Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Syria – Agriculture'
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Whitaker, James Long. "The union of Demeter with Zeus : agriculture and politics in modern Syria." Thesis, Durham University, 1996. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1160/.
Full textAlaadrah, Najwa. "L’évolution du système de vulgarisation agricole face aux nouveaux défis de l’agriculture et aux enjeux de l’agroécologie dans les pays du Sud et de l’Est de la Méditerranée : le cas de la Syrie et de la Tunisie." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCG002/document.
Full textThe aim of this dissertation is to analyze the evolution of the agricultural extension system in a Mediterranean context, in terms of organization, types of advice and methods of intervention drawn from a regional analysis of Syrian and Tunisian systems. This evolution responds to profound changes in the agricultural production model, historically based on the principles of the Green Revolution, which is evolving towards agro-ecological models. We situate this work in the movement known as the "agro-ecological transition", which proposes a framework of development associating socio-economic and environmental dimensions. This movement allows us to envision a better integration of agriculture and its stakes in the territorial development project. To design and implement the agro-ecological approach requires a profound change in the management of production systems. To ensure these changes, farmers need new support schemes. The analysis of the evolution of the extension systems is conducted from a theoretical and methodological framework constructed with reference to development theories, notably especially evolutionist, which take into account the general forces that determine local actions, and historicist, which give pace to development trajectories and singular territorial combinations. This framework assumes that the development does not depend on producers willing to adopt exogenous innovations but rather to participate in its elaboration. This participation meets two needs: i) the adaptation of innovation to the particularity of situations as the agroecological transition advocates ii) the decentralization of the management of socio-environmental goods, towards common forms. To deal with these challenges of transforming agricultural systems, we can be expected that the organization of agricultural extension has adapted by the passage of a system driven primarily by a public device, based on a single type of technical advice and on diffusionist methods of mass of extension, to a composite system offering several types of advice and individual or joint intervention methods based on the co-construction of the advice. Our analysis is based on an empirical work adapted to the situation of the two countries under study, circumscribed to the regions of Al Ghâb in Syria and Nabeul in Tunisia. The results are quite similar in both countries where the evolution of the agricultural sector occurs through small changes that rely more on the substitution of practices more economical and more respectful of the environment than previous practices, but these changes have not been accompanied by a significant evolution of the agricultural extension system. The state apparatus still occupies a monopoly position in Al Ghâb, and dominant in Nabeul. The organizational evolution of this system is limited, in both regions, to the deconcentration of services, with a timid privatization on the site of Nabeul. In both regions of study, the state apparatus uses classically collective counseling methods of advice based on the "Training and Visit" model, and is limited to a technical dimension based mainly on the proceeds of the Green Revolution, their contribution to the evolution of agricultural practices towards agroecology is not notable
Sarkis, Fernández Diana. "Trabajar con el corazón. Trabajo, capital y economías morales en la agricultura Siria." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/394090.
Full textThe dissertation examines the reconfiguration of social relations of reproduction, agricultural experiences of work and moral economies in the context of the Syrian Economic Reform [Islah el lqtisadi] of the 2000 decade, from the point of view of class, gender and international division of labor. For this purpose the multisited (Beyt Jodra —Tartous- and Al-Hayat —Idlib) ethnography focused upon 1) the domestic economies of farmers (muzari') and daily-workers; 2) the institutions that regulate work-human relations between both social groups; 3) the moral economies that permeate the experiences of agricultural workers about their economic relations. In addition to the 18 months fieldwork I carried out a systemic approach to the political-economy history of Syria, starting from the nineteenth century, but focusing on the period between 1958 (Agrarian Reform) and 2000 decade (Economic Reform), and taking into account the interlocking between global, national and regional scales. Within a context of crescent (but still controlled) commodification of land and labor, the ethnography pointed up on one hand, the plurality and simultaneity of diverse economic logics and moral frameworks; and on second hand, the prevalence of very personalized labor relations (family, friendship, patronage) and historical rooted moral metaphors (cooperation, intimate solidarity, reciprocity) which structure economic practices and experiences. In my conclusion I argue that 1) these embedded forms of living and practicing economy are the expression of subaltern classes' history of struggle over reproduction which has been reenacted by the political project of Arab Socialism 2) in some cases, the increasing domination of capital over social reproduction undermine these embedded economic institutions and moral frameworks; 3) in other cases, people situated in different power positions appropriate and redefine these economic practices and meanings in terms that are functional for capital accumulation. Regarding a wider theoretical level, I discuss among others the anthropological notions of embedment, articulation, subsumption and diverse economies. I finally argue that the concept of hegemony (which articulates a form of representing and valuing the world with a specific political project in terms of power and control over resources) could capture intimate experiences of the economy where the distinction between moral and political-economic dimensions lacks sense.
Rivoal, Marion. "La vie rurale en Syrie centrale à la période protobyzantine (IVe-VIIe siècle)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO20011.
Full textIn Late Antiquity, especially between the 5th and 6th centuries, Central Syria witnessed a strong expansion of sedentary settlements eastward, which coincided with a significant agricultural development of these new territories. As for other areas in Syria and Near-East at the same period, a waning climatic optimum seems to have allowed byzantine population to settle down in marginal areas which barely experienced hitherto sedentary occupation and farm nearly unbroken lands.Central Syria is made up of various landscapes, sometimes deeply nested, with contrasted agricultural potential. Settlements and agricultural exploitation are affected by an increasingly significant climatic and edaphic aridity eastward and southward. These conditions, which may locally improve thanks to ecological niches, enabled specific and often complementary substance strategies to develop.In a country whence cities are virtually absent, villages and a few market towns seem to be at the very root of the regional economy. Along with agglomerations, scattered habitats – namely farmsteads and monasteries –, more numerous under heavy bioclimatic constraints, would appear as independent and apparently prosperous economic players.Homogeneous geographic areas led to specific settlement patterns and different economic orientations. Food-producing agriculture remains the rule, but a local productive specialization may be noticed: mainly wheat production and incidentally plantations westward, olive-growing and maybe wine-growing as well in the north-west basaltic plateaus and presumably speculative livestock exploitation eastward and southward, probably mostly due to sedentary populations
Schriwer, Charlotte. ""From water every living thing" : water mills, irrigation and agriculture in the Bilād al-Shām : perspectives on history, architecture, landscape and society, 1100-1850 AD." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/7080.
Full textHamze, Imad Abdul-Rahman. "Agricultural trade potential following peace in the Middle East : the case of Syria and Israel." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29782.
Full textThe history of trade in the region, from the Roman Empire to the present time is described and analyzed with an emphasis on Israel and Syria. This is followed by an examination of relative resource endowments, and political, economic, and social development, with special attention to the agricultural and food sectors.
Border trade analysis is used as a method for identifying commodities that are candidates for trade between Israel and Syria. In general, the method presumes that commodities that are sensitive to distance will be candidates for trade between neighboring countries. This sensitivity is assessed by an examination of border trade in a commodity compared to total trade in the same commodity, using data from a sample of countries. Commodities that tend to be traded between neighbors compared to between distant partners are assumed to have potential for trade between Israel and Syria.
The results of the analysis yielded 10 agricultural commodities (SITC three digit level) that are likely to be traded between Israel and Syria. Moreover, the possible direction of trade in these commodities could also be identified.
Mazid, Ahmed M. Mounir. "Factors influencing adoption of new agricultural technology in dry areas of Syria." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260518.
Full textNaji, Riad A. "Congruity between theory, policy, and practice in the provision of extension services for resource poor farmers by the extension system in Syria." Thesis, University of Reading, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.276182.
Full textCheikh, Younes Ahmad. "Vers un nouveau droit des baux ruraux en Syrie : approche comparée Syrie/France." Thesis, Nantes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NANT3001/document.
Full textIn Syria, more than half of the agricultural land is farming by a multitude of small tenants. The land belongs to a few large landowners and big farmers who benefit from very liberal legislation on agricultural tenancies. The result is a precarious and unbalanced contractual relationship between owners and tenants. The aim of this thesis is to see how to change the Syrian Law on agricultural tenancies in order to propose a balanced and stable regime allowing the development of a more productive agriculture and the improvement of the living conditions of the rural families. To this end, we will conduct a critical analysis of Syrian Law on agricultural tenancies, then look for the possible contributions of French Law by checking the opportunity to implement them in Syria
Razzouk, Talal Ahmad. "A study of the adoption of innovations by Syrian farmers." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1990. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14274/.
Full textHamze, Imad Abdul-Rahman. "Agricultural trade potential following peace in the Middle East, the case of Syria and Israel." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0018/MQ55064.pdf.
Full textKerbe, Jehad. "Climat, hydrologie et aménagements hydro-agricoles de Syrie /." Lille : Talence : Atelier national de reproduction des thèses ; Diffusion Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376676886.
Full textKlesly, Ghias. "L' histoire de l'agriculture et de l'économie végétale au Levant du nord : approche carpiologique, études comparatives de trois sites du moyen Euphrate : Jerf al-Ahmar (PPNA Mureybitien), Dja'dé (PPNB ancien) et Tell Shioukh Faouqâni (bronze, fer, romain et islamique)." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010568.
Full textBoissière, Thierry. "Le jardinier et le citadin : ethnologie d'un espace agricole urbain dans la vallée de l'Oronte en Syrie /." Damas : Institut français du Proche-Orient, Direction scientifique des études médiévales, modernes et arabes, 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb401475298.
Full textAssadi, Mohamed. "La mise en valeur d'une région périphérique au nord-est de la Syrie : la Djezireh (étude géographique et problèmes d'aménagement)." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040245.
Full textPichon, Fiona. "Traditions culturelles dans les premières communautés villageoises du Levant Nord : l’analyse fonctionnelle de l’outillage en silex de Dja’de el-Mughara (Syrie, PPNB ancien, 9ème millénaire)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040176.
Full textStarting from 12000 BC. deep social, economic, technical and cultural mutations took place that will lead to the emergence of sedentary societies in which the food economy will rely on agriculture and farming. This process –known as Neolithisation – can be observed in Northern Levant, particularly in the village of Dja’de that has been occupied during one millennium by hunters-gatherers who will eventually become farmers. Although the chipped stone industry of the early PPNB (9e millennium) has already been the object of technological and typological studies, no use-wear analysis has yet been done. In the context where relationship between humans and their environment changed, the study of the function of stone tools is primordial to understand the nature of these changes. During this process, it appears that the management of the tools becomes more complex: the use of the tools intensifies, the degree of sharpening increases, the recycling is more frequent, and the storage modalities evolve. This analysis of flint tools from Dja’de combined a functional approach with other aspects usually studied (technology and typology). For this period of the aceramic Neolithic that is still not well documented, the analysis of the traces of use, backed up by experimentation, has brought us new insights about the village activities, the techniques used by its inhabitants and the management of the lithic production, providing us a better understanding of the way of life and the organisation of pre-agricultural societies in Northern Levant
Fadel, Tamman. "La construction d'une métropole dominante - Le problème de l'étalement urbain dans la région Damascène (Syrie)." Thesis, Pau, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PAUU1017/document.
Full textNowdays, Urban sprawl is gaining larger attentions by institutions and researchers who are seeking to analyze its effects and the corresponding contributing factors. This PhD thesis focuses on the urban sprawl phenomenon in the region of Damascus (Syria) that is accelerating with time, and threatening the agricultural spaces of Ghouta (the oasis of Damascus). Taking into account the fact of Damascus being the capital of Syria, a very centralized country, we show in this work how the Ghouta agricultural spaces (that are of great importance as declared by the state) are threatened by this urban sprawl. Based on several studies and on data collected from Syrian local institutions, we show that the Damascus region, like the other national metropolis, is subject to the urban spreading general conditions. Finally, this phenomenon can be also mainly explained by other factors termed "specific Damascenes". Therefore, rather considering a simple approach based only on two factors (demographic and economic), the peculiarity of this PhD lies in considering some additional important factors into consideration when analyzing the urban sprawl phenomenon. Those important factors are those related to the political, administrative and sociocultural context (confessional)
Younis, Mahmoud. "Le barrage de Tabqa sur l'Euphrate au nord de la Syrie : étude d'impact et propositions d'aménagement." Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010560.
Full textThe Tabqa dam on the Euphrates, the principal agricultural development project in syria, covers an area of 640 square kilometres and contains an estimated volume of 14,000 million cubic metres of water. Constructed in 1973, this dam was intended to irrigate 640,000 hectares of land and to produce an average of 2,000 million kwh of electricity a year. Our research concentrates on three main lines : (1) a geophysical study of the Euphrates basin (hydrology, climatology, geology, pedology, etc. ) and the consequences of the natural characteristics of the area on the progress of soil-improvement work. We also discuss the international dispute on the sharing of the water of the Euphrates basin between turkey, syria and irak. (2) The study of irrigation projects carried out to date, their economic performances, the problems encountered in agricultural production and in improving new areas of agricultural land. - We will determine the character of agricultural development in the region - whether brought under control or not - as well as the shortcomings in planning, financing, management, technological competence and infrastructure
Haj, Najib Bassel. "Gestion optimale de l'utilisation de l'eau douce et salée pour l'irrigation du coton dans le bassin de l'Euphrate en zone semi-aride." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50376-2007-147.pdf.
Full textDouché, Carolyne. "Émergence et développement des sociétés agricoles au Néolithique acéramique (Xe-VIIIe millénaires av. n. ère) : étude archéobotanique de Dja'de El-Mughara et Tell Aswad, Syrie." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H013.
Full textIn southwest Asia, the Aceramic Neolithic (12200-8400 cal BP) coincides with a period of social changes characterized by a new sedentary way of life and new subsistence strategies. Plant cultivation and animal husbandry developed together during this period to form a mixed agricultural economy. Evidence for plant husbandry was the irst to manifest itself as seen by the development of arable weeds and the loss of the dispersal mechanism in wheat and barley. This research seeks to better understand this crucial period in human history by examining the charred plant remains recovered from two key sites for this period. Dja’de el-mughara (10700-10200 cal BP) situated in the Euphrates valley in northern Syria and Tell Aswad (9800-8400 cal BP) situated in the Damascus basin in southern Syria. Both sites had already been the subject of archaeobotanical studies. The present study includes a much larger and more representative number of samples thanks to additional excavation and more complete archaeological data not least the dating. These new results presented here allows us to reassess earlier interpretations, better compare the development of agricultural practices in the northern and southern Levant and better understand crop processing and crop management on a local level through spatial analyses and an assessment of potential arable weeds
Al-Fares, Wafi [Verfasser], Christiane [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmullius, and Sören [Akademischer Betreuer] Hese. "Historical land use, land cover classification and its change detection mapping using Different Remotely Sensed Data from LANDSAT (MSS, TM and ETM+) and Terra (ASTER) sensors : a case study of the Euphrates River Basin in Syria with focus on agricultural irrigation projects / Wafi Al-Fares. Gutachter: Christiane Schmullius ; Sören Hese." Jena : Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1028857896/34.
Full textSánchez, Cruz (Sánchez Ruiz). "Vallée du Khabour. Quartiers d'habitation et premiers moments de l'urbanisme en Mésopotamie du Nord." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/80904.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to the study the domestic architecture of the sites located in the Khabur Valley (Syria), during the period between the Neolithic and the second millennium b.C. According to the information found in the archaeological reports of the sites, we can observe a systematic use of the mud brick in the architecture of the domestic constructions, as well as a great homogeneity in the shape, dimensions and spatial distribution of the houses, during the whole period considered. We find mostly small rectangular constructions, with three or four rooms, plus a central room used to organize the internal circulation. The entrance to the houses is narrow, and inside we find ovens, fireplaces and associated structures, which indicates a double use of the interior space, as a house and a work place. The analysis of the data suggests an architectonic uniformity during this period when the origin of the sedentarization and urbanism took place.
Franks, Tom R. "Modernizing Irrigated Agriculture: Capacity-building and Institutional Development." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4183.
Full textThe context for irrigation modernization in Syria reflects global drivers for change in irrigated agriculture. Two drivers are identified as being of particular importance, increasing stress on water resources, and the trend towards irrigation management transfer to the farmer level. Within these broad categories a number of specific challenges are likely to be of importance in the modernization process in Syria. Capacity-building to meet these challenges is required at three levels, policy, institutions and the individual. This paper focuses on institutional development, as being the most difficult level at which to undertake effective capacity-building. It discusses the institutional framework for irrigation management and goes on to describe current approaches, based round the concept of design principles. Constraints and limitations of the design principles approach are discussed. The paper concludes by proposing an agenda for preliminary action on capacity-building for irrigation modernization. This agenda comprises an institutional mapping exercise, an assessment of the roles and responsibilities of water sector entities, and the development of a strategy for supporting farmer-level institutions. Integration with other capacity-building initiatives (policy reform, human resource development) is necessary if it is to make an effective contribution to the overall modernization programme.
Almadani, Mohamad Isam Nabil. "Risk attitude, risk perceptions and risk management strategies: an empirical analysis of Syrian wheat-cotton and pistachio farmers." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0022-5F48-7.
Full textAbbas, Basel. "The effect of european partnership on the agricultural policy of Syria." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-176919.
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