Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Synthèse locale'
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Tang, Qian. "Synthèse de binaphtalènes-2,2' dissymétriques par réaction SRN¹." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112142.
Full textGrousset, Maryse. "Synthèse de dérivés oligopeptidiques et macromoléculaires d'un anesthésique local : influence sur l'activité pharmacologique." Paris 12, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA120055.
Full textTrabelsi, Kods. "Métaheuristiques pour la synthèse de haut niveau." Université européenne de Bretagne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LORIS158.
Full textThis dissertation presents a study at the cross-road of the operational research's area and the high level synthesis's one. If considering current state-of-the-art methods for automated integrated circuits design, it is clear that new solutions for design flow must be found, to reply to the very fast growth of the digital technology market. High level synthesis tools appear to bridge the gap between modeling architecture and the actual achievement of the integrated circuit. Thus, given a C/C++ specification of an application, its associated throughput constraint, and the target goal, high-level synthesis tools allows to generate automatically an RTL architecture. However, the solutions provided by the high-level synthesis are not always area efficient, due to current selection of search algorithms. In this dissertation we propose several new approaches to explore the solutions space. Yet, to find the real architecture area, we have to pass by the logical synthesis. But this way is very expensive in computing time. So we propose also an architecture area estimation technique, based on an array giving the different components of the architecture and a library characterizing notably the different components on area. The search approaches we propose, includ a simple descent, deepest descent, a variable neighborhood search, a multi starts descent and finally a dedicated Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure which all aiming at minimizing the global area. We show through a set of test cases that our approach offers significant gain relative to the state-of-the-art
Sakho, Ibrahima. "Synthèse et simulation d'algorithmes systoliques." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00323979.
Full textKachkache, Moustapha. "Facteurs de contrôle des processus immunitaires impliqués dans l'ovoimplantation : synthèse locale de 1,25-dihydroxyvitamine D3 dans l'utérus." Paris 12, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA120015.
Full textVan, Beek Johan. "La réaction inflammatoire dans le système nerveux central : rôle de la synthèse locale du complément dans la physiopathologie de l'ischémie cérébrale." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUES075.
Full textLemercier, Claudie. "Contribution à l'étude des mécanismes anti-inflammatoires des glucocorticoïdes : Modulation de la synthèse locale des protéines du complément par les cellules monocytaires." Rouen, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ROUES033.
Full textRiopel, Marc. "L'historien et le milieu : réflexions sur l'application de l'histoire : la publication d'une synthèse historique sur le Témiscamingue." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28575.
Full textMellier, Charlotte. "Synthèse et caractérisation de biomatériaux phosphocalciques multiphasés dopés ou non avec des inhibiteurs de la résorption osseuse." Nantes, 2011. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=84f43f72-1aa0-4495-83ff-45ede0bb40e5.
Full textBone grafts substitutes are an alternative to autologous bone grafting procedure. Calcium phosphates cements are good candidates as they are biocompatible, osteoconductive, resorbable and injectable. However, their use is limited to healthy bone sites in small non-load bearing cavities. The first part of this thesis aims the development of a combined medical device for the local release of gallium, an osteoclastic inhibitor, in order to reinforce locally osteoporotic bone. This study is based on synthesis and characterization of calcium phosphate, CDA and ß-TCP, doped with gallium. It has been shown that the incorporation of gallium changes the structure of these materials. Then these calcium phoshates have been incorporated into a typical composition of cement and the influence of gallium on physico-chemical, mechanical and biological properties of this cement has been studied. The second part of this thesis deals with the improvement of textural and mechanical properties of two calcium phosphate cements, named TPN and TPC, by adding an organic component : blood. For both cements, the blood has led to the formation of a cohesive, moldable and sticky paste. The porosity and both mechanical and rheological properties of both cements were altered differently by blood addition. These combined systems (with gallium or blood) could address the limitations usually encountered in the use of calcium phosphate cements
Lemarchand, Alex. "Synthèse par chimie douce et étude structurale de nanocristaux d'oxydes métalliques." Thesis, Limoges, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIMO0110/document.
Full textThe aim of this work was to synthesize small size (~1-3 nm) metal oxide nanocrystals namely titanium dioxide (TiO2), tin dioxide (SnO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO), and to study their structure. Syntheses were conducted via non-aqueous or even strictly non-hydrolytic sol-gel methods under kinetic control. The structural characterization was mainly carried out by X-Ray diffraction methods, transmission electronic microscopy and the study of pair distribution functions, obtained by X Ray total scattering, coupled with atomic scale modelling methods. In the case of TiO2, anatase nanocrystals were obtained with sizes ranging between 4 nm and 8 nm. The molar ratio of the oxygen donor with respect to titanium was shown to be an important parameter to control the nanoparticle size. In peculiar conditions we have been able to isolate an intermediate phase characterized by very small sized and poorly crystallized nanoparticles which the structure can be assimilated to a disordered brookite structure. Concerning SnO2, rutile-type nanocrystals were synthesized with sizes ranging between 2 nm and 4 nm. The use of an ether as oxygen donor led to the simultaneous formation of an organic polymeric phase and of primary nanoparticles characterized by an intermediate structure close but still different from the rutile-type structure. Moreover, the use of benzyl-type solvents in the presence of tin tetrachloride led to the formation of water in the system. Lastly, for ZnO, we have shown that using an organic base to induce the formation of the metal oxide network in a methanolic solution of zinc acetate in the presence of a strong complexing agent of the zinc allowed us to obtain wurtzite nanocrystals of ultrasmall sizes around 1 nm. Even for the smallest sizes, the nanoparticles exhibit a structure very close to that of wurtzite with an increasing disorder of the cationic network
Llàcer, Martínez Jaume. "Matériaux pérovskites hybrides : caractérisation des propriétés électroniques et stabilité à l’échelle nanométrique." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1I062.
Full textGlobal warming is one of the main concerns in our society nowadays, year after year the impact and consequences are becoming more visible. The Paris agreement set a target to limit the CO2 emission, which is mainly caused from the increasing demand for energy based on fossil fuels. Since then, the scientific community has increased their efforts on looking for clean energy sources such as renewable energies. In this regard, solar energy is meant to be one of the main energy sources that could replace fossil fuels. Therefore, photovoltaic technologies have evolved tremendously and, organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite materials have been one of the technologies with the fastest growth in solar cell performance. Perovskite materials possess unique properties such as flexibility, low-cost and ease to manufacture. Nonetheless, there are still some issues regarding their stability against atmospheric conditions that need to be understood. This dissertation focuses on the characterization of the electrical properties at the nanoscale of perovskite-based thin films by means of scanning probe microscopies (Conducting AFM, Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy, and Scanning Microwave Microscopy).In this growing field of research, many perovskite structures, deposition methods, and synthesis routes have been developed and introduced in perovskite-based solar cells. In the first part of this dissertation, the context of perovskite materials is detailed and the methodology used through the thesis is also described. Then, we study and compare the electronic properties at the surface of perovskite materials synthesized following two different routes. Moreover, it is known that device engineering can increase both, the performance, and the stability of perovskite solar cells. In a second part if the thesis, we show that for a given perovskite structure, the stability upon exposure to controlled small amounts of water can be significantly improved through the synthesis optimization. Finally, we provide a series of conclusions and perspectives that could help to further understand the perovskite behaviour at the local scale and to improve the cell performances
Brizard, Denis. "Contrôle des vibrations de charge utile sur lanceur spatial." Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ECDL0041/document.
Full textSpace launchers undergo a certain amount of complex excitations during their lifecycle. These excitations are transmitted to the payload in a structure-born or air-born way. To improve the dynamic behaviour and thus ensure the protection of the payload, secondary systems must be added to the launcher – indeed, the architecture of the launcher is fixed at the beginning of the project. The essential part of this thesis work is dedicated to the optimal fitting of a system capable of reducing the vibration response of the payload, using appropriate models. Therefore a double modal synthesis method is implemented, allowing to calculate the vibrational response of the structure with reduced bases and offering improved performances over conventional methods. The addition of a local damping device requires the consideration of one or more structural modifications in the model, a dedicated method is thus developped along with a specific continuation algorithm. A friction damper is retained, a prototype is designed and built. It is first characterized alone ; the identified behaviour is that of a spring in series with a dry friction element, a simple Coulomb friction law enables to reproduce the experimental curves. A scale model of the launcher’s last stage is designed and built. The friction device is then mounted inside the scale model and leads to a significant reduction of the payload vibration levels
Laroum, Sami. "Prédiction de la localisation des protéines membranaires : méthodes méta-heuristiques pour la détermination du potentiel d'insertion des acides aminés." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01064309.
Full textLouis, Marine. "Synthèse et études de systèmes mécanofluorochromes vers le développement de sondes locales de contraintes." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLN050/document.
Full textAmong the on-going research in organic materials science, one can find the development of new functional materials able to give distinct responses to external stimuli: temperature, pH, complexation, etc… During the past fifteen years this research field has witnessed the emergence of mechanofluorochromism. This term applies to any materials or compounds which fluorescence properties can be modified, in a reversible way, by mechanical strains. Despite the increasing number of publications in this topic, the investigations are still quite qualitative and the lack of characterisations and quantifications of the phenomenon restrict its scope. In this thesis we focused, more particularly, on the difluoroboron β-diketonate family. After the synthesis of original compounds, an in-depth study of the mechanism responsible for the change of fluorescence was performed, combining steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, AFM, fluorescence microscopy and theoretical approaches was also developed to allow for the quantification of the mechanofluorochromic response of the compounds when submitted to two different types of forces (pression or shearing) and has so far allowed to show that our compounds were sensitive t shearing stress and not to compression only. By modifying the substituents of the diketonate ligand or the chelating group, we additionally wanted to understand their influence on the mechanofluorochromic properties. The synthesis of new diketonate ligands functionalised by chiral groups enable us to study the influence of mechanofluorochromism on the circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) properties of the enantiomerically pure derivatives. Eventually, we took a look into the preparation of nanoparticles, by the reprecipitation and RAFT methods, thereafter characterised by steady-state spectroscopy before unravelling their mechanofluorochromic properties at the nanoscale thanks to the combining use of an AFM and a fluorescence microscope
Keen, Jeremy T. "Dietary nitrate supplementation augments nitric oxide synthase mediated cutaneous vasodilation during local heating in healthy humans." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15438.
Full textDepartment of Kinesiology
Brett J. Wong
Nitrate supplementation in the form of beetroot juice (BRJ) has been shown to increase nitric oxide (NO), where nitrate can be reduced to nitrite and NO through both nitric oxide synthase (NOS) independent and dependent pathways. We tested the hypothesis that BRJ would augment the NO component of cutaneous thermal hyperemia. Dietary intervention consisted of one shot of BRJ for three days. Six subjects were equipped with two microdialysis fibers on the ventral forearm and randomly assigned to lactated Ringer’s (control) or continuous infusion of 20mM L-NAME (NOS inhibitor). The control site was subsequently perfused with L-NAME once a plateau in the local heating response was achieved to quantify NOS-dependent cutaneous vasodilation. Skin blood flow via laser-Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured; cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) was calculated as LDF/MAP and normalized to %CVCmax. Maximal vasodilation was achieved via local heating to 43°C and 54mM sodium nitroprusside infusion. There was a significant decrease in DBP after BRJ (Pre-BRJ:74 ± 1 mmHg vs. Post-BRJ: 61 ± 2 mmHg; p < 0.05) and significant reduction in MAP after BRJ (Pre-BRJ: 90 ± 1 mmHg vs. Post-BRJ: 80 ± 2 mmHg; p < 0.05). The initial peak and secondary plateau phase of cutaneous thermal hyperemia were attenuated at sites with continuous LNAME; however, there was no effect of BRJ on either the initial peak at control sites (Pre-BRJ: 76 ± 3%CVCmax vs. Post-BRJ: 75 ± 4%CVCmax) or L-NAME sites (Pre-BRJ: 60 ± 4%CVCmax vs. Post-BRJ: 59 ± 5%CVCmax) or the secondary plateau phaseat control sites (Pre-BRJ: 88 ± 4%CVCmax vs. Post-BRJ: 90 ± 4%CVCmax) or L-NAME sites (Pre-BRJ: 45 ± 5%CVCmax vs. Post-BRJ: 51 ± 3%CVCmax). The decrease in %CVCmax to L-NAME infusion during the plateau of local heating (i.e. post-L-NAME drop) was greater after BRJ (Pre-BRJ: 36 ± 2%CVCmax vs. Post-BRJ: 28 ± 1%CVCmax; p < 0.05). This resulted in a greater contribution of NOS to the plateau phase of local heating (Pre-BRJ: 57±3%CVCmax vs. Post-BRJ: 64±2%CVCmax; p < 0.05). These data suggest BRJ modestly improves NOS-dependent vasodilation to local heating in the cutaneous vasculature of healthy humans.
David, Pascal. "Synthèse d'une impédance à comportement local d'ordre non entier : application dans le domaine des suspensions de véhicule." Bordeaux 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR12442.
Full textVallet, Matthieu. "Influence de la modélisation de perturbations géométriques locales sur la perception visuelle des objets texturés en environnement virtuel." Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066426.
Full textComputer graphics textures are used to map attributes values to each point of a virtual object surface. During the rendering process, a perspective projection transforms the texture elements, which produces a depth perception cue, called texture gradient. The bump-mapping algorithm is a way to simulate corrugated surfaces using a set of normal vectors defined in a texture instead of the geometrically correct ones, during the computation of virtual objects shade. To obtain realistic gliterring effects, we propose a similar method, based on a texture of light reflecting virtual flakes. Furthermore, we prove that the shading patterns produced when a corrugated surface is lit act as a perception cue on the main shape of this surface. This cue could be related to both the spatial and the statistical distribution of luminance values in each shading pattern, while corrugation is also responsible for a texture gradient strengthening
Hamdan, Ahmad. "Microdécharges dans l'heptane liquide : caractérisation et applications au traitement local des matériaux et à la synthèse de nanomatéraux." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LORR0119/document.
Full textIn this document, we report our work on discharges in heptane. One of the specific conditions selected is the choice of a micrometric gap distance. Typically, gaps were between 10 and 150 µm, corresponding to breakdown voltages between 1 and 15 kV. From breakdown up to 1 µs, the plasma discharge was characterized by shadowgraphy and optical emission spectroscopy (OES). Shadowgraphy results showed that the velocities of shock wave and bubble interface are about 1200 m s-1 and 100 m s-1, respectively. Beyond 1 µs, experimental and theoretical studies of the oscillatory dynamics of the bubble are made. Then, we proposed a new method to estimate the pressure at discharge breakdown. The technique is based on the response of a 'test bubble' present in the acoustic field of a new discharge whose pressure is to be known. It is estimated to be about 80 bar. OES, between 300 and 800 nm, showed a dominance of continuous radiations during the first 200 ns which were attributed to electron-ion recombination processes. Beyond 200 nm, continuous radiations collapse and then, the emission lines dominate the spectrum. The study of the H? line broadening showed that the electron density can reach 1019 cm-3. Regarding the interaction of the discharge with the electrode surfaces, we demonstrated that the diameter of the impact is governed by the quantity of charges deposited by the discharge. However, the impact morphology is determined by a balance between the force exerted by the plasma pressure and the Marangoni's force. Finally, we studied the possibility to synthesize platinum nanoparticles (5 nm in diameter) embedded in a matrix of hydrogenated carbon exhibiting a short range order
Donakowski, Martin Daniel. "Syntheses, Local Environments, and Structure-Property Relationships of Solid- State Vanadium Oxide-Fluorides." Thesis, Northwestern University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3615500.
Full textVanadium oxide-fluorides can exhibit properties of piezoelectricity, second harmonic generation (SHG) activity, electrochemical activity, and other phenomena. The first two properties derive from the second-order and Jahn-Teller distortions, respectively, of d0 and d1 vanadium; the electrochemistry derives from the reduction of VV to V IV,III,II.
An examination of the immediate environment of a vanadium cation facilitates an understanding of how a cation influences the structure of a compound and its resulting properties. In the inorganic hydrate CuVOF4(H 2O)7, the CuVOF4(H2O)6 basic-building unit (BBU) has a Λ-shape that compels polar packing in a structure that has SHG properties. The compound is a very rare example of a carbonless, SHG-active molecular crystal. Influences for its packing are reasoned with principles previously used within organic molecular crystallography.
The early transition metals (ETMs) of vanadium, niobium, and molybdenum within compounds of formulae K10(M2OnF 11-n)X (M = VV, NbV, n = 2, M = Mo VI, n = 4; X = halide) show a related packing motif of Λ-shaped BBUs in different structures. Owing to the absence or presence of Λ-shaped BBUs, these heterotypical structures crystallize decidedly into SHG-inactive or SHG-active forms when M = VV or M = NbV, MoVI, respectively. The future use and development of Λ-shaped BBUs within solid-state systems can result in SHG-active materials.
The material CuVOF4(H2O)7 presents an interesting coordination: the late transition metal (LTM, CuII) coordinates solely to the oxide anion of the vanadyl cation owing to hard-soft acid-base (HSAB) properties. The materials Na2[M(H2O) 2][V2O4F6] (MII = Co, Ni, Cu) show the LTM coordinates solely to the oxide anions of the V V cation while the alkali cation (NaI) coordinates solely to the fluoride anions. These HSAB properties were used to generate layers of hard or soft cation/anion rich regions in the electrochemically-active double wolframite AgNa(VO2F2)2.
These structure-property examinations of solid state vanadium oxide-fluorides are presented as principles for (i) fundamental understanding of ETM and BBU crystallographic environments, (ii) materials discovery for fundamental investigations, (iii) materials design, and (iv) materials for use in SHG, piezoelectric, and electrochemical processes.
Grousset, Maryse. "Synthèse de dérivés oligopeptidiques et macromoléculaires d'un anesthésique local influence sur l'activité pharmacologique /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37614054g.
Full textLevy, Dan. "Local nitric oxide synthase expression and nitric oxide action in an animal model of neuropathic pain." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0034/NQ38484.pdf.
Full textVéron, Emmanuel. "Synthèse et étude structurale de la gehlénite au bore Ca2Al2-xBxSiO7 : mécanisme de substitution B/AI et ordre local." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00703476.
Full textSarica, Nazim. "Identification de contraintes locales impactant l’expression des gènes chez Escherichia coli." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASL021.
Full textA long list of constrains that affect gene expression have been discovered thanks to the thousands of sequenced genomes and comparative genomics. These contrains can be at the nucleotidic level, but also at the 3D scale. Studies showed that the spatial organization of bacterial genomes goes from the molecular level to the cellular level. At the molecular level, NAPs (Nuceloid Associated Proteins) are modeling the chromosome by inducing 10kb loops called microdomains, that present different supercoiling levels. At the cellular scale, it has been observed 4 different structured regions + 2 non-structured regions on E.coli's chromosome. These regions of approximatively 1Mbp are called macrodomains. The first goal of this project is to study the effects of positioning and constrains on gene expression in E.coli. With the chromosome being so large and precisely organized in time and space by several interacting elements simultaneously, it is often difficult for researchers to isolate one specific feature and to accurately correlate this to gene regulation. What becomes obvious when one begins to wade through the literature is that the field would greatly benefit from simplified model chromosomes
Nowak, Benjamin. "Diminuer la dépendance aux engrais de synthèse par le recyclage local des éléments minéraux : analyse des stratégies d'approvisionnement en éléments minéraux des exploitations agricoles biologiques." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00982802.
Full textDe, bortoli Valentin. "Statistiques non locales dans les images : modélisation, estimation et échantillonnage." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASN020.
Full textIn this thesis we study two non-localstatistics in images from a probabilistic point of view: spatialredundancy and convolutional neural network features. Moreprecisely, we are interested in the estimation and detection ofspatial redundancy in naturalimages. We also aim at sampling images with neural network constraints.We start by giving a definition of spatial redundancy in naturalimages. This definition relies on two concepts: a Gestalt analysisof the notion of similarity in images, and a hypothesis testingframework (the a contrario method). We propose an algorithm toidentify this redundancy in natural images. Using this methodologywe can detect similar patches in images and, with this information,we propose new algorithms for diverse image processing tasks(denoising, periodicity analysis).The rest of this thesis deals with sampling images with non-localconstraints. The image models we consider are obtained via themaximum entropy principle. The target distribution is then obtainedby minimizing an energy functional. We use tools from stochasticoptimization to tackle thisproblem.More precisely, we propose and analyze a new algorithm: the SOUL(Stochastic Optimization with Unadjusted Langevin) algorithm. Inthis methodology, the gradient is estimated using Monte Carlo MarkovChains methods. In the case of the SOUL algorithm we use an unadjustedLangevin algorithm. The efficiency of the SOUL algorithm is relatedto the ergodic properties of the underlying Markov chains. Thereforewe are interested in the convergence properties of certain class offunctional autoregressive models. We characterize precisely thedependency of the convergence rates of these models with respect totheir parameters (dimension, smoothness,convexity).Finally, we apply the SOUL algorithm to the problem ofexamplar-based texture synthesis with a maximum entropy approach. Wedraw links between our model and other entropy maximizationprocedures (macrocanonical models, microcanonical models). Usingconvolutional neural network constraints we obtain state-of-the artvisual results
Lacquement, Guillaume. "Mémoire de synthèse : Lire et analyser la transformation post-socialiste dans les territoires ruraux d'Allemagne orientale VOL.3." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00650927.
Full textRosu, Roxana Gabriela. "Parametric approaches for modelling local structure tensor fields with applications to texture analysis." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0102/document.
Full textThis thesis proposes and evaluates parametric frameworks for modelling local structure tensor (LST) fields computed on textured images. A texture’s underlying geometry is described in terms of orientation and anisotropy, estimated in each pixel by the LST. Defined as symmetric non-negative definite matrices, LSTs cannot be handled using the classical tools of Euclidean geometry. In this work, two complete Riemannian statistical frameworks are investigated to address the representation of symmetric positive definite matrices. They rely on the a ne-invariant (AI) and log-Euclidean (LE) metric spaces. For each framework, a Gaussian distribution and its corresponding mixture models are considered for statistical modelling. Solutions for parameter estimation are provided and parametric dissimilarity measures between statistical models are proposed as well. The proposed statistical frameworks are first considered for characterising LST fields computed on textured images. Both AI and LE models are first employed to handle marginal LST distributions. Then, LE models are extended to describe joint LST distributions with the purpose of characterising both spatial and multiscale dependencies. The theoretical models’ fit to empirical LST distributions is experimentally assessed for a texture set composed of a large diversity of patterns. The descriptive potential of the proposed statistical models are then assessed in two applications. A first application consists of texture recognition. It deals with very high resolution remote sensing images and carbonaceous material images issued from high resolution transmission electron microscopy technology. The LST statistical modelling based approaches for texture characterisation outperform, in most cases, the state of the art methods. Competitive texture classification performances are obtained when modelling marginal LST distributions on both AI and LE metric spaces. When modelling joint LST distributions, a slight gain in performance is obtained with respect to the case when marginal distributions are modelled. In addition, the LST based methods’ intrinsic ability to address the rotation invariance prerequisite that arises in many classification tasks dealing with anisotropic textures is experimentally validated as well. In contrast, state of the art methods achieve a rather pseudo rotation invariance. A second application concerns LST field synthesis. To this purpose, monoscale and multiscale pyramidal approaches relying on a Markovian hypothesis are developed. Experiments are carried out on toy LST field examples and on real texture LST fields. The successful synthesis results obtained when optimal parameter configurations are employed, are a proof of the real descriptive potential of the proposed statistical models. However, the experiments have also shown a high sensitivity to the parameters’ choice, that may be due to statistical inference limitations in high dimensional spaces
Stein, Shiromoto Humberto. "Stabilisation sous contraintes locales et globales." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01023554.
Full textGunnarsson, Cecilia. "Steroid converting enzymes in breast cancer /." Linköping : Univ, 2005. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2005/med908s.pdf.
Full textOesterlé, Benoît. "Étude des caractéristiques locales d'un écoulement gaz-solide en suspension diluée : Transferts cinétiques dans la phase solide." Nancy 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NAN10082.
Full textLemarchand, Antoine. "Modélisation multi-modèle incertaine du trafic routier et suivi robuste de profils optimaux aux entrées des voies périurbaines." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENT117/document.
Full textThis document synthesizes my Phd thesis work in Automatic Control in Grenoble-INP. This thesis has been prepared in the automatic control department of thelaboratory GIPSA-lab. This work is situated in the area of traffic systems control andsupervision. Our contributions are about modeling, supervision and local traffic control.The CTM traffic model has been extended with a model of uncertainties. Thisnews model allows us to take into account the uncertain parameters of the model, topropose new robust switched control law.In addition to this modeling approach, we propose some developments on supervisionof trafic systems. On one hand, we can estimate the operating mode of thesystem in real time and on the other hand to estimate some faults on the system. Thedynamical estimation of the operating mode allows us to know the state of congestion(or non congestion) of the road. We are able to estimate faults such as speed fall andcapacities drop that may appear.Finally, we propose two control laws based on switching systems control. The developedcontrollers adapt their geometry to the properties of the system. The purposeof these controllers is to be inserted in a hierarchic control scheme
Abriat, Patrick. "Conception et réalisation d'un système multi-agent de robotique permettant de récupérer les erreurs dans les cellules flexibles." Compiègne, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991COMPD411.
Full textFarooq, Muhammad Akmal. "Potential of omega-3 EPA/DHA 6/1 to ameliorate ageing-related endothelial dysfunction." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAJ107/document.
Full textEPA:DHA 6:1 omega-3 formulation has been shown to induce a sustained endothelial NO synthase-derived formation of nitric oxide. This study examined if the intake of EPA:DHA 6:1 improves an established ageing-related endothelial dysfunction. Ageing-related endothelial dysfunction was characterized by a blunted NO-mediated component of relaxation, abolished EDH-mediated component and increased COX-derived endothelium-dependent contractile responses. Ageing increased vascular oxidative stress, expression of NADPH oxidase subunits, COX-2, eNOS, ACE, AT1R, and senescence markers, whereas COX-1 was down-regulated. Chronic intake of EPA:DHA 6:1 improved the NO-mediated relaxations, reduced EDCFs, vascular oxidative stress and normalized the expression of protein markers. In conclusion, chronic intake of EPA:DHA 6:1 prevented the ageing-related endothelial dysfunction in old rats, most likely by preventing activation of the local angiotensin system and the subsequent vascular oxidative stress
Sung-HseinHsieh and 謝松憲. "Facial Expression Synthesis: Global Structure and Local Detailed Texture Syntheses Using Factor Analysis and GentleBoost Algorithm." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99336278150889320419.
Full text國立成功大學
資訊工程學系碩博士班
98
Nowadays, facial expression synthesis plays an important role in human-computer interaction. However, facial expression involves many factors. For example, non-rigid motion of facial features, wrinkles due to skin deformation, and illumination. In addition, different cultures and personalities make the same expression have a large variation (e.g., some people smile with their open mouth, but some with closed mouth). These factors make facial synthesis become a challenge task. Human face in generally is composed of two types of patches. One is visually invariant when changing facial expression, while the other one is variant. In this study, two types of patches are defined as expression-invariant patches and expression-variant patches, respectively. Facial expression synthesis system is dedicated to expression-variant patches, which can improve synthesis results. GentleBoost algorithm is proposed to automatically classify all patches as two types, which is the basis of our novel synthesis system. Our system is a two-step approach, global model step and local model step, which synthesize facial expression images with local detailed texture by constraining a global facial structure. First, facial expression types are clustered by a modified K-mean algorithm that the similarity measurement is based on the expression-variant patches. At global model step, factor analysis is applied for each facial expression type with the concept of combined space in order to find models the relationship between neutral expression and a specific facial expression. Then, global facial structure with a specific expression can be synthesized by the known relationship. At local model step, a Markov random field is used to synthesize local detailed textures, which are constrained by the global structure, in theses expression-variant patches. Experimental results show that our system can synthesize more detailed texture and more natural expression compared with other methods by applying the proposed two-step approach being dedicated to expression-variant patches. In addition, our synthesized results can contain virtual texture which can’t emerge in neutral input images such as teeth.
Li, Jian-Ri, and 李建儀. "Expression of Hyaluronic Acid Synthase-1 Related Signal Transduction Molecules Correlate Cancer Local Recurrence and Distant Metastases in Upper Urinary Tract Transitional Cell Carcinoma." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95601099160945869089.
Full text國立中興大學
醫學科技研究所
97
Background & Aims: Hyaluronic acid synthase type 1(HAS-1) was considered a key enzyme in the tumor proliferation and migration. We investigate the potential association between HAS-1 and clinical tumor grade, stage, chemotherapy response, tumor metastases and local recurrence. The molecular biologic cancer proliferation and migration pathway through HAS-1 was also studied. Methods: From January 2008 to March 2009, a total 32 patients who have urothelial carcinoma and received nephroureterectomy or cystectomy were enrolled. We analyzed the HAS-1 and CD44 mRNA expression of the tumor samples using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The clinical stage, tumor grading, angiolymphatic invasion, existence of carcinoma in situ, development of distant metastases or local recurrence were collected. We also selected urothelial carcinoma cell lines T24, TSGH, TCCSUP, RT4, 5637, J82 to investigate the correlation between cell proliferation, migration and HAS-1 expression. The possible pathway of cell proliferation through HAS-1 was studied. Results: HAS-1 mRNA PCR showed overexpression in high grade and high clinical stage tissue samples. Recurrence developed in those whose tumor tissue HAS-1 overexpression without adjuvant chemotherapy. CD44 mRNA did not showed overexpression among these tissues. In the cell line study, HAS-1 overexpression was not found. CD44 and VEGF overexpression were observed in T24 and J82 cell line and the the cell motility were also better in these two cell lines. Conclusions: HAS-1 expression combined with clinical pathological stage could offer better decision making in the adjuvant chemotherapy. Downstream CD44 and related markers need more data to support the signal transduction pathway. In cell line studies, the bladder cancer proliferation and migration pathway may correlate with the hypothetic key factor, CD44. T24 and J82 cell lines showed much more malignant behavior and were suitable for further studies.
Lin, Chia-jui, and 林嘉銳. "Computer simulation of binding site of maltooligosyltrehalose synthase with maltooligosaccharide and effects of mutations of residues located in substrate binding site on the transglycosyl activities." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11709920497591587935.
Full text國立臺灣海洋大學
食品科學系
94
The maltooligosyltrehalose synthase (MTSase) mainly catalyzes an intramolecular transglycosyl reaction to form maltooligosyltrehalose from maltooligosaccharides by converting the α-1,4-glucosidic linkage at the reducing end to an α-1,1-glucosidic linkage. In addition to transglycosylation reaction, MTSase also catalysis a hydrolysis reaction to release glucose. The hydrolysis activity of MTSase was higher when using maltotriose as substrate than maltooligosaccharides with a higher degree of polymerization (DP), and this phenomenon may relate to the low binding ability of MTSase to low DP substrates. In order to know the residues located in the substrate binding site, computer simulation was used. The results of computer simulation showed that residues KX, DX, EX, DX and RX are located between subsite -2 and -4, and are hydrogen bonds between enzymes and maltopentaose. In order to confirm the proposed hydrogen bonds between MTSase and maltopentaose, mutants DXA, DXA, and RXA were constructed. The mutant DNA vectors were obtained by PCR amplification. Then the wild-type and mutant DNA were transformed into E. coli Rosetta (DE3) to express wild-type and mutant MTSases, respectively. The specific activities of purified wild-type, mutant DXA, DXA, and RXA MTSases were 84.26 U/mg, 1.10 U/mg, 1.21 U/mg, and 1.19 U/mg, respectively. The kcat / KM values of DXA, DXA, and RXA MTSases were lower than that of wild-type MTSase for 69.63 ~ 76.6 folds. This result suggest that the residues X, X and X were the important residues to the activity of MTSase. All mutant MTSases had large changes in Δ(ΔG), suggesting that there are hydrogen bonds between the substrate and residues X, X and X of wild-type MTSase.