Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Synthèse à l'état solide'
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Gantillon, Barbara. "Préparation du poly(éthylène téréphtalate) à l'état solide en milieu dispersé." Lyon 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LYO10272.
Full textHanouneh, Ahmad. "Synthèse asymétrique d'amines en phase solide." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20211.
Full textGrigorova, Veneta. "Analyse thermodynamique de la synthèse des matériaux inorganiques." Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT2043.
Full textIn the present dissertation we developed a methods for a thermodynamical analysis and control of a synthesis of new materials in a solid state. We based it on the abilities of the irreversible processes thermodynamics and on the experimental analysis techniques (such as DSC-TG, XRD, SEM, etc. ). We applied that methods to two kinds of problems with a practical application: i) the LiCoPO4 synthesis; and ii) the PdSe2, PdTe2 and PtTe2 phase transitions under high pressure. Thanks to our study we prepared a pure LiCoPO4 with average particle size of 0. 5µm. Moreover, we got the ability to prognosticate its particle size, obtained in a random thermal regime. Concerning the second problem we found the phase transition order under high pressure of the PdSe2, the PdTe2 and the PtTe2: first order one and no phase transition respectively. We also explored the phases stabilities in respect of pressure and temperature
Paci, Benjamin. "Synthèse et caractérisation de polyimides semi-aromatiques obtenus par polymérisation à l'état solide de sel." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAL0137.
Full textPolyimides are known as high performance polymers, they are used in harsh environments (high temperatures, high pressure, …). They also have low processibility. The most used industrial synthesis process is using poly(amic acid) as reaction intermediate. This process requires high prices solvents that are harmful for human being and environment such as n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and cresol. Semi-aromatic polyimides have lower characteristic temperatures and can thus be processed easily. A new way of synthesis based on salt polymerisation can be used to synthesize polyimides (aromatic or not), this process only needs simple solvents such as water or ethanol. Numerous researches have been made on this subject in the past 50 years. To our knowledge, this technique is not used at industrial scale. The goal of this work is to synthetize semi-aromatic polyimides using solid-state salt polymerisation. A preliminary examination on low weight molecules allowed us to highlight critical parameters on every step of reactions and thermal behaviour. Both salification and polymerization protocols are been made with the view to synthetize 3 soluble polyimides. This solubility allowed us to characterize our polymers and to enhance polymerization control. Those characterizations provided us answers on salification and polymerization mechanisms. Two molar mass control techniques have then been compared in terms of industrialization and efficiency. At the end, polymers have been synthetized, processed and then characterized in physic-chemical and mechanical ways
Duribreux, Isabelle. "Synthèse et étude structurale de nouveaux molybdates et vanadates d'uranyle et de cations monovalents." Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10065.
Full textCoustel, Nicole. "Le polyacétylène orienté : synthèse, corrélation des propriétés électroniques et structurales du système [(CH)Ky]x." Montpellier 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20115.
Full textYaakoub, Mfeddel. "Synthèse et caractérisation d'oxo-carboxylates de titane (IV) par diffraction des RX et RMN en solution ou à l'état solide." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2008/YAAKOUB_Mfeddel_2008.pdf.
Full textThis PhD thesis is devoted to a structural study of some titanium(IV) oxocarboxylate species synthesized by reacting titanium(IV) alkoxides with various carboxylic acids. The manuscript is made of three parts describing results obtained with saturated, unsaturated and halogenated carboxylic acids respectively. A new nomenclature is proposed allowing to classify with logic and rigor all the structures described both in literature and in this thesis. All the reported new compounds (a grand total of 27) were characterized through single-crystal X-ray diffraction and structurally described. Another major improvement was to perform in each case a detailed NMR study involving a wide range of techniques : solution NMR (1H and 13C), solid-sate NMR with cross-polarization and magic angle spinning (13C CP-MAS) as well 2D spectroscopies such as 1H DOSY and 1H-1H COSY. It was thus possible to check the stability or instability of the structures observed in the solid state after dissolution of crytalline species in CDCl3
Kerric, Gaëlle. "Synthèse et caractérisation de nouveaux organostanniques sur support solide : utilisation en synthèse organique." Nantes, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NANT2109.
Full textPolymer-supported organotins are convenient reagents to achieve organic synthesis and to circumvent problems due to pollution by tin residues. First, we studied the reactivity and the recycling of a polymer-supported phenyltin reagent towards Stille cross-coupling. The low levels of tin and palladium in the cross-coupling products prompted us to synthesize other supported aryl-and heteroaryltins. In a second part, new functionalized grafted vinyl-, alcynyl-, allyltins were prepared and fully characterized by NMR HRMAS. These reagents were efficiently used in Stille cross-coupling for supported vinyltins and in the allylation of benzaldehyde for supported allyltins. Last, a new route to 5-substituted-1H-tetrazoles was developed by using alkoxy organotins. This work exhibits the advantages of the solid-phase methodology namely its easy workup, which allows a very low level of tin contamination in the final products and the easy recycling of the polymer-supported organotin reagents
Udupi, Seetharamacharya Sudheendra. "Solid-state NMR studies of membrane associated polypeptides : Applications to channel-forming peptides." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2005/UDUPI_SEETHARAMACHARYA_Sudheendra_2005.pdf.
Full textLambert, Olivier. "Synthèse et caractérisation de terpolymères amphiphiles en étoile constitués de trois bras de nature chimique différente : étude de leurs propriétés à l'état solide et en solution." Mulhouse, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MULH0485.
Full textGulo, Fakhili. "Synthèse et caractérisations de nouveaux oxyhalogénures à clusters triangulaires et octaédriques de niobium ou de tantale." Rennes 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REN10045.
Full textBelhadj-Kaabi, Faten. "Développement et caractérisation de polymères à empreintes moléculaires pour l'extraction de composés pharmaceutiques à l'état de traces dans les fluides biologiques : miniaturisation du format de synthèse et couplage en-ligne à la nano-chromatographie." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066542.
Full textBazin, Tiphaine. "Synthèse, caractérisations structurales par spectroscopie et mise en forme d'hydroxyapatites dopées au cuivre ou au fer." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0118.
Full textHydroxyapatite (HA), with formula Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, is one of the most used material in bone reconstruction. The improvement of its biological properties, in particular by doping with trace elements present in the body, is the subject of recent studies. Therefore, this work deals with the elaboration, structural characterizations from spectroscopy and shaping of copper- or iron-doped hydroxyapatite. Two synthesis routes have been considered: syntheses by aqueous co-precipitation led to the elaboration of pure HA phases doped with copper(II) or iron(III) stable at low temperature (≤ 600°C) while high temperature solid-state reactions led to the elaboration of pure HA phases doped with copper(I), iron(II) or iron(III) stable above 1100°C. These phases have been characterized by XRD and various spectroscopic techniques: FTIR, NMR, UV-vis-NIR, XPS, EPR, XANES-EXAFS and Mössbauer in order to evaluate the influence of the incorporation of the different transition elements into the apatitic structure and to determine the location of the doping element, its degree of oxidation, its coordination, as well as its local environment. The influence of copper and iron on the sinterability and densification of ceramics obtained by solid-state reaction and on the granular growth has been then established. In the case of copper-doped HA ceramics, the biocompatibility of the materials has been verified over a 5-day culture time using MC3T3-E1 cell line and the presence of copper does not seem to affect the cell differentiation onto the ceramic surface (up to 5.3 wt%). Finally, pre-sintered 2D films of the HA phase containing 0.8 wt% of copper have been shaped by selective laser sintering
Rouillon, Jean. "Chromophores présentant une émission à l'état solide induite à deux photons : synthèses et études de la dynamique des états excités en solution et en agrégats." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEN057.
Full textThe design of biocompatible nano-objects used in fluorescence microscopy represents a major interest. In this perspective, chromophores with two-photon absorption (A2P) and aggregation induced emission (AIE) properties have been synthesized, derived from an extended tetraphenylethylene (TPE) base. The study of the influence of the stereoconfiguration (Z or E) of this family of molecules on their self-assembly established a link between crystallinity and fluorescence of the aggregates, and nano-objects were optimized for in vitro and in vivo imaging applications by two-photon fluorescence microscopy.The mechanisms behind the AIE properties of TPEs, still debated in the literature, have been rationalized by a detailed photophysical study made possible by the development of a new actinometric NMR method. The functionalization of one of the chromophores by a hydrophilic polymer block leading to a self-assembly in micellar form in aqueous medium was done to obtain luminescent nano-objects of a new type, which have been used as DNA specific probes. Finally, a new methodology for the stereoselective synthesis of AIEgens of the ditriazolostilbene (DTS) family was proposed, paving the way for versatile molecular engineering based on azide-alkyne cycloaddition
Hoo, Benoît. "Modèles dynamiques dans les systèmes type Ising : effets des corrélations et application a la relaxation de l'état métastable de solides a transition de spin." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001VERS0008.
Full textPouchain, Laurent. "Synthèse et caractérisation de systèmes conjugués dérivés de l'indéno[1,2-b]thiophène pour l'électronique organique." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00583380.
Full textRaminosona, Alain. "Propriétés physico-chimiques des phases solides du système V. P. Mo. 0 : application à la catalyse d'oxydation du butane en anhydride maléique." Compiègne, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985COMPD013.
Full textOverton, Philip. "Electrolytes polymères monofonctionnels à conduction monocationique : synthèse et propriétés de transport d'ions lithium." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAV010/document.
Full textThis thesis presents "End-Capped Single-Ion Polymer Electrolytes" (EC-SIPEs) that are ionically conductive polymers having n repeating ethylene oxide (EO) units and an ionic functional group at one chain terminal. The library of EC-SIPEs presented are based on poly(ethylene oxide) mono methyl ether (mPEOn-OH) having EOn = 8, 10, 20 and 55. The anions of the electrolyte salt pair are covalently bound to the polymer as part of the end-group design. The mobility of the anion is thus limited by the low mobility of the polymer, relative to Li+. These are "Single-Ion" conductors because the majority of ionic charge transferred by Li+ cations, as demonstrated by chronoamperometry.The end-group designs target not only ionic interactions that facilitate "single-ion" conduction of Li+, but also other specific non-covalent interactions such as dipole-dipole, Van der Waals, and π-π stacking. End-groups having naphthalene (naph) and pyrene (pyr) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) moieties are investigated. The functional end-groups are lithiated sulfonates (-SO3Li, -PhSO3Li), a N-naphyl sulfonamide (-SO2N(Li)Naph), and secondary N-aryl amines (-N(Li)Naph, -N(Li)Pyr). Two end-groups target specific properties: i) a "double salt" end-group has two ionic functions at one chain end, and ii) a zwitterionic EC-SIPE that conducts Li+ cations and TFSI- anions. The doubling of the number of Li+ per end-group does not correlate to an expected improvement in ionic conductivity (σ). This implies that σ is limited by the physicochemical properties of the EC-SIPE and not the Li+ concentration. The zwitterionic EC-SIPE has a high lithium transference number (t+Li= 0.8) that implies decreased mobility of the TFIS- counter-anion relative to Li+. The best overall performance is achieved by mPEOn-N(Li)Pyr (EOn= 10, 20, 55), that has σ > 1.0*10-4 S/cm at T > 40 °C, and reaches 1*10-3 S/cm at 100 °C. It exhibits constant resistivity under galvanostatic cycling (j= 10 μA.cm-2, 10*4h periods, Li|Li cell, 40 °C) and is electrochemically stable in the 0 V-3.7 V vs. Li/Li+ potential range (Li|stainless steel cell, 1.0 mV/s sweep rate, 40 °C).In Chapter I the context of the thesis is discussed through review of state-of-the-art polymer electrolytes for Li-ion batteries. These are divided into two sub-classes: i) Salt-in-Polymer (SiP) and ii) "Single-Ion" polymer electrolytes. The design of polymer electrolytes towards efficient and effective ionic conductivity is emphasized. Special attention is given to concepts for the organisation of bulk morphology for the creation of ion transport pathways that efficiently percolate through the micron length scale separating electrodes of a battery. Finally, the synthetic strategy implemented in this thesis is described.The principle results of the thesis are presented and discussed in Chapter II. A library of EC-SIPEs are characterised in terms of their electrochemical, thermal and specific ion-transport performances. Resistive features appear at high temperature and are expected to result from the aggregation of ionic end-groups. Surprisingly, the σ of EC-SIPEs having EOn= 55 improves by as much as half an order of magnitude with repeated cycling of temperature to above Tm of crystalline PEO (in the +40 °C to +100 °C range). The analysis of EC-SIPEs having different end-groups and PEO chains having EOn= 8, 10, 20, and 55 lead to the proposition of a tentative model for the percolation of ionic pathways through the EC-SIPE bulk. It is hypothesized that the ionic end-groups are localised at the grain boundaries of PEO domains. Percolation of these boundaries are proposed to be improved under appropriate, mild conditions of temperature and electromagnetic force. Finally, the synthesis methods implemented in this thesis and characterizations of EC-SIPEs are described in Chapter III
Couillaud, Samuel. "Synthèse, structure, propriétés physiques et réactivité vis-à-vis de l’hydrogène de nouveaux composés ternaires à base de magnésium." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14288/document.
Full textNowadays, the decrease of fossil fuel resources, and the increase of energy requirements and concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere induces the development of new energies. The use of hydrogen as energetic vector is a solution. Indeed, it is abundant and its combustion is highly energetic (3 times more than petrol). However, its utilisation is limited by problems of production, storage and use. In this work, we have focused on the problem of solid hydrogen storage. It allows for high volumetric capacity (≈ 140 g/L) but is restricted by low weight capacity and by slow sorption kinetics. Because magnesium is potentially a good candidate according to its high weight capacity (7.6 %wt), we have chosen to work on the ternary compounds RE-M-Mg (RE = Rare earth, M = transition metal). The goal was double: to keep the good capacity of the magnesium and to decrease the enthalpy of formation of the hydride. The RE4NiMg system (with RE = Y and Gd) and the derived solid solutions were studied. An irreversible hydrogen uptake of 2.5% wt and a magnetic properties change from antiferromagnetic to spin glass behaviour were observed.A more exploratory work allowed us to discover two new magnesium rich compounds: LaCuMg8 and Gd13Ni9.5Mg77.5. Both lead to a phase mixture induced by their decomposition during the first absorption. This mixture allows a very significant improvement of the hydrogen sorption properties of magnesium
Cordeiro, Cavalcanti Fabiano. "Caractérisation thermique de produits de l'état liquide à l'état solide." Lyon, INSA, 2006. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2006ISAL0006/these.pdf.
Full textThe aim of this work is to propose a new experimental set-up that allows the thermal characterization of an industrial product (water, paraffin and n-hexadecane) undergoing phase change, i. E. Solidification/fusion. The considered properties are the thermal conductivities and heat capacities in the liquid and solid states, the phase change temperature and the latent heat. These properties are identified simultaneously by using Levenberg-Marquardt's method. Transient measurements of temperature at the extremities of the sample are used to solve the parameter estimation problem. A sensitivity coefficient analysis is realized and we use this study to present the optimal methodology of identification
Lander, Laura. "Exploration of new sulfate-based cathode materials for lithium ion batteries." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066330/document.
Full textLithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become the dominating electrical energy storage technology in the last two decades. However, depending on their applications, LIBs need to fulfill several requirements such as high energy density, low-cost, safety and sustainability. This calls for the development of new electrode materials. Focusing on the cathode side, we embarked on the synthesis of novel sulfate- and fluorosulfate-based polyanionic compounds. During the course of our study, we discovered a monoclinic KFeSO4F polymorph, whose structure was determined via combined X-ray and neutron powder diffraction. We could electrochemically extract K+ and reinsert Li+ into this new polymorphic “FeSO4F” matrix at an average potential of 3.7 V vs. Li+/Li0. We then turned towards fluorine-free materials and synthesized a new orthorhombic Li2Fe(SO4)2 phase, which presents appealing electrochemical properties in terms of working potential (3.73 and 3.85 V vs. Li+/Li0) and cycling stability. In a next step, we tested langbeinite K2Fe2(SO4)3 for its aptitude to intercalate Li+ once K+ is extracted, with however little success. Nevertheless, exploring other langbeinite K2M2(SO4)3 phases (M=3d transition metal), we discovered a new K2Cu2(SO4)3 compound, which crystallizes in an orthorhombic structure distinct from the langbeinite one. Finally, we investigated these compounds not only for their electrochemistry, but we were also able to demonstrate other interesting physical properties, namely magnetic features. Orthorhombic Li2Fe(SO4)2 and monoclinic KFeSO4F both present a long-range antiferromagnetic spin ordering whose symmetry allows a magnetoelectric effect
Popuri, Srinivasa Rao. "Etude expérimentale des relations structure-propriétés et des effets de dimensionnalité dans des oxydes de cobalt et de vanadium." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00927123.
Full textChapelier, Alhan. "Modifications radioinduites dans les protéines à l'état solide." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA112351.
Full textIn this study four proteins were irradiated in the solid state at ambient temperature. Thioredoxine, lysozyme and a-lactalbumine were irradiated in the lyophilised state, human insulin was irradiated in the hexameric crystalline state. For all proteins and whatever the irradiation atmosphere is, irradiation seems to lead to only small changes. For doses lower than 5 kGy, all methods lead to the same conclusion : the percent of degradation is lower than 5 %. Irradiation affect all levels of organisation. As for primary structure, we did not detect any sequence or residue that would be specially sensitive. We have evidences for oxidative degradation pathway, specially on aromatic residues and this conclusion seems general. As for the secondary structure, insulin appears more sensitive than other proteins. Two different kinds of degradation appear, since we get more compact and more released proteins. .
Bowen, Martin. "Transport tunnel polarisé en spin à l'état solide." Paris 11, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003921v5.
Full textThis experimental Thesis investigates spin-polarized solid state tunneling between two ferromagnetic layers separated by an ultrathin insulating barrier, with an aim to bridge the gap between theory, which is based on ideal systems, and experiments dominated by junctions with amorphous barriers. The nearly total tunneling spin polarization of La(0. 7)Sr(0. 3)MnO3, when integrated into partially or fully epitaxial magnetic tunnel junctions, offers insight into the relationship between an insulating material's electronic structure and tunneling magnetotransport. In addition to transport experiments through epitaxial SrTiO3, Ce(0. 69)La(0. 31)O(l. 845), TiO2, MgO, and amorphous Al2O3, barriers, we have performed XMCD experiments on Al2O3 and MgO barriers to probe the theoretical underpinnings of our transport results. The half-metallic nature of La(0. 7)Sr(0. 3)MnO3 is then utilized in La(0. 7)Sr(0. 3)MnO3/SrTiO3/La(0. 7)Sr(0. 3)MnO3 and La(0. 7)Sr(0. 3)MnO3/SrTiO3/Co junctions to quantitatively confirm the spectroscopic nature of spin-dependent solid state tunneling between ferromagnetic electrodes. These bias-dependent studies underscore the influence of interfacial spin wave generation on the ferromagnetic order of the manganate/insulator interface near its Curie point. Finally, we utilize electromigration to modify both the density of states and the potential profile of the interfaces. We show how harnessing this effect may lead to a device with bistable magnetotransport properties; and we examine within the Fowler-Nordheim tunneling regime the incidence of such junction modifications on the formation of quantized energy states within the barrier, and the evolution of interlayer exchange coupling between the ferromagnetic electrodes
Caron, Vincent. "Mécanosynthèse et vitrification à l'état solide d'alliages moléculaires." Lille 1, 2006. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2006/50376-2006-Caron.pdf.
Full textHarfouche, Lina. "Criblage de l'état solide chiral et diagrammes de phases." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR007.
Full textMany active pharmaceutical ingredients are chiral compounds. The two enantiomers of the corresponding molecules exhibit identical chemical and physical properties, but the desired biological activity is often provided by only one enantiomer. The strict regulations forced the pharmaceutical industry to develop new ways to produce pure enantiomers. Among separation methods, Preferential Crystallization (PC), is a technique with relatively high productivity and low cost. It consists of the out-of-equilibrium alternative crystallization of both enantiomers. It is thought that the application of PC is only possible when the enantiomers crystallize as a conglomerate, i.e. a physical mixture of homochiral particles. Yet, only ca 5-10% of the racemic species crystallize as a conglomerate, which strongly limits the applicability of PC. The work investigates how to perform PC in the remaining 90-95% of cases, for enantiomers crystallizing as racemic compounds, i.e. a 1:1 stoichiometric compound made with both enantiomers. Following an adequate screening procedure based on physico chemical and molecular considerations, one racemic chiral molecule was selected as model compound, namely “proxyphylline” (PXL). After the construction of the binary phase diagram between the enantiomer of PXL reveals a rich polymorphism (double polymorphism for enantiomer and racemic), PXL has been resolved by two approaches: (a) via an unforeseen metastable conglomerate, by inhibiting the spontaneous crystallization and growth of the undesired forms and by achieving a wide metastable zone width due to the selection of a suitable solvent. The obtained results extend the applicability of PC to the racemic forming system with specific thermodynamic (melting temperature) and kinetic (wide metastability) characteristics. (b) via a stable monohydrated conglomerate prepared by cocrystallization with salicylic acid. It was resolved by PC from a water/ethanol mixture with high productivity. This may be the first report of PC applied to such a cocrystal system
Nguyen, Trong Giang. "Modélisation du comportement rhéologique d'alliages à l'état semi-solide." Grenoble INPG, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPG0122.
Full textAmharar, Youness. "De l'origine moléculaire de la discrimination chirale à l'état solide." Rouen, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ROUES014.
Full textThis manuscript is devoted to the study of the molecular origins of chiral discrimination in the solid state. Several angles of this topic have been treated: The first part of this work deals with the study of chiral discrimination during the crystallization of host-guest supramolecular complexes formed between permethylated β-cyclodextrin and the enantiomers of 1-(p-fluorophényl)ethanol. The detailed analysis of this system revealed unusual stoichiometries and remarkable features. The combination of structural analysis, physical characterization of solid phases and molecular modeling has conducted to an original mechanism of chiral recognition based on two contributions: a molecular inclusion and a lattice inclusion. The second part of this work relates the study of the dehydration of the original racemic monohydrate of 5-methyl-5-(4’-ethylphenyl)hydantoin (18H). The mechanisms of the different transformations as well as the relationships between homo- and heterochiral phases could be established from structural data and form the physical behavior of solid phases. The major role played by residual water molecules during the dehydration and the impact of the molecular mobility on the spontaneous resolution could be highlighted. Finally, a methodology was developed and exemplified with the study of the binary system formed between the enantiomers of Diprophylline
Waysek, Edward H. "Caractérisation de caroténoi͏̈des à l'état solide dans des matrices organiques." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13111.
Full textHu, Bingwen. "Manipulations des interactions dipole-dipole en RMN de l'état solide." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL10062/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the recoupling and decoupling of dipolar homonuclear and heteronuclear interactions in solid-state NMR.First, two kinds of techniques for establishing the through-space correlations between quadrupolar nuclei and spin 1/2 nuclei are presented. One is MPCP (Multiple-pulse Cross-Polarization) recoupling sequence and the other one is D-HMQC (Dipolar assisted- Heteronuclear Multiple Quantum Coherence) sequence. We evaluate different kinds of dipolar recoupling techniques such as SFAM, SR41², that are used in our D-HMQC. Second, we propose a new 1H homonuclear dipolar decoupling technique labeled SAM (Smooth Amplitude Modulation). This method that is a symmetry-based sequences, works mainly at fast or ultra-fast Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) rates (vR > 25 kHz) and is complementary to previous methods, such as DUMBO, FSLG/PMLG. Third, a novel symmetry-based homonuclear recoupling method (SPIP) that excites double-quantum (DQ) coherences between spin-1/2 nuclei, such as 1H, is presented. Compared to previous 1H DQ-recoupling techniques, this pulse sequence requires moderate rf field, even at ultra-fast MAS speed. Furthermore, it displays higher robustness to both chemical shift anisotropy and spreads in resonance frequencies.Fourth, a new processing scheme, called covariance, is employed in solid state NMR to produce homo-nuclear correlation (HOMCOR) 2D spectra. It can accommodate signal truncation much better than the usual 2D-FT data treatment, without any previous knowledge of the positions and line-widths of the resonances. Besides, covariance methods can be applied to HETCOR NMR data to generate two HOMCOR indirect-covariance spectra
Thomas, Anne. "Synthèse de dérivés pipéridiniques sur support solide." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CLF21499.
Full textVuillaume, Pascal. "Comportement thermique et structural à l'état solide de polyamphiphiles en peigne." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0016/NQ54034.pdf.
Full textBouhki, Mohamed. "Amorphisation par réaction à l'état solide dans les multicouches NI/TI." Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10005.
Full textBelamri, Bachir. "Structures et réactivité à l'état solide de composés éther couronne-phénol." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO10161.
Full textCamus, Lydie. "Caractérisation par résonance magnétique nucléaire à l'état solide de silices hybrides." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066415.
Full textBoukadir, Saïd. "Caractérisation par résonance magnétique nucléaire des noyaux quadrupolaires à l'état solide." Lille 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL10100.
Full textDelville, Jérôme. "Films d'amidon photoréticulé à l'état solide. Etudes des relations stucture-propriétés." Reims, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REIMS009.
Full textDemol, Franck. "Etude en solution et à l'état solide d'un pseudo-fullerène réduit." Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-283.pdf.
Full textJullien-Lombrage, Thomas. "Conception, synthèse et développement de nouveaux inhibiteurs d'interaction protéine-protéine par synthèse supportée d'une chimiothèque de 3-aminoflavones." Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA112240.
Full textProtein-protein interactions play a key role in signal transduction in cells and as such protein complexes are an emergent target in the regulation of cellular proliferation. The capacity of small molecules to interfere with these protein complexes has prompted us to identify and develop inhibitors of protein-protein interactions. By the nature of the protein interfaces, the nonpeptide inhibitors are often flat aromatic compounds. Within the laboratory, we want to produce a chemical library focused on flavones, natural compounds with a strong affinity for proteins. Our strategy is to develop a polymer-supported synthesis of 3-aminoflavone carrying different functionalities on the aromatic rings, allowing the iterative introduction of substituants. Our preliminary study in solution of the construction of 3-aminoflavone made it possible to develop a new linker for the phenolic compound as well as a regioselective method of attachment on salicylic aldehydes. For the formation of the heterocyclic benzopyran-4-one, we studied intermolecular cyclisation in particular using a beta,beta-chloronitroethenylbenzene synthon and the intramolecular cyclisation of salicylic derivatives. We were also interested in the functionalisation at position 3 either by elaboration of flavone itself or of the alkyne synthon prior to cyclisation
Deplancke, Tiana. "Approche des mécanismes de frittage du UHMWPE : étude du comportement mécanique à l'état solide et à l'état fondu." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01018639.
Full textTsutsumi, Kazuo. "Energie de surface et distribution en énergie des sites superficiels de solides minéraux." Mulhouse, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985MULH0007.
Full textSTELLMACHER, MAX. "Propriétés physiques des matériaux III - V A non stoechiométrie controlée." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EPXX0045.
Full textGrillon, Nathanaël. "Etude de la fiabilité de microbatteries à l'état tout solide au lithium." Thesis, Tours, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUR4022.
Full textTo meet the requirements of microelectronic devices miniaturization, innovative energy storage systems are emerging and are able to cross the large scale industrialization phase. The goal of this thesis is to achieve a comprehensive reliability study of LiCoO2 based microbatteries developed by an « all-solid » approach. From the performance analysis of the operating system, aging of the microbatteries was characterized in storage and electrochemical cycling modes. Through an adapted exponential function from the Weibull failure probability law, the aging of the microbatteries has been modeled. Finally, a mathematical tool dedicated to the lifetime prediction of the devices in application has been developed. Otherwise, with the help of the electrochemical characterization of the different layers and interfaces of the system and a reading methodology of galvanostatic discharge curves, the main failure source has been identified. The convergence of results made it possible to highlight the leading role of the LiCoO2 positive electrode on the mechanisms leading to aging of the microbatteries. Thenceforth, a failure scenario and reliability performance improvement opportunities have been proposed
Maury, Gisèle de. "Comportement thermique de quelques stéroïdes et de leur interaction à l'état solide." Montpellier 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON13506.
Full textChandrappa, Ravi Kumar. "Caractérisation de formulations pharmaceutiques par RMN de l'état solide : polymorphisme et déformulation." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011VERS0058.
Full textThis thesis reports on the use of solid-state NMR in the quality control of pharmaceutical formulations. Polymorphism structural studies were done on two active principle components of pharmaceutical drugs, Xaliproden and Irbesartan. A process of deformulation is proposed and validated, aiming at controlling drug quality and detecting counterfeits. The effects of processing on the stability of the drugs and the individual ingredients are followed and described by use of high-resolution NMR techniques. Finally, the quantitative aspects of the NMR measurements by 13C CPMAS techniques are investigated. Common techniques are evaluated for 13C enriched or naturally abundant samples, and another method is proposed in view of these applications
Martin, Christophe. "Rhéologie et structure d'un alliage modèle Sn-Pb à l'état semi-solide." Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPG0128.
Full textLoué, Willem Richard. "Evolution microstructurale et comportement rhéologique d'alliages Al-Si à l'état semi-solide." Grenoble INPG, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPG0115.
Full textBurel, Antoine. "Discrimination à l'état solide durant la cristallisation : application à l'ultrapurification du phénanthréne." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR102/document.
Full textCrystallization is a process during which molecules self assembly from a disordered (liquid, amorphous or gaseous) phase. The miscibility in the solid state between a component of interest and its impurity depends on: (i) their molecular structures, (ii) the crystal structure of the host lattice (namely, that of the component of interest). When no solid solution exists, the impurity can be completely eliminated from the target product after optimization of the crystallization conditions.The present thesis intends to demonstrate that, when two compounds present similar molecular structures with low-density crystal structures, solid solution formation can occur which prevents from their complete separation. Conversely, in case of sufcient dissimilarity, no solid solution is stable and their separation is possible thanks to a large discrimination in the solid state. The phenanthrene system – a model compound used as base for the synthesis of morphine derivatives – was chosen to illustrate this thesis. Several crystallization methods (zone melting, co-crystallization, solvent assisted crystallization and sublimation-condensation) were investigated and permitted, after optimization and combination, to obtain 99.999(9) mole % purity phenanthrene (which is above the ultrapure grade of 99.9 mole %)
Boulahbak, Mustapha. "Etude de la transférabilité des pseudopotentiels de l'état solide à l'état liquide : application au calcul de la structure des métaux liquides." Metz, 1996. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1996/Boilahbak.Mustapha.SMZ9650.pdf.
Full textPseudopotentials were originally introduced to simplify electronic structure calculations by eliminating the need to include the atomic core states and the strong potentials responsible for binding them. These potentials were then screened using a linear dielectric function method via local-field correction, G(q). In this work, we study the structure and thermodynamical properties of liquid metals by means of integral equation theory as well as molecular dynamics. It is developed around two main ideas. In the first part, we examine the extend to which the first principles pseudopotenitals can be transferred successfully from the solid state to other environments. We used both Bachelet et al. (BHS) and Fiolhais' model potentials. The latter appears to describe correctly the structure as well as the thermodynamical properties of each alkali metal. We clearly point out that the BHS's pseudopotential is not transferable except for Na. The second idea is a study of the effet of exchange and correlation in the theory of simple metals. It appears that the alkali, with one valence electron per atom, have relatively high rs valus. For this reason, the structure is quite insensitive to the form of G (q) while the thermodynamic quantities depend on it. On the contrary, for polyvalent metals, with small rs values, G (q) has a great influence already on the structure factor
Ngbilo, Embalé. "Poly(n-alkyl 3,6 carbazolylène)s : électrosynthèse, caractérisation et propriétés à l'état neutre et à l'état dopé." Paris 13, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA132018.
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