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Balash, Daniel J. "Design evaluation of alternative sonar system configurations." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1995. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10222009-124900/.
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Chen, Chun-Hsien. "Development of a product design evaluation system /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1996. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9809673.
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Green, J. P. "Evaluation of electricity distribution system design strategies." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1997. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.617088.
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Antony, Solomon Raj. "Design and evaluation of a consulting system for database design." FIU Digital Commons, 1997. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1293.
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Database design is a difficult problem for non-expert designers. It is desirable to assist such designers during the problem solving process by means of a knowledge based (KB) system. Although a number of prototype KB systems have been proposed, there are many shortcomings. Firstly, few have incorporated sufficient expertise in modeling relationships, particularly higher order relationships. Secondly, there does not seem to be any published empirical study that experimentally tested the effectiveness of any of these KB tools. Thirdly, problem solving behavior of non-experts, whom the systems were intended to assist, has not been one of the bases for system design.
In this project, a consulting system, called CODA, for conceptual database design that addresses the above short comings was developed and empirically validated. More specifically, the CODA system incorporates (a) findings on why non-experts commit errors and (b) heuristics for modeling relationships. Two approaches to knowledge base implementation were used and compared in this project, namely system restrictiveness and decisional guidance (Silver 1990). The Restrictive system uses a proscriptive approach and limits the designer's choices at various design phases by forcing him/her to follow a specific design path. The Guidance system approach, which is less restrictive, involves providing context specific, informative and suggestive guidance throughout the design process. Both the approaches would prevent erroneous design decisions. The main objectives of the study are to evaluate (1) whether the knowledge-based system is more effective than the system without a knowledge-base and (2) which approach to knowledge implementation - whether Restrictive or Guidance - is more effective. To evaluate the effectiveness of the knowledge base itself, the systems were compared with a system that does not incorporate the expertise (Control).
An experimental procedure using student subjects was used to test the effectiveness of the systems. The subjects solved a task without using the system (pre-treatment task) and another task using one of the three systems, viz. Control, Guidance or Restrictive (experimental task). Analysis of experimental task scores of those subjects who performed satisfactorily in the pre-treatment task revealed that the knowledge based approach to database design support lead to more accurate solutions than the control system. Among the two KB approaches, Guidance approach was found to lead to better performance when compared to the Control system. It was found that the subjects perceived the Restrictive system easier to use than the Guidance system.
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Scott, Mark W. (Mark Winfield) 1961. "System architecture evaluation by single metric." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9755.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, February 1999.Includes bibliographical references (leaf 62).
System architecture is driven by numerous upstream influences. Regulations, market forces, cultural biases, and a variety of other influences can significantly affect whether architecture is successful or not. To be successful the architect must include upstream influences in the design. Few if any architectural methods are available to systematically account for upstream influences. A new method, Evaluation by a Single Metric (ESM), is presented. It is based on fundamental design principles. It enhances the system architectural process by organizing upstream influences that drive architecture. The ESM method is concept independent and used before concept focused system architectural methods. Specifically, system boundaries, salient upstream elements. and functional connections thereof are systematically determined. The ESM process provides a concept neutral framework used to evaluate candidate architectural concepts. The ESM method is very general. It can be used for the design of nearly any kind of system or process. The thesis makes extensive use of a diverse set of examples which highlight ESM advantages and flexibility.
by Mark W. Scott.
S.M.
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Glaze, George L. "Graphic design evaluation : towards a rule-based system." Thesis, n.p, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/.
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Ajemian, Stephen P. "Modeling and evaluation of aerial layer communications system architectures." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/90705.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, 2014.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 90-91).
Airborne networks are being developed to provide communications services in order to augment space-based and terrestrial communications systems. These airborne networks must provide point to point wireless communications capabilities between aircraft and to ground-based users. Architecting airborne networks requires evaluating the capabilities offered by candidate aircraft to operate at the required altitudes to bridge communications among ground users dispersed over large geographic areas. Decision makers are often faced with choices regarding the type and number of aircraft to utilize in an airborne network to meet information exchange requirements. In addition, the type of radio required to meet user needs may also factor into the architecture evaluation for an airborne network. Aircraft and radio design choices must be made under cost constraints in order to deliver capable communications architectures at an acceptable cost. Evaluating communications architectures is often conducted with modeling and simulation. However, evaluations typically focus on specific network configurations and can become intractable when varying design variables such as aircraft and radio types due to the complexity of the trade space being analyzed. Furthermore, the growth in choices for design variables (such as additional aircraft types) can lead to enormous growth in the number of feasible candidate architectures to analyze. The methodology developed and presented herein describes an approach for evaluating a large number of architecture combinations which vary on aircraft type and radio type for representative airborne networks. The methodology utilizes modeling and simulation to generate wireless communications performance data for candidate aircraft and radio types and enumerates a large trade space through a computational tool. The trade space is then evaluated against a multi-objective decision model to rapidly down-select to a handful of candidate architectures for more detailed analysis. The results of this analysis provide effective tools for reducing the complex trade space to a tractable number of architectures to make an informed architectural decision with no prior articulation of preferences for performance measures. For the notional concept of operation analyzed, the number of feasible architectures was approximately 500,000 for each of the two radio types examined. The decision model implemented reduced the feasible architectures to approximately 50 near-optimal architectures for each radio type. From this manageable set of near-optimal architectures, an analysis is conducted to evaluate marginal benefits versus cost to further reduce the candidate architectures to 3 architectures for each radio type. From these remaining architectures, detailed analysis and visualization can be conducted to aid decision makers in articulating preferences and identifying a single "best" architecture based on mission needs. The enumeration of the trade space using the computational tool and multi-objective decision model is highly flexible to incorporating new constraints and generating new candidate architectures as stakeholder preferences become clearer. The trade space enumeration and decision model can be conducted rapidly to down-select large trade spaces to a tractable number of communications architectures to inform an architectural recommendation.
by Stephen P. Ajemian.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Malik, Yasir. "Towards Evaluation of Pervasive Computing System." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6020.
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Résumé : L’informatique diffuse est le passage du paradigme informatique vers l’informatique partout. L’émergence couvre principalement l’informatique mobile et distribuée, les réseaux de capteurs, l’interaction homme-machine et l’intelligence artificielle sous l’égide de l’informatique diffuse. Des efforts considérables ont été mis sur les recherches dans ce domaine, mais il n’existe pas de normes ou des méthodologies communément acceptées pour évaluer ces systèmes et de définir des nouvelles orientations de recherche dans le futur. Cette thèse s’attaque au problème
d’évaluation des systèmes informatiques ubiquitaires. La question de recherche
notamment le quoi et comment évaluer n’a pas encore été résolue. Dans l’objectif
de trouver une réponse à cette question et d’élaborer un cadre général d’évaluation,
nous avons procédé comme suit. Pour répondre à la première partie de la question, “Quoi évaluer”, nous avons tout d’abord classè les systèmes en se basant sur certains critères, et nous avons défini ensuite les principaux paramètres pour évaluer ces systèmes. Pour ce faire, nous avons étudié différents aspects de l’informatique diffuse et nous les avons classés en onze différents aspects d’évaluation. Pour chaque aspect, nous avons identifiè les principaux paramètres qui peuvent être caractérisés et mesurés. Cette taxonomie n’est pas assez exhaustive, mais elle reflète le schéma de classification le mieux adaptè pour des évaluations effectives. Cependant, pour que l’évaluation soit la plus complète possible, nous avons jugé nécessaire d’incorporer l’utilisateur dans le processus d’évaluation. À cet effet, nous avons proposè un modèle d’évaluation qui prend en compte les besoins de l’utilisateur, le contexte dans lequel la technologie sera utilisée, et l’environnement d’exploitation dans lequel le système va être déployé. Le modèle proposè constitue une première étape vers le développement des directives et standards d’évaluation qui peuvent être utilisés peuvent être utilisées pendant les évaluations formatives et sommatives. Une autre question complémentaire à l’évaluation des performances est la validation fonctionnelle d’un système en cours d’exécution, qui confirme que le système est conforme aux exigences fonctionnelles et ne contient pas de failles. Pour répondre à la deuxième partie de la question à savoir “comment évaluer”, nous avons adoptè les techniques formelles de vérification et de validation. Comme le champ d’application du projet est très large, nous sommes concentrés sur l’évaluation au premier stade de la conception afin de vérifier et de valider l’exactitude fonctionnelle de la conception de systèmes. Pour la preuve de concept, nous avons appliqué deux méthodes, dans la première méthode, nous avons étudié les approches de vérification automatique et nous avons choisi la technique la plus connue qu’est le “model checking” pour vérifier les exigences fonctionnelles d’un système de gestion des médicaments basé sur le contexte pour des
personnes âgées dans une maison Intelligente. Cette approche est complémentaire
aux tests et à l’évaluation et permet aux concepteurs de vérifier le comportement
de leurs systèmes par rapport aux exigences fonctionnelles avant le développement
du prototype de système. Certaines propriétés de base, telles que la disponibilité
ou la vivacité, l’interblocage, la comparaison des spécifications et implémentations et
l’analyse d’accessibilité, sont également vérifiées à ce stade.
Dans la deuxième méthode, nous avons étudié les approches de vérification
d’exécution et nous avons adoptè la technique de conception par le contrat pour
modéliser et vérifier la sémantique et exigences de l’interopérabilité des services
dans les environnements intelligents. L’avantage de cette approche réside dans la
vérification automatique en temps réel de l’interopérabilité des services dans les
environnements intelligents. // Abstract : Summary performance evaluations. The proposed model is a step towards forming standard evaluation guidelines that can be used during formative and summative evaluations. A complementary issue to performance evaluation is functional correctness of a running system, which confirms that the system fulfills its functional requirements and does not contain any flaws. To address the second part of the question that is “ how to evaluate ”, we have adopted the well-known formal verification and validation techniques. As the scope of the project is very big, the focus of this thesis is on early design stage evaluation to verify and validate the functional correctness of the systems design. For the proof-of-concept, we applied two methods: In the first method, we studied automatic verification approaches and used a well-known model checking approach to model and verify the functional requirements of a context aware medication management system for the elderly in a Smart House. This approach is complementary to testing and evaluation, it allows designers to verify their system behavior against its functional requirements before developing the system prototype. Some basic properties like the availability or liveliness, deadlock checking, matching of specification and implementation, and reachability analysis are verified. In the second method, we studied the runtime verification approaches and used design by contract technique to model and verify the semantic and pragmatic service interoperability requirements in smart environments. The analysis of this technique and results are presented. The benefit of the approach is automatic verification of services interoperability in smart environments on the fly.
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Gentile, Antonio. "Portable multimedia supercomputers : system architecture design and evaluation." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14726.
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Eakins, John Paul. "Design and evaluation of a shape retrieval system." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2056.
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While automated storage and retrieval systems for textual and numeric data are now commonplace, the development of analogous systems for pictorial data has lagged behind - not through the lack of need for such systems, but because their development involves a number of significant problems. The aim of this project is to investigate these problems by designing and evaluating an information retrieval system for a specific class of picture, 2-dimensional engineering drawings. This involves consideration of the retrieval capabilities needed by such· a system, what storage structures it would require, how the salient features of each drawing should be represented, how query and stored shapes should be matched, what features were of greatest importance in retrieval, and the interfaces necessary to formulate queries and display results. A form of hierarchical boundary representation has been devised for stored shapes, in which each boundary can be viewed as a series of levels of steadily increasing complexity. A set of rules for boundary and segment ordering ensures that as far as possible, each shape has a unique representation. For each level at which each boundary can be viewed, a set of invariant shape features characterizing that level is extracted and added to the shape representation stored in the database. Two classes of boundary feature have been defmed; global features, characteristic of the boundary as a whole, and local features, corresponding to individual fragments of the boundary. To complete the shape description, position features are also computed and stored, to specify the pattern of inner boundaries within the overall shape. Six different tYPes of shape retrieval have been distinguished, although the prototype system can offer only three of these - exact shape matching, partial shape matching and similarity matching. Complete or incomplete query shapes can be built up at a terminal, and subjected to a feature extraction process similar to that for stored drawings, yielding a query fIle that can be matched against the shape database. A variety of matching techniques is provided, including similarity estimation using global or local features, tests for the existence of specified local features in stored drawings, and cumulative angle vs distance matching between query and stored shape boundaries. Results can be displayed in text or graphical form. The retrieval performance of the system in similarity matching mode has been evaluated by comparing its rankings of shapes retrieved in response to test queries with those obtained by a group of human subjects faced with the same task. Results, expressed as normalized recall and precision, are encouraging, particularly for similarity estimation using either global or local boundary features. While the detailed results are of limited significance until confrrmed with larger test collections, they appear sufficiently promising to warrant the development of a more advanced prototype capable of handling 3-D geometric models. Some design aspects of the system would appear to be applicable to a wider range of pictorial information systems.
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Reed, Nicholas. "Development and evaluation of a design support system." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2010. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/271697/.
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This thesis presents the development and evaluation of a knowledge-based Design System. Despite the rise in Knowledge Management research and theories, there is insufficient evidence to conclude if Knowledge Management activities can increase business value. Furthermore, existing knowledge related research was found to insufficiently address the needs of Small to Medium Enterprises (SME). The research develops and demonstrates a suitable knowledge strategy for a design and manufacturing SME faced with a potentially critical knowledge loss from a retiring expert and constrained business growth. The pivotal component of the strategy was the establishment of a codified knowledge base or ‘Design System’, containing product knowledge, best practice guidelines and bespoke design tools to support design knowledge reuse. The system was successfully integrated into the business and a multifaceted evaluative approach applied in a longitudinal study. The evaluation analysed a series of facets including, user behaviour, case studies and financial data. The study found that the Design System led to an increase in business value and successfully protected against knowledge loss. The research therefore demonstrates a successful knowledge strategy that could be adopted by other SMEs and provides evidence of the benefit of knowledge-based systems in design and manufacturing.
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Sanchez, Wilfredo Alexander. "Evaluation of power generation system architectures for manned Mars missions." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/105317.
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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2015.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 59-61).
This work applies a systems approach to architectural definition, development and selection of power generating concepts capable of supporting a 20 crewmember Mars mission by the year 2040. The thesis confirms that current thin film solar technology is sufficient to sustain this mission, given the base of operations is located in the northern hemisphere (20°N-30°N) and is using regenerative fuel cells as an energy storage medium. Beyond those latitudes, calculations for a combination of thin film solar and a nuclear Brayton cycle architecture is needed to maintain sufficient power. The problem definition process is achieved through domain exploration, functional decompositions, and mapping the process functions to their objects of form. The thesis then identifies the constraints developed by the MIT Mars 2040 Project team and develops a sizing algorithm for the combined nuclear-solar systems dependent upon Martian latitudes. The highest scoring site location was Mawrth Vallis (22.6°N) for thin film solar system with regenerative fuels cells that can produce 239 kWe of power. The sizing model developed here is integrated into the Mars project's comprehensive system model, which uses the calculated mass and volume values as inputs for their tradespace designs.
by Wilfredo Alexander Sanchez.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Nouri, Ayoub. "Rigorous System-level Modeling and Performance Evaluation for Embedded System Design." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GRENM008/document.
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Les systèmes embarqués ont évolué d'une manière spectaculaire et sont devenus partie intégrante de notre quotidien. En réponse aux exigences grandissantes en termes de nombre de fonctionnalités et donc de flexibilité, les parties logicielles de ces systèmes se sont vues attribuer une place importante malgré leur manque d'efficacité, en comparaison aux solutions matérielles. Par ailleurs, vu la prolifération des systèmes nomades et à ressources limités, tenir compte de la performance est devenu indispensable pour bien les concevoir. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une démarche rigoureuse et intégrée pour la modélisation et l'évaluation de performance tôt dans le processus de conception. Cette méthode permet de construire des modèles, au niveau système, conformes aux spécifications fonctionnelles, et intégrant les contraintes non-fonctionnelles de l'environnement d'exécution. D'autre part, elle permet d'analyser quantitativement la performance de façon rapide et précise. Cette méthode est guidée par les modèles et se base sur le formalisme $mathcal{S}$BIP que nous proposons pour la modélisation stochastique selon une approche formelle et par composants. Pour construire des modèles conformes au niveau système, nous partons de modèles purement fonctionnels utilisés pour générer automatiquement une implémentation distribuée, étant donnée une architecture matérielle cible et un schéma de répartition. Dans le but d'obtenir une description fidèle de la performance, nous avons conçu une technique d'inférence statistique qui produit une caractérisation probabiliste. Cette dernière est utilisée pour calibrer le modèle fonctionnel de départ. Afin d'évaluer la performance de ce modèle, nous nous basons sur du model checking statistique que nous améliorons à l'aide d'une technique d'abstraction. Nous avons développé un flot de conception qui automatise la majorité des phases décrites ci-dessus. Ce flot a été appliqué à différentes études de cas, notamment à une application de reconnaissance d'image déployée sur la plateforme multi-cœurs STHORMIn the present work, we tackle the problem of modeling and evaluating performance in the context of embedded systems design. These have become essential for modern societies and experienced important evolution. Due to the growing demand on functionality and programmability, software solutions have gained in importance, although known to be less efficient than dedicated hardware. Consequently, considering performance has become a must, especially with the generalization of resource-constrained devices. We present a rigorous and integrated approach for system-level performance modeling and analysis. The proposed method enables faithful high-level modeling, encompassing both functional and performance aspects, and allows for rapid and accurate quantitative performance evaluation. The approach is model-based and relies on the $mathcal{S}$BIP formalism for stochastic component-based modeling and formal verification. We use statistical model checking for analyzing performance requirements and introduce a stochastic abstraction technique to enhance its scalability. Faithful high-level models are built by calibrating functional models with low-level performance information using automatic code generation and statistical inference. We provide a tool-flow that automates most of the steps of the proposed approach and illustrate its use on a real-life case study for image processing. We consider the design and mapping of a parallel version of the HMAX models algorithm for object recognition on the STHORM many-cores platform. We explored timing aspects and the obtained results show not only the usability of the approach but also its pertinence for taking well-founded decisions in the context of system-level design
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Ratnam, Aravind. "A system architecture evaluation of MOBI.E : the Portuguese Electric Vehicle network." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/76929.
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Thesis (S.M. in Engineering and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-112).
Architecting consumes a relatively small portion of the design process, yet the decisions made at this critical stage will direct the overall course of the implementation and operational process. Well architected systems can deliver competitive advantage by delivering maximized benefits at a competitive cost. These beneficial effects are vital in complex systems such as MOBI.E, which is an integrated charging station network linking various points in Portugal that will enable electric vehicles to recharge. MOBI.E's main mission is to jumpstart the Portuguese sustainable electric mobility industry, promoting the integration of the electric power from renewable sources into the functioning and development of cities. This thesis underscores the importance of electric mobility as well as technology trends that will influence the evolution of MOBI.E by constructing a standalone informal primer on MOBI.E. Application of system architecture tools including the morphological matrix to key steps in the architecting process has been demonstrated and evaluations of MOBI.E's architecture have been conducted. Further, a structured framework for architectural evaluation of complex systems, building upon other frameworks in the literature, has been proposed and utilized to critically evaluate MOBIE's current design against best practices in system architecture. The conclusion of this analysis has been that MOBI.E's design has incorporated appropriate technology, minimized future rework, offered flexibility in design & implementation, ensured scalability, as well as helped meet unexpected future needs.
by Aravind Ratnam.
S.M.in Engineering and Management
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Hansen, Joakim, and Jens Molin. "Design and Evaluation of an Automatically Generated Diagnosis System." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-8029.
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Throughout recent years, legislations concerning emission levels for vehicles have become more restrictive and will be even more restrictive in the future. In the recent European environmental standards, EURO 4 (2006) and EURO 5 (2008), further requirements have been added on top of low emission demands. All heavy duty trucks have to be equipped with an OBD-system. Scania CV AB has today an existing OBD-system that consists of several tests. Typically, a test is designed to check if a signal is inside specified limits or thresholds. To improve the system, Scania CV AB and Vehicular Systems at Linköping University have developed a method to design diagnosis systems in an automatic way, implemented in a toolbox called DSAME.
In this thesis, an automatic designed OBD-system has been created with DSAME and the corresponding parts in a manually designed OBD-system have been identified. The two systems have been compared. The result shows that both systems are equally at detecting faults but the automatic designed OBD-system is a lot better to isolate the faults than the existing OBD-system.
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Røine, Per Christian. "Design and Evaluation of a Personalized Mobile Tourist System." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for datateknikk og informasjonsvitenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-14140.
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Smartphones are rapidly evolving, making them powerful devices with many features. Location awareness is one of the hot topics, aiding applications to provide better services to users. A challenge is to combine the large amount of tourist information with the limited display sizes of smartphones. Also, tourists spend a lot of time nding information with little knowledge of their probable enjoyment of these tourist relevant locations. Recommender systems attempt to solve this by using information about users and points of interest. We will investigate several studies that discuss tourist applications.This project presents the Mobile Tourist Service Recommender which is a personalized tourist application introduced by [Wium, 2010]. We have further developed this system, performed thorough usability testing, applied the Mobile Services Acceptance Model, and analyzed the results.The results indicate that the system has potential and is encouraged by the positive feedback from many users. Users especially found the system to be benecial to them as tourists, and that they could use the system during vacations. Unfortunately, the achieved responses were not completely satisfactory to our goals, but further iterations with the suggested improvements implemented will raise the user experience.
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Lowe, H. L. "Design, construction and evaluation of a humanised ADEPT system." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2011. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1318092/.
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Antibody directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT) is a two phase system where an antibody-enzyme is targeted to tumour cells. A relatively non-toxic prodrug is administered and converted to active drug at the tumour. The system is most successful when foreign enzymes are used as this eliminates the danger of endogenous prodrug activation and toxicity to healthy tissue. However, foreign enzymes are immunogenic and this has limited the potential of ADEPT clinical trials. The central hypothesis is that a human enzyme can be mutated to reduce affinity for natural substrate and selectively activate a designed prodrug to provide a less immunogenic ADEPT treatment. To optimise pharmacokinetics, it was proposed that a clearing system was required. Human pancreatic ribonuclease was mutated to reduce the affinity for its substrate and a prodrug was designed for selective recognition by mutated RNase in preference to the wild type enzyme. The proteins were generated, expressed within inclusion bodies of E.coli and additional mutants were tested for efficacy. Prodrug and active drug toxicity was determined and turnover of prodrug established. Various dimers of a genetic fusion of mutated enzyme and a humanised single chain antibody fragment (scFv) to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were created and tested in vitro. Finally, a scFv was isolated from a phage display library for generation into a clearing antibody. Results showed the active drug was >100 fold more toxic than prodrug in vitro and the prodrug was stable. The mutated RNase was 6 fold more specific for prodrug than wild type enzyme and additional mutations did not increase the affinity for prodrug. Mutant enzymes were found to be inhibited by ribonuclease inhibitor and this was addressed by generation of dimeric constructs based on bovine seminal RNase. These results support the proposed hypothesis and indicate a feasible approach to a humanised ADEPT system.
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Verma, Dinesh. "A fuzzy set paradigm for conceptual system design evaluation." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40204.
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Shuster, Samuel Benjamin Fertel. "Design and Evaluation of a Tactile Texture Production System." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2018. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/910.
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Students who are blind or have low-vision (BLV) do not have the same access to graphical curricular content as their sighted peers. This significantly affects their education, particularly in STEM subjects. Introduction of interactive tactile graphics is one of the only ways for BLV students to access graphical content, and is uniquely suited to teaching drawing skills. The goal of this engineering design project was to expand the capacity of printing technology that produces interactive raised-line graphics by creating a system to print textures that meet specific criteria for usefulness. The addition of textures to tactile graphics is essential for the graphics to be unambiguous and to communicate information about spaces and regions. Maps, geometric figures and graphs are prime examples.
The system developed in this project for printing tactile textures was designed as an enhancement of an existing beta prototype printer for interactive tactile graphics co-developed at UVM and E.A.S.Y. LLC. Preliminary experimentation indicated that varying the size of the drawing stylus tip would afford the greatest range of printed textures. Based on this finding, the Texture Creation System (TCS) was designed with this new functionality. This thesis describes the process by which the categories of possible designs were refined and how the TCS - based on a system of interchangeable self-locking tapered tips - was designed, built, revised, and tested.
We developed a set of six tactile textures (the Texture Set) as examples of the capabilities of the TCS. We then designed and performed an experiment in which six BLV subjects assessed the textures based on their Distinctness, Recognizability, and Variability in Degree. In all tests that mimic real-world use, the Texture Set was found to be successful in at least 75% of trials. The design also successfully addressed constraints for speed of operation, system cost, noise volume, and compatibility with the beta printer. The design also met standards for reliability and mechanical strength. Future engineering will be required to add sensors to monitor mechanical operation. Also, larger-scale user testing of the Texture Set (and other textures) will be needed for statistical significance and to provide insight into what objective properties of the textures elicit certain subjective responses, i.e. why certain textures meet design criteria better than others.
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Zhao, Yueqin. "A Downtown Space Reservation System: Its Design and Evaluation." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29021.
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This research explores the feasibility of providing innovative and effective solutions for traffic congestion. The design of reservation systems is being considered as an alternative and/or complementary travel demand management (TDM) strategy. A reservation indicates that a user will follow a booking procedure defined by the reservation system before traveling so as to obtain the right to access a facility or resource. In this research, the reservation system is introduced for a cordon-based downtown road network, hereafter called the Downtown Space Reservation System (DSRS). The research is executed in three steps. In the first step, the DSRS is developed using classic optimization techniques in conjunction with an artificial intelligence technology. The development of this system is the foundation of the entire research, and the second and third steps build upon it. In the second step, traffic simulation models are executed so as to assess the impact of the DSRS on a hypothetical transportation road network. A simulation model provides various transportation measures and helps the decision maker analyze the system from a transportation perspective. In this step, multiple simulation runs (demand scenarios) are conducted and performance insights are generated. However, additional performance measurement and system design issues need to be addressed beyond the simulation paradigm. First, it is not the absolute representation of performance that matters, but the concept of relative performance that is important. Moreover, a simulation does not directly demonstrate how key performance measures interact with each other, which is critical when trying to understand a system structure. To address these issues, in the third step, a comprehensive performance measurement framework has been applied. An analytical technique for measuring the relative efficiency of organizational units, or in this case, demand scenarios called network Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), is used. The network model combines the perspectives of the transportation service provider, the user and the community, who are the major stakeholders in the transportation system. This framework enables the decision maker to gain an in-depth appreciation of the system design and performance measurement issues.Ph. D.
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Derham, Thomas Edward. "Design and evaluation of a coherent multistatic radar system." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446245/.
Full textAbstract:
Modern radar systems are required to perform a multitude of functions including highly accurate detection, parameter measurement, classification and tracking of targets over long distances. These targets may have low effective visibility and exist in a hostile environment of noise and interferences. Significant improvements in traditional monostatic radar require brute-force approaches such as larger antennas and power amplifiers, which are impractical and expensive. Multistatic radar, comprising a system of multiple, spatially separated transmitters and receivers, is one promising solution to this problem. This thesis concerns the design, development and construction of such a radar at low cost, in particular where each dispersed component of the system is mutually coherent and networked to allow cooperative operation and the joint processing of all received signals. The statistical theory of multistatic detection is analysed and processing algorithms are developed for implementation in the system. Models for the predicted coverage of the radar are developed, and illustrations of the system instrument function axe presented based on the derivation of the ambiguity function for a range of topologies and modes of operation. The requirements for obtaining spatial coherency across the system are considered, and methods of fulfilling these requirements at low cost are devised. A complete design strategy for the radar is developed, based on the use of commercial components and open architecture interfaces. The development of each major subsystem is explained, and the construction of the multistatic radar completed. Finally, the system is tested and calibrated, and some initial experiments are performed in order to determine its performance and demonstrate the advantages of this type of radar.
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Sheets, Arlan C. (Arlan Christopher). "Leveraging enterprise architecture to enable integrated test and evaluation sustainability." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/70835.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M. in Engineering and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 62-64).
An analysis was performed to investigate how enterprise architecting methods can be applied to an integrate test and evaluation enterprise and make it a more sustainable enterprise to provide continuous value in the face of an evolving DoD landscape. Enterprise sustainability is the ability of an enterprise to maintain economic viability through optimal resource management and preservation over an extended duration. Through the application of the eight lenses of enterprise architecting, it was found that a more holistic understanding of a Major Range and Test Facility Base (MRTFB) enterprise's current state could be achieved. This approach also supported identifying gaps that exist between the ability of the current-state MRTFB to deliver value and the value delivery that is required by its key stakeholders. The importance of expanding the information view of enterprise architecting to encompass the entire enterprise infrastructure was also studied. Through the expansion of the information view to an infrastructure view, a more complete depiction of the MRTFB enterprise was achieved. The specific importance of the energy infrastructure to a sustainable enterprise was also explored. Through the application of enterprise architecting, the interrelations between the energy infrastructure and the other views, such as processes, services, and knowledge, and the other supporting infrastructure components, such as facilities, land, physical assets, communication networks, and IT networks, can be established. It was found that the energy infrastructure is a core enabler for our technology-based society, and coupled with the current societal focus on green and sustainable energy provides a focal point for enterprises to leverage and initiate transformation efforts to align the energy infrastructure with larger enterprise strategic objectives.
by Arlan C. Sheets.
S.M.in Engineering and Management
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Grammenos, R. C. "Spectrum optimisation in wireless communication systems : technology evaluation, system design and practical implementation." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1394409/.
Full textAbstract:
Two key technology enablers for next generation networks are examined in this thesis, namely Cognitive Radio (CR) and Spectrally Efficient Frequency Division Multiplexing (SEFDM). The first part proposes the use of traffic prediction in CR systems to improve the Quality of Service (QoS) for CR users. A framework is presented which allows CR users to capture a frequency slot in an idle licensed channel occupied by primary users. This is achieved by using CR to sense and select target spectrum bands combined with traffic prediction to determine the optimum channel-sensing order. The latter part of this thesis considers the design, practical implementation and performance evaluation of SEFDM. The key challenge that arises in SEFDM is the self-created interference which complicates the design of receiver architectures. Previous work has focused on the development of sophisticated detection algorithms, however, these suffer from an impractical computational complexity. Consequently, the aim of this work is two-fold; first, to reduce the complexity of existing algorithms to make them better-suited for application in the real world; second, to develop hardware prototypes to assess the feasibility of employing SEFDM in practical systems. The impact of oversampling and fixed-point effects on the performance of SEFDM is initially determined, followed by the design and implementation of linear detection techniques using Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). The performance of these FPGA based linear receivers is evaluated in terms of throughput, resource utilisation and Bit Error Rate (BER). Finally, variants of the Sphere Decoding (SD) algorithm are investigated to ameliorate the error performance of SEFDM systems with targeted reduction in complexity. The Fixed SD (FSD) algorithm is implemented on a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) to measure its computational complexity. Modified sorting and decomposition strategies are then applied to this FSD algorithm offering trade-offs between execution speed and BER.
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Roddis, Roge. "Evaluation of modern control system design techniques for a multivariable electro-hydraulic system." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2000. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20288/.
Full textAbstract:
An experimental apparatus has been developed with the object of providing a test plant, based on commercially available electro-hydraulic components, for the investigation of multivariable control system design methodologies. A mathematical model has been produced for this experimental plant and a preliminary analysis of the plant carried out. A selection of controller design techniques has been investigated. Designs have been produced for two state feedback controllers in which the feedback coefficients were based on LQR theory, one of which used a full order estimator based on a Kalman Filter, the other using a reduced order observer whose poles were chosen arbitrarily. In addition, forward path compensators have been developed using the Characteristic Locus and the Hinfinity/Mixed Sensitivity methods. These controller designs were based on computations and simulations utilising Matlab and a selection of its control engineering toolboxes and Simulink. The completed designs were implemented in digital form and tested on the actual plant. A series of tests were carried out to assess the robustness of the various controllers in the presence of plant uncertainty. The physical plant was modified and the controllers based on the nominal plant model used in conjunction with this modified plant. As a design technique which enabled robustness issues to be addressed explicitly, the Hinfinity approach was used to improve the robustness of the original Hinfinity controller.
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Karlsson, Mikael. "An Evaluation of the Predictable System-on-a-Chip Automated System Design Flow." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-186378.
Full textAbstract:
In spite of hard real-time embedded systems often being seemingly simple, modern embedded system designs often incorporate features such as multiple processors and complex inter-processor communication. In situations where safety is critical, such as in for instance many automotive applications, great demand is put on developers to prove correctness. The ForSyDe research project aims to remedy this problem by providing a design philosophy based on the theory of models of computation which aims to formally ensure predictability and correctness by design. A system designed with the ForSyDe design methodology consists of a well defined system model which can be refined by design transformations until it is mappable onto an application specific predictable hardware template. This thesis evaluates one such hardware template called the predictable System-on-a-Programmable-Chip. This hardware template was developed during the work on a masters thesis by Marcus Mikulcak [7] in 2013. The evaluation was done by creating many simple dual processor systems using the automated design flow provided by PSOPC. Using these systems, the time to communicate data between the processors was measured and compared against the claims made in [7]. The results presented in this thesis suggests that the current implementation of the PSOPC platform is not yet mature enough for production use. Data collected from many different configurations show that many of the generated systems exhibit unacceptable anomalies. Some systems would not start at all, and some systems could not communicate the data properly. Although this thesis does not propose solutions to the problems found herein, it serves to show that further work on the PSOPC platform is necessary before it can be incorporated into the larger context of the ForSyDe platform. However, it is the author’s genuine hope that the reader will gain appreciation for PSOPC as an idea, and that this work can instil interest into further working on perfecting it, so that it can serve as a part of ForSyDe in the future.Även om hårda realtidssystem ofta verkar enkla så finner man i moderna inbyggda system numera ofta avancerade koncept såsom multipla processorer med komplicerad processor-till-processor-kommunikation. I situationer där säkerhet är ett kritiskt krav, som t.ex. i många applikationer inom bilindustrin, så föreligger enorma krav på de som utvecklar dessa system att kunna bevisa att systemen fungerar i enlighet med specifikationerna. Forskningsprojektet ForSyDe försöker lösa dessa problem genom att tillhandahålla en designfilosofi baserad på teorin om så kallade models of computation som via formella bevis kan garantera förutsägbarhet och korrekthet. Ett system designat med ForSyDes designmetodologi består av en väldefinierad modell av systemet som transformeras, tills dess den kan mappas mot en applikationsspecifik förutsägbar hårdvarumall. Detta examensarbete ämnar att utvärdera en sådan hårdvarumall som kallas predictable System-on-a-Programmable-Chip, eller PSOPC. Denna hårdvarumall utvecklades under arbetet med en masteruppsats av Markus Mikulcak [7] under året 2013. Utvärderingen bestod av skapandet av ett enkla tvåprocessorsystem med hjälp av PSOPCs automatiska designflöde. På dessa mättes sedan tiden för att kommunicera data mellan processorerna. Dessa kommunikationstider jämfördes sedan med de påståenden som görs i [7]. Resultaten som presenteras i detta examensarbete föreslår att nuvarande implementation av PSOPC-plattformen inte ännu uppnått tillräcklig mognad för att kunna användas i verkliga tillämpningar. De data som insamlats från många olika systemkonfigurationer visar att många av de genererade systemen uppvisar oacceptabla avvikelser. Några system startade inte ens och några klarade inte av att kommunicera data på ett korrekt sätt. Även om detta arbete inte föreslår några lösningar på de problem som presenteras häri så visar det på behovet av mer arbete med PSOPC-plattformen innan den kan bli en del av hela ForSyDe. Men, det är författarens genuina förhoppning att läsaren förstår de positiva aspekterna av PSOPC som idé, och att detta arbetet kan ingjuta intresse för att arbeta vidare med plattformen, så att den i framtiden kan bli en integral del i ForSyDe.
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Liu, Kaixuan. "Study on knowledge-based garment design and fit evaluation system." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10020/document.
Full textAbstract:
Le design et le bien aller d’un vêtement joue un rôle majeur pour l’industrie du textile-habillement. Actuellement, il apparait trois inconvénients majeurs dans le processus de création et d’évaluation d’un vêtement : il est très coûteux en temps pour une efficacité moindre, il est subordonné à l’expérience des designers et modélistes, il n’est pas adapté au e-commerce.Afin de résoudre cette problématique, trois concepts à la fois technologiques et mathématiques ont été développées. Le premier s’appuie sur l’outil GFPADT (Garment Flat and Pattern Associated design technology) permettant de créer une correspondance entre le style du vêtement choisi et la morphologie du consommateur. Le second utilise l’interactivité entre deux espaces de conception 2D et 3D intégrée à l’outil 3DIGPMT (3D Interactive Garment Pattern Making Technology). Le dernier appelé MLBGFET (Machine learning-based Garment Fit Evaluation Technology) évalue l’ajustement du vêtement par un apprentissage automatique. Finalement, nous avons fourni des solutions de conception et d'évaluation de vêtements basées sur la connaissance en intégrant ces trois concepts basés sur des technologies clés pour résoudre certains problèmes de conception et de production de vêtements dans les entreprises de modeFashion design and fit evaluation play a very important role in the clothing industry. Garment style and fit directly determine whether a customer buys the garment or not. In order to develop a fit garment, designers and pattern makers should adjust style and pattern many times until the satisfaction of their customers. Currently, the traditional fashion design and fit evaluation have three main shortcomings: 1) very time-consuming and low efficiency, 2) requiring experienced designers, and 3) not suitable for garment e-shopping. In my Ph.D. thesis, we propose three key technologies to improve the current design processes in the clothing industry. The first one is the Garment Flat and Pattern Associated design technology (GFPADT). The second one is the 3D interactive garment pattern making technology (3DIGPMT). The last one is the Machine learning-based Garment Fit Evaluation technology (MLBGFET). Finally, we provide a number of knowledge-based garment design and fit evaluation solutions (processes) by combining the proposed three key technologies to deal with garment design and production issues of fashions companies
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Mishra, Pallavi. "Universal artificial intelligence: evaluation and benchmarks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107604.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Engineering, System Design and Management Program, Engineering and Management Program, 2016.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 60-64).
The fields of artificial intelligence has struggled since it's inception about fundamental question of what intelligence means and how to measure it. The underlying issue of defining intelligence and it's formal measure are sensitive issues in human culture, both in respect to humans and more so in respect to machines. Several attempts have been made to generalize the definition of universal intelligence and derive formal benchmark tests from such definitions. In this thesis, we will review the definition of universal intelligence and attempt to aggregate the salient features of mathematically formalized tests proposed for the same. The combined theoretical features for benchmark will then be used to analyze one promising platform - the Arcade Learning Environment (ALE) that integrates Atari 2600 games to test domain independent artificial agents. We will suggest practical ways to incorporate these features into the ALE platform to manage limitations of computing resources used to generate required environments for agents. The limitation of resources is not only a practical constraint but also a factor that should be included in defining any practically useful measure of intelligence. We learn from the exercise that defining intelligence by generalizing it is a self-defeating goal and that, intelligence is best defined with respect to the physical, time and computing resource-related constraint in which the agent operates. An agent with unlimited resources can adapt to infinite set of environments, but there can be no practical implementation of such an agent. Since physical universe itself has limited although large set of information encoded in the environment with a possibly finite set of non-repeating states, in order to be of practical use, the benchmarks tests should account for physical resources as well as physical time. This constraint related view calls for context-specific measure of intelligence rather than a cumulative total reward based measure across a defined set of environments.
by Pallavi Mishra.
S.M. in Engineering and Management
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Unelsrød, Hans Fredrik. "Design and Evaluation of a Recommender System for Course Selection." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for datateknikk og informasjonsvitenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-13914.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis we will construct a recommender system for course selection in higher education (more specifically, at The Norwegian University of Science and Technology). Some of what makes our approach novel compared with existing solutions is that we weight each user in the collaborative filtering process based on their chosen degree subject (major) and wether or not the two users being compared are friends. Also we utilize both collaborative filtering and content-based recommendations in a hybrid solution. Another novel aspect of our solution is that we construct our system on top of an existing website for rating courses. This gives us unique access to a dataset containing thousands of user-ratings of courses.
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Sun, Zhuo. "A fuzzy expert system for design performance prediction and evaluation." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0010/MQ60182.pdf.
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Rashidianfar, Rezvan. "System design of an evaluation aid for jobshop scheduling heuristics." Ohio : Ohio University, 1986. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1183145803.
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Smith, Richard Duncan. "Design and evaluation of a broad-band VLF borehole system." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278520.
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Bae, Eugene. "The design and evaluation of an international plutonium storage system." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8683.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Nuclear Engineering, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (p. 246-250).
To address the proliferation risk of separated plutonium, a technical and institutional design of an international plutonium storage system (IPSS) is presented. The IPSS is evaluated from two perspectives: its ability to address the proliferation risk of excess civilian inventories, and its ability to reduce the threat from excess Russian military plutonium. A systems dynamic model of global plutonium inventories projects a capacity requirement for an IPSS of 450 to 600 MT. A conceptual design of a representative 100 MT storage facility was shown to meet criticality safety requirements for a range of operational and accident scenarios. From an institutional perspective, a hybrid organizational structure drawing on rganizational features of the United Nations Security Council and the International Atomic Energy Agency is proposed as a model for system participation and governance. For political and nonproliferation reasons, a multiple-site arrangement for the IPSS is recommended. The following locations are identified as potential IPSS sites: Savannah River (U.S.), Mayak (Russia), La Hague (France), and Rokkasho (Japan). A set of rules governing material ownership and release conditions is also proposed. Intrinsic barriers to the proliferation of plutonium of the type envisioned by the "spent fuel standard" will not be achieved for many years. In the meantime, primary reliance must be placed on extrinsic barriers.
(cont.) The effectiveness of an IPSS would derive mainly from the extrinsic (institutional) barriers to proliferation it would provide. An IPSS would significantly enhance the proliferation resistance of global plutonium inventories. Several hurdles to IPSS implementation are identified, and a proposal for implementing the IPSS in Russia is described. The total life-cycle cost of an IPSS is estimated at $9 billion (in 2000 dollars). The cost to the U.S. of addressing the excess military plutonium problem with an IPSS strategy is estimated at $2.9 billion, or $4.2 billion if the U.S. covers Russian costs as well. Several financing options are identified. A lifetime-levelized plutonium storage fee of ~$900/kg-year would be sufficient to recover the full life-cycle cost of the IPSS.
by Eugene Bae.
Ph.D.
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Khan, Ahsan Al Zaki. "Intrusion Detection System Design and Performance Evaluation for SCADA Networks." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1575950415516331.
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Daude, D. "Design and evaluation pf a small package sewage treatment system." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2003. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/11354.
Full textAbstract:
The aim was to develop and subsequently evaluate a small package sewage treatment
system that combined the commercial demands of the market with current and future
environmental legislation in the UK. Questionnaires sent to key customers confirmed
results from an initial literature review that non-process related features such as
installation, plant price, aesthetic impact, maintenance requirement and operation have a
similar impact on the final purchase decision than the achievable effluent quality.
Conventional submerged aerated filter (SAF) technology was chosen for its simple
operation over more advanced treatment technologies like sequencing batch reactors
(SBR) and membrane bioreactors (MBR). The combination of SAF technology and jet
aeration allowed the use of an exceptionally shallow tank structure. Two settlement
stages for primary treatment and final clarification completed the new unitank design.
Following successful clean water and field trials of a prototype unit, the new design was
finalised, set-up for production and launched into the market.
A second trial plant was permanently installed at a rural cottage in Cranfield, UK, with
the objectives to validate and further improve the performance of the new design.
Despite high variations in influent conditions, the trial unit produced a good effluent
quality with average effluent BOD s , COD and SS levels of 16 mg rI, 100 mg rI and 30
mg rI respectively, thereby achieving overall removal efficiencies of 95.3%, 86.2% and
88.5% respectively. However, effluent ammonia nitrogen (~-N) levels were found to
be inconsistent varying from as low as 9 mg rI to over 60 mg rI. Similar findings were
revealed from other plants in the field serving domestic and non-domestic applications.
The compact and exceptionally shallow tank structure combined with a competitive
retail price met the commercial needs of the target market, which resulted in increased
sales turnover and market share.
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Daude, D. "Design and evaluation of a small package sewage treatment system." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2003. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/11354.
Full textAbstract:
The aim was to develop and subsequently evaluate a small package sewage treatment system that combined the commercial demands of the market with current and future environmental legislation in the UK. Questionnaires sent to key customers confirmed results from an initial literature review that non-process related features such as installation, plant price, aesthetic impact, maintenance requirement and operation have a similar impact on the final purchase decision than the achievable effluent quality. Conventional submerged aerated filter (SAF) technology was chosen for its simple operation over more advanced treatment technologies like sequencing batch reactors (SBR) and membrane bioreactors (MBR). The combination of SAF technology and jet aeration allowed the use of an exceptionally shallow tank structure. Two settlement stages for primary treatment and final clarification completed the new unitank design. Following successful clean water and field trials of a prototype unit, the new design was finalised, set-up for production and launched into the market. A second trial plant was permanently installed at a rural cottage in Cranfield, UK, with the objectives to validate and further improve the performance of the new design. Despite high variations in influent conditions, the trial unit produced a good effluent quality with average effluent BOD s , COD and SS levels of 16 mg rI, 100 mg rI and 30 mg rI respectively, thereby achieving overall removal efficiencies of 95.3%, 86.2% and 88.5% respectively. However, effluent ammonia nitrogen (~-N) levels were found to be inconsistent varying from as low as 9 mg rI to over 60 mg rI. Similar findings were revealed from other plants in the field serving domestic and non-domestic applications. The compact and exceptionally shallow tank structure combined with a competitive retail price met the commercial needs of the target market, which resulted in increased sales turnover and market share.
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Peets, Sven. "Specification, design and evaluation of an automated agrochemical traceability system." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2009. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/4495.
Full textAbstract:
Traceability through all the stakeholders in food production is an issue of increasing importance, being specifically required by the regulations for food safety and quality (EC 178/2002), and for compliance with environmental protection. The agricultural market perceives a need for systems and technologies to automate the currently manual process of producing records of agrochemical inputs loaded into a spraying machine. A novel prototype Automated Agrochemical Traceability System (AACTS) to identify and weigh agrochemicals as they are loaded into crop sprayer has been designed, constructed, fitted to a machine and evaluated with commercial operators. The functional blocks of the system are a 13.56 MHz RFID reader, 1.4 litre self cleaning weighing funnel mounted on a 3 kg load cell, a user interface with a screen and three user command buttons (Yes, No, Back), and a progress bar made of 8 coloured LED’s (green, amber, red). The system is able to trace individual agrochemical containers, associate the product identity with national agrochemical databases, quantify the required amount of product, assist the sprayer operator and control workflow, generate records of sprayer inputs and interoperate with (recommending extensions to) task management standards as set out in ISO 11783-10. The evaluation of the quantity weighing has demonstrated that with such a system, the principal noise component is in the range of 33–83 Hz, induced by the operating tractor engine. A combined 3 Hz low pass digital filter with a second stage rolling mean of 5 values improves performance to allow a practical resolution of 1 gram (engine switched off) to 3.6 grams (sprayer fully operational) with a response appropriate to suit human reaction time. This is a significant improvement over the ±10 grams of the work of Watts (2004). An experiment with 10 sprayer operators has proved that in the majority of cases (92%) an accuracy equal or better than ±5% is achieved regardless of dispensing speed. The dispensed amounts (100.36% of target) and recorded (100.16%) are in accordance with prescribed values (100%; LSD(5%) 2.166%), where amounts dispensed by manual methods (92.61%) differ significantly from prescribed and recorded value (100%). The AACTS delivers a statistically similar work rate (211.8 s/task) as manual method (201.3 s/task; Δt = 10.5 s/task; LSD(5%) 28.2 s/task) in combined loading and recording cycle. Considering only the loading time (181.2 s/task) of manual method, the difference is 30.6 s/task (LSD(5%) 30.1 s/task). In practice this difference is believed to be marginal compared to the time required to load the water, random external events during the spraying session and in time moving, checking and storing paper records. The integrated weighing funnel concept is another significant improvement over previous work. Using this system, the mean duration of measuring per container for all tasks (34.0 s) is approximately half the time (68.5 s) achieved by Watts (2004). The AACTS was rated to be safer than the manual method regarding operator health and safety and risk of spillage. All operators who evaluated the AACTS were interested in purchasing such a system. The work confirmed that an RFID system was an appropriate media for agrochemical identification performing more than 250 product identification operations during operator tests without failure, with a speed of operation <1 s per cycle and reading distance of 100 mm. A specific format for RFID tag data is proposed for adoption, using low cost tags, that combines item level traceability with identification of products independently without access to worldwide databases. The AACTS follows ISO 11783 task management logic where a job is defined in a prepared electronic task file. It is proposed to extend the ISO 11783-10 task file to integrate the records provided by AACTS by handling the tank loads as individual products resulting from loading task and allocating them to spraying tasks. It is recommended to produce a production prototype following the design methodology, analysis techniques and performance drivers presented in this work and develop the features of user interface and records of tank content into software for ISO 11783-10 cabin task controller to deliver business benefits to the farming industry. The results with RFID encourage the adoption of RFID labelling of agrochemical containers. The reader may wish to read this thesis in parallel with Gasparin (2009) who has considered the business and industry adoption aspects of the AACTS.
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Yanhong, Kou, Yang Dongkai, and Zhang Qishan. "AN INTEGRATED DESIGN, TEST AND EVALUATION SYSTEM FOR GPS RECEIVER." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606707.
Full textAbstract:
International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 20-23, 2003 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaAn integrated design, Test and Evaluation (T&E) system for GPS receiver is proposed in the paper, which can perform T&E early in R&D cycle, and combine new designs into a conceptual GPS receiver directly. The flowchart of its development mode is given. The architectures of the system, especially of the signal-computing software are described with frame diagrams. The mathematical models of three reference points are derived, with the impact of oscillator errors modeled. Future plans and further developments are also discussed.
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Nwakacha, Valentine. "The design and evaluation of a novel vehicle navigation system." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/14272/.
Full textAbstract:
Vehicle Satellite Navigation Systems are commonplace but from a safety point of view, can be problematic. They are situated on small screens and often placed at an angle which is not in the driver’s field of view. This promotes glances away from the road and reduces situational awareness for events which occur. Audio commands and visual maps which are used to instruct drivers typically require translation to situationally meaningful actions before execution in the real world. This increases the driver’s workload and risk of distraction. A virtual car head-up display concept which is novel to this thesis is introduced. The design was motivated by issues in the literature regarding workload and risk of distraction and was shaped using a field study. Also, as head-up displays are becoming common in new vehicles, the benefits they offer have been explored in the design of the virtual car head-up display. Navigation instructions would be embedded in a familiar object to the driver; a car image, to support driving practices (e.g. indicating, lane positioning and turning) which are absent in the abstract commands and visual maps employed by vehicle satellite navigation systems. The navigation instructions used by the virtual car head-up display are easy to understand and can reduce the processing times for the instructions. For example, rather than translate audio commands e.g. “after 200 yards turn left”, the driver sees the virtual car indicate left 200 yards from the turn and sees it turn left on arrival at the turn. Also, rather than translate complex visual maps, the driver replicates the actions of the virtual car. An initial prototype for the virtual car head-up display was designed after which usability evaluation was carried out in a driving simulator to refine the concept. The first two studies were part of the design process and involved assessing the feasibility and conformity of the virtual car head-up display. It was found that the virtual car head-up display was an intelligible way to present the navigation instructions to drivers and that it was better to conform the virtual car to the external environment. The third study compared the prototype of the virtual car head-up display with the prototype of an arrow head-up display and vehicle satellite navigation system. It was found that the virtual car head-up display had the least workload and risk of distraction and was the easiest to use. A synthesis of the research work is provided which outlines the key contributions to research.
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Montoya, Mario 1978. "On developing business architectures : a multi-framework evaluation of an early-stage enterprise." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59261.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M. in System Design and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2010.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 193-196).
Early-stage enterprises are characterized by leveraging limited resources during periods of accelerating industry growth and relatively high uncertainty. This thesis is an examination of an early-stage enterprise within the medical technology industry using multiple frameworks. In addition to the standard Lean Advancement Initiative (LAI) suite of tools, the enterprise will be evaluated using Nightingale and Rhodes' eight Enterprise Architecture (EA) views, Kaplan's Balanced Scorecard (BSC), McKinsey's 7S framework, and Grave's Spiral Dynamics. Moreover, this thesis includes a practical examination of the current state using the framework developed by Piepenbrock's doctoral thesis that introduced the notion of modular versus integral enterprise architectures. A transformation plan is proposed based on the firm's current state and preferred future state based on insights from the various self-assessments and prevailing corporate strategy. The transformation plan is also informed by the author's perceived receptivity, commitment and need for change of the organization. The case organization's current state is described in general terms to protect the company's identity since the material presented includes portions of their corporate strategy and source of competitive advantage. Recognizing that all competitive advantage is temporary, considerable care has been exercised to balance the relevance of the research with the privacy needs of the organization.
by Mario Montoya, Jr..
S.M.in System Design and Management
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Mamas, Evangelos. "Collection, evaluation, and diffusion of information in online communities." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35108.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, February 2006.Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-57).
In this thesis, I study a number of online information communities to understand how open practices are currently used in supporting community functions. By examining how communities operate, I hope to provide individuals and corporations interested in creating such communities with a good starting point. The communities examined, some corporate and some user sponsored, share different types of information and have different intents. I analyzed the communities in terms of their openness in the following three major community functions: information collection, information evaluation, and information diffusion. The benefits and challenges of open practices are discussed and the tradeoffs involved in selecting the most appropriate practice for each major community function are presented.
by Evangelos Mamas.
S.M.
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Mootoo, Dexter Myles. "Evaluation of design and operating criteria for production system design and it constituent levels." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/43423.
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Abdo, Nawar. "Modularization and evaluation of vehicle’s electrical system." Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Avd.), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-246325.
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Modularization is a strategy used by many companies, to help them provide their customers with a high variety of customized products efficiently. This is done through the customization of different independent modules, which are connected by standardized interfaces that are shared throughoutthe entire module variety. Scania, being one of the large companies that provide modular products, has been successfully improving their modularization concepts for many years, and is one of the most iconic companies when it comes to modularization of buses, trucks and engines. But with the increasing need ofelectronics integrated in the vehicles, it is becoming more and more important to modularize the electrical system. There is currently an existing, modularized, product architecture for the electrical system, and Scania wants to know how well modularized it is, as there is no unified way that indicates what is considered to be the better solution.To analyze the current state of the electrical system, a systematic method of modularization was used, which would help answer three important questions: Are the modules well defined? Is there a way to systematically compare alternative solutions? What criteria are more important to focus on? Since there is no unified way of modularization, many modularization methods have been created, and each one has been optimized for a certain purpose. This project compares three different modularization methods and then uses one of the methods which is deemed to be the preferred method to help provide the answers that the company seeks when investigating the modularity of the electrical system. As the electrical system is very complex, and the project has limited amount of resources, it was decided to choose one of the control units as an example, which was the APS (air processing system). The literature study showed that the most rewarding method to use was the MFD (Module Function Deployment), as it provides more information about the product and what criteria the company should focus on. It was then decided to use the relevant steps in MFD to analyze the state of the APS as an example of how this method works.Modularisering är en strategi som används av många företag, för att hjälpa dem att erbjuda sina kunder en mängd olika anpassade produkter på ett effektivt sätt. Detta görs genom anpassning av olika oberoende moduler, som är kopplade med standardiserade gränssnitt som utnyttjas av alla modulvarianterna. Scania, som är ett av de stora företagen som erbjuder modulariserade produkter, har framgångsrikt förbättrat sina modulariseringskoncept under många år och är ett av de mest ikoniska företagen närdet gäller modularisering av bussar, lastbilar och motorer. Men med det ökande behovet av elektronik integrerad i fordonen blir det allt viktigare att modularisera det elektriska systemet. Det finns för närvarande en befintlig, modulär produktarkitektur för det elektriska systemet, och Scania vill veta hur väl modulariserat det är, eftersom det inte finns något enat sätt som anger vad som anses vara den bättre lösningen. För att analysera det elektriska systemets nuvarande tillstånd, måste en systematisk metod förmodularisering användas, vilket skulle hjälpa till att svara på tre viktiga frågor: Är modulerna väldefinierade? Finns det ett sätt att systematiskt jämföra alternativa lösningar? Vilka kriterier är viktigare att fokusera på? Eftersom det inte finns något enhetligt sätt att modularisera har många modulariseringsmetoder skapats, och var och en har optimerats för ett visst ändamål. I projektet jämförs tre olika modulariseringsmetoder och använder sedan en av de metoder som anses vara den föredragna metoden för att hjälpa till att ge svaren som företaget söker när man undersöker modulariteten hos det elektriska systemet. Eftersom det elektriska systemet är väldigt komplext och projektet har begränsat antal resurser beslutades det att välja en av kontrollenheterna som ett exempel, vilket var APS (luftbehandlingssystem). Litteraturstudien visade att den mest givande metoden att använda var MFD (Module FunctionDeployment), eftersom det ger mer information om produkten och vilka kriterier företaget ska fokusera på. Det bestämdes sedan att använda de relevanta stegen i MFD för att analysera APS tillståndet som ett exempel på hur den här metoden fungerar.
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Whitman, Eric S. 1969. "A case study of human factors evaluation in aircraft system certification." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/91752.
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Huang, I. Ping, and 黃逸平. "Wireless Communication System Design and Evaluation for Unmanned Aircraft Systems." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01620423156765791507.
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碩士國立清華大學
電機工程學系
104
Nowadays, unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) are becoming popular and find their places not only in military applications but also civilian ones. For example, they can be used in the search and rescue, real-time surveillance, reconnaissance operations, traffic monitoring, hazardous site inspection, range extension, and even agriculture field. In this thesis, we aim to design a communication system for UAS. The target vehicle is a median unmanned aircraft with a wingspan of 6 m and the application is that the aircraft transmits the video filmed by the equipped camera to the ground station during the flight within a distance of 100 km. The maximum cruise speed is 200 km per hour and a data rate of 4 Mbps is required for the quality of the video. First, we define aeronautical channel models and analyze the link budget. Then, an OFDM based communication design process is presented, featuring robustness against Doppler frequency which is 277.8 Hz at the maximum speed 200 km/h of the aircraft and transmission in a long distance within 100 km. The OFDM system with the FFT size of 512 has a large subcarrier spacing 15.6 kHz and with the dense arrangement of pilots and the long duration of the cyclic prefix 16 μs, the system is robust in doubly dispersive channels. The proposed transceiver has one transmit antenna and two receive antennas which are used to perform maximal ratio combining. A concatenation of Reed Solomon (255, 239) codes and 1/2-rate convolutional codes is adopted to further enhance performance. Timing and frequency synchronization are also included. The required data rate is achieved in a bandwidth of 8 MHz, and the system margin is about 5.25 dB when a transmit power of 20 W is applied.
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Liu, Jung-Shian, and 呂忠憲. "Design and Evaluation of Focused Crawling System." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04879051133270083242.
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碩士國立中正大學
資訊工程研究所
90
The enormous growth of the world wide web in the recent years has made it important to perform resource discovery efficiently. In this thesis, we develop and evaluate approaches for focused crawling whose objective is to crawl particular topical portions of the World Wide Web quickly without having to visit all web pages. Our approach is based on the assumption that similar pages have links pointing to related pages. We propose oredering strstegies that combine information from page contents, hyperlinks, query words and context graphs. Experiments show that our approach can obtain relevant pages faster than BFS and focused crawler using solely context graphs.
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CHANG, TENG-FU, and 張登富. "Design and Evaluation of Dynamic Sitting System." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/u558xw.
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LIN, XIN-YING, and 林欣螢. "Comprehensive Evaluation Index System of Universal Design." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99649091598518726294.
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碩士佛光大學
產品與媒體設計學系
105
Economic prosperity and rapid concentration of population and industry activities in urban areas have resulted in overexploitation of land resources, environmental pollution, rapid declining of green resources and ecological imbalances in urban environment. As the pace of urbanization accelerates with modernization of transportation vehicles, quality of living environment in urban areas has gradually deteriorated. On the other hand, increased national income and more efficient transportation system have also allowed people to pursue better quality of life, which has led to higher demand for leisure resources. Therefore, greening projects carried out by the Construction and Planning Agency under the Ministry of Interior in parks and urban area is an important quality of life index. Parks in urban area are one of the most important parts in an urban development as they can provide relaxing environment for urban residents, help them relieve stress in modern society, offer the space needed for leisure, sport and sightseeing activities, beautify city landscape, create green scenery and decorate city streets. In an aging society with low birth rate, it is important to design and put up sports park signs that are “friendly” to everyone in order address changing public needs. Such design shall take basic and general needs for leisure activities into consideration based on “user-friendly” principles and universal design concept. The study explores the principles and applications of universal design and sign design with literature review and assesses sports park signs with universal design criteria developed by experts. Grey analytic hierarchical analysis was conducted for rating and assessment of current sports park signs. The experiment results showed that identificational signs received the highest rating, while informational signs received the lowest. Suggestion put forward in this study for optimization of sports park sign design is adequate consideration of demographic characteristics of different user groups based on universal design principles, in order to design park signs that are more user-friendly and better meet their needs for ease and comfort.
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Wu, Chia-shen, and 吳嘉生. "Turbo Code System Design and Performance Evaluation." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43201490846721823284.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
電子工程系
102
Turbo code is a channel coding techniques with a strong ability to correct errors in a limited degree of complexity. It can achieve the effect of the Shannon limit in an iterative method . This thesis uses the additive soft-input and soft-output modules to simulate digital communication with turbo code. We also discuss that the quantization values of the turbo decoder is in the white Gaussian noise. The thesis mainly is to investigate the recursive systematic convolution code of the turbo code. We use the Log-MAP algorithm in the white noise channel environment to change the code rate, the generator polynomial and modulation type. What is the effect in the overall signal transmission? The numerical results show that in the condition of signal to noise ratio (Eb / No) of less than 2, 4 or more iterations, increasing the turbo code rate can obtain better bit error rate. It can be improved in the low SNR to maintain the transmission quality of the system.
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Masnavi, Ehsan. "A Vibrotactile Display Design, evaluation and Fabrication." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5951.
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Vision and audition are the two best understood modalities which humans use to interact with the outside world. These modalities can provide highly precise spatial and temporal information. Thus, the field of human-computer interface design has focused much of their study and design on these modalities. On the other hand, the sense of touch has been largely ignored despite the fact that it is an essential part of human ability to interact with the environment.
We are interested to identify key findings on how to use tactile technology effectively to design and fabricate a tactile interface. We intend to design a wearable tactile interface which can assist Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) operators in supervisory control and monitoring tasks.
Tactile displays are usually comprised of vibratory stimulators which are arranged in specific formation based on the application of the display. Quantitative properties of a vibrating tactor which was used as the vibratory stimulator in our tactile interface were investigated and evaluated in this study. We executed a series of experiments to investigate the intensity of vibrations that the vibrating tactor can generate when it is being activated through different electrical signals. Driving signals were different in terms of waveform, frequency and amplitude.
By applying the outcomes of our experiments, and using the available guidelines for the design of tactile displays, we proposed some methods for displaying flight dynamics (Roll, Pitch and Yaw) of a UAV through a tactile display which is structured in form of a vest. Due to the relative infancy of this branch of information presentation, and also the lack of thorough discussion within the scientific community we need to execute further experiments to evaluate the performance of the suggested tactile display.
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Lin, Jheng-Yao, and 林政曜. "System design and performance evaluation for broadband wireless communication system." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15339400479460870992.
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博士淡江大學
電機工程學系博士班
100
In this dissertation it consists of three parts to discuss System design and performance evaluation for broadband wireless communication system. In the first part we discuss the sources of interferences and their effect on the system performance in the transmission of pilot signals in the uplink and downlink (UL/DL) control channels. Square and line type pilot patterns are considered. Then in communication paths between an MS and various BSs, including a desired path between the MS and the desired BS and many interference paths between the MS and other BSs, then when we assign different weight to each interference pilot type the resulting system interference will be lower than the interference induced in the system in which a common and equal weight is assigned to all pilots. In the second part of this dissertation it involves the estimation of channel impulse response; we first insert various types of pilots at pre-determined locations of the physical Resource Block in IEEE 802.16m to estimate the channel impulse responses at these locations and then use certain linear interpolation techniques to find the channel impulse responses at other locations. In the channel impulse response estimation both the Least Square (LS) and the Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) algorithms are considered. Various pilot structures have been proposed for 2x2 MIMO OFDM systems and the system performances in terms of bit error rate (BER) have been simulated and evaluated from the estimated channel impulse responses when an mobile user moves at speeds of 3 km/hr, 120 km/hr and 350 km/hr. In the last part of this dissertation we consider in the next generation wireless communication system in the implementation of coordination scheme among base stations to improve the system bandwidth utilization efficiency; simultaneously we also consider the situation when it includes Femto cells or Repeaters in the base station coverage areas. We discuss the basic characteristics of Femto cells and Repeaters; explore the possible overall system structures and the possible channel models. With simulation evaluations we find the system capacity, bandwidth utilization when Femto cells are deployed or Repaeters are installed and compare these system performances with those systems without Femto cells or Repeaters included.