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Oeste-Reiß, Sarah, Eva Bittner, Izabel Cvetkovic, Andreas Günther, Jan Marco Leimeister, Lucas Memmert, Anja Ott, Bernhard Sick, and Kathrin Wolter. "Hybride Wissensarbeit." Informatik Spektrum 44, no. 3 (April 30, 2021): 148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00287-021-01352-0.
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ZusammenfassungAufgrund der Fortschritte im Bereich der künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) ergeben sich neue Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten zur Reorganisation von Wissensarbeit an der Schnittstelle von Menschen und Maschine. Durch die Verschmelzung von menschlicher und künstlicher Intelligenz können komplementäre Stärken zum Lösen von Arbeitsaufgaben gebündelt werden. Neuartige Wissensarbeitssysteme sind erforderlich, die Wissensarbeitende sowohl bei der Ausübung von Routineaufgaben als auch Nichtroutineaufgaben unterstützen.Der Schlagwortartikel umreißt die Grundlagen von Wissensarbeit und arbeitet die Charakteristika von Routineaufgaben und Nichtroutineaufgaben innerhalb von Arbeitsprozessen auf. Es werden Grenzen klassischer IT-gestützter Wissensarbeitssysteme als Werkzeuge umrissen, die Wissensarbeitende im Arbeitsprozess unterstützen. Aufbauend darauf diskutiert der Artikel, dass technologische Fortschritte eine arbeitsprozessintegrierte und personalisierte Unterstützung von Wissensarbeitenden erlauben. Dazu verweist der Artikel auf die Charakteristika von kollaborativ interaktiv lernenden Systemen. Darauf aufbauend werden Hybride Wissensarbeitssysteme vorgestellt, die sowohl das KI-unterstützte menschliche Lernen als auch das Mensch-unterstützte maschinelle Lernen unterstützen. In diesem Zusammenhang beschreibt der Artikel definitorische Grundlagen von menschlicher, künstlicher und hybrider Intelligenz, stellt drei Archetypen von Mensch-Maschine-Aufgaben innerhalb von hybriden Wissensarbeitssystemen vor und umreißt drei Gestaltungsdimensionen solcher Systeme. Mittels eines Praxisbeispiels zum kollaborativen Schreiben von Journalist*innen beschreibt der Artikel exemplarisch die hybride Wissensarbeit. Der Artikel schließt mit einem Ausblick auf zukünftige Forschungsbedarfe.
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Schori, Markus, Thomas J. Böhme, Uwe Becker, and Matthias Schultalbers. "Verfahren zur Lösung von hybriden Optimalsteuerungsproblemen und deren Anwendung auf den Betrieb von Hybridfahrzeugen." at – Automatisierungstechnik 61, no. 12 (December 1, 2013): 831–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1524/auto.2013.1041.
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Zusammenfassung In diesem Beitrag werden Algorithmen zur Approximation einer Lösung von Optimalsteuerungsproblemen (OSP) für hybride Systeme vorgeschlagen. Die Algorithmen eignen sich dabei für hybride OSPs unterschiedlicher Komplexität. Ein Beispiel für ein solches hybrides System stellen parallele Hybridfahrzeuge dar, die sowohl kontinuierliche Freiheitsgrade, als auch diskrete Freiheitsgrade aufweisen. Der kraftstoffoptimale Betrieb eines Hybridfahrzeuges kann daher als hybrides OSP formuliert werden. Die Anwendbarkeit der vorgeschlagenen Algorithmen wird anhand dieses Beispiels demonstriert.
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Stemmler, Peer. "Ein Hoch auf hybride Systeme." return 8, no. 1 (February 2021): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41964-021-0684-9.
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Verl, A., D. Fritsch, and B. Winkler. "Hybride Systeme in der Montage *." wt Werkstattstechnik online 99, no. 9 (2009): 606–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2009-9-606.
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Reinhart, G., Y. Shen, and R. Spillner. "Hybride Systeme – Arbeitsplätze der Zukunft *." wt Werkstattstechnik online 103, no. 6 (2013): 543–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2013-6-543.
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Heckmann, Michael. "Die Verbesserung der Destillation durch hybride Systeme." Vakuum in Forschung und Praxis 12, no. 2 (April 2000): 108–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1522-2454(200004)12:2<108::aid-vipr108>3.0.co;2-p.
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Bordasch, Manuel. "Fehlerprognose mit hybridem Anomalie-Management." atp magazin 61, no. 3 (March 19, 2019): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.17560/atp.v61i3.2357.
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Dieser Artikel stellt ein Konzept zur Fehlerprävention in automatisierten Systemen vor. Ziel ist es, die mittlere Ausfallzeit zu erhöhen und gleichzeitig die mittlere Reparaturzeit durch prädiktive Identifikation und Inspektion von Fehlerentwicklungen zur Laufzeit zu verringern. Darüber hinaus zielt dieses Konzept darauf ab, die Komplexität von Präventionsprozessen und die zunehmende Datenmenge im Vergleich zu rein anomaliebasierten Fehlerpräventionskonzepten zu reduzieren. Dafür wurde ein hybrides Konzept entwickelt. Dazu gehört zum einen eine fehlerbasierte Methodik, die es ermöglicht, Fehlerentwicklungsmerkmale nach dem Auftreten eines einzelnen Fehlers zu identifizieren. Mittels dieser Information kann dasselbe System oder ähnliche Systeme in Zukunft auf diese spezielle Fehlerentwicklung überprüft werden, um das Wiederauftreten dieses bestimmten Fehlers zu vermeiden. Zum anderen wird ein anomaliebasierter Überprüfungsprozess vorgestellt, um optional auch für unbekannte Fehlerentwicklungen eine Prognosegewährleisten zu können. So trägt das hier vorgestellte hybride Anomalie-Management insgesamt dazu bei, die Verfügbarkeit der Systeme zu erhöhen.
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Heckmann, Ing Michael, and G�nter F. Tusel. "117. Die Verbesserung der Destillation durch hybride Systeme." Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 71, no. 9 (September 1999): 1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.3307109121.
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Wolf, Joachim. "Neukonzeption des deutschen Abfallrechts durch Kreislaufwirtschaft – Illusionen einer Massenkonsumgesellschaft." Zeitschrift für europarechtliche Studien 24, no. 1 (2021): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/1435-439x-2021-1-169.
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Das KrWG ist ein hybrides Gesetz. Sein Konzept beruht darauf, aus ökonomischer Sicht unvereinbare Systeme der freien Marktwirtschaft und der staatlich regulierten Planwirtschaft unter dem übergreifenden Ziel einer Bewältigung wachsender Abfallströme zusammenzuführen. Der hybride Gesetzescharakter folgt unmittelbar aus dem Gesetzesziel, weil abgesehen von nachgefragten Abfallstoffen wie Holz, Glas, Papier und Metall Abfallstoffe keine Wirtschaftsgüter sind. Ihre umfassende Einbeziehung in ein vom Gesetzgeber konzipiertes Kreislaufwirtschaftssystem erfordert umfangreiche planerische Interventionen und Vorkehrungen, die nur vom Gesetzgeber, nicht vom Markt gewährleistet werden können. Jede Kritik am Planungscharakter des KrWG ist vom Ansatz her verfehlt. Die wesentlichen Ziele des KrWG der Abfallvermeidung und der Abfallverwertung sind richtig. In drei Punkten ist der Gesetzgeber mit dem KrWG 2012 Illusionen erlegen, die nicht realisierbar sind. (1) Der Illusion einer unbegrenzten stofflichen Rückführbarkeit von Abfällen in den allgemeinen Wirtschaftskreislauf durch Recycling. Das kann aus physikalischen Gründen nicht gelingen. (2) Der Illusion einer Erreichbarkeit der Ziele des KrWG durch Privatisierung der kommunalen Abfallbeseitigungshoheit, sowie der Illusion (3) das gesetzlich im KrWG vorgegebene Ziel einer Vermeidung von Abfällen könne im Rahmen und mit den Instrumenten des KrWG erreicht werden.
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Laurent, D., V. Serieys, F. Merlette, and R. Carlier. "Reconstruction 3D semi-automatique du rachis en position debout par systeme d’imagerie hybride : role du manipulateur." Journal de Radiologie 88, no. 10 (October 2007): 1480. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0221-0363(07)81516-2.
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Rajala, Tomi, Harri Laihonen, and Petra Kokko. "Assessing the fragmentation of hybrids' performance management systems." International Journal of Public Sector Management 34, no. 3 (February 10, 2021): 312–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpsm-02-2020-0061.
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PurposeFragmentation can inhibit joint goals and performance measures. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the level of fragmentation between public, private and third sectors in a hybrid organization's performance management systems and the effects of this fragmentation to propose hypotheses and new research methods for future studies.Design/methodology/approachThe inductive research design was based on a mixed method approach. As empirical data, a survey, interviews and documents were used in this case study examining a hybrid organization called Welfare Alliance.FindingsThe results showed low-level fragmentation in the performance management system of the hybrid. Although the level of fragmentation was low-level, it affected the hybrid's ability to implement joint performance goals and measures. Performance management practices suffered as a consequence.Originality/valueAs a theoretical contribution to research addressing performance management in hybrids, the study proposes new concepts and theoretical hypotheses concerning fragmented performance management systems in hybrids. These theoretical hypotheses propose how performance goals and measures can become fragmented because they isolate service production units and activities from each other. The proposed hypotheses for future studies also attempt to provide explanations for how fragmentation can spread from one management function to another (i.e. from goal setting to performance measurement).
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Steinberg, Julian, Christian Gundlach, Sven Hartwig, Anna-Sophia Wilde, Felix Wanielik, and Christoph Herrmann. "Leitfaden für hybride Strukturen in der Kreislaufwirtschaft/Life cycle oriented development, design and manufacturing of multi-material components." wt Werkstattstechnik online 112, no. 10 (2022): 701–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2022-10-71.
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Das Projekt „Life Cycle Technologien für hybride Strukturen“ (LCT) hat das Ziel, Multimaterialbauteile lebens-zyklusorientiert auf Grundlage der Nutzungs- und End-of-Life Phasen eines Hybridbauteils auszulegen. Wichtiger Bestandteil ist eine ganzheitliche Analyse und Bewertung unter Berücksichtigung technischer, wirtschaftlicher und ökologischer Kriterien. Ein abschließender Leitfaden wird praxisnah erläutern, wie bei der lebenszyklusbasierten Entwicklung hybrider Strukturen zielführend vorgegangen werden kann. The project „Life Cycle Technologies for Hybrid Structures“ (LCT) aims to design multi-material components in a life-cycle oriented manner based on the use and end-of-life phases of a hybrid component. An important element is a holistic analysis and evaluation taking into account technical, economic and ecological criteria. A concluding guideline will explain in a practical manner how to proceed in a target-oriented approach to the life-cycle-based development of hybrid structures.
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Dagher, Marie-Claire, and Odile Filhol-Cochet. "Making Hybrids of Two-Hybrid Systems." BioTechniques 22, no. 5 (May 1997): 916–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/97225st05.
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Aljibouri, Aljibouri, Abedaljasim M., Al Saadi Abas A. Al- Saadi, and Al-Bassam Suha M. Al-Bassam. "Effect of electric current and ultra violet of elements and protein in shoot of three Hybrids of Cucumis sativus L. In vitro." Journal of Biotechnology Research Center 9, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 15–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24126/jobrc.2015.9.1.395.
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Three hybrids of American cucumber were studied, they are Lot number EM285 labelednumber 1, Hybrid tocaeen F1 labeled number 2, Hybrid super green F1 labeled number 3. Theseeds of these hybrids were exposure to four frequencies of electric current 0,1,2 and 2.5 Am for5 minutes and 4 periods of ultra violate rays UV at 254 nm. For 0,30,60 and 90 second. Thesterilized seeds were cultured in MS medium. After 3 weeks apical meristems of seedling wereexcise and cultured in new MS medium and of 5 weeks shoot systems were taken to study theelement content nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, calcium and magnesium in addition toestimate protein percentage. The results showed that hybrid 3 had a significant increase ofelement contents and protein percentage compared with hybrid1 and 2.The interactions betweenhybrid3 and 90 sec. UV exposure showed the highest content of calcium element reached 2.73mg.gm-1 with an increase of 184.37%compared with the control. The interaction between 2.5 Amand 90 sec. UV exposure showed the highest rate of protein reached 15.5%with significantdifferences of all interactions.
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Behrens, B. A., A. Huskic, C. Frischkorn, and D. Duran. "Fließpressen hybrider Halbzeuge*/Extrusion of hybrid semi-finished workpieces." wt Werkstattstechnik online 105, no. 10 (2015): 704–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2015-10-40.
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Im Rahmen des neu eingerichteten Sonderforschungsbereichs 1153 „Prozesskette zur Herstellung hybrider Hochleistungsbauteile durch Tailored Forming“ der Leibniz Universität Hannover wird am Institut für Umformtechnik und Umformmaschinen (IFUM) die Formgebung gefügter Halbzeuge zu hybriden Massivbauteilen untersucht. Dieser Fachbeitrag stellt erste Ergebnisse zum Fließpressen von seriell angeordneten Hybridhalbzeugen aus reibgeschweißten Stahl/Aluminium-Verbunden vor. As part of the newly established Collaborative Research Center 1153 “Process chain for the manufacturing of hybrid high-performance components by Tailored Forming” at Leibniz Universität Hannover, the Institute of Forming Technology and Machines (IFUM) examines the forming of joined semi-finished workpieces to hybrid solid components. In this paper, preliminary findings of the extrusion of friction welded steel/aluminium combination are presented.
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Pilz, W. D., B. Schulz-Forberg, H. Keller, and C. Langenbach. "The need for a statutory base to establish modern safety directives." Technische Sicherheit 9, no. 03 (2019): 21–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/2191-0073-2019-03-21.
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German engineering services are perceived worldwide as „Made in Germany“. This stands for the quality and safety of industrial products from Germany. The markets of the world expect: Innovative technology, adequate service life, unrestricted usability, reliability, economic availability and technical safety in operation. On the one hand, market expectations demand a targeted application of engineering and on the other hand emphasize that the state must not limit itself to rulemaking and the threat of punishment. It should set standards and structures as required and at the same time ensure their fulfillment and compliance through active action. Giving more of this governmental task to the private sector or the economy is a political will, but the necessary balance between state implementation and guarantee responsibility must be maintained. Spectacular major accidents, as well as recurring incidents and accidents, always require a critical review of safety practices and methods. Unfortunately, safety technology itself does not constitute an independent specialist discipline. Rather, security issues are addressed specifically and sometimes differently in the legal areas and the associated disciplines such as construction, electrical engineering or mesh construction. The high degree of differentiation that has occurred in specialist disciplines and the contradictory increase in the complexity of innovative systems due to IT elements or hybrid construction methods make it difficult to gain general knowledge from the investigations into the events that have occurred. A closed safety-methodical concept as a valid framework for all disciplines provides the base here and can remedy this situation. For German-speaking countries, the base for this is now „Das Qualitätsmerkmal Technische Sicherheit – Denkansatz und Leitfaden 1)“ – since 2016, for extended space „Technical Safety – An Attribute of Quality – An Interdisciplinary Approach and Guideline2)“ describes this base. Deutsche Ingenieurleistungen werden weltweit unter dem Begriff „Made in Germany“ wahrgenommen. Dieser steht für Qualität und Sicherheit der industriellen Erzeugnisse aus Deutschland. Die Märkte der Welt erwarten: Innovative Technologie, angemessene Lebensdauer, uneingeschränkte Gebrauchstauglichkeit, Zuverlässigkeit, wirtschaftliche Verfügbarkeit und technische Sicherheit im Betrieb. Die Markterwartungen erfordern einerseits eine gezielte Anwendung der Ingenieurwissenschaften und betonen andererseits, dass sich der Staat nicht nur auf die Regelsetzung und die Strafandrohung beschränken darf. Er soll im erforderlichen Maß Normen und Strukturen vorgeben und über aktives Handeln gleichzeitig deren Erfüllung und Einhaltung sicherstellen. Diese staatlichen Aufgaben vermehrt in die Hände privater Einrichtungen bzw. der Wirtschaft zu geben ist zwar politischer Wille, dennoch muss die erforderliche Balance zwischen Durchführungs- und Gewährleistungsverantwortung des Staates eingehalten werden. Spektakuläre Störfälle mit großer öffentlicher Wirkung verlangen genauso wie die immer wieder auftretenden Zwischenfälle und Unfälle stets eine kritische Überprüfung der Vorgehensweisen und Methoden zur Erzeugung von Sicherheit. Leider bildet die Sicherheitstechnik selbst keine eigenständige Fachdisziplin. Vielmehr werden sicherheitstechnische Belange jeweils spezifisch und zum Teil unterschiedlich in den Rechtsbereichen und den zugeordneten Fachdisziplinen wie Bauwesen, Elektrotechnik oder Maschenbau angesprochen. Der hohe Grad der eingetretenen Differenzierung in Fachdisziplinen und die gegenläufige Zunahme der Komplexität innovativer Systeme durch IT-Elemente oder hybride Bauweisen erschwert eine allgemein nutzbare Erkenntnis aus den Untersuchungen zu den aufgetretenen Ereignissen. Ein geschlossenes sicherheitsmethodisches Konzept als gültiger Rahmen für alle Fachdisziplinen liefert hier die Grundlage und kann hier Abhilfe schaffen. Für den deutschsprachigen Raum liegt nun als Grundlage „Das Qualitätsmerkmal Technische Sicherheit – Denkansatz und Leitfaden 1)“ – seit 2016 vor, für den erweiterten Raum beschreibt “Technical Safety – An Attribute of Quality – An Interdisciplinary Approach and Guideline 2)” diese Basis.
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NISHIHARA, Tsutomu, and Jun-ichi NISHIKAWA. "Bioassay for endocrine disruptors by using yeast two-hybrid system." Folia Pharmacologica Japonica 118, no. 3 (2001): 203–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/fpj.118.203.
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Xiaogang Yi, Xiaogang Yi, Yan Li Yan Li, Jian Wu Jian Wu, Kun Xu Kun Xu, Xiaobin Hong Xiaobin Hong, Hongxiang Guo) Hongxiang Guo), and Jintong Lin Jintong Lin. "System performance influenced by channel plan for coherent PDM-QPSK/OOK hybrid transmission systems." Chinese Optics Letters 10, s1 (2012): S10603–310605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201210.s10603.
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Ruswandi, Dedi, Elia Azizah, Haris Maulana, Mira Ariyanti, Anne Nuraini, Nyimas Poppy Indriani, and Yuyun Yuwariah. "Selection of high-yield maize hybrid under different cropping systems based on stability and adaptability parameters." Open Agriculture 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0073.
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Abstract The intercropping of maize with other food crops is a current solution to problems in food crop production and crop failures. The objectives of the study were to (i) select adaptive maize hybrids in intercropping as well as sole-cropping systems, and (ii) test the ideal cropping system to evaluate best hybrids for intercropping. This study used 12 maize hybrids with different genetic backgrounds. Planting was carried out for two seasons using four cropping systems. Hybrids were selected according to their adaptability and stability based on parametric, nonparametric, and multivariate analyses. The results showed that G10 had high yield for all cropping systems. G10 was also selected as an adaptive hybrid for sole-cropping, whereas G9 was selected as an adaptive hybrid for intercropping. The L5 and L4 were ideal environments for evaluating hybrids under different cropping systems. The selected hybrids should be evaluated and disseminated for small-holder farmers in Indonesia.
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Dumych, V., D. Bova, and O. Krupych. "RESPONSE OF MAIZE HYBRIDS TO TILLAGE SYSTEMS IN WESTERN UKRAINE." Technical and technological aspects of development and testing of new machinery and technologies for agriculture of Ukraine 1, no. 32(46) (2023): 162–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31473/2305-5987-2023-1-32(46)-14.
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Summary The purpose of research: Evaluation of the impact of soil tillage systems on grain productivity and efficiency of growing new corn hybrids in the soil and climatic conditions of western Ukraine. Research methods: Field trials were conducted in Western Ukraine on fields with sod-podzolic carbonate-gley soils. The total experimental field area of 6 ha was divided into 15 experimental plots with three tillage systems (conventional, conservation, mulching) and five maize hybrids of different indices and maturity groups («Ajax» (FAO 210), «Amaros» (FAO 230), «Danubio» (FAO 260),» DSK 3730» (FAO 280) and «Artenio» (FAO 340)). The indicators were determined in three replications at each experimental site. Research results: The research has established that the highest yields of corn grain were obtained in plots with hybrids «Amaros» (FAO 230) and «DCS 3730» (FAO 280), which amounted to 11.59 and 11.37 t/ha, respectively. It should be noted that the «Amaros» hybrid responds well to shelf loosening of the soil, with a grain yield of 12.34 t/ha on the background of ploughing, and the «DCS 3730» hybrid formed the highest grain yield (12.18 t/ha) in the variant with mulching tillage. The grain productivity of hybrids «Ajax» (FAO 210) and «Danubio» (FAO 260) is approximately the same and was at the level of 10.24 and 10.65 t/ha, respectively. The lowest average grain yield (9.72 t/ha) for all tillage options was obtained in the mid-season hybrid «Artenio» (FAO 340). Grain yields of the studied hybrids in plots with conventional tillage ranged from 10.34 to 12.34 t/ha, with conservation tillage - from 9.03 to 11.42 t/ha, and with mulching tillage - from 9.57 to 12.18 t/ha. On average, all plots with conventional tillage had a profit of 43518 UAH/ha, which is 10.0% and 6.9% higher than in the variants with conservation tillage and mulching systems. Conclusions. It was found that medium-early maize hybrids Ajax, Amaros, Danubio respond positively to the depth of cultivation and intensity of soil crumbling (traditional and conservation systems). The hybrid DKS 3730 produced the highest grain yield in the area with mulch tillage. The highest economic efficiency of growing corn for grain was obtained in variants with traditional tillage, with the exception of the DSK 3730 hybrid, for which mulch tillage was the most effective. In terms of economic effect, the conservation tillage system was the worst. Key words: corn, tillage systems, corn hybrids, yield, efficiency.
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Mills, A. "Simulation of hydrogen-based hybrid systems using Hybrid2." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 29, no. 10 (August 2004): 991–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2004.01.004.
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Castoldi, Renata, Rafaelle F. Gomes, Hamilton CO Charlo, Danilo M. Melo, and Leila T. Braz. "Performance of cucumber hybrids cultivated in coconut fiber and soil." Horticultura Brasileira 32, no. 1 (2014): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-05362014000100014.
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The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of three Japanese group cucumber hybrids, which were cultivated in two cultivation systems. The experiment was designed in a split-plot randomized block design with two cultivation systems (coconut fiber and soil) for commercial Japanese cucumber hybrids ('Tsuyataro', 'Yoshinari' and 'Nankyoku'). After harvesting the cucumbers, we evaluated the number of marketable fruits per plant, the average fruit length, the mean fruit diameter, the bottom fruit diameter, the marketable production of fruits per plant and the marketable yield per hectare. There were significant interactions between the cultivation system and the hybrid, as indicated by the number of marketable fruits. The Nankyoku hybrid had the highest average (14.54 fruits pl-1), although it did not differ from the Yoshinari hybrid when grown in coconut fiber. In soil culture, the Yoshinari hybrid had the highest average number of fruits per plant (10.12 fruits pl-1) and did not differ from the Tsuyataro hybrid. Cultivation in coconut fiber provided better results for production traits and plant productivity. 'Yoshinari' and 'Nankyoku' were the most productive hybrids. Based on the cucumber cultivation results from a protected environment, the cultivation of hybrid Japanese cucumbers and Yoshinari and Nankyoku hybrids in coconut fiber is recommended.
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Dedukh, Dmitrij, Sergey Riumin, Krzysztof Kolenda, Magdalena Chmielewska, Beata Rozenblut-Kościsty, Mikołaj Kaźmierczak, Maria Ogielska, and Alla Krasikova. "Maintenance of pure hybridogenetic water frog populations: Genotypic variability in progeny of diploid and triploid parents." PLOS ONE 17, no. 7 (July 6, 2022): e0268574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268574.
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An intriguing outcome of hybridisation is the emergence of clonally and hemiclonally reproducing hybrids, that can sustain, reproduce, and lead to the emergence of polyploid forms. However, the maintenance of diploid and polyploid hybrid complexes in natural populations remains unresolved. We selected water frogs from the Pelophylax esculentus complex to study how diploid and triploid hybrids, which reproduce hemiclonally via hybridogenesis, are maintained in natural populations. During gametogenesis in diploid hybrids, one of the parental genomes is eliminated, and the remaining genome is endoreplicated. In triploid hybrids, the single-copy genome is typically eliminated, while genome endoreplication does not occur. To investigate how diploid and triploid hybrid frogs reproduce in populations without parental species, we crossed these hybrid animals from two separate pure hybrid populations located in Poland. Using cytogenetic analysis of tadpoles that emerged from the crosses, we established which gametes were produced by parental hybrids. The majority of hybrid females and hybrid males produced one type of gamete with the P. ridibundus genome. However, in both studied populations, approximately half of the diploid and triploid hybrids simultaneously produced gametes with different genome compositions and ploidy levels, specifically, the P. ridibundus and P. lessonae genomes, as well as diploid gametes with genomes of both parental species. Triploid hybrid males and females mostly produced haploid gametes with the P. lessonae genome; however, gametes with the P. ridibundus genome have also been observed. These results suggest that not all hybrids follow the classical hybridogenetic reproduction program and reveal a significant level of alterations in the gametogenesis pathways. In addition, we found a variable survival rate of particular progeny genotypes when we crossed hybrid females with different males suggesting the important role of postzygotic barriers on the maintenance of pure hybrid systems. We suggest that the observed variability in produced gametes and the different survival rate of the progeny with certain genotypes is crucial for the existence of pure hybrid systems.
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Baek, Miri, and Soo-Jin Choi. "Effect of Orally Administered Glutathione-Montmorillonite Hybrid Systems on Tissue Distribution." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/469372.
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An ubiquitous tripeptide, glutathione (GSH), is assigned a role in detoxification, activation of immune system, intermediary metabolism, transport, and protection of cells against free radicals or reactive oxygen species. However, instability of orally administered GSH in gastrointestinal (GI) tract leads to low absorption and low bioavailability in tissues. In this study, we attempted to synthesize GSH-montmorillonite (MMT) hybrid systems by intercalating GSH into the interlayers of a cationic clay delivery carrier, MMT, to improve GSH bioavailability at the systemic level. Polymer coating of the hybrid with polyvinylacetal diethylaminoacetate (AEA) was further performed to obtain better stability. Synthetic condition of both GSH-MMT and AEA-GSH-MMT hybrids was optimized, and then GSH-delivery efficiency was evaluated in various organs after oral administration in normal as well as GSH-deficient mice. The present GSH-MMT hybrids remarkably enhanced GSH concentration in the plasma, heart, kidney, and liver, especially when AEA-GSH-MMT hybrid was administered under GSH-deficient condition. Moreover, both hybrids did not induce acute oral toxicity up to 2000 mg/kg, suggesting their great potential for pharmaceutical application.
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Salkić, Besim, Emina Salihović, Emir Imširović, Ensar Salkić, and Aleksandar Životić. "Comparative Pest Resistance of Hot Pepper Hybrids in Organic Farming Systems." Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International 25, no. 6 (December 29, 2024): 296–305. https://doi.org/10.9734/jaeri/2024/v25i6659.
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The genetic basis of the hybrid and growing conditions can significantly affect the resistance to certain types of pests in environmental protection. Some hybrids have a thicker fruit skin, higher concentrations of capsaicin (the active ingredient in hot peppers) or that the fruit contains secondary metabolites that repel pests. This is very important in ecological agriculture and environmental protection, where conventional preparations are not used. The degree of resistance of hybrids can also differ according to which types of pests are dominant in the environment. This research examines pest resistance between two different hot pepper hybrids in organic production with identical agro-ecological conditions, nutrition and plant protection. The experiment was planted in the lowland part of Bosnia and Herzegovina at an altitude of 192 m in greenhouse. During a four-month study were monitored two type of hot peppers: hybrids Fortessa and Hungarian. The attack of the five most important pests of pepper were monitored: Frankliniella occidentalis, Ostrinia nubilalis, Aphididae, Panonychus ulmi and Trialeurodes vaporarium. The resistance of the Fortessa hybrid was higher against all of the mentioned pests. Considering that the temperature was very high all trought the vegetation period and without a long period of rainfall, the attack of the mite - Panonychus ulmi was increased. The resistance of Fortesse to Panonychus ulmi is 31% higher compared to Hungarian pepper. The yield of the Fortessa hybrid is 0.52 kg higher per plant compared to Hungarian pepper. The use of genetically more resistant varieties and hybrids in organic production is the main preventive protection in the already limited possibilities of using plant protective products. Cultivation of hybrids in real conditions is the most reliable way to obtain data of plant resistance two different pepper hybrids.
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Adugna, A., A. Adugna, G. S. Nanda, G. S. Nanda, N. S. Bains, and N. S. Bains. "A comparison of cytoplasmic and chemically-induced male sterility systems for hybrid performance in wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)." Acta Agronomica Hungarica 54, no. 1 (March 1, 2006): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/aagr.54.2006.1.11.
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Cytoplasmic ( Triticum timopheevii -based) and chemically induced (CH9832- based) male sterility systems were compared for hybrid performance in wheat. A total of 40 genotypes including 10 CMS-based hybrids, 10 CHA-based hybrids, 10 B lines and 10 R lines were included in the experiment. analysis of variance revealed significant differences between the genotypes for all the characters studied. Differences between the hybrids and their parents were significant for all the characters. There were also significant differences between the hybrids resulting from the two systems of sterility. This study of 10 comparable hybrids showed, on average, midparent heterosis of 30.2 and 7.3% for CMS- and CHA-derived hybrids, respectively. Generally, the CMS-based hybrids were superior to their CHA-based equivalents for grain yield performance. In spite of the incomplete fertility the higher grain yield in CMS-based hybrids was attributed to the profuse tillering and high thousand-grain weight. On the other hand, the CHA-based hybrids had lower yield performance due to the lower thousand-grain weight and tillering. The lower grain weight and tillering in these hybrids compared with their CMS-based equivalents might be due to the toxic effect of the CHA, which was carried over to the hybrid and affected vigour. As a whole the CMS system was found to be better than the CHA system (based on the particular CHA used in this study) for hybrid performance in wheat.
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Farhan, uhammmad, Mohd Nazim Mohtar, Suhaidi Shafie, and Norhafiz Azis and Wan Zuha Wan Hassan. "Hybrid Systems for Robotic Navigations." Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems 11, no. 0009-SPECIAL ISSUE (September 25, 2019): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5373/jardcs/v11/20192551.
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Sawamura, K., M. T. Yamamoto, and T. K. Watanabe. "Hybrid lethal systems in the Drosophila melanogaster species complex. II. The Zygotic hybrid rescue (Zhr) gene of D. melanogaster." Genetics 133, no. 2 (February 1, 1993): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/133.2.307.
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Abstract Hybrid females from Drosophila simulans females x Drosophila melanogaster males die as embryos while hybrid males from the reciprocal cross die as larvae. We have recovered a mutation in melanogaster that rescues the former hybrid females. It was located on the X chromosome at a position close to the centromere, and it was a zygotically acting gene, in contrast with mhr (maternal hybrid rescue) in simulans that rescues the same hybrids maternally. We named it Zhr (Zygotic hybrid rescue). The gene also rescues hybrid females from embryonic lethals in crosses of Drosophila mauritiana females x D. melanogaster males and of Drosophila sechellia females x D. melanogaster males. Independence of the hybrid embryonic lethality and the hybrid larval lethality suggested in a companion study was confirmed by employing two rescue genes, Zhr and Hmr (Hybrid male rescue), in doubly lethal hybrids. A model is proposed to explain the genetic mechanisms of hybrid lethalities as well as the evolutionary pathways.
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Hermaniuk, Adam, Magdalena Czajkowska, Anetta Borkowska, and Jan R. E. Taylor. "Body size variation in hybrids among populations of European water frogs (Pelophylax esculentus complex) with different breeding systems." Amphibia-Reptilia 41, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 361–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685381-bja10005.
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Abstract In some populations, hybrids reproduce with a parental species by eliminating the genome of this species from their own germline and produce gametes that only contain the genome of the other parental species (sexual host). This mode of reproduction, known as hybridogenesis, leads to a conflict of interest between the two parties because the sexual host should avoid mating with the hybrid to prevent a reduction in reproductive success, whereas the hybrid depends on such matings for survival. We investigated European water frogs (Pelophylax esculentus complex), including hybrids (P. esculentus, genotype LR) and two sexual host species (P. lessonae, LL and P. ridibundus, RR). We hypothesized that to maximize fitness, hybrid males should be morphologically more similar to the sexual host that is preferred by females for successful reproduction. To test this hypothesis, we compared hybrid males in two different population types, L-E (hybrids coexist with LL) and L-E-R (hybrids coexist with both LL and RR). The latter was described in terms of genome composition, sex ratio, and mate choice preferences; the sex ratio of hybrids was significantly male-biased. We found that LR males from the L-E-R populations were significantly larger than those from the L-E, which makes them more similar to P. ridibundus, the largest species within the P. esculentus complex. We suggest that a larger body size of hybrid males may provide a reproductive advantage in the L-E-R population type, where the most common type of pair caught in the breeding season was LR males × RR females.
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Maharta Pemayun, A. A. Gede, I. Nym Budiastra, and I. W. Rinas. "ANALISIS EFESIENSI TRAFO DAYA TERHADAP PENGOPERASIAN BEBERAPA JENIS HARMONIC FILTER." Jurnal SPEKTRUM 7, no. 4 (December 6, 2020): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/spektrum.2020.v07.i04.p10.
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Nonlinear load is one of the causes of harmonics in utility systems. To reduce harmonicdistortion that appears, usually in utility systems, Harmonic Filters are operated such as:passive filters, active filters, series hybrid filters and hybrid shunt filters. Harmonic distortion thatoccurs will increase losses in the utility system. Losses that appear will affect the efficiency ofthe Power transformer being operated. From the analysis results, the order of the best to worstfilter efficiency is hybride filter (? = 97.26%), active filter (? = 96.72%) and passive filter (? =95.73%).
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Panda, Payod, Lev Tankelevitch, Becky Spittle, Kori Inkpen, John Tang, Sasa Junuzovic, Qianqian Qi, et al. "Hybridge: Bridging Spatiality for Inclusive and Equitable Hybrid Meetings." Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 8, CSCW2 (November 7, 2024): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3687040.
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Hybrid meetings limit inclusion for remote participants. The Hybridge experimental system provides different interfaces for remote and room endpoints, focusing on improving inclusion via shared spatiality and remote agency. In-room participants see remotes on displays around a table, and remotes see video integrated into a digital twin. Remotes can choose where to appear and from where they view the room. We tested Hybridge in a within-subjects study of group survival tasks. An in-person condition was followed by a counterbalanced order of hybrid traditional videoconferencing ("Gallery") and Hybridge. We found that co-presence and agency differences between in-room and remotes were alleviated in Hybridge but remained in Gallery. Physical presence for remotes was higher in Hybridge than Gallery. Conversation flow was better in Hybridge than Gallery, but ease of awareness was not different. We argue that asymmetry should be embraced when designing hybrid meeting systems, with inclusivity achieved by tailoring features for the needs of different endpoints.
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Matviyishyn, Maksym, and Bartosz Szyszko. "Tying a knot between crown ethers and porphyrins." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 19 (October 27, 2023): 1630–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.19.120.
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Porphyrins and crown ether hybrids have emerged as a promising class of molecules composed of elements of a tetrapyrrole macrocycle and an oligo(ethylene glycol) segment. These hybrid systems constitute a broad group of compounds, including crowned porphyrins, crownphyrins, and calixpyrrole-crown ether systems forming Pacman complexes with transition metals. Their unique nature accustoms them as excellent ligands and hosts capable of binding guest molecules/ions, but also to undergo unusual transformations, such as metal-induced expansion/contraction. Depending on the design of the particular hybrid, they present unique features involving intriguing redox chemistry, interesting optical properties, and reactivity towards transition metals. In this perspective article, the overview of both the early designs of porphyrin-crown ether hybrids, as well as the most recent advances in the synthesis and characterisation of this remarkable group of macrocyclic systems, are addressed. The discussion covers the strategies employed in synthesising these systems, including cyclisation reactions, self-assembly, and their remarkable reactivity. The potential applications of porphyrin-crown ether hybrids are also highlighted. Moreover, the discussion identifies the challenges associated with synthesising and characterising hybrids, outlining the possible future directions.
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Anisimova, I. N., and A. G. Dubovskaya. "CMS systems in rapeseed and their use in the breeding of domestic hybrids." Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding 181, no. 3 (October 13, 2020): 171–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2020-3-171-180.
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Development of heterotic hybrids is the most efficient approach to solve the problem of increasing the yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), a leading oilseed crop. The cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), widely used in rapeseed hybrid seed production, makes it possible to control hybridization between female and male lines. A review of publications on the nature of CMS systems in rapeseed and their utilization in breeding is presented. In rapeseed there are more than 10 known CMS systems of alloplasmic and homoplasmic origin. The male sterility character proved to be determined by chimeric mitochondrial genes, characterized by the presence of novel transcribed open reading frames (orf). Mitochondrial CMS genes associated with nap, pol, ogu and Nsa sterility types as well as nuclear Rf genes for pollen fertility restoration were identified. Molecular marker systems for identification of CMS-inducing and male fertility restoring genes were developed. The ogu, pol, MSL and inap CMS systems are commonly used for producing industrial rapeseed hybrids. The State Register of the Russian Federation for 2019 contains rapeseed hybrids of only foreign origin. Main achievements in domestic rapeseed hybrid production are highlighted. Research and breeding institutions developed new source material for rapeseed hete rotic hybrid breeding in various regions of the country. The sterility and fertility restoration sources were received from Canadian and French institutions as well as from domestic working collections. The yield structure traits did not deteriorate after transferring hybrid maternal lines to the sterile cytoplasm, while the glucosinolate content increased when pollen fertility restoring genes were transferred into paternal lines. Dihaploid (androclinium) lines and in vitro culture of unfertilized ovules were used to accelerate the breeding process. Experimental hybrids were developed using pol and ogu CMS.
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Pohl, M., M. Prof Stommel, F. Baumann, D. Berger, G. Prof Lanza, J. Summa, M. Schwarz, and H. G. Prof Herrmann. "Entwicklungsstrukturen intrinsischer Hybride*/Development structures for intrinsic hybrids." wt Werkstattstechnik online 107, no. 07-08 (2017): 546–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2017-07-08-70.
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An einem Demonstratorbauteil werden die Entwicklungsstrukturen für ein intrinsisch gefertigtes Hybridbauteil aus kohlenstofffaserverstärktem Kunststoff (CFK) und Metall dargestellt. Um die Grenzschicht zwischen beiden Materialen auszugestalten, wird ein thermoplastischer Kunststoff im Bereich der Grenzschicht eingesetzt. Neben der Beschreibung einzelner Entwicklungs- und Produktionsschritte wird die gesamte Prozesskette inklusive einer integrierten und einer nachgelagerten Qualitätssicherung beschrieben. A demonstrator is used to show the development process of an intrinsic hybrid component made of CFRP and metal. To design the interface between the two materials a thermoplastic material is used. Next to the description of the development phase and individual production processes the entire process chain including an integrated and a downstream quality assurance is described.
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Bisht, Yashwant Singh, Ediga Poornima, Sai Chander Aysola, Saksham Sood, Zaid Ajzan Balassem, Sourabh Kumar, Pancham Cajla, and Utkal Khandelwal. "Hybrid Renewable Energy System Design using Multi-Objective Optimization." E3S Web of Conferences 581 (2024): 01036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202458101036.
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This study investigates the significant changes brought about by hybrid in renewable energy systems. It specifically examines the creation and analysis of hybrids to enhance energy conversion procedures. Graphene hybrids have remarkable potential, with a surface area of 200 m²/g and resulting in a significant 20% increase in energy conversion efficiency, achieving an astonishing 78% compared to control samples. The electrical output metrics highlight the superiority of systems enabled by hybrid, with graphene exhibiting a 20% increase in power production at 1.2 W. Stability assessments focus on the long-term sustainability, with graphene achieving a stability score of 9, suggesting strong and reliable performance. The results demonstrate the exceptional potential of hybrid, namely graphene, to transform the renewable energy sector, offering a significant improvement in efficiency and system stability.
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Phan, Lan Phuong, Hung Huu Huynh, and Hiep Xuan Huynh. "Implicative Rating-Based Hybrid Recommendation Systems." International Journal of Machine Learning and Computing 8, no. 3 (June 2018): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijmlc.2018.8.3.691.
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KHERRA, Nawal, Fouzia ROUAGHE, David D. PERRODIN, and Mobina RAHNAMA. "Students' Voices: Exploring Perceptions of Hybrid Language Learning." Langues & Cultures 5, no. 01 (June 30, 2024): 250–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.62339/jlc.v5i01.242.
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Thispaper reflects on the gradual integration of hybrid systems in Algeria's university education context. Our contribution is intended as an analytical study of this new form of training provided for students studying for a degree in French language and literature. It uses action research results to understand current and actual hybrid teaching practices, learners' acquisition and engagement strategies in a new teaching situation, and their perceptions of this new teaching/learning mode. The results reflect excellent student perceptions of the media coverage and mediation of the hybrid system and support of teachers, offering flexible and accessible distance learning opportunities, access to rich resources, and the personalization of the training and assessments, thus encouraging learning autonomy. The aim is to promote in-depth reflection on future practices in distance language teaching to optimize learners' learning experiences in an increasingly digital world. Résumé Cet article propose une réflexion sur l'intégration progressive des dispositifs hybrides dans le contexte de l'enseignement universitaire algérien. Notre contribution se veut une étude analytique de cette nouvelle forme de formation dispensée aux étudiants en licence de langue et littérature françaises. Elle s'appuie sur les résultats d'une recherche-action pour comprendre les pratiques pédagogiques hybrides actuelles et réelles, les stratégies d'acquisition et d'engagement des apprenants dans une nouvelle situation d'enseignement ainsi que leurs perceptions de ce nouveau mode d'enseignement/apprentissage. Les résultats reflètent une excellente perception des étudiants sur la médiatisation et la médiation du système hybride et du soutien des enseignants. Cela offre pour eux des possibilités d'apprentissage à distance flexibles et accessibles, l'accès à des ressources riches et la personnalisation de la formation et des évaluations, encourageant ainsi l'autonomie d'apprentissage. L'objectif de cette recherche est de promouvoir une réflexion approfondie sur les pratiques futures en matière d'enseignement des langues à distance afin d'optimiser les expériences d'apprentissage des apprenants dans un monde de plus en plus numérique.
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Byrne, David H., and Thomas G. Littleton. "Interspecific Hybrid Verification of Plum × Apricot Hybrids Via Isozyme Analyses." HortScience 24, no. 1 (February 1989): 132–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.24.1.132.
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Abstract A series of diploid plum (Prunus salicina Lindl. and hybrids), apricot (P. armeniaca L.), and plum × apricot (plumcot) clones were surveyed for six enzyme systems to identify a biochemical marker system for plumcots. Peroxidase (EC 1.11,1.7) was the best marker for identifying plum × apricot hybrids. The other systems contained plum or apricot specific alleles useful in verifying hybrid parentage of first or later generation derivatives.
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Pandey, KK, JE Grant, and EG Williams. "Interspecific Hybridisation Between Trifolium repens and T. uniflorum." Australian Journal of Botany 35, no. 2 (1987): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt9870171.
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Several partially fertile hybrids (2n = 32) were produced by embryo culture from crosses of the type T. repens (2n = 32) female × T. uniflorum (2n = 32) male . The reciprocal crosses, although giving better seed development in vivo, were less successful in producing viable hybrid plants. Backcrosses to both parent species and F2 hybrids were also produced. Hybrid materials were variable with respect to morphological characteristics but broadly within the expected intermediate range. Their root systems were generally coarser and deeper than that of T. repens, offering the prospect of improved resistance to beetle larvae and drought. One F1 hybrid proved to be highly self-compatible, although derived from self-incompatible parent species. Pollen fertility ranged from 0 to 58% for F1 hybrids, 0 to 13% for F2 hybrids, 0 to 84% for backcrosses to T. repens and 0 to 26% for backcrosses to T. uniflorum. Marked seasonal variations in pollen fertility were also observed. Up to two quadrivalent chromosome associations per pollen mother cell were observed at meiosis in F1 hybrids, indicating some intragenomic pairing of T. repens chromosomes. Quadrivalent associations were also observed in an F2 hybrid and three backcrosses to T. repens.
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Suri, Gurpreet Kaur, Shivraj Braich, Dianne M. Noy, Garry M. Rosewarne, Noel O. I. Cogan, and Sukhjiwan Kaur. "Advances in lentil production through heterosis: Evaluating generations and breeding systems." PLOS ONE 17, no. 2 (February 18, 2022): e0262857. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262857.
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Heterosis is defined as increased performance of the F1 hybrid relative to its parents. In the current study, a cohort of populations and parents were created to evaluate and understand heterosis across generations (i.e., F1 to F3) in lentil, a self-pollinated annual diploid (2n = 2× = 14) crop species. Lentil plants were evaluated for heterotic traits in terms of plant height, biomass fresh weight, seed number, yield per plant and 100 grain weight. A total of 47 selected lentil genotypes were cross hybridized to generate 72 F1 hybrids. The F1 hybrids from the top five crosses exhibited between 31%–62% heterosis for seed number with reference to the better parent. The five best performing heterotic crosses were selected with a negative control for evaluation at the subsequent F2 generation and only the tails of the distribution taken forward to be assessed in the F3 generation as a sub selection. Overall, heterosis decreases across the subsequent generations for all traits studied. However, some individual genotypes were identified at the F2 and sub-selected F3 generations with higher levels of heterosis than the best F1 mean value (hybrid mimics). The phenotypic data for the selected F2 and sub selected F3 hybrids were analysed, and the study suggested that 100 grain weight was the biggest driver of yield followed by seed number. A genetic diversity analysis of all the F1 parents failed to correlate genetic distance and divergence among parents with heterotic F1’s. Therefore, genetic distance was not a key factor to determine heterosis in lentil. The study highlights the challenges associated with different breeding systems for heterosis (i.e., F1 hybrid-based breeding systems and/or via hybrid mimics) but demonstrates the potential significant gains that could be achieved in lentil productivity.
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ISVORANU, Dragoș Daniel, Petrișor-Valentin PÂRVU, and Octavian GRIGORE. "A HYBRID PROPULSION SYSTEM FOR UAS." SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND EDUCATION IN THE AIR FORCE 21, no. 1 (October 8, 2019): 135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.19062/2247-3173.2019.21.19.
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Mühlich, C., K. Lindow, J. Polte, and E. Uhlmann. "Flexible Automatisierung mit Virtuellen Agenten/Flexible Automation with Virtual Agents." wt Werkstattstechnik online 112, no. 07-08 (2022): 476–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2022-07-08-30.
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Die Prozessautomatisierung hybrider Montagesysteme stellt Unternehmen vor die Herausforderung, Menschen und Maschinen in ein kollaboratives System unter Beachtung sozioökonomischer Aspekte zu integrieren. Die Übertragung von biologischen Prinzipien auf die Gestaltung von Produktionsprozessen ermöglicht in Kombination mit Industrie 4.0 die Entwicklung selbstorganisierender Systeme. Davon inspiriert wird das Konzept einer Plattformlösung für die flexible Automatisierung vorgestellt, um Expertenwissen zur Produktivitätssteigerung gezielt einzusetzen. The process automation of hybrid assembly systems presents companies with the challenge of integrating people and machines into a collaborative system while taking socio-economic aspects into account. The transfer of biological principles to the design of production processes, in combination with Industry 4.0, enables the development of self-organizing systems. Inspired by this, a decentralized platform solution for flexible automation is presented in order to use human skills to increase productivity in a targeted manner.
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Alberti, Fernando G., and Mario A. Varon Garrido. "Can profit and sustainability goals co-exist? New business models for hybrid firms." Journal of Business Strategy 38, no. 1 (January 16, 2017): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbs-12-2015-0124.
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Purpose This paper aims to discuss hybrid organizations whose business models blur the boundary between for-profit and nonprofit worlds. With the aim of understanding how hybrid organizations have developed commercially viable business models to create positive social and environmental change, the authors contend that hybrids are altering long-held business norms and conceptions of the role of the corporation in society. Building on an analysis of the most updated literature on hybrid organizations and with the use of case study approach, the purpose of this paper is to derive managerial lessons that traditional businesses may apply to innovate their business models. Design/methodology/approach This paper has a practical focus to help organizations to develop successful business strategies and design innovative business models. It applies emerging thinking on hybrid business models to provide new insights and ideas on the use of business models as tools for innovating and delivering value. To comply with this, first, the authors discuss the distinctive characteristics of hybrids and the hybrid business model through a concise but comprehensive review of all the literature on hybrid organization, which is still very recent. Second, we relied on a short case study that introduces information technology and digital innovation as the premises of the emergence of a new hybrid business model that adds additional elements to traditional business managers on how to learn from hybrid organizations’ avenues to innovate their business models. Findings In this paper, the authors aimed to shed light on the management of any organization or initiative that aims to embrace multiple and competing yet potentially synergistic goals, as is increasingly the case in modern corporations. Spotting hidden complementarities of antagonistic assets can be arduous, time-consuming, costly and risky, but businesses driven by innovation may want to keep a close eye on the expanding hybrid sector as a source of future entrepreneurial opportunities. To this regard, hybrid social ventures have the potential to shed light on ways to innovate traditional business models. The essence of studying hybrids is that firms may learn how to innovate their business models in ways that go beyond current conceptualizations, making their mission profitable, rather than making profit their only mission! The research design (literature analysis and case study) allowed the authors to disentangle different innovative business models that hybrids suggest highlight strengths and weaknesses of such business models, understand strategies and capabilities associated with hybrids and transpose all these lessons learned to traditional business managers who constantly struggle for innovation. Research limitations/implications The main implication is that hybrid organizations may serve as incubators for new practices that can gain scale and impact by infusion into existing corporations. The authors can assist to a process of “hybridization” of incumbent firms, pushing the boundaries of corporate sustainability efforts toward strategies in which profit and social purpose share more equal footing. Practical implications Firms interested in benefiting from antagonistic assets that can have a dramatic impact on their business model innovation may want to consider some lessons: firms can attempt to build antagonistic assets into their mission, asking themselves what activities they can undertake with the potential to create (or erode) social, environmental and economic value and how these activities might be mediated by the context/environment in which they operate; they can partner with hybrids to benefit from them and absorb competencies from them, so to increase their likelihood to generate value-creating activities and to impact on wider range of stakeholders, including funders, partners, beneficiaries and communities; they can mimic hybrids on how to innovate their business model through the use of the “deliberate resource misfit” dynamic capability, mitigating negative impacts and trade-offs and maximizing positive value spillovers, both for the firms themselves and for the community. Social implications Sharing know-how with hybrids opens up to ways to innovate business models, and hybrids are much more open to sharing lessons and encouraging others to copy their approaches in a genuine open innovation approach. Originality/value The main lesson businesses can take away from studying hybrids is that antagonistic assets – and not only profitable complementary ones, as the resource-based view would suggest – do not have to be a burden on profits. Hybrids ground their strategy first and foremost on their beneficiaries, thus dealing with a bundle of antagonistic assets. The primary objective of hybrids is thus to find imaginative ways of generating profits from their given resources rather than acquiring the resources that generate the highest profit. Profit is the ultimate goal of traditional businesses’ mission, but by making profit their only mission, firms risk missing out on the hidden opportunities latent in antagonistic assets. Learning from hybrids about how to align profits and societal impact may be a driver of long-term competitive advantage.
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Pooler, Margaret R., Louise G. H. Riedel, S. E. Bentz, and A. M. Townsend. "Molecular Markers Used to Verify Interspecific Hybridization between Hemlock (Tsuga) Species." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 127, no. 4 (July 2002): 623–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.127.4.623.
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Controlled pollinations were made between five hemlock (Tsuga) species from eastern North America and Asia, resulting in over 5700 germinating seedlings. A subset of putative hybrid seedlings from each cross was tested for authenticity by various DNA marker systems. The most reliable and useful system for verifying hybrids was amplified fragment-length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Hybridizations between the eastern North American species, T. canadensis [L.] Carriere and T. caroliniana Engelm., and the Asian species, T. chinensis (Franch.) E. Pritz., were used as a model to test the inheritance, reliability, and ease of use of these markers. Using AFLP markers, we were able to verify 58 hybrids between T. caroliniana and T. chinensis, one hybrid between T. caroliniana and T. canadensis, but could find no definitive hybrids between T. canadensis and T. chinensis. Results using other marker systems, including RAPD, SCAR, ITS, and SSR, are also presented.
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Zsombik, László, and Zsuzsa Erdős. "Change of cultivation parameters of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) on different nutrient systems." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 61 (September 18, 2014): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/61/2040.
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The experiments were conducted at the Research Institute of Nyíregyháza, Research Institutes and Study Farm, Centre for Agricultural Sciences, University of Debrecen. We have studied the shoot number, plant height and fold thickness os asparagus for 3 years. We have set a fertilization experiment on 1500 m2 of plantations in 2013. We applied fertilizer, manure and sheet manure compost. The set yield we achieved by using fertilizer treatment. The Vitalim produced the largest crop, then the Cumulus and the lowest yield Grolim. We was produced by highest green mass was observed in Vitalim and Cumulus hybrids in each year. The Grolim hybrid produced the smallest shoot and plant height but the fold thickness was longer in the other two hybrids. Overall, the Vitalim hybrid has the best production parameters and each season.
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Ford, Garry Tyron, and Jane Mt Pleasant. "Competitive Abilities of Six Corn (Zea maysL.) Hybrids with Four Weed Control Practices." Weed Technology 8, no. 1 (March 1994): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00039312.
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Six corn hybrids were studied in field experiments in 1989 and 1990 to identify hybrids and corn plant characteristics that may be valuable in systems using reduced levels of weed control. Four weed control treatments (no-control, cultivation-only, band herbicide-plus-cultivation, and broadcast herbicide) represented main plots and maize hybrids were subplots. Medium-season hybrids with differences in height, early-season vigor, and leafiness were used. There were significant differences among hybrids in leaf angle, leaf width, leaf number, plant height, leaf area index (LAI), plant dry matter (DM) and grain and stover yields. Lower yielding hybrids had grain yields that ranged from 87 to 91% of the highest yielding hybrid. Aboveground corn characteristics were not correlated with weed numbers, weed cover, or weed biomass. A significant interaction between hybrid and weed control for grain yields was observed in 1989, suggesting that some hybrids are more competitive when weed pressure is high.
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Parfitt, D. E., S. Arulsekar, and D. W. Ramming. "Identification of Plum × Peach Hybrids by Isoenzyme Analysis." HortScience 20, no. 2 (April 1985): 246–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.20.2.246.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Two isoenzyme systems, glucose phosphate isomerase and phosphoglucomutase, were identified for use as starch gel electrophoretic markers of plum × peach (Prunus salicina × Prunus persica) interspecific hybrids. Two distinct regions of banding were associated with each enzyme system. Different unique banding patterns for each species were observed for plum and peach at 3 of 4 banding regions. Interspecific hybrid plants exhibited hybrid enzyme patterns with bands from both plum and peach in each region. Consequently, interspecific plum × peach hybrid genotypes may be distinguished from parental plum or peach genotypes. These enzyme systems may be used in breeding programs to identify plum × peach hybrid seedlings.
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Schütze, Christian. "Qualitätssicherung an Hybridsystemen." Angewandte Nuklearmedizin 45, no. 03 (August 16, 2022): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1715-5224.
Full textAbstract:
ZusammenfassungDie hybride Bildgebung in Form der SPECT/CT oder PET/CT bietet einen relevanten diagnostischen Vorteil durch die Kombination anatomischer mit funktioneller Bildgebung. Hierdurch wird neben der Möglichkeit der präzisen morphologischen Zuordnung funktioneller Prozesse auch eine Verbesserung der Bildgüte erzielt. Zur Sicherstellung einer einwandfreien Funktionsweise und konstant hohen Qualität der hybriden Bildgebung kommt der Qualitätssicherung an hybriden Systemen eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Hier gilt es, die Anforderungen an die einzelnen Komponenten zu beachten, wie auch die Anforderungen, die aus der Kombination beider Komponenten entstehen. Für alle 3 Teile (Computertomografie, nuklearmedizinscher Teil und hybride Bildgebung) gelten entsprechende regulatorische Grundlagen. Diese sind im folgenden Übersichtsartikel zusammengestellt. Darüber hinaus wird ein Überblick über die Prüfverfahren zur Abnahmeprüfung der Teilkomponenten sowie über die Konstanzprüfungen vermittelt. Es werden jedoch keine konkreten Erläuterungen zur Durchführung der einzelnen Prüfungen gegeben.
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Palstra, Isabelle M., Hugo M. Doeleman, and A. Femius Koenderink. "Hybrid cavity-antenna systems for quantum optics outside the cryostat?" Nanophotonics 8, no. 9 (May 16, 2019): 1513–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2019-0062.
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AbstractHybrid cavity-antenna systems have been proposed to combine the sub-wavelength light confinement of plasmonic antennas with microcavity quality factors Q. Here, we examine what confinement and Q can be reached in these hybrid systems, and we address their merits for various applications in classical and quantum optics. Specifically, we investigate their applicability for quantum-optical applications at noncryogenic temperatures. To this end we first derive design rules for hybrid resonances from a simple analytical model. These rules are benchmarked against full-wave simulations of hybrids composed of state-of-the-art nanobeam cavities and plasmonic-dimer gap antennas. We find that hybrids can outperform the plasmonic and cavity constituents in terms of Purcell factor, and additionally offer freedom to reach any Q at a similar Purcell factor. We discuss how these metrics are highly advantageous for a high Purcell factor, yet weak-coupling applications, such as bright sources of indistinguishable single photons. The challenges for room-temperature strong coupling, however, are far more daunting: the extremely high dephasing of emitters implies that little benefit can be achieved from trading confinement against a higher Q, as done in hybrids. An attractive alternative could be strong coupling at liquid nitrogen temperature, where emitter dephasing is lower and this trade-off can alleviate the stringent fabrication demands required for antenna strong coupling. For few-emitter strong-coupling, high-speed and low-power coherent or incoherent light sources, particle sensing and vibrational spectroscopy, hybrids provide the unique benefit of very high local optical density of states, tight plasmonic confinement, yet microcavity Q.
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Sawamura, K., T. Taira, and T. K. Watanabe. "Hybrid lethal systems in the Drosophila melanogaster species complex. I. The maternal hybrid rescue (mhr) gene of Drosophila simulans." Genetics 133, no. 2 (February 1, 1993): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/133.2.299.
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Abstract Hybrid females from Drosophila simulans females x Drosophila melanogaster males die as embryos while hybrid males from the reciprocal cross die as late larvae. The other two classes are sterile adults. Letting C, X, and Y designate egg cytoplasm, X, and Y chromosomes, respectively, and subscripts m and s stand for melanogaster and simulans, CmXmYs males are lethal in the larval stage and are rescued by the previously reported genes, Lhr (Lethal hybrid rescue) in simulans or Hmr (Hybrid male rescue) in melanogaster. We report here another rescue gene located on the second chromosome of simulans, mhr (maternal hybrid rescue) that, when present in the mother, rescues CsXmXs females from embryonic lethality. It has been postulated that the hybrids not carrying the Xs like CmXmYs males are larval lethal and that the hybrids carrying both the Cs and the Xm like CsXmXs females are embryonic lethal. According to these postulates CsXmYs males (obtained by mating attached-X simulans females to melanogaster males) should be doubly lethal, at both embryo and larval stages. When both rescuing genes are present, Hmr in the father and mhr in the mother, males of this genotype are fully viable, as predicted.