Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Syndrome de Stein-Leventhal'
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Angles, Michel. "Le syndrome de stein-leventhal de l'adolescente." Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX20311.
Full textSchattman, Linda. "The role of testosterone in aspects of cognition, aggression, and sexual functioning in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and in healthy young women /." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85094.
Full textBoutes, Chantal. "Syndrome des ovaires polykystiques et fécondation in vitro." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11027.
Full textAttaoua, Redha. "Déterminisme génétique de la résistance à l'insuline dans les maladies complexes : application des stratégies de criblage dense du génome basées sur les profils de déséquilibre de liaison dans la génétique du syndrome des ovaires polykystiques." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON1T011.
Full textInsulin resistance is a metabolic disorder characterized by a decrease of insulin activity on its target issues. It characterizes a panel of Mendelian diseases as type A syndrome or complex affections as type 2 diabetes or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In my thesis, we focused on the study of 3 genes in PCOS, in a women population from Central Europe. Genes explored were VNTR of insulin gene, insulin receptor gene (INSR) and FTO (fat mass and obesity associated gene). Genetic markers used in these studies were SNPs, a mononucleotidic and biallelic polymorphisms which we genotyped using fluorescent sequencing or SSO-PCR (sequence specific oligonucleotide-PCR). For INSR, the microsatellite D19S884 located at 1 Mb from the gene genotyped by fluorescent PCR. Linkage disequilibrium between SNPs was measured using HAPLOVIEW 3. 31 and the combination of these polymorphisms into haplotypes in the population was determined by the software PHASE 2. 1. The software StatView ans SAS was used to calculate genetic association by logistic regression or to assess genotype-phenotype correlations by ANOVA. Exploration of VNTR (by genotyping 7 SNPs) was achieved in a population of 160 women with PCOS and 95 controls. INSR was explored (by genotyping 5 SNPs and one microsatellite) in a population of 115 women with PCOS and 11 controls, while FTO gene was investigated (by genotyping one SNP : rs1421085) in 207 cases and 100 controls. FTO was also studied in the obesity of the general women population, in a cohort from Southern France (71 women with simple obesity, 48 others with morbid obesity and 128 controls). We observed that VNTR associates to a prospective effect against PCOS by its SNPs and haplotype H5 (OR = 0. 54; P< 0. 03) while insulin receptor gene appeared as pathogenic by its haplotype H9 which associates to PCOS and infertility (OR = 3. 0, P < 3. 1. 10ˉ³) and correlates with hyperandrogenism and the severity of the disease. FTO did not associate to the phenotype PCOS like INSR but to metabolic syndrome (MetS) and insulin resistance in PCOS (OR = 3. 2; p <0. 0001). This findind was confirmed in obesity of the general women population where FTO was associated as IRS-2, also genotyped in this cohort, to obesity. However, the association of IRS-2 was limited to obesisty (P < 0. 01, OR = 4. 4) and did not extend to MetS and its components as impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and insulin resistance. In conclusion, my thesis demonstrates the importance of using haplotypes as markers in genetic studies of complex diseases but also allows to note the necessity of investigating the genetic background of metabolic disorders in PCOS aiming individuals of a high cardiovascular and type 2 diabetes risk
Chhuon, Danielle. "Le syndrome des ovaires polykystiques : réactualisation des données de la littérature et application à l'étude de quelques dossiers cliniques." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05P032.
Full textMacari, Françoise. "Déterminisme génétique de la résistance à l'insuline : identification de défauts moléculaires dans les syndromes de type A, d'Alström et des ovaires polykystiques." Montpellier 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON13505.
Full textRehme, Marta Francis Benevides. "O hiperandrogenismo influencia no desenvolvimento de síndrome metabólica em pacientes com síndrome dos ovários policísticos?" Botucatu : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106373.
Full textBanca: Tamara Goldberg
Banca: Marcos Felipe Silva de Sá
Banca: José Alcione Macedo Almeida
Banca: Cleusa Cascaes Dias
Resumo: A síndrome dos ovários policísticos (SOP) afeta 5 a 8% das mulheres no menacme e é caracterizada pela anovulação crônica e hiperandrogenismo. A obesidade central e a resistência insulínica (RI) são freqüentes na SOP e desempenham um papel fundamental na etiopatogenia da síndrome metabólica (SM). O hiperandrogenismo tem sido questionado como um fator importante no desenvolvimento da SM em mulheres com SOP. Verificar se o hiperandrogenismo influencia no desenvolvimento de síndrome metabólica em pacientes com SOP. Foram avaliados retrospectivamente os dados clínicos, bioquímicos e ultrassonográficos de 180 mulheres com SOP diagnosticadas pelos critérios de Rotterdam e de 70 mulheres com obesidade simples. As pacientes com SOP foram classificadas de acordo com o índice de massa corporal (IMC) em SOP não obesas e SOP obesas. As pacientes obesas simples não apresentaram hiperandrogenismo clínico nem bioquímico. O índice de sensibilidade à insulínica (ISI) foi avaliado pelo HOMA-IR e ISI de Matsuda e DeFronzo. A SM foi diagnosticada pelos critérios do NCEP-ATP III com modificações sugeridas pelo consenso de Rotterdam. A média de idade das pacientes foi de 27,3 + 4,7 no grupo das pacientes SOP não obesas; 28,8 + 5,0 nas SOP obesas e 27,4 + 5,2 nas obesas simples (p=0, 0773), e o IMC foi de 25,1+3,0 kg/m2; 37,0+ 5,5 kg/m2 e 36,0+ 4,2 kg/m2 respectivamente (p<0, 001). A prevalência de RI e SM não diferiu entre as pacientes obesas com e sem SOP e foi significativamente maior do que nas SOP não obesas (p<0, 001). Entretanto a prevalência de SM foi maior nas SOP obesas com hiperandrogenismo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 5-8% of women at menacme and is characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Central obesity and insulin resistance (IR) are frequent in PCOS and play a leading role in the etiopathogeny of metabolic syndrome (MS). Hyperandrogenism has been suggested as an important factor in the development of MS in women with PCOS. To determine whether hyperandrogenism influences the development of metabolic syndrome in patients with PCOS. Clinical, biochemical and ultrasonographic data on 180 women with PCOS, as diagnosed by the Rotterdam criteria, and 70 women with simple obesity were retrospectively analyzed. According to body mass index, PCOS patients were classified as nonobese with PCOS and obese with PCOS. No clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism was observed in patients with simple obesity. Insulin sensitivity indices (ISI) were assessed as proposed by HOMA-IR and ISI (Matsuda and De Fronzo). MS was diagnosed based on NCEP-ATP III criteria with modifications suggested by the Rotterdam consensus. Mean age was 27.3 + 4.7 among non-obese patients with PCOS, 28.8 + 5.0 in obese patients with POS, and 27.4 + 5.2 in those with simple obesity (p=0.0773), while BMI was 25.1+3.0 kg/m2, 37.0+ 5.5 kg/m2 and 36.0+ 4.2 kg/m2, respectively (p<0.001). The prevalence of IR and MS did not differ between obese patients with and without PCOS, and was significantly higher in these patients than in non-obese women with PCOS (p<0.001). The prevalence of MS, however, was higher... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
Barbotin, Anne-Laure. "Plasticité neuro-structurale de l’hypothalamus dans le syndrome des ovaires polykystiques." Thesis, Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LILUS043.
Full textPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive disorder (10% of women worldwide). Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels are found to be 2-3-fold higher in PCOS women than in those with normal ovaries. AMH induces LH secretion by stimulating the activation of GnRH secretion. As recently demonstrated, this increase in GnRH secretion could be related to hyperactivity of GnRH neurons in response to a direct action of AMH but could also be exerted indirectly via an increase in excitatory inputs on GnRH neurons.Our team has previously demonstrated that tanycytes, which unsheathe the terminals of GnRH neurons, regulate GnRH secretion and express AMH receptor. Thus, we aim to determine (1) whether elevated AMH could be responsible for the retraction of the tanycyte coverage leading to increased GnRH/LH secretion in PCOS and (2) whether neuronal hyperactivity in hypothalamus could contribute to higher GnRH activity in PCOS women.Firstly, we have performed ultrastructural studies in rodents’ median eminence (ME) explants challenged with AMH. Then, we compared tanycytic retraction using electron microscopy. We have performed the same experiments in a PCOS mouse model. In humans, we have used metabolic magnetic resonance imaging approaches (i.e. proton magnetic resonance spectra). In order to assess neuronal activity, we have compared N-acetyl-aspartate/creatine ratios in the hypothalamus between PCOS women versus controls.Using electron microscopy, we have shown that tanycytes displayed a significant retraction of their end-feet after AMH treatment ex vivo. This is followed by the sprouting of GnRH terminals towards the pericapillary space. Such processes could significantly favor the sustained delivery of peak levels of GnRH, which could contribute to the rise in LH levels typical of PCOS condition. We have found the same results in PCOS-mouse model with higher GnRH terminals towards the pericapillary space in PCOS mice than in controls. In addition, we found an increase in neuronal activity in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus in PCOS mice. Moreover, this region is particularly involved in the regulation of GnRH secretion. For the first time, we have demonstrated that PCOS women exhibit higher concentrations of GnRH measured by mass spectroscopy than GnRH levels in normo-ovulatory women. Our proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis has revealed that PCOS women exhibit higher N-acetyl aspartate/creatine ratio than controls. These results are predicted to be correlated with increased hypothalamic activity.This translational study suggests that the increase in GnRH / LH secretions found in PCOS could be explained by neurostructural hypothalamic plasticity in link with tanycytes retraction and by an increase of neuronal activity in the hypothalamus
Aït, El Mkadem Samira. "Déterminisme génétique de la résistance à l'insuline : identification de défauts moléculaires dans le syndrome des ovaires polykistiques, l'obésité et le diabète sucré." Saint-Etienne, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000STET004T.
Full textGürber, Peter. "Das "Stein-Leventhal-Syndrom" /." [S.l : s.n.], 1987. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
Full textKhalaf, Mohamad. "Les cellules de la granulosa humaine dans les protocoles de stimulation ovarienne : rôles des analogues de la GnRH et des BMPs (Bone Morphogenetic Proteins) : Thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux." Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN2063.
Full textOvarian stimulation protocols using the GnRH antagonist or GnRH agonist to block the LH surge are now a common practice in fertilization in vitro technique. However, these protocols had profound effects on the physiology of the granulosa cells. This work shows that both protocols have different impacts on the signaling pathways in human granulosa cells. Indeed, in the presence of GnRH agonist, protein kinase C (PKC) pathway, main way by which GnRH acts, is desensitized. This effect may account for the observed difference between two protocols in the production of estradiol by the granulosa cells. Moreover, we observe that certain factors such as Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) don’t have the same level of expression in granulosa cells between the two protocols. Also, within a single protocol, these factors can also have a different role on the physiology of the granulosa cells by presence of some folliculogenesis pathology such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The increased expression of BMP-6 and BMPR-IA receptor in granulosa cells of PCOS women may explain the blockage at the stage of preantral follicles and disorders of steroidogenesis observed in these women. In PCOS women, BMPs induce resistance to FSH in granulosa cells in terms of estradiol production. All of our results shows, first, that the ovarian stimulation strongly influence the physiology of the granulosa cells and secondly, study some factors such as BMPs could be help us to understand more about the ovarian pathology
Mimouni, Nour El Houda. "Elevated prenatal anti-Müllerian hormone reprograms the fetus and induces polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in adulthood." Thesis, Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LILUS051.
Full textPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the main cause of female infertility worldwide with high comorbidity and economic burden. It is mainly characterized by hyperandrogenism, oligo/anovulation and polycystic appearing ovaries. Moreover, most women with PCOS exhibit higher levels of circulating luteinizing hormone (LH), suggestive of heightened gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release. Additionally, PCOS patients also exhibit 2-3x higher levels of Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) as compared to healthy controls.While the exact origin of PCOS is unknown, familiar clustering and twin studies of PCOS patients and their relatives suggest a strong heritable component in PCOS. However, the candidate genes identified account for only <10% of the estimated 70% heritability of PCOS, implying that it may originate during intrauterine development and that environmental factors, such as hormonal imbalances during fetal life, could be involved in the onset of PCOS.In this study, we first measured AMH levels in a cohort of pregnant women with PCOS and control women which revealed that AMH is significantly more elevated in the former group versus the latter, we then modelized our clinical findings by exposing pregnant mice to high concentration of AMH during a specific temporal window and showed that this fetal exposure leads to a cascade of alterations impacting the maternal brain, the ovaries, and the placenta, which consequently reprogram the fetal brain and induce the acquisition of the major PCOS cardinal neuroendocrine reproductive features, namely hyperandrogenism, elevation in LH pulse frequency and oligo-anovulation, and a persistent rise in the GnRH neuronal firing activity in adulthood. Moreover, our results show that the long-term consequences of a short exposure to elevated AMH levels during gestation expand beyond the first generation exposed and that PCOS-like manifestations seem to be transmitted across subsequent generations of females.Intrestingly, using a pharmacological approach, we demonstrate that tempering GnRH signaling pathway rescues the neuroendocrine phenotype of PCOS-like animals, restoring their normal hormonal levels, estrus cyclicity and ovarian morphology.Lastly, we sought to understand how early exposure to AMH excess would affect the neuroendocrine and reproductive features of the male offspring. Here, we demonstrate that prenatal AMH treatment profoundly impacts the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal (HPG) axis function in males, which fail to engage the testosterone surge at birth observed in control newborns, leading to a feminization of sexually dimorphic circuitries of their brains, an increase in LH, a drastic decrease in testosterone levels, severe alterations in the testicular steroidogenesis and morphology as well as a higher risk of developing cryptorchidism in adulthood. Thus, it could be of clinical interest to relate findings from this study to the reproductive phenotype of sons of PCOS women, who are exposed during gestation but not systematically investigated in adulthood.Collectively, our results challenge the concept of PCOS originating in utero and appear to consolidate the role of AMH as a trigger of the pathogenesis, suggesting that an altered hormonal milieu during early life associated with PCOS may not only affect the female fetus but also the male fetus exposed and that these alterations could be transmitted across multiple generations.These findings point to PAMH mouse model as an excellent preclinical tool to investigate both neuroendocrine disturbances of PCOS and how developmental programming effects are transmitted, while offering a therapeutic avenue for the treatment of the disease
Geneidy, Nadja. "Polyzystisches Ovar-Syndrom : Untersuchung von Kandidatengenen und deren Korrelation mit dem klinischen Erscheinungsbild." kostenfrei, 2008. http://www.opus-bayern.de/uni-regensburg/volltexte/2009/1145/.
Full textTalbot, Émilie. "Impact de la protéine de morue sur la sensibilité à l'insuline, le métabolisme du glucose et divers marqueurs cardiovasculaires chez des femmes atteintes du syndrome des ovaires polykystiques." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29767/29767.pdf.
Full textBlasi, Melanie. "Insulinresistenz und Inzidenz eines Gestationsdiabetes bei Kinderwunschpatientinnen mit und ohne Polyzystischem Ovarsyndrom." kostenfrei, 2008. http://www.opus-bayern.de/uni-regensburg/volltexte/2009/1137/.
Full textAtassi, Ziad. "Einsatz von Metformin in der Sterilitätstherapie beim Syndrom polyzystischer Ovarien." [S.l. : s.n.], 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:289-vts-64841.
Full textMellouk, Namya. "Etude de trois adipocytokines, adiponectine, visfatine et chémérine au niveau plasmatique et dans plusieurs tissus métaboliques et reproducteurs de différentes espèces." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR4007.
Full textThis thesis is focused on the study of three adipokines (adiponectin, visfatin and chemerin) in species that develop abnormalities of energy metabolism associated with reproductive disorders. Our results have shown some diet effects on the lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms and in a less extend, on the reproductive functions in dairy cows and broiler hens. These effects were partly associated with the expression profiles of adiponectin, visfatin and chemerin. In addition, we have demonstrated overexpression of the chemerin/CMKLR1 system in follicular fluid and in ovarian cells of patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome, with or without obesity. First, these findings reveal the possibility of considering these adipokines as potential biomarkers for evaluating growth, fattening status and fertility in agricultural farms. On the other hand, they suggest a potential involvement of chemerin in the regulation of ovarian functions in women
Oliveira, Natália Maria Gomes de. "The efficiency of a complementary approach to Stein-Leventhal Syndrome (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) - a comprehensive review." Dissertação, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/132472.
Full textOliveira, Natália Maria Gomes de. "The efficiency of a complementary approach to Stein-Leventhal Syndrome (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) - a comprehensive review." Master's thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/132472.
Full textHickey, Theresa E. "Androgen receptor mediated activity in the ovary : implications for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/37839.
Full textThesis (Ph.D.)--School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, 2006.
Oliveira, Natália Maria Gomes de. "The efficiency of a complementary approach to Stein-Leventhal Syndrome (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) - a comprehensive review on Traditional Chinese Medicine." Master's thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/132373.
Full textFilko, Diana Andrea. "Untersuchungen zur Rolle von Dehydroepiandrosteron und seinem Sulfatester Dehydroepiandrosteronsulfat in der Pathogenese des Androgenexzesses beim Syndrom der polyzystischen Ovarien." Doctoral thesis, 2010. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-49947.
Full textPolycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most common endocrine disorders of women in reproductive age. It is predominantly characterized by hyperandrogenemia. One of the most important sources for female androgen production is the adrenal steroid dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). DHEA can be rapidly inactivated to dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) particularly in the liver by the enzyme hydroxysteroid-sulfotransferase (SULT2A1). Conversion from inactive DHEAS to active DHEA occurs in the most tissues to a negligible degree. The enzyme SULT2A1 plays the crucial role in the regulation of the ratio of active DHEA and inactive DHEAS. In this study we examined, if the ratio between DHEA and DHEAS is disturbed in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. We examined patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (n=89) and a correspondent healthy cohort. We measured the serum concentrations of DHEA, DHEAS and of androstanediolglucoronide (ADG). There was no significant difference in the serum concentrations of DHEAS and ADG between both cohorts. The serum concentration of DHEA and the DHEA/DHEAS ratio was significant elevated in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. We identified a subcohort of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, where the DHEA/DHEAS ratio was over the 90. percentile of the control cohort. In this subcohort, the serum concentration of ADG was significant elevated. There were no clinical differences in both groups. We suggest, that a reduced activity of the enzyme SULT2A1 is responsible for the androgen excess in some of the patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Further studies have to show, what is the cause for the reduced activity of the enzyme SULT2A1