Academic literature on the topic 'T. viride'
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Journal articles on the topic "T. viride"
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Kumar, Ramesh, Sanjeev Kumar, and Balkishan Chaudhary. "Effects of Trichoderma Species on the Growth of Fusarium Verticillioides." Bangladesh Journal of Botany 50, no. 2 (June 18, 2021): 423–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v50i2.54101.
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Six biocontrol treatments viz., Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma virens, Trichoderma harzianum, T. harzianum + T. viride, T. harzianum + T. virens and T. viride + T. virens were evaluated to test the antagonism against Fusarium verticillioides under in vitro conditions. The maximum growth inhibition (90.6%) was recorded in consortium of T. harzianum + T. viride in dual culture technique . The volatile and non volatile compounds from the consortium of T. harzianum + T. viride also found best and suppressed the mycelial growth of F. verticillioides to the tune of 83.90 and 84.61 %, respectively.
Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(2): 423-425, 2021 (June)
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Kushwaha, Shiva Kant, Sanjeev Kumar, and Balkishan Chaudhary. "Efficacy of Trichoderma against Sclerotium rolfsii causing collar rot disease of lentil under in vitro conditions." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v10i1.1622.
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Three biocontrol agents viz., Trichoderma viride, T. virens and T. harzianum were evaluated to test the antagonism against Sclerotium rolfsii under in vitro conditions. All the three antagonists’ viz., T. viride, T. virens and T. harzianum have shown the potential of parasitizing the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii in vitro. The rate of inhibition was fastest in T. harzianum (63.60%) followed by T virens (51.5 %). Least inhibition was recorded in T. viride (50.85% ) after 72 hours of incubation. However, T. viride showed the highest (91.31%) reduction in sclerotia formation followed by T. harzianum (84.92%) and T. virens (84.29%) after 15 days of incubation. The volatile compounds from Trichoderma viride were found most effective in suppressing the mycelial growth (51.11%) and sclerotia production (95.90%) of the target pathogen. The culture filtrate from both T. harzianum and T. viride (15% concentration) was found very effective in inhibiting the radial growth (57.46 and 49.62%) and sclerotia formation (98.20 and 99.83%) of Sclerotium rolfsii. The antagonists such as T. harzianum and T. viride can be used as a bio-control agent against S. rolfsii under field condition.
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Ekundayo, Esther Aanuoluwa. "Assessment of the haematological parameters and biochemical indices of albino rats fed with spores of Trichoderma viride." Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences 7, no. 17 (2020): 319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21472/bjbs(2020)071707.
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The haematological as well as some enzymes biomarkers of albino rats orogastically dosed with different concentrations of Trichoderma viride as well as T. viride subjected to various treatments were evaluated. Generally, red blood cell count, haemoglobin content and packed cell volume of the control group were significantly higher than that of animals dosed with different concentrations of T. viride. The same trend was observed when T. viride was amended with 1% lactose, sodium nitrate and sodium chloride. There were no significant differences in the alanine aspartate, alkaline phosphatase and alanine transaminase values of animals dosed with lower concentrations of T. viride. This study suggests that lower concentration of T. viride could be used in controlling fungal phytopathogens.
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Parkash, V., S. Sharma, and A. Aggarwal. "Symbiotic and synergistic efficacy of endomycorrhizae with Dendrocalamus strictus L." Plant, Soil and Environment 57, No. 10 (October 12, 2011): 447–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/249/2010-pse.
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The present investigation was undertaken to find out efficient strains of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM fungi) alone or in combinations with Trichoderma viride for inoculation Dendrocalamus strictus L. seedlings. The inoculated seedlings showed good response having higher plant height, phosphorous ions content in root and shoot, AM spore number and root colonization than non-inoculated (control) seedlings in both single (alone) and co-inoculation (combined consortium) experiments. T. viride showed significant growth followed by Glomus mosseae, G. fasciculatum and mixed AM with single inoculation. In co-inoculation, the best growth responses were observed with G. fasciculatum + T. viride followed by G. mosseae + T. viride, mixed vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas (VAM) + T. viride, G. mosseae + G. fasciculatum + T. viride + mixed VAM, G. mosseae + G. fasciculatum + T. viride and G. mosseae + G. fasciculatum after 120 days and also depicted maximum increase in phosphorus content of shoot and root when compared with other inoculated seedlings. However, all the inoculated seedlings showed significant increase in phosphorus content when compared with control seedlings.
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Patel, Monika, and Sanjeev Kumar. "The Evaluation of Trichoderma consortia against Fusarium udum causing wilt of Pigeonpea." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 13, no. 2 (May 22, 2021): 537–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v13i2.2656.
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Pigeonpea is one of the important pulse crop of Madhya Pradesh, a State of India. The plant gets infected by the pathogen Fusarium udum causing wilt disease, which is one of the major constraints in the production and productivity of pigeonpea. The present study aimed to carry out in vitro condition to assess the possible use of biocontrol consortia in field conditions. Six Trichoderma consortia viz., T1- T. viride + T. harzianum (JC-I), T2- T. viride + T. virens (JC-2), T3:- T. harzianum +T. virens (JC-3), T4- T. hamatum +T. viride (JC-4), T5- T. hamatum + T. harzianum (JC-5), T6- T. hamatum + T. virens (JC-6) and T0- Control were evaluated for their antagonistic activity against F. udumunder in vitro conditions. The consortia of T4- T. hamatum +T. viride (JC-4) was found most effective(58.82 %) in inhibiting the radial growth of Fusarium udum. The volatile compound from consortium of T5-T. hamatum + T. harzianum (JC-5) exhibited maximum growth inhibition (81.84%) and sporulation of Fusarium udum followed by T1-T. viride + T. harzianum (JC-I) (55.49% inhibition) . The culture filtrate of consortia of T4- T. hamatum +T. viride (JC-4) showed 100% inhibition of test pathogen followed by T5-T. hamatum + T. harzianum (JC-5) (82.89%) at 5 % concentration. It was also observed that with an increase in the concentration of culture filtrates of all the Trichoderma species, the radial mycelial growth of the test pathogen was proportionally decreased. The Trichodema consortium viz., T4- T. hamatum +T. viride (JC-4) may be tried in the field to manage wilt of pigeonpea because they worked synergistically and gave the high impact of their use.
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Makal, Henny V. G., Max M. Ratulangi, and Denny S. Sualang. "Exploration and Identification Trichoderma spp. as a Biological Control Agents to Plant Pathogens and Starter Making Biological Fertilizers." International Journal of ChemTech Research 13, no. 1 (2020): 222–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20902/ijctr.2019.130127.
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The objectives of this study are: (1) to inventory Trichoderma spp. in North Minahasa District, South Minahasa District, and Tomohon City-Minahasa District, (2) inventory of Trichoderma spp. in the rhizosphere of cultivated and fallow gardens, and (3) calculate the population density of Trichoderma spp. all soil samples. The scope of this study is the biological control of plant pathogens, induce plant resistance, and biological fertilizer production. Trichoderma isolation spp. has been carried out by dilution method and cultured on PDA + antibiotics. Population density of Trichoderma spp. calculated using the plate calculation method. Identification of this species function based on the color and patterns of sporulation in the colony; hyphae and clamydospores; conidiophores; and phialides and phialospores. Trichoderma species found in North Minahasa District were T. harzianum, T. koningii, and T. viride; in South Minahasa District, T. koningii and T. viride; and in Tomohon City-Minahasa District, T. koningii and T. viride. In fallow gardens were T. harzianum, T. koningii, and T. viride, and in cultivated gardens were T. koningii and T. viride. Population densities of Trichoderma sp. in South Minahasa District, North Minahasa District, and Tomohon City-Minahasa District, respectively 1,363.64, 466.67, and 26.67 CFU / g soil.
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Lesmana, Andrik, Ning Iriyanti, and Titin Widiyastuti. "KADAR NDF DAN ADF KULIT BUAH KAKAO YANG DIFERMENTASI SECARA BERTINGKAT MENGGUNAKAN Trichoderma viride DAN Saccharomyces cerevisiae (NDF and ADF Levels of Cocoa Pod Husk Gradually Fermented Using Trichoderma viride and Saccharomyces cerevisiae)." Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Peternakan 8, no. 2 (July 28, 2020): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/jitp.v8i2.6825.
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The research aimed to examine the effect of gradual fermentation using Trichoderma viride and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its most optimal level of use on lowering NDF and ADF levels of cocoa pod husks. The experiment was conducted experimentally according to a completely randomized design (CRD) consisted of four treatments and five replications. The treatments were R0: cocoa pod husks without fermentation, R1: cocoa pod husk fermentation (T. viride 4% and S. cerevisiae 4%), R2: cocoa pod husk fermentation (T. viride 8% and S. cerevisiae 8%), R3: cocoa pod husk fermentation (T. viride 12% and S. cerevisiae 12%). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the orthogonal polynomial test. The results showed that the gradual fermentation using T. viride and S. cerevisiae was highly significant in reducing levels of NDF and ADF of cocoa pod husks, following the equation Y = 78.926 – 0.087X – 0.092 X2 + 0.007 X3, (R2) = 93.4% and Y = 75.274 – 5.698X + 1.277 X2 – 0.073 X3, (R2) = 99.5%, respectively. In conclusion, the optimal level of using T. viride and S. cerevisiae in lowering the levels of NDF of cocoa pod husk was 9.21%, which can reduce the NDF level as much as 3.98%, while the optimal level of using T. viride and S. cerevisiae in lowering the levels of NDF of cocoa pod husks was 3.01%, which can decrease the ADF level as much as 10.01%.
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Oleszek, Wiesław, Keith R. Price, and Roger G. Fenwick. "The sensitivity of Trichoderma viride to medicagenic acid, its natural glucosides (saponins) and derivatives." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 57, no. 3 (2014): 361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1988.035.
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Medicagenic acid, its 3-0-glucopyranoside and 3,28-di-(0-glucopyranoside), their methyl esters and acetyl derivatives were tested for their potential to retard the growth of the fungus <em>T. viride</em>. The varying antifungal activities are discussed in relation to published data and to the applicability of <em>T. virile</em> - based biological methods for the quantification of saponins in plant material.
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Wahyuni, Siti Hardianti, and Dini Puspita Yanti Nst. "Pengaruh Kombinasi Berbagai Jenis Pupuk Organik yang Didekomposisi dengan Trichoderma Viride Terhadap Intensitas Kerusakan Bonggol Tanaman Pisang." Jurnal Pertanian Tropik 6, no. 3 (December 1, 2019): 458–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jpt.v6i3.3197.
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Pengaruh kombinasi berbagai pupuk organic yang didekomposisi dengan Trichoderma viride terhadap intensitas kerusakan bonggol tanaman pisang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kombinasi jenis bahan organik dalam menekan intensitas kerusakan bonggol tanaman pisang terhadap Fusarium oxysporum Schl. f. sp. cubense (Foc). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di lahan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Graha Nusantara Padangsidimpuan, mulai Februari sampai bulan Agustus 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri atas 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan adalah kombinasi berbagai bahan organik sebagai berikut : (a) Kotoran ayam dan jerami didekomposisi oleh T. viride, (b) Kotoran sapi dan jerami didekomposisi oleh T. viride, (c) Kotoran ayam dan kotoran sapi didekomposisi oleh T. viride, (d) Kotoran sapi, kotoran ayam dan jerami didekomposisi oleh T. viride, (e) Kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan intensitas kerusakan bonggol terendah yaitu pada perlakuan SAJ (menggunakan bahan organic kotoran sapi, kotoran ayam dan jerami) sebesar 0,42 %.
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Shubakov, A. А., V. V. Volodin, S. О. Volodina, and V. V. Martynov. "Step-by-step selection of highly productive cellulase activity colonies fungus Тrichoderma viride." Proceedings of the Komi Science Centre of the Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences 5 (2021): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.19110/1994-5655-2021-5-72-77.
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The paper presents the results of the stepwise selection of highly productive by cellulase activity colonies of the fungus Trichoderma viride ARCIM 13/10 (F-120). To obtain and select T. viride 13/10 colonies, dense nutrient media were used, in which the carbon sources were soluble substrates (2 % sucrose, 2 % sodium carboxy-methyl cellulose) and in-soluble, hardly hydrolyzeble substrates (Whatman No. 1 filter paper and cellulose produced by JSC «Mondi Syktyvkar Timber Industry Complex»). Cellulase activity of T. viride 13/10 col¬onies was assessed by saccharification of filter paper. As a result of the selection of the T. viride 13/10 strain carried out according to the scheme developed by us, it was possible to in¬crease the cellulase activity of the strain in comparison with its initial activity by 6,2–7,0 times. Further selection, especially with the use of mutagenic factors, can further increase the level of cellulase synthesis by the culture of the fungus T. viride.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "T. viride"
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Jaafoura, Salma. "Mémoire lymphocytaire T et persistance virale." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA114847.
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Au cours d’une réponse immunitaire primaire, les lymphocytes T CD8 mémoires émergent à partir d'un environnement de forte activation immunitaire. Les cellules régulatrices T CD4 FoxP3+ (LTregs) jouent un rôle clé de suppression de la réponse immunitaire. Nous montrons que les LTregs sont nécessaires pour la génération d’une réponse mémoire T CD8 fonctionnelle. En absence de LTregs lors du priming, les LT CD8 mémoires générées prolifèrent faiblement et ne parviennent pas à se différencier après une réactivation antigénique en effecteurs cytotoxiques secondaires fonctionnelles. Nous suggérons que les LTregs agissent tôt, lors de la phase d'expansion des LT CD8, en réduisant l’exposition des précurseurs mémoires T CD8 à l'interleukine-2. Ce nouveau rôle crucial des LTregs a des implications pour le développement optimal de vaccin.Chez les patients sous traitement antirétroviral efficace et prolongée (ART), le VIH peut persister dans un petit pool de cellules T CD4 mémoires quiescentes de longue durée de vie infectées par du virus latent intégré. Ce réservoir latent comprend différentes sous-populations mémoires. Nos résultats suggèrent une contraction progressive de la taille du réservoir latent autour d'un noyau formé de sous-populations T CD4 mémoires moins différenciées (centrales mémoires TCM et souches mémoires TSCM). Ce processus très lent semble dépendre de la taille initiale et du taux de décroissance qui diffère entre les sous-populations mémoires infectées de manière latente. Nos résultats suggèrent également une extrême stabilité du sous-réservoir TSCM, dont la taille est directement liée à l'exposition cumulée au virus plasmatique avant le début du traitement ART, soulignant l'importance d'une initiation précoce du traitement antirétroviral efficace. La présence de cette dynamique intrinsèque dans le réservoir latent peut avoir des implications pour la conception de stratégies optimales de purge thérapeutique contre le VIHDuring the primary immune response, CD8 memory emerges from an environment of strong immune activation. The FoxP3 regulatory CD4 T-cell subset (Treg) is known as a key suppressive component of the immune system. We report that Tregs are required for the generation of functional CD8 memory. In the absence of Tregs during priming, the resulting memory cells proliferate poorly and fail to differentiate into functional cytotoxic secondary effectors following antigen reactivation. We find that the Tregs act early, during the expansion phase of primary CD8 effectors, by fine tuning interleukin-2 exposure of CD8 memory precursors. This crucial new role of Tregs has implications for optimal vaccine development. In patients who are receiving prolonged antiretroviral treatment (ART), HIV can persist within a small pool of long-lived resting memory CD4 T cells infected with integrated latent virus. This latent reservoir involves distinct memory subsets. We provide results that suggest a progressive reduction of the size of the blood latent reservoir around a core of less-differentiated memory subsets (central memory and stem cell-like memory).This process appears to be driven by the differences in initial sizes and decay rates between latently infected memory subsets. Our results also suggest an extreme stability of the TSCM sub-reservoir, the size of which is directly related to cumulative plasma virus exposure before the onset of ART, stressing the importance of early initiation of effective ART. The presence of these intrinsic dynamics within the latent reservoir may have implications for the design of optimal HIV therapeutic purging strategies
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Brizzi, Fanny. "Étude de l'effet de l'expression de la protéine virale Nef du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine sur la lymphopoïèse T." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00476995.
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La destruction du compartiment T CD4 induite par le VIH‐1 est essentiellement périphérique. Cependant, l'atteinte des précurseurs lymphocytaires T, pour laquelle existent des arguments, est encore mal connue. L'objectif de ce travail a été d'explorer le rôle de la protéine Nef, hors contexte d'infection virale, dans la différenciation lymphoïde. Nef, produite très tôt après l'infection par le VIH‐1, possède un rôle‐clé dans la pathogénie, comme en témoigne la reproduction, chez la souris transgénique pour Nef, d'une maladie proche de la maladie humaine. Dans les lymphocytes matures infectés, Nef module l'expression du récepteur CD4, des molécules du CMH de classe I et induit un état d'activation T. Nef interagit également avec de nombreux partenaires cellulaires impliqués dans des voies de signalisation cytokinique, de contrôle de l'apoptose et de l'ontogénie T. Au cours de ce travail, nous avons montré que l'expression de Nef en absence d'autres gènes viraux bloquait le potentiel T et NK des précurseurs hématopoïétiques humains par un mécanisme apoptotique indépendant des caspases et lié à une perturbation du potentiel mitochondrial. Grâce à l'utilisation du système de culture OP9‐DL1 permettant l'identification des premiers stades de différenciation des cellules T, nous avons montré que la génération de cellules T à partir de CD34+ est affectée à un stade CD3+CD5+CD1a+ qui a initié le réarrangement D‐J du TCRβ. Les stades suivant du développement T sont aussi affectés, en effet, une réduction quantitative du nombre de CD4 ISP et de DP CD4+CD8+ TCRαβ a été observée. Nef diminue aussi la génération de cellules NK CD56+ alors que la production de cellules B n'est pas affectée. Des analyses par dilution limite montrent une réduction significative de la fréquence des précurseurs T/NK parmi les cellules CD34+ exprimant Nef. Nous avons par ailleurs montré une augmentation de 15 à 25% de cellules apoptotiques dans les cellules exprimant Nef‐WT par rapport aux autres conditions. Cette apoptose n'est pas caspase dépendante et La voie Fas/Fas‐L ne semble pas entrer non plus en jeu. Nous avons par ailleurs pu déterminer que l'atteinte apoptotique des précurseurs passait par une déstabilisation mitochondriale, ceci grâce à un marquage DIOC6. L'ensemble des résultats regroupés dans de ce travail permet d'approfondir les connaissances des mécanismes d'interférence du VIH avec l'hématopoïèse et plus précisément des actions de Nef sur l'hématopoïèse humaine.
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Piché, Alain. "Résolution d'une molécule d'ADN hybride virale-cellulaire dans des cellules de mammifères : rôle de la protéine virale grand T." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11748.
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RmI est une molécule hybride contenant 1,03 copie du génome du virus du polyome liée à une insertion cellulaire d'ADN de souris par des répétitions virales directes de 182 pb. Dans ce travail, nous avons examiné la recombinaison intramoléculaire de RmI en utilisant différents recombinants contenant cette molécule. Après transfection dans diverses lignées cellulaires, la recombinaison a été mise en évidence par la production de plages de lyse, ou directement par la méthode de Southern. Nous avons montré que des molécules de taille génomique étaient produites à une fréquence élevée dans des cellules de souris et qu'il s'agissait là d'un événement de recombinaison réciproque. Il semble que la présence de la protéine virale grand T soit nécessaire à cet événement de recombinaison.
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Bidot, Caroline. "Modélisation mathématique de la réponse lymphocytaire T spécifique à une infection virale." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00085132.
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Le lymphocyte T est une cellule clé de l'immunité spécifique. Dans le but de créer un outil de compréhension et de prédiction de certains mécanismes immunitaires, une modélisation de la réponse immunitaire du lymphocyte T est proposée. L'activation du lymphocyte par la reconnaissance d'un peptide apprêté par une cellule présentatrice d'antigène est une étape essentielle de cette réponse immunitaire. Cette activation a été modélisée par un système d'équations différentielles ordinaires, de type cinétique chimique, représentant l'évolution temporelle des concentrations de différentes protéines lymphocytaires (TCR/CD3, CD28, CD69, CD25, IL-2). Afin de considérer une quantité d'antigène variable dans l'organisme, un modèle de prolifération virale a aussi été écrit, basé sur des exemples de modèles proies/prédateurs, obtenant ainsi un système d'équations différentielles ordinaires mettant en jeu un virus donné, les cellules cibles du virus, saines ou infectées, et l'action des lymphocytes T cytotoxiques. Un couplage de ces deux modèles (activation lymphocytaire T et prolifération virale) permet une approche de simulation de la réponse lymphocytaire T spécifique à une infection virale.
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Hamel, Yamina. "Etude de la réponse lymphocytaire T anti-virale dans la perspective de transfert adoptif post-greffe." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077243.
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Les traitements intensifs qui précèdent l'injection de cellules souches hématopoïétiques allogéniques et T¬' déplétées ont pour conséquence la disparition des Lymphocytes T (LT) périphériques, La privation des réponses mémoires T expose les patients à des risques viraux tels que le Cytomégalovirus (CMV), le virus d'Epstein-Barr (EBV) ainsi que les Adénovirus responsables de défaillances d'organes sévères et de mortalité. Je me suis intéressée aux moyens de reconstituer chez le receveur un répertoire T permettant de limiter les épisodes infectieux après greffe. J'ai choisi de développer un protocole de thérapie cellulaire sous forme d'injection de LT spécifiques à visées préventive et curative des risques viraux post-greffe. Des cellules dendritiques ont été transduites par deux adénovirus recombinants (pour une protéine du CMV ou de PEBV) puis cultivées en présence de LT autologues. Les LT cytotoxiques (CUL) générés ont un fort potentiel cytotoxique vis-à-vis de fibroblastes autologues infectés soit par le CMV soit par l'Adénovirus type 5 et la lignée B autologue. Par contre ces cellules étaient dépourvues de potentiel alloréactif. Pour vérifier l'absence d'altération du répertoire T au cours des stimulations, j'ai évalué la composition clonale des LT CD8 CMV-spécifiques avant et après stimulation. Ces cellules ont été analysées par immunoscope qui a montré que la diversité TCR-Vbêta était conservée après stimulation et les CTL ainsi générés sont utilisables en immunothérapieIntensive treatment prior to the injection of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) have a dual effect on the immune system: one hand, they damage the majority of peripheral T cells and with them most of the immunological memory of the patient and, secondly they are capable of altering anatomical areas involved in their differentiation. For allogeneic transplantation, these effects are exacerbated by immunosuppressive therapy given for prevention of graft versus host disease (GVHD), as well as by the latter if it occurs. Deprived of immunological memory, private as part of this capacity to rapidly regenerate a new T tell repertoire during the shorter or longer period of recovery, the patient will be exposed to risks of infection. Several ways of research are currently being developed to try to prevent and treat post-transplantation complications. We considered the opportunities for immune-intervention by adoptive transfer of T cells after transplantation, i. E. The means to accelerate the constitution in the recipient of a T tell repertoire to limit the infections episodes. These tell therapies can be considered as injections of either total T lymphocytes of the donor either T cells selected for their specificities. The first solution exhibiting at high risk of GVHD, we are mainly interested in the second, i. E. The immediate contribution of T cells with selected specificities for virures following the hematopoietic stem cells transplantation partially matched T depleted. We studied the role of specific T cells in the fight against infectious complications after transplantation
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Sturm, Nathalie. "Etude phénotypique et fonctionnelle des lymphocytes intra-hépatiques dans l'hépatite chronique virale C et le carcinome hépatocellulaire." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00649495.
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L'hépatite chronique virale C est associée à une défaillance du système immunitaire. Nous nous sommes intéressés aux cellules NK et aux lymphocytes Treg, partenaires de la réponse immunitaire innée. Le nombre des NK, particulièrement les CD56dim, est significativement diminué chez les patients infectés, dans le foie plus que dans le sang, et s'accentue avec la fibrogenèse. Le nombre de CD3-CD56+brightNKG2A+ circulantes est corrélé à la sévérité de l'inflammation et de la fibrose et celui des CD3-CD56+dimNKG2A+ inversement corrélé à la charge virale. Les NK sont fonctionnelles, en capacité de produire de l'IFN-γ et d'engager un processus de cytolyse. L'expression de CD158 est significativement diminuée à la surface des NK hépatiques mais conservée dans les NK circulantes. L'expression de NKG2A,C,D dans les NK circulantes et hépatiques est identique à celles de patients non infectés. Les Treg intrahépatiques FoxP3+ sont quasi-exclusivement de phénotype CD4+. En analyse multivariée, le nombre de FoxP3+ est indépendamment associé à celui de CD8+, surtout dans les lésions nécrotico-inflammatoires et une corrélation forte est observée entre les transcrits CD8, FoxP3, IL-10 et TGF-β, suggérant que les Treg bloquent l'expansion et la cytotoxicité des TCD8 par contact cellulaire ou par le biais de cytokines immunosuppressives. L'équilibre entre FoxP3 et CD8 est rompu dans les grades et stades Métavir A>2 et F>3, avec un effondrement du rapport FoxP3/CD8. L'inflammation hépatique chronique s'accompagne de fibrose, aboutissant à la cirrhose, principale cause de CHC. Dans les cirrhoses virales C avec ou sans CHC, les lymphocytes CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, CD56+, TCRγδ +, FoxP3+ sont plus nombreux dans la fibrose que dans le parenchyme. Le nombre de CD20+, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ et l'expression d'IFN-γ et RANTES sont plus élevés dans les cirrhoses qui développent un CHC. En analyse multivariée, CD8 est le seul facteur indépendament associé à la récidive tumorale et à une diminution de la survie sans récidive à 5 ans. Les CD20+, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD56+, TCRγδ+, FoxP3+ sont significativement moins nombreux dans le CHC que dans la cirrhose. Mais les FoxP3+ sont significativement plus nombreux et les CD56+ moins nombreux dans le CHC que dans le nodule parenchymateux, sans modification des LT, conduisant à une augmentation du rapport FoxP3/CD8 dans la tumeur. Les CD56+ diminuent de la cirrhose au CHC. Aucune corrélation n'est observée entre la densité intra-tumorale des lymphocytes étudiés et la récidive carcinomateuse. Conclusion. Un infiltrat inflammatoire dense au sein de la cirrhose C, particulièrement riche en CD8, favorise le développement et/ou la récidive du CHC.
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Alanio, Bréchot Cécile. "Impact d'une infection virale chronique sur le répertoire T CD8 préimmun : à quel moment perd-on sa naiveté?" Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066376/document.
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Le répertoire T CD8 préimmun correspond aux lymphocytes T spécifiques d'antigène circulant en périphérie, et n'ayant pas encore été activés. Ces cellules sont très rares, et de ce fait, n'ont jusqu'ici pas pu être étudiées de façon approfondie. Nous avons dans un premier temps développé un protocole d'enrichissement basé sur la technologie des tétramères. Nous avons pu détecter et énumérer des lymphocytes T CD8 naïfs spécifiques d'antigènes dans le sang de sujets sains. Nous avons ensuite utilisé cet outil pour évaluer le répertoire T préimmun de patients chroniquement infectés par le virus de l'hépatite C (cHCV). Nous avons démontré que celui-ci est significativement perturbé, avec des cellules hypersensibles à l'activation TCR et une proportion importante de lymphocytes T de phénotype mémoire alors qu'ils n'ont pourtant pas rencontré leur antigène cible. Ces anomalies disparaissent après résolution de l'infection, soulignant l'intérêt d'instaurer précocément un traitement antiviral chez ces patients. Enfin, nous avons observé dans un modèle de souris transgéniques (OTI) une proportion importante de T inexpérimentés de phénotype mémoire chez les animaux non-immunisés déficients en cxcr3. Nos travaux démontrent que les lymphocytes T inexpérimentés peuvent perdre leur naïveté dans différentes situations pathologiques. Ces résultats devraient être pris en considération pour l'optimisation de futures stratégies d'immunothérapie, notamment lorsque des patients dits "inflammatoires" sont la cible de vaccinations. Enfin, nos résultats soulignent la difficulté d'interpréter les données d'immunophénotypage en l'absence d'information sur la spécificité antigéniqueThe CD8 preimmune repertoire is defined as the set of circulating antigen-specific T CD8 lymphocytes that have not been activated yet by their cognate antigen. Because those cells are very rare, they have not been evaluated in humans. We developed a tetramer-based enrichment protocol that allowed for the first time direct detection and enumeration of those rare naive antigen-specific CD8 T cells in healthys. We then used this tool to characterize the CD8 preimmune repertoire in patients with chronic hepatitis C viral infection. We found that their naive CD8 T cells are dysregulated, being hypersensitive to TCR signals, and with increased proportions of memory-phenotype (MP) cells in inexperienced populations. These perturbations are reversible after viral clearance, highlighting the added benefit of early antiviral treatment. Finally, using a transgenic model (OTI), we observed high proportions of MP inexperienced T cells in the blood of cxcr3-deficient unimmunized mice. This suggests that CXCR3-dependent lymphocyte trafficking could account for some preimmune repertoire alterations. Altogether, our work demonstrates that inexperienced T cells can lose their naiveté in several pathological situations. The impact of these findings will need to be considered when designing future immunotherapeutic strategies - especially when « inflammatory » patients are being targeted. Additionally, we highlight the challenge of interpreting T-cell immunophenotyping studies without getting knowledge into antigen-specific populations
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Lemieux, Bruno. "Mutants de l'antigène grand T du virus du polyome affectés dans la réplication virale." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ35693.pdf.
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Leroy, Vincent. "Evaluation des populations lymphocytaires T intra-hépatiques au cours de l'hépatite virale chronique C." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE10180.
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Le but de ce travail était d'évaluer le rôle des LIH au cours de l'HCC. Méthodes: Les LIH étaient évalués par cytométrie de flux, immunohistochimie et par RT-PCR en temps réel. La diversité des récepteurs à l'antigène (TCR) était étudiée par analyse moléculaire de la région CDR3 (technique "immunoscope"). Résultats: La distribution des LIH est modifiée au cours de l'HCC (augmentation des lymphocytes T conventionels, diminution des lymphocytes T[gamma][delta], NK et TNK). Une corrélation était observée entre le nombre de lymphocytes T CD8 exprimant des marqueurs de cytoxicité et la sévérité de la maladie. L'analyse moléculaire de leur TCR retrouvait un répertoire divers, typique d'une population polyclonale. Conclusion: Nos résultats montrent que les lymphocytes T CD8 sont les principaux effecteurs des lésions hépatiques au cours de l'HCC. Leur caractère polyclonal et leur absence d'efficacité antivirale suggère qu'il s'agit en majorité de lymphocytes non spécifiques recrutés dans le foie.
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Lemieux, Bruno. "Mutants de l'antigène grand T du virus du polyome affectés dans la réplication virale." Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1998.
Find full textBooks on the topic "T. viride"
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Gruss, Claudia. Bindung des T-Antigens aus einer SV40 transformierten Zellinie an virale und zelluläre DNA-Sequenzen. Konstanz: Hartung-Gorre, 1988.
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Becker, Marcellinus Jozef. Deugdethiek en pacifisme: Tolstojs pacifisme in gesprek met de deugdethiek van Aris[t]oteles en Thomas van Aquino. Amsterdam: Thesis Publishers, 1997.
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Hiroaki, Mitsuya, and National Cancer Institute (U.S.). Office of Cancer Communications., eds. Dextran sulfate suppression of viruses in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) family: Inhibition of virion binding to CD+ T cells. [Bethesda, Md.?]: National Cancer Institute, Office of Cancer Communications, 1988.
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Wrestling with life's tough issues: What should a Christian do? Peabody, Mass: Hendrickson Publishers, 2008.
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Ethische Normen des frühen Christentums: Gut - Leben - Leib - Tugend. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2013.
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Richard, Jordan. The quiet hero: Figures of temperance in Spenser, Donne, Milton, and Joyce. Washington, D.C: Catholic University of America Press, 1989.
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Mligo, Elia Shabani. Jesus and the stigmatized: Reading the Gospel of John in a context of HIV/AIDS-related stigmatization in Tanzania. Eugene, Or: Pickwick Publications, 2011.
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Dextran sulfate suppression of viruses in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) family: Inhibition of virion binding to CD+ T cells. [Bethesda, Md.?]: National Cancer Institute, Office of Cancer Communications, 1988.
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Plique, Sébastien. Bombe Dans Ma Vie le Temps de Vivre un Grand Virage: La Clef N'est Pas ELLE , Mais Renferme-T-elle Encore des Souvenirs ? Independently Published, 2017.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "T. viride"
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Sastry, K. Subramanya, Bikash Mandal, John Hammond, S. W. Scott, and R. W. Briddon. "Trifolium spp. (Trifolium album, T. alexandrinum, T. ambiguum, T. campestre, T. dubium, T. hybridum, T. incarnatum, T. pratense, T. repens, T. subterraneum, T. tembense, T. vesiculosum) (Clover)." In Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids, 2559–78. New Delhi: Springer India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_954.
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Sastry, K. Subramanya, Bikash Mandal, John Hammond, S. W. Scott, and R. W. Briddon. "Thymus spp. (Thymus citriodorus, T. vulgaris) (Thyme)." In Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids, 2545–46. New Delhi: Springer India, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_939.
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McLean, B. G., Y. Thorstenson, V. Citovsky, J. R. Zupan, E. Greene, and P. C. Zambryski. "A. Tumefaciens T-DNA Transport: Roles for VirB, VirD2 and VirE2." In Advances in Molecular Genetics of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Vol. 2, 63–71. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0651-3_6.
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Aarden, L. A. "The Role of T and B Cells in Transfusion Related Immune Reac-Tions: Cytokines and the Removal of Apoptotic Material." In Risk Management in Blood Transfusion: The Virtue of Reality, 131. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3009-8_10.
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Thiolier-Méjean, Suzanne. "Virgile et Prêtre Jean dans la nouvelle Frayre de Joy e Sor de Plaser." In Études de langue et de littérature médiévales offertes à Peter T. Ricketts à l’occasion de son 70ème anniversaire, 93–105. Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.stmh-eb.3.2524.
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Bejarano, Maria Teresa, Maria Grazia Masucci, George Klein, and Eva Klein. "Role of the Recognition of Virion Antigens in the T-Cell Mediated Inhibition of EBV-Induced B-Cell Transformation." In Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Disease • 1988, 195–200. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4508-7_28.
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Daly, Daniel. "Virtue Ethics." In T&T Clark Handbook of Christian Ethics. T&T Clark, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9780567677204.ch-006.
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Alexander, Shawn Leigh. "The Virtue of Agitation." In T. Thomas Fortune, the Afro-American Agitator, 115–17. University Press of Florida, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813032320.003.0011.
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Sayan, Erdinç. "The Bayesian Theory of Confirmation, Idealizations and Approximations in Science." In The Paideia Archive: Twentieth World Congress of Philosophy, 281–89. Philosophy Documentation Center, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/wcp20-paideia199837681.
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My focus in this paper is on how the basic Bayesian model can be amended to reflect the role of idealizations and approximations in the confirmation or disconfirmation of any hypothesis. I suggest the following as a plausible way of incorporating idealizations and approximations into the Bayesian condition for incremental confirmation: Theory T is confirmed by observation P relative to background knowledge B iff Pr(PΔ│T&(T&I ├ PT)&B) > Pr(PΔ│~T&(T&I├PT)andB), where I is the conjunction of idealizations and approximations used in deriving the prediction PT from T, P expresses the discrepancy between the prediction PT and the actual observation P, and ├ stands for logical entailment. This formulation has the virtue of explicitly taking into account the essential use made of idealizations and approximations as well as the fact that theoretically based predictions that utilize such assumptions will not, in general, exactly fit the data. A non-probabilistic analogue of the confirmation condition above that I offer avoids the 'old evidence problem,' which has been a headache for classical Bayesianism.
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Mallard, Bonnie, Mehdi Emam, Shannon Cartwright, Tess Altvater-Hughes, Alexandra Livernois, Lauri Wagter-Lesperance, Douglas C. Hodgins, et al. "Advances in understanding immune response in dairy cattle." In Improving dairy herd health Improving, 121–62. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19103/as.2020.0086.06.
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From the beginning, cattle have made important contributions to the field of immunology, including the development of the first Mycobacterium bovis BCG vaccine for human tuberculosis in 1921. In 1981 the first report of a biosynthesized polypeptide vaccine against Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) using the VP3 protein expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) was made for cattle. Cattle also possess a substantial proportion of T cells expressing the γδ T-cell receptor which helped to elucidate the role of these unique cells in host defence. More recently, it was discovered that cattle produce antibodies with ultra-long Complementarity Determining Region (CDR) - 3. This seminal finding has allowed the production of bovine therapeutic broadly neutralizing antibodies with ultra-long CDRs to passively treat various virial infections in humans and play a key role in protecting cattle. This chapter will review advances in bovine immunology, particularly as it relates to dairy cattle.
Conference papers on the topic "T. viride"
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Silva, Ivamara De Morais, Lara Victória Pinheiro, Fernanda Bruna De Medeiros Freire, Tâmira Carminda Thomás De Araújo Figueiredo, and Vinícius Dutra Campelo. "OCORRÊNCIA DE NEUROCISTICERCOSE DECORRENTE DE INFECÇÃO PELO PARASITA TAENIA SOLIUM." In II Congresso Brasileiro de Saúde On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/rems/1506.
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Introdução: A neurocisticercose (NCC) consiste numa infecção ocasionada pela forma cística da tênia do porco, o helminto Taenia solium, cujos cisticercos (forma larval) podem se alojar em qualquer área do sistema nervoso central (SNC) do ser humano, levando a forma mais grave do complexo teníase/cisticercose, que está entre as principais doenças tropicais negligenciadas (DTN). Além da natureza multifatorial, a NCC se dissemina principalmente por meio da ingestão acidental de ovos do parasita em alimentos e água contaminados, além da autoinfecção em portadores da teníase. Logo, esse conjunto de fatores transforma a NCC em uma séria questão de saúde coletiva. Objetivos: Analisar o desenvolvimento das manifestações clínicas em pacientes diagnosticados com neurocisticercose em decorrência de infecção pela forma cística do parasita T. solium. Material e Métodos: Através da análise bibliográfica da literatura disponível, artigos publicados entre dezembro de 2010 e fevereiro de 2020 foram selecionados, utilizando as plataformas PUBMED, WEB OF SCIENCE, SCIELO e PERIÓDICOS CAPES como bases de dados, aplicando os descritores “Neurocisticercose”, “Taenia solium”, em inglês e português, operando critérios de inclusão e exclusão para seleção dos artigos utilizados. Resultados: A NCC desenvolve-se após a ingestão de ovos de T. solium, que em seguida eclodem e originam oncosferas (estágio larval) capazes de penetrar na parede intestinal. Logo após, os parasitos caem na corrente sanguínea, podendo a atingir vários órgãos distintos, assumindo assim a forma de cisticercos. Contudo, quando esse parasito alcança o SNC, a forma de cisticerco vesicular é mantida por um período de tempo que pode chegar a anos, o que leva a quadros inflamatórios discretos pelo mesmo intervalo temporal. Caso em um segundo momento uma resposta imune seja desencadeada, o cisticerco degenera-se e os sinais e sintomas da NCC manifestam-se, como convulsões e aumento da pressão intracraniana. Conclusão: A NCC consiste em uma condição parasitária multifatorial, resultante da infecção pela T. solium, a qual, em sua forma larvária, é responsável por desencadear diferentes apresentações clínicas severas. Em virtude disso, faz-se necessário ações da prevenção primária a terciária para prevenir e combater o avanço dos casos de NCC, bem como de outras teníases.
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Lyle, P., G. J. Small, T. J. DiMagno, and J. R. Norris. "Marker Mode Structure in the Primary Donor State of Bacterial Reaction Centers." In Persistent Spectral Hole Burning: Science and Applications. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/pshb.1991.fe5.
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Underlying structure for the primary donor absorption profiles of isolated reaction centers Rhodopseudomonas viridis and Rhodobacter sphaeroides (P960 and P870) has recently been uncovered by transient hole burning experiments [1]. A Franck-Condon progression of an intermolecular special pair marker mode (ωsp) was found to originate in the low energy shoulder of the absorption spectra and peak at the one quantum transition. The theory of Hayes and Small [2] for fitting hole burned spectra was extended to include the coupling of the marker mode. Briefly, the theory defines a single site absorption function as being made up of a sum of 0-,1-,… phonon lineshape functions composed of a gaussian distribution for the low energy side and a lorentzian for the high energy side. By constructing a gaussian distribution whose full-width at half maximum is equal to the inhomogeneous broadening and convolving with the single site absorption function, the absorption spectrum is obtained. By further convolving these functions with an exponential decay function of the single sites centered at the bum frequency the absorption spectra after burning a time T is obtained. Important parameters include the Huang-Rhys factor for the phonons and marker mode S,Ssp, the mean phonon frequency ωm, the marker mode frequency ωsp, the width of the one phonon profile Γ, the zero-phonon width γ, and the inhomogeneous broadening Γ1. Most of the parameter values required in the fit can be obtained from experiment. An important test for the theory is how well it can account for the bum wavelength dependence of the hole spectrum.
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M'selmi, Sana. "Lecture croisée du désir dans Hable con ella de Pedro Almodóvar et La Macération de Rachid Boudjedra à travers le motif de l’eau." In XXV Coloquio AFUE. Palabras e imaginarios del agua. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/xxvcoloquioafue.2016.2969.
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Les personnages de l’écrivain algérien Rachid Boudjedra ne prennent pas la mer. Dans ses romans, la mer est citée en tant que frontière ; les fleuves sont des tombeaux à ciel ouvert où s’entassent les cadavres des résistants au colonisateur. Mais, La Macération, roman publié en 1984, met en scène un univers aquatique où écrire est faire acte de désir, où l’écriture est à la fois sexuelle et mystique car l’eau est encre et l’encre féconde la page blanche comme l’eau féconde la terre et l’homme féconde la femme. Parle avec elle : Marco est dans une chambre d’hôpital, il y veille Lydia qui semble dormir pour ne plus se réveiller. Plan rapproché, zoom sur les yeux grand ouverts de Marco. Ce dernier fait un rêve, où l’amante est vivante. Mais surtout, dans ce rêve, il y a un homme : beau et sculptural qui traverse une piscine à la nage. Pourquoi ce rêve ? Comment s’est fait le passage entre les gouttes du médicament se déversant dans le corps de « la belle endormie » à cette eau belle, bleue et translucide ? Comment Lydia a-t-elle laissé la place à cet homme ? Et qui est-il d’ailleurs ? Que fait-il dans ce film ? Scène seconde : Marco laisse couler ses larmes en regardant Pina Bausch se débattre sur scène contre des chaises et des murs. Marco pleure l’absente et Benigno regarde, comme fasciné, ces larmes viriles. Le choix de ces deux récits découle, entre autres, d’une ressemblance thématique – le désir d’un homme pour une femme qui passe ou non par la parole. La Macération et Parle avec elle, me semblent les plus aptes à porter en avant la porosité entre littérature et cinéma au niveau poétique (esthétique) en vue d’exprimer la notion du désir dans son lien viscéral avec l’image/la parole aquatique.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/XXVColloqueAFUE.2016.2969
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Santos, Hortense, Rui Dias, Paula Heliodoro, and Paulo Alexandre. "TESTING THE EMPIRICS OF WEAK FORM OF EFFICIENT MARKET HYPOTHESIS: EVIDENCE FROM LAC REGION MARKETS." In Fourth International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/itema.2020.91v.
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The new coronavirus disease (Covid-19) evolved quickly from a regional health outbreak to a global collapse, stopping the global economy in a unprecedented way, creating uncertainty and chaos in the financial markets. Based on these events, it is intended in this paper to test the persistence of profitability in the financial markets of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru and Mexico, in the period between January 2018 to July 2020. In order to perform this analysis where undertaken different approaches in order to analyze if: (i) the financial markets of Latin America are efficient in their weak-form during the global pandemic (Covid-19)? ii) If so, the persistent long memories cause risks between these regional markets? The results suggest that the returns don’t follow the i.i.d. hypothesis, from dimension 2, reinforcing the idea that returns of stock indexes have a non-linear nature or a significant non-linear component, exception made to the Argentina market, which was expected in virtue of the Ljung-Box (with the return squares) test results, and ARCH-LM. Corroborating the exponents Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA), indicate the presence of persistent long memories, namely into the following markets: Colombia (0.72), Chile (0.66), Brazil (0.58) and Peru (0.57). The Argentina market does not reject the random walk hypothesis, while the Mexican market suggests some anti-persistence (0.41). This situation has implications for investors, once that some returns can be expected, creating arbitration opportunities and abnormal income, contrary to the supposed from the random walk hypothesis and information efficiency. The t-test results of the heteroscedasticity form the two samples suggest that there is no risk transmission between these regional markets, with the exception to the BOVESPA / BOLSAA MX markets, that is, the existence of persistent long memories in the returns does not imply the risk transmission between markets. These finds allow the creation of strategies of diversification inefficient portfolios. These conclusions also open space for the market regulators to implement measures that guarantee a better informational information of these regional markets.
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Santos, Hortense, Rui Dias, Paula Heliodoro, and Paulo Alexandre. "TESTING THE EMPIRICS OF WEAK FORM OF EFFICIENT MARKET HYPOTHESIS: EVIDENCE FROM LAC REGION MARKETS." In Fourth International Scientific Conference ITEMA Recent Advances in Information Technology, Tourism, Economics, Management and Agriculture. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/itema.2020.91.
Full textAbstract:
The new coronavirus disease (Covid-19) evolved quickly from a regional health outbreak to a global collapse, stopping the global economy in a unprecedented way, creating uncertainty and chaos in the financial markets. Based on these events, it is intended in this paper to test the persistence of profitability in the financial markets of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru and Mexico, in the period between January 2018 to July 2020. In order to perform this analysis where undertaken different approaches in order to analyze if: (i) the financial markets of Latin America are efficient in their weak-form during the global pandemic (Covid-19)? ii) If so, the persistent long memories cause risks between these regional markets? The results suggest that the returns don’t follow the i.i.d. hypothesis, from dimension 2, reinforcing the idea that returns of stock indexes have a non-linear nature or a significant non-linear component, exception made to the Argentina market, which was expected in virtue of the Ljung-Box (with the return squares) test results, and ARCH-LM. Corroborating the exponents Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA), indicate the presence of persistent long memories, namely into the following markets: Colombia (0.72), Chile (0.66), Brazil (0.58) and Peru (0.57). The Argentina market does not reject the random walk hypothesis, while the Mexican market suggests some anti-persistence (0.41). This situation has implications for investors, once that some returns can be expected, creating arbitration opportunities and abnormal income, contrary to the supposed from the random walk hypothesis and information efficiency. The t-test results of the heteroscedasticity form the two samples suggest that there is no risk transmission between these regional markets, with the exception to the BOVESPA / BOLSAA MX markets, that is, the existence of persistent long memories in the returns does not imply the risk transmission between markets. These finds allow the creation of strategies of diversification inefficient portfolios. These conclusions also open space for the market regulators to implement measures that guarantee a better informational information of these regional markets.
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Mobinipouya, Neda, and Omid Mobinipouya. "On the Heat Transfer Enhancement of Turbulent Gas Floes in Short Round Tubes Engaging a Light Gas Mixed With Selected Heavier Gases." In ASME 2011 9th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2011-58136.
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A unique way for maximizing turbulent free convection from heated vertical plates to cold gases is studied in this paper. The central idea is to examine the attributes that binary gas mixtures having helium as the principal gas and xenon, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, methane, tetrafluoromethane and sulfur hexafluoride as secondary gases may bring forward. From fluid physics, it is known that the thermo-physical properties affecting free convection with binary gas mixtures are viscosity ηmix, thermal conductivity λmix, density ρmix, and heat capacity at constant pressure. The quartet ηmix, λmix, ρmix, and Cp,mix is represented by triple-valued functions of the film temperature the pressure P, and the molar gas composition w. The viscosity is obtained from the Kinetic Theory of Gases conjoined with the Chapman-Enskog solution of the Boltzmann Transport Equation. The thermal conductivity is computed from the Kinetic Theory of Gases. The density is determined with a truncated virial equation of state. The heat capacity at constant pressure is calculated from Statistical Thermodynamics merged with the standard mixing rule. Using the similarity variable method, the descriptive Navier-Stokes and energy equations for turbulent Grashof numbers Grx > 109 are transformed into a system of two nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which is solved by the shooting method and the efficient fourth-order Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg algorithm. The numerical temperature fields T(x, y) for the five binary gas mixtures He-Xe, He-N2, He-O2, He-CO2, He-CH4, He-CF4 and He-SF6 are channeled through the allied mean convection coefficient hmix/B varying with the molar gas composition w in proper w-domain [0, 1]. For the seven binary gas mixtures utilized, the allied mean convection coefficient hmix/B versus the molar gas composition w is graphed in congruous diagrams. At a low film temperature Tf = 300 K, the global maximum allied mean convection coefficient hmix,max/B = 85 is furnished by the He-SF6 gas mixture at an optimal molar gas composition wopt = 0.93. The global maximum allied mean convection coefficient hmix,max/B = 57 is supplied by pure methane gas SF6 (w = 1) at a high film temperature Tf = 1000 K instead of the He-SF6 gas mixture.
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LEITE, RAILSON GOMES. "FLORA COMBRETACEAE EM UMA AREA DE PRESERVAÇÃO PERMANENTE UNIDADE BOA ESPERANÇA (GUADALUPE-PI)." In III Congresso Brasileiro de Ciências Biologicas. Revista Multidisciplinar de Educação e Meio Ambiente, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51189/iii-conbracib/8509.
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Introdução: A família Combretaceae compreende cerca de 500 espécies e 20 gêneros, com distribuição pantopical e a maioria das espécies ocorre na África. No Brasil ocorrem 6 gêneros com aproximadamente 70 espécies que estão distribuídos em quase todas as formações vegetacionais brasileiras. A característica mais marcante do grupo é a presença de tricomas compartimentados. Um dos principais fragmentos de Cerrado no Piauí está localizado na bacia do rio Parnaíba, ao sul do estado, em uma região conhecida como Macrorregião de Desenvolvimento do Cerrado da bacia do Parnaíba, compreendendo 222 municípios, dentre eles o município de Guadalupe. Objetivo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar um levantamento florístico de Combretaceae ocorrentes na área de preservação unidade boa esperança com intuito de conhecer as espécies e contribuindo para um maior conhecimento da flora da região. A escolha da área de estudo teve como recorte espacial a área de preservação permanente Unidade Boa Esperança no município de Guadalupe, Piauí, por conter grande diversidade da vegetação de Cerrado em sua constituição. Material e Método: As coletas foram realizadas mensalmente, compreendendo os meses de julho de 2016 a julho de 2017, seguindo de coleta de exemplares botânicos em estado fértil, as características morfológicas foram descritas com a utilização de guias de campo e fitográfico. O processo de prensagem e herborização seguiu a metodologia usual e incorporada no Herbário Afrânio Fernandes (HAF). Resultados: O levantamento de Combretaceae na Unidade Boa Esperança, resultou no reconhecimento de 6 espécies, distribuídas em 2 gêneros. Combretum duarteanum Cambess, Combretum lanceolatum Pohl. Ex. Miq. Combretum leprosum Mart, Terminalia actinophylla Mart, Terminalia fagifolia Mart, Terminalia lucida Hoffmanns. ex. Mart. Registrou-se a ocorrência de T. catappa L., espécie exótica naturalizada. Essa última em virtude de ser exótica, não será descrita neste estudo. Conclusão: Dessa maneira a área de estudo apresenta uma rica flora, com a presença de espécies subarbustivas e arbustivas de cerrado que florescem durante boa parte do ano. A família Combretaceae mostrou-se um número pequeno de espécies. Os estudos florísticos são de grande relevância na área de estudo que, poderão fornecer subsídios para a conservação e preservação da vegetação da flora local da relação homem e natureza.
Reports on the topic "T. viride"
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Tzfira, Tzvi, Michael Elbaum, and Sharon Wolf. DNA transfer by Agrobacterium: a cooperative interaction of ssDNA, virulence proteins, and plant host factors. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7695881.bard.
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Agrobacteriumtumefaciensmediates genetic transformation of plants. The possibility of exchanging the natural genes for other DNA has led to Agrobacterium’s emergence as the primary vector for genetic modification of plants. The similarity among eukaryotic mechanisms of nuclear import also suggests use of its active elements as media for non-viral genetic therapy in animals. These considerations motivate the present study of the process that carries DNA of bacterial origin into the host nucleus. The infective pathway of Agrobacterium involves excision of a single-stranded DNA molecule (T-strand) from the bacterial tumor-inducing plasmid. This transferred DNA (T-DNA) travels to the host cell cytoplasm along with two virulence proteins, VirD2 and VirE2, through a specific bacteriumplant channel(s). Little is known about the precise structure and composition of the resulting complex within the host cell and even less is known about the mechanism of its nuclear import and integration into the host cell genome. In the present proposal we combined the expertise of the US and Israeli labs and revealed many of the biophysical and biological properties of the genetic transformation process, thus enhancing our understanding of the processes leading to nuclear import and integration of the Agrobacterium T-DNA. Specifically, we sought to: I. Elucidate the interaction of the T-strand with its chaperones. II. Analyzing the three-dimensional structure of the T-complex and its chaperones in vitro. III. Analyze kinetics of T-complex formation and T-complex nuclear import. During the past three years we accomplished our goals and made the following major discoveries: (1) Resolved the VirE2-ssDNA three-dimensional structure. (2) Characterized VirE2-ssDNA assembly and aggregation, along with regulation by VirE1. (3) Studied VirE2-ssDNA nuclear import by electron tomography. (4) Showed that T-DNA integrates via double-stranded (ds) intermediates. (5) Identified that Arabidopsis Ku80 interacts with dsT-DNA intermediates and is essential for T-DNA integration. (6) Found a role of targeted proteolysis in T-DNA uncoating. Our research provide significant physical, molecular, and structural insights into the Tcomplex structure and composition, the effect of host receptors on its nuclear import, the mechanism of T-DNA nuclear import, proteolysis and integration in host cells. Understanding the mechanical and molecular basis for T-DNA nuclear import and integration is an essential key for the development of new strategies for genetic transformation of recalcitrant plant species. Thus, the knowledge gained in this study can potentially be applied to enhance the transformation process by interfering with key steps of the transformation process (i.e. nuclear import, proteolysis and integration). Finally, in addition to the study of Agrobacterium-host interaction, our research also revealed some fundamental insights into basic cellular mechanisms of nuclear import, targeted proteolysis, protein-DNA interactions and DNA repair.
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Epel, Bernard L., Roger N. Beachy, A. Katz, G. Kotlinzky, M. Erlanger, A. Yahalom, M. Erlanger, and J. Szecsi. Isolation and Characterization of Plasmodesmata Components by Association with Tobacco Mosaic Virus Movement Proteins Fused with the Green Fluorescent Protein from Aequorea victoria. United States Department of Agriculture, September 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1999.7573996.bard.
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The coordination and regulation of growth and development in multicellular organisms is dependent, in part, on the controlled short and long-distance transport of signaling molecule: In plants, symplastic communication is provided by trans-wall co-axial membranous tunnels termed plasmodesmata (Pd). Plant viruses spread cell-to-cell by altering Pd. This movement scenario necessitates a targeting mechanism that delivers the virus to a Pd and a transport mechanism to move the virion or viral nucleic acid through the Pd channel. The identity of host proteins with which MP interacts, the mechanism of the targeting of the MP to the Pd and biochemical information on how Pd are alter are questions which have been dealt with during this BARD project. The research objectives of the two labs were to continue their biochemical, cellular and molecular studies of Pd composition and function by employing infectious modified clones of TMV in which MP is fused with GFP. We examined Pd composition, and studied the intra- and intercellular targeting mechanism of MP during the infection cycle. Most of the goals we set for ourselves were met. The Israeli PI and collaborators (Oparka et al., 1999) demonstrated that Pd permeability is under developmental control, that Pd in sink tissues indiscriminately traffic proteins of sizes of up to 50 kDa and that during the sink to source transition there is a substantial decrease in Pd permeability. It was shown that companion cells in source phloem tissue export proteins which traffic in phloem and which unload in sink tissue and move cell to cell. The TAU group employing MP:GFP as a fluorescence probe for optimized the procedure for Pd isolation. At least two proteins kinases found to be associated with Pd isolated from source leaves of N. benthamiana, one being a calcium dependent protein kinase. A number of proteins were microsequenced and identified. Polyclonal antibodies were generated against proteins in a purified Pd fraction. A T-7 phage display library was created and used to "biopan" for Pd genes using these antibodies. Selected isolates are being sequenced. The TAU group also examined whether the subcellular targeting of MP:GFP was dependent on processes that occurred only in the presence of the virus or whether targeting was a property indigenous to MP. Mutant non-functional movement proteins were also employed to study partial reactions. Subcellular targeting and movement were shown to be properties indigenous to MP and that these processes do not require other viral elements. The data also suggest post-translational modification of MP is required before the MP can move cell to cell. The USA group monitored the development of the infection and local movement of TMV in N. benthamiana, using viral constructs expressing GFP either fused to the MP of TMV or expressing GFP as a free protein. The fusion protein and/or the free GFP were expressed from either the movement protein subgenomic promoter or from the subgenomic promoter of the coat protein. Observations supported the hypothesis that expression from the cp sgp is regulated differently than expression from the mp sgp (Szecsi et al., 1999). Using immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy, it was determined that paired wall-appressed bodies behind the leading edge of the fluorescent ring induced by TMV-(mp)-MP:GFP contain MP:GFP and the viral replicase. These data suggest that viral spread may be a consequence of the replication process. Observation point out that expression of proteins from the mp sgp is temporary regulated, and degradation of the proteins occurs rapidly or more slowly, depending on protein stability. It is suggested that the MP contains an external degradation signal that contributes to rapid degradation of the protein even if expressed from the constitutive cp sgp. Experiments conducted to determine whether the degradation of GFP and MP:GFP was regulated at the protein or RNA level, indicated that regulation was at the protein level. RNA accumulation in infected protoplast was not always in correlation with protein accumulation, indicating that other mechanisms together with RNA production determine the final intensity and stability of the fluorescent proteins.