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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Synthesis of arts'
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1
Grainger, Roger. "A synthesis of dramatherapy research." Thesis, Leeds Beckett University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327695.
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Lövgren, Håkan. "Eisenstein's labyrinth : aspects of a cinematic synthesis of the arts." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Slaviska institutionen, 1996. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-69526.
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Kong, David Sun 1979. "Microfluidic gene synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45755.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2008."June 2008."
Includes bibliographical references.
The ability to synthesize custom de novo DNA constructs rapidly, accurately, and inexpensively is highly desired by researchers, as synthetic genes and longer DNA constructs are enabling to numerous powerful applications in both traditional molecular biology and the emerging field of synthetic biology, from the synthesis of large sets of novel proteins to the complete re-writing of bacterial genomes. However, the current cost of de novo synthesis--driven largely by reagent and handling costs-is a significant barrier to the widespread availability of such technology. The use of microfluidic technology greatly reduces reaction volumes and corresponding reagent and handling costs. Additionally, microfluidic technology enables large numbers of complex reactions to be performed in parallel, while facilitating the automation and integration of multiple processes in a single device. While microfluidic devices have been used to miniaturize a variety of chemical and biological processes, the benefits of such devices have yet to be realized in the area of de novo DNA synthesis. This thesis reports the first demonstration of gene synthesis in a microfluidic environment. A variety of DNA constructs with sizes as large as 1 kb were fabricated in parallel in a multi-chamber microfluidic device at volumes one to two orders of magnitude lower than those utilized in conventional bench top techniques. This thesis also reports on progress toward the direct synthesis of genes from hybrid microfluidic-DNA microarray devices, the integration of microfluidic gene synthesis with on-chip protein synthesis, and the microfluidic hierarchical synthesis of long DNA molecules.
by David Sun Kong.
Ph.D.
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Kim, Youngmoo E. "Singing voice analysis/synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62044.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-115).
The singing voice is the oldest and most variable of musical instruments. By combining music, lyrics, and expression, the voice is able to affect us in ways that no other instrument can. As listeners, we are innately drawn to the sound of the human voice, and when present it is almost always the focal point of a musical piece. But the acoustic flexibility of the voice in intimating words, shaping phrases, and conveying emotion also makes it the most difficult instrument to model computationally. Moreover, while all voices are capable of producing the common sounds necessary for language understanding and communication, each voice possesses distinctive features independent of phonemes and words. These unique acoustic qualities are the result of a combination of innate physical factors and expressive characteristics of performance, reflecting an individual's vocal identity. A great deal of prior research has focused on speech recognition and speaker identification, but relatively little work has been performed specifically on singing. There are significant differences between speech and singing in terms of both production and perception. Traditional computational models of speech have focused on the intelligibility of language, often sacrificing sound quality for model simplicity. Such models, however, are detrimental to the goal of singing, which relies on acoustic authenticity for the non-linguistic communication of expression and emotion. These differences between speech and singing dictate that a different and specialized representation is needed to capture the sound quality and musicality most valued in singing.
(cont.) This dissertation proposes an analysis/synthesis framework specifically for the singing voice that models the time-varying physical and expressive characteristics unique to an individual voice. The system operates by jointly estimating source-filter voice model parameters, representing vocal physiology, and modeling the dynamic behavior of these features over time to represent aspects of expression. This framework is demonstrated to be useful for several applications, such as singing voice coding, automatic singer identification, and voice transformation.
by Youngmoo Edmund Kim.
Ph.D.
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Payne, Andrew C. (Andrew Colin). "Towards sequencing by synthesis In Situ." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/113770.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 53-55).
The development of fluorescence in situ nucleic acid sequencing (FISSEQ) will permit investigators to answer scientific questions in which the spatial context of gene expression rather than just identity and abundance - must be taken into account; recent progress in biological sample engineering, including physical expansion of tissue (i.e. Expansion Microscopy), will radically empower this technology (ExSEQ). However, in situ sequencing is technically difficult to implement, requiring an investigator to be familiar with a wide variety of techniques in molecular biology, microfluidics, fluorescence microscopy, image processing, and bioinformatics, and improvements are still needed before it is widely practicable. In this work, we investigate the use of sequencing by synthesis - as opposed to the currently practiced method of sequencing by ligation - in order to realize improvements in usability and performance. We demonstrate the viability of sequencing by synthesis reactions in situ, characterize their performance, and describe a route from demonstration to practice.
by Andrew C. Payne.
S.M.
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Vigliensoni, Martin Augusto. "Touchless gestural control of concatenative sound synthesis." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104846.
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This thesis presents research on three-dimensional position tracking technologies used to control concatenative sound synthesis and applies the achieved research results to the design of a new immersive interface for musical expression. The underlying concepts and characteristics of position tracking technologies are reviewed and musical applications using these technologies are surveyed to exemplify their use. Four position tracking systems based on different technologies are empirically compared according to their performance parameters, technical specifications, and practical considerations of use. Concatenative sound synthesis, a corpus-based synthesis technique grounded on the segmentation, analysis and concatenation of sound units, is discussed. Three implementations of this technique are compared according to the characteristics of the main components involved in the architecture of these systems. Finally, this thesis introduces SoundCloud, an implementation that extends the interaction possibilities of one of the concatenative synthesis systems reviewed, providing a novel visualisation application. SoundCloud allows a musician to perform with a database of sounds distributed in a three-dimensional descriptor space by exploring a performance space with her hands.Ce mémoire de thèse présente une nouvelle interface pour l'expression musicale combinant la synthèse sonore par concaténation et les technologies de captation de mouvements dans l'espace. Ce travail commence par une présentation des dispositifs de capture de position de type main-libre, en étudiant leur principes de fonctionnement et leur caractéristiques. Des exemples de leur application dans les contextes musicaux sont aussi étudiés. Une attention toute particulière est accordée à quatre systèmes: leurs spécifications techniques ainsi que leurs performances (évaluées par des métriques quantitatives) sont comparées expérimentalement. Ensuite, la synthèse concaténative est décrite. Cette technique de synthèse sonore consiste à synthéthiser une séquence musicale cible à partir de sons pré-enregistrés, sélectionnés et concaténés en fonction de leur adéquation avec la cible. Trois implémentations de cette technique sont comparées, permettant ainsi d'en choisir une pour notre application. Enfin, nous décrivons SoundCloud, une nouvelle interface qui, en ajoutant une interface visuelle à la méthode de synthèse concaténative, permet d'en étendre les possibilités de contrôle. SoundCloud permet en effet de contrôler la synthése de sons en utilisant des gestes libres des mains pour naviguer au sein d'un espace tridimensionnel de descripteurs des sons d'une base de données.
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García, Ricardo A. (Ricardo Antonio) 1974. "Automatic generation of sound synthesis techniques." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61542.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (p. 97-98).
Digital sound synthesizers, ubiquitous today in sound cards, software and dedicated hardware, use algorithms (Sound Synthesis Techniques, SSTs) capable of generating sounds similar to those of acoustic instruments and even totally novel sounds. The design of SSTs is a very hard problem. It is usually assumed that it requires human ingenuity to design an algorithm suitable for synthesizing a sound with certain characteristics. Many of the SSTs commonly used are the fruit of experimentation and a long refinement processes. A SST is determined by its "functional form" and "internal parameters". Design of SSTs is usually done by selecting a fixed functional form from a handful of commonly used SSTs, and performing a parameter estimation technique to find a set of internal parameters that will best emulate the target sound. A new approach for automating the design of SSTs is proposed. It uses a set of examples of the desired behavior of the SST in the form of "inputs + target sound". The approach is capable of suggesting novel functional forms and their internal parameters, suited to follow closely the given examples. Design of a SST is stated as a search problem in the SST space (the space spanned by all the possible valid functional forms and internal parameters, within certain limits to make it practical). This search is done using evolutionary methods; specifically, Genetic Programming (GP). A custom language for representing and manipulating SSTs as topology graphs and expression trees is proposed, as well as the mapping rules between both representations. Fitness functions that use analytical and perceptual distance metrics between the target and produced sounds are discussed. The AGeSS system (Automatic Generation of Sound Synthesizers) developed in the Media Lab is outlined, and some SSTs and their evolution are shown.
by Ricardo A. García.
S.M.
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Essa, Irfan A. (Irfan Aziz). "Analysis, interpretation and synthesis of facial expressions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29086.
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Chow, Brian 1978. "Photoelectromechanical synthesis of low-cost DNA microarrays." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42405.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2008.Includes bibliographical references.
Recent advances in de novo gene synthesis, library construction, and genomic selection for target sequencing using DNA from custom microarrays have demonstrated that microarrays can effectively be used as the world's cheapest sources of complex oligonucleotide pools. Unfortunately, commercial custom microarrays are expensive and not easily accessible to academic researchers, and technical challenges still exist for dealing with the small amount of DNA synthesized on a chip. Genomic research would certainly benefit from the creation of cheaper custom microarrays with larger oligonucleotide concentrations per spot. This thesis presents the development of a novel DNA microarray synthesis platform based on semiconductor photoelectrochemistry (PEC) designed with these needs in mind. An amorphous silicon photoconductor is activated by an optical projection system to create "virtual electrodes" that electrochemically generate protons in a site-selective manner, thereby cleaving acid-labile dimethoxytrityl protecting groups with the spatial selectivity that is required for in-situ DNA synthesis. This platform has the potential to be particularly low-cost since it employs standard phosphoramidite reagents, visible wavelength optics, and a cheaply microfabricated and reusable substrate. By incorporating a porous thin-film glass that dramatically increases the DNA quantity produced by over an order of magnitude per chip, this platform may also simplify the handling of DNA cleaved from chip and drive down the cost per base synthesized. The hybridization detection of single-base errors was successfully demonstrated on PEC synthesized microarrays. This thesis also reports a suite of new surface chemistries and high-resolution techniques for patterning biological molecules.
by Brian Yichiun Chow.
Ph.D.
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Nouar, Farid. "Design, Synthesis and Post-Synthetic Modifications of Functional Metal-Organic Materials." Scholar Commons, 2010. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1725.
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Porous solids are a class of materials of high scientific and technological significance. Indeed, they have the ability to interact with atoms, ions or molecules not only at their surface but also throughout the bulk of the solid. This ability places these materials as a major class involved in many applications such as gas storage and separation, catalysis, drug delivery and sensor technology.
Metal-Organic Materials (MOMs) or coordination polymers (CPs) are crystalline compounds constructed from metal ions or clusters and organic components that are linked via coordination bonds to form zero-, one-, two or three-periodic structures. Porous Metal-Organic Materials (MOMs) or Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are a relatively new class of nanoporous materials that typically possess regular micropores stable upon removal of guests. An extraordinary academic and industrial interests was witnessed over the past two decades and is evidenced by a fantastic grow of these new materials. Indeed, due to a self-assembly process and readily available metals and organic linkers, an almost infinite number of materials can, in principle, be synthesized. However, a rational design is very challenging but not impossible. In theory, MOMs could be designed and synthesized with tuned functionalities toward specific properties that will determine their potential applications.
The present research involves the design and synthesis of functional porous Metal-Organic Materials that can be used as platforms for specific studies related to many applications such as for example gas storage and particularly hydrogen storage. In this manuscript, I will discuss the studies performed on existing major Metal-Organic Frameworks, namely Zeolite-like Metal-Organic Frameworks (ZMOFs) that were designed and synthesized in my research group. My research was also focused on the design and the synthesis of new highly porous isoreticular materials based on Metal-Organic Polyhedra (MOP) where desirable functionality and unique features can be introduced in the final material prior and/or after the assembly process. The use of hetero-functional ligands for a rational design toward binary or ternary net will also be discussed in this dissertation.
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Kauffman, Elizabeth. "Adrian Piper and Immanuel Kant toward a synthesis of art and philosophy /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1259076570.
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Rehme, S. ""The multimedia of our unconscious life" : Anaïs Nin and the synthesis of the arts." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1407702/.
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This thesis explores Anaïs Nin’s idea of a synthesis of the arts in writing and its extension to different media through an analysis of her interdisciplinary collaborations with artists and composers in the United States of the 1950s and 1960s. I discuss these collaborations within the context of Nin’s unconventional understanding of the unconscious as multidimensional space and her interest in the sensory effects of different art forms, which are at the centre of Nin’s art theory. I look at the sources she drew on to formulate her ideas in Paris of the 1930s, including Symbolism, D.H. Lawrence’s writing, French Surrealism and various psychoanalytical models, and discuss how they relate to cultural and socio-political developments in America at mid-century. This includes a strong focus on Nin’s ambiguous negotiation of female identity and female creativity in her writing and the frictions it causes when it is translated into other media by her male collaborators. While Nin’s interest in different art forms and her attempt at imitating their sensuous effects in writing has been explored from a literary perspective, Nin’s extra-literary collaborations remain largely unexplored. Similarly, the work of most of the artists Nin collaborated with has not been analysed critically in a scholarly context. Unlike previous studies of Nin’s work, then, the approach of this thesis is an interdisciplinary analysis of her collaborations, which focuses equally on Nin’s writing and on the work and input of the artists she worked with. Each of the four chapters focuses on a different collaboration and art form including photomontage, film, music and collage. This thesis argues that Nin’s artistic encounters and her engagement with different art forms in America of the 1950s and 60s open up interesting new discourses around interdisciplinarity and gender, the legacy of surrealism in America and counterculture art production in the 1960s.
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Jehan, Tristan 1974. "Perceptual synthesis engine : an audio-driven timbre generator." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61543.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-75).
A real-time synthesis engine which models and predicts the timbre of acoustic instruments based on perceptual features extracted from an audio stream is presented. The thesis describes the modeling sequence including the analysis of natural sounds, the inference step that finds the mapping between control and output parameters, the timbre prediction step, and the sound synthesis. The system enables applications such as cross-synthesis, pitch shifting or compression of acoustic instruments, and timbre morphing between instrument families. It is fully implemented in the Max/MSP environment. The Perceptual Synthesis Engine was developed for the Hyperviolin as a novel, generic and perceptually meaningful synthesis technique for non-discretely pitched instruments.
by Tristan Jehan.
S.M.
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Métois, Eric. "Musical sound information : musical gestures and embedding synthesis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29125.
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Schoner, Bernd 1969. "Probabilistic characterization and synthesis of complex driven systems." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62352.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 194-204).
Real-world systems that have characteristic input-output patterns but don't provide access to their internal states are as numerous as they are difficult to model. This dissertation introduces a modeling language for estimating and emulating the behavior of such systems given time series data. As a benchmark test, a digital violin is designed from observing the performance of an instrument. Cluster-weighted modeling (CWM), a mixture density estimator around local models, is presented as a framework for function approximation and for the prediction and characterization of nonlinear time series. The general model architecture and estimation algorithm are presented and extended to system characterization tools such as estimator uncertainty, predictor uncertainty and the correlation dimension of the data set. Furthermore a real-time implementation, a Hidden-Markov architecture, and function approximation under constraints are derived within the framework. CWM is then applied in the context of different problems and data sets, leading to architectures such as cluster-weighted classification, cluster-weighted estimation, and cluster-weighted sampling. Each application relies on a specific data representation, specific pre and post-processing algorithms, and a specific hybrid of CWM. The third part of this thesis introduces data-driven modeling of acoustic instruments, a novel technique for audio synthesis. CWM is applied along with new sensor technology and various audio representations to estimate models of violin-family instruments. The approach is demonstrated by synthesizing highly accurate violin sounds given off-line input data as well as cello sounds given real-time input data from a cello player.
by Bernd Schoner.
Ph.D.
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Boyes, Graham. "Dictionary-based analysis/synthesis and structured representations of musical audio." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106507.
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In the representation of musical audio, it is common to favour either a signal or symbol interpretation, where mid-level representation is an emerging topic. In this thesis we investigate the perspective of structured, intermediate representations through an integration of theoretical aspects related to separable sound objects, dictionary-based methods of signal analysis, and object-oriented programming. In contrast to examples in the literature that approach an intermediate representation from the signal level, we orient our formulation towards the symbolic level. This methodology is applied to both the specification of analytical techniques and the design of a software framework. Experimental results demonstrate that our method is able to achieve a lower Itakura-Saito distance, a perceptually-motivated measure of spectral dissimilarity, when compared to a generic model and that our structured representation can be applied to visualization as well as agglomerative post-processing.Dans la représentation du signal audio musical, il est commun de favoriser une interprétation de type signal ou bien de type symbole, alors que la représentation de type mi-niveau, ou intermédiaire, devient un sujet d'actualité. Dans cette thèse nous investiguons la perspective de ces représentations intermédiaires et structurées. Notre recherche intègre tant les aspects théoriques liés à des objets sonores séparables, que les méthodes d'analyse des signaux fondées sur des dictionnaires, et ce jusqu'à la conception de logiciels conus dans le cadre de la programmation orienté objet. Contrairement aux exemples disponibles dans la littérature notre approche des représentations intermédiaires part du niveau symbolique pour aller vers le signal, plutôt que le contraire. Cette méthodologie est appliquée non seulement à la spécification de techniques analytiques mais aussi à la conception d'un système logiciel afférent. Les résultats expérimentaux montrent que notre méthode est capable de réduire la distance d'Itakura-Saito, distance fondé sur la perception, ceci en comparaison à une méthode de décomposition générique. Nous montrons également que notre représentation structurée peut être utilisée dans des applications pratiques telles que la visualisation, l'agrégation post-traitement ainsi qu'en composition musicale.
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Rodgers, Tara. "Synthesizing sound: metaphor in audio-technical discourse and synthesis history." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97090.
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Synthesized sound is ubiquitous in contemporary music and aural environments around the world. Yet, relatively little has been written on its cultural origins and meanings. This dissertation constructs a long history of synthesized sound that examines the century before synthesizers were mass-produced in the 1970s, and attends to ancient and mythic themes that circulate in contemporary audio-technical discourse. Research draws upon archival materials including late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century acoustics texts, and inventors' publications, correspondence, and synthesizer product manuals from the 1940s through the 1970s. As a feminist history of synthesized sound, this project investigates how metaphors in audio-technical discourse are invested with notions of identity and difference. Through analyses of key concepts in the history of synthesized sound, I argue that audio-technical language and representation, which typically stands as neutral, in fact privileges the perspective of an archetypal Western, white, and male subject. I identify two primary metaphors for conceiving electronic sounds that were in use by the early-twentieth century and continue to inform sonic epistemologies: electronic sounds as waves, and electronic sounds as individuals. The wave metaphor, in circulation since ancient times, produces an affective orientation to audio technologies based on a masculinist and colonizing subject position, whereby the generation and control of electronic sound entails the pleasure and danger of navigating and taming unruly waves. The second metaphor took shape over the nineteenth century as sounds, like modern bodies and subjects, came to be understood as individual entities with varying properties to be analyzed and controlled. Notions of sonic individuation and variability emerged in the contexts of Darwinian thought and a cultural fascination with electricity as a kind of animating force. Practices of classifying sounds as individuals, sorted by desirable and undesirable aesthetic variations, were deeply entwined with epistemologies of gender and racial difference in Western philosophy and modern science. Synthesized sound also inherits other histories, including applications of the terms synthesis and synthetic in diverse cultural fields; designs of earlier mechanical and electronic devices; and developments in musical modernism and electronics hobbyist cultures. The long-term and broad perspective on synthesis history adopted in this study aims to challenge received truths in audio-technical discourse and resist the linear and coherent progress narratives often found in histories of technology and new media. This dissertation aims to make important contributions to fields of sound and media studies, which can benefit from feminist contributions generally and elaboration on forms and meanings of synthesis technologies specifically. Also, feminist scholars have extensively theorized visual cultures and technologies, with few extended investigations of sound and audio technologies. This project also aims to open up new directions in a field of feminist sound studies by historicizing notions of identity and difference in audio-technical discourse, and claiming the usefulness of sound to feminist thought.Le son synthétique est omniprésent dans la musique contemporaine et dans l'environnement sonore à l'échelle mondiale. Cependant, on a relativement peu écrit sur sa signification ou sur ses origines culturelles. Cette thèse construit une longue histoire du son synthétique au cours du siècle avant que ne soit massivement introduit le synthétiseur dans les années 1970; et s'attache aux thèmes anciens et mythiques qui émanent dans le discours contemporain de la technique audio. Cette recherche s'appuie sur des documents d'archives, y compris ceux de la fin du xixe siècle et du début du xxe siècle, comprenant des textes acoustiques, des publications d'inventeurs, de la correspondance ou des manuels d'utilisation des synthétiseurs à partir des années 1940 jusqu'aux années 1970.En tant que récit féministe du son synthétique, ce projet étudie comment les métaphores dans le discours de la technique audio sont porteuses de notions d'identité et de différence. À travers l'analyse de concepts clés de l'histoire du son synthétique, j'affirme que le langage de la technique audio et sa représentation, qui passe habituellement pour neutre, privilégie en fait la perspective masculine, archétypale du sujet blanc occidental. J'identifie deux métaphores primaires pour la conception des sons électroniques qui ont été utilisés à l'aube du xxe siècle et qui contribuent sans cesse à une épistémologie du son: des sons électroniques comme des vagues et les sons électroniques en tant qu'individus. La métaphore des vagues, en circulation depuis l'aube des temps, est productrice d'un affect aux technologies audio, typiquement basé sur un point de vue masculin et colonisateur; où la création et le contrôle du son électronique entraîne le plaisir et le danger propre à la navigation sur une mer houleuse. La seconde métaphore a pris forme au cours du xixe siècle au moment où les sons, comme des organismes vivants modernes, sujets, se sont vus interprétés comme de véritables entités individuelles aux propriétés variables pouvant faire l'objet d'analyse et de contrôle. Les notions d'individuation et de variabilité sonore émergèrent dans le contexte d'une pensée Darwinienne, alors qu'une fascination culturelle pour l'électricité vue comme une sorte de puissance immuable, se forgeait. Les méthodes de classification des sons en tant qu'individus, triés en fonction de variations esthétiques désirables ou indésirables, ont été intimement liées aux épistémologies du sexe et de la différence raciale dans la philosophie occidentale et dans les sciences modernes. Le son électronique est aussi l'héritier d'autres histoires, incluant les usages de notions telles que synthèse ou synthétique dans divers champs culturels; le design des premiers dispositifs mécaniques et électroniques, ou encore l'évolution de la modernité musicale et le développement d'un public amateur de culture électronique. La perspective à long terme et le large spectre sur l'histoire de la synthèse musicale adoptée dans cette étude vise à contester les vérités reçues dans le discours ambiant de la technique audio et à résister à la progression d'histoires linéaires et cohérentes qu'on trouve encore trop souvent dans l'histoire de la technologie et des nouveaux médias. Cette thèse contribue d'une façon importante au domaine des études en son et médias, qui pourraient à leur tour bénéficier d'un apport féministe en général et plus spécifiquement de l'élaboration des formes et des significations des technologies de la synthèse musicale. En outre, si les universitaires féministes ont largement théorisé les nouvelles cultures technologiques ou visuelles, peu d'entre elles ont exploré le son et les techniques audio. Ce projet veut ouvrir de nouvelles voies dans un domaine d'études féministes du son dans une perspective historienne avec des notions d'identité et de différence dans le discours de la technique audio, tout en clamant l'utilité du son à une pensée féministe.
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Lee, JungSuk. "Categorization and modeling of sound sources for sound analysis/synthesis." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=116954.
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In this thesis, various sound analysis/re-synthesis schemes are investigated in a source/filter model framework, with emphasis on the source component. This research provides improved methods and tools for sound designers, composersand musicians to flexibly analyze and synthesize sounds used for gaming, film or computer music, ranging from abstract, complex sounds to those of real musical instruments. First, an analysis-synthesis scheme for the reproduction of a rolling ball sound is presented. The proposed scheme is based on the assumption that the rolling sound is generated by a concatenation of micro-contacts between a ball and a surface, each having associated resonances. Contact timing information is extracted from the rolling sound using an onset detection process, allowing for segmentation of a rolling sound. Segmented sound snippets are presumed to correspond to micro-contacts between a ball and a surface; thus, subband based linear predictions (LP) are performed to model time-varying resonances and anti-resonances. The segments are then resynthesized and overlap-added to form a complete rolling sound. A "granular" analysis/synthesis approach is also applied to various kinds of environmental sounds (rain, fireworks, walking, clapping) as an additional investigation into how the source type influences the strategic choices for the analysis/synthesis of sounds. The proposed granular analysis/synthesis system allows for flexible analysis of complex sounds and re-synthesis with temporal modification. Lastly, a novel approach to extract a pluck excitation from a recorded plucked string sound is proposed within a source / filter context using physical models. A time domain windowing method and an inverse filtering-based method are devised based on the behavior of wave propagation on the string. In addition, a parametric model of the pluck excitation as well as a method to estimate its parameters are addressed.Dans cette thèse, nous avons étudié plusieurs scéhmas d'analyse/synthèse dans le cadre des modèles source/filtre, avec un attention particulière portée sur la composante de source. Cette recherche améliore les méthodes ainsi que les outils fournis créateurs de sons, compositeurs et musiciens désirant analyser et synthétiser avec flexibilité des sons destinés aux jeux vidéos, au cinéma ou à la musique par ordinateur. Ces sons peuvent aller de sons abstraits et complexes à ceux provenant d'instruments de musique existants. En premier lieu, un schéma d'analyse-synthèse est introduit permettant la reproduction du son d'une balle en train de rouler. Ce schéma est fondé sur l'hypothèse que le son de ce roulement est généré par la concaténation de micro-contacts entre balle et surface, chacune d'elles possédant sa proper série de résonances. L'information relative aux temps de contact est extradite du son du roulement que l'on cherche à reproduire au moyen d'une procédure détectant le début du son afin de le segmenter. Les segments de son ainsi isolés sont supposés correspondre aux micro-contacts entre la balle et la surface. Ainsi un algorithme de prédiction linéaire est effectué par sous-bande, préalablement extraites afin de modéliser des résonances et des anti-résonances variants dans le temps. Les segments sont ensuite re-synthétisés, superposés et additionnés pour reproduire le son du roulement dans son entier. Cette approche d'analyse/synthèse "granulaire" est également appliquée à plusieurs sons de types environnementaux (pluie, feux d'artifice, marche, claquement) afin d'explorer plus avant l'influence du type de la source sur l'analyse/synthèse des sons. Le système proposé permet une analyse flexible de sons complexes et leur synthèse, avec la possibilité d'ajouter des modifications temporelles.Enfin, une approche novatrice pour extraire le signal d'excitation d'un son de corde pincée est présentée dans le contexte de schémas source/filtre sur une modèlisation physique. A cet effet, nous introduisons une méthode de type fenêtrage, et une méthode de filtrage inverse fondée sur le type de propagation selon laquelle l'onde se déplace le long de la corde. De plus, un modèle paramétrique de l'excitation par pincement ainsi qu'une méthode d'estimation de ces paramètres sont détaillés.
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Zekri, Souheil. "Synthesis and characterization of interfaces between naturally derived and synthetic nanostructures for biomedical applications." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002132.
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Jebara, Tony (Tony S. ). 1974. "Action-reaction learning : analysis and synthesis of human behaviour." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29544.
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Kan, Viirj. "Molecular design interactions : material synthesis for human interaction with fluids." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/112539.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 89-99).
[Color illustrations] Figure 0-1. Key elements within a Molecular Design Interactions interaction loop. Be it information embodied within rain, the oceans, a dinner plate, or human tears; the flow of information through fluids provides insights into the biological and chemical states of systems. Yet a large portion of our everyday experience with these systems remain inaccessible to users, designers and engineers whom operate outside the context of chemical disciplines. This thesis introduces a design framework coined Molecular Design Interactions, along with a toolbox of material based input-output devices termed Organic Primitives to facilitate the design of interactions with organic, fluid-based systems. The design methodology utilizes organic compounds from food for the development of color, odor and shape changing information displays. Activated by units of fluid information called droplets, this thesis focuses on pH signals in fluid as a model to demonstrate how molecular scale phenomena can be brought from materials into applications for interaction with a range of organic systems. A design language and vocabulary, drawing from signaling theory and molecular associations, offer designers a method with which to translate sensor-display output into meaningful experience designs for human perception. The design space showcases techniques for how the Organic Primitives can transcend beyond mere input-output devices to achieve higher order complexity. Passive and computational methods are presented to enable designers to control material interface output behaviors. An evaluation of the individual output properties of the sensors-actuators is presented to assess the rate, range, and reversibility of the changes as a function of pH 2-10. Strategies for how the materiality of objects can be augmented using Organic Primitives are investigated through several applications under four contexts: environmental, on-body, food, and interspecies. Molecular Design Interactions offers a process and toolbox to create interfaces between humans and molecules in fluids, across scales, from the nano to the macro systems.
by Viirj Kan.
S.M.
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Ramaraju, Praveen. "Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activities of S,S'-Heterosubstituted Disulfides." Scholar Commons, 2011. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3299.
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Antibiotic resistance is a particularly critical health concern and has increased dramatically over the past two decades. For over a decade the Turos laboratory has been designing small molecules to target pathogenic microbes such as Staphylococcus aureus and the resistant variants like methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Previously, N-thiolated Β-lactams, N-thiolated 2-oxazolidinones and aromatic disulfides that were synthesized in Dr. Turos' lab have shown strong activity against these bacteria. The present work describes the synthesis and antimicrobial activities of a related structural class called S,S'-heterosubstituted disulfides. For ages, sulfur (elemental) has been used as an antibacterial for controlling infestation and bacterial diseases. This is the starting point of this thesis. Chapter 1 discusses the various sulfur-containing antibiotic compounds and the importance of sulfur compounds to exhibit inhibitory activity against disease-causing pathogens. Also in this introductory chapter, the different sulfur functionalities and their respective modes of action were presented. The synthesis and the antimicrobial activities of the title compounds are described in chapter 2. S,S'-heterosubstituted disulfides were found to possess inhibitory activities against Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Francisella tulerensis and the fungi Candida albicans. From the bacterial viability assay and the trypan staining assay, these compounds were found to be bacteriostatic and fungistatic, and these structurally-simple disulfides may serve as new leads to the development of effective antibacterials for drug-resistant staph infections.
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Wilson, Jessica L. "Synthesis and magnetic properties of polymer nanocomposites." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000380.
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Gonçalves, Josilena Maria Zanello. "Integração das artes no Paraná - 1950 - 1970: a conquista do espaço público." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16131/tde-10102006-143702/.
Full textAbstract:
A partir da segunda metade da década de 1940,a arte moderna deixa o confinamento das galerias e ganha as ruas através de sua integração com a arquitetura. Esta pesquisa estuda a relação entre arquitetura moderna e arte no Paraná , no período compreendido entre os anos 1950 e 1970, e sua ação conjunta no sentido de consolidar o projeto moderno no Estado, através do estudo de murais concebidos integrados a obras de arquitetura.From the second half of the decade of 1940, the modern art leaves the confinement of the galleries and gains the streets through its integration with the architecture.This research studies the relation between architecture and modern art in the Paraná, in the period between years 1950 and 1970,and its joint action in the direction to consolidate the modern project in the State, through the study of murals conceived integrated with architecture.
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Wu, Ruizhi. "Enzymatic and Chemical Synthesis of Polyesters and Polycarbonates Derived from LTartaric Acid and Synthesis of Polycaprolactones Initiated by Cavitands." Scholar Commons, 2009. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/92.
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Due to the excellent properties of biodegradability and biocompatibility, aliphatic polycarbonate and polyesters are very promising either as biomaterials or as environmentally friendly materials to address growing ecological concerns. The first chapter describes an overview of ring-opening polymerization, enzymatic polymerization and their application on the polymerization of cyclic carbonate and lactones.
The second chapter describes the synthesis of enantiomerically pure functional polycarbonate from a novel seven-membered-cyclic carbonate (5S, 6S)- Dimethyl 5,6- isopropylidene-1,3-dioxepin-2-one (ITC) derived from naturally occurring L-tartaric acid. The monomer was synthesized in three steps and screened for polymerization with four commercially available lipases.
Block co-polymerization of ITC with ε-caprolactone in 'one-shot feeding' is reported in the third chapter. It is the first report of 'one-shot' block copolymerization of ε-caprolactone with a cyclic carbonate monomer. The deprotection of the ketal groups resulted in copolymers containing free hydroxy groups in the polymer backbone.
In chapter four, star-shaped poly(ε-caprolactone)'s (PCL) series based on two tetra-hydroxy resorcinarenes initiators were reported. These polymers were synthesized by the ring-opening polymerization. The data suggest that the initiator core directed the PCL-arms toward more interactions resulting in increasing in the rigidity of star-polymers compare to linear-PCL.
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Pezolet, Nicola. "Spectacles Plastiques : reconstruction and the debates on the "Synthesis of the Arts" in France, 1944-1962." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/79183.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D. in Architecture: History and Theory of Art)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2013.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. "February 2013."
Includes bibliographical references (p. 311-332).
My dissertation examines the collaborative efforts of different individuals and groups - such as Le Corbusier, the Salon des Réalités Nouvelles, Groupe Espace, and the Internationale Situationniste - which advocated a "synthesis of the arts" in the time period that corresponds to the Liberation until the beginning of the Fifth Republic. I consider a wide range of archival sources and projects, from the collective decoration of permanent buildings to temporary installations in galleries by way of outdoors art exhibitions and theatrical performances, many of which were sponsored by Eugene Claudius-Petit and the newly founded French Ministry of Reconstruction and Urbanism. The "synthesis of the arts" discourse was more than a faint humanist echo of the Wagnerian model of the Gesamtkuntwerk, or "total work of art": it was one of the primary routes along which the cultural and political conflicts of French modernization and governmentality were discussed. My study locates the "synthesis of the arts" amidst the effort to renovate a universalizing discourse linked to modernist art, on the one hand, and a nascent welfare state notion of public space (and its correlative rhetoric of beauty, hygiene, functionality, and accessibility), on the other. As such, the postwar synthesis discourse not only reflected but directly participated in the development and expansion of the French "cultural state". Rather than showing this discourse as unitary, the dissertation explores its complex and sometimes contradictory dimensions by analyzing the political and social connotations of three different categories: a heroic model, associated with the figure of Le Corbusier; a bureaucratic model, developed by Groupe Espace (1951-1956); and an oppositional model, deployed by AsgerJorn, Pinot-Gallizio, and others who became associated with the Situationists (1954-1962). Case studies include Le Corbusier's Usine Claude et Duval in Saint-Dié and Unité d'Habitation in Marseille, Bernard Zehrfuss and Felix Del Marle's Regie Nationale Renault factory complex in Flins, Michel Ragon and Jacques Polieri's first Festival d'Art d'Avant-Garde, and Cobra and Situationists enviroments such as the Architects' House and the Cavern of Anti-Matter.
by Nicola Pezolet.
Ph.D.in Architecture: History and Theory of Art
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Hernandez, Jesse. "Senses In Synthesis: Imaginative Sensing In The 19th Century." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/621.
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During the late 19th century, arts and literature had a surge of sensory awareness, made manifest through sensory analogy, intersensory metaphor, and synaesthesia. This dissertation explores this phenomenon through a study of five poets and artists: Charles Baudelaire, Arthur Rimbaud, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, John Barlas, and Julia Margaret Cameron. Using imaginative sensing, these artists transformed the relationship between artist and observer, assigning greater responsibility to their audience while simultaneously asserting artistic control of their work. Their fascination with sensory mixing and multisensory awareness demonstrates unique ideas about perception and embodiment, ideas that have sparked both controversy and imitation. I begin with a brief history of the condition known as synaesthesia, considering its position as an “abnormal” clinical condition, a desired artistic state of transcendence, and a simple transfer of metaphor. Chapter 1 describes how two French poems brought synaesthesia to public consciousness and prompted a literary movement. In Chapter 2, I explore how poet-painter Dante Rossetti used “acts of attention” and unheard music to demand viewers’ embodied participation. Chapter 3 introduces John Barlas, a relatively obscure British poet who crafted exotic, sensory-laden environments that hovered between the actual and imagined, insisting that the reader use his sensory imagination to participate. Moving to the realm of photography in Chapter 4, I consider Julia Margaret Cameron, whose “out-of-focus” pictures changed photography from a mechanistic technology to high art by incorporating the sense of touch. Historically, the senses have been ranked and separated, with priority given to vision, the sense most associated with reason. I argue that considering the senses as bundles of interconnected experiences and through imagination rather than as isolated methods of physical perception can show how the senses function culturally and give us a much greater understanding of how we process the world. While no time period has regarded the senses with the intensity of the late 19th century, the embodied approach of the era can be applied to our current “sensory revolution” and can impact how we regard technology, cultural studies, and interdisciplinarity. Evaluating how 19th century artists blended the senses through imaginative constructs gives a more thorough explanation of the characteristic sensuality of the period and provides a model for how sensing can function more fully in current endeavors.
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Lebar, Matthew D. "Antarctic Tunicates and Endophytic Fungi: Chemical Investigation and Synthesis." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3638.
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Drug discovery is reliant on new developments in natural product chemistry as well as advances in chemical synthesis. The interconnectivity and interdependence of natural and synthetic investigation in drug discovery is evident. The chemical exploration reported herein elaborates the relationship between natural product chemistry and chemical synthesis. Of particular interest are chemicals from organisms residing in less accessible environments, particularly Antarctica and endophytic microbial communities. Degradation via reductive ozonolysis of palmerolide A, a macrocyclic polyketide isolated from the Antarctic tunicate Synoicum adareanum, and subsequent synthetic preparation of the resulting polyols (1,2,6-hexanetriol and 1,2,3,6-hexanetetraol) led to a revision in the absolute configuration of the bioactive natural product (7R, 10R, 11R to 7S, 10S, 11S). A partial synthesis of palmerolide A (C3-14) was completed using Grubb’s 2nd generation catalyst to couple fragments formed using the previously developed methodology from the degradation study. Isolation of indole-pyrimidine containing alkaloids meridianins A, B, C, and E from the Antarctic tunicate Synoicum sp. prompted a synthetic investigation of psammopemmin A, a related alkaloid from the Antarctic sponge Psammopemma sp. resulting in reassignment of the structure of psammopemmin A to that of meridianin A. Both meridianin A and psammopemmin A were synthesized through a Suzuki coupling of the same 4-indolol nucleophile to the apposite pyrimidine electrophile. Several synthetic 3-pyrimidylindole analogs were also prepared and investigated for central nervous system, antimalarial, and cytotoxic activity. Chemical investigation of extracts from mangrove fungal endophytes that displayed antimalarial properties in vitro resulted in the isolation of several potent but cytotoxic and cytostatic compounds: cytochalasin D, roridin E, and 12,13-deoxyroridin E.
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Marrin, Nakra Teresa (Teresa Anne) 1970. "Inside the conductor's jacket : analysis, interpretation and musical synthesis of expressive gesture." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9165.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 154-167).
We present the design and implementation of the Conductor's Jacket, a unique wearable device that measures physiological and gestural signals, together with the Gesture Construction, a musical software system that interprets these signals and applies them expressively in a musical context. Sixteen sensors have been incorporated into the Conductor's Jacket in such a way as to not encumber or interfere with the gestures of a working orchestra conductor. The Conductor's Jacket system gathers up to sixteen data channels reliably at rates of 3 kHz per channel, and also provides mcal-time graphical feedback. Unlike many gesture-sensing systems it not only gathers positional and accelerational data but also senses muscle tension from several locations on each arm. The Conductor's Jacket was used to gather conducting data from six subjects, three professional conductors and three students, during twelve hours of rehearsals and performances. Analyses of the data yielded thirty-five significant features that seem to reflect intuitive and natural gestural tendencies, including context-based hand switching, anticipatory 'flatlining' effects, and correlations between respiration and phrasing. The results indicate that muscle tension and respiration signals reflect several significant and expressive characteristics of a conductor's gestures. From these results we present nine hypotheses about human musical expression, including ideas about efficiency, intentionality, polyphony, signal-to-noise ratios, and musical flow state. Finally, this thesis describes the Gesture Construction, a musical software system that analyzes and performs music in real-time based on the performer's gestures and breathing signals. A bank of software filters extracts several of the features that were found in the conductor study, including beat intensities and the alternation between arms. These features are then used to generate real-time expressive effects by shaping the beats, tempos, articulations, dynamics, and note lengths in a musical score.
by Teresa Marrin Nakra.
Ph.D.
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Jacobs, Jennifer (Jennifer Mary). "Algorithmic craft : the synthesis of computational design, digital fabrication, and hand craft." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/91843.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2013.49
Title as it appears in the MIT degrees awarded booklet, September 18, 2013: Algorithmic craft: tools and practices for creating useful and decorative objects with code Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 129-131).
Programing is a singular creative tool with the potential to support personal expression. Unfortunately, many people who are new to programing view it as a highly specialized, difficult and inaccessible skill that is only relevant for career paths in science, engineering, or business fields. Despite this perception, programing enables novel forms of creative expression and communication in the medium of computation. Visual and physical art, craft, and design are interrelated domains that offer exciting possibilities when extended by computation. By forging strong connections between the skill of programming and the construction of personally relevant physical objects, it may be possible to foster meaningful creative experiences in computation and making for non-professionals. The combination of computational design, digital fabrication, and hand craft to create functional artifacts offers an opportunity to make programing compelling for people with an interest in craft sensitive forms of making. I define the synthesis of these fields with the term algorithmic craft. This thesis describes my work in developing a set of software tools that attempt to make the practice of algorithmic craft accessible for novice programers. Through it, I describe the design of each tool and discuss my experiences in engaging people in the creation of objects that are imagined by the mind, designed with programming, formed by machines, and shaped by hand.
by Jennifer Jacobs.
S.M.
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Stefanoski, Stevce. "Synthesis and Physical Properties Investigations of Intermetallic Clathrates." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3585.
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Intermetallic clathrates have long been of interest for materials science research.
The promise these materials hold for useful applications ranges from thermoelectrics to
photovoltaics and optoelectronics to potentially ultra-hard materials and magnetic cooling
applications. Their unique physical properties are intimately related to their intriguing
structural properties. Thus a fundamental understanding of the chemistry and physics of
inorganic clathrates offers the possibility to assess their potential for use in the various
applications mentioned above.
The purpose of the current work is to expand the current knowledge of the
synthetic routes for obtaining clathrate materials, their structural, chemical, and physical
properties, particularly those that from in the type I, II and VIII crystal structures. New
synthesis routes are presented and used for preparation of single crystals of Na 8Si46 and
Na 24Si136. Single-crystal X-ray analysis, and resistivity, Seebeck coefficient and thermal
conductivity measurements are presented. In addition, two "inverse" clathrates with
compositions Sn 24P19.3Br8 and Sn17Zn7P22Br8 have been characterized in terms of their
transport properties. Since the magnetic refrigeration based on the magnetocaloric effect
is a topic of great interest, type VIII Eu 8Ga16Ge30 clathrates are also explored in terms of
their application for magnetic cooling.
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Ajmera, Mehul J. "Synthesis of Novel Cysteine Peptide Nucleic Acid (CPNA)." Scholar Commons, 2007. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/112.
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Many diseases are caused due to abnormalities in production of specific protein. Across this protein the conventional lock and key mechanism shows binding at the specific cites of protein. However use of antisense technology can prevent formation of protein. It does so by binding to mRNA and prevents transcription. The structural modifications lead to synthetic molecules with 18-mer units which show significant improvement in binding properties, this gives birth to a new class of oligomers called Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA). We herein report cysteine based PNA called CPNA.
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Inamdar, Shahabuddin L. "VHDL Coding Style Guidelines and Synthesis: A Comparative Approach." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000526.
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Sekhar, Praveen Kumar. "Nanomanufacturing of Silica Nanowires: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002745.
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Xiao, Zhidong. "Motion capture based motion analysis and motion synthesis for human-like character animation." Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2009. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/14590/.
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Motion capture technology is recognised as a standard tool in the computer animation pipeline. It provides detailed movement for animators; however, it also introduces problems and brings concerns for creating realistic and convincing motion for character animation. In this thesis, the post-processing techniques are investigated that result in realistic motion generation. Anumber of techniques are introduced that are able to improve the quality of generated motion from motion capture data, especially when integrating motion transitions from different motion clips. The presented motion data reconstruction technique is able to build convincing realistic transitions from existing motion database, and overcome the inconsistencies introduced by traditional motion blending techniques. It also provides a method for animators to re-use motion data more efficiently. Along with the development of motion data transition reconstruction, the motion capture data mapping technique was investigated for skeletal movement estimation. The per-frame based method provides animators with a real-time and accurate solution for a key post-processing technique. Although motion capture systems capture physically-based motion for character animation, no physical information is included in the motion capture data file. Using the knowledge of biomechanics and robotics, the relevant information for the captured performer are able to be abstracted and a mathematical-physical model are able to be constructed; such information is then applied for physics-based motion data correction whenever the motion data is edited.
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Husain, Ali. "Synthesis of Functionalized Resorcin[4]arene via Click Chemistry." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3460.
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Click chemistry is a very powerful chemical strategy that overcome carbon-carbon bond with carbon-heteroatom bond by joining small units with heteroatom links (C-X-C) using spring-loaded reactants. The Cu(I)-catalyzed Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition is a major example based on the click chemistry philosophy. This method was used for the last 10 years to join different functional groups, carbohydrates, aminoacids, polymers to calix[4]arene and resorcin[4]arene cavitands by a stable 1,2,3-triazole linkages.
Herein I describe our interest in this type of click chemistry reaction in the synthesis of dimeric capsules resorcin[4]arene via four 1,2,3-triazole linkages. Two different resorcin[4]arene derivatives were synthesized in which four azide and four alkyne functional groups were attached on the upper rim of two different resorcin[4]arenes. The dimerization reaction was quite challenging due to steric factors. Each resorcin[4]arene derivative was then studied individually via click chemistry and all click reaction results were excellent and the products were isolated in good yields. These results enhanced the synthesis of the dimeric resorcin[4]arene.
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Gopalan, Ranganath. "Leakage power driven behavioral synthesis of pipelined asics." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001064.
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Ramamoorthy, Divya. "Synthesis of small molecule inhibitors targeting signal transduction pathways." Scholar Commons, 2009. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/2160.
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The main aim of the study described in this thesis is the development of small molecules as inhibitors targeting signal transduction pathways, thereby treating cancer. We attempted to synthesize compounds based on the hits obtained from high throughput screening of the Chemdiv diversity set compounds. Chapter One is a general introduction to cancer, history of chemotherapeutic drugs and an introduction to signal transduction pathways. The following two chapters briefly introduce the biological targets in the authors study. Chapter Two describes the role of B-cell lymphoma type xL (Bcl-xL), in apoptosis and the development of drugs targeting Bcl-xL. Examples of Bcl-xL drugs relevant to this study have been provided.
Chapter Three introduces Src homology 2 (SH2) domain containing tyrosine phosphatase Shp2, a protein tyrosine phosphatase, as an oncogene, its role in signal transduction pathways and the recent developments in drug development towards the inhibition of this oncogene. Chapter Four gives a general introduction to microwave-assisted organic synthesis and its advantages. This chapter also describes the use of flow reactors in organic synthesis and its advantages. The following two chapters describe the author's own findings. Chapter Five focuses on the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of small molecules as inhibitors of Bcl-xL. Isoquinolinols, NSC-131734 and HL2-100 emerged as lead compounds from high throughput screening for Bcl-xL. Our strategy focused on identifying an isoquinolinol lead with increased potency.
Based on isatin hits obtained earlier through HTS screen and SAR studies in our lab, more isatin derivatives were synthesized focusing on developing inhibitors with increased cell permeability and improved potency.
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Chen, Chiliu. "Efforts toward the first enantioselective total synthesis of praziquantel and synthetic model studies on ecteinascidin 743 by novel aromatic C-H insertion methodology." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000266.
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Malmgren, Lisa M. "Using in situ click chemistry to modulate protein-protein interactions : Bcl-XL as a case study." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002233.
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Schoessler, Philipp. "Shape synthesis : physical object augmentation and actuation for display and interaction on shape changing interfaces." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/98619.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 81-87).
Pin based shape displays can not only give physical form to digital information, but they have the inherent ability to accurately move and manipulate objects that are placed on top of them. This document presents ways and ideas that show how a shape display's dynamic shape changing ability can work in unison with physical objects that are placed on top of it. First, we introduce the idea of shape synthesis, which is the physical augmentation of inert physical objects with the dynamic shape to create a seemingly new object. This synthesized object combines the advantages of the inert object's natural affordances with the computational power of dynamic shape change. In so doing, we can substitute for passive objects, complement passive objects and enable easier interactions with a shape display. We then show that a shape display can be used to assemble, disassemble and reassemble structures from simple passive building blocks through stacking, scaffolding and catapulting. Then, we introduce special unpowered kinematic modules that can be driven and sensed through the underlying pins. These modules can translate the vertical pin movement into other degrees of freedom like rotation or horizontal movement. This suggests that a shape display can be regarded as a versatile physical control platform that can drive and control a variety of useful mechanisms and objects.
by Philipp Schoessler.
S.M.
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Badger, David B. "Design and Synthesis of Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitor Scaffolds." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3964.
Full textAbstract:
Many currently relevant diseases such as cancer arise from altered biological pathways that rely on protein-protein interactions. The proteins involved in these interactions contain certain functional domains that are responsible for the protein's biological activities. These domains consist of secondary structural elements such as α-helices and Β-sheets which are at the heart of the protein's biological activity. Therefore, designing drugs that inhibit protein-protein interactions by binding to these key secondary structural elements should provide an effective treatment for many diseases. Presented in this dissertation are the designs, syntheses, and biological evaluations for both novel α-helix and novel Β-sheet mimics.
The α-helix mimics were designed to inhibit the interactions between the tumor suppressor protein p53 and its inhibitor protein, MDM2. We also targeted the interactions between the Bak/Bcl-xL proteins. Using the knowledge gained from Hamilton's 1,4-terphenylene scaffold, we designed our inhibitors to be non-peptidic small molecule α-helix mimics. These molecules were designed to bind to the NH2-terminal domain of MDM2 protein thus preventing it from binding to the p53 protein thereby allowing p53 to induce apoptosis. The α-helix mimetic scaffold is designed around a central functionalized pyridazine ring while maintaining the appropriate distances between the ith, ith+4, and ith+7 positions of a natural alpha helix.
The Β-sheet mimics were designed as inhibitors for the integrin mediated extracellular matrix cell adhesion found in Multiple Myeloma. We have designed, synthesized, and incorporated novel Β-turns to induce the formation of Β-hairpins as well as to cyclize the peptides in order to increase their binding affinities and reduce proteolytic cleavage. Given that many protein-protein interactions occur through hydrophobic interactions; our primary Β-turn promoter was designed with the ability to alter the Β-hairpin's hydrophobicity depending on the sulfonyl group used in the turn. The synthesis of several different sulfonyl chlorides for use in our Β-turn promoter is included in this section. We have also provided a detailed structural analysis and characterization of these new cyclic peptides via NMR and CD spectrometry. Using standard 2D NMR methods, we have elucidated the 3D conformation of several peptides in solution. We have also studied the structure activity relationships (SAR) for these cyclic peptides and then correlated these results with those obtained from the NMR studies.
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Brant, Jacilynn A. "Toward the synthesis of designed metal-organic materials." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002612.
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Beekman, Matthew K. "Synthesis and Characterization of Type II Silicon and Germanium Clathrates." Scholar Commons, 2006. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3865.
Full textAbstract:
Clathrate materials comprise compounds in which guest atoms or molecules can
be encapsulated inside atomic cages formed by host framework polyhedra. The unique
relationship that exists between the guest species and its host results in a wide range of
physical phenomena, and offers the ability to study the physics of structure-property
relationships in crystalline solids. Clathrates are actively being investigated in fields such
as thermoelectrics, superconductivity, optoelectronics, and photovoltaics among others.
The structural subset known as type II clathrates have been studied far less than other
clathrates, and this forms the impetus for the present work. In particular, the known
“composition space” of type II clathrates is small, thus the need for a better
understanding of possible compositions is evident. A basic research investigation into the
synthesis and characterization of silicon and germanium type II clathrates was performed
using a range of synthetic, crystallographic, chemical, calorimetric, and transport
measurement techniques. A series of framework substituted type II germanium clathrates
has been synthesized for the first time, and transport measurements indicate that these
compounds show metallic behavior. In the course of the investigation into type II
germanium clathrates, a new zeolite-like framework compound with its corresponding
novel crystal structure has been discovered and characterized. This compound can be
described by the composition Na
1-xGe3 (0 < x < 1), and corresponds to a new binary phase
in the Na-Ge system. One of the most interesting aspects of type II clathrates is the ability
to create compounds in which the framework cages are partially occupied, as this offers
the unique opportunity to study the material properties as a function of guest content. A
series of type II sodium-silicon clathrates Na
xSi136 (0 < x < 24) has been synthesized in
higher purity than previously reported for as-synthesized products. The transport
properties of the Na
xSi136 clathrates exhibit a clear dependence on the guest content x. In
particular, we present for the first time thermal conductivity measurements on Na
xSi136
clathrates, and observe evidence that the guest atoms in type II clathrates affect the
thermal transport in these materials. Some of the crystalline Na
xSi136 compounds studied
exhibit very low thermal conductivities, comparable in magnitude to amorphous
materials. In addition, for the first time clear evidence from transport measurements was
found that resonance phonon scattering may be present in type II clathrates, as is also the
case in the type I subset.
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Eubank, Jarrod F. "Rational synthesis toward the design of functional metal-organic materials." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002408.
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Li, Hao. "Low power technology mapping and performance driven placement for field programmable gate arrays." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000523.
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Avancha, Kiran Kumar Venkata Raja. "Design and synthesis of core structural intermediates for novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors & synthesis, biological activity and molecular modeling of novel 20S proteasome inhibitors." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001457.
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Rezende, Suzanna Ramalho de. "Paulo Werneck: a produção mural e a arquitetura moderna brasileira." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/93/93131/tde-04072018-104956/.
Full textAbstract:
Esta dissertação tem como intenção analisar a obra parietal de Paulo Werneck, ilustrador, gravador, muralista e mosaicista, cuja produção é fundamental para compreender a arte mural de meados do século XX no Brasil. Para tanto, este estudo se inicia a partir de uma breve explanação sobre o desenvolver da arquitetura moderna brasileira e a sua consolidação como uma linguagem própria, independente da matriz europeia. A seguir, será apresentado o conceito estético síntese das artes, que é geralmente utilizado pela historiografia tradicional para justificar o alastre da arte mural em edificações racionalistas a partir da década de 40. Nessa parte do trabalho, a intenção é apresentar o desenvolvimento histórico do tema, do seu surgimento até a leitura que irá impactar a obra de arquitetos como Le Corbusier - pela qual a questão chega no país- Lúcio Costa e Oscar Niemeyer. Por fim, a primeira parte do trabalho se debruça sobre a arte mural brasileira- seja ela pintura, azulejaria ou mosaico- tentando compreender a sua motivação estética e política. A segunda parte do trabalho é dedicada à figura e a obra musiva de Paulo Werneck. Nela apresenta-se o seu desenvolvimento como artista, o seu relacionamento com a arquitetura moderna, a sua passagem da ilustração para a arte mural e a sua chegada ao mosaico, técnica na qual se tornará um experto. Também é analisada as visualidades presentes no seu trabalho, da figuração ao abstracionismo, a partir de estudos de caso das obras mais significativas do artista, buscando sempre relacionar as suas escolhas com o que estava sendo produzindo no país na mesma época. Portanto, esse trabalho se dedica a estudar a arte mural brasileira e a importância dos painéis de Werneck, artista responsável pela renovação da linguagem do mosaico no Brasil e, quiçá, no mundo.This dissertation analyzes the parietal work of Paulo Werneck, illustrator, engraver, muralist and mosaic designer whose production is fundamental to understand the mid-twentieth century mural art in Brazil. In this regard, the study begins with a brief explanation about the development of Brazilian modern architecture and its consolidation as a language of its own, independent of the European matrix. Then, the aesthetic concept of \"synthesis of the arts\" is going to be presented. Usually, the concept is used by traditional historiography to justify the spreading of mural art in rationalist constructions from the 1940s. This part of the dissertation intends to point out the historical development of the theme, from its appearance until the \"reading\" that would make an impact in the work of architects such as Le Corbusier the aesthetic concept arrives in Brazil via his work - Lucio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer. Finally, the first part of the dissertation focuses on the Brazilian art mural such as painting, tilery or mosaic making and tries to comprehend its aesthetic and political motivation. The second part of the dissertation is dedicated to the figure and the musive work of Paulo Werneck. It presents his development as an artist, his relationship with the modern architecture, his transition from illustration to the mural art as well as his approach to the mosaic art whose technique would convert him into an expert. Also, it analyzes the visualities in his work from the figuration to the abstractionism through case studies of the most significant works of the artist, always trying to connect his choices with things that were being produced in the country at that time. In conclusion, this dissertation intends to study the Brazilian mural art and the importance of the panels of Paulo Werneck, the artist who is responsible for the renewal of the mosaic language in Brazil and, perhaps, in the world.
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Bhatt, Surbhi. "Chemo-Enzymatic Route to Synthesis of Biodegradable Polymers and Glycolipid Analogs." Scholar Commons, 2006. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3779.
Full textAbstract:
New catalytic synthetic methods in organic chemistry that satisfy increasingly stringent environmental constraints are in great demand by the pharmaceutical and chemical industries. Studies over last 15 years have revealed that activity of enzymes can be increased in organic solvents rather than their natural aqueous environment. Because of their ease of use, high selectivity and environment friendliness, enzymes are enjoying increasing popularity in today's synthesis world.
Chapter 1 describes chemo-enzymatic synthesis of various glycolipid analogs. A highly regioselective macrolactonization was achieved using lipase from Candida antarctica as a catalyst. It also describes evaluation of lipases from different source and their efficiency in catalyzing the macrolactonization reaction. These analogs were synthesized using commercially available agriculture based disaccharides (maltose, lactose, cellobiose, melibiose). These glycolipid analogues have potential applications in the cosmetic industry, formulation, food production, and pharmaceutical industry.In Chapter 2, ring opening polymerization of epsilon-caprolactone in ionic liquid, [bmim][PF6] was investigated. A comparative study of ROP in different solvents (toluene, Ionic liquid, and bulk condition) was conducted. Effect of time and enzyme concentration on molecular weight and % yield was investigated. It was concluded that enzymatic ring opening polymerization of epsilon-caprolactone in ionic liquid, [bmim][PF6 ] is a very competitive and environmental friendly way of synthesizing high molecular weight polyesters.
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Bilhanan, Anuleka. "High level synthesis of an image processing algorithm for cancer detection." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000303.
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