Dissertations / Theses: 'System Context'

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Li, Siying. "Context-aware recommender system for system of information systems." Thesis, Compiègne, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021COMP2602.

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Travailler en collaboration n’est plus une question mais une réalité, la question qui se pose aujourd’hui concerne la mise en œuvre de la collaboration de façon à ce qu’elle soit la plus réussie possible. Cependant, une collaboration réussie n’est pas facile et est conditionnée par différents facteurs qui peuvent l’influencer. Il est donc nécessaire de considérer ces facteurs au sein du contexte de collaboration pour favoriser l’efficacité de collaboration. Parmi ces facteurs, le collaborateur est un facteur principal, qui est étroitement associé à l’efficacité et à la réussite des collaborations. Le choix des collaborateurs et/ou la recommandation de ces derniers en tenant compte du contexte de la collaboration peut grandement influencer la réussite de cette dernière. En même temps, grâce au développement des technologies de l’information, de nombreux outils numériques de collaboration sont mis à la disposition tels que les outils de mail et de chat en temps réel. Ces outils numériques peuvent eux-mêmes être intégrés dans un environnement de travail collaboratif basé sur le web. De tels environnements permettent aux utilisateurs de collaborer au-delà de la limite des distances géographiques. Ces derniers laissent ainsi des traces d’activités qu’il devient possible d’exploiter. Cette exploitation sera d’autant plus précise que le contexte sera décrit et donc les traces enregistrées riches en description. Il devient donc intéressant de développer les environnements de travail collaboratif basé sur le web en tenant d’une modélisation du contexte de la collaboration. L’exploitation des traces enregistrés pourra alors prendre la forme de recommandation contextuelle de collaborateurs pouvant renforcer la collaboration. Afin de générer des recommandations de collaborateurs dans des environnements de travail collaboratifs basés sur le web, cette thèse se concentre sur la génération des recommandations contextuelles de collaborateurs en définissant, modélisant et traitant le contexte de collaboration. Pour cela, nous proposons d’abord une définition du contexte de collaboration et choisissons de créer une ontologie du contexte de collaboration compte tenu des avantages de l’approche de modélisation en l’ontologie. Ensuite, une similarité sémantique basée sur l’ontologie est développée et appliquée dans trois algorithmes différents (i.e., PreF1, PoF1 et PoF2) afin de générer des recommandations contextuelles des collaborateurs. Par ailleurs, nous déployons l’ontologie de contexte de collaboration dans des environnements de travail collaboratif basés sur le web en considérant une architecture de système des systèmes d’informations du point de vue des environnements de travail collaboratif basés sur le web. À partir de cette architecture, un prototype correspondant d’environnement de travail collaboratif basé sur le web est alors construit. Enfin, un ensemble de données de collaborations scientifiques est utilisé pour tester et évaluer les performances des trois algorithmes de recommandation contextuelle des collaborateurs Working collaboratively is no longer an issue but a reality, what matters today is how to implement collaboration so that it is as successful as possible. However, successful collaboration is not easy and is conditioned by different factors that can influence it. It is therefore necessary to take these impacting factors into account within the context of collaboration for promoting the effectiveness of collaboration. Among the impacting factors, collaborator is a main one, which is closely associated with the effectiveness and success of collaborations. The selection and/or recommendation of collaborators, taking into account the context of collaboration, can greatly influence the success of collaboration. Meanwhile, thanks to the development of information technology, many collaborative tools are available, such as e-mail and real-time chat tools. These tools can be integrated into a web-based collaborative work environment. Such environments allow users to collaborate beyond the limit of geographical distances. During collaboration, users can utilize multiple integrated tools, perform various activities, and thus leave traces of activities that can be exploited. This exploitation will be more precise when the context of collaboration is described. It is therefore worth developing web-based collaborative work environments with a model of the collaboration context. Processing the recorded traces can then lead to context-aware collaborator recommendations that can reinforce the collaboration. To generate collaborator recommendations in web-based Collaborative Working Environments, this thesis focuses on producing context-aware collaborator recommendations by defining, modeling, and processing the collaboration context. To achieve this, we first propose a definition of the collaboration context and choose to build a collaboration context ontology given the advantages of the ontology-based modeling approach. Next, an ontologybased semantic similarity is developed and applied in three different algorithms (i.e., PreF1, PoF1, and PoF2) to generate context-aware collaborator recommendations. Furthermore, we deploy the collaboration context ontology into web-based Collaborative Working Environments by considering an architecture of System of Information Systems from the viewpoint of web-based Collaborative Working Environments. Based on this architecture, a corresponding prototype of web-based Collaborative Working Environment is then constructed. Finally, a dataset of scientific collaborations is employed to test and evaluate the performances of the three context-aware collaborator recommendation algorithms

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Alharthi, Raneem. "Context–Aware Stress Prediction System." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/34486.

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Stress is now recognized as one of the major causes of physical and psychological illness. It is known as a reaction to surrounding environmental threats and the best way to manage it is to understand its triggers. Although people continuously react to their surrounding environments, they sometimes are not aware that certain elements in their environment are considered to be stressors. Based on this fact, researchers have recently proposed context-aware stress management systems. Most of the proposed systems use context data to provide real time stress monitoring and visualization, along with intervention techniques. However, these interventions are limited to the second and tertiary stages and very little attention has been given to the primary stage. In this thesis, we introduce a system called CASP. The system’s objective is to provide stress status predictions based on a user’s current contextual data. Therefore, a detection method is developed using heart rate variability (HRV) as a stress indicator to deliver personalized context-aware stress reports. Based on the predicted status, the system provides users with stress interventions at an early stage in order to help avoid and/or eliminate the occurrence of stress. Our evaluation results show that the CASP system is able to predict the stress status of a user with an averaged accuracy of 78.23% through our limited activity, when compare to a stress status measured using physiological signals. Moreover, it provides prediction models that adapt to the changing nature of both the user’s stress status and the surrounding environment.

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Luukkonen, Jukka-Pekka. "Creating a modular context management system." Thesis, University West, Department of Technology, Mathematics and Computer Science, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-450.

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Marmasse, Natalia 1962. "comMotion : a context-aware communication system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/61841.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 1999. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-84). How many times have you gone to the grocery store but left your shopping list on the refrigerator door? Wouldn't it be more efficient to have a reminder to buy groceries and the shopping list delivered to you when you were in the vicinity of the store? How many times have you suddenly thought of something you must do or have just had a great idea that you want to write down, or record, for future reference? Wouldn't it be useful to record that thought and be reminded of it when in the relevant place and time? Information delivery utopia would be to receive the exact amount of data we need (no more, no less), when and where we need it, and in a gratifying format, for example, in a pleasant voice or well-structured text. Although we are still far away from this goal, a partial solution to the information overload is to create systems which deliver timely information when the user is in the relevant context. This thesis describes comMotion, a context-aware communication system for a mobile or wearable computing platform. A behaviour-learning agent automatically learns the salient locations in the user's life. Once these places have been determined, location specific to-do lists, electronic Post-it notes or reminders, and subscription requested information can be delivered to the user at the right place and time. The user interacts with the system through a visual and/or speech interface. by Natalia Marmasse. S.M.

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Ahmed, Qutub Uddin, and Saifullah Bin Mujib. "Context Aware Reminder System : Activity Recognition Using Smartphone Accelerometer and Gyroscope Sensors Supporting Context-Based Reminder Systems." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för datalogi och datorsystemteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4122.

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Context. Reminder system offers flexibility in daily life activities and assists to be independent. The reminder system not only helps reminding daily life activities, but also serves to a great extent for the people who deal with health care issues. For example, a health supervisor who monitors people with different health related problems like people with disabilities or mild dementia. Traditional reminders which are based on a set of defined activities are not enough to address the necessity in a wider context. To make the reminder more flexible, the user’s current activities or contexts are needed to be considered. To recognize user’s current activity, different types of sensors can be used. These sensors are available in Smartphone which can assist in building a more contextual reminder system. Objectives. To make a reminder context based, it is important to identify the context and also user’s activities are needed to be recognized in a particular moment. Keeping this notion in mind, this research aims to understand the relevant context and activities, identify an effective way to recognize user’s three different activities (drinking, walking and jogging) using Smartphone sensors (accelerometer and gyroscope) and propose a model to use the properties of the identification of the activity recognition. Methods. This research combined a survey and interview with an exploratory Smartphone sensor experiment to recognize user’s activity. An online survey was conducted with 29 participants and interviews were held in cooperation with the Karlskrona Municipality. Four elderly people participated in the interview. For the experiment, three different user activity data were collected using Smartphone sensors and analyzed to identify the pattern for different activities. Moreover, a model is proposed to exploit the properties of the activity pattern. The performance of the proposed model was evaluated using machine learning tool, WEKA. Results. Survey and interviews helped to understand the important activities of daily living which can be considered to design the reminder system, how and when it should be used. For instance, most of the participants in the survey are used to using some sort of reminder system, most of them use a Smartphone, and one of the most important tasks they forget is to take their medicine. These findings helped in experiment. However, from the experiment, different patterns have been observed for three different activities. For walking and jogging, the pattern is discrete. On the other hand, for drinking activity, the pattern is complex and sometimes can overlap with other activities or can get noisy. Conclusions. Survey, interviews and the background study provided a set of evidences fostering reminder system based on users’ activity is essential in daily life. A large number of Smartphone users promoted this research to select a Smartphone based on sensors to identify users’ activity which aims to develop an activity based reminder system. The study was to identify the data pattern by applying some simple mathematical calculations in recorded Smartphone sensors (accelerometer and gyroscope) data. The approach evaluated with 99% accuracy in the experimental data. However, the study concluded by proposing a model to use the properties of the identification of the activities and developing a prototype of a reminder system. This study performed preliminary tests on the model, but there is a need for further empirical validation and verification of the model. +46707560843

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Li, Wei. "Toward a Person-Centric Context Aware System." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Computer and Systems Sciences, DSV, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3880.

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A recent trend is to integrate sensing, communication, and computation into every aspect of our daily life, ranging from various user devices to physical environment. The goal is to give computer systems an awareness of the users and their situations, so that they can support their diverse interaction needs at anytime, any place. A major problem hindering achieving this promising goal is that the users usually play a passive role in these systems with little possibility to interfere with the processing. Additionally, there is no option for the user to prevent being monitored by the system.This drawback stems from the lack of an independent and consistent user oriented viewpoint in current ubiquitous computing systems, which can easily result in the occurrence of user privacy invasion and misinterpretation of the user.To overcome this problem, this thesis proposes a Person-Centric Context Aware System architecture, helping to preserve an independent representation for each individual user to different computer systems. The main idea embraced in this system architecture is that the users are the owners of their personal information, thus they should have the control of how their information will be used by others.In the design of this system architecture, a number of important issues have been addressed with their corresponding solutions in terms of different system components. Among these issues, three are identified as the most crucial ones, and hence these issues have received most of our efforts to provide better solutions: Context Data Communication, Location Detection, and Communication Anonymity support. A prototype system constructed during the process of developing each specific solution is also presented. Together these comprise the main contributions of this thesis work. Finally, our concluding remarks are presented together with our planned future work, based on the current implementation of a Person-Centric Context Aware System.

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Hübinette, Daniel. "Occupancy Sensor System : For Context-aware Computing." Thesis, KTH, Kommunikationssystem, CoS, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-91936.

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This masters thesis project, "Occupancy Sensor System", was conducted at Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden, during the period 2007-04-24 – 2007-12-17. The goal of the project was to design an occupancy sensor system that determines if there exists more than one person in a defined region. The output of this system is for use in a context-aware system at the KTH Center for Wireless Systems (Wireless@KTH). The system is important because there is a need for specific input to context-aware systems concerning occupancy of spaces and because this thesis has focused on a problem that enables new complex and interesting services. Additionally, the specific problem of determining not only occupancy, but if this occupancy is zero, one, many has not been widely examined previously. The significance of zero occupants indicating an empty room has already been recognized as having economic and environmental value in terms of heating, ventilating, air-conditioning, and lighting. However, there has not been an effort to differentiate between a person being alone or if more than one person is present. A context-aware system might be able to use this later information to infer that a meeting is taking place in a meeting room, a class taking place in a classroom or that an individual is alone in a conference room, class room, etc. Thus enabling context-aware services to change their behavior based upon the differences in these situations. An occupancy sensor system prototype was designed to monitor a boundary by using a thermal detector, gumstix computer, an analog to digital converter prototype board, laptop computer, and a context broker. The testing and evaluation of the system, proved it to be sound. However, there are still further improvements and tests to be made. These improvements include: dynamic configuration of the system, communication between the different system entities, detection algorithms, and code improvements. Tests measuring accuracy of a detection algorithm and determining optimal detector placement need to be performed. The next step is to design applications that use the context information provided from the occupancy sensor system and expand the system to use multiple detectors. Examensarbetet "Occupancy Sensor System" genomfördes på Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH), Stockholm, Sverige, under perioden 2007-04-24 – 2007-12-17. Målet med examensarbetet var att designa ett sensorsystem, som avgör om ett rum är befolkat med fler än en person i ett definierat område. Resultatet av detta system är till för användning i ett kontextmedvetet system som finns i KTH Center for Wireless Systems (Wireless@KTH). Systemet är viktigt eftersom det finns ett behov för specifik input till kontextmedvetna system som berör befolkning av rum och eftersom detta examensarbete har fokuserat på ett problem som möjliggör nya komplexa och intressanta tjänster. Dessutom har det inte tidigare undersökts i vidare bemärkelse hur man kan avgöra om ett rum befolkats av noll, en eller flera personer. Betydelsen av att ett rum är obefolkat har redan ansetts ha ekonomiskt och miljöbetingat värde vad gäller uppvärming, ventilation, luftkonditionering och belysning. Däremot har det inte gjorts ansträngningar att differentiera mellan att en ensam person eller flera är närvarande. Ett kontextmedvetet system skulle kunna använda den senare nämnda informationen för att dra slutsatsen att ett möte pågår i ett mötesrum, en lektion är igång i ett klassrum o.s.v. Detta möjliggör i sin tur för kontextmedvetna tjänster att ändra på sina beteenden baserat på skillnaderna i dessa situationer. En prototyp utvecklades för att övervaka en gräns genom användningen av en termisk detektor, gumstixdator, analog till digital signalkonverterare, bärbar dator och en context broker (kontextförmedlare). Testningar och utvärderingar av systemet visade att systemet var dugligt. Flera förbättringar och tester behöver dock göras i framtiden. Dessa förbättringar inkluderar: dynamisk konfiguration av systemet, kommunikation mellan de olika systementiteterna, detektionsalgoritmer och kodförbättringar. Återstående tester inkluderar mätning av en detektionsalgoritms tillförlitlighet samt optimal placering av detektorer. Nästa steg är att utveckla applikationer som använder kontextinformationen från systemet samt att utveckla systemet till att kunna använda flera detektorer.

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Li, Wei. "Towards a Person-Centric Context Aware System." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm : Department of Computer & Systems Sciences, Stockholm University and The Royal Institute of Technology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3880.

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Ang, Cheewee 1978. "A context-based personalized ratings management system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8939.

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Thesis (M.Eng. and S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2001. Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-84). In an online community of any size, every user garners reputations for different contexts through interactions with other users. When any user in the online community is interested in a certain context, the user would value the opinions of those users of high repute with respect to that context. However, if the online community is of any significant size, a user might not know every other user in the community. Therefore, a reputation brokering mechanism needs to be incorporated so that an interested user would be able to trace paths through other users to the reputable users. From social network theories, there exist centrality measures that can be used to determine the reputation of users in a network based on the number of in-degrees and out-degrees. However, different users in the network can have varying tastes and opinions with respect to a given context. Since centrality measures determine the reputation of users based on aggregate opinion, a user who has different tastes from the majority of the other users might not agree with the reputable users selected by the centrality measures. This justifies the need for developing personalized rating systems that are able to personalize for any user a selection of other users that he would regard as highly reputable. In this thesis, two such rating systems are developed and compared against the existing centrality measures. When tested over various dimensions such as network size and network connectivity, there is evidence that the personalized rating systems perform better than the traditional measures of reputation in the selection of reputable individuals. by Cheewee Ang. M.Eng.and S.B.

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Chan, Chiuyi 1978. "OLE DB for the Context Interchange System." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/81558.

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Thesis (M.Eng. and S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2000. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 105-106). by Chiuyi Chan. M.Eng.and S.B.

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Tian, Ye. "A SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATED CONTENT ORGANIZATION." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1151077709.

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Tenny, Carol L. "A Context Free Rule System For Parsing Japanese." MIT-Japan Program, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/7579.

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Bhaumik, Vijan. "Supply chain practices in the context of an emerging economy." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59227.

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Thesis (S.M. in System Design and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, 2010. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Includes bibliographical references (p. 90-92). The emergence of the BRIC economies of Brazil, Russia, India and China as a formidable economic powerhouse is turning into a reality. The center of the world's economic gravity is slowly shifting towards these emerging economies. As per research performed by Goldman Sacs' the BRIC economies could become the four most dominant economies by 2050. As per their study China and India would become the dominant supplier of manufactured goods and services while Brazil and Russia would dominate in supply of raw materials. The BRIC economy today makes up about 25% of the land mass and has 40% of the world's population. As multinationals scramble to tap into these growing emerging markets, they have begun to acknowledge that supply chain management is an essential ingredient of a successful business strategy. Success stories of Wal-Mart, Dell and Toyota have brought in the realization that to compete and win in the market place a winning supply chain strategy is a must. This has resulted in corporations trying to benchmark their supply chain strategies against this best in class strategies. However, this kind of comparison does not always work since there are a multitude of differences between companies, industries and countries. The existing practice of developing products and services for the developed economy and then tailoring these products for other economies around the world will not suffice anymore. Companies must now learn how to develop products for countries like India, sometimes from scratch and then tailor them for other geographies. To compete in this space of rapid economic growth firms need to analyze, design and optimize their product portfolio for emerging markets. To develop these "no frills" products for emerging economies, the supply chain designed for developed countries isn't adequate to meet the unique challenges of an emerging economy with its underdeveloped infrastructure, technology and human capital resources. To be competitive corporations should re-evaluate their supply chain strategies to customize it for emerging market conditions and in many cases build it from scratch. This thesis examines the unique characteristics of supply chain by studying successful supply chain strategies employed by Indian firms and proposes frameworks and strategies to help companies innovate in their supply chain design. This thesis develops a generic framework to design effective supply chains for emerging economies by looking at five key elements or "Five Pillars" of supply chain. The five key elements were thoroughly evaluated to understand the key challenges in each pillar and develop effective "Customized Practices" in the context of an emerging economy. The five pillars which were evaluated were Demand and Supply Planning, Sourcing and Procurement, Operations, Transportation, Warehousing and distribution. The framework takes a holistic approach by aligning business strategies with operating principles to develop the customized practices. The framework was then validated by performing a deep dive analysis of the successful supply chain case of the Tata Nano small car. Analyzing the Tata Nano supply chain through the lens of this framework provided key insights into the supply chain challenges faced by firms operating in an emerging economy and the unique customized practices used by these firms to operate efficiently. Use of this framework will bring awareness of the supply chain challenges in emerging economies and the customized practices firms use to help guide organizations in designing and operating their supply chains. by Vijan Bhaumik. S.M.in System Design and Management

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Hoque, Tania Tanzin. "A context aware recommender system for tourism with ambient intelligence." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/27906.

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Recommender system (RS) holds a significant place in the area of the tourism sector. The major factor of trip planning is selecting relevant Points of Interest (PoI) from tourism domain. The RS system supposed to collect information from user behaviors, personality, preferences and other contextual information. This work is mainly focused on user’s personality, preferences and analyzing user psychological traits. The work is intended to improve the user profile modeling, exposing relationship between user personality and PoI categories and find the solution in constraint satisfaction programming (CSP). It is proposed the architecture according to ambient intelligence perspective to allow the best possible tourist place to the end-user. The key development of this RS is representing the model in CSP and optimizing the problem. We implemented our system in Minizinc solver with domain restrictions represented by user preferences. The CSP allowed user preferences to guide the system toward finding the optimal solutions; RESUMO O sistema de recomendação (RS) detém um lugar significativo na área do sector do turismo. O principal fator do planeamento de viagens é selecionar pontos de interesse relevantes (PoI) do domínio do turismo. O sistema de recomendação (SR) deve recolher informações de comportamentos, personalidade, preferências e outras informações contextuais do utilizador. Este trabalho centra-se principalmente na personalidade, preferências do utilizador e na análise de traços fisiológicos do utilizador. O trabalho tem como objetivo melhorar a modelação do perfil do utilizador, expondo a relação entre a personalidade deste e as categorias dos POI, assim como encontrar uma solução com programação por restrições (CSP). Propõe-se a arquitetura de acordo com a perspetiva do ambiente inteligente para conseguir o melhor lugar turístico possível para o utilizador final. A principal contribuição deste SR é representar o modelo como CSP e tratá-lo como problema de otimização. Implementámos o nosso sistema com o solucionador em Minizinc com restrições de domínio representadas pelas preferências dos utilizadores. O CSP permitiu que as preferências dos utilizadores guiassem o sistema para encontrar as soluções ideais.

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Kaleem, M. Bilal (Mohammad Bilal) 1980. "CLAMP : application merging in the ECOIN context mediation system using the context linking approach." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/28463.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2003. Includes bibliographical references (p. 81-82). Integrating data from heterogeneous data sources means dealing with context differences. That is, differences in the assumptions that are made regarding format and interpretation of the data. The Context Interchange (COIN) group has developed a formalism to describe the context assumptions of data sources and data receivers. An ECOIN application ties various sources together by being mapping them to a common ontology, or domain model. ECOIN applications allow the context differences between data sources to be resolved through context mediation. Users may then desire to merge together multiple ECOIN applications so that context differences across a much wider range of sources can be resolved with minimal additional effort. Accordingly, the work of this thesis focuses on the problem of merging ECOIN applications. The approach to merging discussed herein is termed context-linking. Context-linking allows the merging of ECOIN applications with minimal effort having to be spent on merging the ontologies of the two applications. This is achieved by employing a virtual approach to ontology merging that gives the appearance of a merged ontology. This thesis describes the merging process, presents a detailed case study, demonstrates the benefits of merging and presents the design for CLAMP, a tool that facilitates ECOIN application merging. by M. Bilal Kaleem. M.Eng.

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Mobin, Usman Y. (Usman Yousef) 1979. "Graphical metadata management for the Context Mediation System." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87242.

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Thesis (M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2002. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 95-98). by Usman Y. Mobin. M.Eng.

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Chiu, Eugene 1979. "A context-based rating system for online communities." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/87211.

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Thesis (M.Eng. and S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2002. Includes bibliographical references (p. 61). by Eugene Chiu. M.Eng.and S.B.

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Shah, Syed Ahmed Zaman 1972. "Design and architecture of the Context Interchange system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47550.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1998. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-79). by Syed Ahmed Zaman Shah. M.Eng.

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Al-Sultan, Saif Jamal. "Context aware drivers' behaviour detection system for VANET." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/9508.

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Wireless communications and mobile computing have led to the enhancement of, and improvement in, intelligent transportation systems (ITS) that focus on road safety applications. As a promising technology and a core component of ITS, Vehicle Ad hoc Networks (VANET) have emerged as an application of Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET), which use Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) to allow vehicles in close proximity to communicate with one another, or to communicate with roadside equipment. These types of communication open up a wide range of potential safety and non-safety applications, with the aim of providing an intelligent driving environment that will offer road users more pleasant journeys. VANET safety applications are considered to represent a vital step towards improving road safety and enhancing traffic efficiency, as a consequence of their capacity to share information about the road between moving vehicles. This results in decreasing numbers of accidents and increasing the opportunity to save people's lives. Many researchers from different disciplines have focused their research on the development of vehicle safety applications. Designing an accurate and efficient driver behaviour detection system that can detect the abnormal behaviours exhibited by drivers (i.e. drunkenness and fatigue) and alert them may have an impact on the prevention of road accidents. Moreover, using Context-aware systems in vehicles can improve the driving by collecting and analysing contextual information about the driving environment, hence, increasing the awareness of the driver while driving his/her car. In this thesis, we propose a novel driver behaviour detection system in VANET by utilising a context-aware system approach. The system is comprehensive, non-intrusive and is able to detect four styles of driving behaviour: drunkenness, fatigue, reckless and normal behaviour. The behaviour of the driver in this study is considered to be uncertain context and is defined as a dynamic interaction between the driver, the vehicle and the environment; meaning it is affected by many factors and develops over the time. Therefore, we have introduced a novel Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) framework to perform reasoning about uncertainty and to deduce the behaviour of drivers by combining information regarding the above mentioned factors. A novel On Board Unit (OBU) architecture for detecting the behaviour of the driver has been introduced. The architecture has been built based on the concept of context-awareness; it is divided into three phases that represent the three main subsystems of context-aware system; sensing, reasoning and acting subsystems. The proposed architecture explains how the system components interact in order to detect abnormal behaviour that is being exhibited by driver; this is done to alert the driver and prevent accidents from occurring. The implementation of the proposed system has been carried out using GeNIe version 2.0 software to construct the DBN model. The DBN model has been evaluated using synthetic data in order to demonstrate the detection accuracy of the proposed model under uncertainty, and the importance of including a large amount of contextual information within the detection process.

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Kappattanavar, Abhishek Mallikarjuna. "Model Transformation in context of Driver Assistance System." Master's thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-203859.

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In today’s world we see that Embedded Systems forms a major part in the life of a human being. Almost every device today has an electronic chip embedded in it. When it comes to automotive, these electronic devices are multiplying. This has resulted in innovative methods of developing Embedded Systems. Among them, Model Based Development has become very popular and a standard way of developing embedded systems. Now, we can see that most embedded systems, especially the automotive systems, are being developed using Model development tools like Simulink. In the design and development of Driver Assistance System, Model Based Design (MBD) plays an important role from system design and simulation to code generation. Modeling tool Matlab/Simulink is now among the most popular tools. Due to the proprietary nature of Simulink and challenges in requirement elicitation phase the industry is looking towards an open source alternative, such as Scicos. Since, most of the OEMs are still using Simulink, there is a need for interoperability between Simulink and Scicos. The present work proposes metamodels for Simulink and Scicos, and Model transformation using these Metamodels for the inter-operability. In order to develop the model transformation the metamodels for Simulink and Scicos were developed using EMF Ecore. These metamodels conform to OMGs MOF Standards. These metamodels were used in developing the transformation definition using the language QVTo. First a simple model was developed, and transformation rules were applied and verified using it. Then a Simulink subsystem of a cross wind assistance system was subjected to forward transformation. The outputs of the model before transformation and that after transformation were compared. They were found to give the same output as desired. Thus, verifying the transformation definition. An attempt was made to achieve reverse transformation. A subsystem in Scicos was considered for reverse transformation. After subjecting it to transformation, an intermediate model conforming to Simulink metamodel was obtained. This shows that the interoperability between Scicos and Simulink can be achieved.

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Kuchmann-Beauger, Nicolas. "Question Answering System in a Business Intelligence Context." Thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECAP0021/document.

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Le volume et la complexité des données générées par les systèmes d’information croissent de façon singulière dans les entrepôts de données. Le domaine de l’informatique décisionnelle (aussi appelé BI) a pour objectif d’apporter des méthodes et des outils pour assister les utilisateurs dans leur tâche de recherche d’information. En effet, les sources de données ne sont en général pas centralisées, et il est souvent nécessaire d’interagir avec diverses applications. Accéder à l’information est alors une tâche ardue, alors que les employés d’une entreprise cherchent généralement à réduire leur charge de travail. Pour faire face à ce constat, le domaine « Enterprise Search » s’est développé récemment, et prend en compte les différentes sources de données appartenant aussi bien au réseau privé d’entreprise qu’au domaine public (telles que les pages Internet). Pourtant, les utilisateurs de moteurs de recherche actuels souffrent toujours de du volume trop important d’information à disposition. Nous pensons que de tels systèmes pourraient tirer parti des méthodes du traitement naturel des langues associées à celles des systèmes de questions/réponses. En effet, les interfaces en langue naturelle permettent aux utilisateurs de rechercher de l’information en utilisant leurs propres termes, et d’obtenir des réponses concises et non une liste de documents dans laquelle l’éventuelle bonne réponse doit être identifiée. De cette façon, les utilisateurs n’ont pas besoin d’employer une terminologie figée, ni de formuler des requêtes selon une syntaxe très précise, et peuvent de plus accéder plus rapidement à l’information désirée. Un challenge lors de la construction d’un tel système consiste à interagir avec les différentes applications, et donc avec les langages utilisés par ces applications d’une part, et d’être en mesure de s’adapter facilement à de nouveaux domaines d’application d’autre part. Notre rapport détaille un système de questions/réponses configurable pour des cas d’utilisation d’entreprise, et le décrit dans son intégralité. Dans les systèmes traditionnels de l’informatique décisionnelle, les préférences utilisateurs ne sont généralement pas prises en compte, ni d’ailleurs leurs situations ou leur contexte. Les systèmes état-de-l’art du domaine tels que Soda ou Safe ne génèrent pas de résultats calculés à partir de l’analyse de la situation des utilisateurs. Ce rapport introduit une approche plus personnalisée, qui convient mieux aux utilisateurs finaux. Notre expérimentation principale se traduit par une interface de type search qui affiche les résultats dans un dashboard sous la forme de graphes, de tables de faits ou encore de miniatures de pages Internet. En fonction des requêtes initiales des utilisateurs, des recommandations de requêtes sont aussi affichées en sus, et ce dans le but de réduire le temps de réponse global du système. En ce sens, ces recommandations sont comparables à des prédictions. Notre travail se traduit par les contributions suivantes : tout d’abord, une architecture implémentée via des algorithmes parallélisés et qui prend en compte la diversité des sources de données, à savoir des données structurées ou non structurées dans le cadre d’un framework de questions/réponses qui peut être facilement configuré dans des environnements différents. De plus, une approche de traduction basée sur la résolution de contrainte, qui remplace le traditionnel langage-pivot par un modèle conceptuel et qui conduit à des requêtes multidimensionnelles mieux personnalisées. En outre, en ensemble de patrons linguistiques utilisés pour traduire des questions BI en des requêtes pour bases de données, qui peuvent être facilement adaptés dans le cas de configurations différentes The amount and complexity of data generated by information systems keep increasing in Warehouses. The domain of Business Intelligence (BI) aims at providing methods and tools to better help users in retrieving those data. Data sources are distributed over distinct locations and are usually accessible through various applications. Looking for new information could be a tedious task, because business users try to reduce their work overload. To tackle this problem, Enterprise Search is a field that has emerged in the last few years, and that takes into consideration the different corporate data sources as well as sources available to the public (e.g. World Wide Web pages). However, corporate retrieval systems nowadays still suffer from information overload. We believe that such systems would benefit from Natural Language (NL) approaches combined with Q&A techniques. Indeed, NL interfaces allow users to search new information in their own terms, and thus obtain precise answers instead of turning to a plethora of documents. In this way, users do not have to employ exact keywords or appropriate syntax, and can have faster access to new information. Major challenges for designing such a system are to interface different applications and their underlying query languages on the one hand, and to support users’ vocabulary and to be easily configured for new application domains on the other hand. This thesis outlines an end-to-end Q&A framework for corporate use-cases that can be configured in different settings. In traditional BI systems, user-preferences are usually not taken into account, nor are their specific contextual situations. State-of-the art systems in this field, Soda and Safe do not compute search results on the basis of users’ situation. This thesis introduces a more personalized approach, which better speaks to end-users’ situations. Our main experimentation, in this case, works as a search interface, which displays search results on a dashboard that usually takes the form of charts, fact tables, and thumbnails of unstructured documents. Depending on users’ initial queries, recommendations for alternatives are also displayed, so as to reduce response time of the overall system. This process is often seen as a kind of prediction model. Our work contributes to the following: first, an architecture, implemented with parallel algorithms, that leverages different data sources, namely structured and unstructured document repositories through an extensible Q&A framework, and this framework can be easily configured for distinct corporate settings; secondly, a constraint-matching-based translation approach, which replaces a pivot language with a conceptual model and leads to more personalized multidimensional queries; thirdly, a set of NL patterns for translating BI questions in structured queries that can be easily configured in specific settings. In addition, we have implemented an iPhone/iPad™ application and an HTML front-end that demonstrate the feasibility of the various approaches developed through a series of evaluation metrics for the core component and scenario of the Q&A framework. To this end, we elaborate on a range of gold-standard queries that can be used as a basis for evaluating retrieval systems in this area, and show that our system behave similarly as the well-known WolframAlpha™ system, depending on the evaluation settings

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Kaltz, Joachim Wolfgang. "An engineering method for adaptive, context aware Web applications." München Utz, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2848419&prov=M&dokv̲ar=1&doke̲xt=htm.

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Massanari, Adrienne Lynne. "In context : information architects, politics, and interdisciplinarity /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6193.

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Binjammaz, Tareq. "Context-aware GPS integrity monitoring for Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/11397.

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The integrity of positioning systems has become an increasingly important requirement for location-based Intelligent Transports Systems (ITS). The navigation systems, such as Global Positioning System (GPS), used in ITS cannot provide the high quality positioning information required by most services, due to the various type of errors from GPS sensor, such as signal outage, and atmospheric effects, all of which are difficult to measure, or from the map matching process. Consequently, an error in the positioning information or map matching process may lead to inaccurate determination of a vehicle’s location. Thus, the integrity is require when measuring both vehicle’s positioning and other related information such as speed, to locate the vehicle in the correct road segment, and avoid errors. The integrity algorithm for the navigation system should include a guarantee that the systems do not produce misleading or faulty information; as this may lead to a significant error arising in the ITS services. Hence, to achieve the integrity requirement a navigation system should have a robust mechanism, to notify the user of any potential errors in the navigation information. The main aim of this research is to develop a robust and reliable mechanism to support the positioning requirement of ITS services. This can be achieved by developing a high integrity GPS monitoring algorithm with the consideration of speed, based on the concept of context-awareness which can be applied with real time ITS services to adapt changes in the integrity status of the navigation system. Context-aware architecture is designed to collect contextual information about the vehicle, including location, speed and heading, reasoning about its integrity and reactions based on the information acquired. In this research, three phases of integrity checks are developed. These are, (i) positioning integrity, (ii) speed integrity, and (iii) map matching integrity. Each phase uses different techniques to examine the consistency of the GPS information. A receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) algorithm is used to measure the quality of the GPS positioning data. GPS Doppler information is used to check the integrity of vehicle’s speed, adding a new layer of integrity and improving the performance of the map matching process. The final phase in the integrity algorithm is intended to verify the integrity of the map matching process. In this phase, fuzzy logic is also used to measure the integrity level, which guarantees the validity and integrity of the map matching results. This algorithm is implemented successfully, examined using real field data. In addition, a true reference vehicle is used to determine the reliability and validity of the output. The results show that the new integrity algorithm has the capability to support a various types of location-based ITS services.

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Kaenampornpan, Manasawee. "A context model, design tool and architecture for context-aware systems designs." Thesis, University of Bath, 2009. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.512315.

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Santin, Joseph M. "Context-dependence of physiological systems: environment-physiology interactions in the respiratory control system." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright149336916471128.

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Dobslaw, Felix. "An Adaptive, Searchable and Extendable Context Model,enabling cross-domain Context Storage, Retrieval and Reasoning : Architecture, Design, Implementation and Discussion." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi och medier, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-12179.

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The specification of communication standards and increased availability of sensors for mobile phones and mobile systems are responsible for a significantly increasing sensor availability in populated environments. These devices are able to measure physical parameters and make this data available via communication in sensor networks. To take advantage of the so called acquiring information for public services, other parties have to be able to receive and interpret it. Locally measured datacould be seen as a means of describing user context. For a generic processing of arbitrary context data, a model for the specification ofenvironments, users, information sources and information semantics has to be defined. Such a model would, in the optimal case, enable global domain crossing context usage and hence a broader foundation for context interpretation and integration.This thesis proposes the CII-(Context Information Integration) model for the persistence and retrieval of context information in mobile, dynamically changing, environments. It discusses the terms context and context modeling under the analysis of former publications in thefield. Further-more an architecture and prototype are presented.Live and historical data are stored and accessed by the same platform and querying processor, but are treated in an optimized fashion.Optimized retrieval for closeness in n-dimensional context-spaces is supported by a dedicated method. The implementation enables self-aware,shareable agents that are able to reason or act based upon the global context,including their own. These agents can be considered as being a part of the wholecontext, being movable and executable for all context-aware applications.By applying open source technology, a gratifying implementation of CII is feasible. The document contains a thorough discussion concerning the software design and further prototype development. The use cases at the end of the document show the flexibility and extendability of the model and its implementation as a context-base for three entirely different applications. MediaSense

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LaFon, Christian (Christian Phillip). "Context characterization for synthesis of process architectures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47871.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-118). Analysis steps are proposed as an aid for establishing Lean Product Development (LPD) activities in an organization. The proposal is offered as an aid to engineering managers and process designers for coping with the unique challenges of implementing processes from their inception - for example, at a new enterprise. As such, the thesis focuses on the creation of LPD, as opposed to traditional Lean improvement activities which benefit from the perspective of hindsight of a legacy process. Without established product development processes to improve upon, the implementation of product development activities at a new venture relies on the use of foresight to instance a LPD environment in new organizations. Therefore, the paper stresses stakeholder value delivery within the specific context that an enterprise operates and competes. A generic framework for context characterization is proposed and discussed. The framework is then evaluated for its usefulness in process design activities. The analysis steps are based on literature review and case study interviews. The proposed analysis steps include: * a comprehensive definition of the business context in which the enterprise operates and competes, * a statement of goals and objectives for the product development organization based on this context, and, * a determination of appropriate behaviors to meet these goals. Traditional Lean research has typically been approached from a large-scale, complex systems, for-profit perspective. (cont.) Unique insights are gained from the perspective of small, privately funded, new ventures. The benefits include foresight-only value objectives for product development (process creation) and uniqueness of context (i.e. resource limited, mindshare-driven). The analysis method was validated by examining process design case studies within three contexts: large-scale aerospace, industrial process monitoring, and high-technology start-up. by Christian LaFon. S.M.

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Simons, Christof. "Context aware applications in mobile distributed systems /." Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/987900757/04.

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Puttegowda, Kiran. "Context Switching Strategies in a Run-Time Reconfigurable system." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32043.

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A distinctive feature of run-time reconfigurable systems is the ability to change the configuration of programmable resources during execution. This opens a number of possibilities such as virtualisation of computational resources, simplified routing and in certain applications lower power. Seamless run-time reconfiguration requires rapid configuration. Commodity programmable devices have relatively long configuration time, which makes them poor candidates for run-time reconfigurable systems. Reducing this reconfiguration time to the order of nano seconds will enable rapid run-time reconfiguration. Having multiple configuration planes and switching between them while processing data is one approach towards achieving rapid reconfiguration. An experimental context switching programmable device, called the Context Switching Reconfigurable Computer (CSRC), has been created by BAE Systems, which provided opportunities to explore context-switching strategies for run-time reconfigurable systems. The work presented here studies this approach for run-time reconfiguration, by applying the concepts to develop applications on a context switching reconfigurable system. The work also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of such an approach and ways of leveraging the concept for efficient computing. Master of Science

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Sales, Michael F. "Context Dependent Numerosity Representations in Children." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1557146188226533.

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Ceran, Onur. "A Context Aware Emergency Management System Using Mobile Computing." Master's thesis, METU, 2013. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12615606/index.pdf.

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In this thesis, an emergency management system taking advantage of mobile computing and its awareness on context is provided. The framework primarily aims to create an infrastructure for acquiring implicit and explicit data about an emergency situation by using capabilities of smart mobile devices and converting them into value-added information to be used in phases of emergency management. In addition to conceptual description of the framework, a real prototype implementation is developed and successful application of the framework is demonstrated. Sample cases are analyzed in conjunction with the prototype and an experiment for reporting an emergency situation is carried out by a group of participants in order to demonstrate the applicability and feasibility of the framework. Data collected during the experiment are examined in order to determine the advantages of the proposed system in comparison with traditional emergency reporting efforts.

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Lee, Jinhwan. "Context-based Service Performance Profile Management System in SOA." Thesis, University of California, Irvine, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3599358.

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Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is a software paradigm for providing a uniform means to discover, interact with and use capabilities to produce desired effects consistent with measurable preconditions and expectation. SOA also provides a framework for service composition by putting together of a number of services to make a more complex one to fulfill a business process and service reconfiguration by replacing faulty services with better performing services to have seamless business process execution. In general, service integration tries to maximize the performance of a business process such as to have a minimum latency, the shortest response time, the optimal reliability, an acceptable level of security and so on. Although technology exists to optimize the performance in terms of the above QoS attributes, it still may not meet the need of all users, since user may have unique service requirement at some specific context. In order to address this issue, in this dissertation, we present an approach to improve overall performance for the execution of business process by considering context-based service performance profile management through context-adaptive middleware component called Context Manager. Context Manager is designed to collect service performance feedback from users along with their context data, maintain service performance profile data, distinguish influential context for service performance, predict how the service would perform under user context and provide most-adaptive service for user context. We design context tree to represent context data in an efficient way to manage, propose methodology to distinguish which context attributes are affecting service performance, called critical context attribute, and use the K-mean, clustering algorithm to classify and record context dependency on the observed service performance. We also study algorithms to decide the clustering unit of context attribute values and to distinguish those context attributes that may or may not significantly affect service performance. In addition, we propose an approach to integrate context awareness into web service model with various SOAP-based APIs. Our experiment results indicate that context manager system effectively maintains service performance profile data, clearly understands the influence of some specific context attributes on service performance and provides context-adaptive services as users expect. Moreover, integrating context-awareness into SOA brings significant performance improvement in terms of lower rate of service failure and reconfiguration, and more optimal response time between service requester and service provider. We also present performance studies from actual system implementation and deployment.

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Ng, Kenneth C. (Kenneth Chei Keung) 1977. "Intelligent information source selection for the Context Interchange system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/80106.

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Thesis (S.B. and M.Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1999. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 49-50). by Kenneth C. Ng. S.B.and M.Eng.

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Shum, Andy C. Y. (Andy Chung-Yat). "Open database connectivity development of the context interchange system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43320.

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Lehn, David Ilan. "Framework for a Context-Switching Run-Time Reconfigurable System." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32300.

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The reprogrammable nature of configurable computing machines has led to a wealth of research in run-time reconfigurable systems and applications. A limitation often encountered in this research is the slow configuration time with respect to the system clock speed. One technique to deal with these configuration delays has been to develop devices that can hold multiple rapidly interchangeable configurations. This technique is known as context-switching. This thesis discusses the development of a framework to support applications which execute on a run-time reconfigurable system containing context-switching devices. The framework is divided into a number of layers: hardware, middleware, software, and applications. The design, implementation, and details of each layer are presented. Master of Science

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Almutairi, Saad. "Modeling security requirements for context aware system using UML." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/10083.

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Modeling in general is "an abstract representation of a specification, design or system from a particular point of view". System modeling is "a technique to express, visualise, analyse and transform the architecture of a system". The United Modeling Language (UML) is "a language for specifying, visualising, constructing, and documenting the artefacts of a software-intensive system as well as for business mod- eling and other non-software systems". UML consists of different types of diagrams such as Use Case diagram, Activity diagram, State diagram and Class diagram. Each type of these diagrams concerns a different aspects of the system development process. Context-Aware Systems (CASs) are primarily associated with Pervasive/Ubi- quitous Computing, which has became most prominent since the advent of smart phones and the inclusion of mobility features in computing devices. CASs can sense different aspects of their environment and use the dynamic Context Information (CI) to adapt their behavior accordingly. Hence, various precis of CI, such as User context, Physical context, Computer context and Time context, play a major role in controlling CAS behaviour and functions. Security is considered one of major challenges in CAS specially because such systems often gather sensitive user information; this information may compromise the security of the system if disclosed to unauthorised users. Thus, the design of a CAS must consider system security as a major requirement. Although security is traditionally considered as a non-functional requirement and is delayed to a later stage of the system development lifecycle, this thesis insists that security must be considered as early as possible because of its high importance. This is also in line with the "secure by design" concept. Therefore, in this thesis the UML diagrams Use Case diagram, Activity diagram and State diagram will be enhanced in order to enable them to model a CAS and then capture its security requirements at the earliest possible stage of the software development process. The contribution to knowledge that this thesis makes is at least threefold, as outlined blow: • Enhancing Use Case diagram notations to express dynamic CAS functional behaviour by showing the influences of CI changes. These extended notations are then used to capture the CAS security requirements. • Enhancing Activity diagram notations in order to demonstrate and clarify the extended Use Case diagram by developing general diagram elements for CASs. This helps to show the data flow during the execution of a CAS function, and then present the security requirements. • Enhancing State diagram notations to depict dynamism and security of a CAS also at this level, and to ultimately support the enhancement on Use Case and Activity diagrams. These extended UML diagrams will be evaluated by applying them to a real- world Case Study to show their practical applicability. The case study is about an infostation-based mobile learning environment. This environment of Mobile Learning (M-learning) is deployed across a university boundary and provides a variety of services such `download lecture' and `do exam' to mobile users. In conclusion, this research proposes and demonstrates an applicable approach to capture and model security requirements for CASs using innovative extensions of existing types of UML diagrams: Use Case, Activity and State.

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Schnelle, Dirk. "Context Aware Voice User Interfaces for Workflow Support." Phd thesis, Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2007. https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/876/1/PhD.pdf.

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Audio is a significant factor in the design of the human computer interface in ubiquitous computing. The characteristics of the medium allow for a hands-free interaction without the need to switch the focus to a display (eyes-free).Moreover, determining the graphical capabilities of the wearable device to adapt the output to the device is not needed. But audio based interfaces are also challenging, since humans are visually oriented. The ubiquitous computing community recognized the advantages of the audio channel, but the restrictions inherent to the medium are mostly ignored. Authors of such systems who know about these challenges often look for a solution by using additional modalities, preferably visually oriented. This thesis analyses these challenges with respect to the human’s cognitive capabilities and shows a possible solution using audio design patterns. Users on the move face additional challenges, since wearable devices do not have the computational power and storage capacity of desktop PCs which are required to use speech recognizers and speech synthesizers off the shelf. Thus recognition and synthesis software running on such a device does not have the capabilities of their desktop size counterparts. Streaming technologies can use high-end voice technology on a server at the cost of network dependency. This thesis introduces a new approach combining both worlds. In order to aid the user best, context information is used, location at first place. The context information is obtained from the current environment and from the task that she wants to accomplish. workflow engines are a standard for storing and controlling tasks as processes. Additionally, workflow engines consider the data flow which is a fundamental aspect of each process. Initial approaches to using context information in workflow engines exist but they lack a reusable concept.This thesis introduces such a concept. The process descriptions in workflow engines are modality independent in order to have reusable business logic. Modality dependant specifications of the current activity reside outside the workflow engine and are stored in a meta format that can be used to address multiple modalities. The user interfaces are generated by code generators at run-time. Current concepts consider neither a separation of modality independent business logic nor do they regard data flow. If a user is working on multiple processes in parallel, she needs support in returning into the context of an interrupted process. The challenges inherent to audio are not well suited to aid her resuming the task efficiently. In this thesis, we introduce a first concept of an audio-only support for task resumption.

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Aswad, Musaab Z. "Context aware pre-crash system for vehicular ad hoc networks using dynamic Bayesian model." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/10240.

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Tragically, traffic accidents involving drivers, motorcyclists and pedestrians result in thousands of fatalities worldwide each year. For this reason, making improvements to road safety and saving people's lives is an international priority. In recent years, this aim has been supported by Intelligent Transport Systems, offering safety systems and providing an intelligent driving environment. The development of wireless communications and mobile ad hoc networks has led to improvements in intelligent transportation systems heightening these systems' safety. Vehicular ad hoc Networks comprise an important technology; included within intelligent transportation systems, they use dedicated short-range communications to assist vehicles to communicate with one another, or with those roadside units in range. This form of communication can reduce road accidents and provide a safer driving environment. A major challenge has been to design an ideal system to filter relevant contextual information from the surrounding environment, taking into consideration the contributory factors necessary to predict the likelihood of a crash with different levels of severity. Designing an accurate and effective pre-crash system to avoid front and back crashes or mitigate their severity is the most important goal of intelligent transportation systems, as it can save people's lives. Furthermore, in order to improve crash prediction, context-aware systems can be used to collect and analyse contextual information regarding contributory factors. The crash likelihood in this study is considered to operate within an uncertain context, and is defined according to the dynamic interaction between the driver, the vehicle and the environment, meaning it is affected by contributory factors and develops over time. As a crash likelihood is considered to be an uncertain context and develops over time, any usable technology must overcome this uncertainty in order to accurately predict crashes. This thesis presents a context-aware pre-crash collision prediction system, which captures information from the surrounding environment, the driver and other vehicles on the road. It utilises a Dynamic Bayesian Network as a reasoning model to predict crash likelihood and severity level, whether any crash will be fatal, serious, or slight. This is achieved by combining the above mentioned information and performing probabilistic reasoning over time. The thesis introduces novel context aware on-board unit architecture for crash prediction. The architecture is divided into three phases: the physical, the thinking and the application phase; these which represent the three main subsystems of a context-aware system: sensing, reasoning and acting. In the thinking phase, a novel Dynamic Bayesian Network framework is introduced to predict crash likelihood. The framework is able to perform probabilistic reasoning to predict uncertainty, in order to accurately predict a crash. It divides crash severity levels according to the UK department for transport, into fatal, serious and slight. GeNIe version 2.0 software was used to implement and verify the Dynamic Bayesian Network model. This model has been verified using both syntactical and real data provided by the UK department for transport in order to demonstrate the prediction accuracy of the proposed model and to demonstrate the importance of including a large amount of contextual information in the prediction process. The evaluation of the proposed system delivered high-fidelity results, when predicting crashes and their severity. This was judged by inputting different sensor readings and performing several experiments. The findings of this study has helped to predict the probability of a crash at different severity levels, accounting for factors that may be involved in causing a crash, thereby representing a valuable step towards creating a safer traffic network.

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Zhang, Wanyi. "Personal Context Recognition from Sensors." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/339993.

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Machine learning has become one of the most emerging topics in a lot of research areas, such as pervasive and ubiquitous computing. Such computing applications always rely on the supervised learning approach to recognize user’s context before a suitable level of services are provided. However, since more and more users are involved in modern applications, the monitored data cannot be guaranteed to be always true due to wrong information. This may cause the mislabeling in machine learning and so affects the prediction. The goal of this Ph.D. thesis is to improve the data quality and solve the mislabeling problem caused by considering non-expert users. To achieve this goal, we propose a novel algorithm, called Skeptical Learning, aiming at interacting with the users and filtering out anomalies when an invalid input is monitored. This algorithm guarantees the machine to use the pre-known knowledge to check the availability of its own prediction as well as the label provided by the users. This thesis clarifies how we design this algorithm and makes three main contributions: (i.) we study the predictability of human behavior through the notion of personal context; (ii.)we design and develop Skeptical Learning as a paradigm to deal with the unreliability of users when providing non-confidential labels that describe their personal context; (iii.) we introduce an MCS platform where we implement Skeptical Learning on top of it to solve unreliable labels issue. Our evaluations have shown that Skeptical Learning could be widely used in pervasive and ubiquitous computing applications to better understand the quality of the data relying on the machine knowledge, and thus prevent mislabeling problem due to non-expert information.

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Sherwell, Brian W. "EXPLANATIONS IN CONTEXTUAL GRAPHS: A SOLUTION TO ACCOUNTABILITY IN KNOWLEDGE BASED SYSTEMS." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3050.

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In order for intelligent systems to be a viable and utilized tool, a user must be able to understand how the system comes to a decision. Without understanding how the system arrived at an answer, a user will be less likely to trust its decision. One way to increase a user's understanding of how the system functions is by employing explanations to account for the output produced. There have been attempts to explain intelligent systems over the past three decades. However, each attempt has had shortcomings that separated the logic used to produce the output and that used to produce the explanation. By using the representational paradigm of Contextual Graphs, it is proposed that explanations can be produced to overcome these shortcomings. Two different temporal forms of explanations are proposed, a pre-explanation and a post-explanation. The pre-explanation is intended to help the user understand the decision making process. The post-explanation is intended to help the user understand how the system arrived at a final decision. Both explanations are intended to help the user gain a greater understanding of the logic used to compute the system's output, and thereby enhance the system's credibility and utility. A prototype system is constructed to be used as a decision support tool in a National Science Foundation research program. The researcher has spent the last year at the NSF collecting the knowledge implemented in the prototype system. M.S.Cp.E. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Engineering and Computer Science Computer Engineering

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Grossi, Ignacio 1964. "Stakeholder analysis in the context of the lean enterprise." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/34797.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design & Management Program, 2003. MIT Institute Archives copy: p. 3-50 bound in reverse order and inserted between p. 2 and p. 51. Includes bibliographical references (p. 148-150). This thesis combines three different areas of study that are very active nowadays: Lean Enterprises, Stakeholder Theory, and Social Networks. Elements from these three research areas have been articulated to produce a methodology that allows for the analysis of stakeholder systems. In order to successfully apply lean enterprise principles and practices the study of the way in which stakeholders are structured along the extended enterprise is an indispensable first step. In a similar manner, stakeholder management practices require the identification of the most salient stakeholders together with their motivations to participate in the enterprise's value creation efforts. Original frameworks and methodologies for stakeholder systems analysis are presented in this thesis. Several qualitative, quantitative and systematic techniques have been developed that allow for the characterization and mapping of stakeholder networks. Among them are models for stakeholder systems representation, a process for the identification of stakeholders, a method to determine their salience and relationships relevance, and several stakeholder network metrics. Also is proposed and demonstrated the use of Dependency Structure Matrix technique for the analysis of stakeholder networks structural and functional characteristics. Some of these methodologies rely on known theories and practices such as social network analysis techniques and other graph theoretic concepts although their combination and further development provide an original set of tools for the analysis of stakeholder systems. All these methodologies were applied to a real case enterprise scenario. The stakeholder system of a relatively small space application enterprise was analyzed and characterized. Several important (cont.) conclusions were derived from this enterprise's stakeholder analysis, demonstrating the capabilities and adequacy of the methods and techniques proposed. by Ignacio Grossi. S.M.

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Lagerqvist, Gustaf, and Anton Stålhandske. "Recommendation systems for recruitment within an educational context." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-42902.

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Alongside the evolution of the recruitment process, different types of recommendation systems have been developed. The purpose of this study is to investigate recommendation systems within educational contexts, successful implementations of recommendation system architecture patterns, and alternatives to previous experience when evaluating candidates. The study is conducted through two separate methods; A literature review with a qualitative approach and design science research methodology focused on design and development, demonstration and evaluation. The literature review shows that, for recommendation systems, a layered architecture built within a microservice ecosystem is successfully utilized and has multiple beneficial aspects such as improved scalability, maintainability and security. Through design science research methodology, this study shows a suggested approach to implementing a layered architecture in combination with KNN and hybrid filtering. To avoid the lapse of suitable candidates, caused by demanding previous experience, this study shows an alternative approach to recruitment, within an educational context, through the use of soft skills. Within the study, this approach is successfully used to evaluate and compare students, but the same approach could possibly be applied to evaluate and compare companies. Moving forward, this study could be further expanded by looking into possible biases arising as a result of using AI and choices made during this study, as well as weighting of student-attributes.

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Lundberg, Kristina. "Rail operation and maintenance in an environmental management system context." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Land and Water Resources Engineering, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-248.

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The Swedish National Rail Administration, Banverket, has the overarching sector responsibility for Swedish railways, including a responsibility for implementing and managing the government decision for an ecologically sustainable development. In support of achieving ecologically sustainable development and fulfilment of the national environmental objectives and environmental legislation, Banverket initiated the implementation of an Environmental Management System (EMS) in 1998. The overall aim of this thesis is to examine the EMS applied at Banverket with regard to the identification and monitoring of environmental aspects at the administrative Railway Regions of Banverket. The analysis is based on a qualitative approach comprising questionnaires, interviews, document analysis and participating observations.Areas for potential improvements are identified. A more stringent use of the EMS is needed in the organisation. Furthermore, a link between activity, aspect and impact when identifying environmental aspects would improve the procedure. Like in other public organisations, the monitoring of environmental aspects at Banverket is insufficient. Introducing indicators and integrating different Government requirements for environmental monitoring into one system, using EMS as a tool would make the system more effective. In the thsesis a framework is proposed for the identification of environmental aspects pertaining to operation and maintenance at Banverket. This framework has an input–output perspective and provides a clear connection between activity, aspect and impact. Furthermore, by establishing the framework on a system used mainly for environmental performance evaluation, a better connection between the identification and monitoring of aspects is created, possibly improving both processes. The framework for the identifica-tion of environmental aspects, as proposed in the thesis, could also be modified and applied in other organisations.A major conclusion of the study is that the EMS applied at Banverket, in its present form, is not an effective environmental management tool for achieving ecologically sustainable development within the rail sector. Adapted methods for identification and monitoring of environmental aspects for public organisations such as Banverket would facilitate the application of EMS and increase its effectiveness as an environmental tool.

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Grødal, Jon Arne, and Frank Gjervik Paaske. "Context-Aware Services in Aquaculture : FiFaMoS - Fish Farm Monitoring System." Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Telematics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-10074.

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This thesis focuses on context-aware services that make decisions based on the situation (i.e. context) of the involved entities. Context may in general be based on user input, sensed or derived (e.g. combination of multiple context entities). The type of such services is vast, but in this thesis the system is aimed towards the aquaculture industry. During the last years, aquaculture quality has become more and more important in the fish farming industry. But this importance has not been reflected yet in using information and communication technologies (ICT). The main problem in a fish farm is that most of them are without supervision for a long time while they are exposed to changing weather conditions. This problem gets even bigger when fish farms are established far from land and often becomes exposed to extreme weather conditions. In order to minimize the consequences caused by lack of information on the fish farm (such as weather conditions and other variables) when there is no workers around, ICT surveillance systems should be used. Context-aware services are perfectly suited for this type of application, and the task of this thesis is to specify, design and implement a context-aware application for the aquaculture industry. This includes a context source application, a context consumer application and a service to be deployed on a context management system. Our solution is named FiFaMoS (Fish Farm Monitoring System) and is based on the APMS context manager. This is a context management system that provides easy service deployment due to built-in support of multiple binding types as well as persistent storing of context. As a context source, an application for an M2M module is developed. There will be one module situated at each sea cage, which collects information like feed level, temperature, pH, oxygen level from the sensors. In addition, the module gets the positioning information for the sea cage from a connected GPS receiver. This information is periodically sent to the context manager that interprets the context and makes it available to users of the system (context consumers). In addition alarms will be triggered if values are out of bounds. It has been developed two different context consumers; one for personal computers and one for mobile phones. In these applications it is possible to view both current and historical sensor values, and receive alarms. It is also possible to alter the fish farm configuration via the PC client. Aspects that will be discussed are the use of different binding types, representation of data when transmitting and storing, hardware choices and various implementation choices. The implemented FiFaMoS system uses web services as binding to get a loosely coupled system, and objects are represented in XML which makes the system easy to alter. Detailed testing has been performed, and the system works as intended.

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Project, ULAN. "A Context-aware Course Management System under Ubiquitous Computing Environment." INTELLIGENT MEDIA INTEGRATION NAGOYA UNIVERSITY / COE, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/10364.

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Natali, Stefano. "Integrating Context Inference and Planning in a Network Robot System." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för naturvetenskap och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-45441.

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Context Inference and Planning are becoming more and more valuable in robot oriented technology and several artificial intelligence techniques exist for solving both context inference and planning problems. However, not many combinations of context inference and planning solving have been tried and evaluated as well as comparison between these combinations. This thesis aims to compare two different algorithms, using two different approaches to the problems of context inference and planning. The algorithms studied are Graphplan, which is a classical planning approach to context inference and planning, and SAM, a framework created by the Örebro University, that uses a temporal constraint-based approach. It will also evaluate the expressiveness of these two algorithms applied to the system. To do so an implementation and test of the two approaches is evaluated on a real robot system. This evaluation will show that SAM is much more expressive in terms of domain definition than Graphplan and that reasoning about temporal constraints could become crucial for achieving a system that can succesfully recognize context inference and plan accordingly. The decision on whether to apply one or another is just depending on the kind of system the user needs. If temporal constraints are mandatory, then SAM is the choice to make; in case the only thing the system needs is a fast algorithm able to always find a plan, if it exists, then Graphplan is a better choice.

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Khan, Nisar, and Fazlullah Khan. "Context based reminder system Supporting persons using Smartphone accelerometer data." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för datavetenskap och kommunikation, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-4766.

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Context: Sensor base data is being used for many purposes in designing various memory aid systems for cognitive impaired people. Different memory aids or reminder systems are based on various technologies such as NFC, accelerometer, GPS and gyroscope. Smart phones are equipped with such sensors and can be used for assistance of persons. In this study we use smart phone sensors in order to design a context aware reminder system to assist cognitive impaired people. Objectives: Different reminder systems, needs for such systems, technologies and models used to build a reminder system are identified in this research work. Ultimate goal of the study is to assist cognitive people in their daily life activities, using available embedded technologies of smart phones. Following objectives were set to achieve the goal of the thesis work: • What are reminder systems and why do we need such systems? • What are the different kinds of technologies reported in literature for reminder systems? • What are the issues encountered by cognitive impaired/elderly people while performing their daily life activities? • How to design and implement context aware reminder system using Smartphone embedded sensors? Methods: Mix method approach is used to carry out this study. Literature review is conducted based on the notion of systematic review. Data is collected through survey and interviews, conducted in south Sweden municipality, to analyze and indentify daily life issues and problems of cognitive people. Experiments are performed in real environment to test and verify our application. We evaluate the performance of activity recognition algorithm, implemented in the application, using Weka. Results: Various reminder systems, their needs and underlined technologies are identified and reported. Activities of daily living and issues addressed by these reminder systems are also identified. Survey and interviews help us to identify issues and problems faced by cognitive impaired/elderly while performing their daily life activities. For example, we find out that cognitive people not only forget their daily life activities but also during performing these activities. Conclusions: Many proposed models in literature are related to each other and use similar sensor based data from various technologies. Based on literature review, survey and interviews we have concluded that context based reminder system is essential for cognitive disabled people. It leads us to design a context based reminder system for android based smart phones. The preliminary tests help us to verify our model but there is absolute need for further empirical verification and validation.

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Aganovic, Dario. "On Manufacturing System Development in the Context of Concurrent Engineering." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3807.

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Alhazmi, Sultan. "Towards Context-based Fatigue Detection System in Vehicular Area Network." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26000.

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Driver fatigue is responsible for up to 30% of fatal car accidents. This issue has been addressed by many scholars in order to save thousands of lives and reduce many costs. The goal of this work is to reduce the number of car accidents caused by mental fatigue or drowsiness. In order to achieve this goal, we propose a personalized Bayesian Network (BN) to detect driver’s fatigue. The detection of driver fatigue is enhanced by combining data that reflects the driver’s performance with context-aware information. The parameters of the system are the angular velocity of the steering wheel, the pressure applied to the gas and brake pedals, the grip force on the steering wheel, weather conditions, current traffic, and time of day. The aforementioned parameters of the network are updated on a regular basis, which makes fatigue detection more reliable. Besides, these parameters allow the system to detect a driver’s fatigue through driving performance which is both individualized and context aware. In our experiment, subjects drove a driving simulator game during six sessions, for a total of one hour. After each session, every subject used the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) to rate her fatigue’s level. The system was trained on the data collected separately from each user, allowing BN to be personalized for each subject. The proposed system showed an average accuracy of 96%, and ability to overcome the issue of individual differences and uncertainties which are involved in fatigue detection process.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'System Context'

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