Journal articles: 'Synchronous digital hierarchy (Data transmission)'

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Shao, Sujie, Qingtao Zeng, Shaoyong Guo, and Xuesong Qiu. "Random Violation Risk Degree Based Service Channel Routing Mechanism in Smart Grid." Energies 11, no. 11 (October 23, 2018): 2871. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11112871.

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Smart gird, integrated power network with communication network, has brought an innovation of traditional power for future green energy. Optical fiber technology and synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) technology is widely used in smart grid communication transmission network. It is a challenge to reduce impact of the availability of smart grid communication services caused by random failures and random time to repair. Firstly, we create a service channel violation risk degree (SCVRD) model to precisely track the violation risk change of communication service channel. It is denoted by the probability of service channel cumulative failure duration exceeding the prescribed duration. Secondly, a service channel violation risk degree routing mechanism is proposed to improve the availability of communication service. At last, the simulation is implemented with MATLAB and network data in one province are used as data instance. The simulation results show that the average service channel failure rate of availability-aware routing based on statistics (AAR-OS) algorithm and risk-aware provisioning algorithm are reduced by 15% and 6%, respectively.

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Choudhury, Panchali Datta, and Tanmay De. "A Study on Evolution of Optical Fiber Communication from PDH to SDM Technology." Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology 43, no. 7 (July 23, 2024): 140–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/cjast/2024/v43i74413.

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In today’s world, long distance communication is a vital part of communication technology. In the field of communication, continuous research is going on for transmission of a greater number of bytes. In this article we discuss the different stages of long-distance communication via optical fiber and we go through the history of optical fiber communication and discuss the different stages of development in the optical fiber communication. This article briefly discusses the following stages of optical fiber communication: i) Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH) ii) Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) iii) Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) iv) Elastic Optical Networks (EONs) v) Space Division Multiplexing (SDM).

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Ohtake, Kohhei, Hiroyuki Kasai, and Toshinori Tsuboi. "Jitter transmission model and jitter power estimation in pointer processing for synchronous digital hierarchy." Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part I: Communications) 79, no. 10 (1996): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ecja.4410791007.

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Muhammad Reza Nugraha, Irwan Syah, Siti Annisa Nindia Larasati, and Didik Aribowo. "Perencanaan Sistem Optical Transport Network (OTN) Pada Sistem Transmisi DWDM." Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Informatika dan Komunikasi 3, no. 2 (June 19, 2023): 96–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/juitik.v3i2.491.

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In the era of rapid development of information and communication technology, modern society requires reliable and sophisticated means of communication. The required means of communication must be aimed at meeting current service needs, but also oriented towards meeting current and future service needs. To meet this need, a reliable network is needed, with a large bandwidth capacity with easy capacity additions, better performance, high levels of availability, and good flexibility. Fiber Optic Network is a network that is trusted to be able to handle this problem. Developments in this network were preceded by two types of transmission systems used, namely Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH) and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH), and currently developing Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) and Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM) technologies.

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Paxal, V., P. Jourdain, and G. Karam. "Error-Correction Coding for High-Speed Optical Transmission Systems Based on the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy." European Transactions on Telecommunications 4, no. 6 (November 1993): 623–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ett.4460040611.

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zhang, Geng, Yang Wang, Huixia Ding, and Yidan Ren. "Design and Implementation of Power Communication System SDH Network Simulation Tool Based on EXATA." MATEC Web of Conferences 173 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817301003.

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The power communication system based on synchronous digital hierarchy(SDH) optical, transmission technology is an important component to ensure the safety and stability of power network. After, years of development, the network has been gradually mature, but it still has many problems, such as the weak, structure of the communication network, insufficient network transmission capacity, weak network access and network management. Therefore, it is necessary to do the research and take simulation for the power communication system based on SDH optical transmission technology. The paper builds up the simulation, platform of SDH network in power communication system based on the EXATA simulation tools. For SDH, device, we implemented functions including multiplexing, demultiplexing and digital cross-connection. And, the simulation analysis provides a great theoretical support for constructing equipment models and network, topology.

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Batenkov, Kirill. "ANALYSING DIGITAL CHANNEL AND PATH ERROR PARAMETERS USING PLESIOCHRONOUS AND SYNCHRONOUS DIGITAL HIERARCHIES." Automation and modeling in design and management 2023, no. 4 (December 27, 2023): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/2658-6436-2023-4-28-36.

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The aim of the work is to summarize the main features of normalizing the of digital channel and path error parameters for modern telecommunications network equipment. The research methods are comparative analysis combined with the analysis of domestic standards and foreign recommendations regarding the standardization of digital channel and path error parameters. The main calculated relationship for the digital channel and path error characteristics are presented, namely long-term standards for the coefficient of seconds with errors, the coefficient of seconds with significant errors and the coefficient of blocks with background errors. Examples show the procedure for their calcu-lation and analysis. The paper specifies that the number of units to be monitored per second should be increased with the transmission rate to keep a unit size constant. The error rates of synchronous digital paths are emphasized to re-main zero for long periods of time even at Gbit/s rates, and a significant factor of error seconds corresponds to poor quality paths, so monitoring the error seconds must be performed for maintenance purposes. The findings are that long-term standards for error parameters of digital channels and paths don’t only take into account the type of digi-tal hierarchy and rate modes, but also the composition of the hypothetical reference path and its length.

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HEALY, EILEEN M. "SONET: SYNCHRONOUS OPTICAL NETWORK STANDARDS." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 01, no. 02 (June 1990): 169–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156490000095.

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Fundamental worldwide standards for high speed telecommunications networks were approved in 1988. In the United States these standards are referred to by the acronym SONET, meaning Synchronous Optical Network. Since 1988, SONET has become a common term in the telecommunications lexicon. It defines a digital signal hierarchy beginning at 51.840 Mb/s for networking a wide variety of voice, video, and data services. Deployment of technology based on these standards will provide a platform for enhancing existing networks and delivering sophisticated new services. This paper describes the basic attributes and capabilities of SONET.

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Weng, Shao Lin. "Research on Performance Analysis of Digital Baseband Signal Transmission." Applied Mechanics and Materials 437 (October 2013): 829–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.437.829.

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Nowadays, in order to improve the quality of signal transmission and reduce the signal attenuation and noise interference, the transmission digital baseband signal modulation become mainstream in today's signal transmission. For the digital baseband signal transmission performance of research helps us to understand the process of digital signal transmission. Firstly, using shift registers to produce m sequence, used to simulate the data signal and the pseudo random noise signal. Then, to design a low pass filter, used to simulate the channel. Data signal transmission in the channel was carried with additive random noise interference, we can measure signal interference by observing eye pattern at the receiving terminal. If to Manchester encoding of data signal, the receiver decoding output data signal can be extracted using the synchronous clock circuit to get the clock signal to synchronize, and display the eye pattern, which is used to evaluate the performance of the transmission system. And we put forward the optimization scheme of the digital baseband signal transmission performance through the research.

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SANTIAGO, A., J. P. CÁRDENAS, M. L. MOURONTE, V. FELIU, and R. M. BENITO. "MODELING THE TOPOLOGY OF SDH NETWORKS." International Journal of Modern Physics C 19, no. 12 (December 2008): 1809–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183108013369.

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SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) is the standard technology for the information transmission in broadband optical networks. Unlike the Internet, SDH networks are strictly planned; rings, meshes, stars, or tree-branches topologies are designed to connect their basic elements. In spite of that, we have found that the SDH network operated by Telefónica in Spain shares remarkable topological properties with other real complex networks empirically analyzed, such as the worldwide web network. In particular, we have found power-law scaling in the degree distribution (P(k) ~ k-γ) and properties of small world networks. Considering real planning directives that take into account geographical and technological variables, we propose an ad hoc computational model that reproduces the aforementioned topological traits observed in the Spanish SDH network.

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Simanjuntak, Jamser, Sindak Hutauruk, and Johandi Sipayung. "Analisis Continuity of Service (CoS) Jaringan Trunk Serat Optik Berbasis Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (Studi Kasus PT Telkom Indonesia Medan)." Jurnal ELPOTECS 5, no. 1 (March 22, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.51622/elpotecs.v5i1.1110.

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Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) is a multiplexing on a trunk network or optical telecommunications backbone. The old multiplexing system is Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH) working with a maximum clock pulse at each switching node, while SDH uses a pointer to mark the start of the payload. The pointer value affects the voltage phase at the network endpoint. Another advantage of SDH is its self-healing nature and good multiplexing management. In this study, an analysis of CoS (Continuity of Service) on the trunk that connects Arnet Medan Centrum (MDNC) with Pulo Brayan (PBR) of PT Telkom Indonesia was carried out. CoS analysis is based on the number of disturbances that occur in the trunk connecting the two central. Based on the data and analysis results, it is found that the CoS of the trunk or backbone network from the two locations is 99.995054% for Medan Centrum (MDNC) and 99.999401% for Pulo Brayan (PBR), this value is an indication that the trunk network is in a good performance condition.

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Volodin, A. D., A. L. Efimenko, A. V. Gorlin, and D. A. Kuzmin. "Signal Synchronization, Collection and Transmission for Multichannel Distribution Seismic Antenna." Journal of the Russian Universities. Radioelectronics, no. 1 (April 17, 2018): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/1993-8985-2018-21-1-25-31.

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Creation of seismic antennas involves production of a system capable to provide synchronous analog-to- digital data signal conversion of all channels and to broadcast digitized signals to the central computing complex (CCC). The article considers a structure of data transmission system from a big number of sources for application in seismic antennas. Moreover, it provides possible ways of preprocessing equipment (PE) unit arrangement in separate hermetic blocks to facilitate their replacement. Besides, the options for PE unit structural and functional schemes are offered. Application of specific chips is explained. The review of the most widespread types of digital convertors is given and the optimal one is chosen for application in hydro acoustic complexes. The option of synchronization with the use of phase-locked loop PLL units is offered. Configuration of data transmission system with the use of Ethernet switchboard setting optimal data transmission protocol is considered.

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CÁRDENAS, J. P., M. L. MOURONTE, A. SANTIAGO, V. FELIU, and R. M. BENITO. "TOPOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF COMPLEX OPTICAL TRANSPORT NETWORKS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 20, no. 03 (March 2010): 787–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127410026071.

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SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) is the standard technology for information transmission in broadband optical networks. Unlike the Internet, SDH networks are strictly planned — rings, meshes, stars or tree-branches topologies are designed to connect their basic elements. In this work we show that the SDH network operated by Telefónica in Spain presents a power-law scaling in the degree distribution (P(k) ~ k-γ) both at the national and provincial levels. The empirically obtained scaling exponents γ are consistent with those observed in other heterogeneous complex networks. The Spanish SDH network also displays small world properties with a high clustering and short path length similar to the Internet routers network. The province subnetworks experience similar traits with regards to such properties. Considering factors such as network design policies, user demand, geographical location and types of equipment, we propose an ad hoc computational model in order to reproduce these topological properties.

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Blagodatsky, G. A., I. S. Baturin, and R. I. Mukhamedzhanov. "AHP Based Consistency of Pairwise Comparison Matricesgeneralized Jpinion Assessment and Conclusion on the Example of Cognitive Radio System." Intellekt. Sist. Proizv. 22, no. 1 (March 30, 2024): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22213/2410-9304-2024-1-34-40.

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This study focuses on analyzing the of pairwise comparison matrices consistency in cognitive radio systems under various data transmission modes. The introduction considers the AHP procedure (T. Saaty) and its relation to the decision matrix method (G. Pospelov). To describe an object (cognitive radio system) its operational modes are given (information transmission) (analogous and digital speech and the data). The procedure of expert opinion assessment on the basis of experience (according to E. Zhivitskaya) along with expert competency assessment of the group. The procedure of pairwise comparison matrices determination and making a generalized conclusion of expert opinion on its basis was given. The result offeedback deviation assessment from the ideal one within hierarchical nodes of cognitive radio system operation modes. It was revealed that matrix nodes “Computational Load”, “Computational Resource Consumption Minimization”, “Interferences”, “Natural and Geographic Factors”, “Optimal Information Transmission”, “Power Reduction”, “Speed Increase”are consistent into “Mode 1” of digital information transmission. Pairwise comparison matrices in hierarchical nodes “Power Minimization” into “Mode 4”, speech “Mode 2” and “Mode 3, “Re-Mode 4” and analogous information transmission “Mode 6”, “Data Transmission Maximization” when assessing controlling parameter importance for digital data transmission mode“Mode 3” has the lowest consistency. Weak consistency of parameter assessment for the mode emphasizes the need of extra analysis and special expert attention for the given hierarchy structure.

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Blagodatsky, G. A., M. M. Gorokhov, D. E. Dokuchaev, and E. V. Karachev. "Mode Control Model Based on Decision Matrix." Intellekt. Sist. Proizv. 20, no. 4 (December 26, 2022): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22213/2410-9304-2022-4-48-55.

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The article presents the application results of cognitive radio system model for mode control. The main approach to control model is the strategy of maximum result achievement for each scenario of system application (lack of time, limitations on computing power, energy savings). The system hierarchical decomposition and its analysis by the Saaty pair comparison method were chosen as methods control model implmentation, followed by the resource consumption matrices based on the results of optimizing the parameters of the system functioning in various application scenarios. A hierarchical multilevel structure of system elements, consisting of four levels, is considered, and a function of signal transmission efficiency via a given hierarchy of system elements is introduced. Algorithm system control based on the efficiency function according to the decision matrix for four scenarios of system application is given: the full amount of necessary resources, half of the energy resource is available, the energy resource is almost exhausted, the lack of time situation. The paper considers four modes of digital data transmission, and three modes of voice message digital transmission and six analog modes of message transmission in a cognitive radio system. Evauation of signal transmission maximum efficiency for each of the considered modes is given in accordance with the proposed hierarchy of system elements. The analysis of the results of cognitive radio system operation according to the proposed control model is carried out. The paper shows that in digital modes, when controlled according to the proposed model, the decrease in efficiency occurs much more slowly than when using analog modes, in addition, in digital modes, the resource consumption rate is significantly reduced, while in analog modes it increases sharply to maintain maximum efficiency.

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Yang, Hong, Xuemei Li, Yifan Wang, and Bo Xu. "Design and Implementation of Dual-channel 100MSPS Data Acquisition Module." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2196, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2196/1/012027.

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Abstract Aiming at the problems of single channel acquisition mode of traditional oscilloscope recorder, insufficient acquisition flexibility, low acquisition frequency, transmission delay, etc., this paper proposes a design method of dual-channel signal acquisition module based on FPGA hardware platform. This design uses a high-sampling-rate ADC chip AD9268 as a dual-channel acquisition port to achieve 100MSPS sampling frequency acquisition, while simultaneously transmitting the converted digital signal through the SerDes serial port. In the FPGA implementation process, a channel conditioning module is added to adjust the gain and offset of the input data. The test results show that the system can realize synchronous sampling, processing, and transmission of the input analog signal, and the acquisition process is stable, and the collected signal has a high degree of restoration and no distortion.

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Wang, Wen Bin, Dao Yuan Liu, and Yu Qin Yao. "Research on Frame Synchronization of OFDM System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 3794–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.3794.

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Synchronization is very important for any digital transmission technology. It can almost be said the core of any control system, so the synchronization algorithm is precisely the premise to transmit data correctly. This point is especially important for OFDM system. Synchronous error is the biggest shortcoming of OFDM system, the performance of the receiver is closely related to if we can get the accurate synchronization signal.

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Kuznetsov, Yury V., Andrey B. Baev, Maxim A. Konovalyuk, and Anastasia A. Gorbunova. "Cyclostationary Crosstalk Cancelation in High-Speed Transmission Lines." Applied Sciences 11, no. 17 (August 29, 2021): 7988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11177988.

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The theoretical and experimental evaluation of the cyclostationary random data transferring process corrupted by the individually and jointly cyclostationary crosstalk interference is presented. The interference and the message signals were measured by the real time digital oscilloscope. Autocorrelation functions were evaluated by synchronous cyclic averaging procedure. The analyzed periodic two-dimensional impulse response of the time-varying filter allows to obtain the output random process with the same cyclic frequency at the output of the filter by separation of orthogonal stationary waveforms constituting the input cyclostationary random process (CSRP). The filtering of the measured random process was implemented by the cyclic Wiener filter. The evaluation of the two-dimensional autocorrelation function and eye diagrams at the output of the cyclic Wiener filter showed significant reduction of the independent interference components in the estimated message signal.

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Melián-Batista, Belén, Holger H ¨oller, and Stefan Voß. "Designing WDM networks by a variable neighborhood search." Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, no. 4 (December 30, 2006): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26636/jtit.2006.4.399.

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With the ever-rising data volume that is demanded by the market, network planning in order to minimize the necessary investment while meeting the demands is constantly an important task for the network providers. Synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) and wavelength division multiplex (WDM) form the core of many current backbone networks. In order to solve the provisioning and routing problem in such WDM networks, we develop a variable neighborhood search (VNS) metaheuristic. VNS is a metaheuristic that combines series of random and improving local searches based on systematically changed neighborhoods. An integer flow formulation is modeled in AMPL and solved by CPLEX in order to obtain optimal solutions as a reference for the heuristic.

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Tao, Aihua, Yue Xu, Wang Liu, Zhijian Zhou, Qing Lyu, and Liyan Qiao. "Development of an Eight-channel Full-bridge Strain Signal Synchronous Collector." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2428, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2428/1/012020.

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Abstract Wind tunnel test is widely used in automotive, aerospace, and other fields. The overall effect of the test depends on the accuracy of the data collected by the acquisition system. To collect the balanced strain signal with high precision, an eight-channel full-bridge strain signal synchronization collector is developed in this paper. The article gives the hardware and software design of the collector, respectively. The hardware adopts a modular design with STM32H743 MCU and MAX10 series FPGA, which implements the signal condition, the Butterworth low pass filter, the analog to digital conversion, and the wireless data transmission with WIFI. In terms of software design, the article not only gives the firmware of MCU and FPGA but also designs the software of the host computer with LabVIEW. Finally, the data are tested and analyzed according to the requirements of technical indexes.

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Semenog, Andrii. "DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITAL ECONOMY FORMATION." Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, "Economics" Series 1, no. 19(47) (December 17, 2020): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2020-19(47)-20-28.

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The article substantiates that the successful development of the digital economy is closely linked to progress in several “frontier technologies”, among which the most important are such software-oriented technologies as Blockchain, the Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data Analytics, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cloud Computing, Artificial Intelligence (AI). It is determined that together these technologies provide new opportunities for better analysis, processing and use of digital information, which gives new opportunities for companies to improve their efficiency by offering new, more personalized products and services. In general, the article analyzes the leading technologies used in the formation of the digital economy, identifies their essence, types, and methods of practical application. The properties, potential advantages, and risks of blockchain technology are studied. The article gives examples of companies that use blockchain. They represent such areas as finance, data management, energy, government, transport, health. The main components of the Internet of Things are identified. These include means of identification, means of measurement, means of data transmission, means of data processing, performing devices. The hierarchy of the Internet of Things is also given. It consists of personal wearable devices, smart homes, and smart industry (industrial internet). The phases of the “industrial Internet” development are presented. The essence and constituent characteristics of Big Data are determined. Among them: volume, velocity, variety, value, veracity, variability, visualization. It is determined that the key sources of Big Data are information from the Internet; readings of various devices; corporate information. The competitive advantages of companies that use Big Data are given. Also, the advantages and models of using cloud technologies are described. The essence and components of artificial intelligence are determined. An example of its application in the economic activity of companies is presented.

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Jia, De Li, Chang Jiang Zhao, Shu Jin Zhang, Ming Xin Zhao, and De Kui Xu. "Research and Application of Synchronous Dynamic Test and Adjustment Technology for Novel Water Injection Well." Applied Mechanics and Materials 44-47 (December 2010): 1476–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.44-47.1476.

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To solve the problem that the conventional layered water injection technology has too long test and adjustment period and strong interference among layers at the ultra-high water cut stage, a novel digital synchronous dynamic test and adjustment technology is proposed and developed in this paper. Many advanced technologies, including digital multi-information test and adjustment, bidirectional transmission of remote wireless signals and non-contact electric energy transformation, are adopted to combine multi-information test and flow control to be a whole thrown into the well. This technology can automatically monitor each water injection layer and adjust water flow in user-defined period without any intervention; it can synchronously and dynamically adjust flow of each layer; and it also can monitor and adjust flow data by the redisplay of computer. The experimental results show that this technology not only reduces the field workload and improves water injection effect, but also provides the basis of data analysis for implementation and adjustment of meticulous oil development plan.

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Chen, Yinfang, Rong Wang, Tao Fang, Tao Pu, Peng Xiang, Huatao Zhu, and Jilin Zheng. "Stealth transmission of temporal phase en/decoded polarization-modulated-code-shift-keying optical-code-division multiple-access signal over synchronous digital hierarchy network with asynchronous detection." Optical Engineering 53, no. 6 (June 13, 2014): 066103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.53.6.066103.

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Dai, Haitao, Corey Kegerreis, Deepal Wehella Gamage, Jonathan Egan, Max Nielsen, Yuan Chen, David Tuckerman, et al. "Isochronous data link across a superconducting Nb flex cable with 5 femtojoules per bit ^*." Superconductor Science and Technology 35, no. 4 (March 4, 2022): 045014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/ac5786.

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Abstract Interconnect properties position superconducting digital circuits to build large, high performance, power efficient digital systems. We report a board-to-board communication data link, which is a critical technological component that has not yet been addressed. Synchronous communication on chip and between chips mounted on a common board is enabled by the superconducting resonant clock/power network for Reciprocal Quantum Logic circuits. The data link is extended to board-to-board communication using isochronous communication, where there is a common frequency between boards but the relative phase is unknown. Our link uses over-sampling and configurable delay at the receiver to synchronize to the local clock phase. A single-bit isochronous data link has been demonstrated on-chip through a transmission line, and on a multi-chip module through a superconducting tape between driver and receiver with variable phase offset. Measured results demonstrated correct functionality with a clock margin of 3 dB at 3.6 GHz, and with 5 fJ bit−1 at 4.2 K.

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Zlatar, Slađan, Vlatko Lipovac, Adriana Lipovac, and Mirza Hamza. "Practical Consistency of Ethernet-Based QoS with Performance Prediction of Heterogeneous Microwave Radio Relay Transport Network." Electronics 10, no. 8 (April 12, 2021): 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10080913.

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Microwave line-of-sight radio relay (RR) systems are a constitutive part of a telecom operator transport network, as an alternative to optical transmission systems when the latter are not technically possible or rational to implement. Nowadays, RR links are quite often used in the access network for connecting mobile radio base stations, thus also enabling traffic aggregation, and so on. In this paper, we focus on a practical, real-life, five-section heterogeneous RR network, comprising classic synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) and SDH new generation network (NGN) architecture, hybrid parallel and mutually independent transmission of native Ethernet and TDM services, and all-IP network parts. Specifically, the main task of this work is to answer whether such a diverse RR system could satisfy the quality norms for Ethernet-based services, meaning whether a tolerable RR unavailability will necessarily imply the according Ethernet quality of service (QoS) degradation. This question is addressed by the comprehensive in-service and out-of-service testing of an operational hybrid RR transmission system. After extensive practical testing and appropriate analysis of the achieved results, it came out that the impact of RR-level impairments that determine the performance prediction affected the Ethernet QoS to the extent that BER values increased to the acceptability threshold values. We believe that the preliminary results reported here could serve as a hint and a framework for a more comprehensive cross-layer test strategy in terms of both test diversity and repeating rate, which contemporary network operators need to implement in order to enable the appropriate quality of experience for users of their services.

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Samkov, O. V., V. V. Koval, V. P. Lysenko, V. V. Chopyk, O. L. Osinskyi, and B. O. Samkov. "DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL MEANS OF MULTI-CHANNEL MONITORING OF TIME SYNCHRONI-ZATION DEVICES OF POWER SMART GRID SYSTEMS." Praci Institutu elektrodinamiki Nacionalanoi akademii nauk Ukraini 2023, no. 65 (August 28, 2023): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/publishing2023.65.028.

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The work presents the development results of the means of a computer-integrated system of multi-channel monitoring of time synchronization devices, which is designed to increase the reliability of digital data of synchronous vector meas-urements of the power SMART Grid systems. The design documentation was developed, and a prototype of the multi-channel monitoring device was manufactured. A segment of the information digital system for transmitting monitoring data was created using the corporate IP network of the IED of the NAS of Ukraine, Cisco-certified equipment, and multi-channel monitoring devices mounted on a laboratory stand. Experimental studies and testing of the manufactured experimental model of the multi-channel monitoring device on the operating IP network were carried out. It was estab-lished that the obtained characteristics of the researched digital means of multi-channel monitoring and the information system of data transmission meet the requirements of the technical assignment. The organizational structure of the multi-channel monitoring system of time synchronization devices is presented, and recommendations for its use in electric power enterprises are developed. Ref. 10, fig. 2.

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Huang, Yourui, Biao Yuan, Shanyong Xu, and Tao Han. "Fault Diagnosis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor of Coal Mine Belt Conveyor Based on Digital Twin and ISSA-RF." Processes 10, no. 9 (August 24, 2022): 1679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10091679.

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Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) have been gradually used as the driving equipment of coal mine belt conveyors. To ensure safety and stability, it is necessary to carry out real-time and accurate fault diagnosis of PMSM. Therefore, a fault diagnosis method for PMSM based on digital twin and ISSA-RF (Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm Optimized Random Forest) is proposed. Firstly, the multi-strategy hybrid ISSA is used to solve the problems of uneven population distribution, insufficient population diversity, low convergence speed, etc. In addition, the fault diagnosis model of ISSA-RF permanent magnet synchronous motor is constructed based on the optimization of the number of Random Forest decision trees and that of features of each node by ISSA. Secondly, considering the operation mechanism and physical properties of PMSM, the relevant digital twin model is constructed and the real-time mapping of physical entity and virtual model is realized through data interactive transmission. Finally, the simulation and experimental results show that the fault diagnosis accuracy of ISSA-RF, 98.2%, is higher than those of Random Forest (RF), Sparrow Search Algorithm Optimized Random Forest (SSA-RF), BP neural network (BP) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), which verifies the feasibility and ability of the proposed method to realize fault diagnosis and 3D visual monitoring of PMSM together with the digital twin model.

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Zheng, Zi Wei. "Frame Synchronization for the DTMB Systems with the Multiple-Antenna Receivers." Advanced Engineering Forum 6-7 (September 2012): 434–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.6-7.434.

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Faced with the challenges of modern communication, high data throughput requirements, extensive research has been paid to broadband modulation. The multi-carrier modulation is one of the most important wide band modulation techniques. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is an effective blow to the broadcast channel multipath fading and high bit rate transmission multi-carrier modulation technology of wireless channels, it is widely used in modern digital television terrestrial broadcasting (DTTB) system to support performance bandwidth-efficient multimedia services with the aid of inverse fast Fourier transform and fast Fourier transform operation. Multiple-antenna transmitter and receiver technology allows several times to achieve data transmission rates and spectrum efficiency and the use of multiple transmit antennas and multiple receive antennas through spatial processing. The Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcasting (DTMB) system with the multiple-antenna receiver is considered in this paper. Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcasting (DTMB) has three kinds of Frame Head mode with PN420/PN595/PN945 as training sequences for the time domain synchronous OFDM (TDS-OFDM). At the receiver side with multiple antennas, Frame Head mode detection should be done. In this paper, the frame synchronization scheme is proposed for the DTMB systems with the multiple-antenna receiver. System performance studies under different channel situations are used to verify the efficiency of the proposed scheme for the DTMB systems with the multiple-antenna receiver.

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Sulzhenko, Valentina Viktorovna, and Oleg Nickolaevich Pishchin. "Improving radar complex 5N87M1 based on wireless technology." Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University 2022, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/1812-9498-2022-2-20-23.

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The article considers a method of upgrading the interface system of the 5N87M1 radar complex with a command post and automated control systems by organizing the transmission of radar information via a wireless radio channel. There is proposed a method of improving the interface system of the 5N87M1 radar complex with a command post and means of automated control systems by replacing the UPS-VTC signal conversion device with the MOST radio modem. It is stated that the UPS-VCH signal conversion device (modem), which is part of the 5N87M1 radar complex, is used to transmit digital data signals over non-switched voice frequency channels, which provides data exchange with the terminated equipment at transmission rates of 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 7200, 9600 bps in synchronous and asynchronous modes. Conclusions are drawn about the need for further research in the field of wireless technologies in order to create modern prototypes of military equipment.

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., Kajal, and Rizwan Khan. "Review on Network Security and Cryptography." International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 8, no. 6 (June 29, 2018): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijarcsse.v8i6.712.

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In these days communication technology is very advanced. Digital communication has become very important to secure transmission of information between the sender and the receiver. Security for exchange is a very important feature because it protects information from interloper. In this paper we present a hierarchy of network security technologies such as privacy, authentication, non-rejection and honesty control. There are two popular security mechanisms, namely cryptography and steganography. Both are well known and widely used techniques. Cryptography is used to send data in an encrypted form using the encryption key. Encrypted data is transmitted through unsafe public media. Decryption algorithms are also used to decrypt messages when using decryption keys. Steganography is used to hide data in other cover media.

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Agustoni, Marco, and Guglielmo Frigo. "Characterization of Sampled Value Streams in Non Real-Time Calibration Systems." Energies 15, no. 9 (April 28, 2022): 3245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15093245.

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The digital transformation of electrical substations relies on the communication protocols introduced in the IEC Std 61850. In particular, the Sampled Value data format is expected to be employed in an ever-increasing number of measurement applications and devices. In this context, National Metrological Institutes are required to develop calibration infrastructures capable of dealing with synchronous analog and digital input and output channels. In this paper, we characterize the performance of the METAS calibrator in terms of transmission latency and publishing rate stability. In particular, we discuss the feasibility of meeting the stringent requirements of meterological applications even in a non real-time operating system. To this end, an enhanced software library and measurement procedure are introduced. The proposed results confirm the quasi-deterministic behavior of the calibrator and proves its refined precision and stability with respect to commercial devices.

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Alaghband, Mariah. "Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in selection of suitable platform to present communication services to subscribers." Journal of Management and Accounting Studies 8, no. 4 (September 29, 2020): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jmas.vol8iss4pp61-70.

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Before emerging internet and data network, remote communication had a clear meaning: Telephone (telegraph before it) was the only technology that allowed people to communicate by voice from remote distance. After 1960, fax and data were presented in Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). Recently, remote communications have been developed and they include data transmission, video conference, email, instant messages, web browsing and potential for transmission of multimedia content. Today, consumers think about two categories of products and services relating to communications. Tendency of consumers to purchase communicative applications or equipment has growingly become pervasive as products and services and the used technology for remote communications has changed to great extent during 50 years ago. Using semiconductors and digital electronic devices in telecommunication industry could replace analog sound with images and video. Then, switching circuit was completed and it should be more unlikely substituted with packet switching. All these changes indicate a new definition of remote communication: The communication is a group of technology, devices, equipment, installations, networks and software programs that support telecommunication. It has been tried in this paper to identify important parameters and criteria in communication field by utilization from Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique to interpret suitable platform for presentation of communicative services for subscribers and by recognition and dividing platforms in which there is potential for giving services to the subscribers.

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KEMAYKIN, V. K., V. M. LANCHEV, and A. A. SMELOVSKAYA. "SELECTION OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE AUTOMATED BACKUP SYSTEM USED IN THE SYNCHRONOUS DIGITAL HIERARCHY TECHNOLOGY IN THE DESIGN OF THE DATA EXCHANGE NETWORK." Bulletin of the Tver State Technical University Series «Engineering», no. 3 (2021): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.46573/2658-5030-2021-103-109.

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Torres Nova, Juan Mario, and Hernán Paz Penagos. "Studying and comparing spectrum efficiency and error probability in GMSK and DBPSK modulation schemes." Ingeniería e Investigación 28, no. 3 (September 1, 2008): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v28n3.15123.

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Gaussian minimum shift keying (GMSK) and differential binary phase shift keying (DBPSK) are two digital modulation schemes which are -frequently used in radio communication systems; however, there is interdependence in the use of its benefits (spectral efficiency, low bit error rate, low inter symbol interference, etc). Optimising one parameter creates problems for another; for example, the GMSK scheme succeeds in reducing bandwidth when introducing a Gaussian filter into an MSK (minimum shift ke-ying) modulator in exchange for increasing inter-symbol interference in the system. The DBPSK scheme leads to lower error pro-bability, occupying more bandwidth; it likewise facilitates synchronous data transmission due to the receiver’s bit delay when re-covering a signal.

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Chao, Luo. "Asynchronous error-correcting secure communication scheme based on fractional-order shifting chaotic system." International Journal of Modern Physics C 26, no. 06 (March 25, 2015): 1550065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183115500655.

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In this paper, a novel digital secure communication scheme is firstly proposed. Different from the usual secure communication schemes based on chaotic synchronization, the proposed scheme employs asynchronous communication which avoids the weakness of synchronous systems and is susceptible to environmental interference. Moreover, as to the transmission errors and data loss in the process of communication, the proposed scheme has the ability to be error-checking and error-correcting in real time. In order to guarantee security, the fractional-order complex chaotic system with the shifting of order is utilized to modulate the transmitted signal, which has high nonlinearity and complexity in both frequency and time domains. The corresponding numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the scheme.

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Meng, Chaoyong, Chuanpei Xu, and Jiafeng Liao. "Research on Clock Synchronization of Data Acquisition Based on NoC." Applied Sciences 14, no. 11 (June 3, 2024): 4838. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14114838.

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Data acquisition based on network-on-chip (NoC) technology is a high-sampling-rate data acquisition scheme using low-sampling-rate analog–digital conversion (ADC) chips. It has the characteristics of multi-task parallel communication, being global asynchronous, local synchronous clock distribution, high throughput, low transmission latency, and strong scalability. High-speed data acquisition is realized through the combination of an on-chip network and time-interleaved data acquisition technology. In the time-interleaved sampling technique, the precision of clock synchronization directly affects the precision of sampling. Based on the proposed NOC data acquisition scheme, an improved White Rabbit clock synchronization protocol is applied to high-speed data acquisition to achieve high-precision synchronization of multi-channel time-interleaved sampling clocks. Firstly, the offset of the master clock and slave clock is determined by the PTP protocol, and the offset is corrected to achieve rough synchronization between the master clock and slave clock. Secondly, a digital dual-mixer time difference (DDMTD) is used to measure the phases of the master and slave clocks. After that, the phase of the slave clock is corrected through the dynamic phase-shift function of the clock’s phase-locked loop (PLL). Finally, according to the simulation results in Modelsim, the average absolute error of a TI-ADC sampling clock can be less than 20 ps.

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Gong, Ming De, Bo Tian, Yue Ning, and Wei Wei Li. "Research on ROI Image Processing Technology of Teleoperation Construction Robot Based on Trinocular Stereo Vision." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 2581–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.2581.

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Digital image has a large quantity of image data and long time for transmitting. It affects the real-time of the teleoperation robot system. According to the basic principle of human eye identifying objects and image blurry processing, a new image processing method of simulating human eye range of interest (ROI) is proposed. The method uses the calibration algorithm of three-dimensional stereo target and the Gauss blurred principle. The non-ROI region is blurred to hierarchy for extracting the feature and measurement to finish the image processing tasks. The experimental results showed that the quality of the images was assured and the transmission time was shorted. The real-time of the teleoperation robot system was also guaranteed.

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Zhang, Qisheng, Wenhao Li, Feng Guo, Zhenzhong Yuan, Shuaiqing Qiao, and Qimao Zhang. "Development of a new distributed hybrid seismic and electrical data acquisition station based on system-on-a-programmable-chip technology." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 8, no. 2 (September 13, 2019): 241–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-8-241-2019.

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Abstract. In the past few decades, with the continuous advancement of technology, seismic and electrical instruments have developed rapidly. However, complex and harsh exploration environments led to higher requirements and severe challenges for traditional geophysical exploration methods and instruments. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to develop new high-precision exploration instruments and data acquisition systems. In this study, a new distributed seismic and electrical hybrid acquisition station is developed using system-on-a-programmable-chip (SoPC) technology. The acquisition station hardware includes an analog board and a main control board. The analog board uses a signal conditioning circuit and a 24-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADS1271) to achieve high-precision data acquisition, while the main control board uses a low-power SoPC to enable high-speed stable data transmission. We designed the data transmission protocol for the acquisition station and developed independently an improved low-voltage differential signaling data transmission technology. What's more, a method to enhance the precision of synchronous acquisition was studied in depth. These key technologies, which were developed for the acquisition station, were integrated into the SoPC of the main control board. Test results indicate that the synchronization precision of the acquisition station is better than 200 ns, and the maximum low-power data transmission speed is 16 Mbps along a 55 m cable. The developed acquisition station has the advantages of low noise, large dynamic range, low power consumption, etc., and it can achieve high-precision hybrid acquisition of seismic and electrical data.

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Huang, Jingyu, Ren Chen, Zhijing Xu, Zhanhu Wang, Mingjian Gu, Yaxuan Chen, Jun Sun, and Yinghui Lin. "Research on a Multi-Channel High-Speed Interferometric Signal Acquisition System." Electronics 13, no. 2 (January 16, 2024): 370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13020370.

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In order to capture the large-scale interferometric signal generated by the space-borne interferometric infrared Fourier spectrometer (IRIFS) in real time, and overcome the limitations of insufficient sampling rate, transmission rate, and significant signal noise in current equipment, a multi-channel high-speed acquisition system for large-scale interferometric signals is designed. A high-performance analog-to-digital converter (ADC) oversampling scheme is designed, which can realize up to 8 synchronous acquisition channels and has a maximum sampling rate of 125 Msps/Ch to ensure the acquisition of interferometric signals. The scheme of jesd204b inter-board transmission and optical fiber terminal transmission is designed. The inter-board transmission rate is 12.5 Gbps, and the terminal transmission rate is 10 GB/s to ensure high-speed data transmission. A hardware filter is designed to realize spatial noise processing of interference signals and ensure the accuracy of acquisition results. The dynamic performance of the data acquisition (DAQ) card is analyzed using discrete Fourier transform in the frequency domain. The spurious free dynamic range (SFDR) is 84 dB, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is 72.7 dB, and the cross-talk is −81.6 dB, which verifies the dynamic stability of the DAQ card. Finally, the infrared radiation in real space is measured. The average ΔNESR of long wave reaches 48 mW∗m−2∗sr−1, and the average ΔNESR of medium wave reaches 12.3 mW∗m−2∗sr−1, which verifies the reliability of the system performance. The system is of great significance for large-scale infrared interferometric signal acquisition, and has strong practical application value in multi-channel synchronization, real-time high-speed acquisition, and high-speed data transmission.

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Qiao, Shuaiqing, Hongmei Duan, Qisheng Zhang, Qimao Zhang, Shuhan Li, Shenghui Liu, Shiyang Liu, et al. "Development of high-precision distributed wireless microseismic acquisition stations." Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 7, no. 3 (September 27, 2018): 253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-7-253-2018.

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Abstract. In recent years, owing to the shortage of oil and gas resources and increasing difficulty in mining, traditional (wired) microseismic monitoring equipment has been unable to meet the needs of energy exploitation. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new high-precision seismic exploration and data acquisition systems. In this study, we combined advanced acquisition systems with wireless technology to develop a new wireless microseismic acquisition system. The hardware circuit of the acquisition system mainly includes a data acquisition board and a main control board. High-precision analog-to-digital conversion and digital filtering technologies are used to provide data with high signal-to-noise ratios, resolution, and fidelity to the acquisition stations. Key technologies were integrated into the ARM (Advanced RISC Machines) of the main control board: reliable GPS technology was employed to realize synchronous acquisitions among various acquisition stations, and WIFI technology was used to achieve wireless data communication between acquisition stations and the central station, thus improving the data transmission speed and accuracy. After conducting a series of evaluation tests, it was found that the system was stable, convenient to use, and had high data accuracy, therefore providing significant support for the solution to problems encountered in current oil and gas exploration processes, such as the complicated environment and inconvenient construction.

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Volkov, A. G., and D. A. Sagaiko. "A research into the operation of a system of electric energy accumulation as part of a cyber-physical real time simulation facility." Power and Autonomous equipment 2, no. 4 (January 24, 2020): 209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32464/2618-8716-2019-2-4-209-218.

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Introduction: the frequency and capacity control, as well as the maintenance of electric energy systems rely on the choice of the items of equipment that comprise a particular electric energy system. Generators are the core items of equipment comprising traditional electricity systems, while in off-grid electricity systems this function is assumed by the power-driven converter equipment coupled with energy accumulation systems. The main problem of these systems consists in a fast response generated by the power-driven converter equipment to the changing environment. Excessively fast responses, given by the controllers, make the whole off-grid electricity system unstable.Methods: the resolution of the problem of an unstable off-grid electricity system requires the use of algorithms for the control over inverters and frequency converters, designed according to the principle of a virtual synchronous machine that applies voltage and frequency droops. The model of an electricity system has been produced. It has six key elements: a basic balancing inverter, two generators, lithium-oil battery simulation, an interface converter and a real time digital simulator (RTDS). The model was used to perform an experiment to implement two-way data transmission from RTDS to converting facilities and to verify the performance capability of the algorithm and the electricity system as a whole.Results and discussion: as a result of this experiment, the contact was made between RTDS, Generator 1, Generator 2 and the basic balancing inverter through interface converters. This electricity system is resilient and failure-free.Conclusion: data communication was organized between the real time module of digital simulation and Generator 2. Control commands were delivered from the digital simulation module through interface converters, and their execution monitoring was used as a feedback. The operation of grid-forming and grid-filling converters of a self-contained electricity system was stand tested at the MIPT Centre for Engineering, and optimization algorithm performance results were obtained in respect of a battery used in the course of the application of virtual synchronous machines.

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Wahyono, Wahyono, Nur Fatowil Aulia, and Baktiyar Mei Hermawan. "Statistical Process Control And Analytical Hierarchy Process Methods For Reducing Earth Resistance." Eksergi 19, no. 2 (May 31, 2023): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32497/eksergi.v19i2.4477.

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<p class="Abstract">Security or protection systems at generators, substations, transmission, and housing and others, especially to overcome lightning disturbances and leakage currents, the earthing system must meet the required standards. For each part of the system, from transmission, substation and residential electricity utilization as well as other parts, the standard of earth resistance is not the same, for example for housing a maximum of 5 Ω, for a small generator system a maximum of 10 Ω, for a large generator a maximum of 20 Ω and so on etc. In areas where the soil type resistance is high, it is necessary to reduce the value of the earth resistance so that it reaches the Indonesian national standard. There are many ways to reduce the value of earth resistance, including lowering soil resistivity, adding electrodes to the soil, changing the type of electrode and its diameter, and so on. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of the value of earthing resistance on the depth of electrode planting and the type of soil that is affected by the water content in the soil and to apply simple statistical tools, namely Statistical Process Control (SPC) and Anlytical Hierarchy Process (AHP).</p><p class="Abstract">The measurement method in this research uses a three-point system, namely one point for the test electrode and two points for the auxiliary electrode and the measuring instrument used to measure earth resistance is a digital earth resistance tester type digital model 4105A. This tool is designed according to international electrical commission (IEC) standards. To analyze reducing earth resistance using Statistical Process Control (SPC) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) methods. The design of this research is to answer the problems and research objectives that have been planned, namely to determine the effect of soil type on earth resistance and to analyze efforts to reduce the value of earth resistance to achieve standards with statistical process control (SPC) and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) methods. To find potential causes, it is done by calculating the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) in order to obtain a sequence of problems to be solved. If the consistency ratio value is more than 10%, then the data judgment must be corrected, but if the consistency ratio is less than or equal to 10% then the calculation results are declared correct or accepted. From the results of the AHP calculation, it is then verified by testing the earth resistance.</p><script id="stacks-wallet-provider" type="text/javascript" src="chrome-extension://ldinpeekobnhjjdofggfgjlcehhmanlj/inpage.js"></script><script id="stacks-wallet-provider" type="text/javascript" src="chrome-extension://ldinpeekobnhjjdofggfgjlcehhmanlj/inpage.js"></script><script id="stacks-wallet-provider" type="text/javascript" src="chrome-extension://ldinpeekobnhjjdofggfgjlcehhmanlj/inpage.js"></script><script id="stacks-wallet-provider" type="text/javascript" src="chrome-extension://ldinpeekobnhjjdofggfgjlcehhmanlj/inpage.js"></script><script id="stacks-wallet-provider" type="text/javascript" src="chrome-extension://ldinpeekobnhjjdofggfgjlcehhmanlj/inpage.js"></script>

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El-Nahal, Fady. "Coherent 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (16QAM) Optical Communication Systems." Photonics Letters of Poland 10, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v10i2.809.

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Coherent optical fiber communications for data rates of 100Gbit/s and beyond have recently been studied extensively primarily because high sensitivity of coherent receivers could extend the transmission distance. Spectrally efficient modulation techniques such as M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) can be employed for coherent optical links. The integration of multi-level modulation formats based on coherent technologies with wavelength-division multiplexed (WDM) systems is key to meet the aggregate bandwidth demand. This paper reviews coherent 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM) systems to scale the network capacity and maximum reach of current optical communication systems to accommodate traffic growth. Full Text: PDF ReferencesK. Kikuchi, "Fundamentals of Coherent Optical Fiber Communications", J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 157-179, 2016. CrossRef S. Tsukamoto, D.-S. Ly-Gagnon, K. Katoh, and K. Kikuchi, "Coherent Demodulation of 40-Gbit/s Polarization-Multiplexed QPSK Signals with16-GHz Spacing after 200-km Transmission", Proc. OFc, Paper PDP29, (2005). DirectLink K. Kikuchi, "Coherent Optical Communication Technology", Proc. OFC, Paper Th4F.4, (2015). CrossRef J. M. Kahn and K.-P. Ho, "Spectral efficiency limits and modulation/detection techniques for DWDM systems", IEEE J. Sel. Topics Quantum Electron., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 259–272, (2004). CrossRef S. Tsukamoto, K. Katoh, and K. Kikuchi, "Coherent demodulation of optical multilevel phase-shift-keying signals using homodyne detection and digital signal processing", IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 18, no. 10, pp. 1131–1133, (2006). CrossRef Y. Mori, C. Zhang, K. Igarashi, K. Katoh, and K. Kikuchi, "Unrepeated 200-km transmission of 40-Gbit/s 16-QAM signals using digital coherent receiver", Opt. Exp., vol. 17, no. 32, pp. 1435–1441, (2009). CrossRef H. Nakashima, Et al., "Digital Nonlinear Compensation Technologies in Coherent Optical Communication Systems", Proc. OFC, Paper W1G.5, (2017). CrossRef S. J. Savory, "Digital filters for coherent optical receivers", Opt. Exp., vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 804–817, (2008). CrossRef D. S. Millar, T. Koike-Akino, S. Ö. Arık, K. Kojima, K. Parsons, T. Yoshida, and T. Sugihara, "High-dimensional modulation for coherent optical communications systems", Opt. Express, vol. 22, no. 7, pp 8798-8812, (2014). CrossRef R. Griffin and A. Carter, "Optical differential quadrature phase-shift key (oDQPSK) for high capacity optical transmission", Proc. OFC, Paper WX6, (2002). DirectLink K. Kikuchi, "Digital coherent optical communication systems: fundamentals and future prospects", IEICE Electron. Exp., vol. 8, no. 20, pp. 1642–1662, (2011). CrossRef F. Derr, "Optical QPSK transmission system with novel digital receiver concept", Electron Lett., vol. 27, no. 23, pp. 2177–2179, (1991). CrossRef R. No’e, "Phase noise tolerant synchronous QPSK receiver concept with digital I&Q baseband processing", Proc. OECC, Paper 16C2-5, (2004). DirectLink D.-S. Ly-Gagnon, S. Tsukamoto, K. Katoh, and K. Kikuchi, "Coherent detection of optical quadrature phase-shift keying signals with carrier phase estimation", J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 12–21, (2006). CrossRef M. Taylor, "Coherent detection method using DSP for demodulation of signal and subsequent equalization of propagation impairments", IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 674–676, (2004). CrossRef S. Tsukamoto, K. Katoh, and K. Kikuchi, "Unrepeated transmission of 20-Gb/s optical quadrature phase-shift-keying signal over 200-km standard single-mode fiber based on digital processing of homodyne-detected signal for Group-velocity dispersion compensation", IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 18, no. 9, pp. 1016–1018, (2006). CrossRef S. Tsukamoto, Y. Ishikawa, and K. Kikuchi, "Optical Homodyne Receiver Comprising Phase and Polarization Diversities with Digital Signal Processing", Proc. ECOC, Paper Mo4.2.1, (2006). CrossRef K. Kikuchi and S. Tsukamoto, "Evaluation of Sensitivity of the Digital Coherent Receiver", J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 20, no. 13, pp. 1817–1822, (2008). CrossRef S. Ishimura and K. Kikuchi, "Multi-dimensional Permutation Modulation Aiming at Both High Spectral Efficiency and High Power Efficiency", Proc. OFC/NFOEC, Paper M3A.2, (2014). CrossRef F. I. El-Nahal and A. H. M. Husein, "Radio over fiber access network architecture employing RSOA with downstream OQPSK and upstream re-modulated OOK data", (Optik) Int. J. Light Electron Opt., vol. 123, no. 14, pp: 1301-1303, (2012). CrossRef T. Koike-Akino, D. S. Millar, K. Kojima, and K. Parsons, "Eight-Dimensional Modulation for Coherent Optical Communications", Proc. ECOC, Paper Tu.3.C.3, (2013). DirectLink B. Sklar, Digital communications: Fundamentals and Applications, Prentice-Hall, (2001).

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Pakhomov, Yu, N. Shulga, and L. Piddubna. "ON THE QUESTION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES IN AUTOMATED GAS SUPPLY SYSTEMS." Municipal economy of cities 1, no. 161 (March 26, 2021): 267–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2021-1-161-267-273.

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The topical issues of development of automated control systems of gas control stations (GCS) and ways of reliable and economical functioning of the gas supply system in modern conditions have been considered in the article. The implementation of European innovative technologies, which are associated with using the modern equipment, telemetry tools to transmit the equipment operation parameters to the dispatcher control panel are the one of the ways to increase the safety and efficiency of GCS performance. The characteristic of the modern complex of telemetry, the raising of efficiency, reliability and safe operation of the gas supply systems due to the possibility of monitoring, technological control and management from the central dispatcher control room are given. The complex of telemetry helps to prevent emergency situations at facilities and to ensure control over unauthorized entry into the GCS premises by unauthorized persons. The article discusses the use of the automated system of operative-dispatching management (ASODM). It is a multi-level automated system that ensures the reliable functioning of the gas supply system at all levels of the hierarchy. It has been shown that the result of the creation of the ASODM are equipping of the control object with microprocessor control and management devices, the integration of various automation tools into a single information management system. It has been proven that the development of ASODM of GCS on the basis of local control and management modules using traditional approaches to creation of automation systems and using the cellular telephone communication as data transmission channels based on GSM-technologies are most rational. The digital control device, which is made on the technological platform of the programmable logic integrated circuit (PLIC), is the main element of the local control and management module. Digital control device (PLIC controller) is a relatively inexpensive and reliable equipment in an automated local GCS control system. The method of data transmission via GSM / GPRS wireless communication channel is considered. The use of GSM-modems and GPRS technology allows to remove restrictions on the distance of data transmission, as well as allows to fully automate the process of transmission and processing of information. The use of GSM / GPRS-technologies in the vehicles of the emergency dispatch service is also shown. The dispatcher can fully monitor the movement of the car with registration on the map of the city where the car is located.

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Daldal, Nihat, Majid Nour, and Kemal Polat. "The Methods toward Improving Communication Performance in Transparent Radio Frequency Signals." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (April 24, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7175864.

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In wireless digital communications, amplitude-shift keying (ASK) and frequency-shift keying (FSK) modules are often used and radio frequency (RF), communication synchronization, and noise problems affect the performance very much. In particular, the sending of byte-type data called synchronous and preamble before sending data in intermodule communication increases the sent data and decreases the speed. Also, the microcontroller at the output of the RF receiver module continuously listens to the RF noise and analyzes incoming data, but this increases the processing load of the microcontroller. Moreover, it reduces the speed of performing other operations. In this study, a transparent RF transmitter and receiver have been investigated, and methods for increasing the communication performance of the modules have been proposed and performed. Two of the proposed methods prevented the continuous listening of the microprocessor in the RF receiver structure so that the microprocessor can be used with other processes. In other methods, the compression of the data size was achieved because the transmission of a series of data in RF communication systems was limited to a certain extent. In the last section of the study, since the RF modules have failed to transmit the data due to corruption in the extended data dimensions, the bit carrier control security code has been created for the data series and more healthy communication has been performed.

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Dewi, Rd D. Lokita Pramesti, and Jamalullail Jamalullail. "Digital Branding Strategy in Food Trends to Grow Entrepreneur's Interest in Opening a Business (Study on Takoyaki & Okonomiyaki Kireidesu SME, East Jakarta)." Ilomata International Journal of Management 3, no. 4 (October 31, 2022): 459–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.52728/ijjm.v3i4.579.

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Culinary, with various types of food and various menus, is now rife in the midst of society, especially during the current pandemic. It is added with the implementation of The Community Activities Restrictions Enforcement (CARE) by the government to limit the physical interaction between people and groups in an effort to reduce the transmission of COVID-19. With this implementation, the activities of people going out of the house are decreasing. This is what fosters public interest in buying food online. Companies that run online applications currently provide many attractive promos to attract the attention of consumers using their services. Marketing strategies and brands that exist in food trends businesses are diverse, in the current pandemic, there are many creative ideas for entrepreneurs to work with online culinary application service companies whose aim is to make it easier for consumers to buy food online. People who use this marketing and branding strategy also find it helpful because they don't need to leave the house to buy food, by using an application on their gadget the food will be delivered by an online motorcycle taxi driver (Ojol). Still because of the pandemic, many workers got laid off so many of them switch to opening a business, and most of the business they do is to open a contemporary culinary business. From the many culinary businesses that have sprung up, it also indirectly fosters the interest of entrepreneurs to open culinary businesses. The research method in this study used a qualitative descriptive with reference to the theory of Hierarchy Effect Models using the AIDA model as a stage of assistance in marketing targets to consumers. The source of the research data above was taken by using primary data (interviews and documentation). While the purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the "Digital Branding" Strategy on food trends businesses in order to foster creativity and interest of Entrepreneurs in opening a culinary business or business opportunity, especially during the pandemic.

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Wu, Chia-Lun, Tsung-Tao Lu, Chin-Tan Lee, Jwo-Shiun Sun, Hsin-Piao Lin, Yuh-Shyan Hwang, and Wen-Tsai Sung. "Novel AMI in Zigbee Satellite Network Based on Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network for Global Machine-to-Machine Connectivity." Electronics 13, no. 8 (April 9, 2024): 1421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13081421.

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This study endeavored to enhance the efficiency and utility of microcomputer meters. In the past, their role was predominantly confined to remote meter reading, entailing high construction and communication transmission costs, coupled with subsequent maintenance and operational expenditures. These factors collectively impacted the enthusiasm of various stakeholders to invest in this realm. Hence, in alignment with the smart city development initiative, the natural gas industry has pioneered the establishment of an advanced metering infrastructure with heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (HWSNs) at its core. This visionary leap incorporates global machine-to-machine connectivity (G-M2MC) technology, interconnecting all facets of its operations, thereby positioning itself as a trailblazer within the industry. While advancing this endeavor, the project’s scheduling aligns with the enterprise’s sustainability goals in the early stages of digital transformation. This strategic allocation of resources is responsive to government policies and aspires to cultivate a digitally connected smart green energy hub, thereby expediting the transformation of the living environment. The objective is to provide a stable, secure, cost-effective, and reliable system that can be shared among peers. Furthermore, this study delved into the analysis of congestion avoidance in intelligent Zigbee satellite transport networks based on the HWSNs-GM2MC of non-synchronous satellite orbit system (NGSO) pivotal technologies, utilizing them to integrate the smart LNGas management system (SGMS). Concurrently, it developed application services through the smart meter application interface (SMAPI), distinct from conventional microcomputer meters. However, it is imperative to acknowledge that cloud computing, while processing sensitive data, grapples with issues of latency, privacy, efficiency, power consumption, and zero-trust security risk information management and ethical authority management capabilities in the defense of disaster relief responses.

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48

Vasyanin, Volodymyr O., Oleksandr M. Trofymchuk, and Liudmyla P. Ushakova. "Research of the optimization problem of structure hierarchical communication network with changing its parameters." Environmental safety and natural resources 49, no. 1 (March 29, 2024): 99–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2411-4049.2024.1.99-125.

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The article is devoted to the study of the problem of optimizing the hierarchical structure of a multicommodity communication network with discrete flows when changing its important parameters, such as the capacity of network arcs in transport blocks and the size of the transport block for transportation of the discrete small-lot cargo or of the data transmission in a digital communication network. The network has three levels of hierarchy – a backbone, a zonal and an internal and four types of nodes - backbone nodes of the first, second and third types, forming the backbone and zonal levels of the network, and nodes of the fourth type, which subordinate to each backbone node and forming the internal levels of the network. Types of nodes differ from each other in terms of functionality. The main task of the study is to establish how the structure of the backbone network changes (the number and location of backbone nodes of the first, second, and third types), the flow processing and distribution scheme, and the technical and economic indicators of the network's functioning for different values of its parameters. The principles of organization of sorting and distribution of flows in a three-level network and its mathematical model are given. A mathematical model of the optimization problem of the backbone network structure and flow sorting and distribution scheme is formulated. Algorithms for solving the problem are based on the discrete analogue of the local descent method proposed by the authors earlier, when the neighborhoods of the metric space of possible solutions are chosen based on heuristic considerations, taking into account the specifics of the problem being solved. Computer modeling of the problem on a network containing 10 nodes at the specified change in the both parameters is carried out. The modeling was carried out on the example of the transport network of cargo transportation using a computer program that is part of the instrumental software of the Information and Analytical Decision Support System (IA DSS), which is being developed at the Institute of Telecommunications and Global Information Space of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. An experimental study of solution the problem showed that the structure of the network is weakly dependent on the change in the carrying capacity of the arcs and the size of the transport block. The proposed computer technology for solving problem when the network parameters are changed allows you to interactively modeling various options of a network, changing the topology, hierarchical structure, flows, parameters and constraints of the model and from the set of the obtained solutions to choose a best option, taking into account the selected a goal function and the accepted constraints; calculate preliminary technical and economic indicators of the network's functioning, estimate the cost of additional resources and plan the amount of investment required for the modernization and construction of its structural elements, which ultimately makes it possible to increase the efficiency functioning of the network by optimizing use of its resources and reducing the operating costs for the processing and transportation of flows.

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Khelifi, Meriem, Mohand Yazid Saidi, and Saadi Boudjit. "Volume 2, Issue 3, Special issue on Recent Advances in Engineering Systems (Published Papers) Articles Transmit / Received Beamforming for Frequency Diverse Array with Symmetrical frequency offsets Shaddrack Yaw Nusenu Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 1-6 (2017); View Description Detailed Analysis of Amplitude and Slope Diffraction Coefficients for knife-edge structure in S-UTD-CH Model Eray Arik, Mehmet Baris Tabakcioglu Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 7-11 (2017); View Description Applications of Case Based Organizational Memory Supported by the PAbMM Architecture Martín, María de los Ángeles, Diván, Mario José Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 12-23 (2017); View Description Low Probability of Interception Beampattern Using Frequency Diverse Array Antenna Shaddrack Yaw Nusenu Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 24-29 (2017); View Description Zero Trust Cloud Networks using Transport Access Control and High Availability Optical Bypass Switching Casimer DeCusatis, Piradon Liengtiraphan, Anthony Sager Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 30-35 (2017); View Description A Derived Metrics as a Measurement to Support Efficient Requirements Analysis and Release Management Indranil Nath Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 36-40 (2017); View Description Feedback device of temperature sensation for a myoelectric prosthetic hand Yuki Ueda, Chiharu Ishii Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 41-40 (2017); View Description Deep venous thrombus characterization: ultrasonography, elastography and scattering operator Thibaud Berthomier, Ali Mansour, Luc Bressollette, Frédéric Le Roy, Dominique Mottier Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 48-59 (2017); View Description Improving customs’ border control by creating a reference database of cargo inspection X-ray images Selina Kolokytha, Alexander Flisch, Thomas Lüthi, Mathieu Plamondon, Adrian Schwaninger, Wicher Vasser, Diana Hardmeier, Marius Costin, Caroline Vienne, Frank Sukowski, Ulf Hassler, Irène Dorion, Najib Gadi, Serge Maitrejean, Abraham Marciano, Andrea Canonica, Eric Rochat, Ger Koomen, Micha Slegt Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 60-66 (2017); View Description Aviation Navigation with Use of Polarimetric Technologies Arsen Klochan, Ali Al-Ammouri, Viktor Romanenko, Vladimir Tronko Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 67-72 (2017); View Description Optimization of Multi-standard Transmitter Architecture Using Single-Double Conversion Technique Used for Rescue Operations Riadh Essaadali, Said Aliouane, Chokri Jebali and Ammar Kouki Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 73-81 (2017); View Description Singular Integral Equations in Electromagnetic Waves Reflection Modeling A. S. Ilinskiy, T. N. Galishnikova Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 82-87 (2017); View Description Methodology for Management of Information Security in Industrial Control Systems: A Proof of Concept aligned with Enterprise Objectives. Fabian Bustamante, Walter Fuertes, Paul Diaz, Theofilos Toulqueridis Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 88-99 (2017); View Description Dependence-Based Segmentation Approach for Detecting Morpheme Boundaries Ahmed Khorsi, Abeer Alsheddi Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 100-110 (2017); View Description Paper Improving Rule Based Stemmers to Solve Some Special Cases of Arabic Language Soufiane Farrah, Hanane El Manssouri, Ziyati Elhoussaine, Mohamed Ouzzif Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 111-115 (2017); View Description Medical imbalanced data classification Sara Belarouci, Mohammed Amine Chikh Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 116-124 (2017); View Description ADOxx Modelling Method Conceptualization Environment Nesat Efendioglu, Robert Woitsch, Wilfrid Utz, Damiano Falcioni Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 125-136 (2017); View Description GPSR+Predict: An Enhancement for GPSR to Make Smart Routing Decision by Anticipating Movement of Vehicles in VANETs Zineb Squalli Houssaini, Imane Zaimi, Mohammed Oumsis, Saïd El Alaoui Ouatik Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 137-146 (2017); View Description Optimal Synthesis of Universal Space Vector Digital Algorithm for Matrix Converters Adrian Popovici, Mircea Băbăiţă, Petru Papazian Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 147-152 (2017); View Description Control design for axial flux permanent magnet synchronous motor which operates above the nominal speed Xuan Minh Tran, Nhu Hien Nguyen, Quoc Tuan Duong Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 153-159 (2017); View Description A synchronizing second order sliding mode control applied to decentralized time delayed multi−agent robotic systems: Stability Proof Marwa Fathallah, Fatma Abdelhedi, Nabil Derbel Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 160-170 (2017); View Description Fault Diagnosis and Tolerant Control Using Observer Banks Applied to Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor Martin F. Pico, Eduardo J. Adam Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 171-181 (2017); View Description Development and Validation of a Heat Pump System Model Using Artificial Neural Network Nabil Nassif, Jordan Gooden Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 182-185 (2017); View Description Assessment of the usefulness and appeal of stigma-stop by psychology students: a serious game designed to reduce the stigma of mental illness Adolfo J. Cangas, Noelia Navarro, Juan J. Ojeda, Diego Cangas, Jose A. Piedra, José Gallego Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 186-190 (2017); View Description Kinect-Based Moving Human Tracking System with Obstacle Avoidance Abdel Mehsen Ahmad, Zouhair Bazzal, Hiba Al Youssef Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 191-197 (2017); View Description A security approach based on honeypots: Protecting Online Social network from malicious profiles Fatna Elmendili, Nisrine Maqran, Younes El Bouzekri El Idrissi, Habiba Chaoui Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 198-204 (2017); View Description Pulse Generator for Ultrasonic Piezoelectric Transducer Arrays Based on a Programmable System-on-Chip (PSoC) Pedro Acevedo, Martín Fuentes, Joel Durán, Mónica Vázquez, Carlos Díaz Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 205-209 (2017); View Description Enabling Toy Vehicles Interaction With Visible Light Communication (VLC) M. A. Ilyas, M. B. Othman, S. M. Shah, Mas Fawzi Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 210-216 (2017); View Description Analysis of Fractional-Order 2xn RLC Networks by Transmission Matrices Mahmut Ün, Manolya Ün Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 217-220 (2017); View Description Fire extinguishing system in large underground garages Ivan Antonov, Rositsa Velichkova, Svetlin Antonov, Kamen Grozdanov, Milka Uzunova, Ikram El Abbassi Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 221-226 (2017); View Description Directional Antenna Modulation Technique using A Two-Element Frequency Diverse Array Shaddrack Yaw Nusenu Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 227-232 (2017); View Description Classifying region of interests from mammograms with breast cancer into BIRADS using Artificial Neural Networks Estefanía D. Avalos-Rivera, Alberto de J. Pastrana-Palma Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 233-240 (2017); View Description Magnetically Levitated and Guided Systems Florian Puci, Miroslav Husak Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 241-244 (2017); View Description Energy-Efficient Mobile Sensing in Distributed Multi-Agent Sensor Networks Minh T. Nguyen Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 245-253 (2017); View Description Validity and efficiency of conformal anomaly detection on big distributed data Ilia Nouretdinov Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 254-267 (2017); View Description S-Parameters Optimization in both Segmented and Unsegmented Insulated TSV upto 40GHz Frequency Juma Mary Atieno, Xuliang Zhang, HE Song Bai Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 268-276 (2017); View Description Synthesis of Important Design Criteria for Future Vehicle Electric System Lisa Braun, Eric Sax Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 277-283 (2017); View Description Gestural Interaction for Virtual Reality Environments through Data Gloves G. Rodriguez, N. Jofre, Y. Alvarado, J. Fernández, R. Guerrero Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 284-290 (2017); View Description Solving the Capacitated Network Design Problem in Two Steps." Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal 2, no. 3 (May 2017): 291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.25046/aj020339.

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50

Nusenu, Shaddrack Yaw. "Volume 2, Issue 3, Special issue on Recent Advances in Engineering Systems (Published Papers) Articles Transmit / Received Beamforming for Frequency Diverse Array with Symmetrical frequency offsets Shaddrack Yaw Nusenu Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 1-6 (2017); View Description Detailed Analysis of Amplitude and Slope Diffraction Coefficients for knife-edge structure in S-UTD-CH Model Eray Arik, Mehmet Baris Tabakcioglu Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 7-11 (2017); View Description Applications of Case Based Organizational Memory Supported by the PAbMM Architecture Martín, María de los Ángeles, Diván, Mario José Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 12-23 (2017); View Description Low Probability of Interception Beampattern Using Frequency Diverse Array Antenna Shaddrack Yaw Nusenu Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 24-29 (2017); View Description Zero Trust Cloud Networks using Transport Access Control and High Availability Optical Bypass Switching Casimer DeCusatis, Piradon Liengtiraphan, Anthony Sager Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 30-35 (2017); View Description A Derived Metrics as a Measurement to Support Efficient Requirements Analysis and Release Management Indranil Nath Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 36-40 (2017); View Description Feedback device of temperature sensation for a myoelectric prosthetic hand Yuki Ueda, Chiharu Ishii Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 41-40 (2017); View Description Deep venous thrombus characterization: ultrasonography, elastography and scattering operator Thibaud Berthomier, Ali Mansour, Luc Bressollette, Frédéric Le Roy, Dominique Mottier Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 48-59 (2017); View Description Improving customs’ border control by creating a reference database of cargo inspection X-ray images Selina Kolokytha, Alexander Flisch, Thomas Lüthi, Mathieu Plamondon, Adrian Schwaninger, Wicher Vasser, Diana Hardmeier, Marius Costin, Caroline Vienne, Frank Sukowski, Ulf Hassler, Irène Dorion, Najib Gadi, Serge Maitrejean, Abraham Marciano, Andrea Canonica, Eric Rochat, Ger Koomen, Micha Slegt Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 60-66 (2017); View Description Aviation Navigation with Use of Polarimetric Technologies Arsen Klochan, Ali Al-Ammouri, Viktor Romanenko, Vladimir Tronko Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 67-72 (2017); View Description Optimization of Multi-standard Transmitter Architecture Using Single-Double Conversion Technique Used for Rescue Operations Riadh Essaadali, Said Aliouane, Chokri Jebali and Ammar Kouki Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 73-81 (2017); View Description Singular Integral Equations in Electromagnetic Waves Reflection Modeling A. S. Ilinskiy, T. N. Galishnikova Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 82-87 (2017); View Description Methodology for Management of Information Security in Industrial Control Systems: A Proof of Concept aligned with Enterprise Objectives. Fabian Bustamante, Walter Fuertes, Paul Diaz, Theofilos Toulqueridis Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 88-99 (2017); View Description Dependence-Based Segmentation Approach for Detecting Morpheme Boundaries Ahmed Khorsi, Abeer Alsheddi Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 100-110 (2017); View Description Paper Improving Rule Based Stemmers to Solve Some Special Cases of Arabic Language Soufiane Farrah, Hanane El Manssouri, Ziyati Elhoussaine, Mohamed Ouzzif Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 111-115 (2017); View Description Medical imbalanced data classification Sara Belarouci, Mohammed Amine Chikh Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 116-124 (2017); View Description ADOxx Modelling Method Conceptualization Environment Nesat Efendioglu, Robert Woitsch, Wilfrid Utz, Damiano Falcioni Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 125-136 (2017); View Description GPSR+Predict: An Enhancement for GPSR to Make Smart Routing Decision by Anticipating Movement of Vehicles in VANETs Zineb Squalli Houssaini, Imane Zaimi, Mohammed Oumsis, Saïd El Alaoui Ouatik Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 137-146 (2017); View Description Optimal Synthesis of Universal Space Vector Digital Algorithm for Matrix Converters Adrian Popovici, Mircea Băbăiţă, Petru Papazian Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 147-152 (2017); View Description Control design for axial flux permanent magnet synchronous motor which operates above the nominal speed Xuan Minh Tran, Nhu Hien Nguyen, Quoc Tuan Duong Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 153-159 (2017); View Description A synchronizing second order sliding mode control applied to decentralized time delayed multi−agent robotic systems: Stability Proof Marwa Fathallah, Fatma Abdelhedi, Nabil Derbel Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 160-170 (2017); View Description Fault Diagnosis and Tolerant Control Using Observer Banks Applied to Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor Martin F. Pico, Eduardo J. Adam Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 171-181 (2017); View Description Development and Validation of a Heat Pump System Model Using Artificial Neural Network Nabil Nassif, Jordan Gooden Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 182-185 (2017); View Description Assessment of the usefulness and appeal of stigma-stop by psychology students: a serious game designed to reduce the stigma of mental illness Adolfo J. Cangas, Noelia Navarro, Juan J. Ojeda, Diego Cangas, Jose A. Piedra, José Gallego Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 186-190 (2017); View Description Kinect-Based Moving Human Tracking System with Obstacle Avoidance Abdel Mehsen Ahmad, Zouhair Bazzal, Hiba Al Youssef Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 191-197 (2017); View Description A security approach based on honeypots: Protecting Online Social network from malicious profiles Fatna Elmendili, Nisrine Maqran, Younes El Bouzekri El Idrissi, Habiba Chaoui Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 198-204 (2017); View Description Pulse Generator for Ultrasonic Piezoelectric Transducer Arrays Based on a Programmable System-on-Chip (PSoC) Pedro Acevedo, Martín Fuentes, Joel Durán, Mónica Vázquez, Carlos Díaz Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 205-209 (2017); View Description Enabling Toy Vehicles Interaction With Visible Light Communication (VLC) M. A. Ilyas, M. B. Othman, S. M. Shah, Mas Fawzi Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 210-216 (2017); View Description Analysis of Fractional-Order 2xn RLC Networks by Transmission Matrices Mahmut Ün, Manolya Ün Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 217-220 (2017); View Description Fire extinguishing system in large underground garages Ivan Antonov, Rositsa Velichkova, Svetlin Antonov, Kamen Grozdanov, Milka Uzunova, Ikram El Abbassi Adv. Sci. Technol. Eng. Syst. J. 2(3), 221-226 (2017); View Description Directional Antenna Modulation Technique using A Two-Element Frequency Diverse Array." Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal 2, no. 3 (May 2017): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25046/aj020331.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Synchronous digital hierarchy (Data transmission)'

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