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Journal articles on the topic 'Synonym words'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Arifin, E. Zaenal. "KESINONIMAN DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA." Pujangga 1, no. 1 (2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.47313/pujangga.v1i1.141.

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<p><em>Reviews of synonymy in Indonesian is aimed to describe the various issues related to equality of words in our national language. The method used is qualitative descriptive method. The theoretical framework of this review is based on the opinion of D.A. Cruse in Lexical Semantics, and other Semantics expert opinion. Retrieved complex description of synonymy in this language, i.e. <strong>absolute synonym, cognitive synonym, plesionym, partial synonym, and congruous synonym. </strong>Synonyms are used so there are variations that sentence constructed by the words w

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Al-Matham, Rawan N., and Hend S. Al-Khalifa. "SynoExtractor: A Novel Pipeline for Arabic Synonym Extraction Using Word2Vec Word Embeddings." Complexity 2021 (February 16, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6627434.

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Automatic synonym extraction plays an important role in many natural language processing systems, such as those involving information retrieval and question answering. Recently, research has focused on extracting semantic relations from word embeddings since they capture relatedness and similarity between words. However, using word embeddings alone poses problems for synonym extraction because it cannot determine whether the relation between words is synonymy or some other semantic relation. In this paper, we present a novel solution for this problem by proposing the SynoExtractor pipeline, wh

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Munirsyah, Munirsyah, Moch Arif Bijaksana, and Widi Astuti. "Development Synonym Set for the English Wordnet Using the Method of Comutative and Agglomerative Clustering." Jurnal Sisfokom (Sistem Informasi dan Komputer) 9, no. 2 (2020): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.32736/sisfokom.v9i2.855.

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Wordnet is a collection of words that interpret or present a meaning, in its development Wordnet has an important part, the Synonym Set or Synset. In making Synonym sets, synonyms are needed and the commutative nature of words is needed. To get word synonyms, the English language thesaurus becomes the reference data for taking synonym data. Broadly speaking, the difference between Wordnet and the dictionary is that the meaning of the word is related to other words, to determine the equation requires a commutative process. The process is made easy by using commutative methods that will produce

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Nurina Azyyati, Dwi Linda Kusuma, and Nurrahma Restia Fatkhiyati. "Diffusion of Linguistic Functions in the Synonymy of "Demikian" and "Begitu" in 160-Year Literary Work." Aksis : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 8, no. 1 (2024): 16–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/aksis.080102.

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This study explores the language change that occurred in two Indonesian demonstrative words, “demikian” and “begitu”, which are synonyms. As synonyms, both have similar linguistic functions. This study examines the possibility of language change influenced by synonymy through the diffusion of their linguistic functions. The literature works used in this study are Hikayat Abdullah (1842), Azab dan Sengsara (1920), and Cantik Itu Luka (2002), covering a period of 160 years. The words ‘demikian’ and ‘begitu’ were collected by using AntConc and were classified based on the level of change that occ

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Yeganova, Lana, Sun Kim, Qingyu Chen, Grigory Balasanov, W. John Wilbur, and Zhiyong Lu. "Better synonyms for enriching biomedical search." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 27, no. 12 (2020): 1894–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocaa151.

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Abstract Objective In a biomedical literature search, the link between a query and a document is often not established, because they use different terms to refer to the same concept. Distributional word embeddings are frequently used for detecting related words by computing the cosine similarity between them. However, previous research has not established either the best embedding methods for detecting synonyms among related word pairs or how effective such methods may be. Materials and Methods In this study, we first create the BioSearchSyn set, a manually annotated set of synonyms, to assess

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Agustiar, Agustiar, Mardiah Mardiah, Riska Suci Febriani, Vebri Pradinata Putra, and Faizal . A. "Sinonimitas Dalam Al-Qur’an: Studi Tentang Lafadz Penciptaan Dalam Al-Qur’an." Jurnal Al-Kifayah: Ilmu Tarbiyah dan Keguruan 2, no. 2 (2023): 281–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.53398/ja.v2i2.355.

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This writing aims to examine the synonyms in the Qur'an, especially in the word creation used in the Muslim holy book. Synonym is the use of words or phrases that have the same or similar meanings in a particular context. Al-Qur'an contains many synonyms in the use of lafadz creation. This synonymy can be seen in several forms, such as perfect synonyms, partial synonyms, similar synonyms, and synonyms with variations in meaning. Perfect synonyms occur when the words used are completely the same in meaning and usage, while partial synonyms occur when only certain parts of the words have the sam

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Mitkevičienė, Asta. "Synonymous terms in Lithuanian works of literary science in 1918–1940." Lietuvių kalba, no. 9 (December 18, 2015): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lk.2015.22632.

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The article deals with synonymous terms used in the works of the theory and history of literary science published in Lithuanian between 1918 and 1940 (i.e. period of independent Lithuania). The paper discusses extent of terminology synonymy, types of one-word synonyms according to root of terms and their origin, identifies the fate of synonymous terms. The work follows the opposition principle.Synonymy is characteristic to literary terminology of aforesaid time (about 40% one-word terms have one-word synonyms). That proves terminological statement, that synonymy is typical to the first stages

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Antón, Eneko, and Jon Andoni Duñabeitia. "Better to Be Alone than in Bad Company: Cognate Synonyms Impair Word Learning." Behavioral Sciences 10, no. 8 (2020): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs10080123.

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The effects of cognate synonymy in L2 word learning are explored. Participants learned the names of well-known concrete concepts in a new fictional language following a picture-word association paradigm. Half of the concepts (set A) had two possible translations in the new language (i.e., both words were synonyms): one was a cognate in participants’ L1 and the other one was not. The other half of the concepts (set B) had only one possible translation in the new language, a non-cognate word. After learning the new words, participants’ memory was tested in a picture-word matching task and a tran

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Yakunina, Daria V. "Common-Root Words: Between Synonymy and Paronymy." Izvestiia Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. Seriia literatury i iazyka 82, no. 4 (2023): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s160578800027392-7.

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The article discusses the relationship between the concepts of synonymy and paronymy, as well as the functioning in the language of prefixal verbal paronyms. The definition of paronyms as common-rooted words with different affixes, which are regularly misused in speech as synonyms, is clarified. Some verbs on the synchronic level may be considered as synonyms or as paronyms, depending on the focus of the speaker’s or listener’s attention. As for the diachronic aspect of language study, there are processes of synonymization of common-root prefixal verbs, associated mainly with hypo-hyperonymic

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Oyunkhand, Demchigmaa. "Уламжлалт орчуулгын хэлний ойролцоо үгс, утга, түүхэн онцлог". Монгол судлал 47, № 1 (2024): 127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22353/ms20234710.

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Different types of translation of the same textwork are the basic fundaments of the synonym formation. The synonyms, one of the basic units of lexicology, express not only the nuances of the meaning but also play a crucial role in making the composition appropriate, meaningful, and eloquent. The synonyms can form in several ways, and here we tried to study the formation of the synonyms based on the several translations of “Subhashita” 1. Honourable word + ordinary word, 2. Written language word+ dialect word, 3. Synonym (mngon brjod ming) + ordinary word, 4. Archaic and historic words + new wo

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Kvašīte, Regīna, and Kazimiers Župerka. "Lauku iedzīvotāju nosaukumi lietuviešu un latviešu valodā." Vārds un tā pētīšanas aspekti: rakstu krājums = The Word: Aspects of Research: conference proceedings, no. 25 (November 23, 2021): 267–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/vtpa.2021.25.267.

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The aim of the research is to find out what words are used in Lithuanian and Latvian to name the rural population. The study was performed by applying descriptive, comparative and quantitative methods. The novelty of the article is the presentation of the Lithuanian language material in Latvian, as well as the analysis of the Latvian language material and the comparison of the meanings and use of Lithuanian and Latvian words. The study is sociolinguistic, not normative; therefore, not only systematic but also contextual, situational synonymy is important. Dictionaries and texts of literary and

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Obata, Albert. "EFFECTS OF SYNONYMS IN ENGLISH AS SECOND LANGUAGE IN KENYA; A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW." European Journal of Linguistics 1, no. 1 (2022): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ejl.892.

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Purpose: Synonym is a paradigmatic relation that enables lexically simple units to have same meaning as lexically complex units and vice versa. It is necessary to develop student’s vocabulary by use of synonyms. By learning the synonym, the students not only know one word but also other words that have nearly same meaning on the text. The purpose of the study therefore is to evaluate the effects of synonyms in English as second language in Kenya. Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to ext

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Habibi, Muhammad Yusuf, and Abdul Rahman Al Sayyid. "Use of Synonyms in The Qur'an (Semantic Analysis Study)." Jurnal Al-Maqayis 10, no. 1 (2023): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.18592/jams.v10i1.9069.

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In the use of language, sometimes we find a difference between one speech and another speech with expressions that have one meaning. This phenomenon is also called by linguists with synonyms. Synonyms are two words that have one or more meanings, such as "death" and "died". This research aims to: 1. know the analysis of the word forms that are synonymous in Surah Al-Baqarah, 2. Analyze the meaning of rich words that are synonymous in Surah Al-Baqarah. The type of research used in this research is literature research with a qualitative approach. The primary data used are verses containing synon

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Liu, Wei. "Automatically refining synonym extraction results: Cleaning and ranking." Journal of Information Science 45, no. 4 (2018): 460–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165551518799640.

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Synonyms are crucial resources for many semantic applications, and the issue of synonym extraction has been studied extensively. However, extraction accuracy still cannot meet the practical demands. In addition, manually refining extraction results is time consuming. This article focuses on refining synonym extraction results by cleaning and ranking. A new graph model, the synonym graph, is proposed for the purpose of transforming the synonym extraction result of each word into a directed graph. Following this, two approaches for refining synonym extraction results are proposed based on the sy

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Botirova, Sojida Jomurodovna Jumanazarova Sitora Shonazarovna. "GENERAL DEFINITION OF SYNONYMY." THEORETICAL ASPECTS IN THE FORMATION OF PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCES 2, no. 6 (2023): 143–48. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7680840.

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Synonyms (in ancient Greek syn ‘συν’ plus and onoma ‘όνομα’ name) are different words with similar or identical meanings and are interchangable. Antonyms are words with opposite or nearly opposite meanings. (Synonym and antonym are antonyms.)

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Aliyev, A. "Lexical-Semantic and Stylistic Shadeness of Poetic Synonyms." Bulletin of Science and Practice 10, no. 6 (2024): 744–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/103/92.

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Synonyms, as a rule, are distinguished by their unique qualities from other lexical units from the lexical-semantic point of view in the language. So, mainly two aspects attract more attention in this group of words. First, they are close in meaning. Some linguists even call them synonymous, depending on the meaning of the synonym word. On the other hand, synonymy is the diversity of words in terms of form. In addition to the common aspects of synonyms and their main features such as their capacity, processing in a wide aspect, gaining richness, creating comparison, elimination of repetition,

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Evangelista, Bianca, та Susi Magdalena. "SINONIM VERBA РАЗГОВАРИВАТЬ/RAZGOVARIVAT’/’BERBICARA, BERCAKAP-CAKAP’ DALAM BAHASA RUSIA". Paramasastra 9, № 1 (2022): 30–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/paramasastra.v9n1.p30-43.

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The Russian language has many synonyms. Synonyms of words appear not only in the noun class, but also in adjectives, adverbs, and verbs. Verbs in Russian work as words that show activities or circumstances, expressed through the categories of aspect, tense, person, and mode. This article will discuss the synonym of the verb разговаривать/razgovarivat’/' to speak, to converse'. The method used is a descriptive analysis method and the data obtained from the site www.ruscorpora.com. The data will be analyzed and quoted according to the needs of the writing. The results of the analysis show that t

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Chang, Ching-Yun, and Stephen Clark. "Practical Linguistic Steganography using Contextual Synonym Substitution and a Novel Vertex Coding Method." Computational Linguistics 40, no. 2 (2014): 403–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00176.

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Linguistic steganography is concerned with hiding information in natural language text. One of the major transformations used in linguistic steganography is synonym substitution. However, few existing studies have studied the practical application of this approach. In this article we propose two improvements to the use of synonym substitution for encoding hidden bits of information. First, we use the Google n-gram corpus for checking the applicability of a synonym in context, and we evaluate this method using data from the SemEval lexical substitution task and human annotated data. Second, we

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Noor, Eliza Abdul Rahman, and Ab. Halim Zulazhan. "Synonym in Malay and Arabic: A Comparative Study in the Aspect of Definition and Importance." International Journal of Current Science Research and Review 04, no. 12 (2021): 1842–49. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/V4-i12-29.

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Abstract : The study discusses synonym in Malay and Arabic with a general focus on its definition and importance. In addition to that, this study also aims to observe the differences and similarities that exist in both languages when it comes to defining or determining the definition of synonym done by Malay and Arabic scholars and the need of synonyms for both languages and nations. This study is a descriptive literature review that is using contrastive analysis. The result of the study shows that Malay and Arabic differ in selecting the basis for synonyms in the aspect of definition but both

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Rosliana, Lina. "ANALISIS MAKNA KONJUNGSI SONOUE DAN SHIKAMO SEBAGAI SINONIM DALAM BAHASA JEPANG." KIRYOKU 2, no. 1 (2018): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/kiryoku.v2i1.25-32.

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(Title: Conjunction Shikamo and Sonoue as a Synonym in Japanese Linguistics) Japanese words have more synonyms than Indonesian words. For example, to say 'increase' in Japanese, we can use fueru (増える), masu (増す), and zouka suru (増加する). Similarly, other words, which in Indonesian equally mean 'bertanya', Japanese has kiku (聞く) and tazuneru (尋ねる). Such synonymous words often make it difficult for the Japanese learner to use them in a sentence, either written or oral, so the analysis of the meaning of synonymous words becomes an important thing in order for conforming the word we choose to the in

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Belov, Vadim. "Semantic Features of Nouns Referred to Various Lexical-And-Grammatical Categories." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 3 (August 2020): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2020.3.4.

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The paper focuses on semantic properties of concrete and abstract nouns in the aspect of their cognitive categorization. The research is based on the results of two psycholinguistic experiments carried out by the author: synonym selection and word interpretation. The data obtained are verified by comparing data from the dictionaries of synonyms and National Corpus of the Russian Language. The synonym collection experiment shows that the speakers tend to extend synonymic relations of concrete nouns by means of semantic convergence of the words, which belong to different levels of hierarchy in t

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Fierdaus, Valentino Rossi, Moch Arif Bijaksana, and Widi Astuti. "Building Synonym Set for Indonesian WordNet using Commutative Method and Hierarchical Clustering." JURNAL MEDIA INFORMATIKA BUDIDARMA 4, no. 3 (2020): 778. http://dx.doi.org/10.30865/mib.v4i3.2254.

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WordNet is a compilation of Synonyms Set (synset), which consists of the words that have the same synonymous. The development of Indonesian WordNet has a goal to build an application that can accommodate and exhibit the relation of words. Synonym Set is a set composed of one or more words that have a similar meaning or synonym relation originated from the Indonesian Thesaurus. In previous studies, the establishment of synsets were transmitted with several approaches, one of which was the cluster ring to produce synsets and WSD (Word Sense Disambiguation). In this research, research is held up

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Peirsman, Yves, Dirk Geeraerts, and Dirk Speelman. "The corpus-based identification of cross-lectal synonyms in pluricentric languages." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 20, no. 1 (2015): 54–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.20.1.03pei.

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This article discusses a corpus-based method for the automatic identification of synonyms across different varieties of the same language. This method, based on the paradigm of distributional semantics, quantifies semantic similarity on the basis of contextual similarity in two comparable corpora. In two case studies for Dutch and German, we show that it automatically identifies the correct synonym for 31% and 25% of the target words, respectively. A manual error analysis moreover indicates that many additional synonyms are very close in the distributional model, while most other distributiona

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Witzel, Naoko. "Can masked synonym priming replicate masked translation priming?" Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 72, no. 10 (2019): 2554–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747021819848683.

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This study examines whether synonyms are represented similarly to translation equivalents in the bilingual mind. In particular, this study investigated whether there is masked synonym priming such that it will simulate masked translation priming in the L1-L2 direction. Given that masked translation priming studies consistently show priming in the L1-L2 direction, it was predicted that synonyms should show a masked priming effect if the prime was higher in frequency than the target. Contrary to what Bilingual Interactive Activation models would predict, there was no priming for synonyms in the

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Tsybova, Irina A. "On lexical synonymy in romance languages." Verhnevolzhski Philological Bulletin 4, no. 27 (2021): 144–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/2499-9679-2021-4-27-144-149.

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The article compares synonyms in romance languages (french, spanish, portuguese, italian, romanian). Synonymy as one of the linguistic universals is a manifestation of the linguistic sign asymmetry. In cognitive linguistics, synonyms are regarded as units of the same mental space. Synonymy represents the ability of linguistic units to replace one another in all or certain contexts without changing the content of the utterance, due to the identity or similarity of their meanings. Another important function of synonymy is the function of clarification which consists in identifying the properties

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Iqbal, Mubaroq, Moch Arif Bijaksana, and Widi Astuti. "Building Synsets for Indonesian WordNet using ROCK (Robust Clustering Using Links) Algorithm." Jurnal Sisfokom (Sistem Informasi dan Komputer) 9, no. 2 (2020): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.32736/sisfokom.v9i2.853.

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On the development of Indonesian WordNet, the synonym set is an important part that represents the similarity of meaning between words. Synonym sets are built using the Indonesian Thesaurus as the lexical database. After going through the extraction process from the Indonesian Thesaurus, we will get a synonym set that has a similarity or word sense between words. In general, the difference between WordNet and the dictionary is their main focus, in which the dictionary usually focuses on just one word, while in WordNet the focus is on the meaning of words and connectedness with other words. Exp

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Schumacher, Elliot, and Mark Dredze. "Learning unsupervised contextual representations for medical synonym discovery." JAMIA Open 2, no. 4 (2019): 538–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jamiaopen/ooz057.

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Abstract Objectives An important component of processing medical texts is the identification of synonymous words or phrases. Synonyms can inform learned representations of patients or improve linking mentioned concepts to medical ontologies. However, medical synonyms can be lexically similar (“dilated RA” and “dilated RV”) or dissimilar (“cerebrovascular accident” and “stroke”); contextual information can determine if 2 strings are synonymous. Medical professionals utilize extensive variation of medical terminology, often not evidenced in structured medical resources. Therefore, the ability to

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Inkpen, Diana, and Graeme Hirst. "Building and Using a Lexical Knowledge Base of Near-Synonym Differences." Computational Linguistics 32, no. 2 (2006): 223–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli.2006.32.2.223.

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Choosing the wrong word in a machine translation or natural language generation system can convey unwanted connotations, implications, or attitudes. The choice between near-synonyms such as error, mistake, slip, and blunder—words that share the same core meaning, but differ in their nuances—can be made only if knowledge about their differences is available. We present a method to automatically acquire a new type of lexical resource: a knowledge base of near-synonym differences. We develop an unsupervised decision-list algorithm that learns extraction patterns from a special dictionary of synon

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Hayati, Nur Fitriyani. "Musykilatu at-Taraduf fi Tarjamati Riwayah Al-Hubb Daiman li Amil Muhamad Syata." International Journal of Arabic Language Teaching 1, no. 02 (2019): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.32332/ijalt.v1i02.1789.

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This research discusses the translation problems of synonymous words in the Arabic novel Al-Hubb Daiman. This novel written by Amil Muhamad Syata, consists of ten episodes and published in 2009 by خوارزم العلمية للنشر والتوزيع Jeddah. In addition to the story, this novel also mentions several events and situations in the city of Mecca and the surrounding area, its food, culture and so on. So, this novel is interesting to be translated into Indonesian. After the researcher translated the entire text of the novel into Indonesian. One of the problems that faced by the author in translating the no

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Sanjaya, Ardi, Ahmad Bagus Setiawan, Umi Mahdiyah, Intan Nur Farida, and Aprisa Risky Prasetyo. "Pengukuran Kemiripan Makna Menggunakan Cosine Similarity dan Basis Data Sinonim Kata." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer 10, no. 4 (2023): 747–52. https://doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.2024106864.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan alternatif dalam menguji kemiripan makna antar 2 kalimat. Pembentukan database sinonim kata dilakukan dengan mengelompokkan kata berdasar sinonim atau yang memiliki kesamaan arti. Masing-masing kelompok kata diberikan ID unik. Selanjutnya setiap kelompok kata dipecah untuk diuraikan menjadi kata tunggal, disimpan pada tabel kata dengan melabeli ID kata dan ID sinonim. ID sinonim didasarkan pada ID unik pada tabel sinonim. Dalam pengujian kemiripan makna, masing-masing kalimat akan di urai menjadi kata dan tiap-tiap kata akan dicocokkan berdasarkan tabe

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Mirxanova, Gulandom Rustamovna. "EMERGENCE AND STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT OF FIRST SYNONYM DICTIONARIES." Scientific Reports of Bukhara State University 5, no. 2 (2021): 96–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.52297/2181-1466/2021/5/2/8.

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Introduction. Synonyms are formed from the combination of the Greek words syn "together" + onoma "name", which is an important means of increasing the effectiveness of speech, a clearer, more vivid, logical and diverse expression of thought. In the existing scientific literature, it is reflected that synonymous words in the working definition belong to the same category, are written, pronounced differently, but have the same or similar meanings. Synonymy is a very multifaceted phenomenon, and most of the definitions given do not fully cover the essence of synonymy. Therefore, from the earliest

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Fitrah, Yundi, and Rengki Afria. "The Analysis of Synonym Relation Meaning in Kerinci Language: A Semantic Study." Journal of Languages and Language Teaching 12, no. 1 (2024): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.33394/jollt.v12i1.9415.

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Synonyms are lexical variants that refer to the same meaning in expressing something in word form. In other cases, synonyms are lexical aspects that support cohesion in discourse which functions as a link between one lingual unit and another. This research explains the analysis of synonym meaning relation in Kerinci language through semantic study. The purpose of this research is to reveal the form of synonym meaning relation in its distribution in Kerinci area. The method used is qualitative, data obtained from oral and written sources, data collection is done by interview, and data analysis

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Varoutas, P. C., P. Rizand, A. Livartowski, T. Hamon, and N. Grabar. "Automatic Acquisition of Synonym Resources and Assessment of their Impact on the Enhanced Search in EHRs." Methods of Information in Medicine 48, no. 02 (2009): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3414/me9213.

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Summary Objective: Currently, the use of natural language processing (NLP) approaches in order to improve search and exploration of electronic health records (EHRs) within healthcare information systems is not a common practice. One reason for this is the lack of suitable lexical resources. Indeed, in order to support such tasks, various types of such resources need to be collected or acquired (i.e., morphological, orthographic, synonymous). Methods: We propose a novel method for the acquisition of synonymy resources. This method is language-independent and relies on existence of structured te

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Sanjaya, Ardi, Ahmad Bagus Setiawan, Umi Mahdiyah, Intan Nur Farida, and Aprisa Risky Prasetyo. "Pengukuran Kemiripan Makna Menggunakan Cosine Similarity dan Basis Data Sinonim Kata." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer 10, no. 4 (2023): 747. http://dx.doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.20241046864.

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<p class="Body">Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan alternatif dalam menguji kemiripan makna antar 2 kalimat. Pembentukan database sinonim kata dilakukan dengan mengelompokkan kata berdasar sinonim atau yang memiliki kesamaan arti. Masing-masing kelompok kata diberikan ID unik. Selanjutnya setiap kelompok kata dipecah untuk diuraikan menjadi kata tunggal, disimpan pada tabel kata dengan melabeli ID kata dan ID sinonim. ID sinonim didasarkan pada ID unik pada tabel sinonim. Dalam pengujian kemiripan makna, masing-masing kalimat akan di urai menjadi kata dan tiap-tiap kata akan dicoc

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Liu, Dilin. "A corpus study of Chinese EFL learners’ use of circumstance, demand, and significant." Journal of Second Language Studies 1, no. 2 (2018): 310–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jsls.00006.liu.

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Abstract This study investigated Chinese EFL learners’ use of circumstance, demand, and significant, three challenging words each being a member in a synonym set: circumstance in the case/circumstance/event/situation set, demand in the ask/demand/request/require set, and significant in the important/meaningful/significant set. Via an expert rating and a close examination of all the uses of the three words in Wen, Wang, and Liang’s (2005) Spoken and Written English Corpus of Chinese Learners, the study has uncovered various inappropriate usages as well as successfully acquired usages involving

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Nurmayana, Nurmayana, and Nazlah Syahaf Nasution. "Lexical Relation used in Newspaper Headline of the Jakarta Post: Jokowi Highlights Tolerance at Cultural Congress Conclusion." SALEE: Study of Applied Linguistics and English Education 4, no. 1 (2022): 19–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.35961/salee.v4i1.535.

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The lexical meaning was the smallest meaning unit in the meaning system of language that could be distinguished from other similar units. A lexeme was an abstract unit that occurred in many different forms of spoken or written sentences. Lexical associations were considered more important in the headline in the newspaper because they formed a semantic relationship and related to the most problematic coherence as open-word in the form of noun and verb since the lexical meaning of the words had the same meaning in the context. This research aimed to examine the use of lexical meaning in the head

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Du, Chunyang. "Celestial objects periphrastic naming and synonym correlation." Neophilology, no. 21 (2020): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-6953-2020-6-21-34-40.

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We consider the ability of language to express identical content by periphrastic means that reflects in the periphrase and synonym ratio. We prove that in the narrow sense periphrastic names cannot be considered as a simple synonymous replacement of the word-nominee, since the meaning of the periphrase is not identical with the meaning of the word-nominee. Periphrasis is more voluminous, wider in its content due to the presence of certain structural components or the presence of associative features. These features focus attention of the linguistic personality and allow allocating a specific d

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Mahbuba, Tofig ghizi Umudova. "Types of Obsolete Words (Archaisms and historicisms)." International Journal of Social Science And Human Research 05, no. 12 (2022): 5897–900. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7476805.

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Obsolete words not used in the dictionary are divided into two groups: archaisms and historicisms. There are certain differences between them. Archaisms included words representing objects, events, processes, and concepts; they can reflect existing and currently defined events and concepts. They are often not related to the language itself, but they can be replaced by more modern tools. The process of emergence of archaisms is called as the process of archaicization. Thus, any archaism can have a synonym in a given language. For example: Grumpish – this word was used around the 1720s. Me

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Smith-Brinton, Marcia, and Rhoda K. Unger. "Ideological Differences in the Construction of Meaning." Imagination, Cognition and Personality 12, no. 4 (1993): 395–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/prp4-7g3w-jyth-cynt.

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Synonym selections for de-contextualized abstract words were analyzed for differences in meaning related to personal ideology. Best and worst synonym choices of fifty-six subjects who tested as either constructionists or positivists on the Attitudes about Reality scale (AAR) were expected to reflect meanings most congruent with each group's views about reality. Constructionists were expected to emphasize meanings consistent with a relational view of reality while positivists were expected to emphasize meanings consistent with an “objectivist” view. Results indicated group differences in synony

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Niyonkuru, Enock, Mauricio Soto Gomez, Elena Casarighi, et al. "Replacing non-biomedical concepts improves embedding of biomedical concepts." PLOS One 20, no. 5 (2025): e0322498. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0322498.

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Embeddings are semantically meaningful representations of words in a vector space, commonly used to enhance downstream machine learning applications. Traditional biomedical embedding techniques often replace all synonymous words representing biological or medical concepts with a unique token, ensuring consistent representation and improving embedding quality. However, the potential impact of replacing non-biomedical concept synonyms has received less attention. Embedding approaches often employ concept replacement to replace concepts that span multiple words, such as non-small-cell lung carcin

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Leeuwenberg, Artuur, Mihaela Vela, Jon Dehdari, and Josef van Genabith. "A Minimally Supervised Approach for Synonym Extraction with Word Embeddings." Prague Bulletin of Mathematical Linguistics 105, no. 1 (2016): 111–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pralin-2016-0006.

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Abstract In this paper we present a novel approach to minimally supervised synonym extraction. The approach is based on the word embeddings and aims at presenting a method for synonym extraction that is extensible to various languages. We report experiments with word vectors trained by using both the continuous bag-of-words model (CBoW) and the skip-gram model (SG) investigating the effects of different settings with respect to the contextual window size, the number of dimensions and the type of word vectors. We analyze the word categories that are (cosine) similar in the vector space, showing

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Abdulhay, Husain. "IRANIAN UNIVERSITY LEARNERS’ ENGLISH VOCABULARY LEARNING USING SYNONYM AND L1 TRANSLATION." Journal of Research on Language Education 4, no. 2 (2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.33365/jorle.v4i2.2840.

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Vocabulary is part and parcel of learning of a second or a foreign language. This study examined the effect of vocabulary learning through translation of English words (Persian equivalents) and the use of English synonym on the retention and retrieval of vocabularies. Static-group comparison design was utilized to scrutinize sixty EFL learners split into two groups. The experimental group was instructed on the memorizing strategies and the control one left alone to memorize words presented in class in a week time span. The experimental group being taught on coding, interim device, and visual i

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Karolita, Devi, and Ade Chandra Saputra. "PENERAPAN METODE TERM FREQUENCY (TF) - INVERS DOCUMENT FREQUENCY (IDF) UNTUK PENCARIAN SINONIM KATA DALAM KAMUS BAHASA DAYAK NGAJU KALIMANTAN TENGAH." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi Jurnal Keilmuan dan Aplikasi Bidang Teknik Informatika 12, no. 1 (2018): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47111/jti.v12i1.519.

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The available Bahasa Dayak Ngaju dictionary only in hardcopy form and only consisted of the list of words andthe meaning of them. The dictionary didn’t provide the synonym of the word we are looking for. If we want toknow the paraphrase of one particular word, we have to do it manually by searching it on all of the list of wordsin the dictionary. Therefore, this research proposed to develope a Dayak Ngaju dictionary that provide wordsynonym search. We use Term Frequency (TF) - Invers Document Frequency (IDF) algorithm that will helpsynonym searching by comparing the term emergence in the meani

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علاوي, إياد صالح. "Words Indicating Perfection and Completion in the Glorious Qur,an a Graphic Study." JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE STUDIES 6, no. 3, 1 (2023): 255–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/jls.6.3.1.19.

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There are many words mentioned in the Glorious Qur'an indicating the perfection and completion, and these two words couped with certain two Ayahs of the Qur'an whichleads to investigate them in order to differentiate their semantic and graphic values. The Arab Linguists defined the perfection as a completion and the completion as perfection and make them as a synonymy. But in the miraaculousness Qur'an Graphic has its own each word semantics and position that it is unique with. In this paper, I have trid to prove that there is no synonym between these words used in the Qur'an and each word ref

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Spielvogel, Joanna H., and Barbara J. Ehren. "Curriculum Vocabulary Learning of Fourth Graders Using the Vocabulary Scenario Technique." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 52, no. 3 (2021): 794–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_lshss-20-00115.

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine if a direct, explicit method of teaching vocabulary with the Vocabulary Scenario Technique – General Education 16 Encounter (VSTGE16) protocol would yield gains in the vocabulary knowledge of fourth grade students in a general education classroom. Two research questions examined whether fourth grade students receiving VST-GE16 instruction with 16 instructor-led encounters per word, eight words taught per week for 90 min a week over 4 weeks demonstrated greater gains on a multiple-choice synonym test and a fill-in-the-blank words-in-context tes

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Kim, Nang-ye. "A Study on the Recognition of Semantic Differences between Loanwords and Synonymous Words: Focusing on the Vocabulary Usage Patterns of Korean University Students." Korean Society of Bilingualism 98 (December 31, 2024): 63–91. https://doi.org/10.17296/korbil.2024..98.63.

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As the number of loanwords is increasing in the use of the Korean language, there are many cases where they are used as synonyms of native words or Chinese characters. There are also many cases where foreign languages are used as they are before being recognized as loanwords. In this process, native words or Chinese characters, loanwords, and foreign words form their own semantic roles and become synonyms. This study, accordingly, aimed at identifying how native Koreans distinguish the differences in the meanings of synonyms involving loanwords or foreign languages, in relation to native words

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Hou, Shuyi. "A Comparative Study of Synonyms Semantic Prosody of Effect, Impact and Influence Based on Corpus." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 6, no. 11 (2023): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2023.6.11.17.

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The development of corpus linguistics and the establishment of different corpora provide effective and reliable evidence for the comparison of synonyms. This paper is going to compare and analyse the characteristics of semantic prosody of effect, impact and influence from register and collocation, with the methodology of quantitative and qualitative. The result shows that there exist discrepancies in using this group of words, that is, effect, impact and influence, which can serve as guidance for the research of synonym comparison.

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Kusumastuti, Risnandari, and Putri Angelina Supriadi. "THE EQUALITY MEANING OF SWEARING WORD IN DAILY CONVERSATION." PROJECT (Professional Journal of English Education) 1, no. 5 (2018): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.22460/project.v1i5.p492-499.

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This article aims to investigate equality meaning or synonym of swearing words in two language are English and Sundanese, other than this research was known the participants about meaning of swearing words in daily conversation. 44 people in one college with random sample technique answered the eleventh question in questioner with their perception of swearing words, and the transcript of daily conversation used to analyze their frequency and understanding about it. The results showed that 80% of participants did not understand with synonym of two language used, but almost in their daily conver

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Denita Giawa. "ANALISIS KESALAHAN PENGGUNAAN KATA DALAM MENULIS PARAGRAF ARGUMENTASI OLEH SISWA." KOHESI : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 5, no. 1 (2024): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.57094/kohesi.v5i1.2260.

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The background to the problem in this research is that there are still errors in choosing words or diction such as denotation, connotation, synonyms, general words and special words in writing argumentative paragraphs. These errors can cause readers to misinterpret the meaning of the argumentation paragraph written by the student. This research aims to describe errors in denotation, connotation, synonyms, general words and special words. The approach used in this research is a descriptive approach. This research data was analyzed in three stages, namely data reduction, verification and conclus

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Crovitz, Darren, and Jessica A. Miller. "Register and Charge: Using Synonym Maps to Explore Connotation." English Journal 97, no. 4 (2008): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/ej20086295.

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To “help students think carefully about specific words and their uses,” Darren Crovitz and Jessica A. Miller conceive a diagram that visually expresses the spaces and ties between words. Students eagerly explore contextual connotations and defend subtle shifts in word meaning, discovering how time, use, and circumstance all influence meaning.

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