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1
Johnson, Bret. "American Music." Tempo 57, no. 226 (October 2003): 56–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004029820330035x.
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LEES: Symphonies Nos. 2, 3 and 51; Etudes for piano and orchestra2. 1Staatsphilharmonie Rheinland-Pfalz c. Stephen Gunzenhauser, 2James Dick (pno), Texas Festival Orchestra c. Robert Spano. Albany TROY 564/565 (2-CDset).LEES: Passacaglia. PERSICHETTI: Symphony No 4. DAUGHERTY: Philadelphia Stories; Hell's Angels. Oregon Symphony c. James De Preist. Delos DE 3291.FLAGELLO: Symphony No. 1; Theme, Variations and Fugue; Sea Cliffs; Intermezzo. Slovak Radio Symphony Orchestra c. David Amos. Naxos 8.559148.HOVHANESS: Symphony No 22, City of Light1; Cello Concerto2. 2Janos Starker (vlc), Seattle Symphony c. 1Alan Hovhaness, 2Dennis Russell Davies. Naxos 8.559158.HOVHANESS: Symphonies: No 2, Mysterious Mountain; No 50, Mount St Helens; No 66, Hymn to Glacier Peak; Storm on Mt Wildcat, op.2 no.2. Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra c. Gerard Schwarz. Telarc CD-80604.
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Johnson, Bret. "Benjamin Lees: Quo Vadis?" Tempo, no. 175 (December 1990): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298200012560.
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Fifteen years ago, Nicolas Slonimsky wrote of Benjamin Lees in Tempo: ‘At a time when so many otherwise valiant composers are star-crossed and complain of malign neglect, Benjamin Lees rises “in excelsis” in the musical firmament’. And so he has continued since, with many commissions and numerous major works to his credit, matched by frequent performances in the United States. It is a time that has seen the creation of his Fourth and Fifth Symphonies, a set of Variations for Piano and Orchestra, a Concerto for Brass Choir and Orchestra, a Double Concerto for Piano, Cello and Orchestra, at least four other orchestral compositions of substantial scale, and the Third and Fourth String Quartets. All of these have contributed to his continuing high profile in the American musical scene. When one surveys Lees's entire corpus of music over the last four decades, one sees an impressive range of works, achievements and awards. Such pieces as the Violin Concerto (1958), Third Symphony (1969) and Concerto for String Quartet and Orchestra (1965), all commercially recorded, stand out as landmarks not only of his own music but of postwar American music generally. His style has continued to evolve in recent years and whilst his hallmark is still his adherence to form and structure, he has become more concerned with orchestral sonority and, without becoming explicitly programmatic, practises his art within an ever-widening sound spectrum and colouristic palette. He has always possessed a strongly individual personality, and the ‘Lees Sound’ is unquestionably unique, even through his exposition and development of musical ideas-and the technique of continual evolution which he favours at present-derive, at source, from his most important early musical teacher: George Antheil.
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Driver, Paul. "Gruber's Concertos." Tempo, no. 178 (September 1991): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004029820001398x.
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The concerto evidently appeals to HK Gruber, as symphonies do not. He has so far written four works that are unambiguously in this form: ‘…aus schatten duft gewebt…’, a concerto for violin and orchestra of 1977–8; the concerto for percussion and orchestra Rough Music (Rauhetöne) of 1982–3; Nebelsteinmusik, for solo violin and string orchestra, of 1988; and the Concerto for Cello and Chamber Orchestra of 1989. Ambiguous examples of the form are his early Concerto for Orchestra (1960–64) – concertos for orchestra are by definition ambiguous – and Frankenstein!!, his ‘pan–demonium’ (rather than ‘concerto’) for baritone chansonnier and orchestra (on children's rhymes by H.C. Artmann), finalized in 1977. Then there are four works which remain in manuscript (withdrawn from circulation): Concerto No. l for flute, vibraphone, xylophone and percussion (1961); Concerto No. 2 for tenor saxophone, double bass and percussion (1961); ‘furbass’ for double bass and orchestra; and an unsatisfactory forerunner of the violin concerto, Arien (1974–5). The symphony he has not touched; and one is tempted to see in this reliance on solo/ensemble confrontation an attempt to hold together the self–splintered, all too globally diversified language of the late 20th century by an eloquent soloist's sheer persuasiveness, by musical force, so to speak, the soloist being dramatized as a kind of Atlas. In the same way Gruber's recourse to popular songs and idioms of ‘light music’ in these works can seem like a desperate attempt to find a tonal prop and sanction for a language so pervasively threatened by tone–deafness and gobbledygook.
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Jurkowski, Edward. "The Symphonies of Joonas Kokkonen." Tempo, no. 208 (April 1999): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298200006987.
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With the death of Joonas Kokkonen in October of 1996, Finland lost one of its most important post-World War II composers. Almost certainly, Kokkonen is most widely known outside Finland for his 1975 opera Viimeiset kiusaukset (Tlie Last Temptations). Yet his orchestral compositions such as the Cello Concerto (1969), the song cycle Lintuijen Tuonela (The Hades of the Birds, 1958–59), the Requiem (1981), the chamberorchestra work …Durch einen Spiegel… 1977), or such chamber works as the Piano Quintet (1953) or the String Quartets Nos.l (1959) and 3 (1976) demonstrate that masterpieces may be found in virtually every genre of Kokkonen's output. (Oddly, piano music represents a small and minor position in Kokkonen's oeuvre – a surprising fact given his accomplishments as a pianist.)
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Anderson, Martin. "A Conversation with Kalevi Aho." Tempo, no. 181 (June 1992): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298200015138.
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At the relatively young age of 43 (which his schoolboyish looks nonetheless belie), Kalevi Aho is one of the best-known of Finnish composers, with a substantial corpus of music to his credit – seven symphonies and other orchestral pieces, two operas and several smaller vocal works, three concertos (for violin, cello and for piano), and a healthy amount of chamber and instrumental music. I visited him in Helsinki last summer, in the offices of the Helsinki Festival, where he has a hand in the planning of the programmes, and remarked first on the richness and sheer vigour of Finnish musical life; anyone visiting Finland will be struck by the fact that it seems to have an awful lot of composers.
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Burel, O. V. "About compositions for piano and orchestra by Ch.-M. Widor. Background." Aspects of Historical Musicology 13, no. 13 (September 15, 2018): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum2-13.04.
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Ch.-M. Widor (1844–1937) inscribed his name in the history of French music primarily as an author of organ works (10 Organ Symphonies, 1872–1900, in particular). But other genre branches of his creativity (symphonic, chamber-instrumental, chamber-vocal, operatic, choral) remains less famous for wide public. This quite vast layer is mostly not studied in musical science. However, at the recent time the interest is somewhat growing both among musicologists (A. Thomson, E. Krivitskaya, M. R. Bundy), and among the performers, which confi rms the relevance of this article. The objectives of this study are to consider compositions by Ch.-M. Widor (Piano Concerto No.1, Fantasy, Piano Concerto No.2) both in terms of features of individual creator style and context of concert branch history in France. Information about works is supplemented by the analysis of the basic musical text parameters. Ch.-M. Widor graduated the Brussels Conservatory, where he was studied from 1859 to 1863 – in classes of organ (J.-N. Lemmens) and composition (F.-J. Fetis). At 1860s, the young man was visiting Paris. Soon he was acquainted with C. Saint-Saens, which infl uenced Ch.-M. Widor not only in terms of his executive career turn, but also was etalon of instrumental writing. It seems that the writing of instrumental Concertos for violin (ор. 26, 1877), cello (ор. 41, 1877), and piano (ор. 39, 1876) in many ways is owed by C.Saint-Saens and the impulse to French music of the 1870s given by him. Piano Concerto No.1 f-moll by Ch.-M.Widor was well appreciated by the contemporaries of the composer. In fi rst movement (Allegro con fuoco) the active narrative is combining with predominantly lyrical mood. It passes in constant pulsation without any whimsical tempo deviations, as well as without cadenza using. Contemplative and philosophical meditations are concentrated at the second movement (Andante religioso). The exposition of ideas is embodied in oppositions of characters, concentrated and depth in front of light and joyous. By the way, a little similar can be found in Andante sostenuto quasi adagio of Piano Concerto No.1 (published in 1875) by C. Saint-Saens. The cycle is crowned with a lively scherzo fi nal with elegant dotted rhythm using. On the whole we can say that the Piano Сoncerto No.1 by Ch.-M. Widor purposefully continues the traditions of C. Saint-Saens. This is noticeable in the clarity of the structure, emphatic melody, and also in some specifi c features – the avoidance of long-term solo cadenzas and the absence of expanded orchestra tutti’s, as well as the laconicism of development section at the fi rst movement. Echoes of F. Liszt and C. Franck can be heard in Fantasy As-dur op. 62 for piano and orchestra (1889, dedicated to I. Philipp). Ch.-M. Widor shows interest in this genre type as many other French authors at 1880–1890s. In work there are many counterpoint and variation elements, which is due to author’s mastery of organ-polifonic writing. In our opinion, eclectic combinations of the main subject in the spirit of F. Liszt – R. Wagner with oriental saucy theme at the end of composition are quite in the style of C. Saint-Saens. Piano Concerto No.2 c-moll (1905) is standing out with its clear attachment to the late-romantic line. It is somewhat out of the general context of genre existence in France, especially when comparing with signifi cantly more traditional Piano Concertos by B. Godard (No.2, 1894), C. Saint-Saens (No.5, 1896), T. Dubois (No.2, 1897), A. Gedalge (1899), J. Massenet (1902). This manifests itself in appeal to fateful gloomy spirit, abundance of dark paints in the sound, the complication of the tonal-harmonic language, increased expressivity, psychologization. Here are found more fi ne-tooth application of timbre orchestral potential (in comparison with the Piano Concerto No.1), as well as increasing of orchestra importance upon the whole. This is paradoxical, but its performing tradition has developed not in the best way, so that nowadays this remarkable work is very rarely heard at concert halls. In our time, the author’s creativity is a real terra incognita that encompasses a lot of hidden masterpieces. Results of the research bring to light that examined works by composer are outstanding illustrations of French romantic music. Ch.-M. Widor is an example of original talent that continues the late Romanticism line in France at the end of 19th and fi rst third of the 20th century, together with other authors – L. Vierne, V. d’Indy, A. Magnard, F. Schmitt. His works for piano and orchestra quite deserve to become on a par with recognized masterpieces, included in the concert repertoire of pianists and orchestras by different countries of the world. The perspectives of the further research are defi ned in more detailed analytical labors, including the extension of analysis over Violin Concerto op. 26 and Cello Concerto op. 41 by author. The learning of these works will allow to complement the history of the concert genre of French Romanticism with new details, that will enable to see the evidence of succession and the vitality of traditions.
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Pluzhnikov, Victor. "«Forgotten name... Yakov A. Rosenstein»." Aspects of Historical Musicology 16, no. 16 (September 15, 2019): 90–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum2-16.05.
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Problem statement. Conductor is considered to be one of the most prestigious occupation in musical field, so there has always been a certain interest to its history. But, despite a large amount of literature, there are no musicologist’s scientific works, with the systematized and generalized materials on training conducting staff in Ukraine in the 1920s – 1940s. This is partly due to a shortage of primary documents at a difficult historical period: most of them were destroyed by the employees of state institutions before being evacuated behind the lines during the Second World War; the other part was burned down during the hostilities; the third one was lost in the territories temporarily occupied by the fascists. The most important information was restored in the postwar years on the basis of personal documents of the musicians and memoirs of the contemporaries. The names of many other talented performers, who were not high ranked in the hierarchy of Ukraine musical culture, were forgotten. Research and publications analysis. Dealing with this article, the author relied on the research of three scientists. For example, the episode devoted to the history of the Kuban State Conservatory is based on the materials of the book by V. A. Frolkin, PhD in musicology, Professor of Piano Department of Krasnodar University of Culture and Arts. (Frolkin, 2006 : 70–89). The Kharkov period of Ya. Rosenstein’s activity is based on the article by E. M. Shchelkanovtseva, PhD in musicology, Department of Orchestral String Instrument of I. P. Kotlyarevsky Kharkov National University of Arts (Shchelkanovtseva, 1992 : 178–179), as well as the memoirs of conductor S. S. Feldman (Feldman, 2006). Ya. Rosenstein activities in T. G. Shevchenko Kiev Academic Opera and Ballet Theater of the Ukrainian SSR was described in research of Yu. A. Stanishevsky – Doctor in musicology, Professor. (Stanishevsky, 1981 : 533–534). The objective of this article is to create Ya. Rosenstein’s complete and non-biased biography, to analyze various aspects of his activity, and, as a result, to revive the name of a talented musician who was at the forefront of Ukraine musical pedagogy. This is the urgency and novelty of this study. Core material. Yakov A. Rosenstein (1887–1946) – a cello player, conductor, professor. In1907–1912 he studied at St. Petersburg Conservatory specializing in cello. Until February 1917, he had served as a cello player in the Royal orchestra of the Imperial Mariinskyi Theater. During the Civil War, he moved to Yekaterinodar (Krasnodar), where in 1918–1919 he was a director of Russian Musical Society Conservatory. October 1, 1920 witnessed the opening of Kuban State Conservatory. The university was funded from the budget of the People’s Commissariat for Education, so the training of all students was free. Ya. Rosenstein taught the cello class. But at the end of 1921, the Kuban Conservatory was deprived of state funding, and in summer of 1922 the university was reorganized into the Kuban Higher Technical School. (Frolkin, 2006 : 74–89). In autumn of 1923, Ya. Rosenstein moved to Kharkov, where he was a cello player in Russian State Opera orchestra. Later Ya. Rosenstein became a theater conductor. Also, he was engaged in pedagogical activity: in 1925 he became a dean of the instrumental faculty of Kharkov State Higher Music and Drama Courses, and in 1926 he became the head of the courses. According to E. M. Shchelkanovtseva, since 1927, Ya. Rosenstein had been teaching at the Music and Drama Institute (currently – I. P. Kotlyarevsky Kharkov National University of Arts) – Professor of cello class, chamber ensemble, orchestra class, conducting; in 1929 he became an Academic Director. (Shchelkanovtseva, 1992 : 179). Opera-symphonic conducting class at Kharkov Music and Drama Institute, which was opened in autumn of 1927, is a merit of Ya. Rosenstein. During 8 years, he had been training such conductors as: P. Ya. Balenko, M. P. Budyansky, I. I. Vymer, F. M. Dolgova, K. L. Doroshenko, D. L. Klebanov, B. T. Kozhevnikov, V. N. Nakhabin, V. S. Tolba and others. In 1926–1927, the Orchestra of Unemployed Musicians in Kharkov was transformed into the First State Symphony Orchestra of All-Ukrainian Radio Committee, which in autumn of 1929 was integrated with the Ukrainian Philharmonic. In 1929–1932 Ya. Rosenstein acted as a chief conductor. Then he was replaced by German Adler, a graduate of German Academy of Music and Performing Arts in Prague, and a world-famous conductor. In 1937, this musical group was the base for creation the State Symphony Orchestra of the Ukrainian SSR in Kiev (nowadays the National Symphony Orchestra of Ukraine). (Pluzhnikov, 2016 : 358). In 1935–1941 and 1944–1946 Ya. Rosenstein was a conductor of T. G. Shevchenko Kiev Academic Opera and Ballet Theater of the Ukrainian SSR. According to S. S. Feldman, there he brilliantly showed himself in the ballet performances “Swan Lake” and “Sleeping Beauty” by P. Tchaikovsky, “The Fountain of Bakhchisarai” and “The Prisoner of the Caucasus” by B. Asafiev, “Lilaea” by K. Dankevich and “Raymonda” by A. Glazunov (Feldman, 2009 : 102). In summer of 1941 the War began, and the theater troupe was evacuated to Ufa. In 1942–1944 the United Ukrainian State Opera and Ballet Theater was created on the basis of the Kharkov and Kiev theaters in Irkutsk. More than 650,000 people visited 785 performances conducted by N. D. Pokrovsky, Ya. A. Rosenstein and V. S. Tolba in Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk and other cities! In June 1944, the theater troupe returned to Kyiv, and in 1946 Ya. Rosenstein died. He was buried at Baykove cemetery in Kyiv. Conclusion. The creative personality of Ya. A. Rosenstein, a cello player, conductor, teacher, one of the organizers of the First State Symphony Orchestra in Ukraine and the creators of the Kharkov school of orchestra conducting, deserves more attention on behalf of the scientists, musicians and all non-indifferent people. There is hope that Ya. A. Rosenstein’s memory will not be forgotten, and the name of this talented and noble person will take its rightful place in the annals of Ukraine and Russian musical culture.
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Kashuba, Denis. "Chamberness in genre-stylistic field of Piano concertos by Johannes Brahms." Aspects of Historical Musicology 16, no. 16 (September 15, 2019): 207–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum2-16.12.
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Introduction. In recent years, there has been indefatigable interest of scholars in the concerto genre, and that can be proven by constantly appearing research article and dissertation, devoted to it. For example, in 2017 and 2019 candidate dissertation [Ph. D] have been published, that illuminated previously obscure pages of, respectively, French tradition of this genre, embodied in concertos for various instruments with orchestra by C. Saint-Saëns, and AustroGerman of the first decades of XIX century (including those by J. N. Hummel, I. Moscheles, F. Ris). Expansion of the knowledge about this genre in historical aspect is accompanied by refinements and changes of viewpoints on its essence, that allows, in particular, to comprehend the phenomenon of intersection of different traits of a symphony, a concerto and an ensemble in composers’ activity of XX – beginning of XXI century. A presumption is made, that between these stated genres there is some kind of interlocutor, that is dialogism. At the same time, it is noted, that various types of a dialogue in given work do not lead inevitably to some “mix” or ambivalence, but can contribute to realisation of the potential of the concerto genre. The last one can be applied to the Piano concertos by J. Brahms. Objectives. The goal of the given article is to reveal signs of chamberness in genre-stylistic field of Piano concertos by Johannes Brahms. Results and discussion. In spite of widely disseminated opinion that they belong to predominately orchestral type or even are “symphonies with piano obligato” (Kuznetsov, 1980; Beyer, 1897), they reveal influence of another essential characteristics of the genre, including chamberness. This can be explained either by classicism of J. Brahms’s composer style, who has always orientated towards tradition of his times or by integrativity, that is an iconic trait of late-Romantic music. The examples are given of grand-scale symphonic conceptions deriving from primal ensemble ideas. It is noted, that while the understanding of the genre’s nature remains stable, in each Concerto the proportion of symphonism, concertoness and chamberness is singular due to a significant time interval passing between them and noticeable difference in level of composer’s maturity. Both Concertos reveal the following attributes of chamberness: frequent usage of separate orchestra groups, eventual appearance of “ensemble of soloists” on the background of certain groups or without any accompaniment, significant dramaturgic role played by solos of the piano either slightly supported by sparse instruments while their parts are rather scattered or absolutely unaccompanied. It is stressed that regarding playing piano one should not equate one performer with one part as there are parts of right and left hands and dialogues appearing between them (Polskaya, 2001). On the other side, mono-pianistic expression doesn’t necessarily coincide with a monologue, as self-comprehension of a personality can be marked by a significant dialogism and even conflict (Misitova, 2004). The Piano concertos by J. Brahms can serve as an example for the last observation as appearances of the soloist (chiefly, solo) create additional thread of dramaturgy, sometimes governing the development of music and its images. In the First concerto, given its allusions to the Baroque era, one can discern frequent usage of chamber, sometimes exclusively string orchestra. It is pointed out that initial image of Maestoso, that is supposed to be portrayed by sonority of the accentuated brass group as it has tremendous and formidable mood, is in fact embodied by strings with occasional illuminations of another groups. In Adagio the archi section also plays the leading role, being in dialogue with two bassoons in the first orchestral episode, later entering compassionate dialogue with the piano. In both movements the full orchestra is used only in the climactic moments, often with the soloist involved. And the Finale is the only movement where the semantics of the competition and festivities of the masses urges the composer to use entire orchestra. The logic of changes of emotional states in the solo part is quite clear. It is a personification of a “lyrical hero”, who is in a state of an inner dialogue, and that engenders a conflict situation, largely contributing to the dramatism of further events in the music. Employments of the ensemble are sporadic and are usually illuminated by a background of the orchestra. In Second concerto, while the strategy of chamberness of orchestra and raising the significance of the soloist remains stable, on the contrary, different means of ensemble communication are developed, including those involving “satellite” instruments. Their activity is revealed in the very first bars of Allegro non troppo, where French horn and piano resemble quiet and leisurely conversation. This duet in its further appearances marks the borders of large chapters of the structure, therefore acquiring compositional significance. Ensemble qualities are intrinsic for Andante from this Concerto, where another soloist appears, singled out from the group of cellos, and later oboe, clarinets make their entrance, and the score turns into sheer dialogue of soloists. Conclusions. Comparison of two Piano concertos by J. Brahms allows to state that composer simultaneously has firm understanding of this genre and favours different traits of chamberness in each of them. In the latter one “satellite” timbres are used, ensemble structures are more significant. And this paves the way for ensemble differentiation of the orchestra, that can be regarded as one of the first portents of modern understanding of concerto genre and abovementioned processes of “mixing”.
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Rickards, Guy. "Icarus Soaring: the music of John Pickard." Tempo, no. 201 (July 1997): 2–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298200005763.
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Although John Pickard's music has received a good many performances and radio broadcasts over the past decade, it was the relay of his dazzling orchestral tone poem The Flight of Icarus (1990) during the 1996 Proms1 which brought him to the notice of the wider concert–going and –listening public. There is some justice in that piece attracting such attention, as it is one of his most immediate in impact, while completely representative of his output at large. That output to date encompasses three symphonies (1983–4, 1985–7, 1995–6) and five other orchestral works, three string quartets (1991, 1993, 1994; a fourth in progress), a piano trio (1990), sonatas for piano (1987) and cello and piano (1994–5), vocal and choral works, pieces for orchestral brass (Vortex, 1984–5) and brass band – the exhilarating Wildfire (1991), which crackles, hisses and spits in ferocious near–onomatopoeia, and suite Men of Stone (1995), celebrating four of the most impressive megalithic sites in Britain, one to each season of the year. There are other works for a variety of solo instruments and chamber ensembles, such as the intriguing grouping of flute, clarinet, harpsichord and piano trio in Nocturne in Black and Gold (1983) and the large–scale Serenata Concertante for flute and six instruments of a year later. Still in his mid-thirties – he was born in Burnley in 1963 – Pickard has already made almost all the principal musical forms of the Western Classical tradition his own, with only opera, ballet and the concerto as yet untackled.
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Burel, Oleksandr. "On Gabriel Pierné and his compositions for piano and orchestra." Aspects of Historical Musicology 16, no. 16 (September 15, 2019): 170–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum2-16.10.
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Background. The French composers’ creativity of the late XIX – first third of XX centuries is the admirable treasury of the world musical art. It is worth mentioning such remarkable and original artists as C. Debussy and M. Emmanuel, P. Dukas and E. Satie, A.Roussel and M.Ravel. The name of G. Pierné (1863–1937) can surely be added to this series of authors. But his oeuvre is still terra incognita for us. The thorough considerable researches about the author are not numerous. The monograph “Gabriel Pierné: musicien lorrain” by G. Masson was created in 1987, and the publication of the composer’s letters named as “Correspondance romaine” was published in 2005. In the 2000s, a lot of audio recordings of his best works were published, which testifies to the relevance of the author’s heritage and confirms the urgency of present topic of article. Objectives of this study is to focus researchers on G. Pierné’s personality and art, to consider his works for piano and symphonic orchestra – Fantasy-Ballet, Piano Concerto, Scherzo-Caprice, Symphonic Poem. Methods. The research is based on the historical biographical, the intonational, the comparative research methods. Results. C. Debussy, M. Ravel and composers of “Les Six” at their time outshined Pierné’s work. But years have passed and interest in the personality of this author has appeared. During his training in Paris Conservatory (1871–1882), G. Pierné achieved excellent results, having won in many student competitions. He studied composition in the class of J. Massenet (together with E. Chausson, G. Charpentier, G. Ropartz). Having won the competition for the Prix de Rome (1882), the young author was given the opportunity to live at Villa Medici (1883–1885). Spent time in Rome was one of the best episodes of his life. The first concert work by G. Pierné – Fantasy-Ballet (1885) for piano and orchestra was written there. The composition is based on the sequence of contrasting dancing episodes in the character of march, gallop, waltz, tarantella. It is significant that the ballet genre took pride of place in the work of G. Pierné later. The composer’s staying in Italy caused visibility, colorfulness, cheerfulness, feed activity, energy of images, using of genre motifs in FantasyBallet. The series of various episodes conveys a whimsical change of mood and resembles a sketches of impression. Returning to Paris in 1885, G. Pierné sought to strengthen his reputation as a soloist by entering the salon circles. At this time, he created many piano works, including the three-movement Piano Concerto c-moll (1886). This composition contains many dramatic moments which concentrated in the first and third movements of the cycle. However, as is often the case with French Romantic composers, such using of dramatic elements has a somewhat superficial, rhetorical character. The first movement is written in sonata form. The theme of the main subject (in c-moll), expounded by the piano octaves, is active and boisterous. And the secondary Es-dur subject is peaceful and lucid. There is the same entrancing serenity as in the lyrical theme of the E. Grieg’s Piano Concerto finale. In the first movement, the development is very short, and the recapitulation is abridged. It should be noted that G. Pierné refused to use the cadence of the soloist. The second movement is written in a three-part form with elements of variation and rondo. This light scherzo takes the listener away from the anxieties of previous movement. Every bar of this music, in which everything is made with elegant French taste, caresses the ear. The main theme, including the dotted rhythm, serves as a refrain that permeates the entire movement. The finale is distinguished by its developmental forcefulness and truly symphonic reach. So, the continuation of C. Saint-Saëns’s covenants is in the concentration of thematic material, the observableness of form, the rhetorical syllable, and rhythmic activity at the Pierné’s Piano Concerto. Scherzo-Caprice (1890) enriched the French miniature line. The image sphere of this opus is lucid lyrics, good-gentle jocosity, and solemnity. The melodic talent of the composer proved itself very convincing here. The theme of the waltz echoes the waltz episode from the Fantasy-Ballet in some details. Being written also in A-dur, it contains the upward melody moves with a passing VI# (fisis), and also diversions into the minor (cis-moll in Scherzo-Caprice, fis-moll in Fantasy-Ballet). At the turn of the century, the influence of C. Franck’s music was produced on the G. Pierné’s style. This is reflected in such works as the Symphonic Poem “L’An Mil” (1897), Violin Sonata (1900), oratorio “Saint François d’Assise” (1912), and Cello Sonata (1919). An appeal to the Symphonic Poem for piano and orchestra (1903) is also a clear sign of rapprochement with the late romantic branch (C. Franck, E. Сhausson). Here we see a departure of G. Pierné from the C. Saint-Saëns’s concert traditions, which he held before. In the Poem, such qualities as virtuosity, concert brilliance, and representativeness are somewhat leveled, which is caused with the narrative character of this work. Conclusions. During the “Renovation period” of French music, the piano and orchestra compositions experienced a real upsurge in its development. Composers began to turn more often not only to the Piano Concerto genre, but also to non-cyclic works – Fantasies, Poems, Rhapsodies, etc. G. Pierné contributed much to this branch along with C. Saint-Saëns, B. Godard, Ch.-M. Widor. In his Fantasy-Ballet, Piano Concerto, Scherzo-Caprice, we find the continuation of C. Saint-Saëns’s instrumental traditions. This is manifested in the moderation of the musical language, the normative character of harmonious thinking, the absolute clarity of discourse, concern for the relief of the melodic line. In the Symphonic Poem, contiguity with the musical aesthetics of С. Franck is revealed, which is reflected in harmony modulation shifts, appeal to polyphonic technique, differentiated and more powerful orchestration.
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Abréu-Ramos, Antonio M., and William F. Micheo. "Lifetime Prevalence of Upper-body Musculoskeletal Problems in a Professional-level Symphony Orchestra: Age, Gender, and Instrument-specific Results." Medical Problems of Performing Artists 22, no. 3 (September 1, 2007): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2007.3022.
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Instrumentalists are at risk to develop upper-body musculoskeletal problems (MSKPs). Identified risk factors include age, gender, instrument played, joint laxity, and poor technique or posture. In this study, we established the prevalence of MSKPs that affect the ability to play an instrument in the population of a professional-level symphonic orchestra and the relation of these problems to gender, age, and instrument. The members of the Puerto Rico Symphony Orchestra were recruited voluntarily. A questionnaire was used to obtain information on demographics, instrument played, and history of MSKP severe enough to affect their playing ability. Questions also covered alleviating and aggravating factors, upper-body areas involved, type of symptoms, and type of treatment sought. After the questionnaire was completed, all players underwent a neuromusculoskeletal upper-body examination. Of the 75 musicians participating, 81.3% reported having had an MSKP that affected their ability to play. Of these, 83.6% reported their MSKP was directly associated to playing. Females were more commonly affected, 87.5% vs. 79.7% for males. Lower-body strings (cello, bass) players and percussionists (93.3% and 100%, respectively) and younger (22-29 yrs) and older (50-61 yrs) populations (83.3% and 90.9%, respectively) reported more MSKPs. These age groups played more hours per week (28.7 and 32.0 hrs, respectively). In all groups, low back pain was the most common complaint, present in 75.4% of those with MSKPs. Upper-body strings (violin, viola) players also reported neck and left shoulder problems. Contributing factors include hours of exposure and technical expertise. Female gender, age, and instrument played were found to be risk factors for developing MSKPs in this population.
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Yan, Yang. "The formation of the Chinese orchestra of traditional instruments of a new type in the 1920s-1930s." Problems of Interaction Between Arts, Pedagogy and the Theory and Practice of Education 50, no. 50 (October 3, 2018): 165–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.34064/khnum1-50.12.
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Background. The history of the development of orchestral music for Chinese traditional instruments covers more than a thousand years. During this time, the traditional orchestra has undergone significant changes. In the article the modern stage of the development of the orchestra of a new type is considered starting from the 1920s, when its modification began and integration with the principles of the Western Symphony Orchestra. The modernization of the Chinese orchestra of traditional instruments began in the twentieth century after the overthrow of imperial rule and the emerging changes in Chinese society. Nevertheless, the process of integrating the Western musical traditions was carried out in China for several centuries, which prepared the ground for the qualitative changes that began in the 20th century in the field of national musical art. The development of orchestral music for Chinese traditional instruments is not sufficiently studied today in musicology. One of the little studied periods is the initial stage of the formation of the Chinese orchestra of folk instruments of a new type in the 1920s – 1930s. Objectives. The purpose of the article is to reveal the prerequisites and specifics of the formation of the Chinese orchestra of traditional instruments of a new type in the 1920s and 1930s, to determine the role of outstanding Chinese musicians in the process of modernizing the orchestra and creating the appropriate national repertoire. The methodology of research is based on musical-historical approach combined with musical-theoretical and performer analysis. Results. The first shifts in the integration of Western and national traditions in Chinese traditional orchestral music became possible thanks to the activities of the music society “Datong yuehui”, as well as the emergence of higher professional musical institutions in China and the training of Chinese musicians abroad. The most important role in the formation of the Chinese orchestra of traditional instruments of a new type was played by outstanding musicians Zheng Jinwen, Liu Tianhua, Zheng Tisi. Zheng Jinwen was the initiator of the creation of the society “Datong Yuhui” in 1920. He began the process of standardizing various Chinese instruments with the goal of unifying their sound tuning fork. This was necessary for a well-coordinated game in the orchestral ensemble. The musician modernized and developed new methods of tuning traditional instruments for flute dizi, multi-barrel sheng and expanded the orchestra to forty people. Zheng Jinwen adapted the national repertoire to a new type of orchestra, performing as an author of orchestral transcriptions of ancient music for traditional Chinese instruments. Liu Tianhua became the creator of the Society for the Development of National Music at Peking University (1927–1932). The musician reformed the old system of Chinese notation “gongchi” based on hieroglyphs, modernized it and adapted it to the Western musical notation. Substantial achievement of Liu Tianhua was a significant modification of the erhu with the replacement of strings by metal, changing the settings in accordance with the standards of Western stringed instruments. As a result, the erhu acquired the status of a leading or solo instrument in a new type of orchestra. The activity of the first modern Chinese orchestra of traditional instruments, the musical collective of the Broadcasting Company of China, created in Nanjing in 1935, had a great importance. In 1937, from the Second Sino-Japanese War, the orchestra was transferred to Chongqing, and after the victory of the Communists in 1949, he moved to Taiwan. One of the orchestral musicians, Zheng Tisi, played an outstanding role in the formation of this group. The musician carried out the reformation of this orchestra in the field of tuning instruments. The range of the orchestra was expanded by the introduction of additional wooden string instruments dahu and dihu, having a volumetric sound-board and tuned an octave below the violin erhu. Their purpose was to fill the lower register, alike to the cellos and double basses in Western orchestras. For the first time the post of conductor and his assistant was introduced by Zheng Tisi, which was also able to attract professional composers to create a multi-voiced orchestral national repertoire. The innovations of the outstanding musician made his orchestra a role model for all subsequent similar contemporary Chinese orchestras. Conclusions. The process of forming a Chinese orchestra of traditional instruments of a new type in the 1920s and 1930s made it possible to modernize Chinese traditional folk instruments and the ancient Chinese notation system in order to adapt Chinese orchestral music to the integrative processes in musical art. Orchestral music was reformed in accordance with the principles of Western European symphonic and conducting art. In this process, outstanding highly professional Chinese musicians who contributed to the development of orchestral music in their country and the creation of a corresponding national repertoire played the leading role.
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Palmer, Peter. "Swiss Cello Concertos." Tempo 60, no. 235 (January 2006): 39–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298206270049.
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URS JOSEPH FLURY: Vineta; Concerto for Cello and Orchestra; Sinfonietta for Strings. Biel Symphony Orchestra; Pierre Fournier (vlc), Vienna Volksoper Orchestra; Vienna Chamber Orchestra c. Urs Joseph Flury. Musikszene Schweiz MGB CD 6184.SCHOECK: Concerto for Cello and String Orchestra, op. 61; Suite in A flat for Strings, op. 59. Julius Berger (vlc), South West German Chamber Orchestra of Pforzheim c. Vladislav Czarnecki. ebs 6145 (www.EBSMusikproduktion.de).
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Rapoport, Paul. "The Symphonies of Tālivaldis Ķeniņš." Tempo, no. 157 (June 1986): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298200022300.
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The economic and political issues which affect the composition, performance, and recording of new orchestral music (or, more precisely, which prevent these activities) operate as much in Canada as in any other western country. Even if works for orchestra do appear, they are more noticeable for their rarity than for their abundance. So it is surprising even to most people in Canada to learn that one Canadian composer has written 21 works for orchestra in the past 26 years, including eight symphonies. Like his other works, these symphonies contain a wide variety of music of impressive technical and formal control and substantial expressive power and depth.
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Johnson, Bret. "Ernst Toch’s symphonies." Tempo 60, no. 235 (January 2006): 43–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298206300046.
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TOCH: Complete Symphonies. Rundfunk-Sinfonieorchester Berlin c. Alun Francis. Three CDs, available separately: Nos. 1 and 4: cpo 999 774-2; Nos. 2 and 3: cpo 999 705-2; Nos. 5, 6 and 7: cpo 999 389-2.TOCH: Piano Concerto No. 1, op. 38; Peter Pan, op. 76; Pinnochio Overture; ‘Big Ben’ Variations, op. 62. Todd Crow (pno), NDR Hamburg Symphony Orchestra c. Leon Botstein. New World Records 80609-2.
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Sutherland, Roger. "Myaskovsky." Tempo 57, no. 226 (October 2003): 58–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298203320352.
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Frank, Andrew, and Richard Rodney Bennett. "Sonnets to Orpheus; For Cello and Orchestra." Notes 45, no. 2 (December 1988): 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/941369.
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Marsden, Hannah. "Symphonies, Status and Soft Power: The Symphony Orchestra of India." ASIAN-EUROPEAN MUSIC RESEARCH JOURNAL 7 (June 21, 2021): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30819/aemr.7-2.
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The Symphony Orchestra of India (SOI) is India's only professional symphony orchestra. In this paper, I explore the roles and meanings of the SOI. First, I situate it locally within its home city of Mumbai, positioning it within discourses of social class, status, and globally-minded aspiration. I argue that local values and ideologies surrounding professional musicianship compromise attempts to embed orchestral musicking in the city. I then move on to place the SOI within discourses of nation building, questioning the role of the orchestra as a marker of national development. I suggest that Mumbai's transnational middle class and elite communities, as well as the SOI's multinational corporate donors, consider investment in an orchestra a part of India's wider political and economic development. I point to tensions that are created as India's local and national government resist the notion of the orchestra as a marker of modernity and instead champion Indian arts and cultures as foundational to India's nationhood. Finally, I explore the SOI's transnational networks, looking at its role within cultural diplomacy and soft power. I show that, whilst the SOI has made significant steps in 'reaching out' and finding a place within transnational cultural networks, its efforts are hampered by its failure to 'stand out'; to forge its own national identity as an Indian symphony orchestra.
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Arias, Enrique Alberto. "The Symphonies of Alexander Tcherepnin." Tempo, no. 158 (September 1986): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298200022531.
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When Alexander Tcherepnin Died in 1977, he left a rich legacy of symphonic composition written over a major portion of this century. Of these works, the most important are the four symphonies and the Divertimento for orchestra. They are worthy companions of the symphonies of Prokofiev and Shostakovitch. The changes of style found in these five pieces correspond to similar changes found in other major composers of the period.
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Sutherland, Roger. "Dutilleux." Tempo 57, no. 226 (October 2003): 45–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298203220350.
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DUTILLEUX: Métaboles1; Cello Concerto2; The Shadows of Time3. 1Orchestra National de France c. Mstislav Rostropovitch; 2Arto Noras (vlc), Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra c. Jukka-Pekka Saraste; 3Boston Symphony Orchestra c. Seiji Ozawa. Hlatus 0927-49830-2.
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Dolan, Emily. "Haydn, Hoffmann, and the opera of instruments." Studia Musicologica 51, no. 3-4 (September 1, 2010): 325–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/smus.51.2010.3-4.7.
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In 1809, E. T. A. Hoffmann declared that the symphony, in the hands of Haydn and Mozart, had become the “opera of instruments.” This view of symphony, which was echoed by other writers of the period, reflected how composers engaged with instruments through orchestration. This essay explores the use of instrumental sonority in the slow movements of Haydn’s later symphonies, in particular looking at the ways in which Haydn’s approach to the orchestra helped cultivate the notion that symphonies unfolded as dramas. This conception of the orchestra and of orchestration informed the language of musical criticism of the early nineteenth century: Hoffmann’s discussions of musical works frequently take the form of operatic plot summaries, in which individual instruments act as characters. The persistence of operatic metaphors suggests that, instead of thinking of this period as the “rise of instrumental music,” it is more accurate to understand it as the rise of the orchestra.
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LISTER, WARWICK. "THE FIRST PERFORMANCE OF HAYDN’S ‘PARIS’ SYMPHONIES." Eighteenth Century Music 1, no. 2 (September 2004): 289–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478570604000168.
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Haydn composed his ‘Paris’ Symphonies, Nos 82–87, in 1785–1786 on commission from the Concert de la Société Olympique, whose orchestra gave the first performances, probably in 1787. This essay considers aspects of these first performances – the audience, the venue and the performers, about which there is all too little information and a certain amount of confusion.
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Horváth, Pál. "Untying the “Musical Sphinx:” Beethoven’s Symphony No. 9 in Nineteenth-Century Pest-Buda." Studia Musicologica 61, no. 1-2 (April 13, 2021): 33–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/6.2020.00003.
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It is well known that Beethoven’s Ninth was followed by a temporary crisis in the genre of the symphony: the next generation found it difficult to get away from the shadow of this monumental piece. The Ninth was first performed in Hungary in 1865, more than 40 years after the world-premiere. We should add, however, that during the first half of the nineteenth century, no professional symphonic orchestra and choir existed in Pest-Buda that would have coped with the task. Although the Hungarian public was able to hear some of Beethoven’s symphonies already by the 1830s – mainly thanks to the Musical Association of Pest-Buda – in many cases only fragments of symphonies were performed. The Orchestra of the Philharmonic Society, founded in 1853, was meant to compensate for the lack of symphonic concerts. This paper is about the performances of Beethoven’s symphonies in Pest-Buda in the nineteenth century, and it especially it focuses on the reception of Symphony No. 9 in the Hungarian press, which cannot be understood without taking into consideration the influence of the Neudeutsche Schule (New German School).
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Miller, Malcolm. "Recent Cello Music by Graham Whettam." Tempo, no. 216 (April 2001): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298200008470.
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The recent spate of world premières, concerts and several newly-released and imminent CD recordings have indicated a renewed interest in the music of the British composer Graham Whettam, who celebrated his 70th birthday with a concert in 1998 (see review in Tempo 206) and is still busy producing new works. As recently as February he completed his Fifth Symphony, for chamber orchestra (a Sixth is in progress) and his String Quartet No.4 is scheduled for a première later this year.
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Whittall, Arnold. "Isang Yun." Tempo 57, no. 226 (October 2003): 48–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298203240353.
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YUN: My Land, My People!; Exemplum in Memoriam Kwangju. Chorus and State Symphony Orchestra of the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea, c. Byung-Hwa Kim. Symphonies Nos. 1–5. Filharmonia Pomorska Bydgoszcz, c. Takao Ukigaya. Richard Salter (bar). CPO 999 165-2 (4-CD set)
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Johnson, Bret. "MORTON GOULD McKINLEY." Tempo 58, no. 230 (October 2004): 88–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298204310338.
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MORTON GOULD: Symphony No. 2. HARBISON: Cello Concerto1. STUCKY: Son et Lumière. GABRIEL GOULD: Watercolors2. 1David Finckel (vlc), 2Robert Sheena (cor anglais), Albany Symphony Orchestra c. David Alan Miller. Albany TROY 605.McKINLEY: Violin Concerto1; Symphony of Winds; Sinfonie Concertante2. 1Janet Packer (vln), Warsaw National Philharmonic c. Jerzy Svoboda, 2Silesian Philarmonic Orchestra c. Joel Suben. MMC2119.McKINLEY: Wind, Fire, and Ice1; Mostly Mozart2; Silent Whispers3. 1Victoria Griswold (pno), London Symphony Orchestra c. Roger Briggs, 2Royal Liverpool Philharmonic c. Gerard Schwarz, 3Warsaw Philharmonic c. Robert Black. MMC2134.McKINLEY: Symphony No. 6, Prague1. STEWART: Scherzo. BIGGS: Salutation. ROSSI: Moon-Mirror. 1Roman Janal (bar), Czech Radio Symphony c. Vladimir Valek. MMC2123.
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Bailey, Bert. "Concertos for the End of the Milennium." Tempo 59, no. 234 (September 21, 2005): 61–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298205260321.
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‘Conciertos para el fin del milenio’. TOUSSAINT: Concierto No. 2 para violonchelo y orquesta (1999). MARQUEZ: Espejos en la arena (2000). SIERRA: Cuatro versos (Concerto for Cello & Orchestra) (1999). Carlos Prieto (vlc), Orquesta de las Americas c. Carlos Miguel Prieto, conductor. Urtext JBCC 047.
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Yalong, Yu. "DEVELOPMENT OF CELLO SCHOOL IN CHINA. CREATIVE AND PEDAGOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF WANG LIANSAN AND SITU ZHIWEN." Arts education and science 1, no. 2 (2021): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/hon.202102014.
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The article traces the development of Chinese cello tradition, the process of its formation in interaction with national European schools (Spanish, French, Russian, etc.) and the appearance of the first national musicians-performers who became founders of Chinese cello pedagogical system. The significance of the first major cello composition San Tung's Fantasia for Cello and Orchestra, was also emphasized. Presented are the portraits of outstanding instrumentalists — Wang Liansan and Situ Zhiwen, whose creative and pedagogical experience allowed not only to significantly renew the system for training young people, but also to enrich the performing repertoire of contemporary Chinese cellists, to improve their artistic and technical abilities. Wang Liansan's activity was not limited to teaching or performing. He was also active as a composer, considering the composing of national music for the cello as one of his main tasks. Some of his cello pieces were widely known and enjoyed great success not only in China, but far beyond. The work of Situ Zhiwen, known as an orchestral performer and soloist, was very important too. She also created many manuals and playbooks for musicians of all ages based on her great pedagogical experience.
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Рябцева, І. М., and А. Ю. Мороз. "Genre modifications of concerts’ cello by S. Prokofiev as a display of commonwealth from composer and performers." Музикознавча думка Дніпропетровщини, no. 15 (November 1, 2019): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33287/22198.
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The purpose of the article is consist of identification andsummarization the disparate little-known facts of the creative communityof Sergei Prokofiev with Gregory Pyatigorsky and Mstislav Rostropovich,which preceded the creation of the „Concerto for Cello and Orchestra”op. 58 and „Symphony Concert for Cello and Orchestra”, op. 125. Theauthor is determining the reasons of the transformation from the soloconcert genre into a genre of a symphony-concert, taking into account thehistorical and biographical aspect. The research methods are based on theuse of various research approaches. The method of complex musicologicalanalysis is used, synthesizes historical and theoretical aspects andcombines disparate, little-known facts of biographical information. Thecomparative method involving such methods as analysis, synthesis,comparison, allows to reveal the features of the performance interpretationof the works. Axiological approach is the basis where the value criteria ofinterpretation versions are formed. Structurally analytical method is thebasis where the logic of a statement of a material and conclusions ofresearch is formed. The empirical method allows to carrying out the studyof the proposed topic at a practical level. Scientific novelty consists ofargumentation of the fact that the creative community of the composer andperformer is one of the determining factors in the formation of theimmanent properties of the work. For the first time, the development of thecello concert genre in the works of S. Prokofiev was proposed intoanalisys through the prism of the creative tandems of the composer withG. Pyatigorsky and M. Rostropovich. This perspective of the comparativeanalysis of works represents an understanding of the basis for thetransformation of the genre of a solo concert into the genre of a symphonyconcert. The conclusions highlight the importance of creative interactionbetween the composer and the performer. The base from the analysis ofthe two works a namely „Concert for cello and orchestra” op. 58,dedicated to G. Pyatigorsky and its late edition, known as „SymphonyConcerto for Cello and Orchestra” op. 125, dedicated to M. Rostropovich, generalize the specifics of the composer’s creative tandem withperformers, substantiates the hypothesis about the transformation of theConcert genre model (romantic concert model) into the ConcertSymphony (synthesis of the baroque and romantic model). The communityof S. Prokofiev with G. Pyatigorsky and M. Rostropovich enriched themany-sidedness of the composer’s ideological and compositional designthanks to a wide range of methods of translating the musical material thatthese soloists owned.
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BOSTAN, Maria-Cristina. "Dmitri Shostakovich – Concerto no.2 for cello and orchestra op.126." " BULLETIN OF THE TRANSYLVANIA UNIVERSITY OF BRASOV, SERIES VIII - PERFORMING ARTS" 12(61), no. 2 Special (February 4, 2020): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31926/but.pa.2019.12.61.29.
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Finney, Ian. "Vagn Holmboe: Quartet Composer at Work." Tempo, no. 171 (December 1989): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298200019951.
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Vagn Homboe, born in Horsens on the Jutland peninsula in 1909, is the doyen of Danish composers. Although he celebrates his eightieth birthday on 20 December, he remains formidably productive: his new Twelfth Symphony was premièred by the BBC Welsh Symphony Orchestra in Cardiff on 21 October. A prolific composer in many genres, his reputation rests securely on the twin pillars of his symphonies and his even more numerous string quartets.
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Horvath, Janet. "An Orchestra Musician’s Perspective on 20 Years of Performing Arts Medicine." Medical Problems of Performing Artists 16, no. 3 (September 1, 2001): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2001.3018.
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As the Associate Principal Cello of the Minnesota Orchestra since 1980 and the founder and director of the Playing (less) Hurt Conference and Lecture Series, I have seen the explosion of interest in and the establishment of the field of performing arts medicine from its very inception. Over the years, I have encountered countless musicians in various stages of denial or shame concerning their very real pain. Admitting to a problem ultimately means reckoning with it, making changes to playing technique or habits, and oftentimes taking a hiatus from playing altogether.
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Conway, Paul. "Thea Musgrave round-up." Tempo 57, no. 226 (October 2003): 50–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004029820325035x.
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‘Pierrot Dreaming’. MUSGRAVE: Canta! Canta!; Ring Out Wild Bells; Threnody; Pierrot; Chamber Concerto No. 2. Victoria Soames Samek (cl), Gabrielle Byam-Grounds (fl), David Le Page (vn/va), Matthew Sharp (vc), Mark Troop (pno). Clarinet Classics CC0038.‘The Fall of Narcissus’. MUSGRAVE: Serenade; Narcissus; Impromptu for flute and cello; Wind Quintet; Impromptu No. 2 for flute, oboe and clarinet; Four Portraits for baritone, clarinet and piano. Victoria Soames Samek (cl), Members of English Serenata, David Le Page (va), Matthew Sharp (vc), Stephen Varcoe (bar), Rachel Masters (hp). Clarinet Classics CC0039.MUSGRAVE: Memento Vitae; Helios; Night Music; The Seasons. Nicholas Daniel (ob), Scottish Chamber Orchestra c. Nicholas Kraemer; BBC Symphony Orchestra c. Jac van Steen. NMC (ANCORA+) D074.‘Oriental Landscapes’. MUSGRAVE: Journey Through a Japanese Landscape. CHEN YI: Percussion Concerto. ZHOU LONG: Out of Tang Court. HOVHANESS: Fantasy on Japanese Wood Prints. Evelyn Glennie (perc), Singapore Symphony Orchestra c. Lan Shui. BIS CD 1222.
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Rakochi, Vadym. "The Orchestra of Schumann and its Modifications in the Cello Concerto op. 129." Scientific herald of Tchaikovsky National Music Academy of Ukraine, no. 128 (September 25, 2020): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31318/2522-4190.2020.128.215195.
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Vastamäki, Martti, Heidi Vastamäki, Leena Ristolainen, Katrinas Laimi, and Mikhail Saltychev. "Violists and Violinists Report More Intense Hand Pain on NRS Than Other Orchestra Musicians." Medical Problems of Performing Artists 35, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21091/mppa.2020.3024.
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AIMS: Among musicians, string players have the highest prevalence for musculoskeletal overuse. Playing a violin or viola requires rapid, repetitive, and complicated movements of the hands and fingers. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine whether violin/viola, violin/cello, and violin/French horn players experience more intense musculoskeletal pain than other instrumentalists. METHODS: The study sample consisted of 590 orchestra musicians (354 male, 236 female, mean age 36 yrs). Self-administered questionnaires were used to assess pain of the back, neck, shoulder, face, jaw, and upper extremity. Pain intensity during the last 7 days was measured by an 11-point numeric rating scale (NRS) with a score from 0 to 10, as well as was disadvantage at work and leisure. RESULTS: Of the interviewed musicians, 20% presented playing-related musculoskeletal disorders at the time of the interview. Compared to other professional orchestra musicians, violin and viola players reported significantly more intense pain in the hand during the last week. Also, they had experienced more frequent neck pain ever and in 5 years than the others. During the past 30 days, violin and viola players had also perceived more harm in their upper limb joints. Violin/cello and violin/French horn players did not differ from the others. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that musicians playing the violin or viola have more intense hand pain and more frequent neck pain than other musicians, but these seem to disturb their daily tasks only a little.
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Conway, Paul. "James MacMillan premieres in Edinburgh, Glasgow and London." Tempo 68, no. 269 (June 16, 2014): 70–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298214000114.
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The concerto form is well represented in James MacMillan's output. So far, he has written three for piano, two for percussion and one each for violin, viola, cello, trumpet, oboe and clarinet. There is also threaded through his output a series of concertante works, such as A Deep but Dazzling Darkness, for violin, ensemble and tape (2003), A Scotch Bestiary, for organ and orchestra (2004) and the concertino Seraph, for trumpet and strings (2010). All share a common concern to realise fully the soloist's expressive potential.
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TOLLEY, THOMAS. "JAMES CERVETTO AND THE ORIGIN OF HAYDN'S D MAJOR CELLO CONCERTO." Eighteenth Century Music 16, no. 1 (February 14, 2019): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478570618000325.
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ABSTRACTHaydn's D major cello concerto has traditionally been associated with Anton Kraft, a performer in Haydn's orchestra at Eszterháza during the 1780s. Before Haydn's autograph came to light in the 1950s, many authorities had accepted apparent evidence that Kraft was the concerto's composer. Even after the autograph's rediscovery, the seeming connection of the concerto with Kraft appeared so compelling that it was widely assumed he participated in the compositional process. This article demonstrates that Kraft's connection with the concerto was actually fabricated in the 1830s. Contemporary reports show that the concerto was in fact composed for the distinguished virtuoso James Cervetto, who performed it in London in 1784. Both the distinctive characteristics of the concerto, often regarded by commentators as indications of compositional weakness, and also its exceptional technical challenges are here interpreted as responses to Cervetto's singular musical temperament and exceptional proficiency, communicated to Haydn through the commission.
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Green, Edward. "Interview with Ge Gan-ru." ICONI, no. 4 (2019): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33779/2658-4824.2019.3.076-084.
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This interview is with the person rightlycalled China’s fi rst “avant-garde” composer,Ge Gan-ru. The honor is due to his 1983 compositionfor solo cello, Yi Feng (Lost Style), whichgrew out of his in-depth analysis of how Westernand Chinese music differ in their core presumptionsabout pitch, rhythm, timbre, and dynamics.A summary of that analysis is an important featureof this interview. Among other works discussedare his Wrong, Wrong, Wrong! for Voice,self-accompanied by a Toy Orchestra (2006), andhis Fifth String Quartet (2007), titled Fall of Baghdad.Interview with Ge Gan-ru for ICONI, conductedby Dr. Edward Green.
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Dmitrienko, T. I., and E. A. Zhilkina. "Performance technique in the romantic concerto for cello and orchestra h-moll by a. Dvorak." Искусство и образование, no. 4 (2021): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.51631/2072-0432_2021_132_4_56.
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Abram, Omri. "TIMBRE-BASED COMPOSITION, MULTIPLE PERSPECTIVES AND AMBIGUITY IN REBECCA SAUNDERS’ COMPOSITIONAL STYLE." Tempo 75, no. 297 (June 28, 2021): 20–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298221000206.
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AbstractThis article takes up Rebecca Saunders’ comments on the significance of timbre in her work to develop a timbre-centred analytical technique for two of her compositions, Ire (2012), for cello and ensemble, and Still (2011), for violin and orchestra. Two overarching principles are identified: the organisation of the pieces’ sounds into clearly differentiated categories, which can also overlap in different ways, and the use of a phrase-based logic in the pieces’ formal construction. Alongside the timbral construction, stable pitches acquire formal significance by virtue of their rarity and conspicuousness. I also elaborate on the ways in which perceptual ambiguity is fruitfully exploited in these works.
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Palmer, Peter. "Frédéric Rapin, Musik in Luzern, Rhapsodische Kammermusik aus der Schweiz’. ERNST LEVY, HERMANN SUTER." Tempo 58, no. 229 (July 2004): 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298204350229.
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‘Frédéric Rapin: Concertos suisses pour clarinettes’. Works by HERBERT FRIES, ARMIN SCHIBLER, JEAN BINET, JEAN BALISSAT, ANDOR KOVACH and ALEXIS CHALIER. Frédéric Rapin (cl), Kammerorchester Arpeggione Hohenems c. Jean-François Antonioli. Musiques Suisses Grammont Portrait MGB CTS-M 80.‘Musik in Luzern: Kammermusik Duo Lang’. FRITZ BRUN: Sonata No. 1 for Violin and Piano. THÜRING BRÄM: Album ‘Goodbye Seventies’. With works by MENDELSSOHN and RACHMANINOV. Brigitte Lang (vln), Yvonne Lang (pno). GALLO CD-1084.‘Rhapsodische Kammermusik aus der Schweiz’. ERNST LEVY: Quintet in C minor for 2 violins, viola, cello and double bass1. HERMANN SUTER: Sextet in C major for 2 violins, viola, 2 cellos and double bass2. FRANK MARTIN: Rhapsodie for 2 violins, 2 violas and double bass3. Florian Kellerhals, Stefan Häussler (vlns), 2,3Nicolas Corti, 1,3Bodo Friedrich (vlas), Imke Frank, 2Matthias Kuhn (vcs), Andreas Cincera (db). Musiques Suisses MGB CD 6201.HERMANN SUTER: Symphony in D minor. HANS JELMOLI: Three Pieces for Orchestra from the comic opera Sein Vermächtnis. Moscow Symphony Orchestra c. Adriano. Sterling CDS-1052-2.
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Ozsvárt, Viktória. "Interactions between symphonies and film music in the œuvre of László Lajtha." Studia Musicologica 58, no. 2 (June 2017): 239–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/6.2017.58.2.6.
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In the case of Hungarian composer and ethnomusicologist László Lajtha (1892–1963) discovering the manifold potentials in a symphonic orchestra linked strongly with the composition of works for stage and screen. Nevertheless, it clearly makes sense to examine the long-term relations Lajtha had with the film as a genre, by searching for common features in the structure of his music composed for films and his symphonies. Much of the musical material in Lajtha’s Third Symphony is similar to those he used in his 1948 film music for Murder in the Cathedral. The similarity gains more complexity if one takes into consideration that the Third Symphony was marked by the composer as the starting point in a monumental, five-fold symphonic cycle composed through the 1950s. The article makes an attempt to explore the thematic and motivic relationship between the Third Symphony, the Variations and the film score Murder in the Cathedral by analysing the musical material and the structure, and by searching for correlation between the audible and visual effects of the music Lajtha used in the movie scenes. This kind of examination may offer a new perspective on the sources of inspiration that shaped Lajtha’s workmanship and it also gives some important information about his way of thinking about music.
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Johnson, Bret. "ROREM: Symphonies Nos. 1, 2 and 3. Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra c. José Serebrier. Naxos American Classics 8.559149." Tempo 58, no. 227 (January 2004): 77–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298204290064.
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Conway, Paul. "John McCabe CD round-up." Tempo 58, no. 229 (July 2004): 53–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298204290222.
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JOHN McCABE: Concerto for Piano and Wind Quintet; Musica Notturna; Fauvel's Rondeaux; Postcards for wind quintet. The Fibonacci Sequence. Dutton CDLX 7125.‘Old City New Image’. McCABE: String Trio; String Quartet No. 2. DAVID ELLIS: Trio for violin, viola and cello; String Quartet No. 1. Camerata Ensemble. Campion Cameo 2027.McCABE: Piano Concerto No. 2; Concertante Variations on a theme of Nicholas Maw; Six-Minute Symphony; Sonata on a Motet. Tamami Honma (pno), St Christopher Chamber Orchestra c. Donatas Katkus. Dutton CDLX 7133.‘Tenebrae’. McCABE: Variations; Intermezzi; Sostenuto (Study No. 2); Capriccio (Study No. 1); Aubade (Study No. 4); Tenebrae; Scrunch (Study No. 8); Evening Harmonies (Study No. 7). Tamami Honma (pno). Metier MSV CD92071.
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Serov, Iurii Eduardovich. "Symphonies by B. Tishchenko: in tune with the times, against the troubled times. Part 1." PHILHARMONICA. International Music Journal, no. 4 (April 2021): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2453-613x.2021.4.36161.
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The research subject is the symphonic works of an outstanding Russian composer of the late 20th century Boris Ivanovich Tishchenko (1939 - 2010). The article considers his compositions of the 1960s - 1980s: the first six symphonies with numbers and some symphonies with titles. The author studies such aspects of the topic as Tishchenko’s innovatory role in the renovation of Russian symphonic style of the 1960s, the interrelation of music and poetry in Tishchenko’s large orchestra compositions, and the significant influence of literary concepts on the development of his symphonic style. Special attention is given to the issue of Tishchenko taking over from the large Russian symphonic tradition. The main contribution of the research is the idea that Tishchenko is among the few of his generation who held true to the genre of large “pure” symphony, and took over from the symphonic line of his genius teacher D. Shostakovich. The author’s special contribution is the analysis of all symphonic works by B. Tishchenko. Such a detailed study is the first in Russia. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the fact that the author proves a close connection between Tishchenko’s symphonic style and his epoch, the controversial cultural and social processes suffered by his generation.
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Lack, Graham. "In the Driving Seat: on the Reception of John Casken's Cello Concerto in Germany." Tempo 57, no. 225 (July 2003): 40–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298203240249.
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The composer himself relates how Heinrich Schiff had requested a ‘self-drive concerto’, one that combined the roles of soloist and conductor and in which a ‘sense of propulsion was provided by the orchestra's inner voice’. It has taken twelve years since the work's inception for John Casken's Cello Concerto to reach Munich, the southernmost major city in Germany. And it was Casken who conducted recently the Münchener Kammerorchester with the renowned Austrian soloist in the Herkulessaal here in the Bavarian capital. The world première was actually back in 1991 at the Schleswig Holstein Music Festival, with Schiff (to whom the work is dedicated) and the Northern Sinfonia delivering it with ‘exemplary and total allegiance’, according to one of Germany's more prestigious journals, Die Zeit. The work is ‘approachable’, this particular review continues; is cast in a musical language that ‘admits in its gestural directness highly expressive motifs and clear contours of tension’; manifests ‘expressive colour’; and gently queries the ‘depth of communication between soloist and orchestra’.
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Rovner, Anton А. "Vocal and Choral Symphonies and Considerations on Text Representation in Music." ICONI, no. 2 (2020): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.33779/2658-4824.2020.2.026-037.
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The article examines the genres of the vocal and the choral symphony in connection with the author’s vocal symphony Finland for soprano, tenor and orchestra set to Evgeny Baratynsky’s poem with the same title. It also discusses the issue of expression of the literary text in vocal music, as viewed by a number of influential 19th and 20th century composers, music theorists and artists. Among the greatest examples of the vocal symphony are Gustav Mahler’s Das Lied von der Erde and Alexander von Zemlinsky’s Lyrische Symphonie. These works combine in an organic way the features of the symphony and the song cycle. The genre of the choral symphony started with Beethoven’s Ninth Symphony and includes such works as Mendelssohn’s Second Symphony, Scriabin’s First Symphony and Mahler’s Second, Third and Eighth Symphonies. Both genres exemplify composers’ attempts to combine the most substantial genre of instrumental music embodying the composers’ philosophical worldviews with that of vocal music, which expresses the emotional content of the literary texts set to music. The issue of expressivity in music is further elaborated in examinations of various composers’ approaches to it. Wagner claimed that the purpose of music was to express the composers’ emotional experience and especially the literary texts set to music. Stravinsky expressed the view that music in its very essence is not meant to express emotions. He called for an emotionally detached approach to music and especially to text settings in vocal music. Schoenberg pointed towards a more introversive and abstract approach to musical expression and text setting in vocal music, renouncing outward depiction for the sake of inner expression. Similar attitudes to this position were held by painter Wassily Kandinsky and music theorist Theodor Adorno. The author views Schoenberg’s approach to be the most viable for 20th and early 21st century music.
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Золотарьова, Н. С., and Т. О. Оліферовська. "ВПЛИВ ВИКОНАВСЬКОЇ ШКОЛИ НА ІНТЕРПРЕТАЦІЮ ТВОРУ (на прикладі віолончельного концерту А. Дворжака)." Музикознавча думка Дніпропетровщини, no. 15 (November 4, 2019): 149–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33287/221912.
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The purpose of this article is analysis of possible versions concerning the interpretation of the Antonin Dvorak’s concert for cello with orchestra, h-moll or. 104, their origin and influence on the manner of performance. Moscow and Leningrad schools are taken as an example. Schools of S. Kozolupov and O. Strimer represent vividly different views on means of theory and interpretation. In my opinion, the most colorful and controversial on the matter of interpretation are the following representatives of the music schools: M. Rostropovich as a representative of the S. Kozolupov views and D. Shafran for O. Strimer school. These cellists are interesting not only because of their vivid difference in the vision of theory and interpretations of music works, but also by the fact that they have made a lot of effort to popularize the cello and bring it to the level of solo instrument as high as the violin and piano. The methods of this research consist of historical, empirical, practical, interpretive-comparative approaches, which are based on examination of performance versions through the prism of the pedagogical schools influence on the aspects of the art-technological plan. The scientific novelty consists in the lack of material on the comparison of interpretative versions of the concert for cello A. Dvorak h-moll op. 104 performed by Soviet cellists Mstislav Rostropovich and Daniil Shafran, in terms of the influence of "school" on technical techniques and artistic vision of the work, which is considered as an example, in his genre, of the most striking combinations of deep lyricism, drama and the need for a masterly skills of instrument proficiency. It’s one of a few favorite concerts of the Romantic era among the soloists of cello. Thus, it contains a broad background for an interpretative analysis. Conclusions. Comparison of interpretative versions, as a method of performing analysis contributes to a vivid representation of the artistic content of the work, helps to find its own style combining already used technical and agogic techniques of the performance with new artistic views.
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Johnson, David. "Edinburgh: Lyell Cresswell's ‘Good angel, bad Angel’." Tempo 59, no. 234 (September 21, 2005): 40–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298205240305.
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Good angel, bad angel is a new 1-act opera, premièred in Edinburgh on 20 May and toured to Glasgow, Peebles and Inverness on 21, 23 and 25 May; it received four performances in all. It lasts almost exactly an hour, and is scored for the slenderest forces imaginable – three singers covering six roles, and an orchestra of four players (bass clarinet doubling B flat clarinet, violin, viola, cello). The story is nasty, centring on the pointless murder of a miserly old shopkeeper on Christmas Day; it slightly reminds one of A Christmas Carol, except that it completely lacks Dickens's optimism and hope. The opera supposedly ends with the central character's redemption, but this is ambiguous and pretty hard to follow.
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Stein, Robert. "BBC Promenade Concerts: Jörg Widmann, Armonica, BBC Philharmonic/Storgårds 1.8.16; Mark Simpson, Israfel, BBC Philharmonic/Mena 9.8.16; Emily Howard, Torus, RLPO/V Petrenko 25.8.16." Tempo 71, no. 279 (December 20, 2016): 93–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0040298216000759.
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Jörg Widmann is a German composer who is acutely conscious but certainly not in awe of his musical forebears. His best-known string quartet, no. 3 ‘The Hunt’ makes dramatic use of – and has great fun with – Schumann. His 2011 concerto Flûte en suite, performed at the 2014 Proms, more than nods to Bach and baroque elegance. In Armonica, commissioned by the International Mozarteum Foundation to celebrate Mozart's 251st birthday in 2007, Widmann surprisingly and yet unsurprisingly features the glass harmonica, the distinctive instrument that Mozart featured in his own last chamber piece, the Adagio and Rondo for glass harmonica, flute, oboe, viola and cello, K617. Mozart teamed the instrument with the quieter representatives from the wind and string families; Widmann places it against the whole orchestra.