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1

Schworm, Ronald W., and Ricki Birnbaum. "Symptom Expression in Hyperactive Children." Journal of Learning Disabilities 22, no. 1 (1989): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002221948902200107.

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2

Ye, Hua, Andrew Zalesky, Jinglei Lv, et al. "Network Analysis of Symptom Comorbidity in Schizophrenia: Relationship to Illness Course and Brain White Matter Microstructure." Schizophrenia Bulletin 47, no. 4 (2021): 1156–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbab015.

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Abstract Introduction Recent network-based analyses suggest that schizophrenia symptoms are intricately connected and interdependent, such that central symptoms can activate adjacent symptoms and increase global symptom burden. Here, we sought to identify key clinical and neurobiological factors that relate to symptom organization in established schizophrenia. Methods A symptom comorbidity network was mapped for a broad constellation of symptoms measured in 642 individuals with a schizophrenia-spectrum disorder. Centrality analyses were used to identify hub symptoms. The extent to which each p
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3

Coulter, Kirsty L., Marianne L. Barton, Diana L. Robins, Wendy L. Stone, and Deborah A. Fein. "DSM-5 symptom expression in toddlers." Autism 25, no. 6 (2021): 1653–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13623613211000160.

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Although the early behaviors associated with autism spectrum disorder have been well characterized, many behaviors are also commonly observed in young children with other developmental delays and even in those with typical development. Therefore, consideration must be given to whether a child demonstrates sufficient autism spectrum disorder symptoms to warrant this diagnosis. Using the Toddler Autism Symptom Inventory, we examined caregiver endorsement of specific behaviors in three groups of toddlers referred for autism spectrum disorder risk: those who received a best-estimate diagnosis of a
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4

Peyre, Hugo, Nicolas Hoertel, Samuele Cortese, et al. "Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptom Expression." Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 75, no. 04 (2014): 386–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/jcp.13m08638.

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5

Rao, Sudhir S., J. Owen Hendley, Frederick G. Hayden, and Jack M. Gwaltney. "Symptom Expression in Natural and Experimental Rhinovirus Colds." American Journal of Rhinology 9, no. 1 (1995): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/105065895781874114.

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For the past 3 decades, rhinovirus grown in cell culture and used to induce experimental infections has been assumed to produce illness comparable to natural rhinovirus illness. However, no studies have been conducted to compare the characteristics of these two illnesses. We have used two data bases, one from natural colds of proven rhinovirus etiology and one for experimental rhinovirus colds, to compare symptom occurrence. The natural cold data set contained prospectively collected data for the frequency of occurrence of symptoms for 139 insurance employees with natural rhinovirus colds. The
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Bousman, Chad A., Stephen J. Glatt, Sharon D. Chandler та ін. "Negative Symptoms of Psychosis Correlate with Gene Expression of the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Peripheral Blood". Psychiatry Journal 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/852930.

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Genes in the Wnt (wingless)/β-catenin signaling pathway have been implicated in schizophrenia pathogenesis. No study has examined this pathway in the broader context of psychosis symptom severity. We investigated the association between symptom severity scores and expression of 25 Wnt pathway genes in blood from 19 psychotic patients. Significant correlations between negative symptom scores and deshivelled 2 (DVL2) (radj=−0.70;P=0.0008) and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3B) (radj=0.48;P=0.039) were observed. No gene expression levels were associated with positive symptoms. Our findings s
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7

Campbell, Grace B., and Mary Beth Happ. "Symptom Identification in the Chronically Critically Ill." AACN Advanced Critical Care 21, no. 1 (2010): 64–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/15597768-2010-1009.

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Ascertaining the symptom experience of chronically critically ill (CCI) patients is difficult because of communication impairment and fluctuations in patient cognition and physiologic conditions. The use of checklist self-report ratings is hampered by the inability of most CCI patients to respond verbally to symptom queries. In addition to the communication problems caused by mechanical ventilation, the apparently diverse idioms of symptom expression add to the potential for miscommunication regarding symptom experience. Although patient communication impairment is a major barrier to symptom i
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8

Arrendell, Susan, and Wanda W. Collins. "Reaction of Sweet Potato Seedlings to the Russet Crack Strain of Feathery Mottle Virus." HortScience 21, no. 5 (1986): 1191–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.21.5.1191.

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Abstract The response of 501 open-pollinated seedlings of 9 parental clones of sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] to the severe russet crack strain of sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SRC-FMV) was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. Sixty-four percent of the seedlings showed foliar, root, or foliar/root symptoms, indicating that SRC-FMV can be sap-transmitted to seedlings. Fifty-nine percent showed foliar symptoms only. Seedlings from the parental clone with the highest percentage of symptom expression (88%) in the greenhouse were used to study the effect of selected environmental
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9

Mundy, D. C., and M. A. Manning. "Physiological response of grapevines to vascular pathogens a review." New Zealand Plant Protection 64 (January 8, 2011): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2011.64.5974.

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The successful infection of a grapevine vascular system by a plant pathogen and expression of disease symptoms occur only when the pathogen has overcome the wound response and other defences of the vine Even when pathogens do successfully infect the vascular system of grapevines symptom expression is not often observed in the first season Symptoms may be observed in one year but the same vine can have reduced or no symptoms the following season Information is presented on physiological stress in association with trunk diseases as one factor that may contribute to symptom expression in vines A
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10

Jovičevič, Liza, Matej Tušak, and Matej Majerič. "EFFECTS OF AN EXERCISE AND MINDFULNESS PROGRAMME ON SYMPTOMS OF ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER IN BOYS AGED 9-11 YEARS." Kinesiologia Slovenica: scientific journal on sport 30, no. 2 (2024): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.52165/kinsi.30.2.39-55.

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ADHD is the most common behavioral disorder in children. Some professional therapeutic treatment (PTT) of ADHD includes also physical exercise (PE) and mindfulness training (MT). In this study we have combined both. The sample included 20 subjects in the experimental (EG) and 19 in the control group (CG). All subjects were ADHD diagnosed boys, aged 10(±1) years. The intervention of the EG used PE and MT, while the CG intervention used unsystematic emotion education. The intervention took place twice a week for 60 minutes over the 3 months. The subjects' expression of ADHD symptoms was measured
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11

Pauli, Robert E., and Kenneth G. Rohrbach. "Symptom Development of Chilling Injury in Pineapple Fruit." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 110, no. 1 (1985): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.110.1.100.

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Abstract Symptoms of chilling injury (Cl) expressed as internal browning (IB) in fresh pineapple [Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.] began to appear within 2 days at 22°C after a period of storage at temperatures less than 12°. Fruit not subjected to chilling temperatures during storage also developed similiar symptoms when held for 0 to 10 days at between 18° and 30°. Fruit stored for longer than 3 weeks at temperatures of 8° and 3° showed fewer CI symptoms than similar fruit held at 12°. Waxing fruit either before or immediately after exposure to chilling temperatures was equally effective in reduci
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12

A. Karthikeyan, S. Mohan, and R. Bhaskaran. "USEFULNESS OF EARLY DIAGNOSTIC METHODS FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF BASAL STEM ROT (GANODERMA) DISEASE OF COCONUT." CORD 18, no. 01 (2002): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v18i01.356.

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Chemodiagnostic methos EDTA and TTC tests and physiological parameters electrical conductivity and relative water content are useful to detect the basal stem rot disease in coconut palms, 4 - 14 months before visual symptom expression. The critical values of these tests for symptom expression have been fixed. In coconut trees, root sampling from any directions at 15 - 30 cm depth is optimum for early detection tests. Coconut palms without symptoms but showing higher values in diagnostic tests responded well to treatments by registering lesser disease index and higher nut yield than the treated
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13

DEL FRARI, Giovanni, Francesco CALZARANO, and Ricardo BOAVIDA FERREIRA. "Understanding the control strategies effective against the esca leaf stripe symptom: the edge hypothesis." Phytopathologia Mediterranea 61, no. 1 (2022): 153–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/phyto-13295.

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A peculiar symptom that may develop in grapevines affected by wood pathogens involved in the esca complex of diseases is the leaf stripe symptom, which also gives the name to the Grapevine Leaf Stripe Disease. Multiple studies have revealed strong links between fungal presence, wood symptomatology and expression of the leaf stripe symptom. However, numerous other factors have been shown to play roles in symptom onset, incidence, severity and yearly fluctuation of this disease. While the factors triggering the leaf stripe symptom are still under investigation, three control strategies have been
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14

Calzarano, Francesco, Giancarlo Pagnani, Michele Pisante, et al. "Factors Involved on Tiger-Stripe Foliar Symptom Expression of Esca of Grapevine." Plants 10, no. 6 (2021): 1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10061041.

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Esca of grapevine causes yield losses correlated with incidence and severity symptom expression. Factors associated with leaf symptom mechanisms are yet to be fully clarified. Therefore, in 2019 and 2020, macro and microelement analyses and leaf reflectance measurements were carried out on leaves at different growth stages in a vineyard located in Abruzzo, central Italy. Surveys were carried out on leaves of both never leaf-symptomatic vines and different categories of diseased vine shoots. Never leaf-symptomatic and diseased vines were also treated with a fertilizer mixture that proved to be
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15

Shi, Yin, Yue-Hua Chen, Xiao-Jun Yin, et al. "Electroacupuncture versus Moxibustion for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized, Parallel-Controlled Trial." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/361786.

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Objective.To compare the impacts of electroacupuncture (EA) and mild moxibustion (Mox) on patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).Method.Eighty-two IBS patients were randomly allocated into EA group (n=41) and Mox group (n=41) and received corresponding interventions for four weeks. Before and after the treatment, the Visual Analogue Scale for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (VAS-IBS) was used to evaluate the gastrointestinal symptoms and mental well-being; and the expression of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), 5-HT3receptor (5-HT3R), and 5-HT4receptor (5-HT4R) in sigmoid mucosal tissue we
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16

Borges Naito, Fernanda Yuri, Shirani Manel Kumari Widana Gamage, Neena Mitter, and Ralf Georg Dietzgen. "Temporal expression of defence and susceptibility genes and tospovirus accumulation in capsicum chlorosis virus-infected capsicum." Archives of Virology 167, no. 4 (2022): 1061–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-022-05401-1.

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AbstractYolo Wonder (YW) and Warlock (W), two capsicum cultivars that are susceptible to capsicum chlorosis virus (CaCV), were compared in terms of symptom development, tospovirus accumulation, and host gene expression during the first 12 days post infection (dpi). Temporal expression of selected early CaCV-response genes was used to gain insights into plant-virus interactions and to identify potential targets for CaCV control. Symptoms developed faster in YW during the first seven days of infection, while systemic symptoms were similar in both cultivars at 10 and 12 dpi. CaCV accumulation was
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17

Rue, S. J. De La, R. Hopkinson, and K. S. Gibb. "Assessment of Stylosanthes seed yield reduction caused by phytoplasma-associated diseases." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 42, no. 8 (2002): 1053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea02049.

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The effect of Stylosanthes little leaf disease on Stylosanthes scabra cv. Seca seed yield was monitored over 2 consecutive seasons at Southedge Research Station in northern Queensland. The time of initial symptom expression was recorded during weekly assessments to determine what effect time of infection after planting had on seed yield. First flowering date was recorded to establish whether the developmental stage of the plant, as indicated by the onset of reproductive activity, at the time of symptom expression influenced the effect of Stylosanthes little leaf disease on yield. At the end of
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18

Maslen-Miller, Amy, Robert A. Fullerton, Angelika Tugaga, et al. "Symptom expression of Phytophthora colocasiae in inoculated taro corms." New Zealand Plant Protection 73 (January 27, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2020.73.11012.

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Taro leaf blight (TLB), caused by Phytophthora colocasiae, is normally characterised by leaf lesions. There are isolated reports of P. colocasiae causing a corm rot but the symptoms are not well defined and have not been recorded in Samoa. Here we report on an inoculation method and describe the symptoms of corm rot caused by P. colocasiae. In this study, a corm inoculation method was developed in physical containment laboratories in New Zealand and subsequent symptom development studies were undertaken on TLB-tolerant taro cultivars in Apia, Samoa. The Samoan TLB-tolerant taro cultivars were
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19

Lewsey, Mathew, Monique Surette, Fiona C. Robertson, et al. "The Role of the Cucumber mosaic virus 2b Protein in Viral Movement and Symptom Induction." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 22, no. 6 (2009): 642–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-22-6-0642.

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The Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) 2b protein is a counter-defense factor and symptom determinant. Conserved domains in the 2b protein sequence were mutated in the 2b gene of strain Fny-CMV. The effects of these mutations were assessed by infection of Nicotiana tabacum, N. benthamiana, and Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype Col-0) with mutant viruses and by expression of mutant 2b transgenes in A. thaliana. We confirmed that two nuclear localization signals were required for symptom induction and found that the N-terminal domain was essential for symptom induction. The C-terminal domain and two serine
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20

Garibay, Erika, Bita Ghafoori, and Molly Ranney. "PTSD Symptom Expression in Latina Sexual Assault Survivors." International Journal of Health, Wellness, and Society 11, no. 2 (2021): 69–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/2156-8960/cgp/v11i02/69-82.

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21

MABUCHI, YASUO. "Expression of subjective symptom in clinical pharmacological test." Rinsho yakuri/Japanese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 30, no. 1 (1999): 181–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3999/jscpt.30.181.

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22

Atak, Zeliha, Ezgi Isil Turhan, Sakine Rahimli Ocakoglu, and Ozlem Ozgun Uyaniklar. "Symptom-related Ki-67 expression in endometrial polyps." European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology 272 (May 2022): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejogrb.2022.03.022.

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23

Sarawgi, Shivali, Mary E. Oglesby, and Jesse R. Cougle. "Intolerance of uncertainty and obsessive-compulsive symptom expression." Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 44, no. 4 (2013): 456–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2013.06.001.

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24

Merwin, Rhonda M., C. Alix Timko, Ashley A. Moskovich, Krista Konrad Ingle, Cynthia M. Bulik, and Nancy L. Zucker. "Psychological Inflexibility and Symptom Expression in Anorexia Nervosa." Eating Disorders 19, no. 1 (2010): 62–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10640266.2011.533606.

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25

Culbreath, A. K., J. W. Todd, and J. W. Demski. "Productivity of Florunner Peanut Infected with Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus." Peanut Science 19, no. 1 (1992): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3146/i0095-3679-19-1-3.

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Abstract Individual plants of peanut cultivar Florunner were evaluated over time for symptoms of tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in field plots in 1988, 1989 and 1990. Time of symptom appearance was recorded for symptomatic plants. Seed yield was determined for individual symptomatic plants and apparently healthy check plants on adjacent rows. Across all times of appearance of symptoms, number of seed produced, mean weight per seed and total seed yield were lower for symptomatic plants than for healthy plants in all three years. In 1989 and 1990, linear regression indicated that both number o
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Dreher, A., E. Hahn, T. M. T. Ta, et al. "Differences in symptom expression between Vietnamese and German patients utilizing a psychiatric outpatient service using the PHQ." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (2017): S336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.287.

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ObjectiveDespite a large body of work on somatic symptom presentation among people of Asian descent, research has shown heterogeneous results. Examining symptom presentation in clinically and ethnically well-characterized populations constitutes a first step towards better understanding differing patterns symptom of presentation. This is the first larger study aiming to compare Vietnamese and German psychiatric outpatients regarding symptom presentation.Methods110 Vietnamese and 109 German patients seeking psychiatric treatment at two outpatient clinic services in Berlin were asked to complete
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Chaudhry, H. R., N. Arshad, S. Niaz, F. A. Cheema, M. M. Iqbal, and K. A. Mufti. "Fifteen-year follow-up of conversion disorder." International Psychiatry 2, no. 10 (2005): 17–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600007517.

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The terms ‘conversion’, ‘hysteria’ and ‘conversion hysteria’ were used interchangeably to describe a condition characterised by a single somatised symptom, often pseudo-neurological in nature. DSM–III (American Psychiatric Association, 1980) expanded the concept of conversion to generalised symptoms involving loss or alteration of physical functioning suggestive of a physical disorder, along with a clinical indication that the conversion was an expression of psychological conflict or need. The type of symptom or deficit should be specified as: with motor symptom or deficit, with sensory sympto
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Horner, M. B., R. C. Van_den_Brink, and P. T. Austin. "The effect of fertiliser on detection of Apple stem grooving virus and Tobacco ringspot virus by herbaceous bioassay." New Zealand Plant Protection 67 (January 8, 2014): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2014.67.5738.

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Herbaceous indicator bioassays are used to screen for unwanted plant viruses on imported plant material To optimise virus detection the effect of plant nutrition was investigated to determine whether this plays a role in virus symptom expression and severity Apple stem grooving virus and Tobacco ringspot virus were inoculated onto a range of herbaceous indicator species grown in potting mix supplemented with differing rates of slowrelease fertiliser Higher rates of fertiliser resulted in better plant nutrition and a greater incidence of virus expression and more severe expression of disease in
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Magnin-Robert, Maryline, Marielle Adrian, Sophie Trouvelot, et al. "Alterations in Grapevine Leaf Metabolism Occur Prior to Esca Apoplexy Appearance." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 30, no. 12 (2017): 946–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-02-17-0036-r.

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Esca disease is one of the major grapevine trunk diseases in Europe and the etiology is complex, since several inhabiting fungi are identified to be associated with this disease. Among the foliar symptom expressions, the apoplectic form may be distinguished and characterized by sudden dieback of shoots, leaf drop, and shriveling of grape clusters in a few days that can ultimately induce the plant death. To further understand this drastic event, we conducted transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses to characterize responses of leaves during the period preceding symptom appearance (20 and 7 days
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Pacetti, Andrea, Samuele Moretti, Catia Pinto, et al. "Trunk Surgery as a Tool to Reduce Foliar Symptoms in Diseases of the Esca Complex and Its Influence on Vine Wood Microbiota." Journal of Fungi 7, no. 7 (2021): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7070521.

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In the last few years, trunk surgery has gained increasing attention as a method to reduce foliar symptoms typical of some of the Esca complex diseases. The technique relies on the mechanical removal of decayed wood by a chainsaw. A study on a 14-year-old Cabernet Sauvignon vineyard was carried out to validate the efficacy of trunk surgery and explore possible explanations behind it. Three levels of treatment were applied to three of the most characteristic symptoms associated with some diseases of the Esca complex, such as leaf stripe symptoms (LS), wilted shoots (WS) and apoplexy (APP). The
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V. Rajagoval and B. Sumathykuttyamma. "IDENTIFICATION OF ROOT (WILT) DISEASED COCONUT PALMS BEFORE VISUAL SYMPTOM EXPRESSION." CORD 5, no. 02 (1989): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v5i02.227.

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Determination of stomatal resistance (rs) and leaf water potential (ψ) were employed as techniques to distinguish coconut palms (Cocos nucifera L.) devoid of foliar symptoms ('apparently healthy') from those with symptorns of wilt disease viz. flaccidity, yellowing and necrosis ('wilt diseased'). Infected palms are characterized by low stomatal diffusive resistance and reduction in leaf water potential. Among the apparently healthy palms, some exhibited high rs and high ψ, characteristic of truly healthy palms, while others had the trend similar to the 'wilt' diseased palms. The latter group o
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Heath, Nancy Lee, and Shana Ross. "Prevalence and Expression of Depressive Symptomatology in Students with and without Learning Disabilities." Learning Disability Quarterly 23, no. 1 (2000): 24–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1511097.

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The present study compared girls and boys with and without learning disabilities (LD) on mean reports of depressive symptoms, prevalence of depression and type of depressive symptoms reported. One hundred children with LD (46 girls, 54 boys) ana 104 children without LD (50 girls, 54 boys) were compared on the Children's Depression Inventory's (Kovacs, 1992) overall score, percent meeting the cutoff for depression (19) and subscale factor scores indicating symptom patterns. Results revealed that (a) mean level of depressive symptoms between students with and without LD did not differ but preval
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Rector, Neil A. "Dysfunctional Attitudes and Symptom Expression in Schizophrenia: Differential Associations With Paranoid Delusions and Negative Symptoms." Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 18, no. 2 (2004): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/jcop.18.2.163.65959.

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The extent to which dysfunctional attitudes reflecting excessive need for interpersonal acceptance and approval and/or unrealistic performance standards and interpersonal distance are associated with patterns of symptoms in patients with psychiatric disorders other than depression has been hypothesized but little tested. This study aimed to assess the relations among dysfunctional attitudes and symptoms of psychopathology in patients with DSM-IV-diagnosed schizophrenia (N = 56). The interpersonal and performance-related subscales of the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (Weisman & Beck, 1978)
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LITHELL, M., C. BACKMAN, and Å. NYSTRÖM. "Pattern Recognition In Post-Traumatic Cold Intolerance." Journal of Hand Surgery 22, no. 6 (1997): 783–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0266-7681(97)80448-2.

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The subjective symptoms called “post-traumatic cold intolerance” were analysed in a study of 40 patients with a history of digital trauma (amputation, neurovascular laceration, or comminuted fracture requiring surgical reconstruction). The patients were individually interviewed to obtain detailed information about perception of each symptom as well as the pattern of symptoms of posttraumatic cold intolerance. The study confirmed the high incidence of the condition and its potentially disabling nature. Although the individual symptoms described by the patients have a limited number of categorie
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Poustka, L., G. K. Murray, E. Jääskeläinen, et al. "The influence of temperament on symptoms and functional outcome in people with psychosis in the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort." European Psychiatry 25, no. 1 (2010): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2009.09.006.

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AbstractObjectiveTo describe symptom expression and functional outcome in psychotic disorders in relation with temperament traits assessed with the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) in a population-based sample.MethodAs part of the 31-year follow-up survey of the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort, TCI temperament items were filled in by 4349 members of the cohort. In individuals with psychotic disorders, also positive and negative symptoms and outcome variables were assessed in a 35-year follow-up. Information of TCI and outcomes were available for altogether 41 individuals with psych
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Osterbaan, Larissa J., Jiyeong Choi, Jaimie Kenney, et al. "The Identity of a Single Residue of the RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase of Grapevine Fanleaf Virus Modulates Vein Clearing in Nicotiana benthamiana." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 32, no. 7 (2019): 790–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-12-18-0337-r.

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The mechanisms underlying host plant symptom development upon infection by viruses of the genus Nepovirus in the family Secoviridae, including grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), are poorly understood. In the systemic host Nicotiana benthamiana, GFLV strain GHu produces characteristic symptoms of vein clearing in apical leaves, unlike other GFLV strains such as F13, which cause an asymptomatic infection. In this study, we expanded on earlier findings and used reverse genetics to identify residue 802 (lysine, K) of the GFLV-GHu RNA1-encoded RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (1EPol) as a modulator of vei
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Chabi, Modeste, Anicet Gbèblonoudo Dassou, Hubert Adoukonou-Sagbadja, John Thomas, and Aman Bonaventure Omondi. "Variation in Symptom Development and Infectivity of Banana Bunchy Top Disease among Four Cultivars of Musa sp." Crops 3, no. 2 (2023): 158–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/crops3020016.

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Banana bunchy top disease (BBTD) is an invasive viral disease spreading in Africa. It is transmitted by banana aphids and infected planting material, causing production losses. Clean seeds and timely eradication of diseased plants are effective tools in BBTD management. These depend on timely disease detection. We assessed the relationship between symptom expression and infectivity of the virus in four cultivars of banana. Plantlets from four cultivars, ‘FHIA 25’; ‘Aloga’; ‘Ebenga’ and ‘Sotoumon’, were exposed to viruliferous aphids and monitored for symptom expression. They were also tested a
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Jang, Yoonhee, Kyunghee Kang, Kyungho Jang, and Kyeonghae Kim. "Study of Korean Symptom Expression in 119 Emergency Calls." Fire Science and Engineering 30, no. 4 (2016): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7731/kifse.2016.30.4.135.

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Zingmond, David S., Amy M. Kilbourne, Amy C. Justice, et al. "Differences in Symptom Expression in Older HIV-Positive Patients." JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 33, Sup 2 (2003): S84—S92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00126334-200306012-00005.

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LAOR, NATHANIEL, LEO WOLMER, ZEEV WIENER, RONIT WEIZMAN, PAZ TOREN, and SAMUEL RON. "Image Control and Symptom Expression in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder." Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease 187, no. 11 (1999): 673–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-199911000-00004.

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41

Pearlstein, Teri, Kimberly A. Yonkers, Rana Fayyad, and John A. Gillespie. "Pretreatment pattern of symptom expression in premenstrual dysphoric disorder." Journal of Affective Disorders 85, no. 3 (2005): 275–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2004.10.004.

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42

Hill, Bernard D., Melanie Kalischuk, Doug R. Waterer, Benoit Bizimungu, Ron Howard, and Lawrence M. Kawchuk. "An Environmental Model Predicting Bacterial Ring Rot Symptom Expression." American Journal of Potato Research 88, no. 3 (2011): 294–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12230-011-9193-4.

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Chang, Nadine, Jennifer Newman, Emily D'Antonio, Jennifer McKelvey, and Mark Serper. "Ethnicity and symptom expression in patients with acute schizophrenia." Psychiatry Research 185, no. 3 (2011): 453–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2010.07.019.

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Gumley, Andrew. "Metacognition, affect regulation and symptom expression: A transdiagnostic perspective." Psychiatry Research 190, no. 1 (2011): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2011.09.025.

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Markarian, N., H. W. Li, S. W. Ding, and J. S. Semancik. "RNA silencing as related to viroid induced symptom expression." Archives of Virology 149, no. 2 (2004): 397–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00705-003-0215-5.

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Rugaitienė, Margarita, Gytė Damulevičienė, Vita Lesauskaitė, and Ingrida Ulozienė. "Oropharyngeal Dysphagia as the Main Expression of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis." Medicina 58, no. 5 (2022): 647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina58050647.

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most common form of motor neuron disease. Only about 10% of ALS patients survive more than 10 years. Clinical studies show that multidisciplinary care statistically significantly improves survival compared to neurological care. ALS tends to manifest as limb weakness, but some patients present with bulbar symptoms, such as dysphagia and dysarthria. In rarer cases, the main symptom of ALS is oropharyngeal dysphagia. Respiratory muscle weakness is a relatively rare symptom at the onset of this disease and may lead to a fatal outcome due to aspiration pne
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Vidalakis, G., S. M. Garnsey, J. A. Bash, G. D. Greer, and D. J. Gumpf. "Efficacy of Bioindexing for Graft-Transmissible Citrus Pathogens in Mixed Infections." Plant Disease 88, no. 12 (2004): 1328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2004.88.12.1328.

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Biological indexing for graft-transmissible pathogens of citrus in the presence of additional pathogens was investigated. The probability for symptom expression, the efficacy of the bio-indexing tests, and the number of citrus indicators required for pathogen detection were statistically evaluated. Multiple infections did not preclude symptom expression or reduce the diagnostic efficacy of the primary indexing hosts for Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), Citrus psorosis virus (CPsV), and Citrus tatter leaf virus (Apple stem grooving virus). Symptoms of Citrus vein enation virus (CVEV) and the diagno
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Cecchini, Edi, Zhenhui Gong, Chiara Geri, Simon N. Covey, and Joel J. Milner. "Transgenic Arabidopsis Lines Expressing Gene VI from Cauliflower Mosaic Virus Variants Exhibit a Range of Symptom-Like Phenotypes and Accumulate Inclusion Bodies." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 10, no. 9 (1997): 1094–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi.1997.10.9.1094.

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Gene VI of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) is an important determinant of symptom expression during infection. We have constructed a series of transgenic Arabidopsis lines that express gene VI protein (P6) from two CaMV isolates (Bari-1 and Cabb B-JI) that cause mild and severe symptoms, respectively, in Arabidopsis, and from a recombinant virus (Baji-31) with a hybrid gene VI that causes very severe symptoms. From 41 transgenic lines analyzed, 17 showed symptom-like phenotypes that ranged from mild vein chlorosis to severe chlorosis and stunting. P6 levels in trans-genic lines varied from und
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Allen, Tom, Burt Bluhm, Kassie Conner, et al. "First Description of the Causal Agent of Taproot Decline of Soybean, an Emerging Disease in the Southern United States." Plant Health Progress 18, no. 1 (2017): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-01-17-0004-rs.

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Over the past decade, a soybean root issue of unknown etiology has been observed across a widespread geography in the southern United States. Recently, pathologists began referring to the problem as taproot decline of soybean, based on the appearance of root symptoms. Taproot decline has been observed to cause foliar symptoms in vegetative and reproductive soybean plants ranging in maturity from V6 to R6. Symptom expression can appear similar to other notable root-associated diseases except that taproot decline exhibits a progression of symptom expression from subtle to severe interveinal chlo
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Molchan, Susan E., Rick A. Martinez, Brian A. Lawlor, Jordan H. Grafman, and Trey Sunderland. "Reflections of the Self: Atypical Misidentification and Delusional Syndromes in Two Patients with Alzheimer's Disease." British Journal of Psychiatry 157, no. 4 (1990): 605–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.157.4.605.

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Two patients with moderately severe AD, when asked directly, could identify their own images in a mirror, but also consistently misidentified their own reflections as that of another person. Both patients were paranoid and mildy depressed at times, but had no evidence of other concurrent psychotic symptoms. It appeared that mood substantially modified the nature of the symptom and the patients' reaction to it over time. These cases illustrate the ability of an organic symptom to be modified by a concurrent affective state, indicating the importance of the interaction between biological and psy
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