Academic literature on the topic 'Système Sol-Vitis vinifera L'

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Journal articles on the topic "Système Sol-Vitis vinifera L"

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Zouheir, Talbi, EL ASRI Abdelaziz, TOUATI Jihane, et al. "Morphological characterization and diversity of endomycorrhizae in the rhizosphere of Carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua) in Morocco." Biolife 3, no. 1 (2022): 196–211. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7252829.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> The diversity of mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere of the carob tree (<em>Ceratonia siliqua</em>) was studied in five regions of Morocco: Taroudant, Kh&eacute;nifra, Afourar, Nador and Ksiba. Microscopic examination of the carob tree soil, collected from the studied areas, revealed the presence of 31 AM fungal species belonging to six genera <em>Glomus</em> (16 species),<em> Acaulospora</em> (7 species), <em>Scutellospora </em>(4 species), <em>Gigaspora</em> (2 species), <em>Entrophospora</em> and <em>Pacispora</em> (one species each)<em>. </em>The genus <em>Glomus</em> is the most abundant with a distribution percentage of 93%. Species richness varies between 13 and 18 species. All the encountered species were morphologically characterized basing on: shape, color, average size of the spore and its wall, spore surface and size of the hyphae. The diversity of AM fungi in different ecological studied zones varies from one site to another, it is higher in Taroudant site, the Shannon-Wiener index H &#39; is in the order of 2.78 and the index of Margalef IM 3.6. Furthermore, the similarity index of Jaccard shows a strong similarity between the Taroudant site and that of Afourar. <strong>Keywords: </strong><em>Ceratonia siliqua, </em>endomycorrhizae, Carob tree, Morocco, Fungi. <strong>REFERENCES </strong> &nbsp; Abbas Y., Ducousso M., Abourough M., Azcon R. and Duponnois R., 2006. Diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Masters woodlands in Morocco. Ann For Sci., 63: 285&ndash;291. Ait Aguil F., 2005. Contribution &agrave; l&rsquo;&eacute;tude de la biodiversit&eacute; de la flore fongique des for&ecirc;ts marocaines : cas des Basidiomyc&egrave;tes du Rif Occidental et des Gast&eacute;romyc&egrave;tes de la Mamora. Th&egrave;se de Doctorat, Univ. Ibn Tofail, Fac. Sci. K&eacute;nitra, 139 p. Batlle I., Tous J., 1997. Carob tree. <em>Ceratonia siliqua</em> L. Promoting the conservation and use of underutilized and neglected crops. 17. Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben/International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, Rome, Italy. 92p. Bergen M., Koske R.E., 1984. Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from sand dunes of Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Transactions of the British Mycological Society, 83: 157-158. Bever J.D., Westover K.M., Antonovics J., 1996. Incorporating the soil community into plant population dynamics: the utility of the feedback approach. <em>J. Ecol. </em>, <strong>85</strong>: 561&ndash;763. Blaszkowski J., Tadych M., Madej T. 2002., Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomales, Zygomycota) of the bledowska desert, Poland. Societastis Botanicorum Poloniae, 71(1): 71-85. Boudouresque C.F., 2014. Insights into the diversity of the biodiversity concept. Sci. Rep. Port-Cros natl. Park, 28 : 65-86. Chillasse L., Dakki M. &amp;&nbsp; Abbassi M., 2001. Valeurs et fonctions &eacute;cologiques des Zones humides du Moyen Atlas (Maroc). Humedales Mediterr&aacute;neos, 139 &ndash; 146. Cruz S.J.C., 1989. Estudio de la simbiosis micorrızica vesicular arbuscular en el cultivo de <em>Coffea arabica </em>var. caturra. Fitopatol Colomb. 13: 56 &ndash; 64. Dahssi H., Dakki M., El Agbani M., Falaki H., Ibn Tattou M., Jaafar B. &amp; Maghnouj, M., 2004. Strat&eacute;gie nationale pour la conservation et l&rsquo;utilisation durable de la diversit&eacute; Biologique. 15 p. El Asri A., Talbi Z., Ait Aguil F., Chliyeh M., Sghir F., Touati J., Ouazzani Touhami A., Benkirane R And Douira A., 2014. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Associated with Rhizosphere of Carob Tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) in Morocco. Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. 2 (3): 286-297. Emberger L., 1938. Les arbres du Maroc et comment les conna&icirc;tre. La rose, Edit. Paris, 317p. Gerdemann J.W. &amp; Nicolson T.H., 1963. Spores of mycorrhizal endogone species extracted from soil by wet sieving and decanting. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc., 46, 235. Gharnit N., Et Mtili N., Ennabili A. T. and Ennabili A., 2001. Social characterization and exploitation of carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) from Mokrisset and Bab Taza (NW of Morocco). Sci. Lett. 3 n&deg;2. Giovannetti M. et Nicolson T.H., 1983. Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza in Italian sand dunes. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc., 80(3): 552-556. Guadarrama P. and Alvarez-Sanches F.J., 1999. Abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores in different environments in a tropical rain forest, Veracruz, Mexico. Mycorrhiza, 8: 267-270. Haas J.H. Menge J.A., 1990. VA mycorrhizal fungi and soil characteristics in avocado (Persea Americana mill.) orchard soil. Plant and Soil, The Hague, v.127, n.2, p.207-212. Hanane S., 2010. Biom&eacute;trie des tourterelles des bois, Streptopelia turtur, dans le sud du Maroc (r&eacute;gion de Taroudant). Ecologia Mediterranea, 36 (1)&nbsp;: 107-110. Hatim A. &amp; Tahrouch S., 2007. Caract&eacute;risations chimique, botanique et microbiologique du sol des dunes littorales du Souss-Massa. Biomatec Echo., <strong>2(5)</strong>: 85-97. Helgason T., Merryweather J. W., Young J. P. And Fitter A. H., 2007. Specificity and resilience in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of a natural woodland community. <em>J. Ecol., </em>95 : 623&ndash;630. Huston M.A., 1994. Biological diversity. The coexistence of species on changing landscapes, Cambridge University Press.681p. Jaccard P., 1912. The distribution of the flora in the alpine zone. New Phytol<em>., </em>11 : 37&ndash;50. Jefwa J.M., Mung&rsquo;atu J., Okoth P., Muya E., Roimen H. and Njuguini S., 2009. Influence of Land use types on occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the high altitude regions of Mt. Kenya. Trop. Subtrop. Agroecosystems, <strong>11</strong>: 277&ndash;290. Debabrata panda and Poly tikadar. 2014. Effect of flyash incorporation in soil on germination and seedling characteristics of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Biolife. 2(3):800-807. Lakshmipathy R., 2005. Impact of land use types on arbuscular mycorrhizal population and diversity. Ph. D. Thesis, Univ. Agric. Sci., Bangalore, Karnataka (India). Lakshmipathy R., Balakrishna A. N., Bagyaraj D. J., Sumana D. A And Kumar D. P., 2004. Evaluation, grafting success and field establishment of cashew rootstock as influenced by VAM fungi. Indian J. Expt. Biol., 42 : 1132-1135. Leal P.L., St&uuml;rmer S.L., Siqueira J.O., 2009. Occurrence and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in trap cultures from soils under different land use systems in the Amazon, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology 40: 111&ndash;121. Lopes E.S., Oliveira E., De Dias R.A. and Schenck, N.C., 1983. Occurrence and distribution of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in coffee (<em>Coffea arabica </em>L.) plantations in central Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Turrialba, 33: 417&ndash;422. M. N. Abubacker M. Visvanathan and S. Srinivasan., 2014. Impact of pesticides on AMF spore population and diversity in banana (<em>Musa</em> spp.) Plantation soils. Biolife. 2(4):1279-1286 Margalef R., 1958. Information theory in ecology. <em>Gen. Systems, </em>3 : 36-71. Mohammad J.M., Rushdi Hamadt S. and Issa Malkawit H., 2003. Population of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in semi-arid environment of Jordan as influenced by biotic and abiotic factors. <em>Journal of Arid</em> <em>Environments</em>, 53: 409- 417. Mohankumar V. AND Mahadevan A., 1987. Ecological distribution of VAM in tropical forest. In : Mycorrhiza Round Table Proceedings of the national workshop held at JNU, New Delhi, 13-15 March, pp. 238-256. Morton J. B. And Bentivenga S. P., 1994. Levels of diversity in endomycorrhizal fungi (Glomales, Zygomycetes) and their role in defining taxonomic and nontaxonomic groups. Plant Soil<em>, </em>159 : 47-59. Muleta D., Assefa F., Nemomissa S. and Granhall U., 2008. Distribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores in soils of smallholder agroforestry and monocultural coffee systems in southwestern Ethiopia. Biol Fertil. Soils, 44: 653&ndash;659. Newsham K.K., Fitter A.H., Watterson A.R., 1995. Arbuscular mycorrhiza protect an annual grass from root pathogenic fungi in the field. Journal of Ecology 83, 991&ndash;1000. Nicolson T.H., Johnston C., 1979. Mycorrhiza in Gramineae III. <em>Glomus fasciculatum</em> as the endophyte of pioneer grasses in maritime sand dunes. Trans. Br. Mycol. Soc., 72: 261&ndash;268. Nirmalnath P.J., 2010. Molecular diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and pink pigmented facultative methylotrophic bacteria and their influence on grapevine (<em>vitis vinifera)</em>. University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. 148 p. Oehl F., Jansa J., Ineichen K., M&auml;der P. et van der Heijden M., 2011. Champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires, bioindicateurs dans les sols agricoles suisses. Recherche Agronomique Suisse 2 (7&ndash;8): 304&ndash;311. Oehl F., Sieverding E., Ineichen K., Mader P., Boller T. And Wiemken A., 2003. Impact of land use intensity on the species diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in agroecosystems of central Europe. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69 : 2816&ndash;2824. &Ouml;pik M., Moora M., Zobel M., Saks &Uuml;., Wheatley R., Wright F. And Daniell T., 2008. High diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a boreal herb-rich coniferous forest. New Phytologist, 179 : 867&ndash;876. Ouahmane L., Ndoye I., Morino A., Ferradous A., Sfairi Y., Al Faddy M. N. and Abourouh M., 2012. Inoculation of <em>Ceratonia siliqua </em>L<em>. </em>with native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi mixture improves seedling establishment under greenhouse conditions. African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 11(98), pp. 16422-16426. Ouchkif M., 1988. Etude sur le caroubier.Append number 8 of Project Ouest Srou. MARA (Morocco). GTZ (Germany), DPA of Khenefra (unpublished). Ragupathy S., Nagarjan G., Mahadevan A., 1998. Mycorrhizae in coastal sand dunes of Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu. <em>Jour. Envir. Biol</em>., <strong>19(3)</strong>: 281-284. Ramade F., 1993. Dictionnaire encyclop&eacute;dique de l&rsquo;&eacute;cologie et des sciences de l&rsquo;environnement. Paris : Ediscience International. 822 p. Rillig M.C., Mummey D.L., 2006. Mycorrhizas and soil structure. New Phytologist 171,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 41-53. Schenck N.C. et Kinloch R.A., 1980. Incidence of mycorrhizal fungi on six field crops in monoculture on a newly cleared woodland site. Mycologia, 72: 445-456. Shannon C. E. And Weaver W., 1949. The Mathematical Theory of Communication. University of Illinois Press, Urabana. SHI Z.Y., WANG F. Y. AND WEI Y. L., 2007. Natural forest and forest plantation affect diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere of <em>Diptorocarpaceae</em>. American-Eurasian J. Agric. and Environ. Sci., 2(4) : 411- 416. Stutz J. C., 2003. Preliminary assessment of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity and community structure in an urban ecosystem. Mycorrhiza<em>, </em>13: 319-326. Tchabi A., Coyne D., Hountondji F., Lawouin L., Wiemken A. And Oehl F., 2008. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the &lsquo;yam belt&rsquo; of West Africa, African J. Biotechnol., 56 : 256-268 Tesfaye G., Teketay D., Assefa Y. and Fetene M., 2004. The influence of fire on soil seed bank composition and density and regeneration in a humid tropical forst, southeast Ethiopia. Mount. Res. Dev. 24: 354 &ndash; 361. Walker C. &amp; Mize C.W., 1982. Population of endogonaceous fungi at two locations in central Iowa. Can. J.Bot., 60: 2518-2529. Zhao Z.W., Xia Y.M., Qin X.Z., Li X.W., Cheng L.Z., Sha T. and Wang G.H., 2001.&nbsp; Arbuscular mycorrhizal status of plants and the spore density of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the tropical rain forest of Xishuangbanna, southwest China. Mycorrhiza, 11: 159-162. &nbsp;
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"Berry Ripening and Evapotranspiration in Vitis vinifera L." American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 51, no. 4 (2000). http://dx.doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2000.51.4.340.

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Yobregat, Olivier, Laurent Audeguin, Sandrine Lalet, Thierry Lacombe, and Jean-Michel Boursiquot. "Expression différencielle des symptômes de la virose du court-noué chez Viti vinifera : revue bibliographique, observations de terrain et notations en collection." October 23, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5535907.

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La virose du court-nou&eacute;, qui s&rsquo;est &eacute;tendue &agrave; la faveur de la reconstitution post-phyllox&eacute;rique, constitue aujourd&rsquo;hui une pr&eacute;occupation majeure des vignobles mondiaux. La lutte directe s&rsquo;av&eacute;rant hors de port&eacute;e &agrave; l&lsquo;heure actuelle, concernant une maladie incurable dont les vecteurs se maintiennent et restent infectieux dans le sol durant de tr&egrave;s longues p&eacute;riodes, les efforts de la recherche se concentrent sur plusieurs pistes, parmi lesquelles la voie g&eacute;n&eacute;tique semble la plus prometteuse et la plus avanc&eacute;e. Si la caract&eacute;risation de r&eacute;sistances et tol&eacute;rances au sein du genre Vitis est exploit&eacute;e en vue de l&rsquo;obtention de porte-greffes retardant ou limitant la contamination, les diff&eacute;rences d&rsquo;expressions symptomatiques au sein des vari&eacute;t&eacute;s de Vitis vinifera ont &eacute;t&eacute; tr&egrave;s peu abord&eacute;es jusqu&rsquo;&agrave; pr&eacute;sent. Dans cet article, bas&eacute; sur des observations de terrain et des notations en collection, nous proposons une liste de c&eacute;pages traditionnels de diverses origines peu ou tr&egrave;s peu impact&eacute;s par la maladie, dans le but de d&eacute;signer du mat&eacute;riel d&rsquo;&eacute;tude pour de futurs travaux.
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"Berry Phenolics in Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) during Late-Stage Ripening." American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, September 1, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2010.61.3.285.

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"Assessing Genetic Variation among Pinot noir (Vitis vinifera L.) Clones with AFLP Markers." American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, December 1, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2007.58.4.526.

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"Genetic Variation among Koshu (Vitis vinifera L.) Accessions Generated by Retrotransposon Insertion into Genome." American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, December 1, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2009.60.4.490.

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"Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Grapevine Accessions Known as Moravia/o (Vitis vinifera L.)." American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, December 1, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2007.58.4.544.

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"Biodiversity and Characterization of Twenty-two Vitis vinifera L. Cultivars in the Northwestern Iberian Peninsula." American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, September 1, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2009.60.3.293.

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"Influence of Agrobacterium Strain, Culture Medium, and Cultivar on the Transformation Efficiency of Vitis vinifera L." American Journal of Enology and Viticulture 53 (2002). http://dx.doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2002.53.3.183.

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"Vegetative Growth Responses of Pinot gris (Vitis vinifera L.) Grapevines to Infestation by Potato Leafhoppers (Empoasca fabae Harris)." American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, June 1, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5344/ajev.2009.60.2.130.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Système Sol-Vitis vinifera L"

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Barbera, Marcella. "Behaviour of rare earth elements in the soil/Vitis Vinifera L. system : geochemical approach for food traceability." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUS352.pdf.

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La traçabilité géographique des produits alimentaires à l'aide de marqueurs chimiques est un défi important pour garantir la qualité et l'authenticité des aliments. Le comportement des Eléments de Terres Rares (REE) a été identifié comme un possible outil pour l'identification géographique des aliments. Dans cette thèse, le comportement des REE dans le système Sol-Vitis vinifera L. a été exploré en utilisant une approche géochimique. L'objectif est de comprendre si le spectre normalisé des REE (REE*) peut être un outil pour retracer l'origine géographique des aliments. Nous nous sommes concentrés sur des plantes cultivées sur des substrats enrichis et non enrichis en REE, en nous demandant si les enrichissements en REE du sol influencent la croissance de Vitis vinifera L et l'accumulation des REE dans les organes de la plante. Nous avons trouvé que l'enrichissement en REE du sol n'influence ni la masse de la plante ni l'accumulation de REE dans les feuilles, ce qui implique que les sols pollués par les REE ne devraient pas influencer significativement la quantité des REE trouvée dans le produit alimentaire de Vitis vinifera L. Nous démontrons que les REE* des organes de la plante sont capables de tracer les conditions d'enrichissement du sol en discriminant les conditions environnementales de la croissance de Vitis vinifera L. Puisque les REE* peuvent être utilisés pour différencier les plantes de différents sols de croissance, nous proposons que les REE* sont un marqueur potentiel pour identifier le substrat de croissance de Vitis vinifera L. Par conséquent, nous proposons que les REE sont un outil potentiel pour évaluer la qualité et la sécurité d'autres écosystèmes<br>The geographic traceability of food products through the use of chemical markers is an important challenge to ensure quality and authenticity of food. In recent years, the behaviour of Rare Earth Elements (REE) has been identified as possible tool for food geographical identification based on their known capability of tracing pedo-genetic and petro-genetic processes. In this thesis, the behaviour of REE in the Soil/Vitis vinifera L. system has been explored using a geochemical approach. The goal is to understand if the normalized pattern of REE (REE*) can be a useful tool to trace the geographical origin of food. We focused on plants grown in both greenhouse and field using REE enriched and non-enriched substrates wondering if REE soil enrichments influence the growth of Vitis vinifera L. and the REE accumulation in plant organs. We found that the stress generated by REE enriched soil does not influence neither the plant mass nor the REE accumulation in leaves implying that REE polluted soils should not influence the amount of REE found in Vitis vinifera L food-products. We have, also, demonstrated that that the REE* in plant organs t trace enriched soil substrates discriminating plants from different soils of growth. This work allows to propose that REE* as potential marker for identifying the substrate where Vitis vinifera L. growth. Finally, discrimination of substrate enrichments suggests that REE* is a potential tool for quality and safety of other ecosystems. Our experimental investigation improves our knowledge on REE uptake in soil-Vitis vinifera L. system, highlighting the potential use of REE as biogeochemical tracers of environmental conditions<br>La tracciabilità geografica dei prodotti alimentari, attraverso l'uso di traccianti chimici, è una sfida importante per garantire la qualità e l'autenticità degli alimenti. Negli ultimi anni, il comportamento degli Elementi delle Terre Rare (REE) è stato identificato come possibile strumento per l'identificazione geografica degli alimenti, sulla base della nota proprietà di tracciare i processi pedo-genetici e petro-genetici. In questa tesi, il comportamento dei REE nel sistema Suolo/Vitis vinifera L. è stato esplorato utilizzando un approccio geochimico. L'obiettivo è capire se il modello normalizzato di REE (REE*) può essere uno strumento utile per tracciare l'origine geografica degli alimenti. Le REE possono essere accumulate nelle piante mantenendo la loro distribuzione nel passaggio dal suolo alle foglie o ai frutti, anche se le foglie possono incorporare i metalli lisciviati dalle particelle di polvere atmosferica in particolari condizioni ambientali. Tuttavia, il meccanismo di trasferimento di REE dal suolo alle piante è poco conosciuto. Ci siamo concentrati su piante cresciute sia in serra che in campo usando substrati arricchiti e non arricchiti di REE chiedendoci se gli arricchimenti del suolo di REE influenzassero la crescita di Vitis vinifera L. e l'accumulo di REE negli organi della pianta, testando l'uso di REE* come discriminatore di piccole quantità di REE nel suolo. Inoltre, abbiamo valutato il ruolo giocato dallo xylema nel trasferimento di REE e il possibile impatto fisiologico nella Vitis vinifera L. Abbiamo trovato che lo stress generato dal suolo arricchito di REE non influenza né la massa della pianta né l'accumulo di REE nelle foglie e abbiamo dimostrato che le REE* negli organi della pianta sono in grado di tracciare le condizioni del suolo arricchito discriminando le condizioni ambientali di crescita della Vitis vinifera L. Poiché REE* può essere usato per differenziare le piante da diversi terreni di crescita, proponiamo che l'uso di REE* sia un potenziale marcatore per identificare il substrato di crescita di Vitis vinifera L. Dal nostro lavoro si possono dedurre importanti implicazioni dal punto di vista ambientale. Poiché la quantità iniziale di REE nei substrati non influenza la quantità accumulata nelle foglie, eventuali suoli inquinati da REE non dovrebbero influenzare significativamente la quantità di REE trovata nei prodotti alimentari di Vitis vinifera L. Infine, la capacità di discriminare degli arricchimenti del substrato suggerisce che REE* può essere uno strumento potenziale per valutare la qualità e la sicurezza di altri ecosistemi. La nostra indagine sperimentale migliora le nostre conoscenze sull'assorbimento di REE nel sistema Suolo/Vitis vinifera L. evidenziando il potenziale uso di REE come traccianti biogeochimici delle condizioni ambientali
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Mabrouk, Hatem. "Influence de la vigueur et du système de conduite de la vigne (Vitis vinifera L. ) sur sa structure géométrique et son microclimat lumineux en tant que facteurs de la qualité de la vendange." Montpellier, ENSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ENSA0010.

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L'influence de la vigueur et du systeme de conduite de la vigne sur sa structure geometrique et son microclimat lumineux est etudiee. Une gamme de variation de structure et de microclimat a ete cree en combinant trois niveaux de vigueur et quatre systemes de conduite faisant intervenir la division de la vegetation et le port des rameaux. La structure geometrique est decrite a l'aide d'indices de structure couramment utilises en viticulture, des distributions spatiales et angulaires de surface foliaire et enfin des images virtuelles de souches de vignes reelles. Ces images de synthese sont obtenues a partir des donnees de digitalisation 3d des vignes qui permet de determiner les coordonnees spatiales et l'orientation de tous les organes aeriens de la plante. Le microclimat lumineux est simule par deux approches. La premiere approche utilise un modele de transferts radiatifs de type milieu diffusant. L'interception du rayonnement et sa distribution a l'interieur de la vegetation sont calcules et les resultats sont valides par des mesures au vignoble. Dans la seconde approche, le microclimat lumineux est simule a l'aide de maquettes informatiques en utilisant des images de synthese des vignes digitalisees. Cette approche a permis de calculer l'interception du rayonnement direct, la surface foliaire eclairee et la quantite de rayonnement parvenant au milieu de la zone des grappes. Les parametres radiatifs et les indices de structure obtenus a partir des images de synthese des vignes sont mis en relation avec quelques caracteristiques de la qualite de la vendange.
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Miele, Alberto. "Recherches sur la composition en acides aminés et en acides gras des feuilles et des raisins de Vitis vinifera L. Cv Cabernet Sauvignon pendant la période de maturation et en fonction du système de conduite." Bordeaux 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR20023.

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Des analyses de feuilles (sites de synthèse) et de baies (sites d'accumulation) ont été faites à quatre stades du développement des baies. Les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence les différences de composition qui existent, à chaque époque, entre les feuilles et les baies et entre les différentes parties de la baie (péricarpes, pellicules, moûts et pépins). Ils montrent aussi l'influence des conditions externes. A maturité des raisins, ce sont les pellicules et les péricarpes qui, par rapport à la matière sèche, sont plus riches en acides aminés libres, puis les pépins et les feuilles. L'acide glutamique, la glutamine et l'acide aspartique prédominent dans les feuilles, la proline et l'arginine dans les péricarpes, les pellicules, les moûts et les pépins.
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Millard, Lindsay Theresa. "Effect of Training Systems on Viognier (Vitis vinifera L.) Grape and Wine Glycosides and Volatile Compounds." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41636.

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Viognier (Vitis vinifera L.) grapes were grown in Northern Virginia for three seasons using three different training systems in a randomized complete block design consisting of Vertical Shoot Positioned (VSP), Smart Dyson (SD), and Geneva Double Curtain (GDC), and evaluated for the effects on grape and wine glycosides and volatile compounds. Fruit was harvested at the same Brix each season, and differences in berry weights were not observed. VSP-trained vines had the lowest crop load and lowest light levels in the fruit zone. Seventeen volatile compounds were analyzed using headspace solid-phase microextraction, GC-MS. Fruit showed differences in linalool, á-terpineol, â-damascenone, and n-hexanol concentrations among the training systems. Wines showed differences in both grape-derived and fermentation-derived volatiles. SD had the highest concentration for most of the free volatiles quantified in both the juice and wine. VSP had lower phenol-free wine glycosides all three seasons and lower phenol-free juice glycosides one season. Triangle difference sensory testing demonstrated differences between GDC and SD in wine aroma and flavor, and differences between VSP and SD in flavor, for two of three seasons.<br>Master of Science
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BARBERA, Marcella. "Behaviour of REE in the soil/Vitis Vinifera L. system. Geochemical Approach for Food Traceability." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/526118.

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The geographic traceability of food products through the use of chemical markers is an important challenge to ensure quality and authenticity of food. In recent years, the behaviour of Rare Earth Elements (REE) has been identified as possible tool for food geographical identification based on their known capability of tracing pedo-genetic and petro-genetic processes. In this thesis, the behaviour of REE in the Soil/Vitis vinifera L. system has been explored using a geochemical approach. The goal is to understand if the normalized pattern of REE (REE*) can be a useful tool to trace the geographical origin of food. REE may be accumulated in plants keeping their distribution in passing from soil to leaves or fruits. However, the mechanism of soil/plant REE transfer is poorly known, even if leaves may incorporate metals leached from atmospheric dust particles in particular environmental conditions. We focused on plants grown in both greenhouse and field using REE enriched and non-enriched substrates wondering if REE soil enrichments influence the growth of Vitis vinifera L. and the REE accumulation in plant organs testing the use of REE* as discriminator of small amounts of REE in the soil. We, also, have evaluated the role of xylem-sap in the transfer of REE transfer and the possible physiological impact in Vitis vinifera L. We found that the stress generated by REE enriched soil does not influence neither the plant mass nor the REE accumulation in leaves and demonstrated that the REE* in plant organs traces enriched soil substrates discriminating plants from different soils of growth. This work allows to propose that REE* as potential marker for identifying the substrate where Vitis vinifera L. grows. This work yields, also, important consequences from environmental perspective: since the REE amount in the substrates does not influence the amount accumulated in leaves REE polluted soils should not influence the amount of REE found in Vitis vinifera L food-products. Finally, discrimination of substrate enrichments suggests that REE* is a potential tool for quality and safety of other ecosystems. Our experimental investigation improves our knowledge on REE uptake in soil-Vitis vinifera L. system, highlighting the potential use of REE as biogeochemical tracers of environmental conditions.
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Daverede, Christine. "Influence de différents équilibres K-Ca sur la nutrition cationique et le manque d'acidité des moûts et des vins du cépage Negrette (Vitis vinifera L. ) greffé sur 101. 14 M. G. , cultivé en hors-sol." Toulouse, INPT, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPT008A.

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Pour contribuer a resoudre le probleme du manque d'acidite de certains vins, nous avons etudie, en culture hydroponique, l'influence de differents equilibres k-ca sur la nutrition cationique et la qualite des mouts et des vins de negrette. Dans un premier essai, une serie d'equilibres k-ca a ete testee. Les sommes cationiques etant constantes, nous avons fait varier les teneurs relatives en potassium et en calcium (respectivement de 0,4 a 8,7 et de 0,1 a 8,4 meq. L#-#1). Cet essai a montre que la negrette est sensible aux variations de composition cationique de la solution nutritive, que ses besoins en potassium sont faibles et qu'elle absorbe facilement cet element. En essai de longue duree, trois des solutions precedentes ont ete etudiees: une solution temoin (k:3,9-ca:4,8 meq. L#-#1), une solution faible en potassium (k:0,3-ca:8,4 meq. L#-#1), une solution riche en potassium (k:7,1-ca:1,6 meq. L#-#1), ainsi que la solution temoin surchargee en calcium pour simuler un chaulage (k:3,9-ca:13,8 meq. L#-#1). Ce deuxieme essai a confirme les resultats de la premiere experimentation sur la partie vegetative. Sur les mouts, l'augmentation de la concentration du potassium dans la solution (et la baisse du calcium) entraine celle de la teneur en cet element (+3,7 g. L#-#1), du ph (+0,4 unite) et de la concentration en acide malique (+7 g. L#-#1) ; d'autre part, la surcharge en calcium entraine une diminution de ces trois parametres (respectivement de 0,7 g. L#-#1 ; 0,1 unite et 1,9 g. L#-#1). Des microvinifications ont montre que les variations du ph sont amplifiees dans les vins (+0,8 unite entre les solutions (k:0,3-ca:8,4 meq. L#-#1) et (k:7,1-ca:1,6 meq. L#-#1) ; -0,2 unite entre les solutions (k:3,9-ca:4,8 meq. L#-#1) et (k:3,9-ca:13,8 meq. L#-#1)), confirmant le role important joue par les equilibres cationiques, en particulier par le potassium dans l'acidite des vins
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Miele, Alberto. "Recherches sur la composition en acides aminés et en acides gras des feuilles et des raisins de Vitis vinifera L. CV. Cabernet Sauvignon pendant la période de maturation et en fonction du système de conduite." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37599668h.

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Gatti, Matteo. "Evaluation de l'effet du terroir sur la teneur en stilbènes du vin." Phd thesis, Angers, 2012. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00994185.

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Le constat que la qualité du vin prend ses origines dans le vignoble est bien enraciné dans la culture européenne. De cette façon, le zonage viticole est à la base de la caractérisation et de la valorisation des produits de terroir tenant compte de l'attention croissante des consommateurs envers les aliments fonctionnels (avec des propriétés nutritionnelles et des bienfaits sur la santé due à leur richesse en molécules comme vitamines et polyphénols). L'enjeu général s'inscrit dans une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes qui sont à la base du fonctionnement de la vigne et de la qualité du vin ainsi que cette étude vise la recherche des terroirs où le taux des stilbènes des vins est le plus élevé. Nous avons considéré deux réseaux de parcelles, l'un de Cabernet franc dans le Saumurois-Touraine (France) et l'autre de Sangiovese di Romagna (Italie). La caractérisation des terroirs et l'analyse des stilbènes des vins issus de chaque parcelle ont été étudiées sur de plusieurs années (de 2003 à 2005 en France, en 2008 et 2009 en Italie) Nous avons identifié cinq UTB dans le Saumurois-Touraine et trois UTB dans le Sangiovese di Romagna. Nos résultats montrent bien que le terroir affecte le métabolisme des stilbènes d'une façon importante et en particulier la teneur en transresvératrol dans le Saumurois-Touraine dépend pour le 58% du terroir. L'effet du millésime (climat) est dominant tandis que l'effet du sol et du sous-sol est secondaire au climat. L'altitude de la parcelle et la teneur en calcaire actif du sol favorisent l'augmentation du resvératrol des vins. La texture du sol affecte le métabolisme des stilbènes ainsi que la teneur en argile augmente la concentration du vin en ces molécules<br>The observation that the quality of wine takes its origin in the vineyard is well rooted in the European culture. In this way, the viticultural zoning allows to characterize and to develop the 'Terroir'-based products also considering the recent increased consumers' attention on functional foods (that combine nutritional and healthy properties due to the high concentration of bioactive compounds as vitamins and phenols). Therefore, this study aims at identifying viticultural areas which can maximize the concentration of stilbenes in the wine using a 'Terroir' approach. We have considered fourteen vineyards of Cabernet franc in Saumurois-Touraine (France) and fourteen vineyards of Sangiovese in Romagna (Italy). The characterization of 'terroir' was carried out over three years in France (2003-2005) and over two years in Italy (2008-2009) along with determination of wine stilbene concentration. Five UTB (Terroir-based Unit) were identified in Saumurois-Touraine and three in Romagna. 'Terroir' significantly affected the metabolism of stilbenes and the level of trans-resveratrol in Saumurois-Touraine was influenced for 58% by 'Terroir'. The effect of the year (climate) was dominant whereas the effect of soil and sub-soil was secondary to climate. The vineyard elevation and the active-lime in the soil enhanced resveratrol content in wines. The soil texture affected the stilbene metabolism so the clayiest soil increased their wine concentration
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Gatti, Matteo. "Evaluation de l'effet du terroir sur la teneur en stilbènes du vin." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00994185.

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Le constat que la qualité du vin prend ses origines dans le vignoble est bien enraciné dans la culture européenne. De cette façon, le zonage viticole est à la base de la caractérisation et de la valorisation des produits de terroir tenant compte de l'attention croissante des consommateurs envers les aliments fonctionnels (avec des propriétés nutritionnelles et des bienfaits sur la santé due à leur richesse en molécules comme vitamines et polyphénols). L'enjeu général s'inscrit dans une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes qui sont à la base du fonctionnement de la vigne et de la qualité du vin ainsi que cette étude vise la recherche des terroirs où le taux des stilbènes des vins est le plus élevé. Nous avons considéré deux réseaux de parcelles, l'un de Cabernet franc dans le Saumurois-Touraine (France) et l'autre de Sangiovese di Romagna (Italie). La caractérisation des terroirs et l'analyse des stilbènes des vins issus de chaque parcelle ont été étudiées sur de plusieurs années (de 2003 à 2005 en France, en 2008 et 2009 en Italie) Nous avons identifié cinq UTB dans le Saumurois-Touraine et trois UTB dans le Sangiovese di Romagna. Nos résultats montrent bien que le terroir affecte le métabolisme des stilbènes d'une façon importante et en particulier la teneur en transresvératrol dans le Saumurois-Touraine dépend pour le 58% du terroir. L'effet du millésime (climat) est dominant tandis que l'effet du sol et du sous-sol est secondaire au climat. L'altitude de la parcelle et la teneur en calcaire actif du sol favorisent l'augmentation du resvératrol des vins. La texture du sol affecte le métabolisme des stilbènes ainsi que la teneur en argile augmente la concentration du vin en ces molécules.
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ČURDOVÁ, Jiřina. "Zhodnocení vývoje PIWI a tradičních odrůd révy vinné [Vitis vinifera L. ssp. sativa (DC.) Hegi]: v systému integrované produkce." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-376294.

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The graduation thesis deals with history of winery and the culture of wine in the Czech Republic. In the first part the author focused on attribute of wineyard Pustina, its original and climatic charakteristics. There is a description od selected variaties of grapevine, which were used as experimental plants. The practical part of thesis is based on the result of experimental planting of chosen varieties of grapevine as recommendation for another wineyards with the same weather conditions as Pustina.
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Book chapters on the topic "Système Sol-Vitis vinifera L"

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Galadima Moustapha, Mahamane, and Erdem Yilmaz. "The impact of biochar applications on specific soil fertility parameters." In Sustainable Use of Biochar [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1002907.

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Biochar technology is a rapidly growing field of interest within the scientific community due to its multifunctional functions. This study aims to assess the impact of the application of different types of biochar on specific soil fertility parameters. To conduct this study, four different types of plant residues (Vine (Vitis vinifera L.), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), Banana (Musa), and Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus. L.)) were used to produce biochar through slow pyrolysis system at 300°C and 500°C. The experiment was designed in randomized complete block with five replications and nine treatments. The treatments included the Control, Vineyard biochar (300°C and 500°C), Tomato biochar (300°C and 500°C), Banana biochar (300°C and 500°C), and Carnation biochar (300°C and 500°C). The trial consisted of a total of 45 pots. Each pot contained 10 kg of soil and 80 g of biochar (equivalent to 20 tons ha−1) strongly mixed and incubated for 300 days. At the end of the incubation period, the biochar treatments were found to improve specific soil fertility parameters (pH, EC, CEC, soil penetration resistance, and bulk density) compared to the control. The use of biochar as a soil enhancer proved to be an effective method for managing soil fertility. This research provides valuable insights into the potential benefits of biochar in sustainable agriculture.
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Conference papers on the topic "Système Sol-Vitis vinifera L"

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"Development of genetic maps for grapevine hybrid populations (Vitis vinifera L. × Muscadinia rotundifolia Michx.)." In Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (SBB-2021) : The 13th International Young Scientists School;. ICG SB RAS, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/sbb-plantgen-2021-10.

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