Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Systèmes de faible dimension'
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Ligarius, Philippe. "Observateurs de systèmes bilinéaires à paramètres répartis : application à un échangeur thermique." Rouen, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ROUE5041.
Full textVaccarelli, Ornella. "Exotic phenomena in the new frustrated spin ladder Li2Cu2O(SO4)2." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS117.
Full textThe study of frustrated spin-1/2 ladder systems is a fundamental task in condensed matter physics, as they fulfill all the requirements favouring the emergence of new and exotic phenomena. However, despite decades of theoretical work devoted to the study of these spin ladders, real material realizations of such systems still remain limited. In this thesis, we investigate the magnetic properties of a new compound Li2Cu2O(SO4)2. This system appears as a very rare realization of a S=1/2 frustrated two-leg spin ladder in its high-temperature tetragonal structure, where geometrical frustration arises from competing interactions along the legs. Moreover, temperature dependent neutron and X-ray diffraction reveal the presence of a structural phase transition occurring at around 125 K. Combining the experimental and theoretical approaches, we demonstrate that this weak and progressive distortion, while maintaining the global geometry of a ladder, induces the formation of a staggered dimer structure through a large magnetoelastic coupling, removing most of the magnetic frustration. Furthermore, we present the first detailed investigation of the low-temperature magnetic excitations of Li2Cu2O(SO4)2 combining magnetic susceptibility, infrared spectroscopy and inelastic neutron scattering measurements. Experimental observations are qualitatively explained by exact diagonalization and higher-order perturbation calculations carried out on the basis of the dimerized geometry derived from first principle calculations
Launay, Pascaline. "Le paramétrage : une dimension de l’utilisation d’un dispositif permettant au sujet d’agir sur ses possibilités de faire : le cas du paramétrage de l’aide à la navigation automobile." Paris 8, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA083775.
Full textCombernoux, Alice. "Détection et filtrage rang faible pour le traitement d'antenne utilisant la théorie des matrices aléatoires en grandes dimensions." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC016/document.
Full textNowadays, more and more applications deal with increasing dimensions. Thus, it seems relevant to exploit the appropriated tools as the random matrix theory in the large dimensional regime. More particularly, in the specific array processing applications as the STAP and MIMO-STAP radar applications, we were interested in the treatment of a signal of interest corrupted by an additive noise composed of a low rang noise and a white Gaussian. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to study the low rank filtering and detection (function of projectors) in the large dimensional regime for array processing with random matrix theory tools.This thesis has three main contributions in the context of asymptotic analysis of projector functionals. Thus, the large dimensional regime first allows to determine an approximation/prediction of theoretical non asymptotic performance, much more precise than the literature in the classical asymptotic regime (when the number of estimation data tends to infinity at a fixed dimension). Secondly, two new low rank adaptive filters and detectors have been proposed and it has been shown that they have better performance as a function of the system parameters, in terms of SINR loss, false alarm probability and detection probability. Finally, the results have been validated on a jamming application and have been secondly applied to the STAP and sparse MIMO-STAP processings. Hence, the study highlighted a noticeable difference with the jamming application, related to the covariance matrix models concerned by this thesis
Rivas, Mendoza Angel E. "Ondas de densidad de espin en el compuesto casi-2D CuFeTe2 : evidencia directa de la coexistencia de los estados normal y condensado." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30010.
Full textIn this thesis work we achieved a rigorous study, by means of different experimental techniques, of the magnetic and electric behavior of the layered compound CuFeTe2. Five samples have been analyzed: four have been prepared by standard melt and anneal techniques and one of them by the Bridgman vertical growth technique. A study of the chemical composition by the EDX technique shows that one of the samples is stoichiometric. The results of X-ray diffraction confirm the tetragonal layered structure of the compound. The magnetic measurements results, performed in a Faraday balance (78-350 K, under a magnetic field of 0. 28 T) and in a SQUID magnetometer (2-320 K, under fields of 35 and 70 G), indicate the appearance of an antiferromagnetic order below about 300 K, with a Pauli paramagnetic behavior above this temperature. This behavior is attributed to the formation of a Spin Density Wave (SDW) state in CuFeTe2. Another element in favor of the existence of the SDW is given by the Mössbauer effect measurements: In the temperature range 2-310 K a variety of spectra are observed, going from an incommensurate magnetic structure, to whom is superposed a non magnetic contribution as temperature raises, until the complete disappearance of the first one. To confirm the itinerant character of the observed magnetism, a spectrum recorded under a magnetic field of 6. 5 T shows that iron doesn't hold a magnetic moment. .
Pontes, Duff Pereira Igor. "Approximation des systèmes dynamiques à grande dimension et à dimension infinie." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESAE0001/document.
Full textIn the engineering area (e.g. aerospace, automotive, biology, circuits), dynamical systems are the basic framework used for modeling, controlling and analyzing a large variety of systems and phenomena. Due to the increasing use of dedicated computer-based modeling design software, numerical simulation turns to be more and more used to simulate a complex system or phenomenon and shorten both development time and cost. However, the need of an enhanced model accuracy inevitably leads to an increasing number of variables and resources to manage at the price of a high numerical cost. This counterpart is the justification for model reduction. For linear time-invariant systems, several model reduction approaches have been effectively developed since the 60’s. Among these, interpolation-based methods stand out due to their flexibility and low computational cost, making them a predestined candidate in the reduction of truly large-scale systems. Recent advances demonstrate ways to find reduction parameters that locally minimize the H2 norm of the mismatch error. In general, a reduced-order approximation is considered to be a finite dimensional model. This representation is quite general and a wide range of linear dynamical systems can be converted in this form, at least in principle. However, in some cases, it may be more relevant to find reduced-order models having some more complex structures. As an example, some transport phenomena systems have their Hankel singular values which decay very slowly and are not easily approximated by a finite dimensional model. In addition, for some applications, it is valuable to have a structured reduced-order model which reproduces the physical behaviors. That is why, in this thesis, reduced-order models having delay structures have been more specifically considered. This work has focused, on the one hand, in developing new model reduction techniques for reduced order models having delay structures, and, on the other hand, in finding new applications of model approximation. The major contribution of this thesis covers approximation topics and includes several contributions to the area of model reduction. A special attention was given to the H2 optimal model approximation problem for delayed structured models. For this purpose, some new theoretical and methodological results were derived and successfully applied to both academic and industrial benchmarks. In addition, the last part of this manuscript is dedicated to the analysis of time-delayed systems stability using interpolatory methods. Some theoretical statements as well as an heuristic are developed enabling to estimate in a fast and accurate way the stability charts of those systems
Graces, Erwan. "Hiérarchie mémoire reconfigurable faible consommation pour systèmes enfouis." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00554158.
Full textGrâce, Erwan. "Hiérarchie mémoire reconfigurable faible consommation pour systèmes enfouis." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00783898.
Full textD'Andrea, Fabio. "La variabilite atmospherique a basse frequence comme probleme de faible dimension." Paris 6, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA066012.
Full textToulet, Anne. "Classifications des systèmes intégrables en dimension 2." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20113.
Full textKongpark, Patcharee. "Conditionnement de capteurs capacitifs dans des systèmes faible consommation." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT251/document.
Full textNowadays, capacitive sensors are widely used in the measurement of physical quantities such as displacement, humidity, pressure, etc. This wide dissemination is mainly due to the development of MEMS technologies that have reduced their cost, size and consumption. To measure these capacitance changes, sensor electronic interfaces have been developed to obtain an exploitable electrical signal such as voltage, current, time, frequency or directly a digital output. It is in this framework that the aim of this thesis is positioned ; to study the feasibility of a capacitive measurement with digital output from an active bridge, an architecture developed and patented by the Design and Test Microsystems team of LIRMM for conditioning low power resistive sensors. The digital conversion used is a one-bit first-order Sigma-Delta modulation that is relatively easy to implement, and is well adapted to integration, low power consumption and realization of generic sensor interfaces. Two feedback architectures have been proposed: a resistive feedback and a capacitive. The theoretical results are compared with the results of simulations and measurements obtained from prototypes fabricated using a 0.35μm CMOS technology from Austria MicroSystem (AMS)
Gao, Nan. "Observateurs dynamiques et commande des systèmes : application aux systèmes de grande dimension." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0081/document.
Full textThe present thesis is the result of research conducted in Longwy, within the department Control, Identification, Diagnosis (CID) of Research Center for Automatic Control of Nancy (CRAN). This thesis investigates the problem of dynamic observer (full- and reduced-order) and observer-based control design and their applications to large-scale systems. Firstly, a new form of H-infinity dynamic observer is designed for linear systems in the presence of unknown inputs and disturbances. The proposed observer generalizes the existing results on proportional observer and proportional integral observer. The observer design is based on the solution of linear matrix inequalities (LMI). Both continuous-time and discrete-time systems are considered. Thereafter, by inserting the proposed observer into a closed-loop, an observer-based control is presented for uncertain systems in the presence of disturbances. Based on the parameterization of algebraic constraints obtained from the analysis of the estimation error, the control design is derived from the solution of bilinear matrix inequality, by using a two-steps algorithm. Finally, the obtained results have been extended to large-scale systems. A decentralized observer-based control is proposed for large-scale uncertain systems in the presence of disturbances. These systems are composed of several interconnected subsystems of low dimensions, where the interconnections are assumed to be nonlinear and satisfy quadratic constraints
Rigal, Marie-Hélène. "Géométrie globale des systèmes bihamiltoniens en dimension impaire." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20003.
Full textMansouri, Mejda. "Observation et commande des systèmes de grande dimension." Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00808649.
Full textMorvan, Riwal. "Modélisation de circuits et systèmes de dimension infinie." Brest, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BRES2009.
Full textSte-Marie, Isabelle. "Symétries des systèmes dynamiques discrets de dimension deux." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2009. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1963/1/030123860.pdf.
Full textSvartz, Jules. "Résolution de systèmes polynomiaux structurés de dimension zéro." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066621/document.
Full textMultivariate polynomial systems arise naturally in many scientific fields. These systems coming from applications often carry a specific algebraic structure.A classical method for solving polynomial systems isbased on the computation of a Gr\"obner basis of the ideal associatedto the system.This thesis presents new tools for solving suchstructured systems, where the structure is induced by the action of a particular group or a monomial structure, which include multihomogeneous or quasihomogeneous systems.On the one hand, this thesis proposes new algorithmsusing these algebraic structures to improve the efficiency of solving suchsystems (invariant under the action of a group or having a support in a particular set of monomials). These techniques allow to solve a problem arising in physics for instances out of reach until now.On the other hand, these tools improve the complexity bounds for solving several families of structured polynomial systems (systems globally invariant under the action of an abelian group or with their support in the same polytope). This allows in particular to extend known results on bilinear systems to general mutlihomogeneous systems
Stephan, Jean-Marie. "Intrication dans des systèmes quantiques à basse dimension." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112308.
Full textIn recent years, it has been understood that entanglement measures can be useful tools for the understanding and characterization of new and exotic phases of matter, especially when the study of order parameters alone proves insufficient. This thesis is devoted to the study of a few low-dimensional quantum systems where this is the case. Among these measures, the entanglement entropy, defined through a bipartition of the quantum system, has been perhaps one of the most heavily studied, especially in one dimension. Such a quantity is usually very difficult to compute in dimension larger than one, but we show that for a particular class of wave functions, named after Rokhsar and Kivelson, the entanglement entropy of an infinite cylinder cut into two parts simplifies considerably. It can be expressed as the Shannon entropy of the probability distribution resulting from the ground-state wave function of a one-dimensional quantum system. This dimensional reduction allows for a detailed numerical study (free fermion, exact diagonalizations, \ldots) as well as an analytic treatment, using conformal field theory (CFT) techniques. We also argue that this approach can give an easy access to some refined universal features of a given wave function in general.Another part of this thesis deals with the study of local quantum quenches in one-dimensional critical systems. The emphasis is put on the Loschmidt echo, the overlap between the wave function before the quench and the wave function at time t after the quench. Because of the commensurability of the CFT spectrum, the time evolution turns out to be periodic, and can be obtained analytically in various cases. Inspired by these results, we also study the zero-frequency contribution to the Loschmidt echo after such a quench. It can be expressed as a simple overlap -- which we name bipartite fidelity -- and can be studied in its own right. We show that despite its simple definition, it mimics the behavior of the entanglement entropy very well. In particular when the one-dimensional system is critical, this fidelity decays algebraically with the system size, reminiscent of Anderson's celebrated orthogonality catastrophe. The exponent is universal and related to the central charge of the underlying CFT
Morandeau, Antoine. "Carbonatation atmosphérique des systèmes cimentaires à faible teneur en portlandite." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00932816.
Full textEl, Hamidi Mohamed. "Propriétés stochastiques d'un système non-linéaire en dimension finie." Pau, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PAUU3014.
Full textLatapy-Etcheverry, Marion. "Valoriser la dimension genre dans le processus de conception d'applications interactives." Pau, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PAUU3035.
Full textWith a focus on the problem of interactive applications acceptability for the general public, we propose to enhance the genre dimension as a prescriptive tool, a help to the design of acceptable interactive aplications. The genre dimension is indeed culturally inherent to any communication activity. Genres, as socially established, define communication structures commonly admitted and recognised by the interactants. From the study of genre, we develop a model aiming at characterising the genre in interactive applications. The predominant role of communication observed in this study, leads us to propose a model, derived from the analysis of various linguistic approaches, describing the properties of those communication structures that support interaction. Then we suggest five recurrent stages of applications design to consider genre, implicitly or explicitly, as well as recommendations allowing to better take into account the genre dimension in the design process. We introduce a notation to help the specification of interaction scenarios and facilitate the implementation of these recommendations. Finally, we produce genre-centred evaluation criteria to obtain genre-centred conclusions that can be exploitable during an iterative design approach enhancing genre. We also deliver the results of an experiment based on the design of two concrete applications, using our approach. We assess utility, usability and acceptability, of the resulting applications on the one hand, and of the design means proposed to the design teams so as to enhance the genre dimension, on the other hand
Rios, Arámbula David. "Systèmes à microprocesseurs asynchrones basse consommation." Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0173.
Full textThis Work presents a contribution to the design of asynchronous QDI (Quasi Delay insensitive) circuits for low power consumption. A quick study of the power estimation techniques will be shown. The methodology proposed will be presented in the chapter 2. This methodology uses 3 tools that perform the synthesis, optimization and the estimation of the asynchronous QDI circuits. The design of those circuits is done with a high level language for asynchronous circuits (CHP). The third chapter shows a study of different architectures to select the best one in terms of power consumption, speed and size. That chapter also shows a comparison between the equivalent synchronous circuits. In the final chapter, a technique for the reduction of the power consumption is presented. This technique changes the voltage of the circuit with a feedback control
Brun, Yannis. "Corrélations dans les systèmes quantiques inhomogènes à une dimension." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0094/document.
Full textOne-dimensional quantum systems have long been seen as simple toy-models but are nowadays often realized in ultracold atoms experiments. In those experiments the confining potential creates a spatial inhomogeneity. This breaks the translation invariance which plays a key role in exact analytical solutions as the Bethe Ansatz. In this thesis, we propose an effective theory generalizing the Luttinger liquid approach for inhomogeneous systems. In this setup, the effective action lives in curved space. However, making the hypothesis of separation of scales allow to compute the action's parameters by using Bethe Ansatz. The problem can then be solved in flat space by using tools from conformal theory. This leads us to solving the inhomogeneous gaussian free field that gives access to all correlation functions of the model under investigation. Here we focus on the Lieb-Liniger model. Our results are tested against DMRG simulations
Béguin, François. "Champs de vecteurs hyperboliques en dimension 3." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOS027.
Full textBoujamaa, El Mehdi. "Interface faible consommation pour capteurs MEMS résistifs à faible sensibilité." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20186.
Full textSince resistive sensors exist, the Wheatstone bridge has been the most commonly used conditioningand read-out architecture. Even with the development of MEMS in the last decade, the Wheatstonebridge remains the preferred solution to transpose a physical magnitude into the electrical domain assoon as a resistive transduction method is used. Nevertheless the Wheatstone bridge introduces amajor issue for low-power sensors, the dependence of resolution to power consumption. Moreover,the output signal is directly proportional to the supply voltage. Finally, power consumption is theprice to pay for high resolution in a Wheatstone bridge.Low-power requirement, in mobile applications, is probably one of the main reasons to explain whycapacitive transduction has been preferred for many MEMS. Indeed, even if the fabrication process isoften more complex than for resistive sensors, the power consumption of capacitive transduction isfar below the one of dissipative resistor-based sensors.In order to extend the potential application of resistive MEMS, a power-efficient interface circuit isrequired. My PhD thesis deals with the design and manufacturing of an innovative conditioning andread-out interface for resistive MEMS sensor. The proposed structure includes a digital offsetcompensation for robustness to process, voltage, temperature variations, and/or analog to digitalconversion. Results demonstrate good resolution to power consumption ratio and a good immunityto environmental parameters. Experimental results on a fully integrated CMOS/MEMS sensor finallydemonstrate the efficiency of this promising read-out architecture called The active bridge
Hayat, Amaury. "Stabilisation de systèmes hyperboliques non-linéaires en dimension un d’espace." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS131.
Full textThis thesis is devoted to study the stabilization of nonlinear hyperbolic systems of partial differential equations. The main goal is to find boundary conditions ensuring the exponential stability of the system. In a first part, we study general systems that we aim at stabilizing in the C^1 norm by introducing a certain type of Lyapunov functions. Then we take a closer look at systems of two equations and we compare the results with the stabilization in the H^2 norm. In a second part we study a few physical equations: Burgers' equation and the density-velocity systems, which include the Saint-Venant equations and the Euler isentropic equations. Using a local dissipative entropy, we show that these systems can be stabilized with very simple boundary controls which, remarkably, do not depend directly on the parameters of the system, provided some physical admissibility condition. Besides, we develop a way to stabilize shock steady-states in the case of Burgers' and Saint-Venant equations. Finally, in a third part, we study proportional-integral (PI) controllers, which are very popular in practice but seldom understood mathematically for nonlinear infinite dimensional systems. For scalar systems we introduce an extraction method to find optimal conditions on the parameters of the controller ensuring the stability. Finally, we deal with the Saint-Venant equations with a single PI control
Deguenon, Ayitchéou Judicaël Tchédji. "Observateurs des systèmes anti-adjoints de dimension infinie et applications." Metz, 2003. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2003/Deguenon.Ayitcheou.Judicael.Tchedji.SMZ0314.pdf.
Full textRulquin, Charlotte. "Rôle des fluctuations dans les systèmes vitreux de dimension finie." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066454/document.
Full textWhen the temperature diminishes, glassy systems present a very sluggish dynamics and at low enough temperature can finish in some arrested disordered state. This thesis deals about the case of structural glasses, to which category supercooled liquids belong to, and spin glasses.In these two cases the physical scenarios issued from the mean-field theories are known and could be fragile to the introduction of fluctuations that are present in finite-dimensional systems. Since the study of the effect of fluctuations in glassy systems is a daunting task, the aim of this thesis is to study simple related problems in which the effect of fluctuations can be thoroughly investigated.For the structural-glass case, we study first the return to convexity of the free energy of a uni-dimensional finite-size system where fluctuations are restricted by the finite size of the system. Then, we study the role of "short"- and "long"-range fluctuations in a glass-former model called ``plaquette model'' in comparing the thermodynamic properties of the system which are known on Euclidean lattices with the ones we obtained on a "tree" lattice. Finally, we study the existence of space-time fluctuations in a model made of activated-dynamics systems coupled via a thermal bath at low temperature.For the spin-glass case, we construct a scheme for the nonperturbative renormalization group to describe the effect of critical fluctuations on the critical properties of the Ising spin glass in zero field in dimensions lower than six
Naudot, Vincent. "Bifurcations homoclines des champs de vecteurs en dimension trois." Dijon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DIJOS009.
Full textMorpain, Jacques. "Proposition d'un nouveau moyen de paiement international pour les expéditions aériennes d'un faible montant." Paris 9, 1988. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1988PA090043.
Full textAfter a study of the existing international means of payment, it appears that there is a missing one to match the requirements for swiftness and safety for small amount air shipments. It is briefly analysed the specificities of contracts in several systems of law. A comparison of "mandat", "fiducie" and "trust" precises the legal basis of the proposed mean of payment. It is based on a trustee who warranties the sellor the payment before he losts the practical control on the goods, and the buyer the delivery. Computers and telecommunitations are used at every step of the transactions. The breach of contract consequences and advantages and drawbacks for each party are studied
Boukraa, Djaber. "Sur la conception, la génération de trajectoires et la commande d'un avion autonome de faible dimension." Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2006. http://www.biblio.univ-evry.fr/theses/2006/Interne/2006EVRY0027.pdf.
Full textThis work deals with the fixed wings unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) design, trajectories planning and control. The manuscript is organized as follows : The first part presents the process of design and the UAV modelling. In the second part we propose two algorithms. The first one allows to determining the trim configurations (state and control vectors) for different constraints and limitations to which it is subjected. The second algorithm is a trajectories planner; it uses like primitives a set of trim trajectories to reduce the complexity of the dynamical model. It generates the optimal trajectory by using bang-bang strategy. The last part of this manuscript presents a control technique based on output feedback linearization. This approach transforms the system into an equivalent linear system. This makes possible the use, after that, of any linear control approach
Boutelier, Martin. "Etude des Oscillations Quasi Périodiques dans les systèmes binaires X de faible masse." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00444379.
Full textPrieur, Clémentine. "Dépendance faible: estimation et théorèmes limite.Application à l'étude statistique de certains systèmes dynamiques." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00133468.
Full textnon -mélangeantes au sens de Rosenblatt (1956). La notion de mélange classique est affaiblie
afin d'établir des inégalités ainsi que des théorèmes limite pour différentes classes de processus
comme par exemple certains systèmes dynamiques, des chaînes de Markov non irréductibles,
ou encore des fonctions de processus linéaires non mélangeants. Les résultats obtenus sont
ensuite appliqués au domaine de la statistique non paramétrique.
Deux autres thématiques sont abordées dans ce manuscrit : d'une part l'étude de principes
de grandes déviations (notamment pour le processus de records généralisés), et d'autre part
l'estimation adaptative de fonctionnelles linéaires.
Ekanga, Trésor. "Systèmes quantiques multi-particulaires et localisation à basses énergies ou à faible interaction." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC003/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we study for the N-particles Schrodinger operators the Anderson localization phenomenon which consists of both exponential localization of eigenfunctions and dynamical localization. We rst consider the discrete multi-particle Anderson model with a short range interaction and a random potential whose values are independent and identically distributed i.i.d. with a log-Hölder continuous common probability distribution function. For such model, we show that the bottom of its spectrum is non-random and prove the Anderson localization for energies suciently close to the spectral edge. On the other hand, we establish that the complete localization from singleparticle systems extends to multi-particle systems with suciently weak interaction at arbitrary disorder and for absolute continuous probability distribution function of the i.i.d random variables. The results are proved by an adaptation to multi-particle systems of the vari- able energy multi-scale analysis which allows singular distributions instead of the fractional moments method. Wegner bounds, useful for the multi-scale analysis are proved for separable cubes using the Stollmann's Lemma. We also prove the Combes-Thomas estimate which plays an important role in the analysis of extreme energies
Faghraoui, Ahmed. "Modélisation de causalité et diagnostic des systèmes complexes de grande dimension." Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00976718.
Full textCouëdo, François. "Transitions de phase quantiques dans les systèmes désordonnés de basse dimension." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00990782.
Full textSeydi, Ousmane. "Perturbations singulières des systèmes dynamiques en dimension infinie : théorie et applications." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00991857.
Full textChambrion, Thomas. "Méthodes géométriques pour la commande de systèmes mécaniques en dimension infinie." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01011390.
Full textLaib, Khaled. "Analyse hiérarchisée de la robustesse des systèmes incertains de grande dimension." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEC027/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis concerns robustness analysis (stability and performance) of uncertain large scale systems with hierarchical structure. These systems are obtained by interconnecting several uncertain sub-systems through a hierarchical topology. Robustness analysis of these systems is a two aspect problem: robustness and large scale. The efficient resolution of this problem using usual approaches is difficult, even impossible, due to the high complexity and the large size of the associated optimization problem. The consequence of this complexity is an important increase of the computation time required to solve this optimization problem. In order to reduce this computation time, the existing results in the literature focus on particular classes of uncertain linear large scale systems. Furthermore, the hierarchical structure of the large scale system is not taken into account, which means, from our point of view, that these results have several limitations on different levels. Our objective is to exploit the hierarchical structure to obtain a set of small scale size optimization problems instead of one large scale optimization problem which will result in an important decrease in the computation time. Furthermore, another advantage of this approach is the possibility of solving these small scale optimization problems in the same time using parallel computing. In order to take into account the hierarchical structure, we model the uncertain large scale system as the interconnection of uncertain sub-systems which themselves are the interconnection of other uncertain sub-systems, etc.. This recursive modelling is performed at several hierarchical levels. In order to reduce the representation complexity of uncertain systems, we construct a basis of dissipativity properties for each uncertain sub-system at each hierarchical level. This basis contains several elements which characterize different useful information about uncertain system behaviour. Examples of such characterizations are: uncertain phase characterization, uncertain gain characterization, etc.. Obtaining each of these elements is relaxed as convex or quasi-convex optimization problem under LMI constraints. Robustness analysis of uncertain large scale systems is then performed in a hierarchical way by propagating these dissipativity property bases from one hierarchical level to another. We propose two hierarchical analysis algorithms which allow to reduce the computation time required to perform the robustness analysis of the large scale systems. Another key point of these algorithms is the possibility to be performed in parallel at each hierarchical level. The advantage of performing robustness analysis in parallel is an important decrease of the required computation time. Finally and within the same context of robustness analysis of uncertain large scale systems, we are interested in robustness analysis of power networks and more precisely in "the uncertain power flow analysis in distribution networks". The renewable energy resources such as solar panels and wind turbines are influenced by many factors: wind, solar irradiance, etc.. Therefore, the power generated by these resources is intermittent, variable and difficult to predict. The integration of such resources in power networks will influence the network performances by introducing uncertainties on the different network voltages. The analysis of the impact of power uncertainties on the voltages is called "uncertain power flow analysis". Obtaining the boundaries for the different modulus of these voltages is formulated as a convex optimization problem under LMI constraints
Kurdi, Mohamed. "Solutions périodiques de systèmes différentiels périodiques de dimension trois avec symétries." Metz, 1987. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1987/Kurdi.Mohamed.SMZ8703.pdf.
Full textThis work studies periodics differentiel systems, in third dimension with symmetries. We look for periodic solutions of systems of this kind. We study definitions and properties for systems and their solutions we prove that every periodic system with symmetries has always a non trivial periodic solution, with the symmetries of the systems. We use theses results to give a new method called "symmetries method" to answer to the problem of existence of periodic solutions for differential systems perturbated in a critical way with symmetries. In the critical case, Poincaré's theorem cannot be applied to prove existence of periodic solutions for the perturbated systems. The "symmetries method" give results where another methods are fruitless, either because of complicated computations (J. K. Hale) or for reasons of inapplicability (Malkin) the "symmetries method" can provide in some cases existence of periodic solutions for non linear differential systems with symmetries expressed by x = Bx + G(t, x) where G has an affine or linear majoration. It osknow that kind of systems are difficults to study
Vivalda, Jean-Claude. "Contrôlabilité des systèmes non linéaires en basse dimension : structure et classification." Metz, 1986. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1986/Vivalda.Jean_Claude.SMZ8627.pdf.
Full textThis thesis has three independant parts : 1-study of the controllability, in dimension3, of a pair of linear vector fields, one of these being a nilpotent one of order 2 ; 2-classification, from the controllability point of view, of affine systems in the plane with unbounded controls ; 3-classification of quadratic systems in dimension 3. The first deal with a difficult problem : controllability of pairs of vectors fields in dimension 3. In fact this is equivalent to achieve controllability for a system with bounded controls. It is knon that such a problem is difficult. For the pairs being considered necessary and sufficient conditions are given. It seems that something deep is happening with nilpotent element in a Lie group. This point desserves certainly to be investigated further. The second part gives necessary and sufficient conditions for an affine system in the plane with unbounded controls to be controllable : x=ax+u(dx+b). These conditions are entirely of an algebric kind, so computable. This is due to low dimension. A topological study of the set of controllable systemscan be carried out. It turns out that the controllable systems are essentially those for wich the asociated linear system is also controllable. We conjectured that it is true for all the dimensions. The last part deal with the classification of quadratic systems in dimension 3. X=Q(x)+ub. The classification is from the controllability point of view and allows to check if a system is controllable or not
Ayadi, Mounir. "Contributions à la commande des systèmes linéaires plats de dimension finie." Toulouse, INPT, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPT025H.
Full textDerivière, Sara. "Contribution à l'étude des attracteurs des systèmes dynamiques en dimension finie." Rouen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ROUES039.
Full textChaotic attractors of dynamical systems are almost always identified using numerical methods. The aim of this thesis is to obtain analytical information on these objects. So, attractors of studied systems are analytically localized by defining bounded regions in the phase space. To do this, we use an extension of the usual LaSalle invariance principle. And when it is possible, holes inside these regions are involved to restrict the domains. Moreover, a study of the synchronisation of two coupled systems is done to show another application of the results obtain with the localisation. This work has been done for continuous systems (first part), and for a class of discontinuous systems called Filippov systems (second part). We have applied our results on practical examples, for which we have too given numerical illustrations of the chaotic behavior and of the localisation of attractors. Finally, techniques stemming from the theory of the Conley index and allowing to demonstrate rigorously (by a computer assisted proof) the chaotic character of dynamical systems are presented
Costes, Mathilde. "Systèmes de spins de basse dimension : étude sous champ magnétique intense." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30151.
Full textWe studied magnetic and transport properties under intense magnetic field in low dimensional magnetic spins systems. The frustrated quasi-1D Ising system, A3A'BO6, allows the study of the properties of conduction as well as the analysis of the relation between the magnetic and electronic correlations. The various experimental techniques used, enabled us to highlight important dynamic effects at low temperature for three compounds Ca3Co2O6, Ca3CoIrO6 and Sr3NiIrO6 as well as the close relation between the magnetic and electronic correlations in these compounds. We also probed two Heisenberg systems of spin 1/2. For the vanadate eta-Na1. 286V2O5, magnetization and EPR measurements, permitted to determine the value of the gap predicted by measurements of susceptibility and showed the apparition of a plateau to 1/9 of the saturation magnetization. For CaCu2O3, EPR measurements showed the role of the impurities in the establishment of the order at long distance in the compound
Liu, Kaipeng. "Contrôle quantique optimal et robuste dans des systèmes de petite dimension." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCK045.
Full textOptimal control theory (OCT) is the basic and comprehensive method to obtain the optimal solutions of quantum systems controlled by external fields. It provides a powerful set of tools and concepts. One of the goals of the thesis is to design the technique of OCT in two- and three-state quantum systems taking into account losses and robustness, which is of primary importance for the implementation of control techniques in a broad class of platforms.Based on inverse-engineering techniques and the Pontryagin maximum principle (PMP), we establish and test the different optimal strategies showing how to control the transfer in three-level quantum systems considering energy- and time-minimum optimal solutions taking into account losses. These results, in particular, show that the usual adiabatic passage in such systems, known as stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP), which leads to imperfect transfer, can be made exact thus achieving stimulated Raman exact passage (STIREP) while reducing the energy and the duration costs respectively of the controls.We next combine robustness with optimization. Instead of using a direct optimization procedure from OCT, we develop a technique of geometric optimization that allows the derivation of optimal and robust solutions from an inverse optimization. The method named robust inverse optimization (RIO) allows one to obtain numerical trajectories that can be made as accurate as required. The method is versatile and can be applied to various types of errors and of quantum control problems
Vikas, Fotios. "Mécanique statistique de systèmes réactifs sur des réseaux de basse dimension." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211327.
Full textPageault, Pierre. "Fonctions de Lyapunov : une approche KAM faible." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00678325.
Full textMonat, Christelle. "Ilots quantiques et cristaux photoniques planaires pour un microlaser faible seuil à 1. 5 um." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2003. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/monat.pdf.
Full textHighly compact and low threshold microlasers integrated on silicon, emitting around 1. 5 um, are important building blocks for future photonic integrated circuits. The idea developed here is to combine quantum islands and planar photonic crystal microresonators to benefit from a strong confinement of both carriers and photons in the device. InAs/Inp (001) self-organized quantum islands have been grown by Solid Source Molecular Beam Epitaxy. An optimization of the growth conditions has enabled to produce a quantum island array, emitting around 1. 5 um. The elongated nanostructres ensure a 3D carrier quantum confinement, and are low size dispersed. InP membrane microsources based on planar photonic crystal structures have been integrated on a silicon wafer. A laser operation of the microdevices has been successfully demonstrated, at room temperature, under optical pumping, by using either quantum well or quantum island active medium
Attaoui, Abdelatif. "Existence de solutions faibles et faible-renormalisées pour des systèmes non linéaires de Boussinesq." Phd thesis, Université de Rouen, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00259252.
Full textLe premier chapitre nous donne un résultat d'existence d'une solution faible-renormalisée du système de Boussinesq en dimension 2, dans le cas où F est bornée.
Dans le chapitre 2, on aborde le cas de fonctions F plus générales : F vérifie une hypothèse de croissance. On démontre l'existence de solutions pour toutes données initiales ou pour des données initiales petites selon la croissance de F.
Dans le chapitre 3, nous faisons une généralisation des résultats du chapitre 2 mais sans le terme de convection.
Dans le chapitre 4, le manque de stabilité de l'énergie de dissipation dans L1(Q) en dimension 3, nous contraint à transformer de façon formelle le système de Boussinesq. On démontre l'existence d'une solution faible de ce nouveau système en dimension 3.
Kogevnikov, Ivan. "Modélisation des systèmes de dimension infinie - Application à la dynamique des pneumatiques." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001850.
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