Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Système pluridisciplinaire'
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Chapon, Damien. "Apport de l'ingénierie des modèles et des langages de modélisation équationnels orientés objets à l'interopérabilité des méthodologies de conception d'architecture physique de systèmes." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112279.
Full textThe design of complex aircraft requires a collaborative design of its embodied systems. But the system physical architecture design methodologies used by the involved design teams or domains are heterogeneous. Ln order to obtain more interoperability between these varied design methodologies, we have studied two axes. 1st axis: The standardization of physical simulation software tools thanks to equation-based object-oriented languages and tools. Lndeed this class of acausal modelling languages allows a graphical modelling of complex physical systems by connecting blocks through physical connection. The behaviour of each block is described by a set of differential and algebraic equations. These modelling languages can therefore be used by different domains. They facilitate physical simulation models exchange for multi-system physical simulation in order to optimize sooner the multi-system global architecture. 2nd axis: Developing customized and interoperable design frameworks for different domains thanks to the model-driven engineering. We propose here a methodological guidance for the use of model-driven engineering concepts and technologies in order to develop customized and interoperable physical architecture design frameworks. The interoperability is inherited from the choices of technologies used to support the approach and from the guidance that we provide for the development of these frameworks. These two axes are joined in the last part with the development of a model-driven design framework that includes an analysis module based on Modelica
Deramecourt, Vincent. "Intérêt de l'analyse pluridisciplinaire dans la compréhension des mécanismes physiopathologiques des démences." Lille 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00429256/fr/.
Full textCharles, Smith. "Conception d'un système expert pour l’étude de la sécurité incendie de bâtiments dans un contexte pluridisciplinaire." Lyon, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAL0025.
Full textFire safety is a component of the technical function of a building. It is generally taken into account by the application of regulations. We propose a different method based on the search of risk factors and the best measures for their elimination. Our method is a systemic one which integrates knowledges about the technical, architectural and economic functions of the building. The works described concern: - a method of risk assessment based on belief-trees combining favourables and unfavourable probabilist hypotheses. - an expert-system for studying the fire safety of buildings providing two modes of expertise : one for the focalised studies, one for the more general expertise guided by a tasks scheduler. - a tool for developing large expert-systems managing many knowledge sources in natural language. - a knowledge elicitation method to enhance the knowledge engineer's performance by the anticipation of what knowledge to extract and how to proceed
Charles, Smith. "Conception d'un Système Expert pour l'étude de la Sécurité Incendie de Bâtiments dans un Contexte Pluridisciplinaire." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 1992. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003554.
Full textNéri, Adrien. "Etude de la différenciation métal-silicates dans les petits corps du système solaire : une approche pluridisciplinaire." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30184.
Full textMany early-accreted small bodies of the Solar System experienced metal-silicate differentiation. This process caused the metal and silicate to separate and may have led to the formation of a metallic core. This PhD focused on understanding the physical processes that drove this differentiation and their consequences on the materials found in the meteoritic record. In order to provide the most plausible models, a joint experimental and modeling approach was used. A three-phase experimental system was designed to be representative of natural samples undergoing differentiation and analyzed using computed 3D X-ray microtomography and electronic techniques. Metal-silicate differentiation mostly occurs though the percolation of an interconnected metallic network. However, significant extraction of the silicate melt is required to allow the formation of such a network. Differentiation remained partial in primitive achondrites due to late accretion and low silicate grain sizes that did not allow complete melting of the iron-rich phases or efficient melt extraction. Complete differentiation occurs for bodies accreted earlier that experienced a magma ocean stage. Models suggest that a significant fraction of the silicates does not melt (corresponding to the rheological threshold), preventing the metal particles from settling. At the end of the magma ocean phase, compaction and efficient extraction of the melts favors differentiation and the formation of achondrites (pallasites, stony and iron meteorites)
Billant, Jérémy. "Caractérisation de la déformation tectonique récente du système de failles de Belledonne et de l'avant pays alpin (vallée du Rhône) : apports d'une approche pluridisciplinaire." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4311/document.
Full textThe aim of this study is to characterize the Plio-Quaternary tectonic deformations related to the Belledonne fault system (western Alps). The low deformation rates and high erosion rates in the study area imply that a multi-disciplinary approach.From the Bauges to the Vercors massif this fault system is composed of strike-slip faults that are the NE trending right-lateral strike-slip Arcalod fault, the NE trending right-lateral strike-slip Belledonne border fault, the NW trending left-lateral strike-slip Brion fault and the NE trending right-lateral strike-slip Jasneuf fault.The determination of the late Cenozoic stress states revealed that the modern stress field responsible for the Belledonne fault system strike-slip kinematics dates from late upper Pliocene/early Pleistocene and came after the stress field caused by alpine collision.Unclear and undated (but probably pre Rissian) offset morphologic markers are described along the Arcalod and Brion faults. Belledonne border fault trace is not determined suggesting that deformation is accommodated in a wide shearing band.The Jasneuf fault offset morphologies whom ages are supposed Messinian and pre Rissian. Fault slip rate integrated since Messinian would be of 0.13±0.03 mm/yr. Considering that this fault appears limited to the sedimentary cover and excluding an aseismic behavior, she can generate 5.7 Mw earthquake each ~500 years.Modern deformation in the foreland is studied in the Toulaud valley (SW of Valence city) where a late Hercinian fault cross-cut the Messinian canyon of the Rhône river. First results show that the fault offset vertically the canyon, attesting aof Plio-Quaternary tectonics along it
Méline, Julie Clémentine. "Qualité du milieu urbain, environnement et santé humaine : cas d’étude pluridisciplinaire appliqué à la pollution atmosphérique issue du trafic routier et à l’asthme infantile à Cracovie." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040057.
Full textNowadays, the air pollution particularly emitted from road traffic in urban areas in the European Union, was associated with an increased prevalence of respiratory diseases. Among these associated pathologies, asthma is now a real public health issue particularly among children. Cracow, a city declared as a UNESCO World Heritage, is a relevant field study insofar as the source of air pollution, the road traffic is predominant and insofar as relevant relationships were shown between poor air quality and the development of asthma among children. A multidisciplinary methodological approach of health risk assessment, combining statistical, modeling CALINE4 and epidemiological approaches using Geographic Information System was developed to highlight relevant relationships between air pollution generated by road traffic and childhood asthma. The strongest Health Relative Risks have been highlighted up to 300 m from the roadway and particularly on the strategic roads of Cracow, i.e. the roads linking the two historic and modern downtowns of Cracow or the constitutive road of the bypass. These roads pass through the most densely districts where also lives the highest proportion of children most vulnerable to asthma.These results could encourage the planner to review the urban transport plan of Cracow and other cities with similar problems, in order to limit the impact of road traffic air pollution on the development of childhood asthma
Dupé, Valérie. "Conception multidisciplinaire de microsystèmes autonomes." Phd thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00858692.
Full textGuihal, David. "Modélisation en langage VHDL-AMS des systèmes pluridisciplinaires." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00157570.
Full textGlisse, Benoît. "Exploration scientifique par la conception collaborative de systèmes multi-agents." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066712.
Full textBeaugé, Lionel. "Définition de mécanismes de mémorisation pour les systèmes neuromimétiques (inspirations pluridisciplinaires)." Nancy 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NAN10407.
Full textBonnieux, Sébastien. "Flotteur pour la surveillance pluridisciplinaire de l’environnement marin. De l’expertise métier aux codes embarqués." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ4072.
Full textAs part of an ERC (European Research Council) project conducted at Geoazur from 2009 to 2015 by Guust Nolet, an autonomous profiler float equipped with a hydrophone and able to carry up to 8 sensors has been developed. It aims to acquire data in oceanic areas, poorly covered by current instrumentation. However, these data are necessary to carry out studies in various scientific fields, for example, to study the internal structure of the earth in geosciences (via the recording of seismic waves propagating inside the earth), the thermal balance of oceans in climatology, or the distribution of marine mammals in the oceans in biology. Most data must be processed before being transmitted by satellite because of the very limited transmission bandwidth. Data processing applications are usually developed by embedded systems specialists who have a good knowledge of the characteristics specific to the instrument. However, the need to involve these specialists greatly limits the flexibility, or even the ability of scientists to adapt the applications to their needs.In order to enable scientists to write applications for the instrument, we have created the MeLa (Mermaid Language) programming language, specifically designed for the Mermaid float. The language makes it possible to hide embedded systems specific aspects. It is based on computer models that allow computing the resources usage of the instrument (i.e., processor, power, satellite transmission) in order to ensure that the instrument limits are not exceeded. Models are also used to compose (i.e., combine) several applications to be installed on the same instrument and to ensure that they are compatible. Finally, models are used to generate reliable and efficient code (i.e., without bugs and efficient), on the one hand, to simulate applications on a personal computer and verify their behavior, and, on the other hand, to generate the embedded code used to program the instruments.This thesis is organized into four chapters. In the first chapter, we start by presenting the scientific and social issues involved in the acquisition of data in the oceans, then we introduce the Mermaid float and how it can respond to these issues and end by presenting different programming approaches for this type of instrument. The second chapter corresponds to an article published in the OCEANS 2019 conference proceedings. It shows the technical aspects of the MeLa language and in particular how we use models and how the approach is validated on an Arduino development board. The third chapter corresponds to an article published in the Sensors journal and is more focused on the use of language, a development method is proposed, and two applications are developed for the detection of earthquakes and the detection of blue whales. In the final chapter, we summarize the conclusions and offer a perspective of future developments
Martz, Yannick. "Modélisation et commande de systèmes d'entraînement de bandes flexibles : nouvelles approches à l'aide des éléments finis." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAD016.
Full textRoll-to-Roll systems are used in the manufacturing of a wide variety of everyday products as well as in metallurgy and for the manufacturing of new technologies. The improvement of Roll-to-Roll systems is a difficult problem because they are large, non-linear, with varying and uncertain parameters. They have a coupling between the different parts (mechanical and control) with the help of the web connecting the elements. It is therefore necessary to improve the process line through a multidisciplinary approach. The objectives are to master the key parameters of these systems in order to guarantee the manufacturing rates and the more important accuracies requested. It is also necessary to reduce or remove the most recurring defects such as web wrinkles. Until now, only 1D models were used. They are essential for control synthesis and frequency studies but they do not allow to study complex phenomena such as web wrinkles. A new approach for studying these systems is developed. First, improvements of control structures are proposed. Secondly, a 3D finite element model using a flexible multibody dynamics algorithm is developed, used in this work to study web wrinkles and compared to the classical prediction theory of these defects. Finally, a complete simulator is developed including the mechanical 3D model by finite element coupled to the control part (co-simulation)
HAMON, Juan Carlos. "Méthodes et outils de la conception amont pour les systèmes et les microsystèmes." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009523.
Full textDarwishe, Hanan. "Contribution des Systèmes d’Informations Géographiques (SIG) à la gestion et à l'aide à la décision : approche pluridisciplinaire pour l’évaluation des aspects à risques : site d’application : dans le nord de la France." Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10044/document.
Full textThe chalk aquifer of northern France is currently facing nitrate concentrations above the levels specified in the European Nitrates Directive. In the urban area of Lens, the drinking water resource occurs mainly in this chalk aquifer, but its nitrate concentrations can reach 100mg/l. This modeling study focuses on the chalk aquifer located in Béthune (17 km from Lens), which provides natural denitrification and ensures a good drinking water quality The management of Béthune’s aquifer requires the implementation of a numerical modeling that has proven to be a powerful tool for understanding the hydrodynamic behaviour of this chalk aquifer. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) offers an integrated platform of management, analysis, modeling, display and decision support. In this research, a methodology, based on the combination of GIS, hydrogeological modeling by Modflow, transport modeling by MT3D and Artificial Neural Networks model (ANN), was adopted to support groundwater management. A numerical flow model was created by the code “Modflow” using a Geographic Information System. A conceptual data model CDM has been prepared according to HBDS method and this is to visualize the relationships between the different studied phenomena. The physical data model PDM presenting by geodatabases has been made mainly in order to structure spatial (geographic) and/or no spatial (thematic) information, treatment, handling and creating input data were performed with a model designed in ArcGIS 9.3.1 software. Two simulations were done, steady state simulation in order to calibrate the model and transient simulation to define an optimum level of water use from two wells located in Béthune’s aquifer so as to supply Lens with drinking water without reducing the aquifer’s denitrification capacity. Water usage scenarios are defined and tested (in Modflow and using RNA) for dry and for wet years over the period 1972-2008. A nitrate transport model has been created by the code MT3D, and compared with another model based on a coupling between ANN and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) which build for spatial nitrate prediction of groundwater. This coupled model allows to create spatial distribution maps of nitrates at different time scales without creating transport models that rely on complex mathematical equations and that require a lot of input data. To get better the results of models created in this study, a tool of consulting and data management (GWMV) was created in ArcGIS using the VBA. This tool provides interfaces that are created for Bethune‘s aquifer management. The user can view and consult the inputs and outputs data in a more simple and effective way
Mogos, Emmanuel Florin. "Production décentralisée dans les réseaux de distribution. Etude pluridisciplinaire de la modélisation pour le contrôle des sources." Phd thesis, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001475.
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