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Journal articles on the topic 'Synonymous group'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Zinovieva, E. I., and N. Y. Vu. "Description of Synonyms in Linguodidactics: Integrative Approach (based on the Synonymous Row of Verbs with a Common Meaning ‘do nothing’)." Nauchnyi dialog, no. 6 (June 29, 2020): 44–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2020-6-44-64.

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The article is devoted to the description of a synonymous series of Russian verbs with a dominant idle against the background of the Vietnamese language for further presentation of Russian units in a Vietnamese audience. The approaches to the study of synonymous units traditionally highlighted in Russian linguistics are considered. The relevance of an integrative approach to the analysis of synonyms for linguodidactic purposes is substantiated. The novelty of the study is that such a comprehensive approach allows us to analyze synonyms at the level of the language system, discourse and languag

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2

Gnatiuk, A. "The Contextual Semantic Realization of the Lexical Units "Hesitate, Waver, Vacillate, and Falter" and "Hesitation, Hesitancy"." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics (2017) 4, no. 1 (2017): 47–53. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.824513.

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<strong>Abstract</strong><strong>. </strong>This article is dedicated to the research of synonymous groups for the designation of doubt “Hesitate, Waver, Vacillate, Falter” and “Hesitation, Hesitancy” in contemporary English-language fictional discourse. Doubt is defined as an epistemic state in the cognitive world of individuals which provides motivation to undertake a further quest for information. The purpose of this work is to investigate how the set of semes identified in each component of the synonymous group is presented in the context of modern English fictional discourse. This researc

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3

Nasminchuk, Iryna. "Lexical and phraselogical synonyms for the emotion of fear in the prose by Maria Matios." IVAN OHIIENKO AND CONTEMPORARY SCIENCE AND EDUCATION 20 (December 25, 2023): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32626/2309-7086.2023-20.105-114.

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In the article, based on the study of the language of the prose works by Maria Matios, synonymous series are selected to indicate the emotion of fear. Fear as an emotion and as an existential aspect of being determines the problematic and poetics of the writer’s small (novelistic collection «Nation») and large («SweetDarusya», «Almost never the other way around», «Moskalytsia», «Bukova zemlia») prose of the writer, mainly addressed to the tur-bulent periods in the history of Ukraine. The creative idea of the writer to understand the existence of the nation in the fl ow of history determined th

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Aliyev, A. "Lexical-Semantic and Stylistic Shadeness of Poetic Synonyms." Bulletin of Science and Practice 10, no. 6 (2024): 744–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/103/92.

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Synonyms, as a rule, are distinguished by their unique qualities from other lexical units from the lexical-semantic point of view in the language. So, mainly two aspects attract more attention in this group of words. First, they are close in meaning. Some linguists even call them synonymous, depending on the meaning of the synonym word. On the other hand, synonymy is the diversity of words in terms of form. In addition to the common aspects of synonyms and their main features such as their capacity, processing in a wide aspect, gaining richness, creating comparison, elimination of repetition,

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Costin, Viorica. "The lexical paradigm and synonymous series in medical terminology." Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Seria Ştiinţe Umanistice, no. 4(174) (October 2023): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.59295/sum4(174)2023_12.

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Gradualness and inclusiveness, the main features of the lexical system, underlie the formation of synonymous, thematic, lexical-semantic paradigms etc. The establishment of pragmatic relations is subjective and is focused on the capacities of selection and substitutions. The purpose of our paper is to reveal the role of synonymous series in structuring the language semantic dimension through the organic exteriorization of the semantic aspects of similarity at the level of lexemes in medical terminology. We also pay special attention to the difference between the lexical-semantic group and the

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Beketova, I. V., A. A. Gerasimenko, V. I. Goremychkin, A. M. Khudyakov, and N. B. Bogush. "THE USE OF A DICTIONARY OF SYNONYMS FOR NAMES COMPONENTS IN INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS." Vestnik komp'iuternykh i informatsionnykh tekhnologii, no. 239 (May 2024): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/vkit.2024.05.pp.003-013.

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This dictionary-thesaurus of synonymous nominal components is an ordered controlled dictionary, structured into groups in such a way that each group consists of synonymous nominal components. A dictionary of synonymous nominal components as a structural component of the semantic model, on the basis of which an extended search query is formed, allows for a compact presentation of data and completeness of information retrieval.

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Lehad, Arezki, Ilhem Selmi, Meriem Louanchi, Mouni Aitouada, and Naima Mahfoudhi. "Survey and Genetic Diversity of Grapevine Leafroll Associated Virus 2 in Algeria." International Journal of Phytopathology 4, no. 1 (2015): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/phytopath.004.01.1074.

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Vineyards in western and center regions of Algeria were surveyed for the Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 (GLRaV-2). Analyses by DAS-ELISA and Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) reveal 15, 8% prevalence. The genetic diversity of the GLRaV-2 population was studied by phylogenetic analyses of the HSP70h gene region of seven samples sequenced in this study and other sequences downloaded from GenBank. Results reveal segregation of the GLRav-2 population into six distinct groups. An estimation of the ratio of non-synonymous substitutions per non-synonymous site to synonym

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Klymenko, Nataliia. "Synonymy of general names of clothing in Ukrainian eastern steppe colloquialisms." Linguistics, no. 1 (47) (2023): 33–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/2227-2631-2023-1-47-33-48.

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The article focuses on the peculiarities of lexical synonymy in Eastern steppe dialects based on the material of one lexical-semantic group – common names of clothes. The source of the research is factual material recorded from dialect speakers of different age categories at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st centuries in the dialects of the settlements of Donetsk region. Lexical doubletness (or absolute synonyms) is defined as the most common type of synonymous relations in the segment of dialect vocabulary under analysis. The reasons for the functioning of a significant number of

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Newaz, Khalique, Gabriel Wright, Jacob Piland, et al. "Network analysis of synonymous codon usage." Bioinformatics 36, no. 19 (2020): 4876–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa603.

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Abstract Motivation Most amino acids are encoded by multiple synonymous codons, some of which are used more rarely than others. Analyses of positions of such rare codons in protein sequences revealed that rare codons can impact co-translational protein folding and that positions of some rare codons are evolutionarily conserved. Analyses of their positions in protein 3-dimensional structures, which are richer in biochemical information than sequences alone, might further explain the role of rare codons in protein folding. Results We model protein structures as networks and use network centralit

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Soldatov, Boris, and Natalya Soldatova. "On the issue of synonymic definitions acceptability in English monolingual lexicography." SHS Web of Conferences 70 (2019): 04004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20197004004.

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The purpose of the present article was to examine the advantages and disadvantages of using synonymous words to define the meaning of a headword in English monolingual lexicography. The topicality of the study lies in the fact that, despite different opinions on the feasibility of this definition method, the latter has been widely used in English dictionaries for several centuries and is currently used. The authors proceeded from the Russian linguists’ point of view, treating synonyms not as equivalent words, but as lexical units belonging to the same thematic group and so similar in meaning t

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Гнатюк, Алла. "The Contextual Semantic Realization of the Lexical Units Hesitate, Waver, Vacillate, Falter vs. Hesitation, Hesitancy." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 4, no. 1 (2017): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2017.4.1.gna.

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This article is dedicated to the research of synonymous groups for the designation of doubt “Hesitate, Waver, Vacillate, Falter” and “Hesitation, Hesitancy” in contemporary English-language fictional discourse. Doubt is defined as an epistemic state in the cognitive world of individuals which provides motivation to undertake a further quest for information. The purpose of this work is to investigate how the set of semes identified in each component of the synonymous group is presented in the context of modern English fictional discourse. This research is directed towards verifying whether the

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Vasetska, Oksana. "Notional Synonymy in Ukrainian Syntactic Terminology." Terminological Bulletin, no. 5 (2019): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.37919/2221-8807-2019-5-8.

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The article reveals a section of terminological units of the variology, the analysis is given in specialized dictionaries and reference books in linguistics, i.e. it deals with the status of synonyms and variants in general variance theory, in particular, synonymy is recognised as a semantic variation and traditional variation is declared as a formal expression of a broader category of variability. The common phenomenon of describing a concept by several names is variability. It distinguishes into synonymy and doubling by such criterion as the interchangeability of terms in contexts. The way t

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Дьякова, В. И., and Д. Н. Гальцова. "PRINCIPLES OF NOMINATING SYNONYMOUS CORRESPONDENCES IN THE THEMATIC GROUP "METEOROLOGICAL VOCABULARY" (ON THE EXAMPLE OF VORONEZH DIALECTS)." Актуальные вопросы современной филологии и журналистики, no. 2(41) (July 28, 2021): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/aqmpj.2021.13.38.006.

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В статье рассматриваются принципы номинации синонимических соответствий в составе метеорологической лексики воронежских говоров. Данная тематическая группа на материале указанной диалектной макросистемы ранее не была изучена специально, что говорит о необходимости исследования этого пласта лексики. В работе анализируются собранные авторами лексические единицы, строятся пары и ряды синонимических соответствий, проводится их систематизация, выделяются лексико-семантические группы, выявляются мотивировочные признаки и принципы номинации каждого слова в синонимическом ряду. Методами исследования я

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Грдзелян, Рузан. "Лексикографический анализ русских и армянских синонимических рядов с семантическим компонентом ‘высокий’". Bulletin of Yerevan University H: Russian Philology 10, № 1 (24) (2024): 19–28. https://doi.org/10.46991/bysu.h/2024.10.1.019.

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The article is devoted to a comparative typological analysis of synonymous series with the semantic component ‘high’ in the Russian and Armenian languages. Such an analysis helps to identify deep meaning-generating processes that influence the semantic organization of synonymous series, as well as to describe the linguocultural and lexico-typological features of two Indo-European languages - Russian and Armenian. Research methods such as lexicographic analysis of synonymous series and application of dictionary entries of dominant lexemes make it possible to identify semantic components and s

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de Coulgeans, Cécile Durousseau, Monique Silvy, Gregory Halverson, Jacques Chiaroni, Pascal Bailly, and Sylvie Chapel-Fernandes. "Synonymous nucleotide polymorphisms influence Dombrock blood group protein expression in K562 cells." British Journal of Haematology 164, no. 1 (2013): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bjh.12597.

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16

Байтокова, А., Э. Кайдылдаева, and А. Бейшембиева. "IMPORTANTS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE SYNONYMS." Vestnik Bishkek Humanities University, no. 56-57 (June 15, 2021): 103–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.35254/bhu.2021.56.57.103.

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Role of synonymous in English language and their using in English language are important. Synonyms are one of the most important indicators of the richness of any language. Their abundance in the language allows us to reflect various colors, stylistic shades, both in the field of specific knowledge and in the sphere of abstract concepts. The unclosed synonymous series is the path of the natural development of the language. Synonymy research work is most often carried out in fragments in a separate linguistic field Synonyms are a widespread phenomenon in almost every language. The choice of the

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Bowden, Stephen. "The Warehouse Group: Entry into Australia." Journal of Management & Organization 9, no. 2 (2003): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200004806.

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ABSTRACTThe Warehouse has been a company synonymous with growth and success in New Zealand since Stephen Tindall founded the company in 1982. By 1999, The Warehouse had become the largest retailer in New Zealand and had continued to steam ahead since. In early 2001, incoming CEO Greg Muir faced a real challenge in transferring that success across the Tasman into Australia. In August 2000, The Warehouse had acquired the Clint's Crazy Bargains/Silly Solly's chain of 115 discount variety stores in Australia. Could The Warehouse implement their format in Australia and would it be as successful as

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Bowden, Stephen. "The Warehouse Group: Entry into Australia." Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management 9, no. 2 (2003): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2003.9.2.58.

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ABSTRACTThe Warehouse has been a company synonymous with growth and success in New Zealand since Stephen Tindall founded the company in 1982. By 1999, The Warehouse had become the largest retailer in New Zealand and had continued to steam ahead since. In early 2001, incoming CEO Greg Muir faced a real challenge in transferring that success across the Tasman into Australia. In August 2000, The Warehouse had acquired the Clint's Crazy Bargains/Silly Solly's chain of 115 discount variety stores in Australia. Could The Warehouse implement their format in Australia and would it be as successful as

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Jumabaev, Bakhram. ""SYNONYMOUS WORDS IN THE EPIC "YUSUP-ZILIYXA"." Multidisciplinary Journal of Science and Technology 4, no. 10 (2024): 376–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14034078.

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When we evaluate the words in the vocabulary of the Karakalpak language from the point of view of meaning, the group of words whose meanings are close to each other occupies a certain place. Synonyms, of course, differ from each other in terms of the refinement of the additional meaning, emotional and expressive coloring, scope of application and other properties, which show that such properties present in them show that synonyms have very great stylistic possibilities. Since synonyms can indicate the most powerful, even imperceptible, subtle features of objects and events, subjective attitude

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Pederneiras, Leandro C., Henrique B. Zamengo, Diego Alejandro Zapata-C, Nicole Mitidieri-Rivera, Sergio Romaniuc-Neto, and Vidal de F. Mansano. "Ficus subgen. Spherosuke sect. Americanae ser. Dugandii (Moraceae): A Curved Ostiolar Margin Group of Neotropical Fig Trees." Systematic Botany 48, no. 2 (2023): 263–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1600/036364423x16847773873215.

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Abstract— This work presents the new taxon Ficus series Dugandii characterized by the syconium ostiolar margin with wall curved to the outer side of the syconium, forming a short apical tube, irregularly rounded to triangular. For this study, field trips were carried out and collections of herbarium specimens, types, and protologues were analyzed. The series has 15 species with 50 synonyms proposed here, distributed from Mexico and the Antilles to southeastern Brazil. Names like F. llanensis, F. llewelynii, and F. mitrophora, previously synonymous, are considered correct species names. Lectoty

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N., Rajakumari, and Sivakumar S. "ENUMERATIONS OF MAXIMAL CHAINS AND FLAGS OVER FUZZY GROUP STRUCTURES." International Journal of Applied and Advanced Scientific Research 3, no. 1 (2018): 78–83. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1165262.

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In this paper, we introduce the new term synonymous to a series, namely a flag. We amongst other things, fix some terminology includes flags, maximal chains, pinned flags and various other terms with respect to  finite abelian groups. We also explained how a pinned flag determines a fuzzy group or alternatively how a maximal chains determines a pinned flags. Enumeration of maximal chains of finite abelian groups and some related properties are discussed.

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Ngandu, Nobubelo K., Konrad Scheffler, Penny Moore, Zenda Woodman, Darren Martin, and Cathal Seoighe. "Extensive purifying selection acting on synonymous sites in HIV-1 Group M sequences." Virology Journal 5, no. 1 (2008): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-422x-5-160.

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Sattarova, Zera M. "Lexical-semantic group “War and Weapon” in the Crimean Tatar language." Crimean Historical Review 12, no. 1 (2025): 143–54. https://doi.org/10.22378/kio.2025.1.143-154.

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The military lexicon was already formed in the common Turkic period and covers almost all spheres of military affairs. This lexicon consists of common Turkic, common Altaic and borrowed words. The article comprehensively examines in synchronic and diachronic aspects the lexical-semantic group «war and weapons» of the Crimean Tatar language. By means of comparative analysis, the common Altaic, common Turkic, native and borrowed strata of the lexicon are revealed. It confirms that most of them, with changing social conditions, are forgotten and turn into archaisms and historicisms. In this regar

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R.B, Binisha, Jeyakumar Natarajan, and Shanmughavel Piramanayagam. "A REVIEW ON COMPUTATIONAL APPROACHES FOR IDENTIFYING NON-SYNONYMOUS MUTATION AND DNA METHYLATION IN CANCER." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 07, no. 11 (2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem26707.

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Cancer is a complex disease where, genetic and epigenetic changes plays a major role. Non- synonymous mutations and DNA methylation are important factors in cancer starts and development. Non- synonymous mutations are genetic changes that cause amino acid substitutions within proteins, which frequently result in defective or carcinogenic products. DNA methylation, on the other hand, is the addition of a methyl group to cytosine residues, which affects gene expression and contributes to cancer. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and designing targeted therapeutics require identifying these

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LUANGSUPHABOOL, Theerapat, Jittra PIAPUKIEW, Sittiporn PARNMEN, Matthew P. NELSEN, H. Thorsten LUMBSCH, and Ek SANGVICHIEN. "Diversity of the Trypethelium eluteriae group in Thailand (Ascomycota, Trypetheliales)." Lichenologist 48, no. 1 (2016): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282915000444.

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AbstractThe diversity of the Trypethelium eluteriae group in Thailand was studied using molecular (ITS and mtSSU rDNA sequences), morphological, and chemical data. Three species were recognized, T. eluteriae, T. platystomum, and T. subeluteriae, with the latter two being new records for Thailand. The separation of the three species, which have sometimes been regarded as synonymous, is supported by molecular and phenotypic characters. The chemical profiles of the three species are distinct, while ascospore size, often used to distinguish species in the group, shows some overlap.

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Yao, Huipeng, Mengyu Chen, and Zizhong Tang. "Analysis of Synonymous Codon Usage Bias in Flaviviridae Virus." BioMed Research International 2019 (June 27, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5857285.

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Background. Flaviviridae viruses are single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses, which threat human constantly mediated by mosquitoes, ticks, and sandflies. Considering the recent increase in the prevalence of the family virus and its risk potential, we investigated the codon usage pattern to understand its evolutionary processes and provide some useful data to develop the medications for most of Flaviviridae viruses. Results. The overall extent of codon usage bias in 65 Flaviviridae viruses is low with the average value of GC contents being 50.5% and the highest value being 55.9%; the lowest

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Ермаков, С. А. "On the issue of antonymy in a lexical-semantic group with graded semantics (based on the English language)." Cherepovets State University Bulletin, no. 5(116) (October 13, 2023): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.23859/1994-0637-2023-5-116-8.

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Данная статья выполнена в рамках научно-теоретической школы профессора З. Д. Поповой и продолжает развитие ее идей в области описания лексической семантики и группировок слов. Анализ антонимических оппозиций лексических единиц проводится на основе семного описания значений слов и их последующего сопоставления на уровне микрокомпонентов лексического значения. В основе корреляции антонимических парадигм исследуемой лексико-семантической группы лежат семантические различия лексических единиц по степени проявления градуального семантического признака. This article is written within the framework o

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Li, Zhaocai, Wen Hu, Xiaoan Cao, Ping Liu, Youjun Shang, and Jizhang Zhou. "Synonymous Codon Usages as an Evolutionary Dynamic for Chlamydiaceae." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 12 (2018): 4010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19124010.

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The family of Chlamydiaceae contains a group of obligate intracellular bacteria that can infect a wide range of hosts. The evolutionary trend of members in this family is a hot topic, which benefits our understanding of the cross-infection of these pathogens. In this study, 14 whole genomes of 12 Chlamydia species were used to investigate the nucleotide, codon, and amino acid usage bias by synonymous codon usage value and information entropy method. The results showed that all the studied Chlamydia spp. had A/T rich genes with over-represented A or T at the third positions and G or C under-rep

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Delprete, Piero G., and Claes Persson. "Octavia sessiliflora DC. and Mussaenda glomerulata Lam. ex Poir., two obscure taxa from French Guiana synonymous with members of the Alibertia group (Rubiaceae, Gardenieae)." Adansonia 34, no. 2 (2012): 353–63. https://doi.org/10.5252/a2012n2a9.

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Delprete, Piero G., Persson, Claes (2012): Octavia sessiliflora DC. and Mussaenda glomerulata Lam. ex Poir., two obscure taxa from French Guiana synonymous with members of the Alibertia group (Rubiaceae, Gardenieae). Adansonia (3) 34 (2): 353-363, DOI: 10.5252/a2012n2a9, URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/a2012n2a9

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Walker, Stephen. "The field and the table: Rosalind Krauss's ‘expanded field’ and the Anarchitecture group." Architectural Research Quarterly 15, no. 4 (2011): 347–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135512000115.

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The Anarchitecture group emerged in the early 1970s in New York. Although it has become somewhat synonymous with the work of Gordon Matta-Clark, it had a broad membership of equally significant artists, including Laurie Anderson, Tina Girouard, Carol Goodden, Suzanne Harris, Jene Highstein, Bernard Kirschenbaun, Richard Landry and Richard Nonas among others. Philip Ursprung's recent catalogue essay sets out some of the complexities that accompany any attempt to understand the group's internal dynamic, and the problematic conflation of its collective activities to the work, or at least to the i

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Akhmetbek, G., and A. Zhenіs. "FEATURES OF SYNONYMS IN RELATION TO PREPOSITIONS IN CHINESE." Bulletin of the Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda University 58, no. 3 (2021): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.52081/bkaku.2021.v58.i3.085.

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Vocabulary in any language is a complex system. Groups of words with synonymous relationship are known as synonyms. A language with a long history has rich vocabulary. Chinese is extremely rich in synonyms because of historical reasons. Each group of synonyms has the same or very close basic meaning. That’s the basis of forming synonyms. The discrimination of synonyms plays an important role in communication and expression of ideas. It can improve one’s language ability such as reading, writing and speaking. It can have different expressions of objective things and avoid repetition of the same

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Sundberg, Frederick A. "Redescription of Alokistocare subcoronatum (Hall and Whitfield, 1877), the type species of Alokistocare, and the status of Alokistocaridae Resser, 1939B (Ptychopariida: Trilobita, Middle Cambrian)." Journal of Paleontology 73, no. 6 (1999): 1126–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000031024.

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Alokistocare subcoronatum (Hall and Whitfield, 1877) is the type species of Alokistocare Lorenz, 1906, the nominal genus for the diverse Middle Cambrian Alokistocaridae Resser, 1939b. New collections from the Ehmaniella Biozone contain cranidia, librigenae, hypostomes, rostral plates, thoracic segments, and pygidia, which allow a more complete understanding of the morphological range and character of this important species.Cladistic analyses using this new information about A. subcoronatum suggest that: 1) Ehmaniellidae Sundberg, 1994, is synonymous with Alokistocaridae; 2) Alokistocaridae is

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Tripp, R. P. "Review of the trilobites from the Middle Ordovician Barr Group, Girvan district, Scotland." Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 84, no. 2 (1993): 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263593300003424.

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AbstractCollections from the Barr Group (late Llanvirn to early Caradoc) of the Girvan district are described and occurrences of all trilobites from both the Barr and Albany groups are listed and their frequencies recorded. The close relationships with North American faunas are emphasised, and three Girvan and North American species are considered synonymous. One new species is described, Bevanopsis phyllisae. Pandaspinapyga is considered a junior subjective synonym of Acanthoparypha. The possibility that Alwynulus may be an aberrant staurocephalid is discussed.Growth stages of several genera

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Kiselev, Konstantin V., Zlata V. Ogneva, Alexandra S. Dubrovina, Ademi Zh Gabdola, Gulmira Zh Khassanova, and Satyvaldy A. Jatayev. "Study of CaDreb2c and CaDreb2h Gene Sequences and Expression in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Cultivars Growing in Northern Kazakhstan under Drought." Plants 13, no. 15 (2024): 2066. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13152066.

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Drought poses a significant challenge to plant growth and productivity, particularly in arid regions like northern Kazakhstan. Dehydration-responsive element-binding (DREB) transcription factors play an important role in plant response to drought and other abiotic stresses. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the DREB subfamily consists of six groups, designated DREB1 to DREB6. Among these, DREB2 is primarily associated with drought and salinity tolerance. In the chickpea genome, two DREB genes, CaDREB2c and CaDREB2h, have been identified, exhibiting high sequence similarity to Arabidopsis DREB2 genes. W

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ДОЛИНСЬКИЙ, Є. В. "АНГЛОМОВНІ ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЧНІ ДІЄСЛОВА ПСИХІЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ: ЛЕКСИКО-СЕМАНТИЧНИЙ ТА ПЕРЕКЛАДАЦЬКИЙ АСПЕКТИ". Current issues of linguistics and translation studies 28 (30 серпня 2023): 11–17. https://doi.org/10.31891/2415-7929-2023-28-2.

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A group of words with an emotional meaning stands out in the vocabulary of the English language. Analyzing the verbs of the English language, it is important to consider their semantic and functional properties and divide them into two broad groups: verbs that name physical activity and verbs that name mental activity. Such verbs have denotative semantic characteristics: laughter, sadness, anxiety, joy. External manifestations of feelings reflect certain verbs, for example: laugh, cry, smile, and frown. Such verbs are treated differently in the linguistic literature. Some qualify these lexemes

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Cho, Whanhee, and Anna Fariha. "Utopia: Automatic Pivot Table Assistant." Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment 17, no. 12 (2024): 4305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14778/3685800.3685861.

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Data summarization is required to comprehend large datasets, and aggregations are effective ways to summarize data. A pivot table is a mechanism to aggregate numerical attributes grouped by categorical attributes and spreadsheet pivot tables are particularly suitable for novices, where they can rearrange, group, and aggregate data using intuitive interfaces. However, real-world spreadsheet data is often disorganized, with attributes having multiple values and synonymous variants. For instance, in the IMDb data, multiple genres are stored as a comma-separated value ("Action, Comedy, Drama") and

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Hatcher, Simon, Ruth Sims, and David Thompson. "The Effects of Chronic Lithium Treatment on Psychomotor Performance Related to Driving." British Journal of Psychiatry 157, no. 2 (1990): 275–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.157.2.275.

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A group of 16 psychiatric out-patients in remission, who had been taking lithium carbonate as their sole medication for at least three months, were compared with a control group of 22 healthy volunteers. On a computerised driving simulator which produced measures of reaction time, tracking ability and mistakes made, the patient group had a significantly slower reaction time. Patients should be warned therefore that lithium may affect their ability to drive or operate machinery and that psychomotor impairment and sedation are not synonymous.

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Hudson, Grover. "Ethnic Group and Mother Tongue in the Ethiopian Censuses of 1994 and 2007." Aethiopica 15 (December 4, 2013): 204–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15460/aethiopica.15.1.666.

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Results for ethnic groups and mother tongues of the 1994 and 2007 Ethiopian census are presented and compared. There are ethnic groups without mother tongues and mother tongues without ethnic groups. Names of ethnic groups and mother tongues differ in the two censuses, and only some of the differences are explained as synonymous names. Some of the differences remain unexplained, and some of the names are unidentified. In one case, Səlṭi, the census seems to have attributed its speakers to another, unrecognized group. The census reports 38 % total Ethiopian population growth from 1994 to 2007,

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Tanaka, Yasuhito, Kousuke Hanada, Hideji Hanabusa, Fuat Kurbanov, Takashi Gojobori, and Masashi Mizokami. "Increasing genetic diversity of hepatitis C virus in haemophiliacs with human immunodeficiency virus coinfection." Journal of General Virology 88, no. 9 (2007): 2513–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.82974-0.

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Patients with inherited bleeding disorders who received clotting factor concentrates before 1987 have high rates of hepatitis C virus (HCV) or HCV/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. To determine whether the persistent nature of HIV affects the genetic diversity of HCV by less selective pressure through the immunosuppression of HIV/HCV-coinfected patients, both the change of genetic diversity and selective pressure were examined in the HCV envelope genes (E1 and E2) of 325 genotype 1a subclones from eight HIV-positive and five HIV-negative patients with two time points (more than 6 y

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Wang, Yan-Mei, Chi-Ying Zhang, Si-Te Luo, Guo-Hua Ding, and Fen Qiao. "Characterization and Comparison of the Two Mitochondrial Genomes in the Genus Rana." Genes 14, no. 9 (2023): 1786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14091786.

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The mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) possesses several invaluable attributes, including limited recombination, maternal inheritance, a fast evolutionary rate, compact size, and relatively conserved gene arrangement, all of which make it particularly useful for applications in phylogenetic reconstruction, population genetics, and evolutionary research. In this study, we aimed to determine the complete mitogenomes of two morphologically similar Rana species (Rana hanluica and Rana longicrus) using next-generation sequencing. The entire circular mitogenome was successfully identified, with a len

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Flageul, Alexandre, Chantal Allée, Céline Courtillon, et al. "Infectious Bronchitis Coronavirus: Genome Evolution in Vaccinated and Non-Vaccinated SPF Chickens." Viruses 14, no. 7 (2022): 1392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14071392.

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Infectious Bronchitis virus (IBV) continues to cause significant economic losses for the chicken industry despite the use of many live IBV vaccines around the world. Several authors have suggested that vaccine-induced partial protection may contribute to the emergence of new IBV strains. In order to study this hypothesis, three passages of a challenge IBV were made in SPF chickens sham inoculated or vaccinated at day of age using a live vaccine heterologous to the challenge virus. All birds that were challenged with vaccine heterologous virus were positive for viral RNA. NGS analysis of viral

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Ho, Phoenix A., Todd A. Alonzo, Kenneth J. Kopecky, et al. "Prognostic Implications of the IDH1 synonymous SNP rs11554137 In Pediatric and Adult AML: a Children's Oncology Group and Southwest Oncology Group Study." Blood 116, no. 21 (2010): 2737. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.2737.2737.

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Abstract Abstract 2737 Synonymous SNPs may directly impact gene function through various translational or post-translational mechanisms. Further, such “silent” SNPs in the mutational hotspots of AML-associated genes have recently been reported to carry prognostic impact. We aimed to determine the prevalence, clinical associations, and prognostic significance of a known SNP in exon 4 of IDH1, near the location of the frequently-mutated R132 codon. Diagnostic marrow specimens from 253 pediatric AML patients (treated on the COG trial AAML03P1) and 274 adult AML patients (treated on SWOG trials S9

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Narechania, Apurva, Masanori Terai, and Robert D. Burk. "Overlapping reading frames in closely related human papillomaviruses result in modular rates of selection within E2." Journal of General Virology 86, no. 5 (2005): 1307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.80747-0.

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A core group of four open reading frames (ORFs) is present in all known papillomaviruses (PVs): the E1 and E2 replication/transcription proteins and the L1 and L2 structural proteins. Because they are involved in processes that are essential to PV propagation, the sequences of these proteins are well-conserved. However, sequencing of novel subtypes for human papillomaviruses (HPV) 54 (AE9) and 82 (AE2/IS39), coupled to analysis of four other closely related genital HPV pairs, indicated that E2 has a higher dN/dS ratio than E1, L1 or L2. The elevated ratio is not homogeneous across the length o

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Satia, Meena N., Vibha More, and Manali P. Shilotri. "Successful management of a young patient with yolk sac tumour." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, no. 1 (2016): 323. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20164687.

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Yolk sac tumours, synonymous with endodermal sinus tumours, are rare, malignant germ cell neoplasms occurring usually in gonads. Yolk sac tumours are more commonly seen in patients of early age group, the median age being 18 years. We report a case of a yolk sac tumour of the ovary in a 21 year old female, managed by surgery and chemotherapy.

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TAYLOR, M. L., S. D. CAIRNS, D. J. AGNEW, and A. D. ROGERS. "A revision of the genus Thouarella Gray, 1870 (Octocorallia: Primnoidae), including an illustrated dichotomous key, a new species description, and comments on Plumarella Gray, 1870 and Dasystenella, Versluys, 1906." Zootaxa 3602, no. 1 (2013): 1–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3602.1.1.

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A comprehensive revision of the genus Thouarella is presented. Thirty-five holotypes of the 38 nominal Thouarella species, two varieties, and one form were examined. The number of original Thouarella species has been reduced to 25, mostly through synonymy or new genus combinations. In the process several new species have also been identified, one of which is described here as Thouarella parachilensis nov. sp. The genus is split into two groups based on polyp arrangement: Group 1 with isolated polyps and Group 2 with polyps in pairs or whorls. An illustrated dichotomous key and detailed charact

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Martín, Susana, María Laura García, Antonella Troisi, et al. "Genetic variation of populations of Citrus psorosis virus." Journal of General Virology 87, no. 10 (2006): 3097–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.81742-0.

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Citrus psorosis virus (CPsV), the type species of genus Ophiovirus, has a segmented, negative-stranded RNA genome. We examined the population structure and genetic variation of CPsV in three coding regions located in RNAs 1, 2 and 3, analysing 22 isolates from Argentina, California, Florida, Italy and Spain. Most isolates contained a predominant sequence and some minor variants. Estimations of the genetic diversity and phylogenetic clustering of isolates disclosed two populations, one comprising isolates from Spain, Italy, Florida and California and the other including the Argentinean isolates

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Warner, Brook G., Peter Tsai, Allen G. Rodrigo, et al. "Evidence for reduced selection pressure on the hepatitis B virus core gene in hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B." Journal of General Virology 92, no. 8 (2011): 1800–1808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.030478-0.

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The mechanisms underlying the high levels of hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication that cause hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis B (e−CHB) are unknown. Impaired anti-HBV immunity, which may be measurable as a relaxation of selection pressure on the virus, is possible. A group of Tongans (n = 345) with a chronic HBV infection, including seven with e−CHB, were genotyped at HLA class I. The repertoire of HBV core-gene codons under positive selection pressure was defined by phylogenetic analysis (by using the paml program) of 708 cloned sequences extracted from the 67 of these

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Chowdappa, P. "Molecular Characterization of Phytophthora nicotianae Associated with Diseases of Horticultural Crops by RFLP of PCR Internal Transcribed Spacer Region of Ribosomal DNA and AFLP Fingerprints." Journal of Horticultural Sciences 2, no. 1 (2007): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v2i1.640.

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Molecular characterization of Phytophthora isolates from tobacco, tomato, carnation, gerbera, crossandra and periwinkle was carried out using internal transcribed spacer(ITS) regions of rDNA gene repeat and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). All the isolates of Phytophthora were identical in morphology and ITSRFLP patterns, indicating P. nicotianae and P. parasitica are synonymous. However, based on AFLP, four sub groups were evident within population of P. nicotianae (P. parasitica): Group I, includes isolates from tomato, tobacco and periwinkle. Isolates from carnation represents

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Asst. lect. Zaid Tareq Ahmed Al-Ta’ai. "Lexical Knowledge and Its Effects on Language Proficiency: A Synonymous Study." مداد الآداب 14, no. 35 (2024): 1757–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.58564/ma.v14i35.1381.

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Previous studies have proved that there is a strong connection between a language learner's vocabulary knowledge and their linguistic ability. It is believed that knowing one sense of a word is not sufficient, especially for academic learners and it is considered to be some sort of lacking lexical knowledge since learners cannot express their ideas/ thoughts using different style. Thus, investigating the size and depth of known words that learners obtained during their study period in Iraqi universities is a significant issue to predict their abilities in using the target language. The aim is

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Ivanov, N. V. "Fuel and Energy complex: digital transformation." Upravlenie kachestvom (Quality management), no. 2 (January 15, 2023): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/pro-01-2302-06.

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Digital transformation has affected every sector of the Russian economy. Digitalization has become synonymous with the competitiveness of enterprises. How the process of digitization of the fuel and energy complex of the country is going on today and how long it will take to complete the process of digitalization of the fuel and energy complex in our country," said Stepan Vorobyov, project manager of the SiSoft Group of Companies.

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