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1

Janerka, Krzysztof, Jan Jezierski, Dariusz Bartocha, and Jan Szajnar. "Microstructure of the Synthetic Cast Iron Carburized with Different Types of Carburizers." Advanced Materials Research 629 (December 2012): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.629.122.

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The cast iron melting process can be based on metallic charge with pig iron or on steel scrap exclusively (i.e. synthetic cast iron). The analysis of the synthetic cast iron microstructure was presented and compared to micros of the cast iron produced on the base of pig iron. The analysis consisted of size and shape of the graphite precipitations and the metal matrix structure, too. The results of examinations and calculations were presented in form of figures and graphite distribution histograms. Based on researches conducted the authors confirmed opinions of heredity of the alloys microstruc
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2

Turakulov, Murot, Nodirjon Tursunov, and Salokhiddin Yunusov. "Steeling of synthetic cast iron in induction crucible furnace taking into account consumption rate of carburizers." E3S Web of Conferences 401 (2023): 05012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340105012.

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In an article about the importance of the choice of materilas, harmful impurities in synthetic cast iron, amd improving the strength characteristics of cast iron, which requires a new method of smelting synthetic cast iron using steel scrap as charge in the corrresponding crucible furnaces, the presences of a charge of metal charge, together with pig iron, the return of own production, carburetors, and ferroalloys for the purpose of carburizing and alloying to the required chemical composition.
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3

Stojczew, A., K. Janerka, J. Jezierski, J. Szajnar, and M. Pawlyta. "Melting of Grey Cast Iron Based on Steel Scrap Using Silicon Carbide." Archives of Foundry Engineering 14, no. 3 (2014): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/afe-2014-0066.

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Abstract The paper presents the issue of synthetic cast iron production in the electric induction furnace exclusively on the steel scrap base. Silicon carbide and synthetic graphite were used as carburizers. The carburizers were introduced with solid charge or added on the liquid metal surface. The chemical analysis of the produced cast iron, the carburization efficiency and microstructure features were presented in the paper. It was stated that ferrosilicon can be replaced by silicon carbide during the synthetic cast iron melting process. However, due to its chemical composition (30% C and 70
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4

A., Zraychenko-Polozentsev, Koval O., and Demin D. "EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL RESERVES OF PRODUCTION FOR MELTING SYNTHETIC IRON." Technology audit and production reserves 1, no. 1(1) (2011): 7–15. https://doi.org/10.15587/2312-8372.2011.4081.

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The aim of research is to obtain a mathematical description of the effect of the content of chemical elements in cast iron on its mechanical properties and the subsequent optimization of the chemical composition, allowing to identify possible production reserves. The presence of such reserves is associated with the possibility of selecting such a number of ferroalloys that would provide the best indicators of mechanical properties while reducing the consumption rates of expensive charge materials. The object of research is cast iron of serial heats for the manufacture of shaped castings for au
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Sirenko, K., and V. Mazur. "Definition of carbon equivalent and degree of eutecticity of cast iron in foundry production." Casting processes 151, no. 1 (2022): 20–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/plit2023.01.020.

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The issues related to the essence of the concepts of carbon equivalent, an indicator of the degree of eutecticity and the ratio of carbon content to silicon content for characterizing the chemical composition and properties of gray cast iron were analyzed. The results of studies of the carbon equivalent value, the degree of eutecticity and the C/Si ratio of the chemical composition of synthetic cast iron, which is used for the manufacture of brake pads and the «Khanin wedge» of railway rolling stock, are presented. Examples of different approaches and formulas for determining the limits and me
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6

Hubynskyi, M. V., O. Ye Merkulov, A. V. Sybir, et al. "Determination of the mechanical properties of synthetic cast iron when using carburiser obtained by electrothermal fluidised bed." Fundamental and applied problems of ferrous metallurgy, no. 38 (2024): 26–38. https://doi.org/10.52150/2522-9117-2024-38-26-38.

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The development of high-temperature technologies in metallurgy and the chemical industry is associated with the replacement of fossil fuels with green electricity. The process of heating carbonaceous raw materials in an electrothermal fluidized bed (EFB) offers this opportunity. This is when the current passes directly through the bed and heats it up using joule heat. This process allows to significantly reduce energy consumption compared to traditional technologies based on the use of Atchinson and Kastner furnaces. One of the products that can be obtained in EFB furnaces is carburizers used
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7

Vaško, Alan. "Fatigue Properties of Synthetic Nodular Cast Irons." Key Engineering Materials 635 (December 2014): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.635.5.

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The contribution deals with comparison of microstructure, mechanical properties and fatigue properties of synthetic nodular cast irons with a different ratio of steel scrap in a charge. Chemical composition of individual melts was regulated alternatively by ferrosilicon (FeSi) and carburizer or metallurgical silicon carbide (SiC). The paper shows positive influence of SiC additive on the microstructure, mechanical properties as well as fatigue properties of nodular cast iron. The additive of metallurgical silicon carbide in analysed specimens increases the content of ferrite in the matrix, dec
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8

Kukartsev, Viktor Alekseevich, Alina Igorevna Trunova, Vladislav Viktorovich Kukartsev, et al. "Influence of Temperature Regimes of Synthetic Iron Smelting on Casting Production Efficiency." Metals 13, no. 7 (2023): 1234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13071234.

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The purpose of the foundry is to provide the consumer with blanks for general machine-building (special) purposes which are as close as possible to the size of the future part in full compliance with the requirements. The competitiveness of these products is primarily dependent on the use of efficient and reliable smelting equipment which meets the necessary cost. The replacement of high-value ironworks and ironworks iron with steel scrap using induction melting furnaces (ICFs) reduces the cost of producing synthetic cast iron. However, this results in temperatures greater than 1500 °C, reduce
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9

Sirenko, К. A., and V. L. Mazur. "Evaluation of approaches to predicting the properties of synthetic cast iron in foundry production." Metaloznavstvo ta obrobka metalìv 29, no. 2 (2023): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mom2023.02.024.

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An overview of approaches to assessing the dependence of the mechanical properties of products made of synthetic iron smelted in induction crucible furnaces on the content of carbon and the content of silicon in its chemical composition, as well as on the carbon equivalent, the degree of eutecticity, and the ratio of the carbon content to the silicon content is given. The statistical parameters of the percentage distributions of the specified elements in the chemical composition of cast irons with lamellar graphite produced in accordance with the requirements of DSTU 8833-2019 were analyzed. T
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10

Turakulov, Murot, Nodirjon Tursunov, and Salokhiddin Yunusov. "New concept of cast iron melting technology in induction crucible furnace." E3S Web of Conferences 401 (2023): 01060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340101060.

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The article considers methods for reducing harmful impurities in the composition of synthetic cast iron (SCI) and improving the strength characteristics of cast iron. A new method for smelting SCI using steel scrap as charge materials in induction crucible furnaces is proposed, including filling of metal charge, together with transfer cast iron, return of own production, carburetors, and ferroalloys to carburize and alloy up to the required chemical composition. It is revealed that with an increase in steel scrap in the metal charge, the melting time, specific power consumption, melting durati
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11

Vaško, Milan, and Alan Vaško. "Correlation between Charge Composition and Fatigue Properties of Nodular Cast Irons." Applied Mechanics and Materials 474 (January 2014): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.474.291.

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The contribution deals with comparison of microstructure, mechanical properties and fatigue properties of synthetic nodular cast irons with a different ratio of steel scrap in a charge. Chemical composition of individual meltages was regulated alternatively by ferrosilicon (FeSi) and carburizer or metallurgical silicon carbide (SiC). The paper shows that SiC additive positively influences the microstructure, mechanical properties as well as fatigue properties of nodular cast iron, especially in the meltages with higher ratio of steel scrap in the charge. Moreover, production of synthetic nodul
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12

Futas, Peter, Janette Brezinová, Miroslav Pástor, and Alena Pribulova. "Reducing Residual Stresses in Synthetic Cast Iron by Ti Microalloying." Metals 15, no. 5 (2025): 520. https://doi.org/10.3390/met15050520.

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During solidification and cooling of the castings, residual stresses are produced in the material. In technical practice, residual stresses are very important because, in addition to the operational loading, they can lead to material failure and, consequently, to equipment or structural failures. The accurate determination of residual stresses by numerical simulations presents a significant challenge due to the number of variables involved in modelling technological processes. Consequently, in many cases, residual stress levels are typically obtained using experimental measurements. Where poss
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13

Sirenko, К. A. "Directions for the development of a methodology for regulating the chemical composition and properties of cast iron in foundry production based on a probabilistic approach." Metaloznavstvo ta obrobka metalìv 29, no. 4 (2023): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mom2023.04.023.

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From the standpoint of systemic and structural-functional approaches, the state and prospects of development of the methodology for regulating and predicting the chemical composition and mechanical properties of grey synthetic cast iron intended for casting production are analysed. Attention is focused on the key intersections of the technological process of manufacturing castings for critical applications. The features, disadvantages, and advantages of the known methods for calculating the charge and adjusting the percentage of chemical elements in the cast iron composition directly during it
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14

Sirenko, E. A. "Features of cast iron for railway brake pads." Litiyo i Metallurgiya (FOUNDRY PRODUCTION AND METALLURGY), no. 1 (March 12, 2022): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1683-6065-2022-1-43-48.

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The paper presents the results of comparison of quality indices of brake shoes for railroad rolling stock made of synthetic cast iron smelted in induction furnaces and of composite material which is a vulcanized mixture of rubber and different fillers. Disclosed are the disadvantages of composite brake pads. Defects of the working surface of the railway rolling stock wheels rolling surface caused by the application of composite brake pads made of rubber-asbestos or rubber-asbestos mixture are shown. Parameters of C, Si, Mn, P, S content and carbon equivalent distribution in cast iron used for
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15

Janerka, Krzysztof, Jan Jezierski, Dariusz Bartocha, and Jan Szajnar. "Heredity of the Structure and Properties of Grey Cast Iron Melted on a Basis of Steel Scrap." Advanced Materials Research 622-623 (December 2012): 685–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.622-623.685.

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In this paper are presented the results of researches, obtained during cast iron melting on basis of steel scrap and a carburizer (without pig iron in solid charge). In the process of carburization, there were used the carburizers such as anthracite, natural and synthetic graphite, petroleum and cupola coke, as well as charcoal. The grey cast iron was produced, for which quantitative analysis of graphite precipitations was performed. It was noticed that in case of using anthracite as carburizer, the smaller graphite precipitations were obtained. In authors’ opinion they are consequences of ant
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16

Hubynskyi, M. V., A. V. Sybir, S. S. Fedorov, et al. "Peculiarities of the Fe-C melt carburization process and the effect produced on it by the type of carburizers." Fundamental and applied problems of ferrous metallurgy 37 (2023): 62–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.52150/2522-9117-2023-37-62-75.

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One of the ways to improve the competitiveness of domestic steel and machine-building products and transition to a carbon-free economy is to develop synthetic pig iron production technology. Synthetic pig iron production ensures the efficiency and quality of foundry operations. The replacement of expensive casting and remolding cast irons with steel scrap reduces the cost of casting production and allows for the use of higher quality materials free of harmful impurities and inclusions. However, their use in the charge results in the need for melt carburizing. In this case, the melt carburizing
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17

Movchan, Oleksandr, and Kateryna Chornoivanenko. "INFLUENCE OF DEFORMATION IN THE LIQUID-SOLID STATE ON STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS DURING CHEMICAL-THERMAL TREATMENT IN SYNTHETIC CAST IRON." SWorld-Ger Conference proceedings, gec25-01 (February 28, 2020): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30890/2709-1783.2023-25-01-012.

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Structural changes in preliminary decarburized synthetic vanadium-containing cast iron have been investigated, which occur by deformation in a liquid-solid state. The regularities of structure formation in various diffusion zones during subsequent carburi
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18

Savin, Cristian, Carmen Nejneru, Manuela Cristina Perju, Costica Bejinariu, Diana Burduhos-Nergis, and Andrei Victor Sandu. "Galvanic Corrosion of Ductile Cast Iron Coupled with Different Alloys in Synthetic Domestic Waste Water." Revista de Chimie 70, no. 2 (2019): 506–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.2.6945.

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Waste water is an aggressive environment for transport pumps to treatment plants. The pumps used are generally, immersion pumps and are made of various elements like, rotor, stator, housing, screws, flanges, springs, seals, etc. The construction elements of the pumps are made of various metallic materials, such as nodular cast iron, gray cast iron, low alloy steel, stainless steel, aluminum, bronze, brass, copper, etc. When immersed in waste water, the metals form galvanic series. The paper presents the galvanic corrosion analysis of the above-mentioned metals in case the corrosive environment
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19

Turakulov, Murot, Nodirjon Tursunov, and Shavkat Alimukhamedov. "Development of technology for manufacturing molding and core mixtures for obtaining synthetic cast iron." E3S Web of Conferences 365 (2023): 05006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202336505006.

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The article presents the technology for manufacturing molding and core sands for producing synthetic cast iron and also describes the scheme of the molding-pouring line. The composition and properties of core mixtures are reflected. Shows the process of preparing the molding sand using a mixing runner.The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that the increase in cargo transportation in the world places increased demands on cast iron used to manufacture railway parts and sets new challenges in the field of metallurgy, while reliability and durability are the most important of them. The fulfi
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20

Lu, Yun Tao, Zong Bai Deng, Ya Yuan, Qing Xu, and Can Zhang. "Detection and Identification of Different Metal Materials with Same Damage of Stretching Based on Acoustic Emission in Audible Domain." Applied Mechanics and Materials 419 (October 2013): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.419.321.

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Analysis of metallic materials damage signal is effective for studying strength failure.Domestic and foreignscholars do much workbased on acoustic emission due to its real-time detection. Most researches are in ultrasonic region, few in audible domain. In this paper, taking low-carbon steel and cast iron as an example, we collected acoustic emission signals during tensile tests. Thenestablishassociated diagrams of processed signals, with multivariable parameter analysis used for eigenvalue processing. After normalizing data,wefigured out ranges of synthetic parameters. The experiment and calcu
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21

Kukartsev, Viktor A., Vladislav V. Kukartsev та Vadim S. Tynchenko. "Specialty of Сarbon-Carbid-Silicic Mixture Using (UKKS) as Substitute of Re-Carburizing Agent and Ferrosilicon for Grey Iron Melting". Materials Science Forum 946 (лютий 2019): 696–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.946.696.

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In the transition to modern high intensive processes of smelting there had been reversed technologies structures to get carbon content in cast iron. A re-carburizing agent, that can be one of the most significant reasons of occurrence of defects of the cast, and deformed metal and decrease of the level of properties have been identified. There was not only made the decarburizing agent of modern technology of production of pig-iron essential element (particularly synthetic), but also resulted in many of variants of its realization from the standpoint of level decarburizing, type, using re-carbu
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22

Kukartsev, Viktor A., Vladislav V. Kukartsev, and Vadim S. Tynchenko. "Cast Iron and Steel Smelting in Induction Crucible Furnaces of Industrial Frequency." Solid State Phenomena 299 (January 2020): 530–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.299.530.

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A brief analysis of the cast iron and steel smelting in induction furnaces of industrial and medium frequency has been carried out. The analysis of the used metal scrap for the smelting of synthetic iron in induction melting furnaces with a padded lining of a lining mixture, based on quartzite, is carried out. The requirements for temperature melting modes, which are regulated by this type of melting furnaces developers, are reflected. The advantages and disadvantages of using induction crucible furnaces of industrial and medium frequency are considered. The features of smelting synthetic pig
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23

Kukartsev, Viktor Alekseevich, Aleksandr Ivanovich Cherepanov, Vladislav Viktorovich Kukartsev, Anton Sergeevich Mikhalev, and Ivan Yurievich Makarchuk. "Increasing the Efficiency of Production of Synthetic Cast Iron Castings." Key Engineering Materials 904 (November 22, 2021): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.904.3.

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The main factor that determines the content of the development strategies of a modern foundry is the use of modern technological processes, especially melting technology. First of all, this applies to the production of iron castings, which make up 65% of the mass of all alloys. Since 2000, in Russia, there has been a sharp decrease in the amount of pig iron scrap, the cost of foundry and pig iron and the cost of their transportation have increased significantly. This led to an increase in material costs in the production of castings from synthetic iron, which was mainly obtained in crucible in
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24

Vaško, A. "Fatigue Properties of Nodular Cast Iron at Low Frequency Cyclic Loading." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 62, no. 4 (2017): 2205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2017-0325.

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Abstract Three melts of ferrite-pearlitic nodular cast iron with different charge composition were used for fatigue tests. Wöhler fatigue curves and fatigue strength were obtained, and microstructure and fracture surfaces were investigated. The aim of the paper is to determine the influence of charge composition on microstructure, mechanical and fatigue properties of synthetic nodular cast irons and their micromechanisms of failure. Fatigue tests were realised at low frequency sinusoidal cyclic push-pull loading (stress ratio R = −1) at ambient temperature (T = 20 ±5°C). They were carried out
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25

Lybacki, W., Z. Ignaszak, A. Modrzynski, and A. Baranowski. "Synthetic Cast Iron Melted in an Induction-Plasma Furnace." Advanced Materials Research 4-5 (October 1997): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.4-5.301.

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26

Sirenko, K. A. "Development of production of casting from synthetic cast iron." Metal and Casting of Ukraine 29, no. 3 (2021): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/steelcast2021.03.079.

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27

Wei, Sean Ting-Shyang, Vladyslav Sushko, Nicole Matschiavelli, Sindy Kluge, and Andrea Cherkouk. "Friend or Foe? Microbial impact of Calcigel bentonite on metal materials used for nuclear waste repository." ARPHA Conference Abstracts 6 (October 13, 2023): e108081. https://doi.org/10.3897/aca.6.e108081.

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Multi-barrier concept is a favorable option to store high-level nuclear waste (HLW) in a deep geological repository. Bentonites are processed clay materials that are considered as a geotechnical barrier for metal containers storing HLW. To understand the impact of indigenous microorganisms from bentonites on these metal materials, anaerobic microcosms incubating Calcigel bentonite, synthetic Opalinus clay (OPA) porewater, lactate (one of the organic acids in natural OPA porewater) or H<sub>2</sub> gas (product from anaerobic metal corrosion) with or without cast iron metal plates were conducte
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28

Grebnev, Yu V., V. F. Zharkova, D. Yu Grebnev, and A. I. Gabelchenko. "SMELTING OF SYNTHETIC CAST IRON USING MATERIALS CONTAINING SILICON CARBIDE." Izvestia Volgograd State Technical University, no. 7 (2022): 94–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.35211/1990-5297-2022-7-266-94-97.

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29

Vaško, Alan, Juraj Belan, and Eva Tillová. "Study of the fatigue behaviour of synthetic nodular cast irons at low and high frequency cyclic loading." MATEC Web of Conferences 157 (2018): 07014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815707014.

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The paper presents the results of low and high frequency fatigue tests carried out on nodular cast iron. The specimens of synthetic nodular cast irons from three different melts were studied in the high cycle fatigue region (from 105 to 108 cycles) using fatigue experimental equipments for low and high frequency cyclic loading. Low frequency fatigue tests were carried out at frequency f ≈ 120 Hz using the fatigue experimental machine Zwick/Roell Amsler 150HFP 5100. High frequency fatigue tests were carried out at frequency f ≈ 20 kHz using the ultrasonic fatigue testing device KAUP-ZU. Both of
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30

Itomura, Shosuke, Kenki Heshiki, Fukuhisa Matsuda, and Yoneo Kikuta. "Studies on the weld cracking of nodular graphite cast iron - Report 4. Microstructures of synthetic weld heat-affected zone of nodular graphite cast irons and strength of cast iron welds." QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE JAPAN WELDING SOCIETY 6, no. 3 (1988): 406–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2207/qjjws.6.406.

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31

Solonenko, L. I., K. I. Uzlov, S. I. Repiakh, I. V. Prokopovich, and O. Р. Bilyi. "Technogenic hazards coefficient of sand-resin mixtures in foundry manufacturing." Naukovyi Visnyk Natsionalnoho Hirnychoho Universytetu, no. 6 (December 30, 2024): 94–100. https://doi.org/10.33271/nvngu/2024-6/094.

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Purpose. To carry out a comparative quantitative assessment of environmental and sanitary-hygienic hazards of utilizing synthetic resins for manufacturing molds and rods in foundry production. Methodology. Quarry quartz sand brand 1K2O202, furan resin brand Permaset 839 and catalyst Permacat 128, aluminum alloy AL2, gray cast iron SCh200, carbon steel 30L, bronze BrА9Zh3L were used in the work. Chromel-alumel thermocouples completed with electronic potentiometer were used for thermography. Molds were made from quartz sand, furan resin and catalyst mixture. Casting mold heating depth determinat
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32

Li, Feng Jun, An Ke Cai, Ding Xiang Tang, Feng Zhang Ren, and Hong Li Dong. "Some Key Points on High Strength Grey Iron Cylinder Block Production." Key Engineering Materials 457 (December 2010): 357–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.457.357.

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Three key points are discussed to manufacture 300Mpa cylinder block castings. The first one is the design of grey iron chemical composition. The chemical composition used for production is as follows: C: 3.20-3.30%, Si: 1.60-1.80%, Mn: 0.70-1.00%, S: &lt;0.10%, P: &lt;0.06%, Cu: 0.70-0.80%, Cr: 0.25-0.35%, Ni: 0.30-0.40%, Sn: 0.06-0.08%. The stream inoculation is adopted. Another key point is to increase the chilling effect of molding material. A kind of ceramic sand is used in the experiment. The ceramic sand is mainly composed of electric fusion bauxite. The material gives much stronger chil
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33

Książek, D., M. Koza, M. Bieroński, O. Krasa, and R. Kuś. "Examination of Electrical Resistance of Carburizers Used for Cast Iron Production." Archives of Foundry Engineering 16, no. 4 (2016): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afe-2016-0085.

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Abstract The publication presents the results of examination of selected carburizers used for cast iron production with respect to their electric resistance. Both the synthetic graphite carburizers and petroleum coke (petcoke) carburizers of various chemical composition were compared. The relationships between electrical resistance of tested carburizers and their quality were found. The graphite carburizers exhibited much better conductivity than the petcoke ones. Resistance characteristics were different for the different types of carburizers. The measurements were performed according to the
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34

Puspitasari, Poppy, Avita Ayu Permanasari, Ayu Warestu, Gilang Putra Pratama Arifiansyah, Diki Dwi Pramono, and Timotius Pasang. "Tribology Properties on 5W-30 Synthetic Oil with Surfactant and Nanomaterial Oxide Addition." Automotive Experiences 6, no. 3 (2023): 669–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31603/ae.10115.

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This study analyzes the tribological properties of 5W-30 synthetic oil with the addition of surfactants and oxide nanomaterials. This research used SAE 5W-30 lubricant base material with the addition of Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3), Titanium Dioxide (TiO2), and Hybrid Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) - Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) nanomaterials. The nano lubricants were synthesized using a two-step method by adding nanomaterials by 0.05% volume fraction, followed by 50 ml of 5W-30 synthetic oil and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) surfactant by 0.1%. Then, it was stirred using a magnetic stirrer for 20 minutes, followed
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35

Hikiji, Rikio. "Improvement of Finished Surface Integrity of High Chromium Cast Iron in Reaming." Key Engineering Materials 523-524 (November 2012): 1086–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.523-524.1086.

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With the improvement of accuracy in machine tools, ultra precision final machining has been carried out by cutting instead of grinding. In addition, JIS method for cutting fluids is revised in order to consider earth environment. However, it is very difficult for workshop to extract an optimum machining condition. The results of this study contribute to extraction of an eco-friendly machining method and reduction of running cost as well as the excellent surface integrity. This time, final machining for high chromium cast iron as the turbocharger parts of the automobile was taken up as an examp
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36

Lee, Hyun Dong, Pill Jae Kwak, and Joo Yeon Lee. "Evaluating Durability and Burying Characteristic of PVC Pipe." Materials Science Forum 658 (July 2010): 224–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.658.224.

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Currently, there are cast iron pipe, protective coating steel pipe, PE pipe, GRP (Glass-Fiber Reinforced Pipe), PVC pipe etc in use in Korea. Since there is rather very low recognition of synthetic resins pipe among those in case of Korea, the kind of pipes for use is very few compared with the actual performance. Once analyzing foreign data, synthetic resin pipes are widely used in even drainpipe and items for piping such as connecting parts are diverse and accessories of piping for general use are being laid underground. It is necessary to mine pipes with selection of various kinds of pipes
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37

Vodennikova, O. S., and P. V. Holovkov. "Modern view on steel desulfurization." Metaloznavstvo ta obrobka metalìv 100, no. 4 (2021): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/mom2021.04.033.

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Modern technological schemes of steel production do not allow to achieve low (&lt; 0.01 % S) and ultra-low (&lt;0.005 % S) sulfur content on the production of in the metal directly. That is why out-of-furnace steel treatment is often used to remove sulfur. Desulfurization process of steel depends on the chemical composition of the slag, the time of its formation in the ladle, metal oxidation, conditions of mixing of steel in a ladle, additional technological operations and ladle metal processing. Methods are widely used for desulfurization of steel treatment of steel with solid slag-forming mi
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38

Kukartsev, Viktor Alekseevich, Alina Igorevna Trunova, Vladislav Viktorovich Kukartsev, et al. "Increasing the Efficiency of Synthetic Iron Production by the Use of New Kit Lining." Metals 13, no. 7 (2023): 1184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13071184.

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The production of synthetic iron castings in Russia comprises 50% of all alloys produced; therefore, increasing their smelting efficiency is an urgent task in the industry. This process depends primarily on the efficiency of industrial frequency induction crucible furnaces using acid lining. In the present study, the properties of quartzite, which forms the basis of such a lining, were investigated. An analysis of the proposed variants for changing the composition of the acid lining for use at temperatures of 1550–1600 °C was conducted. Following the preliminary temperature treatment of raw qu
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39

Zhu, Long, Robert Evans, Yan Zhou, and Fei Ren. "Wear Study of Cubic Boron Nitride (cBN) Cutting Tool for Machining of Compacted Graphite Iron (CGI) with Different Metalworking Fluids." Lubricants 10, no. 4 (2022): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10040051.

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Due to its desirable mechanical properties, compacted graphite iron (CGI) has been used to replace conventional gray cast iron (CI) in various applications, such as automotive engine blocks and cylinder heads. However, the poor machinability of CGI can lead to excessive tool wear and consequently high manufacturing costs. Various strategies have been developed to improve the machinability of CGI, including optimizing machining parameters and the development of novel metalworking fluids. In this study, machining of CGI was conducted using cubic boron nitride (cBN) tools under different cutting
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40

Balobanov, Viacheslav, Matti Lindroos, Tom Andersson, and Anssi Laukkanen. "Crystal Plasticity Modeling of Grey Cast Irons under Tension, Compression and Fatigue Loadings." Crystals 12, no. 2 (2022): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12020238.

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The study of the micromechanical performance of materials is important in explaining their macrostructural behavior, such as fracture and fatigue. This paper is aimed, among other things, at reducing the deficiency of microstructural models of grey cast irons in the literature. For this purpose, a numerical modeling approach based on the crystal plasticity (CP) theory is used. Both synthetic models and models based on scanning electron microscope (SEM) electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) imaging finite element are utilized. For the metal phase, a CP model for body-centered cubic (BCC) crys
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41

Herrmann, Christoph, Stefan Schmid, Daniel Schneider, Michael Selzer, and Britta Nestler. "Computational Determination of Macroscopic Mechanical and Thermal Material Properties for Different Morphological Variants of Cast Iron." Metals 11, no. 10 (2021): 1588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11101588.

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The sensitivity of macroscopic mechanical and thermal properties of grey cast iron is computationally investigated for a variety of graphite morphologies over a wide temperature range. In order to represent common graphite morphologies according to EN ISO 945-1, a synthetic approach is used to algorithmically generate simulation domains. The developed mechanical and thermal model is applied in a large simulation study. The study includes statistical volume elements of the graphite morphology classes GJL-150 and IA2 to IA5, with 10, 11 and 12 v.−% of graphite precipitations, respectively, for a
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Grillo, Felipe Fardin, Jorge Luís Coleti, José Roberto de Oliveira, Eduardo Junca, Rüdiger Deike, and Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa. "Development of Synthetic Slag with Marble Waste and Calcium Aluminate Agents for Cast Iron Desulfurization." Materials Research 20, no. 5 (2017): 1230–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2016-0834.

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43

Yuryev, A. V., M. B. Shkoller, E. V. Protopopov, and L. A. Ganzer. "PROSPECTIVE DIRECTIONS OF SYNTHETIC FUELS ACQUISITION IN COKE – CAST IRON – STEEL PRODUCTION CYCLE. Announcement 2." Izvestiya Visshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Chernaya Metallurgiya = Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 55, no. 12 (2012): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2012-12-27-30.

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44

Tereshchenko, M. Ya, P. B. Kaliuzhnyi, and S. O. Krotiuk. "Production of impermeability castings from synthetic gray and ductile cast iron by lost-foam casting." Metal and Casting of Ukraine 28, no. 3 (2020): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/steelcast2020.03.075.

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45

Betancur, Adrián, Carla Anflor, André Pereira, and Ricardo Leiderman. "Determination of the Effective Elastic Modulus for Nodular Cast Iron Using the Boundary Element Method." Metals 8, no. 8 (2018): 641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8080641.

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In this work, a multiscale homogenization procedure using the boundary element method (BEM) for modeling a two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) multiphase microstructure is presented. A numerical routine is specially written for modeling nodular cast iron (NCI) considering the graphite nodules as cylindrical and real geometries. The BEM is used as a numerical approach for solving the elastic problem of a representative volume element from a mean field model. Numerical models for NCI have generally been developed considering the graphite nodules as voids due to their soft feature. In
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Tyczewski, Przemysław, and Wiesław Zwierzycki. "Research Works on the Influence of Substituting the Refrigerant R22 with Propane (R290) on the Condition of the State of Sliding Surfaces Occurring in Piston Compressors." Solid State Phenomena 223 (November 2014): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.223.163.

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Motion elements of refrigerating compressors, depending on the applied oils and refrigerants, can be exposed to various wear processes. The presence of refrigerant makes lubricating and anti-wear properties of the mixture of oil and refrigerant much worse than in the case of oil with no refrigerant. Regulations concerning the application of substances weakening the ozone layer, valid at present, demand the withdrawal of operating synthetic agents refrigerating installations type HCFC – among others the popular R22. This paper presents the influence of different mixtures of oils and refrigerant
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47

Xiang, Shengmei, Stefan Jonsson, Baohua Zhu, and Joakim Odqvist. "Corrosion fatigue of austenitic cast iron Ni-Resist D5S and austenitic cast steel HK30 in argon and synthetic diesel exhaust at 800 °C." International Journal of Fatigue 132 (March 2020): 105396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2019.105396.

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48

Sirenko, K. A., and V. L. Mazur. "Ideology of adjustment of the chemical composition of synthetic cast iron in the manufacturing process of casting." Metal and Casting of Ukraine 29, no. 4 (2021): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/steelcast2021.04.044.

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49

Kondo, Yasuo, M. Yamaguchi, Kenji Yamaguchi, and S. Sakamoto. "A Pragmatic Approach to Reduce Environmental Load in Machining Process." Applied Mechanics and Materials 163 (April 2012): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.163.12.

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We discussed the coolant composition which can guarantee both the excellent fluid abilities as the cutting fluid and the good treatability as the recyclable material toward the development of sustainable cutting fluid system. We prepared three distinctive coolants; amine-free (EX-102), mineral-oil and amine free (α-1000) and amine-containing (EM-L) coolants. All of the coolants have excellent emulsion stability for standing in the natural condition butα-1000 and EM-L showed a good anti-rust properties while EX-102 showed a rather poor anti-rust property for the cast iron chips. The vegetable o
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Futas, Peter, Alena Pribulova, Jozef Petrik, Marcela Malindzakova, Andrea Rosova, and Beata Grabowska. "Elimination of Negative Impacts of Steel Scrap as a Charge Component during the Production of Synthetic Cast Iron." Communications - Scientific letters of the University of Zilina 18, no. 3 (2016): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.26552/com.c.2016.3.60-64.

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