To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Synthetic fibers industry.
Journal articles on the topic 'Synthetic fibers industry'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Synthetic fibers industry.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Cao, Zhen Yu, Feng Zhao, and Xi Yan Li. "Applications of Dyes in Material Science Research." Materials Science Forum 575-578 (April 2008): 1451–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.575-578.1451.
Full textAbstract:
Dyes are colored organic compounds that are used to pigment fiber or other materials. Dyes are mainly calssified into natural and synthetic dyes in terms of the origin. Natural dyes include animal dyes, plant dyes and mineral dyes with such defects as incomplete chromatogram, inconvenient use and color fading, and thus have been gradually eliminated. In 1856, the 18-year-old young British scientist Perkin successfully invented the world's first synthetic dyes. He built his own factory and industrialized synthetic dye production. Over 100 years since then, dye industry has undergone rapid development, and by 2001 synthetic dyes already have been up to nearly 10,000 varieties. In 2004, the output of total dyes in the world has reached 900,000 tons. Synthetic dyes are used comprehensively, not only to dye synthetic fibers, but also natural fibesr, fur, leather and man-made fibers.
2
Zuliahani, A., H. D. Rozman, and Abdul Rahman Rozyanty. "Influence of Montmorillonite Treated with Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide Addition in Epoxy-Kenaf Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 754-755 (April 2015): 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.754-755.235.
Full textAbstract:
The use of natural fiber as reinforcement in polymer composites has gained importance recently due to environmental concern and its abundance availability from agricultural crops and wood industry [1]. Many advantages offered by natural fibers over synthetic fibers include low density, greater deformability, low cost per unit volume, recyclability and biodegradability [2-3]. In addition, the mechanical properties of natural fibers such as flax, hemp, jute, sisal and kenaf are comparable with glass fiber in respect of strength and modulus [4]. Hence, many studies have been carried out to replace the synthetic fiber for composite preparation.
3
Oner, Eren, and Seher Kaya. "Investigation of the use of hemp fibers in recycling spinning." Acta Scientiarum. Technology 45 (September 27, 2023): e63566. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascitechnol.v45i1.63566.
Full textAbstract:
In recycle yarn spinning, the original fibers are added to the blend as a carrier because of the recycled fibers obtained by opening from fabric scraps are very short and coarse. In the textile recycling industry, mostly petroleum-based synthetic fibers are used as carrier fibers. In an environmentally important activity such as recycling spinning, it is necessary to reduce the use of synthetics used as carrier fibers. When considered from this point of view, hemp fibers come to the fore with their important performance and environmental features. Based on this fact, in this study, in addition to the standard production conditions in the recycling yarn production facility, hemp fibers in different proportions were added to the blends to reduce the ratio of polyester as carrier fiber and the effects of this situation on yarn quality were examined. According to the results, it was observed that adding hemp fiber to the recycle yarn blend increased yarn tenacity, yarn unevenness and yarn hairiness while decreased yarn elongation properties.
4
Kavitha, V., and Aparna G. "A Review on Banana Fiber and Its Properties." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development 9, no. 3 (June 15, 2021): 118–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v9i3.956.
Full textAbstract:
There are many types of natural fiber including hemp, flax, jute, wood fiber, rice husks, straw wheat, oats, bagasse, barley, grass reeds, banana fiber, oil palm empty fruit bunch, coir, sisal, cotton, kenaf, ramie, water pennywort, paper-mulberry, kapok, abaca, pineapple leaf fiber. The production of banana in India is 13.5 million tons per annual. Banana forming generates more quantity of biomass which goes as waste. The above ground parts like pseudo-stem and peduncle are the major source of fiber. Banana fiber used as a raw material in industry for production of papers, tea bags, currency and reinforced as a polymer composite. Natural fiber is used as an alternative resource to synthetic fibers as well as reinforcement for polymer composite materials and the manufacturing is inexpensive, renewable and environment friendly. Natural fibers have low cost, low density and low durability as compare to synthetic fibers but with the help of fiber treatments, mechanical properties of natural fibers are improved. In this paper, banana fibers are compared through their applications, use and properties and thus it is concluded that the banana fibers provide better chemical composition and properties.
5
Nurhaliza, Ulfa Hanifah, Gema Centra Adin, Satrio Dwi Anggoro, and Muchammad Oktaviandri. "Design and Analysis Rolling Press Mechanism for producing Banana Stem as Natural Fiber." Journal of Sustainable Mechanical Engineering 1, no. 1 (July 25, 2023): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.54378/josme.v1i1.5604.
Full textAbstract:
Materials for structural engineering are divided into four types, including ceramics, polymers, and composites. Composite material is a combination of reinforcement and matrix. Composite technology has progressed so rapidly. The development was mainly triggered by the demand for high quality materials. In its development, the fiber used is not only synthetic fiber (glass fiber) but also natural fiber (natural fiber). The advantage of natural fibers compared to synthetic fibers is that natural fibers are more environmentally friendly because natural fibers are able to decompose naturally, while synthetic fibers are more difficult to decompose. In this paper, banana midrib fiber is used and taken from the kepok banana tree (Musa paradisiaca) is a fiber that has good mechanical properties. Banana midrib fiber has a density of 1.35 g/cm3, the cellulose content is 63-64%, hemicellulose 20%, lignin content is 5%, the average tensile strength is 600 MPa, the tensile modulus is 17.85 GPa and the fracture strain is 3, 36%. Because of the advantages of the banana midrib fiber, hence this paper is made for support the production of the banana midrib fiber by designing and analyzing concept design of the machine for processing natural fibers, especially when the material is banana stems, it is called ZEUS MACHINE: Banana Stem Rolling Press Machine as Natural Fiber by Using Manual Power from Pedaling. This machine can help increase the productivity of natural fiber manufacture and can support the development of technology engaged in industry.
6
Moreira, T. M., and Emília Satoshi Miyamaru Seo. "Corn Leaf Fibers Preparation and Characterization for Composite Obtention." Materials Science Forum 881 (November 2016): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.881.271.
Full textAbstract:
There is a global trend in seeking plant fibers to replace the synthetic fibers to obtain reinforced composites, aiming the use of renewable resources. In this context, this paper objective is to develop the process of corn leaf fibers preparations , characterize and adapt them for applications in the construction industry. Corn leaves were dried in room temperature, treated by mercerising (chemical process of attack on the fiber surface making it rough); then neutralized with acid solution and washed in running water. The characterization of the corn leaf fibers was performed by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence Spectrometry, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Thermogravimetry, specific mass and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry. The mercerizing treatment was effective, because the corn fibers have similar characteristics to synthetic fibers, leading to a possibility of new technological uses, besides the application in gas pipe manufacturing
7
El Hawary, Omar, Luca Boccarusso, Martin P. Ansell, Massimo Durante, and Fulvio Pinto. "An Overview of Natural Fiber Composites for Marine Applications." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, no. 5 (May 19, 2023): 1076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11051076.
Full textAbstract:
Environmental emergency awareness has been gaining momentum in recent years in the composite manufacturing industry, with a new generation of composite materials minimizing their harmful environmental impacts by employing more sustainable manufacturing processes and, where possible, replacing synthetic materials with more sustainable bio-based materials, thus more efficiently using energy and material resources. In this context, natural fiber composites are proposed as appealing candidates to replace or reduce the use of synthetic fibers for reinforcing polymers in several industrial fields, such as the marine sector, where composite usage has been extensively studied in recent years. This review aims to present a thorough overview of the usage of natural fiber composites for marine applications, discussing the most relevant criteria required for applications where water exposure is expected. For this purpose, the review outlines the natural fibers and matrices used, analyzes the resultant composites’ mechanical properties, and presents the fiber treatments required before manufacturing, as well as the main manufacturing processes adopted for natural fiber composite production. The advantages and disadvantages of natural fibers compared to synthetic fibers are also presented, including economic and environmental credentials. Finally, a list of marine components with natural fiber reinforcements developed in recent years is reported.
8
Racho, Patcharin, Pinitta Phalathip, and Warutai Dejtanon. "Modified Synthetic Fibers a Treatment for Heavy Metal Removal in Aqueous." Materials Science Forum 890 (March 2017): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.890.133.
Full textAbstract:
In this study was evaluated a performance of chemically modified synthesis fiber for the heavy metal treatment. Four fibers sampled from textile industry were evaluated in this study including of polyester, nylon, rayon and polyester/cotton. The graft copolymerization is the first step of modification process using acrylic acid with and without a surfactant. Then, amino chelating group was prepared via soaked in ethylenediamine solution. The grafting percentage was found in about 30-54% and 12-138% respectively without and with a surfactant conditions, respectively.Since, 3 M of acrylic acid 0.1 g of BPO neither, a polyester/cotton fibers nor 4 M acrylic acid. Overall results showed that the amino chelating fibers had higher lead and hexavalent chromium removal efficiencies than non modified fibers. These indicated the chemically modified fibers that functionalized with acrylic acid and ethylenediamine had capable to improve to an adsorption capacity. The modified nylon fibers had the highest adsorption capacity within 48 mg/g for Pb2+ and Cr6+.
9
Berkane, Hachemi Adda, Noureddine Della, Sidali Denine, and Mahdi Missoum Benziane. "Incorporating vegetal fibers for sustainable sandy soil." Revista de la construcción 22, no. 1 (2023): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/rdlc.22.1.135.
Full textAbstract:
Incorporating fibers into the soil is a reinforcement remediation technique to improve its physical and mechanical properties. Depending on the type of fibers, synthetic fibers, have negative impacts on the environment linked to the waste of their chemical industry. Currently, vegetal fibers consider an economic and ecological alternative to soil reinforcement. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the influence of two types of randomly distributed fibers (Alfa and Sisal fibers) on the mechanical properties of sandy soil. Direct shear tests were performed on Chlef sand at relative density (Dr = 75% and 40%) and of fiber contents varying from 1, 2, 3 and 4% for sand samples reinforced with Alfa fibers and 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7% for sand samples reinforced with Sisal fibers. The test results show that the inclusion of vegetal fibers in sandy soil improves the peak and residual shear strength. In addition, soil resistance was found to attain a maximum with the optimums of 0.7% for sisal fiber content and 3% for Alfa fibers.
10
Tholibon, Dulina, Izdihar Tharazi, Abu Bakar Sulong, Norhamidi Muhamad, Nur Farhani Ismail, Mohd Khairul Fadzly Md Radzi, Nabilah Afiqah Mohd Radzuan, and David Hui. "Kenaf Fiber Composites: A Review on Synthetic and Biodegradable Polymer Matrix." Jurnal Kejuruteraan 31, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2019-31(1)-08.
Full textAbstract:
This review paper deals with the previous and current works published on the kenaf fiber composites. Kenaf is grown commercially in South East Asia country and widely used in the construction and infrastructure as well as in the automotive industry. Kenaf fiber is usually reinforced with synthetic based polymer resin such as polypropylene. However, recent studies tend to concern towards the environmental issues which kenaf fiber act as an alternative natural fiber competitor. Moreover, the combination of the natural fiber and the biodegradable polymer able to reduce the negative impact on human health. Hence, researcher-initiated the interest focusing on the biodegradable materials obtained from the renewable sources. A huge attention gave to the kenaf fiber reinforced bio-polymer materials such as polylactic acid. The processing technique and the fiber orientation within the composite materials are discussed extensively in order to obtain the maximum composite performance. Results indicated that the mechanical properties; tensile strength and tensile modulus, are improved as the kenaf fiber was aligned in uni-direction. Therefore, this paper overview on the kenaf retting types in the common form of kenaf fibers and discussing the thermoplastic polymer matrices types used in the fabrication processes. In addition, the challenging of using kenaf fibers composites and its application in the automotive industry also highlighted.
11
Del Savio, Alexandre Almeida Del, Darwin La Torre Esquivel, Flávio de Andrade de Andrade Silva, and Joaquín Agreda Agreda Pastor. "Influence of Synthetic Fibers on the Flexural Properties of Concrete: Prediction of Toughness as a Function of Volume, Slenderness Ratio and Elastic Modulus of Fibers." Polymers 15, no. 4 (February 11, 2023): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15040909.
Full textAbstract:
The construction industry requires concrete with adequate post-cracking behavior for applications such as tunnels, bridges, and pavements. For this reason, polypropylene macrofibers are used, which are synthetic fibers that fulfill the function of providing residual strength to concrete. In this study, an experimental plan is carried out to evaluate the bending behavior of concrete reinforced with polypropylene fibers using the four-point bending test according to ASTM C1609. Three fiber dosages (3.6, 7.2 and 10.8 kg/m3) and three fiber lengths (40, 50, and 60 mm) were used. The use of macro polypropylene fibers increased the post-cracking behavior of concrete. In addition, based on the experimentally obtained results and available literature data, a multivariable equation was developed to predict the concrete toughness as a function of the volume, slenderness, and modulus of elasticity of the fibers. A Pearson’s correlation coefficient, r of 0.90, showed a strong correlation between the developed equation and the experimental data. From this equation, it was possible to determine the participation of the following parameters in calculating toughness. The participation or weight of the fiber’s modulus of elasticity on the concrete’s tenacity is 26%, the volume of the fiber is 39%, the slenderness is 19%, and the reinforcement index is 16%.
12
Madival, Abhishek Sadananda, Deepak Doreswamy, Srinivasulu Maddasani, Manjunath Shettar, and Raviraj Shetty. "Processing, Characterization of Furcraea foetida (FF) Fiber and Investigation of Physical/Mechanical Properties of FF/Epoxy Composite." Polymers 14, no. 7 (April 6, 2022): 1476. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14071476.
Full textAbstract:
In recent days the rising concern over environmental pollution with excessive use of synthetic materials has led to various eco-friendly innovations. Due to the organic nature, abundance and higher strength, natural fibers are gaining a lot of interest among researchers and are also extensively used by various industries to produce ecological products. Natural fibers are widely used in the composite industry as an alternative to synthetic fibers for numerous applications and new sources of fiber are continuously being explored. In this study, a fiber extracted from the Furcraea foetida (FF) plant is characterized for its feasibility as a reinforcement to fabricate polymer composite. The results show that the fiber has a density of 0.903 ± 0.07 g/cm3, tensile strength (σt) of 170.47 ± 24.71 MPa and the fiber is thermally stable up to 250 °C. The chemical functional groups and elements present in the FF fiber are evaluated by conducting Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The addition of FF fibers in epoxy reduced the density (13.44%) and hardness (10.9%) of the FF/Epoxy (FF/E) composite. However, the void content (Vc < 8%) and water absorption (WA: < 6%) rate increased in the composite. The FF/E composite with 30% volume of FF fibers showed maximum σt (32.14 ± 5.54 MPa) and flexural strength (σf: 80.23 ± 11.3 MPa).
13
Abir, Md Masudur R., S. M. Kashif, and Md Abdur Razzak. "Tensile and Statistical Analysis of Sisal Fibers for Natural Fiber Composite Manufacture." Advanced Materials Research 1115 (July 2015): 349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1115.349.
Full textAbstract:
To achieve sustainability in the composite industry, natural fibers must be able to replace synthetic fibers .In this work the tensile properties of sisal fibers were determined. The relationships between tensile strength, young modulus, failure to strain and gage length was studied. Also variation in tensile strength was quantified using statistical analysis. The relationship between Weibull statistics and gage length were also investigated. The strength of the sisal fiber obtained in this work was between 255-377 MPA and decreased with an increase in gage length. The Weibull modulus obtained was similar for all gage lengths and was around 2.5.
14
Oliari Garcez, Estela, Muhammad Ikramul Kabir, Alastair MacLeod, Mahbube Subhani, and Kazem Ghabraie. "Self-Compacting Concrete Reinforced with Twisted-Bundle Macro-Synthetic Fiber." Applied Sciences 9, no. 12 (June 21, 2019): 2543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9122543.
Full textAbstract:
The use of self-compacting concrete (SCC) reinforced with fibers has great potential in the precast concrete industry as the concrete can be delivered straight into the moulds, without any vibration or compacting effort. Similarly, it has the potential to replace traditional steel reinforcement depending on the design requirements. Novel synthetic fibers have recently become available in the market, but still, limited information is available on the performance of SCC reinforced with such fibers. This paper investigates the use of twisted-bundle macro-synthetic fiber in self-compacting concrete. Three different concrete mixtures with fiber dosage of 4, 6, and 8 kg/m3 were produced in large scale batches, and their performance was compared in terms of slump-flow, compressive strength, split tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and flexural strength. Moreover, a comprehensive evaluation of the post-cracking residual strength is presented. It was found that the mixture with 4 kg/m3 fiber content has the most satisfactory flowability, whereas 8 kg/m3 mixture achieved the highest residual flexural strength. Based on the observed post-cracking behavior, a simplified stress-crack opening constitutive law is proposed. Since the fiber dosage affects the residual flexural strength, a factor related to fiber content is recommended while determining the ultimate residual flexural strength.
15
Al-Sebai, Humam, Zaid A. Al-Sadoon, Salah Altoubat, and Mohamed Maalej. "Constitutive Relations for Modelling Macro Synthetic Fiber Reinforced Concrete." Civil Engineering Journal 10, no. 6 (June 1, 2024): 1806–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2024-010-06-06.
Full textAbstract:
The increasing utilization of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (FRC) within the construction industry signifies a pivotal shift towards enhancing structural integrity and durability. Despite the predominant use of steel fibers, exploring macro synthetic fibers has gained momentum due to their potential to address critical challenges, such as workability reduction and corrosion resistance in FRC, without markedly affecting its structural performance. Among the forefronts of FRC research is developing an accurate constitutive model encompassing the diverse behavior of fibers, particularly synthetic ones. This discrepancy necessitates a distinct constitutive model for synthetic fibers to precisely characterize their tensile post-cracking behavior and regulate their design specifications. In this research, a preliminary constitutive model is derived through an inverse analysis procedure employing a Generalized Reduced Gradient (GRG) optimization method to the load-displacement results of the experimental testing of twenty ASTM C1609 beam samples. The results of the inverse analysis are used to correlate the ASTM C1609 residual flexural tensile strength parameters, fL/600 and fL/150to the stress-strain points defining the uniaxial tensile curve of macro-synthetic fibers, achieving coefficients of determination exceeding 98.5%. The model is statistically confirmed to be a valid constitutive relation for macro-synthetic fibers via successfully representing the post-cracking load-deflection behavior of standardized concrete beams, thereby outperforming traditional constitutive models in simulating the post-cracking behavior of FRC. Moreover, the model demonstrates robust predictive capabilities for the load-deflection curve of externally standardized samples, showcasing its potential for broader application in FRC design and analysis. Doi: 10.28991/CEJ-2024-010-06-06 Full Text: PDF
16
Irwan Suriaman, Mardiyati, Jooned Hendrarsakti, and Ari Darmawan Pasek. "Potensi Pemanfaatan Serat Selulosa sebagai Material Bahan Baku dalam Sintesis Filter Udara Non-Woven sesuai Standar TAPPI T 205." Jurnal Teknologika 10, no. 2 (November 26, 2020): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.51132/teknologika.v10i2.80.
Full textAbstract:
Industry 4.0 era materials used by entrepreneurs should be recycled, environmentally friendly, renewable with less chemical content. Indonesia as a tropical country has a large land area with the potential to produce the largest natural fiber in the world. One opportunity that can be applied to the utilization of natural fibers in air filters that currently use dominant materials is synthetic fibers. natural fiber has the advantage because it does not contain toxic chemicals, local raw materials, and is easily produced. This research will analyze the mechanical and morphological characteristics of biological fibers that have great potential as pre-filter raw material. Analysis of mechanical properties through tensile strength testing for single fibers and morphological analysis through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Tensile testing was the results are; palm oil has a tensile strength of 620 MPa; 998 MPa and 213 MPa flax coconut fiber. For the morphological test results from SEM analysis for ramie fiber, it looks solid without fiber holes; The fibers appear to be many small fibers bound to one another while coir fibers have many pore holes in one observed fiber.
17
Koronis, Georgios, Arlindo Silva, and Michael Ong. "Comparison of Structural Performance and Environmental Impact of Epoxy Composites Modified by Glass and Flax Fabrics." Journal of Composites Science 6, no. 10 (September 27, 2022): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs6100284.
Full textAbstract:
Comparing the structural performance and environmental impact of parts made of natural and synthetic fibers has become increasingly important for industry and education, as the benefits of one type of fiber over another are not always clear. The current work discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using natural and synthetic fibers and compares the flexural performance of parts made of each of these fibers and their environmental impact. This paper investigates the flexural behavior of epoxy composites modified by glass and flax fabrics through experimental, numerical, and analytical studies. Specimens with various fabrics (dried and non-dried) were fabricated to test their performance. The failure of unidirectional glass and flax fiber reinforced polymer composite laminate was examined by destructive testing. A finite-element model was developed, and the mechanical behaviors of fiber-reinforced composites were predicted in a three-point bending test. Experimental results were compared to numerical analysis to validate the model’s accuracy. A life cycle assessment (LCA) was employed to determine the climate impact of composite production. The analysis revealed a decreased environmental effect of plant-based panels suggesting that they are less energy and CO2 intensive than synthetic solutions. The LCA model can be applied in further studies of products that consist of or use flax-based composites.
18
da Silva, Thuane Teixeira, Pedro Henrique Poubel Mendonça da Silveira, André Ben-Hur da Silva Figueiredo, Sérgio Neves Monteiro, Matheus Pereira Ribeiro, Lucas de Mendonça Neuba, Noan Tonini Simonassi, Fabio da Costa Garcia Filho, and Lucio Fabio Cassiano Nascimento. "Dynamic Mechanical Analysis and Ballistic Performance of Kenaf Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Composites." Polymers 14, no. 17 (September 2, 2022): 3629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14173629.
Full textAbstract:
Several industry sectors have sought to develop materials that combine lightness, strength and cost-effectiveness. Natural lignocellulosic natural fibers have demonstrated to be efficient in replacing synthetic fibers, owing to several advantages such as costs 50% lower than that of synthetic fibers and promising mechanical specific properties. Polymeric matrix composites that use kenaf fibers as reinforcement have shown strength increases of over 600%. This work aims to evaluate the performance of epoxy matrix composites reinforced with kenaf fibers, by means of dynamic-mechanical analysis (DMA) and ballistic test. Through DMA, it was possible to obtain the curves of storage modulus (E′), loss modulus (E″) and damping factor, Tan δ, of the composites. The variation of E′ displayed an increase from 1540 MPa for the plain epoxy to 6550 MPa for the 30 vol.% kenaf fiber composites, which evidences the increase in viscoelastic stiffness of the composite. The increase in kenaf fiber content induced greater internal friction, resulting in superior E″. The Tan δ was considerably reduced with increasing reinforcement fraction, indicating better interfacial adhesion between the fiber and the matrix. Ballistic tests against 0.22 caliber ammunition revealed similar performance in terms of both residual and limit velocities for plain epoxy and 30 vol.% kenaf fiber composites. These results confirm the use of kenaf fiber as a promising reinforcement of polymer composites for automotive parts and encourage its possible application as a ballistic armor component.
19
Lin, Jia Horng, Chen Hung Huang, Yu Chun Chuang, Ying Huei Shih, Ching Wen Lin, and Ching Wen Lou. "Property Evaluation of Sound-Absorbent Nonwoven Fabrics Made of Polypropylene Nonwoven Selvages." Advanced Materials Research 627 (December 2012): 855–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.627.855.
Full textAbstract:
The rapid development of textile industry at the beginning of the Industrial Revolution results in the invention of synthetic fibers. As synthetic fibers cannot be decomposed naturally, significant textile waste is thus created. Selvages, which make up the majority of our total garbage output, have a low value and thus are usually sold cheaply or outsourced as textile waste. This study aims to recycle and reclaim the nonwoven selvages which are discarded by the textile industry. The recycled polypropylene (PP) selvages, serving as a packing material, and 6 denier PP staple fibers are made into the recycled PP nonwoven fabrics. The resulting nonwoven fabrics are subsequently tested in terms of maximum tensile breaking strength, tearing strength, surface observation, thickness measurement and sound absorption coefficient.
20
Khalid, Muhammad Yasir, Ramsha Imran, Zia Ullah Arif, Naveed Akram, Hassan Arshad, Ans Al Rashid, and Fausto Pedro García Márquez. "Developments in Chemical Treatments, Manufacturing Techniques and Potential Applications of Natural-Fibers-Based Biodegradable Composites." Coatings 11, no. 3 (March 4, 2021): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11030293.
Full textAbstract:
The utilization of synthetic materials stimulates environmental concerns, and researchers worldwide are effectively reacting to environmental concerns by transitioning towards biodegradable and sustainable materials. Natural fibers like jute and sisal have been being utilized for ages in several applications, such as ropes, building materials, particle boards, etc. The absence of essential information in preparing the natural-fiber-reinforced materials is still a challenge for future applications. Chemical treatments and surface modifications can improve the quality of the natural fibers. Natural-fiber-based composites are a potential candidate for many lightweight engineering applications with significant mechanical properties. In the view of the progressive literature reported in the field, this work aims to present the significance of natural fibers, their composites, and the main factors influencing these materials for various applications (automotive industry, for instance). Secondly, we aim to address different surface modifications and chemical treatments on natural fibers and finally provide an overview of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites’ potential applications.
21
Du, Jiang, Chuanzhi Pu, Xianyu Sun, Qi Wang, Hongqing Niu, and Dezhen Wu. "Preparation and Interfacial Properties of Hydroxyl-Containing Polyimide Fibers." Polymers 15, no. 4 (February 19, 2023): 1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15041032.
Full textAbstract:
Developing polyimide (PI) fibers with excellent interfacial adhesion and high mechanical properties for the PI fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites (PFRPs) industry has been challenging. In this work, 4,4′-diamino-(1,1′-biphenyl)-3,3′-diol (HAB) diamine was introduced into the rigid molecular chains, and the high-performance PI fibers, presenting an interfacial shear strength (IFSS) value of 46.33 MPa, tensile strength of 2.62 GPa, and modulus of 100.15 GPa, were successfully manufactured when the content of HAB in mixed diamines was 30 mol %. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy identified the presence of intermolecular H-bonding interactions, and 2D small-angle X-ray scattering indicated that the introduction of HAB moiety contributed to reducing the radii of microvoids in the fibers, which were considered to be the key factors leading to a significant enhancement in the mechanical properties of the fibers. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and the static contact angle intuitively illustrated that the synthetic fiber surface contained active hydroxyl groups. The IFSS value of PI fiber/epoxy resin composites (PI/EPs) was 56.47 MPa when the content of HAB reached 70 mol %. Failure morphologies confirmed that the interfacial adhesion of PI/EPs was enhanced owing to the surface activity of PI fibers. Consequently, this study provides an effective strategy to the long-standing problems of high mechanical performances and poor surface activity for traditional PI fibers used in the PFRPs industry.
22
Omar, Nurihan, S. Najwa S. Mohd, Y. Aminanda, J. S. Mohammed Ali, and S. M. Kashif. "Experimental Study on Jute-Fiber-Epoxy Composite Plate Subjected to Impact Loading." Advanced Materials Research 576 (October 2012): 232–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.576.232.
Full textAbstract:
World is currently focusing on alternate material sources that are environment friendly and biodegradable in nature. Due to the increasing environmental concerns, bio-composite made from natural fibers and polymeric resin, is one of the recent developments in the industry and constitute the present scope of experimental work. This work presents on advantages, mechanical and physical behavior of jute fiber – epoxy composites, one of the renewable alternatives. The bio-composite is experimentally investigated in term of low velocity impact loading. The experimental observations in term of damage mechanism, maximum force and maximum energy absorption were studied to understand the effect of fiber orientation. A comparative study with typical synthetic fibers like carbon and glass were also conducted.
23
Mashelmie, S., M. Rabiatul Manisah, N. Bahiyah Baba, and A. Mohd. "The effect of kenaf loading on kenaf/ABS composites structure and thermal properties." Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering 111, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.9994.
Full textAbstract:
Many manufacturers have recently become interested in using fiber-reinforced polymer composites (FRPs) in structural applications. Synthetic fibres, such as carbon and glass fibres, have been commercialised internationally for decades, but they cause environmental issues because synthetic fibres are non-biodegradable and difficult to recycle once they have served their purpose, potentially polluting the environment. Thus, natural fibre composites like kenaf is a possible replacement for synthetic fibre due to their superior physical and mechanical properties. Kenaf appears to be the best candidate for replacing synthetic fibres in order to accomplish the goal of environmental preservation while also displaying excellent properties such as equivalent specific strength, low density, and renewable resources. The kenaf fiber was treated in KOH and added to ABS matrix to produce new composites at different loading (10, 15, 20 and 25 wt.%) by using Two Roll Mill machine. The influence of the fiber on the composites properties was evaluated. The produced material was subjected to SEM, MFI, TGA and DSC analysis. The incorporation of the treated kenaf fiber has an influence on the properties of kenaf/ABS composites. The addition of 10 wt.% kenaf was found to be the best loading with MFI value, initial degradation temperature and glass transition temperature at 0.8208 g/10 min, 322.63°C and 130°C respectively. The fiber was well dispersed in the matrix and shown good adhesion to the ABS. The addition of treated fiber contribute to a reduction in the MFI, improved the thermal stability of the composites and typical effects of Tg of the composite compare to pure ABS. The results suggest the need to continue the study in order to further analyse higher kenaf loading and shed more light on the properties of the composites to improve understanding of kenaf/ABS composites. Obtained results are a solution to alternative of synthetic fibers, which may contribute to the sustainable development of composites materials industry through the utilization of kenaf fiber with ABS matrix.
24
S. M. Farhana Iqbal, Md. Humaun Kabir, Md. Iftakharul Muhib, and Md. Mehadi Hasan Khan Rupok. "Prospect of waste banana fiber use in industry: A narrative review." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 10, no. 2 (December 30, 2023): 828–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2023.10.2.1045.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years, there has been significant research and investigation into the utilization of natural plant fibers. These fibers are increasingly recognized for their superiority over synthetic alternatives due to their biodegradable nature, renewable source, lightweight composition, and enhanced biochemical and tensile characteristics. Banana fiber holds significant importance due to the widespread use of bananas globally. Different components of the banana plant, including the fruit, fruit skin, flower buds, leaves, and pseudo-stem (banana trunk), are employed for diverse industrial applications. The pseudo-stem constitutes a significant proportion of the biomass derived from banana waste and possesses high-quality fiber that exhibits promising potential for various industrial applications. These applications include the production of sanitary pads, textiles, pulp and paper, food products, reinforced composite materials for automobiles, construction materials, aerospace components, and other composite materials. Additionally, the residual waste generated from its production can be effectively employed for the development of bio-based products, thereby making a direct contribution to a country's economy. In summary, this review study provides valuable insights for many stakeholders, including farmers, businesspeople, planners, scientists, and the government, to facilitate informed decision-making and promote socioeconomic advancement within the country.
25
Ruuth, Edvin, Miguel Sanchis-Sebastiá, Per Tomas Larsson, Anita Teleman, Amparo Jiménez-Quero, Sara Delestig, Viktor Sahlberg, et al. "Reclaiming the Value of Cotton Waste Textiles: A New Improved Method to Recycle Cotton Waste Textiles via Acid Hydrolysis." Recycling 7, no. 4 (August 12, 2022): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/recycling7040057.
Full textAbstract:
The fashion industry is becoming one of the largest emitters worldwide due to its high consumption of raw materials, its effluents, and the fact that every garment will eventually contribute to the vast amount of waste being incinerated or accumulating in landfills. Although fiber-to-fiber recycling processes are being developed, the mechanical properties of the textile fibers are typically degraded with each such recycle. Thus, tertiary recycling alternatives where textiles are depolymerized to convert them into valuable products are needed to provide end-of-life alternatives and to achieve circularity in the fashion industry. We have developed a method whereby cotton waste textiles are depolymerized to form a glucose solution, using sulfuric acid as the sole catalyst, with a high yield (>70%). The glucose solution produced in this process has a high concentration (>100 g/L), which reduces the purification cost and makes the process industrially relevant. This method can be applied regardless of the quality of the fibers and could therefore process other cellulosic fibers such as viscose. The glucose produced could subsequently be fermented into butanediol or caprolactam, precursors for the production of synthetic textile fibers, thus retaining the value of the waste textiles within the textile value chain.
26
Ahmed, Waleed, Fady Alnajjar, Essam Zaneldin, Ali H. Al-Marzouqi, Munkhjargal Gochoo, and Sumayya Khalid. "Implementing FDM 3D Printing Strategies Using Natural Fibers to Produce Biomass Composite." Materials 13, no. 18 (September 13, 2020): 4065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13184065.
Full textAbstract:
Current environmental concerns have led to a search of more environmentally friendly manufacturing methods; thus, natural fibers have gained attention in the 3D printing industry to be used as bio-filters along with thermoplastics. The utilization of natural fibers is very convenient as they are easily available, cost-effective, eco-friendly, and biodegradable. Using natural fibers rather than synthetic fibers in the production of the 3D printing filaments will reduce gas emissions associated with the production of the synthetic fibers that would add to the current pollution problem. As a matter of fact, natural fibers have a reinforcing effect on plastics. This review analyzes how the properties of the different polymers vary when natural fibers processed to produce filaments for 3D Printing are added. The results of using natural fibers for 3D Printing are presented in this study and appeared to be satisfactory, while a few studies have reported some issues.
27
Al Rashid, Ans, Muhammad Yasir Khalid, Ramsha Imran, Umair Ali, and Muammer Koc. "Utilization of Banana Fiber-Reinforced Hybrid Composites in the Sports Industry." Materials 13, no. 14 (July 16, 2020): 3167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13143167.
Full textAbstract:
The sports industry is an ever-growing sector worldwide. With technological advancements in information technologies, the sports industry has merged with the entertainment industry, reaching and influencing billions of people globally. However, to ensure and advance the safety, security, and sustainability of the sports industry, technological innovations are always needed in several manufacturing and materials processes to achieve cost-effectiveness, efficiency, durability, reusability, and recyclability of products used in this industry. For example, 90% of the field hockey equipment produced in the world comes from Sialkot, Pakistan. Most export quality field hockey equipment is currently produced via reinforcement of glass/carbon fibers in epoxy resin. The current study aimed to introduce new materials for field hockey equipment to reduce manufacturing costs and the environmental impact of synthetic materials, without comprising the quality of the final product. Our literature review on natural fibers revealed that they offer excellent and compatible mechanical properties. Based on extensive experimental studies, we concluded that banana fiber reinforced hybrid composites could be an alternative to pure glass fiber reinforced composites, with comparable and even higher load withstanding capabilities. Using banana fiber reinforced hybrid composites for the fabrication of hockey products would cut costs and lower the environmental impact stemming from the uses of biodegradable organic materials. It will also lead to the development of a domestic economy based on domestic resources.
28
Hanumantharao and Rao. "Multi-Functional Electrospun Nanofibers from Polymer Blends for Scaffold Tissue Engineering." Fibers 7, no. 7 (July 19, 2019): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib7070066.
Full textAbstract:
Electrospinning and polymer blending have been the focus of research and the industry for their versatility, scalability, and potential applications across many different fields. In tissue engineering, nanofiber scaffolds composed of natural fibers, synthetic fibers, or a mixture of both have been reported. This review reports recent advances in polymer blended scaffolds for tissue engineering and the fabrication of functional scaffolds by electrospinning. A brief theory of electrospinning and the general setup as well as modifications used are presented. Polymer blends, including blends with natural polymers, synthetic polymers, mixture of natural and synthetic polymers, and nanofiller systems, are discussed in detail and reviewed.
29
Xun, Ziyang. "Properties and application of Kelvar and its composites." Applied and Computational Engineering 26, no. 1 (November 7, 2023): 304–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/26/20230857.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years, synthetic fiber reinforced composites have attracted more and more attention. The advantages of these materials compared to other traditional metal materials are reflected in their lighter weight, more unique flexibility, and superior mechanical properties. Because of this, these synthetic fiber composites are increasingly used in industry, the military, and other advanced technologies. Among them, Kevlar fiber composites have unique properties. Compared with other synthetic fibers, it has lower fiber elongation and higher tensile strength and modulus. Not only that, but the Kevlar composite also has better thermal properties and impact resistance. This article will first introduce the properties of Kevlar fiber, and then introduce different kinds of Kevlar composite materials. These include MS-Kevlar, SSG@Kevlar, Kevlar-Reinforced composites, and Kevlar aerogels. Because these composites have many different properties, they can have corresponding products in many different fields. The knowledge of existing materials helps us think about more applications for these new composites.
30
Markowska, Agnieszka, Adam Roman Markowski, and Iwona Jarocka-Karpowicz. "The Importance of 6-Aminohexanoic Acid as a Hydrophobic, Flexible Structural Element." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 22 (November 9, 2021): 12122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212122.
Full textAbstract:
6-aminohexanoic acid is an ω-amino acid with a hydrophobic, flexible structure. Although the ω-amino acid in question is mainly used clinically as an antifibrinolytic drug, other applications are also interesting and important. This synthetic lysine derivative, without an α-amino group, plays a significant role in chemical synthesis of modified peptides and in the polyamide synthetic fibers (nylon) industry. It is also often used as a linker in various biologically active structures. This review concentrates on the role of 6-aminohexanoic acid in the structure of various molecules.
31
Moudood, Abdul, Anisur Rahman, Andreas Öchsner, Mainul Islam, and Gaston Francucci. "Flax fiber and its composites: An overview of water and moisture absorption impact on their performance." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 38, no. 7 (December 11, 2018): 323–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684418818893.
Full textAbstract:
Contemporary researchers have specified that natural flax fiber is comparable with synthetic fibers due to its unique physical and mechanical characteristics which have been recognized for decades. Flax fiber-reinforced composites have the potential for wide usage in sport and maritime industries, and as automotive accessories. In addition, this composite is in the development stages for future applications in the aeronautical industry. However, designing the flax composite parts is a challenging task due to the great variability in fiber properties. This is caused by many factors, including the plant origin and growth conditions, plant age, location in the stem, fibers extraction method, and the fact that there is often a non-uniform cross section of the fibers. Furthermore, the water and moisture absorption tendency of the flax fibers and their composites and the consequent detrimental effects on their mechanical performance are also major drawbacks. Fibers may soften and swell with absorbed water molecules, which could affect the performance of this bio-composite. Flax fibers’ moisture absorption propensity may lead to a deterioration of the fiber–matrix interface, weakening the interfacial strength and ultimately degrading the quality of the composite. This review represents a brief summary of the main findings of research into flax fiber reinforced composites, focusing on the challenges of its water and moisture absorption behavior on their performance.
32
Prabakaran, E., D. Vasanth Kumar, A. Jaganathan, P. Ashok Kumar, and M. Veeerapathran. "Analysis on Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Concrete Composite for Industrial Flooring – A Review." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2272, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2272/1/012026.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Fiber composites are the having an good scope in construction industry as they are light in weight, durable, economic, and resistant to temperatures. Many researchers concentrate on the composites for the industrial flooring with the fibers. The main objective of this paper is to review the fiber reinforced epoxy for industrial flooring. Epoxy can be used as flooring elements in industries as they deliver good performance. Since, natural and synthetic fibres can be used with filler matrices, which are very much cheaper than the conventional steel fibres reinforced composite concrete flooring and other type of composites here fibre is considered for reinforcing with epoxy or polymer concrete filler matrix. Fibre-polymer and fibre-concrete composite properties has been reviewed for testing procedure for flexural test, bending test, tensile test and based on the results, it is clear that the fibre-polymer concrete composite, which has good mechanical properties and performance than the mentioned composites, can be made for industrial flooring
33
Araya-Letelier, Gerardo, Federico C. Antico, Pablo Fernado Parra, and Miguel Carrasco. "Fiber-Reinforced Mortar Incorporating Pig Hair." Advanced Engineering Forum 21 (March 2017): 219–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.21.219.
Full textAbstract:
Recycled fibers from food-industry could be added as reinforcement to cement-based materials. Cement-based materials perform well under compression, but tensile strength and post-cracking ductility in tension are poor. Fibers produced from steel, glass and synthetic materials, have been successfully used to overcome some of these shortcomings. Fiber-reinforced mortar has shown an increased post-cracking ductility and improved long-term serviceability due to the crack control provided by fibers. Food-industry waste disposal is globally a major concern because of its environmental impacts. For these reasons, the use of recycled materials in construction applications has been investigated over the last decades. This investigation deals with the incorporation of pig hair, which is a waste produced by the food-industry worldwide, in fiber-reinforced mortars. This composite material is intended to reduce the environmental impacts by valuing waste materials in construction applications while improving mechanical properties. To determine compressive, flexural and impact strength, bulk density, porosity and dynamic modulus of elasticity laboratory tests were conducted in mortar specimens with 0%, and 2% of pig-hair content in weight of cement. The results of this research show that the impact strength can increase up to five times when compared to plain mortar. Moreover, the compressive and flexural strengths, bulk density, porosity and the dynamic modulus of elasticity of fiber-reinforced mortar, with the aforementioned pig-hair content, are not significantly affected.
34
Glyuzitskiy, K. К., and A. V. Korenevskaya. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PRICE OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS AND THE COMPETITIVENESS OF TEXTILE ENTERPRISES IN RUSSIA." Scientific Journal ECONOMIC SYSTEMS 1, no. 181 (2021): 117–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.29030/2309-2076-2021-14-2-117-125.
Full textAbstract:
The article discusses trends in the textile industry, the pace and direction of use of synthetic fabric, key factors affecting the competitiveness of textile enterprises specializing in synthetic fibers. The necessary components are identified for the effective functioning and rapid entry into the world market of competitive enterprises in the textile industry of Russia. The paper addresses the problems of volatility of crude oil and the related instability in the price policy of synthetic fabric. The author concludes that it is necessary to actively stimulate and develop textile enterprises, considering the change in the oil market in 2020, as well as the current expansion of the use of synthetic fabrics.
35
Teirumnieka, Ērika, Dagnija Blumberga, and Edmunds Teirumnieks. "THE APPLICATION OF HEMP IN BIOECONOMY." ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. RESOURCES. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 16, 2021): 281–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2021vol1.6966.
Full textAbstract:
Global trends in the world are currently representing a serious incentive to bring ‘green thinking’ to life. This is the case of replacing synthetic materials derived from fossil resources with natural-origin, renewable resources. In the automotive industry and other segments of the manufacturing industry, increasing attention is being paid to the use of natural fibers in the manufacturing of composite materials. For example, flax and hemp fiber, as reinforcing material, is starting to widely replace carbon fiber. It is not just an ecological benefit, but also an important product protecting human health, since the amount of emissions that pollute the environment is minimized. Consequently, that lead to reduced intake by human being of harmful substances that would affect its health status. Existing composite materials used in motor vehicles, produced from carbon fibers, are creating very sharp fracture areas in the event of accidents causing human injury, while materials from natural fiber plants in this case are free from sharp edges at the place of fracture. Raw materials derived from hemp processing are used in the automotive, textile industry, construction (hemp concrete, heat insulation material), energy, biofuel production, arts and design, paper production, food, medicine, etc. This paper covers the main types of products derived from hemp.
36
Grafe, Timothy, and Kristine Graham. "Polymeric Nanofibers and Nanofiber Webs: A New Class of Nonwovens." International Nonwovens Journal os-12, no. 1 (March 2003): 1558925003os—12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925003os-1200113.
Full textAbstract:
Nanofiber is a broad phrase generally referring to a fiber with a diameter less than 1 micron. While glass fibers have existed in the sub-micron range for some time and polymeric meltblown fibers are just beginning to break the micron barrier, 0.25 micron diameter electrospun nanofibers have been manufactured and used commercially for air filtration applications for more than twenty years. Several value-added nonwoven applications, including filtration, barrier fabrics, wipes, personal care, medical and pharmaceutical applications may benefit from the interesting technical properties of commercially available nanofibers and nanofiber webs. This paper will discuss the electrospinning process for making nanofibers and nonwoven nanofiber webs from synthetic fiber-forming polymers. The resulting physical characteristics of the nanofiber webs will be discussed. In order to provide a useful context for the nonwovens industry, nanofiber webs will be compared to both melt-blown and spunbond nonwovens. The description and comparison of the properties should provide product designers in the nonwovens industry with the tools to generate product and applications ideas about new uses for nanofibers.
37
Mohamed, Osama, and Haya Zuaiter. "Fresh Properties, Strength, and Durability of Fiber-Reinforced Geopolymer and Conventional Concrete: A Review." Polymers 16, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16010141.
Full textAbstract:
Reducing the environmental footprint of the construction industry in general and concrete in particular is essential. The addition of synthetic and natural fibers to concrete mixes at appropriate dosages enhances durability and strength and extends the lifespan of concrete infrastructures. This study reviews the geometric and mechanical properties of selected fibers such as steel, basalt, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene, glass, carbon, and natural fibers and their impact on concrete fresh, mechanical, and durability properties when combined in different configurations. The study focuses on the effect of blending fibers with concrete mixes that use alkali-activated binders based on recycled industrial byproducts such as slag and fly ash and thereby contribute to reduction of CO2 contribution through complete or partial replacement of Ordinary Portland cement (OPC). As a result, the effect of binder content, binder composition, alkaline activator concentration, and water-to-binder (w/b) ratio on fresh properties, mechanical strength, and durability of concrete with blended fibers is also evaluated in this study. The properties of fiber-reinforced concrete with alkali-activated binder and conventional OPC binders are compared. Fiber-reinforced concrete with alkali-activated binders that are based on industrial byproducts may represent sustainable alternatives to conventional concrete and offers competitive fresh and mechanical properties when fiber properties, fiber content, w/b ratio, binder type, and dosage are carefully considered in concrete mix design.
38
Deo, Hari T., Nagesh K. Patel, and Bharat K. Patel. "Eco-friendly Flame Retardant (FR) Pet Fibers through P – N Synergism." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 3, no. 4 (December 2008): 155892500800300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892500800300404.
Full textAbstract:
Polyester forms a major constituent among the synthetic fiber industry. It is the most popular synthetic fiber because of its high strength and esthetic appeal. Polyester being highly crystalline, hydrophobic and devoid of reactive groups, it is difficult to introduce reactive phosphorus into the fiber structure through chemical reactions with the phosphorus compounds. Fairly large quantities of the FR chemicals have to be incorporated to achieve self-extinguishing behavior. Although not all Flame Retardant (FR) chemicals are hazardous, it is advisable from an ecological point of view to introduce minimum quantities of FR substances in the fiber structure. The present Paper tries to address the said problems in a small way, so that the PET fiber could be better acceptable. Therefore, graft co-polymerization of nitrogenous vinyl monomers has been carried out on the fiber followed by its reaction with phosphorus chemicals, thereby incorporating reactive phosphorus in the grafted substrate. It has been shown that a very small amount of the FR chemical could impart fire resistance of very high order to polyester. Self-extinguishing characteristic was achieved for poly (ethylene terephthalate) fibers with acrylamide-grafted-phosphorylated (AM-g-P) PET fibers containing just 0.189% phosphorus on-weight-of-fiber (owf). Similar results were obtained for methacrylamide-grafted-phosphorylated (MAm-g-P) polyester fibers at the 0.77% phosphorus content level. Efficiency of phosphorus in presence of nitrogen that was achieved was at 263% for acrylamide (AM) system, while it was −12% for acrylonitrile (AN-phosphorus combination). This is attributed to P-N synergism in case of the FR polyester system when the nitrogen is in the amido form present in AM and MAm monomers.
39
Delhom, Christopher D., Vikki B. Martin, and Martin K. Schreiner. "COTTON GINNERS HANDBOOK: Textile Industry Needs." Journal of Cotton Science 21, no. 3 (2017): 210–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.56454/zelz3209.
Full textAbstract:
The immediate customers of cotton gins are the producers; however, the ultimate customers are textile mills and consumers. The ginner has the challenging task to satisfy both producers and the textile industry. Classing and grading systems are intended to assign an economic value to the bales that relates to textile mill demands and the quality of the end product. International textile mills currently are the primary consumers of U.S. cotton lint where it must compete against foreign origins. International textile mills manufacture primarily ring-spun yarns, whereas domestic mills manufacture predominantly rotor spun yarns. Producers and ginners must produce cottons to satisfy all segments of the industry, i.e., domestic and international. Many fiber quality attributes are important to the textile industry including those that are included in HVI-based classing, i.e., strength, length, micronaire, trash, and grade. There are other important fiber quality attributes that are not included in HVI-based classing such as short-fiber content, fiber maturity, stickiness, fiber cohesion, and neps. The general steps of textile processing: opening, cleaning, carding, drawing, spinning, and fabric production have not changed in many years. However, manufacturing systems have become highly automated, and production speeds have dramatically increased. Contamination-free cotton has always been important to the textile industry, but recent changes in harvesting systems in conjunction with higher production speeds and global competition from synthetic fibers and other growths of cotton have increased the industry demand for contamination-free cotton. The ginner plays a vital role in preserving and improving the quality of cotton to meet the demands of the textile industry.
40
Naser, Maryam, Mayadah Falah, Fatimah Naser, Mohammed Nasr, Tameem Hashim, and Ali Shubbar. "THE EFFECT OF INDUSTRIAL AND WASTE FIBERS ON CONCRETE STRENGTH AND STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR OF RC SHORT COLUMNS." IIUM Engineering Journal 25, no. 1 (January 1, 2024): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v25i1.2847.
Full textAbstract:
Concrete is a brittle substance; thus, it is reinforced with rebars and fibers to enhance its ductility. On the other hand, the presence of waste from various industries negatively impacts the environment. The ongoing reconstruction in Iraq has resulted in an abundance of locally produced rebar-connecting wire (RCW) and copper electric wire (CEW) waste. To minimize the environmental impact of these wastes, they can be reused in other industries, such as the concrete industry. Few studies have dealt with concrete's structural and mechanical properties containing these local residues. Therefore, this study included an experimental investigation of concrete columns with and without various types of industrial and waste fibers. Two types of industrial fibers (macro hooked-end; CH, and micro straight; CS) steel fibers and two types of waste fibers (RCW and CEW) were utilized. Six reinforced concrete (RC) columns (150 × 150 × 450 mm3) were cast: one control column without fibers and five columns with fibers. The fiber content within the columns was fixed at 0.75% of the concrete volume. The cracks pattern, load-deflection behavior and concrete strain for RC columns were investigated. Moreover, the mechanical properties in terms of compressive, splitting tensile, and flexural strengths tests were also conducted. The results revealed that all types of fibers used improved the mechanical and structural properties of the concrete. Moreover, although the hybrid synthetic fibers gave the best improvement compared to the reference sample, the waste fibers (especially RCW) showed a significant improvement that reached 30.91% in relation to the ultimate load and (10.1, 10.8 and 14.4%) in relation to the compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths respectively. ABSTRAK: Konkrit adalah material rapuh; oleh itu ianya dikuatkan dengan besi dan fiber bagi menguatkan kekuatannya. Dalam masa sama, kehadiran bahan buangan dalam pelbagai industri memberi kesan negatif kepada persekitaran. Penstrukturan semula Iraq yang sedang berlangsung memberi kesan kepada kebanjiran bahan buangan seperti besi penghubung litar (RCW) dan litar elektrik tembaga (CEW) buatan tempatan. Bagi mengurangkan kesan pencemaran terhadap alam sekitar, bahan-bahan ini boleh diguna balik dalam industri berbeza, seperti industri konkrit. Terdapat banyak kajian terhadap buangan tempatan yang melibatkan struktur bahan konkrit dan sifat mekanikal. Oleh itu, kajian ini merupakan kajian eksperimen pasak konkrit dengan atau tanpa pelbagai jenis industri dan fiber buangan. Dua jenis fiber industri iaitu fiber besi (mikro hujung-penyangkut; CH dan mikro lurus; CS) dan dua jenis fiber buangan (RCW dan CEW) dipakai. Enam RC pasak konkrit (150 × 150 × 450 mm3) dihasilkan: satu pasak kawalan tanpa fiber dan lima pasak dengan fiber. Kandungan fiber dalam pasak di tetapkan pada 0.75% isipadu konkrit. Corak rekahan, ciri-ciri kesan beban dan tekanan konkrit pada pasak RC dikaji. Tambahan, kajian terhadap ciri-ciri mekanikal berdasarkan tekanan, rekahan tensil dan kekuatan anjalan telah dijalankan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan kesemua fiber yang digunakan menambah baik ciri-ciri mekanikal dan struktur konkrit. Tambahan lagi, walaupun fiber sintetik hibrid menunjukkan paling baik berbanding sampel contoh, fiber buangan (terutama RCW) menunjukkan pembaharuan ketara mencapai 30.91% berbanding beban maksimum dan masing-masing menunjukkan 10.1, 10.8 dan 14.4% pada tekanan, rekahan tensil dan kekuatan anjalan.
41
Moriam, Kaniz, Daisuke Sawada, Kaarlo Nieminen, Yibo Ma, Marja Rissanen, Nicole Nygren, Chamseddine Guizani, Michael Hummel, and Herbert Sixta. "Spinneret geometry modulates the mechanical properties of man-made cellulose fibers." Cellulose 28, no. 17 (October 7, 2021): 11165–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-021-04220-y.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe production of cellulose-based textile fibers with high toughness is vital for extending the longevity and thus developing a sustainable textile industry by reducing the global burden of microplastics. This study presented strategies to improve fiber toughness by tuning spinneret geometries. Experimental studies were conducted by spinning with different spinneret geometries and measuring the mechanical and structural properties of the spun fibers. In addition, numerical simulation tools were used to better understand the effects of spinneret geometry. The altering parameters of the spinneret geometries were the capillary diameters D, the angle of the entry cone into the spinning capillary, and the ratio of capillary length to diameter L/D. The highest fiber toughness could be achieved at a capillary aspect ratio of 1 to 2. The obtained maximum fiber toughness was 93 MPa with a tensile strength of 60 cN/tex and a concomitant elongation of 16.5%. For these fiber properties, a 13 wt% solution of a high-purity pulp with higher viscosity in [DBNH][OAc] was spun into a 1.3 dtex fiber using a D100 spinneret with a capillary of 1:1 length/diameter and an entrance angle of 8°. It was noticeable that the microvoid orientations decreased almost linearly with increasing toughness of the fibers. The morphologies of the fibers were similar regardless of the spinneret geometries and the raw materials used in the spinning process. In summary, by modulating the spinneret geometries, Ioncell fibers obtained high toughness that have the potential to replace synthetic fibers.
42
Nоrkulоva, N., M. Khasanоva, and M. Mirzakhmedоva. "RESEARCH ОF THE PRОCESS ОF DYING ОF BAMBОО-CОNTAINING MIXED FABRICS." Journal of Science and Innovative Development 4, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36522/2181-9637-2021-3-10.
Full textAbstract:
In order tо sоlve the prоblem оf finishing fabrics made with bambоо fiber, which is an innоvative new material that has entered the textile industry, it is impоrtant tо cоnduct a research оn preparatiоn оf samples оf new assоrtments оf mixed fabrics based оn bambоо fibers as well tо create оptimal conditions fоr chemical finishing prоcesses. This article describes findings from a research into the develоpment оf a technоlоgy fоr chemical finishing оf textile materials based on a mixture оf synthetic and cellulоse-cоntaining fibers. A mоde оf dyeing of fabrics based оn nitrоn and bambоо with catiоnic dyes is being prоpоsed. The study reveals that dyeing of a mixed-, bamboo and nitron fibers based fabric is quite possible using one class of dyes - cationic, which ensures satisfactory coloring of both components. The recipe and technology of dyeing of cationic 43 mix bamboo-Nitron tissues have been developed and proposed, which ensures maximum intensity and durability of dyeing with the best retention of valuable physical and mechanical properties of this fiber blend.
43
Venkatachalam, N., P. Navaneethakrishnan, R. Rajsekar, and S. Shankar. "Effect of Pretreatment Methods on Properties of Natural Fiber Composites: A Review." Polymers and Polymer Composites 24, no. 7 (September 2016): 555–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739111602400715.
Full textAbstract:
India as a tropical agricultural country has great potential to develop and use fiber derived from agricultural waste. Natural fibers are an important by-product of extraction process and they can be used as reinforcement in composite products. Composites are developed with unsaturated polyester resin as the matrix with natural fiber as the reinforcement. The results show decreased strength and modulus with increasing the fiber volume fraction. This indicates ineffective stress transfer between the fiber and matrix due to lower adhesion. It is necessary to bring a hydrophobic nature to the fibers by suitable chemical treatments in order to develop composites with improved mechanical properties. In these review papers, different types of natural fibers are subjected to a variety of physical and chemical treatments. The types of treatments studied in these papers include Physical treatments such as beating and heating, and chemical treatments like alkalization, silane, acetylation and benzoylation. The effects of these treatments on mechanical properties of the composites are analyzed. Fractures are analyzed by using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Analysis by FTIR and DMA showed that physico-chemical changes of surfaces of treated natural fibers. In general, treatments to the fibers can significantly improve adhesion and reduce water absorption, thereby improving mechanical properties of the composites. The purpose of this review paper is to summarize the research work done on various pretreatments in the preparation of natural fiber reinforced composites and to highlight the potential use of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites in industry and its potential to replace the synthetic fiber composite and conventional materials in the future.
44
Ismail, Khairul Izwan, Tze Chuen Yap, and Rehan Ahmed. "3D-Printed Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites by Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM): Fiber Length and Fiber Implementation Techniques." Polymers 14, no. 21 (November 1, 2022): 4659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14214659.
Full textAbstract:
Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) is an actively growing additive manufacturing (AM) technology due to its ability to produce complex shapes in a short time. AM, also known as 3-dimensional printing (3DP), creates the desired shape by adding material, preferably by layering contoured layers on top of each other. The need for low cost, design flexibility and automated manufacturing processes in industry has triggered the development of FDM. However, the mechanical properties of FDM printed parts are still weaker compared to conventionally manufactured products. Numerous studies and research have already been carried out to improve the mechanical properties of FDM printed parts. Reinforce polymer matrix with fiber is one of the possible solutions. Furthermore, reinforcement can enhance the thermal and electrical properties of FDM printed parts. Various types of fibers and manufacturing methods can be adopted to reinforce the polymer matrix for different desired outcomes. This review emphasizes the fiber types and fiber insertion techniques of FDM 3D printed fiber reinforcement polymer composites. A brief overview of fused deposition modelling, polymer sintering and voids formation during FDM printing is provided, followed by the basis of fiber reinforced polymer composites, type of fibers (synthetic fibers vs. natural fibers, continuous vs. discontinuous fiber) and the composites’ performance. In addition, three different manufacturing methods of fiber reinforced thermoplastics based on the timing and location of embedding the fibers, namely ‘embedding before the printing process (M1)’, ‘embedding in the nozzle (M2)’, and ‘embedding on the component (M3)’, are also briefly reviewed. The performance of the composites produced by three different methods were then discussed.
45
Dweik, Hassan. "The Plastic Industry worldwide and in Palestine." Al-Quds Journal for Academic Research 01, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.47874/2021p9.
Full textAbstract:
A world without plastics or synthetic polymers can't be imagined today. The first synthetic plastics was produced in the beginning of the twentieth century, however industrial plastics production started in 1950. Production of plastic materials to day surpasses any other synthetic material with the exception of steel and cement. The share of plastics in municipal solid waste increased from 1% in the 1960 to more than 10% in 2005. Most monomers used today to make plastics such polyethylene (PE) or Polypropylene (PP), or polystyrene (PS) are produced from the petroleum industry and none is biodegradable, they accumulate in the environment and pose great threat and serious concern to humanity and to marine life. In 2010 approximately 8 Million Metric Ton (MT) of plastic waste entered the marine environment. Global production of polymers and fiber increased from 2 (MT) in 1960 to 380(MT) in 2015 a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.4% while the total production of polymers and fibers from 1960 – 2015 was estimated to be around 7800 (MT). China alone produces 28%, and 68% of world production of PP. Biodegradable plastics amount to only 4 (MT). Non fiber plastics production is (PE 36%, PP 21%), Polyvinylchloride PVC (12%) followed by polyethylene terphthalate PET, polyurethane, and polystyrene less than 10% each ,42% of plastics are used in packaging. Palestine show a fast-growing plastic industry though we import plastics worth 255 million US $ as reported in the United Nations International Trade Statistics (COMTRADE) in 2018, compared to US $200 Million imported in 2014. However, we were able to export to the world 66.3 million US $ worth of plastic materials added to that our export to Israel of plastic product worth 86 million US $, mostly packaging materials. Three important countries that export plastic materials to Palestine are Turkey. China and south Korea. Turkey alone in 2018 exported plastics worth 25 million $. The plastic industry in Palestine is among the largest industry. However, we still manufacture the traditional plastics for packaging. Our country needs to develop this industry and diversify the plastic products to meet the needs of the market such as automobile, electrical appliances, refrigerators, and many other industries.
46
Loh, Leong Tatt, Ming Kun Yew, Ming Chian Yew, Jing Han Beh, Foo Wei Lee, Siong Kang Lim, and Kok Zee Kwong. "Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Synthetic Polypropylene Fiber–Reinforced Renewable Oil Palm Shell Lightweight Concrete." Materials 14, no. 9 (April 30, 2021): 2337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092337.
Full textAbstract:
Oil palm shell (OPS) is an agricultural solid waste from the extraction process of palm oil. All these wastes from industry pose serious disposal issues for the environment. This research aims to promote the replacement of conventional coarse aggregates with eco-friendly OPS aggregate which offers several advantages, such as being lightweight, renewable, and domestically available. This paper evaluates the mechanical and thermal performances of renewable OPS lightweight concrete (LWC) reinforced with various type of synthetic polypropylene (SPP) fibers. Monofilament polypropylene (MPS) and barchip polypropylene straight (BPS) were added to concrete at different volume fractions (singly and hybrid) of 0%, 0.1%, 0.3% and 0.4%. All specimens were mixed by using a new mixing method with a time saving of up to 14.3% compared to conventional mixing methods. The effects of SPP fibers on the mechanical properties were investigated by compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and residual strength. The strength of the oil palm shell lightweight concrete hybrid 0.4% (OPSLWC–HYB–0.4%) mixture achieved the highest compressive strength of 29 MPa at 28 days. The inclusion of 0.3% of BPS showed a positive outcome with the lowest thermal conductivity value at 0.55 W/m °C. Therefore, the results revealed that incorporation of BPS fiber enhanced the performance of thermal conductivity tests as compared to inclusion of MPS fiber. Hence, renewable OPS LWC was proven to be a highly recommended environmentally friendly aggregate as an alternative solution to replace natural aggregates used in the concrete industry.
47
Urdanpilleta, Marta, Itsaso Leceta, Pedro Guerrero, and Koro de la Caba. "Sustainable Sheep Wool/Soy Protein Biocomposites for Sound Absorption." Polymers 14, no. 23 (December 1, 2022): 5231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14235231.
Full textAbstract:
The wool fibers of the Latxa sheep breed were combined with a soy protein isolate (SPI) matrix to develop sustainable biocomposites with acoustic properties, adding value to Latxa sheep wool, which is currently considered a residue. Samples with 7, 10, 15, and 20 wt % wool were prepared by freeze drying in order to develop porous structures, as shown by SEM analysis. Additionally, XRD analysis provided the evidence of a change toward a more amorphous structure with the incorporation of wool fibers due to the interactions between the soy protein and keratin present in wool fibers, as shown by the relative intensity changes in the FTIR bands. The biocomposites were analyzed in a Kundt’s tube to obtain their sound absorption coefficient at normal incidence. The results showed an acoustic absorption coefficient that well-surpassed 0.9 for frequencies above 1000 Hz. This performance is comparable to that of the conventional synthetic materials present in the market and, thus, sheep wool/SPI biocomposites are suitable to be used as acoustic absorbers in the building industry, highlighting the potential of replacing not only synthetic fibers but also synthetic polymers, with natural materials to enhance the sustainability of the building sector.
48
Milosevic, Marko, Petr Valášek, and Alessandro Ruggiero. "Tribology of Natural Fibers Composite Materials: An Overview." Lubricants 8, no. 4 (April 4, 2020): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants8040042.
Full textAbstract:
In the framework of green materials, in recent years, natural fiber composites attracted great attention of academia and industry. Their mechanical and tribological characteristics, such as high strength, elasticity, friction, and wear resistance, make them suitable for a wide range of industrial applications in which issues regarding a large amount of disposal are to be considered since their environmental friendliness gives them an advantage over conventional synthetic materials. Based on the recent and relevant investigations found in the scientific literature, an overview focused on the tribological characteristics of composite materials reinforced with different types of natural fibers is presented. The aim is to introduce the reader to the issues, exploring the actual knowledge of the friction and wear characteristics of the composites under the influence of different operating parameters, as well as the chemical treatment of fibers. The main experimental tribological techniques and the main used apparatus are also discussed, with the aim of highlighting the most appropriate future research directions to achieve a complete framework on the tribological behavior of many possible natural fiber composite materials.
49
Shahinur, Sweety, Mahbub Hasan, Qumrul Ahsan, Nayer Sultana, Zakaria Ahmed, and Julfikar Haider. "Effect of Rot-, Fire-, and Water-Retardant Treatments on Jute Fiber and Their Associated Thermoplastic Composites: A Study by FTIR." Polymers 13, no. 15 (August 1, 2021): 2571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13152571.
Full textAbstract:
Natural renewable materials can play a big role in reducing the consumption of synthetic materials for environmental sustainability. Natural fiber-reinforced composites have attracted significant research and commercial importance due to their versatile characteristics and multi-dimensional applications. As the natural materials are easily rotten, flammable, and moisture absorbent, they require additional chemical modification for use in sustainable product development. In the present research, jute fibers were treated with rot-, fire-, and water-retardant chemicals and their corresponding polymer composites were fabricated using a compression molding technique. To identify the effects of the chemical treatments on the jute fiber and their polymeric composites, a Fourier transformed infrared radiation (FTIR) study was conducted and the results were analyzed. The presence of various chemicals in the post-treated fibers and the associated composites were identified through the FTIR analysis. The varying weight percentage of the chemicals used for treating the fibers affected the physio-mechanical properties of the fiber as well as their composites. From the FTIR analysis, it was concluded that crystallinity increased with the chemical concentration of the treatment which could be contributed to the improvement in their mechanical performance. This study provides valuable information for both academia and industry on the effect of various chemical treatments of the jute fiber for improved product development.
50
Singh, Raman, Sandesh Nayak, Sriharsha Hegde, and Padmaraj NH. "INFLUENCE OF FIBER LENGTH AND MOISTURE CONTENT ON SOUND AND VIBRATION CHARACTERISTICS OF HEMP/EPOXY COMPOSITES." Journal of Applied Engineering Science 21, no. 3 (September 19, 2023): 957–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/jaes0-44872.
Full textAbstract:
Bio-composites have become increasingly popular as a substitute for synthetic fibers over the last decade due to their eco-friendly nature. To utilize them effectively in engineering applications, particularly in the automotive industry, a thorough understanding of the material properties is necessary. This experimental investigation focuses on exploring the vibration-damping and acoustic properties of fiber composites made from hemp natural fiber and epoxy resin. The study involved the preparation of composite specimens using both short and long fibers through a hand layup process. The natural frequency and damping ratio of the specimen were computed from time-domain experimental data. The sound absorption coefficient of fiber specimens was determined in the frequency range of 63 Hz to 6300 Hz by using the impedance tube technique. The analysis revealed that the pre-treatment of fiber and the use of long fiber rather than short fiber enhances the damping properties of hemp fiber composites. Immersion of specimens in water resulted in the degradation of damping properties. Acoustic tests clearly showed that the ageing process affected short-treated fiber composites more significantly when compared to long-treated fiber composites.