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Journal articles on the topic 'System design Case studies'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

POYRAZ, Özgür, and Melih Cemal KUŞHAN. "DESIGN FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING WITH CASE STUDIES ON AIRCRAFTS AND PROPULSION SYSTEMS." SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND EDUCATION IN THE AIR FORCE 21, no. 1 (October 8, 2019): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.19062/2247-3173.2019.21.23.

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Ivler, Christina M., and Mark B. Tischler. "Case Studies of System Identification Modeling for Flight Control Design." Journal of the American Helicopter Society 58, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/jahs.58.012003.

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Flight control design and analysis requires an accurate flight dynamics model of the bare airframe and its associated uncertainties, as well as the integrated system model (block diagrams), across the frequency range of interest. Frequency response system identification methods have proven to efficiently fulfill these modeling requirements in recent rotorcraft flight control applications. This paper presents integrated system identification methods for control law design with flight-test examples of the Fire Scout MQ-8B, S-76, and ARH-70A. The paper also looks toward how system identification could be used in new modeling challenges such as large tilt-rotors and uniquely configured unmanned aircraft.

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Pohl, Christian, BinBin Pearce, Marlene Mader, Lisette Senn, and Pius Krütli. "Integrating systems and design thinking in transdisciplinary case studies." GAIA - Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society 29, no. 4 (December 16, 2020): 258–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.14512/gaia.29.4.11.

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In the new Bachelor-level course Umweltproblemlösen (Tackling environmental problems), a part of ETH Zurich’s Environmental Sciences Bachelor’s programme, we teach students to zoom in on elements of practice (design thinking) and to zoom out on the whole system (systems thinking). Participants take stakeholders’ interests and needs into account and prepare possible measures, thus developing transformation knowledge and anticipating their future role as transdisciplinary sustainability scientists.Umweltproblemlösen (Tackling environmental problems) is a Bachelor-level course that carries on a long tradition of transdisciplinary (td) case studies in the Environ mental Sciences curriculum at ETH Zurich. Td case studies introduce students to key features of transdisciplinarity. Two corres ponding learning goals of the case studies are 1. to not only analyse problems, but to also suggest solutions, and 2. to take the complexity of the tackled socio-ecological system into account. In the new course we address both learning goals by integrating systems and design thinking. We present this approach in detail to show how features of transdisciplinarity are transferred to learning contexts. We compare it to the approaches of other td case studies by asking how each interprets and addresses the two learning goals. The comparison shows that the case study approaches implicitly impart different ideas about how a td environmental scientist should support societal problem solving. A key difference to previous approach es is that the new course asks students to enter deeply into the world of practice and the stakeholders’ divergent needs.

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Minerva, Victor, David Sampson, and Herbert S. Levinson. "Employer Shuttles—Concepts and Case Studies." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1557, no. 1 (January 1996): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198196155700106.

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Employer shuttle systems in Connecticut and New Jersey are reviewed. The planning processes underlying system development, the approach used to determine potential markets for employer shuttle services, and service design principles are outlined, and system performance is evaluated. Several case studies are presented, and the requirements for a successful shuttle program are identified as reliable line-haul transit, a direct route to employer concentrations located not more than 20 min from the line-haul transit, a seamless transfer, a reasonable fare structure, employer and public interest and support, and an effective marketing program.

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Medland, A. J. "CAD case studies in mechanical design." Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems 1, no. 2 (May 1988): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0951-5240(88)90101-2.

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Gardner, J., L. Xiong, Y. Xiao, J. Gao, A. R. Post, X. Jiang, and L. Ohno-Machado. "SHARE: system design and case studies for statistical health information release." Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 20, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/amiajnl-2012-001032.

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7

Hager, Triki, Hachicha Wafik, and Masmoudi Faouzi. "Manufacturing system design based on axiomatic design: Case of assembly line." Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management 10, no. 1 (April 28, 2017): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/jiem.728.

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Purpose: In this paper, a combined Production Line Design (PLD) process which includes many design aspects is presented, developped and validated.Design/methodology/approach: The PLD process is based on the SADT (Structured Analysis and Design Technique) diagram and the Axiomatic Design (AD) method.Practical implications: For a purpose of validation, this proposed process has been applied in a manufacturing company and it has been validated by simulation.Findings: The results of the validation indicated that the production line designed by this process is outperformed the initial line of the company.Originality/value: Recently, the problems of production line design (PLD) have attracted the attention of many researchers. However, only a few studies have treated the PLD which includes all design aspects. In this work, a combined PLD porcess is presented. It should be noted that the proposed process is simple and effective.

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Kesseler, Ernst, and Ed G. Knapen. "Towards human-centred design: Two case studies." Journal of Systems and Software 79, no. 3 (March 2006): 301–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2005.05.012.

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Sundstrom, G. A., and A. C. Salvador. "Integrating field work in system design: a methodology and two case studies." IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics 25, no. 3 (March 1995): 385–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/21.364853.

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10

Bust, Vivian. "Case Studies Using Reservoir Characterization To Improve Remediation System Design And Operation." Environmental Geosciences 7, no. 4 (December 2000): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-0984.2000.74002-10.x.

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Demir, Kadir Alpaslan. "Multi-View Software Architecture Design: Case Study of a Mission-Critical Defense System." Computer and Information Science 8, no. 4 (October 13, 2015): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/cis.v8n4p12.

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As the use of software intensive systems increase in our daily lives, the systems are getting larger and larger every day. A significant portion of these software systems in use are medium to large in size and complexity. Most of them are also becoming a part of a system of systems. In addition to satisfying of a set of functional requirements, the users expect a certain level of quality in these systems. Quality requirements are also referred as nonfunctional requirements. Adequate satisfaction of quality requirements can be achieved via a careful software architecture design. Since the quality requirements are multi-faceted, the software architects have to consider many diverse aspects and provide a software architecture solution that can optimally satisfy both functional and nonfunctional requirements. Therefore, such a solution requires a multi-view software architecture design as the result of a careful systematic system development effort. Research reports with detailed case studies are helpful in bridging the gap between academia and industry. Research studies including a carefully designed real-world sample case studies will help practitioners and engineers to understand the theoretical concepts and apply the novel research findings in their practices. Therefore, in this study, we explain the systematic multi-view software architecture design with the help of a detailed mission-critical defense system development case study. The mission critical system in the case study is a Mine Neutralization System for navy mine hunting ships. In the study, we explain the multi-view software system architecture design step by step starting with identifying the system context, requirements, constraints, and quality expectations. We further outline the strategies, techniques, designs, and rationales used to satisfy a diverse set of requirements with a particular software architecture pattern. In addition, we introduce a novel architectural style named as a star-controller architectural style. We explain the use of the style with a related discussion.

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Rad, Alexander. "Risk management–control system interplay: case studies of two banks." Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change 12, no. 4 (November 7, 2016): 522–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jaoc-08-2014-0042.

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Purpose This paper aims to explore the interplay between risk management and control systems in banks, specifically investigating the managerial intentions underlying the design of management control systems. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on 31 interviews with personnel of two banks in a European country. Findings The main finding is that belief systems drive the interplay between risk management and control systems in the studied banks. In several instances, belief systems and boundary systems were operating complementarily. Cross-case analyses of the two banks demonstrate that risk management (i.e. the Basel II Accord) replaced established operating procedures for loan origination and portfolio monitoring at the first bank, whereas senior managers suppressed Basel II to maintain established loan origination and portfolio monitoring procedures at the second one. Originality/value This is one of very few studies investigating the interplay between risk management and control systems in banks.

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Stone, Christian, Michel Donadio, Christian Christodoulou, and Nigel Davison. "Case studies of hybrid and galvanic systems on bridge structures." MATEC Web of Conferences 289 (2019): 03013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201928903013.

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Corrosion of steel in bridge structures is a growing issue worldwide. Case studies of galvanic and hybrid systems show the diverse range of challenges and corrosion hazards that are faced during the design of these systems. Data from these case studies show the effectiveness of this approach. Hybrid systems have been utilised in controlling corrosion during refurbishment work on bridges for over a decade. Galvanic systems have been around much longer. By utilising these systems individually or together there is great flexibility in design. This allows intensive concrete restoration from a hybrid system alongside the maintenance of repairs in lower risk areas from galvanic anodes. This paper presents case studies covering hybrid and galvanic systems applied to bridge structures. Included is a prestressed concrete bridge in a tidal environment, we believe to be the first of its kind fitted with a hybrid system. Tidal considerations and flooding are key challenges in corrosion mitigation. Data shows the systems are particularly effective in these transitory environments reacting rapidly to increased risk.

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Solesvik, Marina Z. "Collaborative knowledge management: case studies from ship design." International Journal of Business Information Systems 8, no. 2 (2011): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbis.2011.041788.

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Goh, Yang Miang, and Qiao Wang. "Investigating the Adequacy of Horizontal Lifeline System Design through Case Studies from Singapore." Journal of Construction Engineering and Management 141, no. 7 (July 2015): 04015017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)co.1943-7862.0000989.

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Yamabe, Tetsuo, and Tatsuo Nakajima. "Playful training with augmented reality games: case studies towards reality-oriented system design." Multimedia Tools and Applications 62, no. 1 (January 12, 2012): 259–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11042-011-0979-7.

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17

Rogers, E., K. Galkowski, W. Paszke, K. L. Moore, P. H. Bauer, L. Hladowski, and P. Dabkowski. "Multidimensional control systems: case studies in design and evaluation." Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing 26, no. 4 (July 30, 2015): 895–939. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11045-015-0341-8.

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18

Smith, Philip J., Amy L. Spencer, and Charles E. Billings. "Strategies for designing distributed systems: case studies in the design of an air traffic management system." Cognition, Technology & Work 9, no. 1 (December 13, 2006): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10111-006-0056-6.

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19

Chang, Shi-Kuo, Wen-Hui Chen, Wen-Chyi Lin, and Christopher Lee Thomas. "Application of Slow Intelligence Framework for Smart Pet Care System Design." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 25, no. 09n10 (November 2015): 1429–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194015400264.

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This article presents the design of a smart pet care system based on the slow intelligence framework for providing pets with suitable living conditions that closely mirror their natural habitat. By integrating heterogeneous information from various sensing data, the smart environment-aware pet care system can adaptively adjust the setting of temperature and humidity that best fits the pet through iterative slow intelligence computation. Simulations of two case studies were provided to illustrate the application of the proposed system for pets such as snakes and dogs. The simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach to the design of smart pet care systems.

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Sü, Zühre, and Mehmet Çalışkan. "Acoustical Design and Noise Control in Metro Stations: Case Studies of the Ankara Metro System." Building Acoustics 14, no. 3 (September 2007): 203–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/135101007781998910.

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The aim of this research is to demonstrate the importance of initial strategies in acoustical design of underground metro stations. The paper searches for practical design solutions by evaluating different materials for providing optimum acoustical conditions in such spaces. Acoustical designs of three metro stations on a new expansion line in Ankara including Sogutozu, Bilkent and ODTU metro stations are presented through computer simulation. Predictions of room acoustical parameters are presented for both platform and ticket office floors in terms of parameters like reverberation time (RT), speech transmission index (STI) and A-weighted sound level (SPL) distribution within spaces. Simulated reverberation times are evaluated in view of legislative requirements. The study confirms the importance of using sound absorbing materials on the ceiling and sidewalls together. The nonwoven material, used behind perforated metal suspended ceilings, has proved effective in reverberation control.

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Sunuwar, Subas Chandra. "Rock support in hydropower projects of Nepal: case studies." Journal of Nepal Geological Society 34 (October 9, 2006): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jngs.v34i0.31876.

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The principal objective of rock support is to assist the rock mass to support itself. One common example is where the rock support system (e.g. rock bolts and shotcrete) actually becomes integrated with the rock mass. Rock support strengthens the rock mass surrounding an excavation by creating a reinforced zone, which maintains the integrity of the excavated surface, possesses sufficient flexibility to allow for the redistribution of stresses around the excavation, and has enough stiffness to minimise the dilation (opening) of discontinuities. Rock mass classification systems are used worldwide as a basis for tunnel support design. The Q and Rock Mass Rating systems have been extensively applied in rock support design on most of the hydropower projects in Nepal. Generic design guidelines based on rock mass classification systems cannot provide suitable rock support for every site. Therefore some modifications are necessary to suite the site-specific ground conditions including local rock mass and geological hazards. There are relatively few tunnels excavated in the tectonically active Nepal Himalaya. Large diameter tunnels in Nepal are commonly lined with concrete whereas recently smaller-diameter tunnels are either shotcrete-lined or left unsupported. "Leaky" lining has been used in most of the projects to avoid the heavy reinforcement needed to withstand the occasional very high external water pressures.

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22

Schnitkey, Gary D., and Steven T. Sonka. "Systems Design Procedures for Farm Accounting." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 18, no. 2 (December 1986): 207–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0081305200006257.

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AbstractThis paper presents a conceptual framework, known as systems development, for designing, selecting, and evaluating information systems. Techniques are developed that aid farm managers in choosing an accounting system. Six farmers took part in case studies testing the selection techniques. The participating farmers exhibited great diversity in the preferred design of their accounting systems and the manner in which they desired reports to be presented. This diversity suggests that system selection is an important aspect of implementing an accounting system.

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Hayes, Desha, and Gibbs. "Findings of Case-Study Analysis: System-Level Biomimicry in Built-Environment Design." Biomimetics 4, no. 4 (November 1, 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics4040073.

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Complex systems challenges like those facing 21st-century humanity, require system-level solutions that avoid siloed or unnecessarily narrow responses. System-level biomimicry aims to identify and adopt design approaches that have been developed and refined within ecosystems over 3.8 billion years of evolution. While not new, system-level biomimetic solutions have been less widely applied in urban design than the ‘form’ and ‘process’ level counterparts. This paper explores insights from a selection of system-level case studies in the built environment, using meta-analysis to investigate common challenges and priorities from these projects to support knowledge-sharing and continued development in the field. Using a grounded research approach, common themes are distilled, and findings presented regarding success and barriers to implementation and scaling. Considering the findings, and drawing on complex adaptive systems theory, the paper posits opportunities to facilitate broader implementation and mainstreaming of system-level biomimetic design approaches in the built environment.

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Ayhan, Tuba, and Mustafa Altun. "Circuit Aware Approximate System Design With Case Studies in Image Processing and Neural Networks." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 4726–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2889110.

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Lun, Guan Chen. "Design and Empirical Studies of Modern Distance Education Quality Evaluation System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 4654–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.4654.

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This paper discussed modern distance education quality evaluation of the status quo. Take it as the basis for building the remote education quality evaluation system. Then I establish a set of index system of quality evaluation. Here, I took advantage of Analytic Hierarchy Process and assigned weights to each indicator. Because the influential factors of Quality Evaluation are fuzzy, I used the theory of Fuzzy Evaluation System to establish distance education quality evaluation model. Finally, with the help of the sample data provided by the combination of case, I had an empirical analysis of the model and improved the quality of distance education methods and measures for the results of the comprehensive evaluation.

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Manwatkar, Sushant K., M. Swathi Kiranmayee, Abhay Kumar Jha, P. Ramesh Narayanan, K. Sreekumar, and Parameshwar Prasad Sinha. "Metallurgical Failure Analysis-Few Case Studies." Materials Science Forum 710 (January 2012): 695–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.710.695.

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Advancement in material science has reached great heights both in terms of development and properties but still failures continue to happen. Failure is often accompanied by economic and human loss. Failures generally occur due to error of knowledge, error of performance and error of intent which comprises improper design and/or material selection, deficiency in processing and assembly. Failure analyst plays an important role in evaluating the causes of failure by using various analytical tools to arrive at the conclusion and suggests remedies to avoid its reoccurrence. This paper highlights the important steps in failure analysis with a few case studies demonstrated. Case studies include the failure of plumbing tube used in engine gimbal control system of liquid propulsion system, where failure was initiated due to process deficiency and its propagation was facilitated under fatigue loading. In the other case study discussed, failure of steel fasteners was due to hydrogen induced stress corrosion cracking (HISCC).

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Polyzakis, Apostolis, Areti Malkogianni, Eli Gomes, and Kostas Zapounidis. "Long-term optimization case studies for combined heat and power system." Thermal Science 13, no. 4 (2009): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci0904049p.

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In the next years distributed poly-generation systems are expected to play an increasingly important role in the electricity infrastructure and market. The successful spread of small-scale generation either connected to the distribution network or on the customer side of the meter depends on diverse issues, such as the possibilities of technical implementation, resource availability, environmental aspects, and regulation and market conditions. The aim of this approach is to develop an economic and parametric analysis of a distributed generation system based on gas turbines able to satisfy the energy demand of a typical hotel complex. Here, the economic performance of six cases combining different designs and regimes of operation is shown. The software Turbomatch, the gas turbine performance code of Cranfield University, was used to simulate the off-design performance of the engines in different ambient and load conditions. A clear distinction between cases running at full load and following the load could be observed in the results. Full load regime can give a shorter return on the investment then following the load. In spite combined heat and power systems being currently not economically attractive, this scenario may change in future due to environmental regulations and unavailability of low price fuel for large centralized power stations. Combined heat and power has a significant potential although it requires favorable legislative and fair energy market conditions to successfully increase its share in the power generation market.

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Cavdur, Fatih, Betul Yagmahan, Ece Oguzcan, Nazli Arslan, and Nurbanu Sahan. "Lean service system design: a simulation-based VSM case study." Business Process Management Journal 25, no. 7 (October 14, 2019): 1802–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-02-2018-0057.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology for using simulation models together with value stream mapping (VSM) for designing lean service systems and illustrate it with a case study. Design/methodology/approach The authors propose a methodology combining simulation and VSM. Simulation models for both current and future states are developed to validate the results of the corresponding maps of current and future states, respectively. Findings The results illustrate the advantages of the suggested design represented by the future state map. Additionally, using simulation models together with VSM for validating current and future states also allows decision makers to perform comprehensive analyses on the system and draw statistical conclusions. Originality/value Although some lean applications in educational services exist in previous studies, according to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first one combining VSM and simulation for the implementation of the lean concepts in the construction and technical services of a public university.

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Williams, Arthur, and M. Akbar Hessami. "Two case studies of cogeneration systems design and economic feasibility." Heat Recovery Systems and CHP 13, no. 2 (March 1993): 167–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0890-4332(93)90036-u.

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30

Wheeler, Robert W., Othmane Benafan, Frederick T. Calkins, Xiujie Gao, Zahra Ghanbari, Garrison Hommer, Dimitris Lagoudas, et al. "Engineering design tools for shape memory alloy actuators: CASMART collaborative best practices and case studies." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 30, no. 18-19 (September 22, 2019): 2808–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x19873390.

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One of the primary goals of the Consortium for the Advancement of Shape Memory Alloy Research and Technology is to enable the design of revolutionary applications based on shape memory alloy technology. To advance this goal and reduce the development time and required experience for the fabrication of shape memory alloy actuation systems, several modeling tools were developed for common actuator types and are discussed along with case studies, which highlight their capabilities and limitations. Shape memory alloys have many potential applications as reliable, lightweight, solid-state actuators given their ability to sustain high stresses and recover large deformations. In this article, modeling frameworks are developed for three common actuator designs: wires, lightweight, low-profile, and easily implemented; coiled springs, offering actuation strokes upward of 200% at reduced mechanical loads; and torque tubes, which can provide large actuation torques in small volumes and repeatable low-load actuation. Although the design and integration of a shape memory alloy–based actuation system requires application- and environment-specific engineering considerations, common modeling tools can significantly reduce the investment required for actuation system development and provide valuable engineering insight. This analysis presents a collection of Consortium for the Advancement of Shape Memory Alloy Research and Technology collaborative best practices to allow readers to utilize the available design tools and understand their modeling principles.

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Buffoni, Lena, Lennart Ochel, Adrian Pop, Peter Fritzson, Niklas Fors, Görel Hedin, Walid Taha, and Martin Sjölund. "Open Source Languages and Methods for Cyber-Physical System Development: Overview and Case Studies." Electronics 10, no. 8 (April 10, 2021): 902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10080902.

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Industrial cyber-physical system products interleave hardware, software, and communication components. System complexity is increasing simultaneously with increased demands on quality and shortened time-to-market. To effectively support the development of such systems, we present languages and tools for comprehensive integrated model-based development that cover major phases such as requirement analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance. The model-based approach raises the level of abstraction and allows to perform virtual prototyping by simulating and optimizing system models before building physical products. Moreover, open standards and open source implementations enable model portability, tool reuse and a broader deployment. In this paper we present a general overview of the available solutions with focus on Modelica/OpenModelica, Bloqqi, and Acumen. The paper presents contributions to these languages and environments, including symbolic-numeric modeling, requirement verification, code generation, model debugging, design optimization, graphical modeling, and variant handling with traceability, as well a general discussion and conclusions.

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Zimmermann, Martina. "Case studies in a physiology course on the autonomic nervous system: design, implementation, and evaluation." Advances in Physiology Education 34, no. 2 (June 2010): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advan.00004.2010.

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The introduction of case studies on the autonomic nervous system in a fourth-semester physiology course unit for Pharmacy students is described in this article. This article considers how these case studies were developed and presents their content. Moreover, it reflects on their implementation and, finally, the reception of such a transformation among the students as well as the tutor's perception. Specifically, the following issues were addressed. First, how were the course unit and, within the course unit, case study components organized? Second, how was the transformation of the course unit from an originally interactive but rather teacher-centered lecture to an interactive course module achieved? Third, how were the case studies structured, what questions were asked, and what were the answers expected from the students; what additional information was provided by the tutor? Fourth, how did the implementation of these case studies work out in the actual course, i.e., how did the tutor guide the students in this interactive session and how did the students tackle the problems? Finally, how was the integration of interactive modules received by the students and what was their learning experience (as assessed by questionnaires) and learning success (as assessed through the final course exam)? Equally, the tutor's perception of this transformation and its implementation is described.

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Mo, John P. T. "Performance Assessment of Product Service System from System Architecture Perspectives." Advances in Decision Sciences 2012 (October 3, 2012): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/640601.

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New business models in complex engineering products have favoured the integration of acquisition and sustainment phases in capability development. The product service system (PSS) concept enables manufacturers of complex engineering products to incorporate support services into the product’s manufacturing and sustainment lifecycle. However, the PSS design has imposed significant risks to the manufacturer not only in the manufacture of the product itself, but also in the provision of support services over long period of time at a predetermined price. This paper analysed three case studies using case study research design approach and mapped the service elements of the case studies to the generic complex engineering product service system (CEPSS) model. By establishing the concept of capability distribution for a PSS enterprise, the capability of the CEPSS can be overlaid on the performance-based reward scheme so that decision makers evaluate options related to the business opportunities presented to them.

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Fernando, Lloyd, and Steve Evans. "Case Studies in Transformation towards Industrial Sustainability." International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science 6, no. 3 (July 2015): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkss.2015070101.

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The paper identifies existing sustainability frameworks that help companies in decision-making, strategy and new thinking. The case studies explore; why the organisation is making the transformation, what is it actually doing and how it finds out what the possibilities are. The paper presents case study analysis of the applicability of the different frameworks for planning for transformation towards industrial sustainability. The paper reports the results of exploratory case studies observed through document analysis and interviews. Cradle-to-Cradle design defines a broad framework for creating eco-effective industrial systems, but for businesses to put this framework into practice they need both the right technologies and the right strategies, which implies a need to collaborate with different actors & stakeholders across the system. It is observed that companies that are willing to experiment, change the business model and work with new partners outside the firm boundary are able to move towards industrial sustainability.

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Mishra, Jai Krishna, C. S. P. Rao, P. S. C. Bose, N. Kishore Nath, and G. Rama Rao. "Experimental Studies of Resin Systems for Ablative Thermal Protection System." Defence Science Journal 71, no. 2 (March 10, 2021): 289–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.71.16252.

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The present work was initiated to finalize resin for the development of thermal protection system (TPS) for the external surface of a polymeric composite rocket motor case made up of Carbon roving and Epoxy resin. The temperature on the outer surface of the composite case increases due to kinetic heating caused by aerodynamic drag and vehicle velocity. These rocket motor casings are functionally required only in the ascent phase of missile trajectory till motor action time and stage separation. Due to which the experienced heat flux is relatively less, and the temperature on the external composite case is in order of 250 °C - 300 °C depending on missile configuration & trajectory, unlike extreme thermal conditions on ablative nozzle liners exposed to rocket motor exhaust. The maximum allowable temperature in the present study for the Carbon-Epoxy case is 100 °C due to degradation in mechanical properties. The thermal protection system on the external surface will function as a heat-insulating layer based on the working mechanism of ablation. The resin of the thermal protection layer has a substantial impact on the manufacturing process and curing aspects, especially compatibility with the pre-cured carbon epoxy case layer. The generation of test results for thermal stability, cure characteristics and Tg for Epoxy resin has also been included in present studies as an additional objective that provides significant inputs for process development. The test results for Epoxy resin is also used as a basis for the finalization of resin for the thermal protection layer for processing aspects apart from its basic thermal stability characteristics. The ablative thermal protection working mechanism is based on the ablation phenomenon. In the case of ablation, resin plays a vital role due to pyrolysis and other thermal characteristics. In the present experimental studies, the Phenolic resin and Silicone resin are considered as candidate resin materials for ablative thermal protection system based on available literature and in house experience. The main objective of the present studies is to evaluate thermal stability, char yield after final decomposition through DSC and TGA techniques for both resins as these are fundamental characteristics needed for the present specific application. The test results for specific grades (formulation) of phenolic and Silicone resins are generated and compared. In the present work, the experimental studies to evaluate glass transition temperature (Tg), thermal stability, and cure characteristics for Epoxy resin is also carried through DSC. The test results of specific grade Epoxy resin provides a basis to assess thermal margins for resins selected for ablative thermal protection system and inputs for process development and design requirements. The scope of the present studies is aimed to finalize the resin system for external thermal protection of composite rocket motor case based on thermal characteristics test results and other compatibility aspects with the structural layer.

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Patchell, J. "Composing Robot Production Systems: Japan as a Flexible Manufacturing System." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 25, no. 7 (July 1993): 923–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a250923.

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In this paper, case-study evidence of the composition of four robot production systems is provided to reveal the linkages between local, regional, and national social divisions of labour. The relation-specific skill epitomizes the sophisticated procedures used to compose production systems, and the four case studies provide evidence of the communalities and varieties of these procedures. The geography of the interrelationships of the vertical divisions of labour of design-supplied suppliers and of the horizontal division of labour of design-approved suppliers is discussed. The cooperation and competition within this social division of labour allows Japan to function as a flexible manufacturing system.

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Liu, Cai Yan, and You Fa Sun. "A Hierarchical Case-Based Reasoning System for Quality Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 20-23 (January 2010): 1015–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.20-23.1015.

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Quality design means designing quality specifications and processing specifications of products with low cost and high efficiency. This paper presents a hierarchical case-based reasoning approach for quality design. The structure and expression of case-base, the hierarchical case retrieval algorithms and similarity computation formula between cases are all studied. Such a hierarchical case-based reasoning method will greatly improve the retrieval accuracy and efficiency.

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Young, Frank L., Alex G. Ogg, and Robert I. Papendick. "Case studies of integrated/whole farm system designs: Field-scale replicated IPM trials." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 9, no. 1-2 (June 1994): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0889189300005579.

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AbstractA 6-yr interdisciplinary field project using large plots was initiated in 1985 to assist Pacific Northwest growers in developing an integrated pest management system to control weeds, reduce erosion and grow crops profitably. Run by a network of 10 to 14 scientists from eight disciplines supported by five agencies, the project showed that wellmanaged conservation tillage systems had a higher average profit and lower economic risk than traditional conventionally tilled systems. Information was disseminated successfully to user groups by field days, plot tours and an educational video. Organizational strategies included an interdisciplinary design with three levels of objectives. Cooperating scientists were invited to participate in writing the proposal and followed strict field protocols and attended mandatory organizational meetings. This long-term study used large machinery, went beyond the transitional stage and allowed treatments to mature. Limitations included the restricted number of experimental variables, the location of the plots, the large labor force required, and publication decisions.

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Mohamad Ali, Nazlena. "Design, Deployment and Assessment of a Movie Archive System for Film Studies - A Case Study." International journal of Multimedia & Its Applications 4, no. 5 (October 31, 2012): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijma.2012.4501.

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Celaschi, Flaviano. "Advanced design processes in some case studies from the contemporary art system: Delvoye, Fornasetti, Rist." Strategic Design Research Journal 4, no. 1 (May 31, 2011): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4013/sdrj.2011.41.01.

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Yun, JinHyo, Xiaofei Zhao, Tan Yigitcanlar, DooSeok Lee, and HeungJu Ahn. "Architectural Design and Open Innovation Symbiosis: Insights from Research Campuses, Manufacturing Systems, and Innovation Districts." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (November 29, 2018): 4495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124495.

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In the age of knowledge-based economies, open innovation has increasing importance. This study aimed to explore the architectural design approaches that can revitalize innovation activities in the era of knowledge-based economies. This paper investigated global case research campuses, manufacturing systems, and innovation districts where architectural design supports innovation activities. This study developed a research framework of architectural design for innovation and applied it in the selected case studies to generate insights. First, the research campuses selected as case studies included Panopticon, DGIST Education and Research Campuses, and Apple Park. Second, the open innovation of manufacturing system architecture was analyzed through the case studies of the Ford Motor Company, Toyota Motor Corporation, and Rolls-Royce Motor Cars. Third, this paper studied the clustered open innovation architectures of Macquarie Park, One North, and Strijp-S Innovation Districts. The findings revealed how tacit knowledge motivates open innovation through the design of manufacturing systems, research campuses, and innovation districts through real examples and mathematical or concept model building.

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E. Fluck, Andrew, Olawale Surajudeen Adebayo, and Shafi'i Muhammad Abdulhamid. "Secure E-Examination Systems Compared: Case Studies from Two Countries." Journal of Information Technology Education: Innovations in Practice 16 (2017): 107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3705.

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Aim/Purpose: Electronic examinations have some inherent problems. Students have expressed negative opinions about electronic examinations (e-examinations) due to a fear of, or unfamiliarity with, the technology of assessment, and a lack of knowledge about the methods of e-examinations. Background: Electronic examinations are now a viable alternative method of assessing student learning. They provide freedom of choice, in terms of the location of the examination, and can provide immediate feedback; students and institutions can be assured of the integrity of knowledge testing. This in turn motivates students to strive for deeper learning and better results, in a higher quality and more rigorous educational process. Methodology : This paper compares an e-examination system at FUT Minna Nigeria with one in Australia, at the University of Tasmania, using case study analysis. The functions supported, or inhibited, by each of the two e-examination systems, with different approaches to question types, cohort size, technology used, and security features, are compared. Contribution: The researchers’ aim is to assist stakeholders (including lecturers, invigilators, candidates, computer instructors, and server operators) to identify ways of improving the process. The relative convenience for students, administrators, and lecturer/assessors and the reliability and security of the two systems are considered. Challenges in conducting e-examinations in both countries are revealed by juxtaposing the systems. The authors propose ways of developing more effective e-examination systems. Findings: The comparison of the two institutions in Nigeria and Australia shows e-examinations have been implemented for the purpose of selecting students for university courses, and for their assessment once enrolled. In Nigeria, there is widespread systemic adoption for university entrance merit selection. In Australia this has been limited to one subject in one state, rather than being adopted nationally. Within undergraduate courses, the Nigerian scenario is quite extensive; in Australia this adoption has been slower, but has penetrated a wide variety of disciplines. Recommendations for Practitioners: Assessment integrity and equipment reliability were common issues across the two case studies, although the delivery of e-examinations is different in each country. As with any procedural process, a particular solution is only as good as its weakest attribute. Technical differences highlight the link between e-examination system approaches and pedagogical implications. It is clear that social, cultural, and environmental factors affect the success of e-examinations. For example, an interrupted electrical power supply and limited technical know-how are two of the challenges affecting the conduct of e-examinations in Nigeria. In Tasmania, the challenge with the “bring your own device” (BYOD) is to make the system operate on an increasing variety of user equipment, including tablets. Recommendation for Researchers: The comparisons between the two universities indicate there will be a productive convergence of the approaches in future. One key proposal, which arose from the analysis of the existing e-examination systems in Nigeria and Australia, is to design a form of “live” operating system that is deployable over the Internet. This method would use public key cryptography for lecturers to encrypt their questions online. Impact on Society : If institutions are to transition to e-examinations, one way of facilitating this move is by using computers to imitate other assessment techniques. However, higher order thinking is usually demonstrated through open-ended or creative tasks. In this respect the Australian system shows promise by providing the same full operating system and software application suite to all candidates, thereby supporting assessment of such creative higher order thinking. The two cases illustrate the potential tension between “online” or networked reticulation of questions and answers, as opposed to “offline” methods. Future Research: A future design proposition is a web-based strategy for a virtual machine, which is launched into candidates’ computers at the start of each e-examination. The new system is a form of BYOD externally booted e-examination (as in Australia) that is deployable over the Internet with encryption and decryption features using public key cryptography (Nigeria). This will allow lecturers to encrypt their questions and post them online while the questions are decrypted by the administrator or students are given the key. The system will support both objective and open-ended questions (possibly essays and creative design tasks). The authors believe this can re-define e-examinations as the “gold standard” of assessment.

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Davis, Michael J., and Robert Janke. "The effect of a loss of model structural detail due to network skeletonization on contamination warning system design: case studies." Drinking Water Engineering and Science 11, no. 1 (May 2, 2018): 49–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/dwes-11-49-2018.

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Abstract. The effect of limitations in the structural detail available in a network model on contamination warning system (CWS) design was examined in case studies using the original and skeletonized network models for two water distribution systems (WDSs). The skeletonized models were used as proxies for incomplete network models. CWS designs were developed by optimizing sensor placements for worst-case and mean-case contamination events. Designs developed using the skeletonized network models were transplanted into the original network model for evaluation. CWS performance was defined as the number of people who ingest more than some quantity of a contaminant in tap water before the CWS detects the presence of contamination. Lack of structural detail in a network model can result in CWS designs that (1) provide considerably less protection against worst-case contamination events than that obtained when a more complete network model is available and (2) yield substantial underestimates of the consequences associated with a contamination event. Nevertheless, CWSs developed using skeletonized network models can provide useful reductions in consequences for contaminants whose effects are not localized near the injection location. Mean-case designs can yield worst-case performances similar to those for worst-case designs when there is uncertainty in the network model. Improvements in network models for WDSs have the potential to yield significant improvements in CWS designs as well as more realistic evaluations of those designs. Although such improvements would be expected to yield improved CWS performance, the expected improvements in CWS performance have not been quantified previously. The results presented here should be useful to those responsible for the design or implementation of CWSs, particularly managers and engineers in water utilities, and encourage the development of improved network models.

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Lee, Tean-Jee, Aik-Leng Ang, and Joseph Santhanam. "Expert Systems for Buildings—Case Studies of Design, Diagnosis, Contracts Interpretation." Architectural Science Review 37, no. 1 (March 1994): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00038628.1994.9697326.

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Deaton, Cynthia C. M., and Jacquelynn A. Malloy. "Making a Case for a Blended Approach." International Journal of Adult Vocational Education and Technology 8, no. 2 (April 2017): 72–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijavet.2017040106.

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Design-based case studies address research questions that involve instructional innovations within a bounded system. This blend of case study and design-based research provides a systematic approach to examining instructional innovations that are bounded by perspective, context, and time. Design-based case studies provide a framework for engaging in iterative cycles of data collection and analysis that are used to determine how, why, and whether the goals of an instructional innovation have been met. The authors note common concerns surrounding case study and design-based research and how design-based case studies address these concerns by building on the strengths of both approaches.

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Yu, Yi Fan, Xiao Ling Liu, and Wen Bin Chen. "Learning Machine Design for Mechanic Fault Diagnosis Expert System." Advanced Materials Research 424-425 (January 2012): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.424-425.81.

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According to the features of fault diagnosis expert system, knowledge was expressed by applying production rule and certainty factor. What lead to incorrect knowledge was analyzed, and a certainty correction algorithm and rule discovery algorithm was proposed based on case studies. A learning machine of mechanic fault diagnosis expert system was designed and implemented by using C++ BUILDER 6.0. That provides technical support for noise control in substation.

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Turnbull, Darren, Ritesh Chugh, and Jo Luck. "The Use of Case Study Design in Learning Management System Research: A Label of Convenience?" International Journal of Qualitative Methods 20 (January 1, 2021): 160940692110041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/16094069211004148.

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Case study design is often characterized as a poorly applied and understood approach to conduct research into information systems. This literature review examined 28 empirical studies of Learning Management Systems (LMS) that were self-declared as case studies. This paper’s main aim was to establish whether these studies actually applied case study techniques or simply utilized the term “case study” as a label of convenience. Alarmingly, more than one-third of the examined articles contained little or no justification for adopting a case study design and did not meet the established criteria for identification as a case study as outlined in this review. The lack of an appropriate discussion on the characteristics and applicability of the case study approach to empirical discovery brings into question the robustness of a study’s stated methodology. It is not sufficient to assume that the label “case study” by itself will portray a universal understanding of the research design of an empirical LMS study. This paper proposes that a robust description of what constitutes a case study in a LMS context will assist in ensuring that future studies on LMS (or other information systems) research that intend to adopt a case study approach, adequately present appropriate justifications for adopting this methodology. It is hoped that our definition and description of LMS case study methodology will serve to inspire further reflection on the characteristics of this robust research approach that might lead to a set of guidelines for applying this methodology to information systems research.

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Lewis, Cathryn M. "Genetic association studies: Design, analysis and interpretation." Briefings in Bioinformatics 3, no. 2 (June 1, 2002): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bib/3.2.146.

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Abstract This paper provides a review of the design and analysis of genetic association studies. In case control studies, the different contingency tables and their relationships to the underlying genetic model are defined. Population stratification is discussed, with suggested methods to identify and correct for the effect. The transmission disequilibrium test is provided as an alternative family-based test, which is robust to population stratification. The relative benefits of each analysis are summarised.

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Machchhar, Raj Jiten, and Alessandro Bertoni. "DATA-DRIVEN DESIGN AUTOMATION FOR PRODUCT-SERVICE SYSTEMS DESIGN: FRAMEWORK AND LESSONS LEARNED FROM EMPIRICAL STUDIES." Proceedings of the Design Society 1 (July 27, 2021): 841–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2021.84.

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AbstractThe digitalization era has brought about unprecedented challenges for the manufacturing industries, pushing them to deliver solutions that encompass both product and service-related dimensions, known as Product-service Systems. This paper presents a number of lessons learned in the process of integrating the analysis of operational data as decision support in engineering design based on the empirical studies from two Swedish manufacturing companies operating in the construction machinery sector. The paper highlights the need to consider a five-dimensional perspective when collecting and analyzing data, encompassing data from the product, the service, the environment, the infrastructure, and the humans involved. Finally, a conceptual framework for data-driven design automation of Product-service Systems is proposed by leveraging the use of these data, introducing the concept of a Product-Service System Configurator as an enabler of design automation. The implementation of the proposed framework on multiple case studies in different industrial contexts shall be considered as the next step of the research.

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YOSHIMURA, Shinobu. "Life Management of Artifacts Using Failure Case Studies and Neuro-based Nonlinear Data Analysis System n-DESIGN." Proceedings of the 1992 Annual Meeting of JSME/MMD 2000 (2000): 683–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmezairiki.2000.0_683.

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