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Journal articles on the topic 'System collapse'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 24 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Ertürk Atmaca, Esin, Ahmet Can Altunişik, Murat Günaydin, and Barbaros Atmaca. "Collapse of an RC Building Under Construction with a Flat Slab System: Reasons, Calculations, and FE Simulations." Buildings 15, no. 1 (2024): 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15010020.

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The using of flat slab systems is a common structural solution for residential and commercial buildings as they are a cost-effective structural solution that simplifies and speeds up the construction phase. However, the flat slab systems have complex behavior, particularly in the slab–column connection zones, because of punching shear. Therefore, to prevent brittle flat slab collapse because of punching shear, there are some conditions which must be met in regulations such as Eurocode 2, American Concrete Institute’s Code, and Türkiye Building Earthquake Code—2018. Flat slab collapses because

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2

Mehrabi, Zia. "Food system collapse." Nature Climate Change 10, no. 1 (2019): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-019-0643-1.

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3

Zhang, Zhuo Qun, You Xin Lin, and Hong Nan Li. "Wind-Induced Progressive Collapsed Performance of Cup-Type Transmission Tower-Line System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 2392–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.2392.

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The Cup-type transmission tower-line system was a classic representative of high voltage electric power carrier, which was an important lifeline project. However, it frequently collapsed under different environmental loadings, especially strong wind. In this work, four tower five line finite element models simulated wind-induced progressive collapse process by birth-to-death element technique in ABAQUS/Explicit. The numerical simulation results demonstrated that this application could describe the structural collapse performance clearly and effectively and transmission tower-line system collap

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4

Lei, B., W. Ding, X. Huang, and Q. Zhang. "Analysis of tunnel collapse disasters during operation and exploration of disaster damage mechanisms." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1333, no. 1 (2024): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1333/1/012049.

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Abstract Highway tunnel collapse during the operation period is a serious threat to the stability of tunnel operation. Thus, it is important to investigate the disaster-causing mechanism to prevent the occurrence of disasters. In this paper, based on 155 cases of domestic and foreign highway tunnel collapses during operation, we statistically analyze the causes of the collapses and the year of occurrence, and we explore the disaster-causing mechanism of tunnel collapses through numerical simulation. Tunnel collapses in operation period are affected by geological factors, lining factors, and ac

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5

Moede, John D. "Medical Aspects of Urban Heavy Rescue." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 6, no. 3 (1991): 341–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00038784.

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The concept of Urban Heavy Rescue is gaining increasing recognition within the emergency response community. Urban Heavy Rescue has come to denote the unique demands for special equipment and personnel as the result of structural collapse. Recent earthquakes in California, the Philippines, and Soviet Armenia as well as the building collapses in Brownsville, Texas, and New York City provided excellent demonstrations of the concept of specialized structural collapse teams. These events even have prompted the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) to establish a National Urban Search and Resc

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Hasegawa, Kazuhiro, Ko Kitahara, Toshiaki Hara, Ko Takano, Haruka Shimoda, and Takao Homma. "Evaluation of lumbar segmental instability in degenerative diseases by using a new intraoperative measurement system." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 8, no. 3 (2008): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/spi/2008/8/3/255.

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Object In vivo quantitative measurement of lumbar segmental stability has not been established. The authors developed a new measurement system to determine intraoperative lumbar stability. The objective of this study was to clarify the biomechanical properties of degenerative lumbar segments by using the new method. Methods Twenty-two patients with a degenerative symptomatic segment were studied and their measurements compared with those obtained in normal or asymptomatic degenerative segments (Normal group). The measurement system produces cyclic flexion–extension through spinous process hold

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Tao, Zhigang, Tongxing Zhang, Daoyong Zhu, Weili Gong, and Manchao He. "Physical Modeling Test on Deformation and Failure of Rock Slope with New Support System." Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (June 29, 2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8825220.

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In order to explore the monitoring and control method of rock slope, indoor physical model testing of collapse control and monitoring were carried out with the example of a rock slope collapse area project in Jietai Temple in Beijing, China, as the prototype. Based on the similarity theory, in this study, a new structural support with Negative Poisson’s Ratio bolt and flexible anchored net was utilized to reinforce the rock slope. Following a graded loading sequence, the collapse failure characteristics and the overall control effect of energy absorption reinforcement measures were explored. T

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8

Luo, Jing, Weilin Xu, Jun Deng, Yanwei Zhai, and Qi Zhang. "Experimental Study on the Impact Characteristics of Cavitation Bubble Collapse on a Wall." Water 10, no. 9 (2018): 1262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10091262.

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As a hydrodynamic phenomenon, cavitation is a main concern in many industries such as water conservancy, the chemical industry and medical care. There are many studies on the generation, development and collapse of cavitation bubbles, but there are few studies on the variation of the cyclic impact strength on walls from the collapse of cavitation bubbles. In this paper, a high-speed dynamic acquisition and analysis system and a pressure measuring system are combined to study the impact of a cavitation bubble generated near a wall for various distances between the cavitation bubble and the wall

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9

Yang, Xiaoning, Brian W. Stump, and W. Scott Phillips. "Source mechanism of an explosively induced mine collapse." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 88, no. 3 (1998): 843–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0880030843.

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Abstract Mining explosions and collapses, in addition to earthquakes, may trigger the future Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) monitoring system. Many shallow, spontaneously occurring mine collapses have implosional source mechanisms that might provide a physical basis to discriminate them from explosions. In this study, an explosively induced mine collapse was investigated. The collapse occurred immediately after the support pillars of a 320-m-deep underground mine opening were destroyed by explosives. It had an Lg body-wave magnitude (mbLg) of 2.8. We analyzed free-surface ground-motion d

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J.U., Okoye S.T. Apeha E. Olaye &. S.O. Osuji. "Towards Automation of Building Integrity Tracking: Review of Building Collapse in Nigeria." NIPES Journal of Science and Technology Research 5, no. 1 (2023): 179–94. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7731865.

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<em>This study presents current efforts aimed at providing an updated record as it regards the impact of collapsed of building structures in Nigeria. Many of these building collapse incidences that have occurred between 1973 and 2022 were not properly analysed based on some certain factors such as the frequencies of occurrences and the number of causalities involved per decade, height of the structure that are normally affected, and the particular location(s) that this building collapse due frequently occurred. Therefore, this necessitated the need to carry out this comprehensive study to inve

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Tian, Li, Xin Zhang, and Xing Fu. "Fragility analysis of a long-span transmission tower–line system under wind loads." Advances in Structural Engineering 23, no. 10 (2020): 2110–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433220903983.

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Numerous transmission towers have collapsed due to experiencing strong winds; therefore, the purpose of this article is to investigate the collapse mechanism and the anti-collapse performance of a long-span transmission tower–line system. The detailed finite element model of a typical tower–line system is established in ABAQUS. A global damage index is proposed to quantitatively estimate the overall damage of the structure and define the collapse criteria. An incremental dynamic analysis is performed to obtain the collapse mechanism and the ultimate capacity of the structure. Subsequently, a f

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12

Wang, Duo Zhi, Jun Wu Dai, and Chen Xiao Zhang. "Seismic Damage Analysis for Multi-Story Masonry Building with R. C. Frames on Ground Floor." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 2555–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.2555.

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Multi-story Masonry Building with R. C. Frames on Ground Floor (Framed-Ground Floor Structure for short) which has serious seismic damage and high collapsed rate, is the unreasonable structure system. However, the structure system not be abolished for economic reason. Collapse types of that are divided into collapse of ground floor, collapse of transition layer, global collapse. And seismic damage is also serious for frame column and shear wall. Experiences are obtained from above seismic damage, and the following aspects should be taken into account in the future. 1. The shear wall can be inc

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Lee, Seulgi, Sungsu Lee, and Gi Cheon Son. "Analysis of Current Status and Improvement Plans of the Early Warning System for Agricultural Reservoirs." Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis 19, no. 10 (2023): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14251/crisisonomy.2023.19.10.39.

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Of the 17,160 agricultural reservoirs nationwide, 96% are aged more than 30 years after construction. Aging reservoirs are at risk of deterioration and potential collapse. The torrential rains between July and August 2020 caused 26 collapse and loss filure across the country. Preemptive and comprehensive response plan is needed to prevent damage to life and property caused by such a reservoir collapse, and this study analyzes the early warning system of agricultural reservoirs as part of a preemptive and comprehensive countermeasure plan to diagnose the current situation and come up with impro

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Galvis, Francisco A., Eduardo Miranda, Pablo Heresi, Héctor Dávalos, and Jorge Ruiz-García. "Overview of collapsed buildings in Mexico City after the 19 September 2017 (Mw7.1) earthquake." Earthquake Spectra 36, no. 2_suppl (2020): 83–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8755293020936694.

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An intraslab normal-faulting earthquake struck the central region of Mexico on 19 September 2017, leading to the collapse of 44 buildings in Mexico City. After the earthquake, the authors collected information in situ and through social media about the collapsed buildings, which was statistically processed to identify the causes of their collapse. This article presents the main collapse statistics, which revealed that 64% of the collapsed buildings had between 1 and 5 stories, 61% had a seismic-force-resisting system based on reinforced concrete columns with flat slabs, 57% experienced a soft-

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15

Liu, Yan Ning, and Jun Fu Lu. "The Solution on Problem of Soft Soil Layer’s Collapse in Xin Kailing Tunnel and Evaluations on its Effect." Applied Mechanics and Materials 90-93 (September 2011): 2401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.90-93.2401.

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This paper presents the solution on the soft soil layer’s collapse of Xin Kailing Tunnel in China based on the analysis on its causes. The effect of the solution is evaluated by site survey and finite element analysis. The results show that the geological factor mainly leads to collapse; the crucial factor of preventing the collapse from happening is to give a better description of the tunnel face, to analyze and predict conditions of wall rocks which are in front of the tunnel face in time and to evaluate precisely whether the wall rocks and supporting system are strong enough or not; effecti

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Tsai, Ming Kuan, and Nie Jia Yau. "Enhancing Collapse Detection and Alarms in Bridge Management." Applied Mechanics and Materials 479-480 (December 2013): 1180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.479-480.1180.

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Taiwan has more than 28,000 bridges. In the past decades, because of scour problems, some bridges collapsed. Such accidents have caused severe economic losses and killed many people. Although Taiwanese government agencies have mitigated the relationship between natural hazards and bridge collapse, the lack of mechanisms for bridge collapse detection and on-site emergency alarms still exists at bridge sites. Therefore, this study proposes a bridge safety monitoring information system. With mixed collapse detectors, this information system could identify the status of various bridge elements in

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Makoond, Nirvan, Andri Setiawan, Manuel Buitrago, and Jose M. Adam. "Arresting failure propagation in buildings through collapse isolation." Nature 629, no. 8012 (2024): 592–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07268-5.

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AbstractSeveral catastrophic building collapses1–5 occur because of the propagation of local-initial failures6,7. Current design methods attempt to completely prevent collapse after initial failures by improving connectivity between building components. These measures ensure that the loads supported by the failed components are redistributed to the rest of the structural system8,9. However, increased connectivity can contribute to collapsing elements pulling down parts of a building that would otherwise be unaffected10. This risk is particularly important when large initial failures occur, as

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Yang, Wei, Zhongyan Wang, Baosheng An, et al. "Early warning system for ice collapses and river blockages in the Sedongpu Valley, southeastern Tibetan Plateau." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 23, no. 9 (2023): 3015–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-23-3015-2023.

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Abstract. The Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings have recently experienced several catastrophic glacier-related disasters. It is of great scientific and practical significance to establish ground-based early warning systems (EWSs) to understand the processes and mechanisms of glacial disasters and warn against potential threats to downstream settlements and infrastructure. However, there are few sophisticated EWSs on the Tibetan Plateau. With the support of the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (STPSER), an EWS was developed and implemented in the Sedongpu Val

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DAY, S. J., J. C. CARRACEDO, and H. GUILLOU. "Age and geometry of an aborted rift flank collapse: the San Andres fault system, El Hierro, Canary Islands." Geological Magazine 134, no. 4 (1997): 523–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756897007243.

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The catastrophic slope failures and landslides that occur in the final stages of lateral collapses of volcanoes destroy much of the evidence for precursory deformation and the early stages of the collapses concerned. Aborted or incomplete collapse structures, although rare, are rich sources of information on these stages of development of catastrophic collapses. The San Andres fault system, on the volcanic island of El Hierro, is a relatively young (between about 545 and about 261–176 ka old) but inactive lateral collapse structure. It appears to represent an aborted giant landslide. It is dev

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20

Houston, Sandra L., Hisham H. H. Mahmoud, and William N. Houston. "Down-Hole Collapse Test System." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 121, no. 4 (1995): 341–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1995)121:4(341).

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21

Zhang, Wei. "Research Status on the Collapse Mechanism and Prevention Measures of Mega Composite Structural Systems." MATEC Web of Conferences 175 (2018): 04008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817504008.

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Mega composite structural system presents wide application prospects in high-rise and super high-rise buildings. However, research concerning the important issues of the seismic behavior, collapse mechanism, and prevention from progressive collapse for such new structural systems under severe earthquakes is quite limited. This paper will summarize the current research status, followed by the discussions on the collapse and prevention mechanisms of high-rise and super high-rise mega composite structural systems under severe earthquakes, the theoretical basis on progressive collapse mechanisms,

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22

Wang, Yi Xuan, and Lei Huang. "Research on Numerical Model for Earthquake Induced Progressive Collapse of High-Rise Buildings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 716-717 (December 2014): 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.716-717.223.

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Progressive collapse is defined as the collapse of the whole building due to local weak stories or weak zones. In this paper, collapse should theoretically be avoided for any building under any earthquake, it is necessary to study the collapse behavior of buildings to acquire a better understanding of the collapse mechanism and to find efficient methods to prevent it. The collapse process highly depends on the feature of the whole structural system, so numerical simulation becomes a major method to study it. Based on the finite element method, by selecting the appropriate cell death and cell c

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Liu, Jan, Maximilian Heumann, Kent W. Stewart, and Peter P. Pott. "Development of a Venous Collapse Prevention Device for Blood Draw." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 8, no. 2 (2022): 213–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2022-1055.

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Abstract Blood sampling typically involves puncturing a superficial vein with a needle and then creating a vacuum (e. g., with a syringe) to transfer the blood from the venous system to the collection container. In some cases, the venous walls collapse due to excessive vacuum generated. In this work, a device is presented that prevents venous collapse and can be combined with any blood collection system available on the market. The mechanism of preventing venous collapse is based on a tubular segment interconnected between the needle and the syringe, which collapses at a lower vacuum pressure

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B. Alsammak, Ahmed Nasser. "Direct Detection of Voltage Collapse in Electrical Power System." Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 18, no. 1 (2011): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.18.1.03.

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Voltage stability is indeed a dynamic problem. Dynamic analysis is important forbetter understanding of voltage instability process. In this work an analysis for voltagestability from bifurcation and voltage collapse point of view based on a centermanifold voltage collapse model. A static and dynamic load models were used toexplain voltage collapse. The basic equations of simple power system and load areused to demonstrate voltage collapse dynamics and bifurcation theory. Theseequations are also developed in a manner, which is suitable for the Matlab-Simulinkapplication. Detection of voltage c

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Chavhan, Prof M. P., Bhagyashree G. Gaydhane, Neha R. Gore, Pranita Rathod, Fatim Shaikh, and Mohhamad Soban. "A Research Paper on Study of Hydraulic Bridge." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 10 (2023): 1936–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.56250.

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Abstract: Hydraulically assisted bridge a new concept in bridge design which incorporates an in integrated hydraulic system into the bridge in order to carry more weight. The system is most suitable for arch based bridge in which the main forces are directed in a horizontal sideways direction. Predication of the risk to build in infrastructure posed by climate and land use change have suggested that bridge. collapses may increase due to more frequent or intence flooding. Assessment of the united state often assume that bridges may Collapse when the 100year flood occurs but this Assumption has

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Yongyan, YU, MA Dong, and Fu Chongtao. "Study on early-warning System of Karst Tunnel Collapse." E3S Web of Conferences 198 (2020): 02021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019802021.

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During the construction of karst Tunnel, tunnel collapse often occurs. The establishment of early-warning system of tunnel collapse can effectively ensure the construction safety, but the research is insufficient. Based on the combination of theoretical analysis and engineering practice, this paper puts forward to early-warning system for karst tunnel collapse. (1) The evaluation index system of karst tunnel collapse is composed of anchor axial force, displacement, anchor pull-out force and steel arch stress. (2) The relationship between evaluation index and warning level is determined, and th

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Temelli, Uğur Emre, Cüneyt Öngören, and Baris Sayin. "Damage assessment of a cement plant partially collapsed depending on various causes." Journal of Structural Engineering & Applied Mechanics 5, no. 2 (2022): 62–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31462/jseam.2022.02062076.

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This study aims at examining the possible causes of the brittle collapse of a tertiary air duct system under vertical loads. Problems related to the design and construction stages were examined. The entire process was illustrated using a tertiary air duct case study in a cement plant. In the plant, the tertiary air duct collapsed without any earthquake, blast, or impact effects. The current study includes a field study, examination of an original/revised design project, and numerical simulation. In the first stage of the study, the existing state of the collapsed system and its compliance with

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Yin, Zhaoqin, Zemin Huang, Chengxu Tu, Xiaoyan Gao, and Fubing Bao. "Dynamic Characteristics of Bubble Collapse Near the Liquid-Liquid Interface." Water 12, no. 10 (2020): 2794. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12102794.

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Bubble collapse near the liquid-liquid interface was experimentally studied in this paper, and the dynamic evolution of a laser-induced bubble (generation, expansion, and collapse) and the liquid-liquid interface (dent and rebound) were captured by a high-speed shadowgraph system. The effect of the dimensionless distance between the bubble and the interface on the direction of the liquid jet, the direction of bubble migration, and the dynamics of bubble collapse were discussed. The results show that: (1) The jet generated during bubble collapse always directs toward the denser fluid; (2) bubbl

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Mercier, James, Eligio Alvarez, Juan Marfil, Mark Bloschock, and Ronald Medlock. "Bridge Collapse Detection System in Texas." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 11s (January 2005): 403–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/trr.11s.354m173605169462.

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Hetland, Gabriel. "From System Collapse to Chavista Hegemony." Latin American Perspectives 44, no. 1 (2016): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094582x16666018.

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During the 14 years Hugo Chávez was in office, Venezuela’s party system experienced a 180-degree shift. When Chávez was elected in 1998, Venezuela’s party system had collapsed because of a two-decade-long economic-cum-political crisis. His initial appeal was built, in large part, on his antiparty message, a stance that continued through the first half of his time in office. A series of factors, principally the need for a more cohesive organization to combat an intransigent opposition, led to the creation of the Partido Socialista Unido de Venezuela (United Socialist Party of Venezuela—PSUV) in

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Pichugin, Sergiy, and Lina Klochko. "Structural system collapse risk limitation strategy." Academic journal Industrial Machine Building Civil Engineering 1, no. 54 (2020): 19–25. https://doi.org/10.26906/znp.2020.54.2265.

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This article presents a general strategy for limiting the structural system risk collapse a using the real construction object example. In the course of the work, an analysis of possible accident scenarios at a construction site was carried out. A statistical data analysis is presented to create the most systematic method for the possible accident scenario in construction. The article presents the calculations results of the building frame spatial model for progressive structure destruction to determine the accident possibility. When changing the monolithic floor geometry and removing the colu

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Day, Robert W. "Discussion: Down-Hole Collapse Test System." Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 122, no. 10 (1996): 869–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1996)122:10(869).

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Izbekov, Pavel, Evgenii Gordeev, John Eichelberger, and Michael West. "Magma system response to edifice collapse." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 263 (August 2013): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2013.09.001.

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Basu, Shantanu, Xiyuan Li, and Gianfranco Bino. "Hourglass Magnetic Field of a Protostellar System." Universe 10, no. 5 (2024): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe10050218.

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An hourglass-shaped magnetic field pattern arises naturally from the gravitational collapse of a star-forming gas cloud. Most studies have focused on the prestellar collapse phase, when the structure has a smooth and monotonic radial profile. However, most observations target dense clouds that already contain a central protostar, and possibly a circumstellar disk. We utilize an analytic treatment of the magnetic field along with insights gained from simulations to develop a more realistic magnetic field model for the protostellar phase. Key elements of the model are a strong radial magnetic fi

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Kim, Nari, Calvin C. H. Cheng, and M. Cynthia Goh. "Universal aqueous synthesis of ultra-small polymer-templated nanoparticles: synthesis optimization methodology for counterion-collapsed poly(acrylic acid)." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 96, no. 1 (2018): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2017-0444.

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A long polyelectrolyte chain collapses into a nano-sized particle upon the addition of counterions under appropriate solution conditions. This phenomenon forms the basis for a simple universal method for aqueous synthesis of ultra-small (<10 nm) metal, metal oxide, and other types of nanoparticles in the following manner: the counterion-collapsed polyelectrolyte chains are made stable by crosslinking, effectively trapping the counterions, which are subsequently chemically modified, to form metal nanoparticles via reduction or metal oxides nanoparticles via oxidation, within the collapsed po

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Ogloblina, Daria, Steffen J. Schmidt, and Nikolaus A. Adams. "Simulation and analysis of collapsing vapor-bubble clusters with special emphasis on potentially erosive impact loads at walls." EPJ Web of Conferences 180 (2018): 02079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818002079.

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Cavitation is a process where a liquid evaporates due to a pressure drop and re-condenses violently. Noise, material erosion and altered system dynamics characterize for such a process for which shock waves, rarefaction waves and vapor generation are typical phenomena. The current paper presents novel results for collapsing vapour-bubble clusters in a liquid environment close to a wall obtained by computational fluid mechanics (CFD) simulations. The driving pressure initially is 10 MPa in the liquid. Computations are carried out by using a fully compressible single-fluid flow model in combinat

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CHUKWUDI UZODIMMA NWAFOR and CHRISTIAN ONU. "Electrical energy reform and its impact on power system collapse in Nigeria." International Journal of Frontiers in Engineering and Technology Research 3, no. 1 (2022): 001–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.53294/ijfetr.2022.3.1.0045.

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Power system collapse has adversely affected the economic and social wellbeing of Nigerians. This paper review electricity energy reform and its impact on system collapse in Nigeria. The data on incidences of total and partial collapse in Nigeria from the year 2000 to 2020 was transformed using natural log and then modeled using ARIMA model. The model was then used to predict both total and partial collapse trend in Nigeria power system from 2022 to 2030. The trend forecast shows that the total collapse will decrease from 1.3 to 0.75 in 2030 and partial collapse will decrease from 1.4 to 0 in

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Andreini, Marco, Anna de Falco, Linda Giresini, and Mauro Sassu. "Collapse of the Historic City Walls of Pistoia (Italy): Causes and Possible Interventions." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 1389–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.1389.

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In the paper are discussed the likely causes of the collapse and the temporary safety features adopted to secure a collapsed portion of the Historic Walls of the city of Pistoia (Italy). The walls of medieval origin, affected by various subsequent modifications and alterations, have been subjected to a sudden collapse, after a period of heavy rain, for a length of about 25 meters. Hereby are described the probable causes of the collapse, due to a poor quality of the walls (external façades with external layer made up of river pebbles and inner filling material in-coherent), height of building

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Sharif, M., and Rubab Manzoor. "Dark energy and collapsing axial system." International Journal of Modern Physics D 26, no. 06 (2016): 1750057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271817500572.

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This paper investigates the effects of dark source term on the dissipative axially symmetric collapse by taking self-interacting Brans–Dicke (SBD) gravity as a dark energy (DE) candidate. We discuss physically feasible energy source of the model and formulate all the dynamical variables as well as structure scalars. It is found that the dark source term is one of the source of anisotropy and dissipation in the system. Further, we obtain structure scalars in this background. In order to discuss factors describing dissipative collapse, we develop equations related to the evolution of dynamical v

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Tinguely, Marc, Kiyonobu Ohtani, Mohamed Farhat, and Takehiko Sato. "Observation of the Formation of Multiple Shock Waves at the Collapse of Cavitation Bubbles for Improvement of Energy Convergence." Energies 15, no. 7 (2022): 2305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15072305.

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The collapse of a cavitation bubble is always associated with the radiation of intense shock waves, which are highly relevant in a variety of applications. To radiate a strong shock wave, it is necessary to converge energy at the collapse, and understanding generation processes of multiple shock waves at the collapse is a key issue. In the present study, we investigated the formation of multiple shock waves generated by the collapse of a laser-induced bubble. We used a high-speed imaging system with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution. We developed a triggering procedure of high precision

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Charleson, Andrew, and Marcial Blondet. "Seismic Reinforcement for Adobe Houses with Straps from Used Car Tires." Earthquake Spectra 28, no. 2 (2012): 511–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.4000014.

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After outlining introductory research on a proposed reinforcing system for adobe housing using straps cut from used car tires, the paper reports on full-scale tests. One dynamic and two static tests are described and results presented. The most significant outcome was that a single-room adobe house reinforced by tire straps successfully withstood the strong shaking that routinely collapses unreinforced adobe dwellings. The reinforced house strength, as measured during the shaking, exceeded the requirements of the Peruvian seismic code. This type of reinforced adobe can undergo large horizontal

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Dietz, Henry A., and David J. Myers. "From Thaw to Deluge: Party System Collapse in Venezuela and Peru." Latin American Politics and Society 49, no. 2 (2007): 59–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2007.tb00407.x.

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AbstractWhat conditions facilitate party system collapse, the farthest-reaching variant of party system change? How does collapse occur? Numerous studies of lesser types of party system change exist, but studies of party system collapse are rare. This study draws on the existing literature and the cases of party system collapse in Venezuela (1988–2000) and Peru (1985–95) to advance some answers to the important questions about the phenomenon. The study posits three conditions that predispose political party systems to collapse: the presence of an acute or sustained crisis that questions the ab

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Sirdy, Shivan. "The Role of Elementary Dimensions in the Creation of the Source of Elementary Particles." UKH Journal of Science and Engineering 4, no. 2 (2020): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.25079/ukhjse.v4n2y2020.pp69-83.

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It is agreed that before the creation of particles, space was completely devoid of matter and radiation. In this study, we assume that the absolute void comprises 4 dimensions, namely 3 spatial dimensions and a force equivalent representing the factor of change among the elementary dimensions. Our hypothesis is based on the expansion of the spatial dimensions and the subsequent space instability. We demonstrated that when the equivalent outward force strength exceeds a critical limit, it collapses inwardly to restore the equilibrium of the system. Subsequently, the void inside the collapsed fo

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Wei, Chih-Chiang. "COLLAPSE WARNING SYSTEM USING LSTM NEURAL NETWORKS FOR CONSTRUCTION DISASTER PREVENTION IN EXTREME WIND WEATHER." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 27, no. 4 (2021): 230–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2021.14649.

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Strong wind during extreme weather conditions (e.g., strong winds during typhoons) is one of the natural factors that cause the collapse of frame-type scaffolds used in façade work. This study developed an alert system for use in determining whether the scaffold structure could withstand the stress of the wind force. Conceptually, the scaffolds collapsed by the warning system developed in the study contains three modules. The first module involves the establishment of wind velocity prediction models. This study employed various deep learning and machine learning techniques, namely deep neural

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Melatos, Andrew, and Peter Robinson. "Magnetised Wave Collapse in Solar System Plasmas." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 10, no. 4 (1993): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1323358000025881.

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AbstractClumpy, intense wave packets observed in situ in the Jovian and terrestrial electron foreshocks, and in the Earth’s auroral acceleration zone, point to the existence of non-linear plasma turbulence in these regions. In non-linear turbulence, wave packets collapse to short scales and high fields, stopping only when coherent wave-particle interactions efficiently dissipate the energy in the waves. The purpose of this paper is to examine the shortest scales and highest fields achieved during collapse in a strongly magnetised plasma, and identify parts of the solar system where the magneti

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Tong, Ying-hui, Ying He, Lu-ying Hu, et al. "Elevated proportion of collapsed microvessels indicate poor survival outcome in patients with non-small cell lung cancer." Tumori Journal 105, no. 6 (2019): 494–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300891619871103.

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Background: An integral and well-functioning vascular system is essential for tumor progression and chemotherapy infusion. However, the lumen integrity of the microvessels and its significance in prognosis has not been studied. In this study, we found that the proportion of collapsed microvessels is suggested to be a novel biomarker for predicting prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: In this study, immunohistochemical CD31 staining was performed to identify the microvessels in tumor specimens. Proportions of collapsed vessels were estimated in CD31-stained tu

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Neal, C. A., S. R. Brantley, L. Antolik, et al. "The 2018 rift eruption and summit collapse of Kīlauea Volcano." Science 363, no. 6425 (2018): 367–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aav7046.

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In 2018, Kīlauea Volcano experienced its largest lower East Rift Zone (LERZ) eruption and caldera collapse in at least 200 years. After collapse of the Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō vent on 30 April, magma propagated downrift. Eruptive fissures opened in the LERZ on 3 May, eventually extending ~6.8 kilometers. A 4 May earthquake [moment magnitude (Mw) 6.9] produced ~5 meters of fault slip. Lava erupted at rates exceeding 100 cubic meters per second, eventually covering 35.5 square kilometers. The summit magma system partially drained, producing minor explosions and near-daily collapses releasing energy equivalent

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Gueraidia, Saida, Mohamed Salah Laouar, Djamel Athmania, Nour El Houda Gueraidia, Rayene Sirine Ramdani, and Chemseddine Fehdi. "Geotechnical and SAR interferometric investigation of collapsible soils in the Biskra region using geographic information system." South Florida Journal of Development 6, no. 1 (2025): e4890. https://doi.org/10.46932/sfjdv6n1-001.

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Collapsible soils have a distinctive porous structure and are frequently made of metastable sedimentary deposits,when clay minerals are present, the grains cement together, which keeps the soil stable when it's dry. The event known as collapse occurs when water seeps through these linkages, causing the grains to lose their cohesiveness and reorganize, significant harm to civil engineering projects can result from this process, especially in arid or semi-arid areas like southern Algeria where sensitive silty clays predominate,the behavior of collapsible soils in the northeastern Algerian region

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Chen, Juan Nong, and Zhi Xin Yue. "The System of Soil Management in the Coal Mining Collapse Area." Applied Mechanics and Materials 361-363 (August 2013): 871–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.361-363.871.

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The environment restoring of the coal mining collapse area directly relates the region economy, the social stabilization, the ecological environment, also relates the sustainable development of mining area. And this is a serious problem for the mining area in China. In order to improve the environment of mining area, this paper analyzes the presence of collapse area in China. This paper analyzes the damages of coal mining collapse and the problems existing in the management and regulation of the collapse region. In addition to researching the way of soil management of coal mining subsidence ar

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M. Becerra, Laura, Carlo Bianco, Chris Fryer, Jorge Rueda, and Remo Ruffini. "On the Induced Gravitational Collapse." EPJ Web of Conferences 168 (2018): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201816802005.

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The induced gravitational collapse (IGC) paradigm has been applied to explain the long gamma ray burst (GRB) associated with type Ic supernova, and recently the Xray flashes (XRFs). The progenitor is a binary systems of a carbon-oxygen core (CO) and a neutron star (NS). The CO core collapses and undergoes a supernova explosion which triggers the hypercritical accretion onto the NS companion (up to 10-2 M⊙s-1). For the binary driven hypernova (BdHNe), the binary system is enough bound, the NS reach its critical mass, and collapse to a black hole (BH) with a GRB emission characterized by an isot

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