 819–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsm-08-2019-0320.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether and to what extent different forms of symbiotic relationships (named mutualism and collaboration) within a usage centre lead to different levels of value in use for its resource integrators. This study focusses on the educational services provided in deprived neighbourhoods to potentially vulnerable adolescents. Design/methodology/approach This study applies a two-phase sequential exploratory mixed-method design. The first phase included a qualitative study that involved both the focal (the students) and peripheral resource integrators (the students’ parents) of a Brazilian educational institution that had exceptional results. The qualitative findings were used to build a comparative multi-group survey with four subgroups in which 530 peripheral resource integrators participated. Findings A mutualistic educational institution in which the participation of students’ parents is mandatory creates more value in use than collaborative institutions in which parental participation is optional. In the context of educational services for vulnerable adolescents, value in use is echoed in the coexistence of families, greater caring about the students, and the encouragement from the adolescents’ positive beliefs about education and respectful relationships with others. Social implications Initiatives aimed at addressing social issues regarding children or adolescents in situations of vulnerability will achieve better results if their families are contemplated and involved. Originality/value This study is the first to empirically test Kleinaltenkamp et al.’s usage centre framework (2017). In so doing, the study advances the understanding of how the interdependence of actors in the usage processes leads to value creation for vulnerable populations.

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Yu, Meng-Chen, Niklas Dreyer, Gregory Aleksandrovich Kolbasov, Jens Thorvald Høeg, and Benny Kwok Kan Chan. "Sponge symbiosis is facilitated by adaptive evolution of larval sensory and attachment structures in barnacles." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1927 (May 13, 2020): 20200300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2020.0300.

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Symbiotic relations and range of host usage are prominent in coral reefs and crucial to the stability of such systems. In order to explain how symbiotic relations are established and evolve, we used sponge-associated barnacles to ask three questions. (1) Does larval settlement on sponge hosts require novel adaptations facilitating symbiosis? (2) How do larvae settle and start life on their hosts? (3) How has this remarkable symbiotic lifestyle involving many barnacle species evolved? We found that the larvae (cyprids) of sponge-associated barnacles show a remarkably high level of interspecific variation compared with other barnacles. We document that variation in larval attachment devices are specifically related to properties of the surface on which they attach and metamorphose. Mapping of the larval and sponge surface features onto a molecular-based phylogeny showed that sponge symbiosis evolved separately at least three times within barnacles, with the same adaptive features being found in all larvae irrespective of phylogenetic relatedness. Furthermore, the metamorphosis of two species proceeded very differently, with one species remaining superficially on the host and developing a set of white calcareous structures, the other embedding itself into the live host tissue almost immediately after settlement. We argue that such a high degree of evolutionary flexibility of barnacle larvae played an important role in the successful evolution of complex symbiotic relationships in both coral reefs and other marine systems.

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Yurchenko, Vyacheslav, and Julius Lukeš. "Parasites and their (endo)symbiotic microbes." Parasitology 145, no. 10 (August 8, 2018): 1261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182018001257.

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AbstractThanks to modern molecular biology methods, our understanding of the impact of (endo)symbiotic bacteria on parasitic protists and helminths is growing fast. In this issue, 9 papers have been brought together that describe various facets of the relationships between these microorganisms, reveal their range and high frequency, as well as their capacity to create novel biological complexity. Comparative analyses of these host–endosymbiont interactions indicate that there may be no discrete types of relationships but rather a continuum ranging from a dispensable endosymbiont minimally integrated within the host cell to organelles, such as mitochondria and plastids that evolved into an indispensable, deeply integrated components of the cell. We hope that this series of studies on parasites and (endo)symbiotic bacteria will increase awareness about these relationships and their representation in microbial ecology models.

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Penn, A. C., and Ang Liu. "Coevolutionary and Symbiotic Relationships in Design, Manufacturing and Enterprise." Procedia CIRP 70 (2018): 247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2018.02.043.

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Pishdad-Bozorgi, Pardis, and Yvan J. Beliveau. "Symbiotic Relationships between Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) and Trust." International Journal of Construction Education and Research 12, no. 3 (February 19, 2016): 179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15578771.2015.1118170.

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Tsourous, Georgios. "Border Crossing and Symbiotic Relationships between Christians in Jerusalem." Bulletin for the Council for British Research in the Levant 10, no. 1 (November 2015): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1752726015z.00000000030.

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Fourgon, D., G. Lepoint, and I. Eeckhaut. "Assessment of trophic relationships between symbiotic tropical ophiuroids using C and N stable isotope analysis." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 86, no. 6 (December 2006): 1443–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315406014494.

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Analyses of the natural abundance of carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes were performed to investigate the feeding habits of two ophiuroids, Ophiomastix venosa and Ophiocoma scolopendrina, and to assess the potential benefit obtained by the symbiotic Ophiomastix venosa juveniles. A tracer experiment was also carried out to clarify the contribution of algae to the nitrogen uptake amongst the tested ophiuroids. Our results suggest that Ophiocoma scolopendrina adults occupy a higher position in the food web than Ophiomastix venosa and mainly feed on neuston. In contrast, O. venosa adults feed on the alga Sargassum densifolium and on organic matter associated with sediment. Free juveniles and symbiotic juveniles of O. venosa have intermediate δ13C values between both adult species. The high proportion of 13C in the symbiotic juveniles compared to the one in their conspecific adults indicates that their diet slightly differs from the latter and is closer to that of Ophiocoma scolopendrina. This raises the hypothesis that symbiotic juveniles steal neuston from their associated host, O. scolopendrina.

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Sullivan, William. "Wolbachia, bottled water, and the dark side of symbiosis." Molecular Biology of the Cell 28, no. 18 (September 2017): 2343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e17-02-0132.

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Obligate endosymbiosis is operationally defined when loss or removal of the endosymbiont from the host results in the death of both. Whereas these relationships are typically viewed as mutualistic, molecular and cellular analysis reveals numerous instances in which these symbiotic relationships are established by alternative, nonmutualistic strategies. The endosymbiont usurps or integrates into core host processes, creating a need where none previously existed. Here I discuss examples of these addictive symbiotic relationships and how they are a likely outcome of all complex evolving systems.

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Cui, Hua, Changhao Liu, Raymond Côté, and Weifeng Liu. "Understanding the Evolution of Industrial Symbiosis with a System Dynamics Model: A Case Study of Hai Hua Industrial Symbiosis, China." Sustainability 10, no. 11 (October 25, 2018): 3873. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10113873.

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Industrial symbiosis (IS) is a key sub-field in industrial ecology. The field itself assists in developing strategies that support local and regional sustainable development. The evolution of IS is an important topic to be explored. In this paper, we use the system dynamics (SD) method to establish a model of the evolution of industrial symbiosis in the case of Hai Hua Industrial Symbiosis (HHIS). In this model, different scenarios for energy consumption, solid waste utilization, and wastewater utilization were set by changing the parameter values of certain input variables to analyze the evolution of HHIS. In addition, the drivers for IS evolution were investigated qualitatively in this study. The SD model was helpful for visualizing the effects and benefits of reducing the energy consumption, solid waste stock, and wastewater stock that were achieved by establishing symbiotic relationships during the evolution of IS. The results show that the optimization of energy and material flows and other symbiotic benefits can be achieved in HHIS. There are still some challenges that restrict the further evolution of HHIS. Some suggestions are proposed to promote its further evolution.

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Ináncsi, Tamás, András Láng, and Tamás Bereczkei. "Machiavellianism and Adult Attachment in General Interpersonal Relationships and Close Relationships." Europe’s Journal of Psychology 11, no. 1 (February 27, 2015): 139–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v11i1.801.

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Up to the present, the relationship between Machiavellianism and adult attachment has remained a question to be answered in the psychological literature. That is why this study focused on the relationship between Machiavellianism and attachment towards significant others in general interpersonal relationships and in intimate-close relationships. Two attachment tests (Relationship Questionnaire and long-form of Experiences in Close Relationship) and the Mach-IV test were conducted on a sample consisting of 185 subjects. Results have revealed that Machiavellian subjects show a dismissing-avoidant attachment style in their general interpersonal relationships, while avoidance is further accompanied by some characteristics of attachment anxiety in their intimate-close relationships. Our findings further refine the relationship between Machiavellianism and dismissing-avoidant attachment. Machiavellian individuals not only have a negative representation of significant others, but they also tend to seek symbiotic closeness in order to exploit their partners. This ambitendency in distance regulation might be particularly important in understanding the vulnerability of Machiavellian individuals.

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Öpik, Maarja, and Kabir G. Peay. "Mycorrhizal diversity: Diversity of host plants, symbiotic fungi and relationships." Fungal Ecology 24 (December 2016): 103–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.funeco.2016.09.001.

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Kai, Kenji. "Bacterial quorum sensing in symbiotic and pathogenic relationships with hosts." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 82, no. 3 (February 9, 2018): 363–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09168451.2018.1433992.

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Hecht, Luke B. B., Peter C. Thompson, and Benjamin M. Rosenthal. "Comparative demography elucidates the longevity of parasitic and symbiotic relationships." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1888 (October 3, 2018): 20181032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1032.

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Parasitic and symbiotic relationships govern vast nutrient and energy flows, yet controversy surrounds their longevity. Enduring relationships may engender parallel phylogenies among hosts and parasites, but so may ephemeral relationships when parasites colonize related hosts. An understanding of whether symbiont and host populations have grown and contracted in concert would be useful when considering the temporal durability of these relationships. Here, we devised methods to compare demographic histories derived from genomic data. We compared the historical growth of the agent of severe human malaria, Plasmodium falciparum , and its mosquito vector, Anopheles gambiae , to human and primate histories, thereby discerning long-term parallels and anthropogenic population explosions. The growth history of Trichinella spiralis , a zoonotic parasite disseminated by swine, proved regionally specific, paralleling distinctive growth histories for wild boar in Asia and Europe. Parallel histories were inferred for an anemone and its algal symbiont ( Exaiptasia pallida and Symbiodinium minutum ). Concerted growth in potatoes and the agent of potato blight ( Solanum tuberosum and Phytophthora infestans ) did not commence until the age of potato domestication. Through these examples, we illustrate the utility of comparative historical demography as a new exploratory tool by which to interrogate the origins and durability of myriad ecological relationships. To facilitate future use of this approach, we introduce a tool called C-PSMC to align and evaluate the similarity of demographic history curves.

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Zhokhov, A. E., and V. N. Mikheev. "Symbiotic relationships of coral fish influence their infection by macroparasites." Doklady Biological Sciences 462, no. 1 (May 2015): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0012496615030072.

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Nakayama, Takuro, Mami Nomura, Yoshihito Takano, Goro Tanifuji, Kogiku Shiba, Kazuo Inaba, Yuji Inagaki, and Masakado Kawata. "Single-cell genomics unveiled a cryptic cyanobacterial lineage with a worldwide distribution hidden by a dinoflagellate host." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 32 (June 24, 2019): 15973–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1902538116.

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Cyanobacteria are one of the most important contributors to oceanic primary production and survive in a wide range of marine habitats. Much effort has been made to understand their ecological features, diversity, and evolution, based mainly on data from free-living cyanobacterial species. In addition, symbiosis has emerged as an important lifestyle of oceanic microbes and increasing knowledge of cyanobacteria in symbiotic relationships with unicellular eukaryotes suggests their significance in understanding the global oceanic ecosystem. However, detailed characteristics of these cyanobacteria remain poorly described. To gain better insight into marine cyanobacteria in symbiosis, we sequenced the genome of cyanobacteria collected from a cell of a pelagic dinoflagellate that is known to host cyanobacterial symbionts within a specialized chamber. Phylogenetic analyses using the genome sequence revealed that the cyanobacterium represents an underdescribed lineage within an extensively studied, ecologically important group of marine cyanobacteria. Metagenomic analyses demonstrated that this cyanobacterial lineage is globally distributed and strictly coexists with its host dinoflagellates, suggesting that the intimate symbiotic association allowed the cyanobacteria to escape from previous metagenomic studies. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of the protein repertoire with related species indicated that the lineage has independently undergone reductive genome evolution to a similar extent as Prochlorococcus, which has the most reduced genomes among free-living cyanobacteria. Discovery of this cyanobacterial lineage, hidden by its symbiotic lifestyle, provides crucial insights into the diversity, ecology, and evolution of marine cyanobacteria and suggests the existence of other undiscovered cryptic cyanobacterial lineages.

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Becker, Anke, Nicolas Fraysse, and Larissa Sharypova. "Recent Advances in Studies on Structure and Symbiosis-Related Function of Rhizobial K-Antigens and Lipopolysaccharides." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 18, no. 9 (September 2005): 899–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-18-0899.

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Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) and K polysaccharides (K-antigens, capsular polysaccharides, or KPSs) are important for the recognition of the symbiotic partner and the infection process, whereas lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) may function at a later stage of symbiosis. Recently, considerable progress has been made in the structural investigation of rhizobial Kantigens and LPSs. This structural data, together with the availability of more and more mutant data, allows new insights into the structure-function relationships of surface polysaccharides and the mode of their action on host cells. This review focuses on rhizobial LPSs and K-antigens. It gives a condensed overview of the recent developments in analysis of their structures and roles during symbiosis

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Messinese, Elsa, Jeong-Hwan Mun, Li Huey Yeun, Dhileepkumar Jayaraman, Pierre Rougé, Annick Barre, Géraldine Lougnon, et al. "A Novel Nuclear Protein Interacts With the Symbiotic DMI3 Calcium- and Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase of Medicago truncatula." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 20, no. 8 (August 2007): 912–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-20-8-0912.

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Many higher plants establish symbiotic relationships with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi that improve their ability to acquire nutrients from the soil. In addition to establishing AM symbiosis, legumes also enter into a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with bacteria known as rhizobia that results in the formation of root nodules. Several genes involved in the perception and transduction of bacterial symbiotic signals named “Nod factors” have been cloned recently in model legumes through forward genetic approaches. Among them, DMI3(Doesn't Make Infections 3) is a calcium- and calmodulin-dependent kinase required for the establishment of both nodulation and AM symbiosis. We have identified, by a yeast two-hybrid system, a novel protein interacting with DMI3 named IPD3 (Interacting Protein of DMI3). IPD3 is predicted to interact with DMI3 through a C-terminal coiled-coil domain. Chimeric IPD3∷GFP is localized to the nucleus of transformed Medicago truncatula root cells, in which split yellow fluorescent protein assays suggest that IPD3 and DMI3 physically interact in Nicotiana benthamiana. Like DMI3, IPD3 is extremely well conserved among the angiosperms and is absent from Arabidopsis. Despite this high level of conservation, none of the homologous proteins have a demonstrated biological or biochemical function. This work provides the first evidence of the involvement of IPD3 in a nuclear interaction with DMI3.

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Mies, M., C. R. Voolstra, C. B. Castro, D. O. Pires, E. N. Calderon, and P. Y. G. Sumida. "Expression of a symbiosis-specific gene in Symbiodinium type A1 associated with coral, nudibranch and giant clam larvae." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 5 (May 2017): 170253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170253.

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Symbiodinium are responsible for the majority of primary production in coral reefs and found in a mutualistic symbiosis with multiple animal phyla. However, little is known about the molecular signals involved in the establishment of this symbiosis and whether it initiates during host larval development. To address this question, we monitored the expression of a putative symbiosis-specific gene (H + -ATPase) in Symbiodinium A1 ex hospite and in association with larvae of a scleractinian coral ( Mussismilia hispida ), a nudibranch ( Berghia stephanieae ) and a giant clam ( Tridacna crocea ). We acquired broodstock for each host, induced spawning and cultured the larvae. Symbiodinium cells were offered and larval samples taken for each host during the first 72 h after symbiont addition. In addition, control samples including free-living Symbiodinium and broodstock tissue containing symbionts for each host were collected. RNA extraction and RT-PCR were performed and amplified products cloned and sequenced. Our results show that H + -ATPase was expressed in Symbiodinium associated with coral and giant clam larvae, but not with nudibranch larvae, which digested the symbionts. Broodstock tissue for coral and giant clam also expressed H + -ATPase, but not the nudibranch tissue sample. Our results of the expression of H + -ATPase as a marker gene suggest that symbiosis between Symbiodinium and M. hispida and T. crocea is established during host larval development. Conversely, in the case of B. stephanieae larvae, evidence does not support a mutualistic relationship. Our study supports the utilization of H + -ATPase expression as a marker for assessing Symbiodinium– invertebrate relationships with applications for the differentiation of symbiotic and non-symbiotic associations. At the same time, insights from a single marker gene approach are limited and future studies should direct the identification of additional symbiosis-specific genes, ideally from both symbiont and host.

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Chong, Rebecca A., and Nancy A. Moran. "Intraspecific genetic variation in hosts affects regulation of obligate heritable symbionts." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 46 (October 31, 2016): 13114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1610749113.

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Symbiotic relationships promote biological diversification by unlocking new ecological niches. Over evolutionary time, hosts and symbionts often enter intimate and permanent relationships, which must be maintained and regulated for both lineages to persist. Many insect species harbor obligate, heritable symbiotic bacteria that provision essential nutrients and enable hosts to exploit niches that would otherwise be unavailable. Hosts must regulate symbiont population sizes, but optimal regulation may be affected by the need to respond to the ongoing evolution of symbionts, which experience high levels of genetic drift and potential selection for selfish traits. We address the extent of intraspecific variation in the regulation of a mutually obligate symbiosis, between the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) and its maternally transmitted symbiont, Buchnera aphidicola. Using experimental crosses to identify effects of host genotypes, we measured symbiont titer, as the ratio of genomic copy numbers of symbiont and host, as well as developmental time and fecundity of hosts. We find a large (>10-fold) range in symbiont titer among genetically distinct aphid lines harboring the same Buchnera haplotype. Aphid clones also vary in fitness, measured as developmental time and fecundity, and genetically based variation in titer is correlated with host fitness, with higher titers corresponding to lower reproductive rates of hosts. Our work shows that obligate symbiosis is not static but instead is subject to short-term evolutionary dynamics, potentially reflecting coevolutionary interactions between host and symbiont.

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Fischer, Johannes H., Heiko U. Wittmer, Endro Setiawan, Sarah Jaffe, and Andrew J. Marshall. "Incipient loss of a rainforest mutualism?" Journal of Threatened Taxa 9, no. 1 (January 26, 2017): 9734. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.2890.9.1.9734-9737.

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We use data from motion-activated remote cameras to document a commensal, and possibly mutualistic, relationship between Bornean Ground Cuckoos and Bearded Pigs in the rainforests of Kalimantan, Indonesia. We hypothesise that birds benefiting from symbiotic relationships may suffer indirect detrimental effects from hunting that targets large mammals in tropical rainforests.

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Harrower, Jennifer T., and Gregory S. Gilbert. "Parasitism to mutualism continuum for Joshua trees inoculated with different communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from a desert elevation gradient." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 27, 2021): e0256068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256068.

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Most desert plants form symbiotic relationships with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), yet fungal identity and impacts on host plants remain largely unknown. Despite widespread recognition of the importance of AMF relationships for plant functioning, we do not know how fungal community structure changes across a desert climate gradient, nor the impacts of different fungal communities on host plant species. Because climate change can shape the distribution of species through effects on species interactions, knowing how the ranges of symbiotic partners are geographically structured and the outcomes of those species interactions informs theory and improves management recommendations. Here we used high throughput sequencing to examine the AMF community of Joshua trees along a climate gradient in Joshua Tree National Park. We then used a range of performance measures and abiotic factors to evaluate how different AMF communities may affect Joshua tree fitness. We found that fungal communities change with elevation resulting in a spectrum of interaction outcomes from mutualism to parasitism that changed with the developmental stage of the plant. Nutrient accumulation and the mycorrhizal growth response of Joshua tree seedlings inoculated with fungi from the lowest (warmest) elevations was first negative, but after 9 months had surpassed that of plants with other fungal treatments. This indicates that low elevation fungi are costly for the plant to initiate symbiosis, yet confer benefits over time. The strong relationship between AMF community and plant growth suggests that variation in AMF community may have long term consequences for plant populations along an elevation gradient.

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Nagelkerken, Ivan, Kylie A. Pitt, Melchior D. Rutte, and Robbert C. Geertsma. "Ocean acidification alters fish–jellyfish symbiosis." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1833 (June 29, 2016): 20161146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.1146.

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Symbiotic relationships are common in nature, and are important for individual fitness and sustaining species populations. Global change is rapidly altering environmental conditions, but, with the exception of coral–microalgae interactions, we know little of how this will affect symbiotic relationships. We here test how the effects of ocean acidification, from rising anthropogenic CO 2 emissions, may alter symbiotic interactions between juvenile fish and their jellyfish hosts. Fishes treated with elevated seawater CO 2 concentrations, as forecast for the end of the century on a business-as-usual greenhouse gas emission scenario, were negatively affected in their behaviour. The total time that fish (yellowtail scad) spent close to their jellyfish host in a choice arena where they could see and smell their host was approximately three times shorter under future compared with ambient CO 2 conditions. Likewise, the mean number of attempts to associate with jellyfish was almost three times lower in CO 2 -treated compared with control fish, while only 63% (high CO 2 ) versus 86% (control) of all individuals tested initiated an association at all. By contrast, none of three fish species tested were attracted solely to jellyfish olfactory cues under present-day CO 2 conditions, suggesting that the altered fish–jellyfish association is not driven by negative effects of ocean acidification on olfaction. Because shelter is not widely available in the open water column and larvae of many (and often commercially important) pelagic species associate with jellyfish for protection against predators, modification of the fish–jellyfish symbiosis might lead to higher mortality and alter species population dynamics, and potentially have flow-on effects for their fisheries.

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Leonidas, Carolina, and Manoel Antônio dos Santos. "SYMBIOTIC ILLUSION AND FEMALE IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION IN EATING DISORDERS: A PSYCHOANALYTICAL PSYCHOSOMATICS’ PERSPECTIVE." Ágora: Estudos em Teoria Psicanalítica 23, no. 1 (April 2020): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-44142020001010.

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Abstract: This study aims primarily to reflect on the role of symbiotic illusion in the construction of female identity in women with eating disorders (ED), using premises from psychoanalytic psychosomatics. Considering ED as psychopathologies related to the affective economy, Oedipal relations play crucial role in the process of identity constitution. Mother-daughter relationships in ED are shaped in the molds of symbiotic illusion, with weak father figures. We presented a case study to briefly illustrate the theoretical framework. The omissive posture of a father to interdict the symbiotic relation leads daughters to find themselves unable to libidinally invest in other objects.

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Orina, A. S., O. P. Gavrilova, T. Yu Gagkaeva, and I. G. Loskutov. "SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN AGGRESSIVE Fusarium AND Alternaria FUNGI COLONIZING OAT GRAIN." Sel'skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya 52, no. 5 (October 2017): 986–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15389/agrobiology.2017.5.986eng.

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Chifiriuc, Mariana, Alexandru Grumezescu, and Veronica Lazar. "Quorum Sensing Inhibitors from the Sea: Lessons from Marine Symbiotic Relationships." Current Organic Chemistry 18, no. 7 (May 31, 2014): 823–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138527281807140515150356.

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Essig, Michael. "Purchasing consortia as symbiotic relationships: developing the concept of “consortium sourcing”." European Journal of Purchasing & Supply Management 6, no. 1 (March 2000): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-7012(99)00031-3.

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Gast, Rebecca J., Robert W. Sanders, and David A. Caron. "Ecological strategies of protists and their symbiotic relationships with prokaryotic microbes." Trends in Microbiology 17, no. 12 (December 2009): 563–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2009.09.001.

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Ohkuma, Moriya, Toshiya Iida, and Toshiaki Kudo. "Phylogenetic relationships of symbiotic spirochetes in the gut of diverse termites." FEMS Microbiology Letters 181, no. 1 (December 1999): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb08834.x.

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Relman, David A. "'Til death do us part': coming to terms with symbiotic relationships." Nature Reviews Microbiology 6, no. 10 (October 2008): 721–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro1990.

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