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1
Aldrete, Gregory S. "Hammers, Axes, Bulls, and Blood: Some Practical Aspects of Roman Animal Sacrifice." Journal of Roman Studies 104 (May 21, 2014): 28–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0075435814000033.
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AbstractAnimal sacrifice was a central component of ancient Roman religion, but scholars have tended to focus on the symbolic aspects of these rituals, while glossing over the practical challenges involved in killing large, potentially unruly creatures, such as bulls. The traditional explanation is that the animal was struck on the head with a hammer or an axe to stun it, then had its throat cut. Precisely how axes, hammers, and knives were employed remains unexplained. This article draws upon ancient sculpture, comparative historical sources, and animal physiology to argue that the standard interpretation is incomplete, and, in its place, offers a detailed analysis of exactly how the killing and bleeding of bovines was accomplished and the distinct purposes of hammers and axes within these rituals.
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Rodrigues, Hillary Peter. "Fluid control: Orchestrating blood flow in the Durgā Pūjā." Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 38, no. 2 (June 2009): 263–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000842980903800204.
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Tantric rituals are often concerned with the manipulation of life fluids. The Bengali Durgā Pūjā, an annual worship celebration for the Hindu Great Goddess, is an example of an essentially Tantric ritual with orthodox Vedic and Puranic features. Although the overt rationales for the ritual have undergone changes over the centuries, from its martial origins to socio-economic display, the liturgy offers an underlying rationale that reveals its Tantric interests. Ritual features, symbolic elements, and the states and statuses of the actors during the enactment of the Durgā Pūjā demonstrate its concern with orchestrating the flow of female reproductive fluids through a ritual manipulation of the divine feminine. This paper will articulate the most salient of those aspects. Although often overlooked, because of its non-Tantric façade, the Bengali Durga Pūjā points us to a valuable resource for the study of Hindu Śākta Tantrism.
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Venkataraman, Srinivasan, and Semmal Syed Meerasa. "Analysis of relationship between memory functions and blood indices across parturition in primigravidae." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, no. 4 (March 30, 2017): 1455. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20171409.
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Background: Psychoneuroendocrinology is a nascent and vibrant field of endocrinology, revealing the unexplored paths of the diversifying field relating to cognitive functions and blood indices which is an interesting learning arena. This work, establishes the relationship of cognitive status and blood indices across parturition among the same subjects.Methods: The experimental design aimed at administration of cognitive assessment function tests as per Wechsler’s memory scale to pregnant subjects and getting specific blood parameters analysed across parturition. The statistical analysis included regression analysis to eliminate the effect of age on the parameters considered and a paired T test to establish relationship across parturition among the same subjects.Results: Cognitive assessment of the subjects clearly revealed that the following aspects of cognitive functions during conception are significantly impaired post parturition general memory, mental control 1, 2, 3, immediate recall memory. (Mental control 4 and 5). Symbolic memory (observations). Whereas the following cognitive functions of the same subjects during conception, are NOT significantly impaired post parturition, orientation, digit cognition (mental control 6 and 7). In the case of blood indices, as per the results obtained, it is quite clearly evident that the following blood parameters of the same subjects showed statistically significant difference during conception compared to post parturition. Mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Whereas the following blood parameters of the same subjects showed NO statistically significant difference during conception compared to post parturition, haemoglobin (Hb), total count (TC), platelet count (PC)Conclusions: The domain of cognition related to immediate and recent memory functions, Mean corpuscular blood indices have shown significant variation during pregnancy compared to post parturition. Therefore, the parameters considered in this study indirectly reflects upon the hormonal influence on cognition and blood indices, further studies will help venture more into this newer field of psycho endoneuroimmunology.
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Lebreton, Karine, Béatrice Desgranges, Brigitte Landeau, Jean-Claude Baron, and Francis Eustache. "Visual Priming Within and Across Symbolic Format Using a Tachistoscopic Picture Identification Task: A PET Study." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 13, no. 5 (July 1, 2001): 670–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/089892901750363226.
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The present work was aimed at characterizing picture priming effects from two complementary behavioral and functional neuroimaging (positron emission tomography, PET) studies. In two experiments, we used the same line drawings of common living/nonliving objects in a tachistoscopic identification task to contrast two forms of priming. In the within-format priming condition (picture-picture), subjects were instructed to perform a perceptual encoding task in the study phase, whereas in the cross-format priming condition (word-picture), they were instructed to perform a semantic encoding task. In Experiment 1, we showed significant priming effects in both priming conditions. However, the magnitude of priming effects in the same-format/perceptual encoding condition was higher than that in the different-format/semantic encoding condition, while the recognition performance did not differ between the two conditions. This finding supports the existence of two forms of priming that may be subserved by different systems. Consistent with these behavioral findings, the PET data for Experiment 2 revealed distinct priming-related patterns of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) decreases for the two priming conditions when primed items were compared to unprimed items. The same-format priming condition involved reductions in cerebral activity particularly in the right extrastriate cortex and left cerebellum, while the different-format priming condition was associated with rCBF decreases in the left inferior temporo-occipital cortex, left frontal regions, and the right cerebellum. These results suggest that the extrastriate cortex may subserve general aspects of perceptual priming, independent of the kind of stimuli, and that the right part of this cortex could underlie the same-format-specific system for pictures. These data also support the idea that the cross-format/semantic encoding priming for pictures represents a form of lexico-semantic priming subserved by a semantic neural network extending from left temporo-occipital cortex to left frontal regions. These results reinforce the distinction between perceptual and conceptual priming for pictures, indicating that different cerebral processes and systems are implicated in these two forms of picture priming.
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Murnaghan, Ann Marie F. "The City, the Country, and Toronto’s Bloor Viaduct, 1897–1919." Articles 42, no. 1 (February 3, 2014): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1022058ar.
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There are certain structures in cities that exemplify the grandiose designs of the city builders at the turn of the twentieth century. The Prince Edward or Bloor Viaduct is one of these structures crossing Toronto’s key landform, the Don Valley, immortalized in Michael Ondaatje’s In the Skin of a Lion. Plans to build the bridge emerged as early as 1897, although the construction did not begin until 1913. The Bloor Viaduct can help us consider the progressive era by examining how discussions of nature/culture and country/city were incorporated into the discourses of its planning and construction. Technically, the bridge was an engineering feat spanning three valleys, making east-west travel in the growing city more efficient, improving the transportation of food and lumber. Symbolically, this monument highlighted the ability to overcome nature with a bridge and bring an aestheticized nature to the city. This contradiction between overcoming and improving access to nature is built into the bridge’s planning and construction history. By exploring the symbolic and material aspects of this bridge, the contradictions of nature in the process of nation building appear more striking.
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Carroll, Clare. "Representations of Women in Some Early Modern English Tracts on the Colonization of Ireland." Albion 25, no. 3 (1993): 379–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4050874.
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Since D. B. Quinn's The Elizabethans and the Irish, the history of early modern Ireland has been the subject of a wide range of studies, but only recently has women's role in that history received attention. Similarly, Nicholas Canny's article on “Edmund Spenser and the Development of an Anglo-Irish Identity” initiated a debate about whether sixteenth-century tracts on Ireland express a unified colonialist ideology, but only recently has the construction of sexuality in these texts come under scrutiny. It is not surprising that those who study the history of women in early modern Ireland do not often turn to the English tracts for evidence, except with great caution and reservation. So much related in these documents is indebted to the stereotypes of a colonialist discourse, initiated by Giraldus Cambrensis in the twelfth century, rather than to observation or encounter. Recent work on the history of women in early modern Ireland presents us with a sense of what is not being represented in the English settlers' descriptions. Such aspects of women's lives in Gaelic Ireland as their right to hold and acquire their own land and to keep their own names while married are not referred to in these tracts. These tracts do not yield transparent information about actual Irish women of the period, although there are fascinating references to their activities. Spenser writes that Irish women had “the trust and care of all things both at home and in the fields.” And at least one woman, the foster mother of Murrogh O'Brien, is said to have drunk the blood of her child's head as she grieved when he had been drawn and quartered by the English. The character of these texts as colonialist discourse makes the representation of women as a symbolic category or “gender” the more useful focus rather than some unmediated sense of “women.”
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Poggi, Isabella. "Symbolic gestures." Gesture 2, no. 1 (December 31, 2002): 71–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/gest.2.1.05pog.
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The paper describes some aspects of symbolic gestures, by providing examples from the Italian symbolic gestures, the autonomous culturally codified gestures used by Italian hearing people in everyday communication. It shows how the signal, the meaning and the norms of use of each gesture can be analyzed. The semantic aspects of symbolic gestures (context of use, synonyms, verbal formulation, meaning, grammatical and pragmatic classification) are illustrated in detail, a semantic typology of Italian symbolic gestures is presented, and it is shown how rhetorical figures are at work in their meanings as a source for synchronic polysemy and diachronic evolution. The paper finally presents the structure of the Italian gestionary, a dictionary in progress of Italian symbolic gestures.
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Purcar, Cristina. "A Tale of Two Lines: “The Transylvanian” and “The Imperial”: Mapping Territorial Integration through Railway Architecture." Social Science History 45, no. 2 (2021): 317–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2021.2.
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AbstractWhile states undertook railway construction targeting economic and military objectives, this article questions whether and to which extent their symbolic territorial cohesion was also at stake. The hypothesis we aim to verify is that railway buildings acted as recurrent visual signifiers of territorial coherence and had, therefore, the potential of being instrumental as state-building tools. This research explores how an architectural reading of railway networks can inform our understanding of state-building projects and processes. We expect that geographically scoped railway architectural history is capable of cross-fertilizing political and planning history, through a better understanding of empire, state, and regional building discourses. The investigation focuses on the stylistic architectural choices of edifices on two trunk lines in Transylvania, North-West Romania, before World War I, while this territory belonged to the Habsburg then, as of 1867, Austro-Hungarian Empire. The large-scale analysis of railway architecture is discussed in relation to railway-line ownership, political (central, regional, and local) agency, economic development, and architectural Zeitgeist, highlighting state-building and territorial integration patterns. The mapping carried out reveals two successive architectural layers. These denote a shift in the role of railway architecture from an initial liberal phase, before the 1880s, to a bloom phase, prior to World War I. While during the former there was little state control over architectural aspects, during the latter architecture became a foremost representation instrument for the state railway administration. At the same time, the extant railway architecture appears as a palimpsest, a genuinely cross-border, European heritage, documenting the dynamics between imperial, state, regional, and local agencies.
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Lubańska, Magdalena. "Między agape a krwawą ofiarą. Kurban w życiu religijnym wyznawców prawosławia (Rodopy Zachodnie, Bułgaria)." Slavia Meridionalis 11 (August 31, 2015): 303–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/sm.2011.018.
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Between agape and blood sacrifice. Kurban in the religious life of Orthodox Christian (Western Rhodopes, Bulgaria)The article is an excerpt of the dissertation „Religious syncretism and anti-syncretism in the light of the coexistence between Muslims (Pomaks) and Orthodox Christians in the Western Rhodope Mountains in Bulgaria”. Dissertation is based on field research I did in 2005–2009 in the area of Gotse Delchev, a town in Blagoevgrad Province. I have interviewed community members invested with considerable symbolic potential, such as the mayor and the mufti, Orthodox clerics, hodjas, teachers and quack doctors. I conducted a total of 63 in-depth interviews with 76 people.My findings show that the local Orthodox population is more susceptible to the influence of Islam than vice versa. What is quite striking in this context is that examples of deep syncretism can actually be found among the Christians. This includes the practice of kurban or blood sacrifice, which they regard as a replication of Abraham’s sacrifice and invest with a level of importance that makes it a central aspect of their religious life (possibly more important than the Eucharist). Although Balkan Slavs had practiced blood sacrifice even before the arrival of Islam in the region, the Christian interpretations of the practice evince deep parallels with the Muslim practice of kurban. Both religious groups identify Abraham’s sacrifice as the origin of the practice, and treat the sacrificial lamb as a substitute for a specific human life.Although the scholar Florentina Badalanova has interestingly suggested that the narrative of Abraham’s sacrifice, which is popular in Bulgarian folklore, may have persisted in an unchanged form ever since it originally emerged in ancient Ur and became transmitted orally to the Balkans, her thesis must remain purely conjectural. Where it comes to the Western Rhodopes, I suppose that the motif of Abraham’s sacrifice filtered into Christian religious symbols and narratives via the traditions of adat Islam, many of which had retained close links with Judaism. By adopting the Ottoman Turkish term (kurban) rather than its Semitic variant (qorban), the Christians also adopted the related set of ideas about the sacrifice and its sacred aetiology. The precise ramifications of this example of deep syncretism for the religious experience of Orthodox Christians, though interesting, would require additional in-depth research.
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Petrovici, Iasmina. "Aspects of Symbolic Communications in Online Advertising." Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 149 (September 2014): 719–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.08.276.
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Hepp, Rolf-Dieter. "Epistemological and Symbolic Aspects of Sociological Thinking." American Journal of Semiotics 33, no. 3 (2017): 333–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ajs20181932.
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Whittaker, Helène. "Social and symbolic aspects of Minoan writing." European Journal of Archaeology 8, no. 1 (2005): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461957105058207.
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This article looks at the non-utilitarian functions of writing in Crete during the Palatial period. It argues that writing was used as a marker of status and prestige and that it was also used for communication with the divine. It also attempts to interpret what have usually been seen as isolated examples of writing systems as pseudo-writing.
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Yang, Kaifeng. "Assessing China's Public Price Hearings: Symbolic Aspects." International Journal of Public Administration 26, no. 5 (May 2003): 497–524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/pad-120019233.
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Bryant, R. E. "Algorithmic Aspects of Symbolic Switch Network Analysis." IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 6, no. 4 (July 1987): 618–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcad.1987.1270309.
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Lengyel, György, and Borbála Göncz. "Symbolic and pragmatic aspects of European identity." Sociologija 48, no. 1 (2006): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc0601001l.
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It seems realistic that one of the long-term preconditions of European integration is the strengthening of European identity. Otherwise, it might happen that a growing split occurs between the elites and the population in the question of integration. In the Western European countries the concepts of Europe and the EU frequently coincide, while in the Eastern European countries Europe has primarily cultural-historical connotations and the EU embodies economic development and welfare. In an international comparison, European identity was stronger in the newly joining countries, but in some of them (i.e. in Hungary and Estonia) the national identity was among the strongest as well. The current study is based on a Hungarian representative survey carried out in 2003 - that is before Hungary joined the European Union. We supposed that class positions, the availability of material, cultural and social resources strongly influence European identity. We examined two aspects of identity, a symbolic and a pragmatic one. The symbolic identity was measured by questions addressing national vs. supra- and sub-national belonging, while pragmatic identity was approached by a question addressing the fair redistribution of taxes among the different levels. We could compare these dimensions and investigate the possible reasons for inconsistencies. .
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Charbonneau, Johanne, and Nathalie Y.-Lang Tran. "The symbolic roots of blood donation." Transfusion 53 (December 2013): 172S—179S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/trf.12477.
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Dow, James. "Universal Aspects of Symbolic Healing: A Theoretical Synthesis." American Anthropologist 88, no. 1 (March 1986): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/aa.1986.88.1.02a00040.
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Buck, Ross. "The neuropsychology of communication: Spontaneous and symbolic aspects." Journal of Pragmatics 22, no. 3-4 (October 1994): 265–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(94)90112-0.
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Tikhomirova, Tatiana, Yulia Kuzmina, and Sergey Malykh. "Does symbolic and non-symbolic estimation ability predict mathematical achievement across primary school years?" ITM Web of Conferences 18 (2018): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20181804006.
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The article presents the results of a longitudinal study of the association between number sense and success in learning mathematics in primary school. We analysed the data of 133 schoolchildren on two aspects of number sense related to the symbolic and non-symbolic magnitude estimation abilities and academic success in mathematics in third and fourth grade. The average age of schoolchildren during the first assessment was 9.82 ± 0.30; during the second assessment – 10.82 ± 0.30. For the analysis of interrelations, the cross-lagged method was used. It was shown that the reciprocal model best describes the data suggesting cross-lagged associations between number sense and the success in learning mathematics at primary school age. The results of the longitudinal analysis revealed differences in the relationship between the success in learning mathematics with the two aspects of number sense: academic success in third grade only predicted the indicator of number sense associated with the symbolic magnitude estimation ability in fourth grade. The differences in the age dynamics of the two aspects of number sense in primary school are also revealed: the indicator of number sense associated with the non-symbolic magnitude estimation ability was the most stable over time.
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Císaro, Sandra Elizabeth González, and Héctor Oscar Nigro. "Symbolic Data Analysis." International Journal of Signs and Semiotic Systems 3, no. 1 (January 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsss.2014010101.
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Standard data mining techniques no longer adequately represent the complexity of the world. So, a new paradigm is necessary. Symbolic Data Analysis is a new type of data analysis that allows us to represent the complexity of reality, maintaining the internal variation and structure developed by Diday (2003). This new paradigm is based on the concept of symbolic object, which is a mathematical model of a concept. In this article the authors are going to present the fundamentals of the symbolic data analysis paradigm and the symbolic object concept. Theoretical aspects and examples allow the authors to understand the SDA paradigm as a tool for mining complex data.
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Liadova, Anna V. "The peculiarities of the development of sociology of medicine as the interdisciplinary scientific direction." Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science 25, no. 1 (April 18, 2019): 42–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24290/1029-3736-2019-25-1-42-61.
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The article examines the main trends in the development of sociology of medicine as a branch of sociology. As it is pointed out by the author, nowadays sociology of medicine is an actual scientific course about social aspects of health and illness, medicine as a social structure. All these items are important under the modern social development. Based on the analysis of the main stages in the history of sociology of medicine, the author notes the contribution of physicians to this process and practical meaning of early studies. The accumulation of empirical knowledge on health led to the theoretical comprehension, that was done by American sociologists, such as T. Parsons, E. Freidson, E. Goffman, H. Becker, R. Merton, and others. The author pays special attention to the study of T. Parsons “The Social System”, in which a structural and functional analysis of medicine as a social institution was presented. After it became obvious that the sociology of medicine can develop not only as an applied field of scientific research, but also a theoretical one. As A.V. Reshetnikov, W. Cockerheim, S. Bloom note, the process of institutionalization of the sociology of medicine ends in the second half of the 20th century in Europe and America, at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st centuries in Russia. The main trends in studies around sociology of medicine are based on such theoretical approaches of sociology as symbolic interactionism, structural functionalism, social constructionism. In conclusion, the author underlines that, the sociology of medicine, like any field of scientific knowledge, reacts dynamically to the ongoing changes in social reality, its structure, social institutions. As a result of this influence, the research field of the sociology of medicine is expanding. Among the topical issues are social inequality in health, the features of the development of digital health, new practices in health, transformation of the value of health in the post-industrial society, pharmaceticisation, biomedicalization, etc.
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Konovalov, Denis A. "Political and Economic Aspects of Symbolic Violence (On the Example of Modern African Dictatorship)." Herald of Omsk University. Series: Historical Studies 7, no. 1 (25) (July 7, 2020): 114–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24147/2312-1300.2020.7(1).114-124.
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The article is devoted to the study of modern African dictatorship in the context of the political and economic aspects of symbolic violence. The main characteristics of the symbolic system of economic violence are formulated. The role of the institutional environment in the context of the reproduction of African dictatorship from the perspective of symbolic violence is shown.
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Kim, Song Ki. "Symbolic Aspects in the Literature of Ştefan Augustin Doinaş." East European and Balkan Institute 40, no. 1 (February 25, 2016): 103–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.19170/eebs.2016.40.1.103.
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Aerts, Diederik, and Marek Czachor. "Quantum aspects of semantic analysis and symbolic artificial intelligence." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General 37, no. 12 (March 9, 2004): L123—L132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0305-4470/37/12/l01.
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Petrovic, Predrag. "Symbolic aspects of the gnoseology of the cosmological events." Sabornost, no. 10 (2016): 17–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sabornost10-12546.
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Znilkubaeva, Amantai Sh. "Symbolic Aspects of Nutrition Vocabulary in the Turkic Languages." Humanitarian Vector 16, no. 1 (February 2021): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/1996-7853-2021-16-1-111-117.
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The article uses a lot of factual material to reveal the role of ethnographisms associated with cooking during the most significant moments of human life: birth, wedding, burial. The connection of symbolism with ritual is revealed.The purpose of the article is based on the specifics of the work caused by the need for a linguoculturological description of the vocabulary of nutrition, the definition of extralinguistic factors (customs, traditions and religious beliefs) in the formation, development and functioning, as well as the disclosure of the symbolic essence of this LSH.The relevance of the article is determined by the need for linguistic and cultural understanding of the food vocabulary, which is widely reflected in paremia, concepts, phraseological units, and customs as the most stable lexical and semantic categories of the Turkic languages (more than 2 000 lexical and phraseological units).The material of the study was the vocabulary of nutrition of the Turkic languages. The main methods used in the work are descriptive, comparative, and interpretive.The reception and serving of food among the Turkic peoples and their reflection in customs and traditions are symbolic relations between people connected by social, gender, and age relations. For example, the symbolism of food associated with the birth of a child has its roots in the distant past of the Turkic people and means a sacrifice for the successful birth of a woman. These rituals include: preparing special meals to speed childbirth: Garissa (lit. Competition with the cauldron, where food is cooked), preparing special dishes: sut burysh, IIT mun, burial of the bones of a 「am slaughtered for a woman in labor, gnawing the neck vertebrae of a ram without a knife, burning meat, etc. These traditions are a symbol of introducing the baby to a new life denoting the appearance of a new person. As a result of the analysis of this thematic group, it was revealed that traditional household rituals are the most stable basis of the ethnic spiritual culture of the Turkic peoples, many symbolic actions related to food are common, which once again confirms the hypothesis of genetic kinship of these peoples.The concept of linguoculturological research of customs and traditions as one of the current trends in linguistics opens up new aspects of the relationship and connection of language and spiritual culture, language and folk mentality, language and folk art. In the conceptual picture of the world and the national - cultural context, the question of the place and role of the studied LSH is very significant.The scientific novelty of the research consists in the linguistic and cultural understanding of one of the traditionally established and most stable lexical and semantic categories of the Turkic languages - the vocabulary of nutrition. Such studies in modern linguistics have not been sofer conducted. Keywords: food vocabulary, symbols, ritual, linguoculturology, ethnographism, customs, traditions, conceptual picture of the world
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Iliadi, Alexander. "TYPOLOGY IN SEMANTICS: IRANIAN-SLAVIC SEMASIOLOGICAL PARALLELS." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2019, no. 29 (November 2019): 120–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2019-29-10.
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The article deals with a topical problem of general semasiology, namely the investigation of phenomenon of semantical development regularity in the vocabulary of two groups into Indo-European genetic family of languages. The approach with regard to analysis of semantics with taking into account of coverage of several lexical-and-semantic systems enables a researcher to imagine a fuller picture about extension of lingual phenomena and gives the solid ground for synthesis. Especially interesting is observing the vocabulary of languages, whose speakers are bearers of different cultures, including cultures and traditions of communication. Typological analogies in semantics of communication of ethnic groups, which have different cultures, indicate either typology of language thinking or implementation of common patterns, which have been formed in the epoch of the Proto-Indo-European language, either language contacts in different times. Lexicon of Iranian and Slavic languages is used as the object of observing because it hasn’t been widely devised in the aspect of its comparative semasiological description and highlighting of typologically common peculiarities in correlation of basic and derivative meanings. Preliminary observing entitles the author to highlight the semasiological parallels: 1) role-play situation when a child should be found on the road as a way to trick death, which hunting down all newborns in the family; 2) conferring of symbolic importance to a knot, tying, which can be taken as an agreement, an oath, a vow for consolidating all subjects of legal relationship; 3) very close link of hand with the idea of help (perhaps, also in ritual sense). Other semasiological parallels: human desire to reflect in lexical semantics the objects of environment by the way of comparison these with body parts; traces of an archaic view on relations between family members through blood, saved in semantics; change verba facere - verba dicere; figurative usage of the verbs with etymological meaning ʻsway, rockʼ as ʻgoʼ, ʻwolk, strollʼ; implementation of semantical potential to denote something useless through caritive prefix and root with meaning ʻcase, thingʼ; change ʻsweep, broomʼ - ʻstealʼ and ʻsweep, broomʼ - ʻchase awayʼ and other.
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Ovsiankina, Liudmyla, and Tetiana Kuprii. "FASHION AS SIGN AND SYMBOLIC CONDITIONALITY: PHILOSOPHICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS." Skhid 1, no. 1 (March 5, 2021): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21847/1728-9343.2021.1(1).225446.
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The article is dedicated to revealing the specific features of fashion as a system of cultural and aesthetic values, as well as a contradictory social phenomenon which plays an important role as a symbolic regulator of mass society. The purpose of this article is to study the mechanism of creation of the sign and symbolic world of fashion, new models and patterns of behavior, evident and hidden functions of fashion in the era of globalization. Attention is focused on the fact that fashion, as one of the central phenomenon of the modern world, has become an industry based on the principle of rationality, for the production of original trends, in line with the trends and challenges of modern times. It reflects social reality, and people who actively contribute to changing its fashion patterns set in motion models of social reality. It is the sociological study of fashion that can contribute to its most adequate description and explanation. This is due to the fact that the process of spreading and changing fashion patterns is characterized by the value attitude of people both to things and to other people. The result of such an attitude is the social division of people into groups. A fashionable thing, which is desirable for a person, at the same time becomes for him a desirable image of the social status and interpersonal relations to which a person aspires. The article analyzes modern fashion in terms of symbolic conditionality and symbolic reality characterized by features of sociality, temporality, ambivalence and spectacularity. The main attention of authors of the study is devoted to the analysis of the specific behavior of a human-consumer, for whom the sign and symbolic world of fashion is not only a means of self-expression, but also an opportunity to fill the spiritual vacuum and feel a lost sense of stability. Attention is also focused on the importance of solving the problem of ethics of responsibility of modern fashion, which is the determinants of all relations in the sphere of contemporary consumer society.
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Magnani, Lorenzo. "Ritual Artifacts as Symbolic Habits." Open Information Science 2, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opis-2018-0011.
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Abstract The concepts of manipulative abduction and of extending, disembodying, and distributing the mind can help delineate important aspects of the role of habits, rituals, and symbols in human cognition, including when new concepts are created. Taking advantage of some psychoanalytical and anthropological issues, I will show how symbolic habits in rituals can function as memory mediators which are able to play significant roles in human cognition and action. They can maximize abducibility and so recoverability of knowledge contents, including at the unconscious level.
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BARTOSCH, David. "Explicit and Implicit Aspects of Confucian Education." Asian Studies 5, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 87–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/as.2017.5.2.87-112.
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The following essay contains a more general philosophical reflection on the significance and some main elements of pre-modern Confucian learning. The topic is developed by presenting some essential elements in the whole range from explicit (linguistically expressible) knowledge to symbolic aspects as well as the (philosophical) problem of ineffable knowing. The essay starts with the general conception of man which underlies the mainstream of Confucian learning. On that basis, the more explicit contents and easily explicable subjects or branches of classical Confucian learning are mapped out. This becomes the starting point to move on to reflect on a more symbolic layer of Confucian learning. Finally, the core level of Confucian learning is addressed. This presents us with the problem of ineffability. The reference points of the present essay are restricted to some important classical passages as well as the thought of Wang Yangming 王陽明 (1472–1529).
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Eriksson, Rikard, and Pål Ellingsen. "Symbolic rationality in the public sector." Journal of Organizational Change Management 33, no. 5 (June 23, 2020): 979–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-09-2019-0292.
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PurposeThe aim of this article is to describe work relations between leaders and counsellors in the Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration (NAV). The study focuses on communication, control, work ethos, worldview and digital production management (DPM).Design/methodology/approachThis article is based on two empirical studies from the same research project at the NAV in the south of Norway called “Leadership and client orientation in NAV”. The research design led to a qualitative interview method being used to collect and analyse the opinions and experiences of the interviewees (Merriam, 2009).FindingsThe study found that (a) leaders use DPM to control employees, (b) communicative and regulative aspects of working in NAV, (c) contradictory simultaneous work demands on leaders and counsellors and (d) the symbolic rationality of work in NAV. The aspects (a) to (d) show a specific worldview in NAV. The study also found aspects of work ethos in NAV, such as a strong will to help and do well for the user and at the same time meet NAV's financial and administrative requirements (Lundquist, 1998; Byrkjeflot, 2008). It is fruitful to describe this situation using the concept of symbolic rationality.Originality/valueThrough symbolic rationality, the study has identified the possibility for further research on the hybrid professionalism of leadership and counsellorship, at three levels in the ambidextrous public sector. The first is the epistemological level, where the concept sets limits on how a social situation such as NAV can be spoken about and understood. A second level is the theoretical level, where categories and logics can be formed and that are seen as being applicable to work in NAV. The third and final level is the practical level, where the concept of symbolic rationality and the meanings connected with it shape leaders' and counsellors' professional practice in the public sector.
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Theilmann, John M. "Political Canonization and Political Symbolism in Medieval England." Journal of British Studies 29, no. 3 (July 1990): 241–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/385959.
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Political legitimacy was a shifting concept in medieval England. On the one hand were the tangible aspects of power such as control over appointments and the purse; on the other were the symbolic attributes of power. Baronial rebels were able to gain control over the material aspects of political power on more than one occasion, and they also tried to establish control over the symbolic aspects of legitimacy. Here, they usually failed, for medieval people generally failed to accept baronial use of political symbols as legitimating future developments. Monarchs, on the other hand, were more successful in exploiting the symbolic aspects of kingship to further legitimate their power.The simultaneous success and failure of royal and baronial efforts at establishing legitimacy bear further scrutiny. After viewing the problem of the establishment of legitimacy, this essay focuses on two related episodes during the reign of Richard II: the attempted canonizations of King Edward II and Richard FitzAlan, earl of Arundel. Richard II's reign is chosen for three reasons. First, there was a clearly articulated struggle between king and barons that was fought out in both the physical and symbolic arenas. Second, the process of political canonization produced a royal and a baronial saint during the reign. Although not premeditated on either side, there was a conjunction of events and a desire by the king and the barons to manipulate the symbolic aspects of these events during the reign. The final reason for subjecting saintly symbolism in Richard's reign to examination is that the process of political canonization reached its zenith then.
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Reynolds, Frances. "Symbolic aspects of coping with chronic illness through textile arts." Arts in Psychotherapy 29, no. 2 (April 2002): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0197-4556(01)00140-x.
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Grozea, Lucian. "The Bread of God: religious and symbolic aspects of bakery." Sæculum 47, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/saec-2019-0016.
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AbstractThe present conference discusses the symbolic meaning of bread in the religious mentality of the Ancient Near East. We will find that bread, besides being a food necessary for its existence, also represented a cultural archetype that summed up and assumed in itself either different divinities of Oriental civilizations, or had a ritual-sacrificial character, in order to facilitate man rather immortality.
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Ganyushina, Margarita. "Historical and Symbolic Aspects of Linguistic Representation of the World." Journal of Language and Education 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/2411-7390-2016-2-1-65-71.
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The article is an attempt to offer a theoretical understanding of the notion of a “Linguistic world-image” (LWI) within symbolic contexts as represented in the current literature, define the symbol’s features, its influence on LWI in historic perspective, and investigate its functioning within idioms or metaphors. We have undertaken the review of previous LWI investigations and, as the methodological basis of our research, we have used ethno-semantic and linguistic-philosophical approaches to language; specifically, the method of multiple etymology, introduced by V. N. Toporov and developed by M.M. Makovsky, which permitted us to identify the correlation of LWI with linguistic signs as a carrier of symbolic meaning. It should be noted that studying symbolic language properties and linguistic signs within the linguistic world-image, which were not taken into account before, is conductive to a more profound comprehension of the correlation between language, culture, and mutual understanding index in the intercultural communication process.The LWI concept is considered as a subjective-objective dynamic multilevel construct, which presents its primary features through a lexical-semantic language system within a world and national culture formed as a result of the reflection of sensorial perception, facts, understanding and estimation of the objective phenomena in national linguistic consciousness, in the experience of correlation of language concepts, images and symbols throughout the cultural historical development of the language. Therefore, two approaches to studying LWI are evident - cognitive and cultural-philosophical - which are not so much conflicting as mutually reinforcing.
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Nazukina, Maria. "Identity aspects of the regionalist discourse of federal symbolic competitions." Political Science (RU), no. 4 (2020): 200–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/poln/2020.04.10.
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The article analyzes the discourse of regional identity in the course of Federal symbolic competitions, which are understood as events related to the organization of competition projects for the selection of significant symbolic attributes for regional communities. The research focuses on five projects: Seven wonders of Russia (2007), Russia 10 (2013), Alley of Russia (2014), people's banknote (2016), Great names of Russia (2018). Based on indicators of regional activity (counting participation and intensity of campaigns to promote regional symbols), a group of regions is identified for which the competition tool is interpreted as a significant resource in broadcasting regional uniqueness. The main forms of expression of regional identity discourse in the nomination and promotion of nominations for winning competitions are determined. Possible identity conflicts in the course of competitions are analyzed. Based on expert interviews conducted in Kazan, Yekaterinburg, Novosibirsk, Khabarovsk and Vladivostok in 2019, a matrix of motivations and arguments is constructed in the model of the regionalist discourse of Federal symbolic competitions. It is shown that the use of various types of metaphorical constructions in the regionalist discourse of the specificity of the region, its symbols and heroes, and the ambitions of the territory allows the region to broadcast its subjectivity.
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Horelova, V. S. "The Kharkiv actresses Polina Kumanchenko and Lidiya Krynytska in the image of a mother in the films “Human’s blood is not water”, “Dmytro Horytsvit”, “People don’t know the all” and “Lymerivna”." Aspects of Historical Musicology 17, no. 17 (September 15, 2019): 130–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum2-17.09.
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Background. Domestic cultural space is in urgent need of selfpreservation, and a renaissance of national self-identity of the Ukrainian cinema is connected with the state interest in this topic. There are the discussions around the attempts to revive the Ukrainian poetic cinema with its inherent mythological outlook erasing the boundaries between imaginary and real. It is logical, that the further development and studying of national cinema is impossible without revise of creative work of actors of the past; they were the bearers of poetic worldview, guided by folk traditions and customs. The tendency to the study of the forgotten names would help to bring back to their proper place the classics of Ukrainian cinematography. In the national scientific circles, there is an interest in the revival of forgotten names of cultural figures, and theater and filmmakers, in particular. Nevertheless, creativity of some Kharkiv actors, among them, Polina Kumanchenko and Lidia Krynytska, undeservedly deprived of attention in the scientific environment. The object of this research is the creativity of representatives of the Kharkiv acting school – Polina Kumanchenko and Lidiya Krynytska. The aim of the author is to study the performing manner of the actresses, to identify the peculiar facets of their playing, and, as a result, the certain traditions that are inherent the Kharkiv local artistic environment. The interpretation of the image of a mother in the performance of the mentioned actors is the subject of studying. Methods of analysis, synthesis, classification are the basis of this study and used for the scientific validity of the findings. We used the method of comparison in the considering of the mother images created by Kumanchenko and Krynytska. Research results. As the key in the cultural aspect, should be considered the fact that the image of the mother in Ukrainian mentality is iconic, associated with the image of the Earth, since the essence of both is the function of the “giver of life”, fertility. The worldview of Maria, the personage of P. Kumanchenko, is fixated on owning the land, because thanks to her, a person exists and continues his family. Like her ancestors, Maria is going to become a link in the further transfer of land to her descendants, passing to them the “genetic code” of love of Ukrainian peasants for the Earth. She is expecting a second child, and therefore, through her actions, she seeks to provide her children with stability, which is possible only with land. The actress focuses the attention of the viewer on expressive gestures, sudden movements to emphasize the active behavior of her heroine; at the same time, the extremely expressive regard of P. Kumanchenko, shown in close-up, convey the true thoughts and feelings of Maria, whose soul inhabits somewhere in her own, unreal world. In the first of the films of the trilogy by M. Makarenko (director) –“Human’s blood is not water”, – the actor’s decision of P. Kumanchenko presents a presentiment of happiness and stability that arises in her heroine’s soul against the background of her everyday suffering life – just like the Earth awaits spring blossoming after a long winter. Later we observe the changes that have occurred in the character of Maria along with her motherhood and confidence in the future. The actress gives her heroine a new external expressiveness: smooth movements, a gentle mysterious smile, elusive tenderness. The second part of the trilogy (“Dmytro Horytsvit”), presents P. Kumanchenko in a small episode. We see her in the light national costume, with tragic wringed hands, against the background of the burning home, where her child remained. The episode can be interpreted as an allegory: a mockery of fertile land devastated by fires, wars, destruction. However, just as a new cycle is needed for a ravaged Earth to bloom again, so for Maria the salvation of her daughter becomes the impetus for a new rebirth. The main idea of the film is embedded in this episode – the eternal pain of the Ukrainian land and its eternal revival. Based on the analysis of the role of Maria in the interpretation of P. Kumanchenko, we can talk about the embodiment in the mother image the idea of cyclicity of nature and life, coming from the ancient cults of the Earth. Thus, the influence of mythopoetics traced in the images created by the actresses, due to their symbolic similarity with the image of the mythological Mother Earth. In the film “Lymerivna” (directed by V. Lapoknysh) the image of a mother was created by actress L. Krynytska, which played Lymerykha – the mother of the main heroine. This is a passive woman, broken by life circumstances, who is going with the stream and is not able to deal with everyday problems. It would seem that both, Maria and Lymerykha, are united by a love for children and a desire to give them happiness. However, each of them has its own strategy of behavior. Unlike Maria, Lymerykha made tears the main tool on the way to her aim – to break the will of her daughter. It was her tears pushed Lymerykha’s daughter to a tragic death. The game of L. Krynitska outlines the “two-faced” path of the heroine’s behavior, reveals the “white” and “black” sides of her nature. That is, the actor’s task of L. Krynitska was to embody the image of a person with a “double bottom”. The manner of performing of this role may be partially explained by the etymology of the surname “Lymar”, which the heroine received when she got married. Lymar is a manufacturer, which make the harness for horses. Such a sign surname symbolizes her life – “horse harnessing”, a yoke that Lymerykha is afraid to throw off, because she does not know how to bear responsibility for her own destiny. There are also unifying links between the heroines of P. Kumanchenko and L. Krynytska: both manipulate by their motherhood. The cycles in the life events of both heroines are also clearly outlined. In Maria’s case, it is association with modifications in the state of the Earth due to natural changes in the seasons or terrible destructions, because of war or natural disasters. For Lymerykha, the cyclic existence is characterized, limited by the inability to overcome slavish psychology – to throw off the yoke, the “sword of Damocles,” which dominates her. In one of the scenes, the scenery symbolically emphasizes the essence of her being: a windmill, whose wings are constantly spinning. P. Kumanchenko and L. Krynytska are the Kharkiv actresses of the Drama Theater named after T. G. Shevchenko, and the influence of the actor’s system of his outstanding director Les Kurbas on the performing style of both cannot be overlooked. In the acting of the performers, the use of the “laws of Kurbas” is clearly traced: “the law of thrift”, “the law of fixation”, “the law of light-andshade”, etc. Conclusions. We analyzed both the differences and the unifying features in the interpretation of the image of the mother by Kharkov actresses. In the images created by P. Kumanchenko and L. Krynytska there is a relationship with the mythopoetic worldview. Тhanks to a number of artistic and meaningful associations, we can talk about the embodiment in the image of a woman-mother of the symbolic hypostases of Mother-Earth and the idea of the cyclical nature of life, which comes from ancient agricultural cults. The work with imaginary symbolism (a horse harness appears as a symbol of the enslavement of Women-Mother Earth) take place, as and a complete organics embodiment of the mythopoietic aspect inherent the Kharkiv acting school (Les Kurbas’s aesthetics) and, in general, the Ukrainian drama and cinema (A. Dovzhenko). A deeper analysis of various aspects of the performing work of Kharkiv actors, in particular, searching for the traditions in the actor’s game of Kharkovians, as well as more detailed studying of Les Kurbas’s methodological influence makes up the prospects of our study. The specifics of actor’s art of the Kharkiv school can serve as an example to follow in the training of actors and directors.
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Foss, Jeff. "Only three dimensions and the mother of invention." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30, no. 4 (August 2007): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x07002282.
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AbstractAlthough the first three dimensions of evolution outlined by Jablonka & Lamb (J&L) are persuasively presented as aspects of evolutionary science, the fourth dimension, symbolic evolution, is problematic: Though it may in some metaphorical sense be happening, there cannot be a science of symbolic evolution. Symbolic evolution essentially involves meaning, which, besides being nonphysical, resolutely resists scientific categorization.
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Duffy, John. "Blood and Money: Symbolic Economies in La Bete humaine." Romance Quarterly 44, no. 3 (1997): 143–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08831159709604192.
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Vitolo-Haddad, CV. "The Blood of Patriots: Symbolic Violence and “The West”." Rhetoric Society Quarterly 49, no. 3 (May 27, 2019): 280–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02773945.2019.1610641.
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Kirk, N. P. "Computational Aspects of Classifying Singularities." LMS Journal of Computation and Mathematics 3 (2000): 207–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s1461157000000280.
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AbstractA Maple package which performs the symbolic algebra central to problems in local singularity theory is described. This is a generalisation of previous projects, which dealt only with problems in elementary catastrophe theory. Applications to specific problems are described, and a survey given of the powerful techniques from singularity theory that are used by the package. A description of the underlying algorithm is given, and some of the more important computational aspects discussed. The package, user manual and installation instructions are available in the appendices to this article.
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Larsson, Lars. "Land, water and symbolic aspects of the Mesolithic in southern Scandinavia." Before Farming 2003, no. 4 (January 2003): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/bfarm.2003.4.3.
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Nazukina, Mariya V. "SYMBOLIC ASPECTS OF RUSSIAN SUBNATIONAL REGIONALISM: THE EXAMPLE OF COMPETITIVE PRACTICES." Ars Administrandi (Искусство управления) 11, no. 4 (2019): 532–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2218-9173-2019-4-532-550.
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Rączaszek-Leonardi, Joanna, and J. A. Scott Kelso. "Reconciling symbolic and dynamic aspects of language: Toward a dynamic psycholinguistics." New Ideas in Psychology 26, no. 2 (August 2008): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.newideapsych.2007.07.003.
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Mackey, J. Linn. "Experiential and Symbolic Aspects of the Native American Sweat Lodge Ceremony." Jung Journal 4, no. 1 (January 2010): 99–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jung.2010.4.1.99.
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Ravichandran, S., G. Gaonkar, J. Nagabhushanam, and T. S. R. Reddy. "A study of symbolic processing and computational aspects in helicopter dynamics." Journal of Sound and Vibration 137, no. 3 (March 1990): 495–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-460x(90)90814-g.
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Orynbayeva, D. "SYMBOLIC SIGNIFICANCE OF MATERIAL CULTURE." BULLETIN Series of Philological Sciences 72, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-2.1728-7804.14.
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Consideration of language as a simple symbolic system outside of culture and history, which includes human social life, contradicts the notion of it and limits the possibilities of its study. Therefore, language, as it has been said since ancient times, is not just a system of symbols, it is a culture that supports this system, so it is a great heritage of every nation, a historical achievement of the nation. ‘‘Culture’’ is a very complex concept, which begins with the characteristics of the individual and includes the entire national mentality, national consciousness, worldview, traditions, spiritual and material wealth, formed over the centuries. The article deals with the relationship between culture and language, culture and symbol. It is known that there are two aspects of culture, material and spiritual. In this regard, the symbolic meaning of national costumes (hats), which are part of the material culture of the Kazakh people, was determined. The character of the symbol as a national code that preserves the culture of the nation was revealed.
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Zábó, Virág, Laura Faragó, András Vargha, and Lisa Wooley. "The Differing Effects of Symbolic Interpretation and Inclusion of Transcendence on Life Goals and Mental Health in Hungarian Adults." Central European Journal of Educational Research 2, no. 2 (July 13, 2020): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37441/cejer/2020/2/2/7915.
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This study aimed to investigate the influence of religious attitudes, namely Inclusion of Trancendence and Symbolic Interpretation on life goals and different aspects of mental health.Participants (N = 604) filled in an online questionnaire including the Post-Critical Belief Scale (Martos et al., 2009), the short version of Aspiration Index (Martos et al., 2006), and the Mental Health Test (MHT; see Oláh et al., 2018).We investigated the relationship between religious attitudes, life goals, and the subscales of mental health using path analyses. The Symbolic Interpretation of religious content predicts support for intrinsically motivated life goals, while the Inclusion of Transcendence predicts the refusal of extrinsic aspirations. Positive effects were revealed between the Inclusion of Transcendence and global well-being, strategies aim at creating and enchancing happiness, and resilience. Symbolic Interpretation was positively related to creative, executing individual and social efficiency, while negatively influenced resilience.The Inclusion of Transcendence and Symbolic Interpretation separately predict different aspects of life goals and mental health, and jointly support a higher quality of life.
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Brand, Anneke. "Immunological aspects of blood transfusions." Transplant Immunology 10, no. 2-3 (August 2002): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0966-3274(02)00064-3.
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Salvaneschi, L. "Cord blood banks: organizational aspects." Early Human Development 89 (October 2013): S52—S53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-3782(13)70098-7.
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