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Rachmayanti, Nisa Utami, and Paulus Pramono Rahardjo. "Development Study of T-Z Curve Generated from Kentledge System and Bidirectional Test." UKaRsT 5, no. 1 (April 3, 2021): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30737/ukarst.v5i1.1090.
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Pile loading tests to check the bearing capacity to support large loads. We can also use it to measure its deflection under lateral load. There are two tests: the axial static pile load test (Kentledge) and the two-directional static pile load test (Bidirectional). T-Z curve as the result analysis based on the instrumented pile test data describes the load distribution and mobilized skin friction along with the pile. Numbers of Vibrating Wire Strain Gauge (VWSG) mounted in several depths of the bored pile and two tell-tale on top and toe of the pile used as primary data in this research. This research to determine the different distribution of mobilized skin friction. The pile from two different pile load test methods from the calculated t-z curve as the study developed from both methods of pile test. The research results that the kentledge system has bigger mobilized skin friction than in bidirectional test.
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Dujella, Andrej, Ivica Gusić, and Petra Tadić. "The rank and generators of Kihara’s elliptic curve with torsion $\mathbf{Z}/4\mathbf{Z}$ over $\mathbf{Q}(t)$." Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series A, Mathematical Sciences 91, no. 8 (August 2015): 105–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3792/pjaa.91.105.
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Liu, Zhi Lin, Pu Rong Jia, Tao Peng, and Zheng Lan Yao. "Study on Tensile Mechanical Behavior of Composite T-Joints." Advanced Materials Research 1142 (January 2017): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1142.146.
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Based on three kinds of composite T-joints with different connection way for tension test outside the plane, it was obtained contrastively that how the ordinary adhesive, Z-pin reinforcement and stitching reinforcement three different fitting influence tensile strength, damage failure process and failure mode of composite T-joints. The test results showed that compared with ordinary adhesive connection mode, tensile strength of the Z-pin reinforcement and stitching reinforcement T-joints increased by 13.6% and 11.4%, respectively; and the largest deformation increased by 19.2% and 15.1%, respectively. After reaching maximum load condition, the ordinary adhesive T-joints had brittle failures, but Z-pin reinforcement and stitching reinforcement T-joints all showed that the ductile damage behavior, corresponding to the load-displacement curve appeared saw-tooth wave platform. Obviously, the Z-pin reinforcement T-joints had the most significant reinforcement effect on tensile properties of composite laminates T-joints.
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Li, Lin, Jingpei Li, De’an Sun, and Weibing Gong. "Semi-analytical approach for time-dependent load–settlement response of a jacked pile in clay strata." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 54, no. 12 (December 2017): 1682–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2016-0561.
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Mechanical behaviour of the soil around a jacked pile changes significantly during pile installation and subsequent consolidation. Hence, an axially loaded jacked pile exhibits apparent time-dependent bearing performance after pile installation. This paper presents a semi-analytical approach to predict the time-dependent bearing performance of an axially loaded jacked pile in saturated clay strata. The effects of pile installation and subsequent consolidation on the changes in mechanical properties of the surrounding soil are modeled by the cavity expansion theory and the radial consolidation theory, respectively. An exponential function–based load-transfer (t–z) curve is employed to describe the nonlinear behaviour of the pile–soil interface during pile loading. The evolutions of the three-dimensional strength and shear modulus of the surrounding soil are subsequently incorporated into the two model parameters of the proposed t–z curve to capture the time-dependent pile–soil interaction behaviour. The time-dependent elastic response of the soil outside the pile–soil interface is also considered in the proposed approach. With the proposed load-transfer curve, an incremental algorithm and a corresponding computational code are developed for assessing the time-dependent load–settlement response of a jacked pile. To verify the proposed semi-analytical approach, predictions of the time-dependent load–settlement curves are compared with the measured values from pile tests at two sites. The good agreement shows that the time-dependent bearing performance can be reasonably predicted by the proposed approach.
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Lange, Tanja, and Igor E. Shparlinski. "Certain Exponential Sums and Random Walks on Elliptic Curves." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 57, no. 2 (April 1, 2005): 338–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-2005-015-8.
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AbstractFor a given elliptic curve E, we obtain an upper bound on the discrepancy of sets of multiples zsG where zs runs through a sequence Z = (z1, … , zT) such that kz1, … , kzT is a permutation of z1, … , zT, both sequences taken modulo t, for sufficiently many distinct values of k modulo t.We apply this result to studying an analogue of the power generator over an elliptic curve. These results are elliptic curve analogues of those obtained for multiplicative groups of finite fields and residue rings.
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Sheil-Small, T. "On the Fourier series of a finitely described convex curve and a conjecture of H. S. Shapiro." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 98, no. 3 (November 1985): 513–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004100063714.
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AbstractLet F(eis) denote a homeomorphism of the positively oriented unit circle onto a convex curve Γ and let f (eit) = F(eiΦ(t)), where Φ(t) is a non-decreasing function such that Φ(2π) – Φ(0) ≤ 2πN (N a positive integer). If f (eit) has Fourier coefficients cn, we show that is either constant or an N -valent analytic function in {|z| < 1}. We prove that where d is the distance from 0 to Γ and δ(N) > 0 depends only on N. This settles affirmatively a conjecture of H. S. Shapiro.
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Milne, Stephen, Jacqueline Huvanandana, Chinh Nguyen, Joseph M. Duncan, David G. Chapman, Katrina O. Tonga, Sabine C. Zimmermann, Alexander Slattery, Gregory G. King, and Cindy Thamrin. "Time-based pulmonary features from electrical impedance tomography demonstrate ventilation heterogeneity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." Journal of Applied Physiology 127, no. 5 (November 1, 2019): 1441–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00304.2019.
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Pulmonary electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a functional imaging technique that allows real-time monitoring of ventilation distribution. Ventilation heterogeneity (VH) is a characteristic feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and has previously been quantified using features derived from tidal variations in the amplitude of the EIT signal. However, VH may be better described by time-based metrics, the measurement of which is made possible by the high temporal resolution of EIT. We aimed 1) to quantify VH using novel time-based EIT metrics and 2) to determine the physiological relevance of these metrics by exploring their relationships with complex lung mechanics measured by the forced oscillation technique (FOT). We performed FOT, spirometry, and tidal-breathing EIT measurements in 11 healthy controls and 9 volunteers with COPD. Through offline signal processing, we derived 3 features from the impedance-time ( Z- t) curve for each image pixel: 1) tE, mean expiratory time; 2) PHASE, mean time difference between pixel and global Z- t curves; and 3) AMP, mean amplitude of Z- t curve tidal variation. Distribution was quantified by the coefficient of variation (CV) and the heterogeneity index (HI). Both CV and HI of the tE and PHASE features were significantly increased in COPD compared with controls, and both related to spirometry and FOT resistance and reactance measurements. In contrast, distribution of the AMP feature showed no relationships with lung mechanics. These novel time-based EIT metrics of VH reflect complex lung mechanics in COPD and have the potential to allow real-time visualization of pulmonary physiology in spontaneously breathing subjects. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Pulmonary electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a real-time imaging technique capable of monitoring ventilation with exquisite temporal resolution. We report novel, time-based EIT measurements that not only demonstrate ventilation heterogeneity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but also reflect oscillatory lung mechanics. These EIT measurements are noninvasive, radiation-free, easy to obtain, and provide real-time visualization of the complex pathophysiology of COPD.
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Tremblay, Annie, Elsa Spinelli, Caitlin E. Coughlin, and Jui Namjoshi. "Syntactic Cues Take Precedence Over Distributional Cues in Native and Non-Native Speech Segmentation." Language and Speech 61, no. 4 (September 25, 2018): 615–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023830918801392.
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This study investigates whether syntactic cues take precedence over distributional cues in native and non-native speech segmentation by examining native and non-native speech segmentation in potential French-liaison contexts. Native French listeners and English-speaking second-language learners of French completed a visual-world eye-tracking experiment. Half the stimuli contained the pivotal consonant /t/, a frequent word onset but infrequent liaison consonant, and half contained /z/, a frequent liaison consonant but rare word onset. In the adjective–noun condition (permitting liaison), participants heard a consonant-initial target (e.g., le petit tatoué; le fameux zélé) that was temporarily ambiguous at the segmental level with a vowel-initial competitor (e.g., le petit [t]athée; le fameux [z]élu); in the noun–adjective condition (not permitting liaison), they heard a consonant-initial target (e.g., le client tatoué; le Français zélé) that was not temporarily ambiguous with a vowel-initial competitor (e.g., le client [*t]athée; le Français [*z]élu). Growth-curve analyses revealed that syntactic context modulated both groups’ fixations (noun–adjective > adjective–noun), and pivotal consonant modulated both groups’ fixations (/t/ > /z/) only in the adjective–noun condition, with the effect of the consonant decreasing in more proficient French learners. These results suggest that syntactic cues override distributional cues in the segmentation of French words in potential liaison contexts.
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Dufort, Evann L., Jonathan Sogin, Mark R. Etzel, and Barbara H. Ingham. "Inactivation Kinetics of Pathogens during Thermal Processing in Acidified Broth and Tomato Purée (pH 4.5)." Journal of Food Protection 80, no. 12 (November 1, 2017): 2014–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-147.
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ABSTRACT Thermal inactivation kinetics for single strains of Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC), Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella enterica were measured in acidified tryptic soy broth (TSB; pH 4.5) heated at 54°C. Inactivation curves also were measured for single-pathogen five-strain cocktails of E. coli O157:H7, L. monocytogenes, and S. enterica heated in tomato purée (pH 4.5) at 52, 54, 56, and 58°C. Inactivation curves were fit using log-linear and nonlinear (Weibull) models. The Weibull model yields the time for a 5-log reduction (t*) and a curve shape parameter (β). Decimal reduction times (D-values) and thermal resistance constants (z-values) from the two models were compared by defining t* = 5D* for the Weibull model. When the log-linear and Weibull models match at the 5-log reduction time, then t* = 5D* = 5D and D = D*. In 18 of 20 strains heated in acidified TSB, D and D* for the two models were not significantly different, although nonlinearity was observed in 35 of 60 trials. Similarly, in 51 of 52 trials for pathogen cocktails heated in tomato purée, D and D* were not significantly different, although nonlinearity was observed in 31% of trials. At a given temperature, D-values for S. enterica << L. monocytogenes < E. coli O157:H7 in tomato purée (pH 4.5). When using the two models, z-values calculated from the D-values were not significantly different for a given pathogen. Across all pathogens, z-values for E. coli O157:H7 and S. enterica were not different but were significantly lower than the z-values for L. monocytogenes. These results are useful for supporting process filings for tomato-based acidified food products with pH 4.5 and below and are relevant to small processors of tomato-based acidified canned foods who do not have the resources to conduct research on and validate pathogen lethality.
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Zerrouk, I., S. G. Ionov, V. P. Popov, and S. Hamamda. "Anisotropy of Thermal Expansion Coefficient of Pressed Graphite Foam Measured over the Temperature Interval 20-500°C." Materials Science Forum 534-536 (January 2007): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.534-536.241.
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This research is aimed at determining the thermal expansion coefficient, α(T), along three directions, X, Y, and Z, of a graphite sample pressed along the direction of weak interactions (Z), over the temperature range [25-500°C]. The experiment results showed that pressing completely alters the dilatometric behavior of the material, and the shape of the α(T) curve changes significantly from one direction to another. Comparing αX, αY, and αZ, a strong anisotropy in the thermal expansion coefficient is observed. This is in good agreement with results published by other researchers who have shown that the electrical conductivity and thermal conductibility of a similar material exhibits strong anisotropic behavior. Pressing has also led to anisotropy in the basal plane, i.e. between αX and αY which have opposite signs. [Pressing results in a significant decrease in α(T) along the Y axis, which is considerably lower than that reported in the literature. αZ is clearly higher that of non-pressed graphite. The wide divergence among the three coefficients is believed to be attributed to the intensification of the membrane effect.
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Li, Kaigang, Denise L. Haynie, Xiang Gao, Leah M. Lipsky, Tonja Nansel, Ronald J. Iannotti, Federico E. Vaca, and Bruce G. Simons-Morton. "Validation of a continuous measure of cardiometabolic risk among adolescents." Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 34, no. 6 (April 7, 2021): 763–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2020-0600.
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Abstract Objectives We validated a continuous cardiometabolic risk (CMR) measure among adolescents. Methods Five metabolic syndrome (MetS) components including waist circumference, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, and mean arterial pressure were assessed in a national cohort of U.S. adolescents (n=560; 16.5 ± 0.5 y/o at baseline) in 10th grade (2010, Wave 1 (W1)), and follow-up assessments four (W4) and seven (W7) years later. Separately by wave, linear regressions were fitted to each MetS component controlling for age, sex, and race/ethnicity, and yielded standardized residuals (Z-scores). Wave-specific component Z-scores were summed to obtain composite CMR Z-scores. Four- and seven-year CMR change (CMR-diff W1–W4 and W1–W7). and average CMR risk (CMR-avg; (W1 + W4)/2 and (W1 + W7)/2) were calculated using the CMR Z-scores. W7 MetS was determined using adult criteria. Student’s t-test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were conducted. Results Participants meeting the adult criteria for MetS at W7 (74 of 416, 17.8%) had statistically significant (p<0.01) higher values for W1 CMR Z-scores (0.92 vs. −0.21), W4 CMR Z-scores (1.69 vs. −0.28), W7 CMR Z-scores (2.21 vs. −0.55), W1–W4 CMR-avg (1.53 vs. −0.27), W1–W7 CMR-diff (1.29 vs. −0.21), and W1–W7 CMR-avg (1.46 vs. −0.48) than those not meeting MetS criteria. Most results were similar for males and females in the sex-stratified analyses. The areas under the ROC curve were 0.61, 0.71, and 0.75 for W1, W4 and W7 Z-scores. Conclusions Findings support the validity of the continuous CMR Z-scores calculated using linear regression in evaluating and monitoring CMR profiles from adolescence to early adulthood.
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Xiao, Qiang, Jun Hong Li, Xu Luo, and Xu Jiang Liu. "Critical Condition of Dynamic Recrystallization of Mid-Ti Contained in Q345B." Advanced Materials Research 1030-1032 (September 2014): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1030-1032.39.
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the one pass compression test of Mid-Ti Contained in Q345B was achieved by using the Gleeble-1500 thermal simulation experiment machine. The true stress-strain curve was studied under the deformation temperature was between 1000 to 1150°C and the strain rate was from 0.01 to 0.3 s-1. And then, based on Sellars model, the function relationships between critical strain (εc), strain rate (ε) and deformation temperature (T) of dynamic recrystallization of the Mid-Ti Contained in Q345B were reached:εc=2.588×10-3Z0.12,Z=εexp (439583/8.314T).
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Liu, Xian Song, Ji Liang Yang, and Hui Yang. "Structural and Magnetic Properties of New Type CaxSr1-x-yLayO•nFe(2n-z)/nCoz/nO3 Magnets." Advanced Materials Research 1058 (November 2014): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1058.107.
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Considering that Ca2+ has the similar ion radius and the substituted ability as Sr2+ and Ba2+ but the same family, CaxSr1-x-yLayO•nFe(2n-z)/nCoz/nO3 ferrites have been synthesized by the conventional ceramic process. Structure and magnetic properties of CaxSr1-x-yLayO•nFe(2n-z)/nCoz/nO3 compounds have systematically been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and B-H hysteresis curve measurements. Several compositions are selected to investigate the formation of M phase with the joint replacement of Ca-La-Co. It is found that the formation mechanism is based on the replacement of Sr2+ by La3+ plus Ca2+ and the charge compensation by Co2+. In futher results, the unexpectedly intrinsic coercivity of 436 kA/m and residual flux density of 0.445 T were obtained. In terms of material preparation, we believe that CaxSr1-x-yLayO•nFe(2n-z)/nCoz/nO3 is effective in the production of future high energy permanent magnets.
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Ansah, J., R. S. Knowles, and T. A. Blasingame. "A Semi-Analytic (p/z) Rate-Time Relation for the Analysis and Prediction of Gas Well Performance." SPE Reservoir Evaluation & Engineering 3, no. 06 (December 1, 2000): 525–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/66280-pa.
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Summary In this paper we present a rigorous theoretical development of solutions for boundary-dominated gas flow during reservoir depletion. These solutions were derived by directly coupling the stabilized flow equation with the gas material balance equation. Due to the highly nonlinear nature of the gas flow equation, pseudo pressure and pseudotime functions have been used over the years for the analysis of production rate and cumulative production data. While the pseudo pressure and pseudotime functions do provide a rigorous linearization of the gas flow equation, these transformations do not provide direct solutions. In addition, the pseudotime function requires the average reservoir pressure history, which in most cases is simply not available. Our approach uses functional models to represent the viscosity-compressibility product as a function of the reservoir pressure/z-factor (p/z) profile. These models provide approximate, but direct, solutions for modeling gas flow during the boundary-dominated flow period. For convenience, the solutions are presented in terms of dimensionless variables and expressed as type curve plots. Other products of this work are explicit relations for p/z and Gp(t). These solutions can be easily adapted for field applications such as the prediction of rate or cumulative production. We also provide verification of our new flow rate and pressure solutions using the results of numerical simulation and we demonstrate the application of these solutions using a field example. Introduction We focus here on the development and application of semi-analytic solutions for modeling gas well performance¾with particular emphasis on production rate analysis using decline type curves. Our emphasis on decline curve analysis arises both from its usefulness in viewing the entire well history, as well as its familiarity in the industry as a straightforward and consistent analysis approach. More importantly, the approach does not specifically require reservoir pressure data (although pressure data are certainly useful). Decline curve analysis typically involves a plot of production rate, qg and/or other rate functions (e.g., cumulative production, rate integral, rate integral derivative, etc.) vs. time (or a time-like function) on a log-log scale. This plot is matched against a theoretical model, either analytically as a functional form or graphically in the form of type curves. From this analysis formation properties are estimated. Production forecasts can then be made by extrapolation of the matched data trends. The specific formation parameters that can be obtained from decline curve analysis are original gas in place (OGIP), permeability or flow capacity, and the type and strength of the reservoir drive mechanism. In addition, we can establish the future performance of individual wells, and the estimated ultimate recovery (EUR). Attempts to theoretically model the production rate performance of gas and oil wells date as far back as the early part of this century. In 1921, a detailed summary of the most important developments in this area was documented in the Manual for the Oil and Gas Industry.1 Several efforts2,3 were made over the years immediately thereafter, and probably the most significant contribution towards the development of the modern decline curve analysis concept is the classic paper by Arps,2 written in 1944. In this work Arps presented a set of exponential and hyperbolic equations for production rate analysis. Although the basis of Arps' development was statistical (and therefore empirical), these historic results have found widespread appeal in the oil and gas industry. The continuous use of the so-called "Arps equations" is primarily due to the explicit form of the relations, which makes these equations quite useful for practical applications. The next major development in production decline analysis technology occurred in 1980, when Fetkovich4 presented a unified type curve which combined the Arps empirical equations with the analytical rate solutions for bounded reservoir systems.
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Lotfi, BENSAHLA TALET, and Ahmed BENSAHLA TALET. "Age, Growth and Mortality of the Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Population in Merdja Sidi Abed Dam, Algeria." Omni-Akuatika 15, no. 1 (May 14, 2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.oa.2019.15.1.619.
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We tried to estimate age, growth parameters, condition factor, length-weight relationship and mortality rates (Z, M, and F) of the common carp in Merdja Sidi Abed dam. Cyprinus carpio specimens were captured by long line between April and June 2013 in Merdjea Sidi abed. 220 individuals were collected and weights ranged between 265.5 and 620.3 g while the total length ranged between 26.3 and 35.6 cm. Length-converted catch curve was used to estimate total annual instantaneous mortality rates (Z), natural mortality was calculated using Pauly formula [ln(M) = -0.0152 - 0.279 ln(L∞) + 0.6543 ln(K) + 0.463 ln(T)]. Recruitment patterns were determined from the routine implemented in FISAT II. For all individuals (n = 220) of the common carp, the relationship between total length and body weight was: W = 0.0384 L2.70 (r2 = 0.906) for females and W = 0.0467 L2.653(r2 = 0.976) for males a minor allometry was found for this species, mean condition factor K was estimated at 1.41. The maximum value of recruitment was recorded in March-April period with 19.56 and 15.20 % respectively. The Battacharya method was used to estimate age of individuals that was comprised between 1 and years 3. The equation of Von Bertalanffy growth was: L = 36.75 [1-e-0.46 (t + 0.33)] for all the population. Total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M) and fishing mortality (F) were as follows: Z = 1.08, M = 0.82, F = 0.26 yr-1while exploitation ratio (E) was evaluated at 0.24 indicating an under exploitation of this local resource.
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Islam, Md Khairul, Md Humayun, Manmatha Nath Sarker, Md Sharifuddin, and M. Niamul Naser. "Population dynamics and stock assessment of Hilsa shad, Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) along the coast of Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Zoology 48, no. 2 (April 11, 2021): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v48i2.52365.
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Stock Assessment of Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) were estimated using FiSAT-II software with length-frequency data collected from different landing centers. The Southeast Coast of Bay Of Bengal, Cox's Bazar. The Von Bertalanffy growth parameters Land K for the species were asymptotic length (L∞) was 51.41 cm, growth rate (K) was 0.75 year-1 and t0 = -0.2 year respectively. The estimated value of total mortality (Z) based on length converted catch curve using these growth parameters was 2.35 year-1.Natural mortality (M) based on growth parameters and mean environmental temperature (T = 27° C) was 1.00 year-1 and fishing mortality (F) was 1.35 year-1. Optimum length of hilsa at first capture (Lc=L50) was 28.36 cm TL. Growth performance indices (ϕ') was 3.30. The estimated value of the exploitation rate (E) using the length-converted catch curve was 0.57. The recruitment pattern of this species was continuous and two peaks per year. The present investigation clearly showed the over fishing (E > 0.50) condition for T. ilisha in Bangladesh. The estimated length-weight relationship for the combined sex was found to be W = 0.0109 L3. Virtual population analysis (VPA) showed that the maximum fishing mortality occurring in the length between 30 to 35 cm with a maximum value in the length of 32 cm that repeatedly indicate high fishing mortality in the T. ilisha. The generalized length-weight relationship was fitted with the pooled data of all monthly samples were BW = 0.029 TL2.718 (R2= 0.833) respectively. The results revealed that all length-weight relationships were highly correlated (r > 0.993). Maximum sustainable yield (MSY) was estimated as 435,554 t.
Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 231-241, 2020
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Zhai, De De, Shi Xun Fan, and Da Peng Fan. "Analysis of a 3-DOF Micro-Positioning Stage." Key Engineering Materials 620 (August 2014): 234–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.620.234.
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Firstly a three degrees of freedom micro-positioning stage constructed by flexure hinges is designed, and the simplified model of the stage is established. Secondly, the stiffness of the stage along X, Y direction or around Z direction is deduced by structural mechanics. The difference between finite element method and theory value is less than 7%, so it shows the theory analysis is feasible, further more, stress of the moving stage is analyzed, and the effect curve of the key parameters to the stiffness and stress is obtained. It can be concluded that the stiffness and stress mainly related with the flexure hinge length L and width t, thus it provide a theoretical basis for three-dimensional micro-positioning stage design.
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Gomez, Sebastian, Matt Nicholl, Philip Short, Raffaella Margutti, Kate D. Alexander, Peter K. Blanchard, Edo Berger, et al. "The Tidal Disruption Event AT 2018hyz II: Light-curve modelling of a partially disrupted star." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 497, no. 2 (July 20, 2020): 1925–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2099.
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ABSTRACT AT 2018hyz (= ASASSN-18zj) is a tidal disruption event (TDE) located in the nucleus of a quiescent E+A galaxy at a redshift of z = 0.04573, first detected by the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN). We present optical+UV photometry of the transient, as well as an X-ray spectrum and radio upper limits. The bolometric light curve of AT 2018hyz is comparable to other known TDEs and declines at a rate consistent with a t−5/3 at early times, emitting a total radiated energy of E = 9 × 1050 erg. An excess bump appears in the UV light curve about 50 d after bolometric peak, followed by a flattening beyond 250 d. We detect a constant X-ray source present for at least 86 d. The X-ray spectrum shows a total unabsorbed flux of ∼4 × 10−14 erg cm−2 s−1 and is best fit by a blackbody plus power-law model with a photon index of Γ = 0.8. A thermal X-ray model is unable to account for photons >1 keV, while a radio non-detection favours inverse-Compton scattering rather than a jet for the non-thermal component. We model the optical and UV light curves using the Modular Open-Source Fitter for Transients (MOSFiT) and find a best fit for a black hole of 5.2 × 106 M⊙ disrupting a 0.1 M⊙ star; the model suggests the star was likely only partially disrupted, based on the derived impact parameter of β = 0.6. The low optical depth implied by the small debris mass may explain how we are able to see hydrogen emission with disc-like line profiles in the spectra of AT 2018hyz (see our companion paper).
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Pac, Lincoln J., Gregory Cheeney, Maria Westerhoff, Eric Q. Konnick, Dina N. Greene, and Christina M. Lockwood. "Real-Time PCR to Detect α-1 Antitrypsin S and Z Alleles in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissue." Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine 3, no. 1 (July 1, 2018): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/jalm.2017.025858.
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Abstract Background α-1 Antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency is an autosomal recessive genetic disease with incomplete penetrance that can cause pulmonary and liver disease. Multiple methods are available to determine A1AT genotype using peripheral blood specimens, but none are validated to detect A1AT alleles in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue. Methods A real-time PCR assay was validated to detect the SERPINA1 S and Z alleles (NM_000295.4: c.863A>T, p.E288V and c.1096G>A, p.E366K, respectively) in FFPE liver tissue using allele-specific dual hybridization probes and melting curve analysis. Validation experiments were performed on genomic DNA samples (n = 11) with A1AT genotypes previously determined by orthogonal methods. Results The S and Z allele assays accurately genotyped all FFPE validation specimens that had a threshold cycle <32. Validation samples produced mean melting temperatures of 55.4 °C (SD = 0.30) for mutant S alleles, 48.6 °C (SD = 0.28) for non-S alleles, 61.2 °C (SD = 0.34) for mutant Z alleles, and 54.7 °C (SD = 0.19) for non-Z alleles. Samples failing to meet quality control parameters were infrequent. Conclusions Poor PCR amplification because of low nucleic acid concentration in small biopsy specimens and time-dependent degradation in specimens stored for extended periods were the most common reasons for assay failure. The ability to determine A1AT genotype from archived surgical pathology specimens can facilitate research on the role of A1AT globules in liver disease.
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Menon, Sasikumar, Mandar Mhatre, Manjusha Rajarshi, and Jatin Thakkar. "Bioavailability of curcumin from a novel mouth dissolving lozenge." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 7, no. 3 (February 22, 2018): 561. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20180674.
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Background: Cucurmin is the main component of curcuminoids in turmeric (Curcuma longa). Turmeric, popularly used as food colourant, is traditionally used as a medicinal herb owing to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anticancer properties. The gastric absorption of curcumin is poor and therefore various forms like encapsulation in liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, cyclodextrin encapsulation, lipid complexes, polymer-curcumin complex etc. have been evaluated.Methods: In the current study, a novel lozenge of 100mg turmeric extract in mouth dissolving formulation is evaluated for bioavailability of curcumin as compared with the conventional hard gelatin capsule containing 475mg curcumin. Fourteen healthy male subjects of Indian origin are dosed in a two way, two treatments, two sequence cross-over balanced, randomized design. Blood samples are collected sequentially to cover the plasma concentration-time curve to obtain a reliable estimate of the extent of absorption. Blood plasma is processed and analyzed using a validated isocratic HPLC-MS/MS method to estimate the concentration of curcumin.Results: Curcumin is detected at m/z 369à177, while the internal standard diazepam is detected as m/z 285à193 to quantify curcumin. Results indicate a significant increase in bioavailability of curcumin from the lozenge (Cmax188.863±22.9620ng/ml; AUC0-t 897.026±65.4844ng/mL*hr) as compared to the hard gelatin capsule (Cmax 96.458±15.8272ng/ml; AUC0-t 440.744±77.3470ng/ml*hr).Conclusions: Mouth dissolving lozenge could be a pragmatic approach to circumvent the low bioavailability of curcumin from therapeutic formulations.
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Jiang, Jianqin, Yigang Fu, Xiaoyun Hu, Lei Cui, Qin Hong, Xiaowen Gu, Jianbing Yin, Rongfang Cai, and Gaofeng Xu. "The value of diffusion-weighted imaging based on monoexponential and biexponential models for the diagnosis of benign and malignant lung nodules and masses." British Journal of Radiology 93, no. 1110 (June 2020): 20190400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20190400.
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Objectives: The objective is to compare the efficacy of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) parameters of mean and minimum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCmean and ADCmin) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) in the differentiation of benign and malignant lung nodules and masses. Methods: Lung lesions measured larger than 1.5 cm on CT were included between August 2015 and September 2018. DWI (10 b-values, 0–1000 s/mm2) scans were performed, and the data were post-processed to derive the ADCmean, ADCmin and IVIM parameters of true diffusion coefficient (D), pseudodiffusion coefficient (D*) and perfusion fraction (f). An independent sample t-test or Mann–Whitney U test was used to compare benign and malignant parameters. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated and a Z test was used. Results: 121 patients were finally enrolled, each with one lesion. Examined 121 lesions were malignant in 88 (72.7%) and benign in 33 (27.3%). The ADCmean of malignant pulmonary nodules was significantly lower than that of benign pulmonary nodules (t = 3.156, p = 0.006), whereas the other parameters revealed no significant differences (p = 0.162–0.690). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that an ADCmean threshold value of 1.43 × 10−3 mm2/s yielded 88.57% sensitivity and 64.29% specificity. While for lung masses, the ADCmean, ADCmin, D and D* values in malignant pulmonary masses were significantly lower (P﹤0.001–0.011). Among them, the D value exhibited the best diagnostic performance when the threshold of D was 1.23 × 10−3mm2/s, which yielded a sensitivity of 90.57% and a specificity of 89.47% (Z = 2.230, 3.958, 2.877 and p = 0.026, ﹤0.001 and 0.004, respectively). Conclusion: ADC is the most robust parameter to differentiate benign and malignant lung nodules, whereas D is the most robust parameter to differentiate benign and malignant lung masses. Advances in knowledge: This is the first study to compare all the quantitative parameters of DWI and IVIM mentioned in the literatures for assessing lung lesions; Second, we divided the lesions into lung nodules and lung masses with the size of 3 cm as the boundary.
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Anoop, Shajith, Jesse Krakauer, Nir Krakauer, and Anoop Misra. "A Body shape index significantly predicts MRI-defined abdominal adipose tissue depots in non-obese Asian Indians with type 2 diabetes mellitus." BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 8, no. 1 (October 2020): e001324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001324.
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IntroductionWe aimed to determine the correlations of volumes of subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (SCAT) (anterior, posterior, superficial and deep), total SCAT, intraperitoneal adipose tissue, retroperitoneal abdominal adipose tissue (RPAT), total intra-abdominal adipose tissue (IAAT), pancreatic volume, liver span, total body fat (TBF) and truncal fat mass (TFM) with anthropometric indices, viz., A Body Shape Index (ABSI), Hip Index, their Z scores and Anthropometric Risk Index in non-obese (body mass index (BMI) <25 kg/m2) Asian Indians with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Research design and methodsNon-obese patients with T2DM (cases; n, 85) and BMI-matched, healthy subjects (controls; n, 38) underwent anthropometry, dual energy X ray absorptiometry (DXA) for estimation of TBF, TFM and 1.5 T MRI for estimation of volumes of abdominal adipose tissue depots, pancreas and liver span. Spearman’s correlation analysis and Receiver Operator Characteristic curve analysis were applied.ResultsThe Z score of ABSI (Z_ABSI) showed significantly positive correlation with volumes of all depots of abdominal SCAT, total IAAT and RPAT in cases. Area under the curve for Z_ABSI (0.87) showed higher sensitivity: 82.0 %, specificity: 81.5 %, at a predictive cut-off value of 0.49 for abdominal adiposity.ConclusionIn non-obese Asian Indians with T2DM, the Z_ABSI showed significant correlation with IAAT and SCAT and higher predictive accuracy for abdominal adiposity.Highlights of the studyThis is the first MRI-based study in the context of ABSI in non-obese (BMI <25 kg/m2) Asian Indians with T2DM. Findings indicate that Z_ABSI has high predictive accuracy for abdominal adiposity in non-obese Asian Indians. The Z_ABSI index showed significantly positive correlation with volumes of adipose tissue depots, viz., abdominal SCAT, total IAAT and RPAT in cases.
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Hopper, Robert W. "Plane Stokes flow driven by capillarity on a free surface. Part 2. Further developments." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 230 (September 1991): 355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112091000824.
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For the free creeping viscous incompressible plane flow of a finite region, bounded by a simple smooth closed curve and driven solely by surface tension, analyzed previously, the shape evolution was described in terms of a time-dependent mapping function z = Ω(ζ,t) of the unit circle, conformal on |ζ| [les ] 1. An equation giving the time evolution of the map, typically in parametric form, was derived. In this article, the flow of the infinite region exterior to a hypotrochoid is given. This includes the elliptic hole, which shrinks at a constant rate with a constant aspect ratio. The theory is extended to a class of semi-infinite regions, mapped from Im ζ [les ] 0, and used to solve the flow in a half-space bounded by a certain groove. The depth of the groove ultimately decays inversely with time.
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Hashimoto, Masao, Shuji Matsumoto, Masakazu Kunitomo, Haruo Niki, Hirotaka Odahara, and Katsuji Tamaki. "35Cl NQR Relaxation and Hydrogen Bond in Some Chloral Hemiacetals." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 49, no. 1-2 (February 1, 1994): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1994-1-241.
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Abstract The crystal structure of chloral ethylhemiacetal has been determined at 291 K: monoclinic, space group C22 - P21, Z = 2, a = 854.5(1), b = 594.0(3), c = 853.3(1) pm, β = 108.30(2)°, R = 0.0962. A sharp decrease of the spin lattice relaxation time T1 found for the 35Cl NQR of the CCl3 groups in chloral methyl-, ethyl-and n-heptylhemiacetals is attributed to the onset of reorientation of the group over a potential barrier o f ca. 39, 37, and 32 kJ/mol, respectively. An unusual T1 vs. 1/T curve with a T1 minimum superimposed on the sharp decrease of T1 due to the reorientation was observed for each of the three 35Cl NQR lines of nHp-CH . This phenomenon is tentatively ascribed to a fluctuation of EFG caused by jumping motion of the hydrogen atom s in the OH groups.
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Feldhoff, Armin. "Power Conversion and Its Efficiency in Thermoelectric Materials." Entropy 22, no. 8 (July 22, 2020): 803. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22080803.
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The basic principles of thermoelectrics rely on the coupling of entropy and electric charge. However, the long-standing dispute of energetics versus entropy has long paralysed the field. Herein, it is shown that treating entropy and electric charge in a symmetric manner enables a simple transport equation to be obtained and the power conversion and its efficiency to be deduced for a single thermoelectric material apart from a device. The material’s performance in both generator mode (thermo-electric) and entropy pump mode (electro-thermal) are discussed on a single voltage-electrical current curve, which is presented in a generalized manner by relating it to the electrically open-circuit voltage and the electrically closed-circuited electrical current. The electrical and thermal power in entropy pump mode are related to the maximum electrical power in generator mode, which depends on the material’s power factor. Particular working points on the material’s voltage-electrical current curve are deduced, namely, the electrical open circuit, electrical short circuit, maximum electrical power, maximum power conversion efficiency, and entropy conductivity inversion. Optimizing a thermoelectric material for different working points is discussed with respect to its figure-of-merit z T and power factor. The importance of the results to state-of-the-art and emerging materials is emphasized.
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Mikoliūnas, Audrius, and Rimantas Kačianauskas. "STIFFNESS CHARACTERISTICS OF GEOMETRICALLY NON-LINEAR BEAM FINITE ELEMENT/GEOMETRIŠKAI NETIESINIO LENKIAMO STRYPO BAIGTINIO ELEMENTO STANDUMO RODIKLIŲ NUSTATYMAS." JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 3, no. 10 (June 30, 1997): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/13921525.1997.10531684.
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Two-dimensional geometrically non-linear beam element is considered in this paper. The explicit expressions of stiffness characteristics of element with three nodes are derived and tested. Among models of the geometrically non-linear beams, the elements with 2 nodes dominate [1–8]. Such elements produce constant axial force. The idea of more complex elements with tree nodes was suggested in [3]. In this paper geometrically non-linear flat bending beam element with 3 nodes for evaluating of axial force is investigated and nonlinear stiffness characteristics are derived. Basic relations of element e are derived using virtual displacement method. On the level of element e, the principle of virtual displacements is expressed by equalities (1–3). Using displacement approach, displacement functions are prescribed in the bounds of one finite element. Generalised deformations are obtained by introducing displacements approximation (4) and inserting them into non-linear geometric equations (5–6). Variation of deformation energy (3) is expressed in (7). Putting equality (7) into (1), it is possible to write equality of virtual works in terms of non-linear algebraic equations (8). Non-linear stiffness matrix is presented as the sum of 3 matrices (9). The first matrix [K 0e ] (linear matrix) is the matrix of small deflections, which is independent on deformed shape. The second matrix [K Ne ] is the matrix of large deflections. The third matrix [K Ge ] is a geometrical stiffness matrix. It reflects the second member of equality (7). Expressions of geometrically non-linear stiffness matrices are greatly dependent on the introduced assumptions and appropriate elements. Shallow beam finite element is shown in Fig 1. This finite element has 3 nodes. In the initial configuration a beam can be straight (Fig 1a), or curved (Fig 1b). The initial configuration of a beam is described by a vector z = {z1 αx1, Z2, αx2}T of a beam final nodal co-ordinates, where z i means nodes co-ordinates, αxi—initial rotations (Fig lb). However, the initial configuration is a relative statement, and is generally described by vector z. If in initial configuration the element is straight, vector z=0. Physical properties of the element are denoted with capital EA (tensional rigidity) and EI (flexural rigidity). The finite element has 7 degrees of freedom: 3 of them are defined at each end of the element (2 linear and 1 rotation) and 1 in the middle of the element Vector Ue of nodal deflections for this element is split into two parts: Ue= {u, w}T , u = {u1, u2,u3}T, w'=z+w, w={w1,Θx1, w2, Θx2}T. Deflection u3 shows the deflection of the middle beam node, which is not proportional to the final nodal deflections. To be more strict, u3 is straightened by linear law. So the linear element in the direction of longitudinal deformation expression is (11). The deflection of a point which is moved from the centre of plane surface in distance z1, deflection u (in direction x) is expressed in (12). Deformation is expressed by summarised deformations (13). So the deformed element only longitudinal deformation Δ is assigned, which is shown in (16). Evaluating earlier received expressions, it is possible to make equality of virtual work (1), where generalised vectors Θ e (x)={Δx, κ}T and Q e (x)={N, M}T. Generalised deformations Δ and κ expressed by deflections approximating expressions (4). For convenience, vertical and horizontal deflections are separated (17). By analogy with deflections, vector z and its derivatives are approximated by (24–25). Beam's curvature (15) is also expressed by nodal deflections: (26–27). Putting (20, 21, 26) into (16) and (15, 16) into (13) and expression (28) is got. Evaluating that the element work in elastic stage, expression (10) can be rewritten (29). The final stiffness matrix expression (9) is given in the form of block matrices (30). Expressions of block matrices are presented by (31–33). Having completed operations in expressions (31–33), final stiffness matrix is (34–36). After integrating, linear matrix is (37). Analogous operations are performed with matrices (35)–(38). Elements of this matrix are calculated using computer algebra. Matrix (36) consists of three parts. The first integral (39) is stiffness matrix of bending beam. If we assume that axial force in beam's length is invariable, the third integral is equal to (41). Assuming that axial force in the length of element is not constant (the axial force is calculated according to forms (28,29)), the expressions of geometrical stiffness matrix become very complicated. Analysis of geometrically non-linear system of finite elements is described by algebraic equation (42). Usually expression of non-linear deformation is investigated as a process varying in time t, where outer load F and deflections U are functions of time: F≡6F(t) and U≡6U(t). Load in the moment of time t i+1 = t i + Δt is added in portions (43). Deflections are expressed by analogy with (44). Non-linear model (42) is expressed by increments (45). Vector of residuals γ reflects solution of equation (42) inadequacy of state variables. Nowadays there exists many algorithms of different complexity for solution of non-linear problems [2–4,9,10]. The majority of methods that have already become standard uses different Newton-type variety of algorithms. Classical Newton-type algorithms are adapted to non-linear process with so called “softening” curve to model (Fig 2a). In the work there was done and realised a combined algorithm for non-linear process with “hardening” or “softening” curve to model. The illustration of algorithm is given in Fig 3. Using the algorithm in every load step, tangent stiffness matrix is counted twice. The first matrix corresponds to tangent of load step at the beginning (tangent 1), and the second one to the step at the end (tangent 2). Algorithm is implemented in the program created by the authors. A simple cantilever beam (Fig 4) is taken for the test. History of deformation was investigated. The results are given in non-dimensional quantities (Fig 5). Euler's method is realised as a particular case of implemented algorithm. The same example was also solved using program ANSYS, where beam elements are used and described only by two nodes. The results presented show obviously the advantages of three-node element and validity of proposed assumptions.
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Song, Yang, Yu Zhou, Xiao-Ting Yan, Jing-Bo Bi, Xin Qiu, Yu Bian, Ke-Fei Wang, Yuan Zhang, and Xue-Song Feng. "Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of Alnustone in Rats after Intravenous Administration by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry." Molecules 24, no. 17 (September 2, 2019): 3183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24173183.
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Alnustone, a nonphenolic diarylheptanoid, first isolated from Alnus pendula (Betulaceae), has recently received a great deal of attention due to its various beneficial pharmacological effects. However, its pharmacokinetic profile in vivo remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to establish a fast and sensitive quantification method of alnustone using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and evaluate the pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution profiles of alnustone in rats. The sample was precipitated with acetonitrile with 0.5% formic acid and separated on BEH C18 Column. The mobile phase was composed of 0.1% formic acid in water and methanol at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Alnustone and the internal standard (caffeine) were quantitatively monitored with precursor-to-product ion transitions of m/z 262.9→105.2 and m/z 195.2→138.0, respectively. The calibration curve for alnustone was linear from 1 to 2000 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day assay precision (RSD) ranged from 1.1–9.0 % to 3.3–8.6%, respectively and the intra- and inter-day assay accuracy (RE) was between −8.2–9.7% and −10.3–9.9%, respectively. The validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic studies of alnustone in rats. After single-dose intravenous administration of alnustone (5 mg/kg), the mean peak plasma concentration (Cmax) value was 7066.36 ± 820.62 ng/mL, and the mean area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0–t) value was 6009.79 ± 567.30 ng/mL∙h. Our results demonstrated that the residence time of alnustone in vivo was not long and it eliminated quickly from the rat plasma. Meanwhile, the drug is mainly distributed in tissues with large blood flow, and the lung and liver might be the target organs for alnustone efficacy. The study will provide information for further application of alnustone.
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Ye, Shan, Pingping Jin, Lu Chen, Nan Zhang, and Dongsheng Fan. "Prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with cognitive and behavioural changes based on a sixty-month longitudinal follow-up." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 11, 2021): e0253279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253279.
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Objective Approximately 50% of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients have cognitive and behavioural dysfunction in varying degrees and forms. Previous studies have shown that cognitive and behavioural changes may indicate a poor prognosis, and cognitive function gradually deteriorates over the course of disease, but the results of different studies have been inconsistent. In addition, there are relatively limited long-term follow-up studies tracking death as an endpoint. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical prognostic characteristics of ALS patients with cognitive behavioural changes through long-term follow-up in a cohort. Methods A total of 87 ALS patients from 2014 to 2015 in the Third Hospital of Peking University were selected and divided into a pure ALS group, an ALS with behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia (ALS-bvFTD) group, and an ALS with cognitive and behaviour changes group. All patients were followed up for 60 months. The main end point was death and tracheotomy. Results There was no significant difference in survival curve between pure ALS and ALS with cognitive and behavioural change group, but the survival time of ALS-bvFTD group was significantly lower than the other two groups (P < 0.001). For those who was followed up to the endpoint, the survival time of the ALS-bvFTD group was significantly shorter than that of the pure ALS group (t = 5.33, p < 0.001) or the ALS with cognitive and behaviour changes group (t = 4.25, p < 0.001). The progression rate of ALS Functional Rating Scale–Revised (FRS-R) scores from recruitment to endpoint was significantly faster in the ALS-bvFTD group than in the pure ALS group (z = 2.68, p = 0.01) or the ALS with cognitive and behavioural changes group (z = 2.75, p = 0.01). There was no significant difference in survival time (t = 0.52, P = 0.60) or FRS-R score progression rate (z = 0.31, p = 0.76) between the pure ALS group and the ALS with cognitive and behavioural changes group. The total Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioural Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Screen (ECAS) score was positively correlated with survival time (r = 0.38, p = 0.01). Conclusion ALS-bvFTD patients have shorter survival time. The total ECAS score may be correlated with survival time.
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NA, Priyadharshini, Parkash Chand, and Vishnu Bhatt S. "Can single cell gel electrophoresis [comet assay] predict the outcome in neonatal sepsis?" National Journal of Clinical Anatomy 7, no. 03 (July 2018): 153–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1701730.
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Abstract Background & aim : Early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis is important for effective management and recovery. The available methods for diagnosis were not useful in predicting outcome. In the present study the technique of single cell gel electrophoresis [comet assay] which measures DNA damage was used to predict the outcome of neonatal sepsis. Material & methods : Comet Assay [single cell gel electrophoresis, SCGE] was used as a tool to assess the DNA damage in 3 5 term neonates with sepsis .The comet parameters were compared between those who recovered and expired due to sepsis neonatorum. Results were analysed using independent student t test with SPSS software version 19. p values <0.05 was taken as significant. Results : Comet length [174.57 ± 46.66pm] and Tail length [ 114.63 ± 52.92pm] are the prime indicator of DNA damage and were significantly [p Z < .05 ] higher among the expired cases when compared to the recovered cases [113.70 ±32.72 and 46.40±37.57 respectively]. Receiver Operating Characteristic [ROC] curve for comet length and tail length showed comet length and tail length are high. Area under the curve [AUC] 0.867 with cut off value of 140.06pm [71.4% sensitivity, 85.7% specificity] and 0.862 with cut off value of 63.12pm [85% sensitivity, 71.4% specificity] respectively. Conclusion :Weconclude that SCGE can be used for predicting mortality in neonatal sepsis
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Bechibani, I., H. Litaiem, S. Garcia Granda, M. Dammak, and L. Ktari. "Thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, spectroscopy studies and magnetic properties of the new compound Tl2HAsO4.Te(OH)6." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY 7, no. 3 (December 17, 2011): 1399–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jac.v7i3.2384.
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The Tl2HAsO4.Te(OH)6 (TlAsTe) compound crystallizes in the triclinic system P1 with unit cell parameters: a= 7.100(10) Å, b= 7.281(13) Å, c= 8.383(11) Å, α= 76.91(1)°, β= 87.16(1)°, γ= 66.96(2)°, Z= 2 and V= 388.19(1) Å3. This new structure can be described as a lamellar one with the atomic arrangement being built by planes of Te(OH)6 octahedra alterning with planes of arsenate tetrahedra. Raman and infrared spectra recorded at room temperature confirm the presence of As and Te groups and characterize the hydrogen bonds present in the crystal lattice. Differential scanning calorimerty shows the presence of three-phase transitions at 396 K, 408 K and 430 K present in the title compound. Typical thermal analyses, such as differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetry show that the decomposition of this material starts at about T= 445 K. Magnetization curve of Tl2HAsO4·Te(OH)6 substance have revealed a diamagnetic response overall temperature range studied.
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Fatahi, Ali, Razieh Yousefian Molla, and Mitra Ameli. "Comparative Analysis of Jumping and Landing Velocity of the Young Elite Spikers of the Iranian National Volleyball Team While Performing Block Jump." Journal of Sport Biomechanics 6, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/biomechanics.6.3.1.
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Objective: Accurate velocity analysis is essential when performing the block jumping technique on the net by various spikers because it will improve this performance and prevent injury. This study aimed to compare the jump and landing velocity of the Iranian national team’s young elite spikers when performing block jump skills. Methods: A total of 21 young elite male volleyball players of the Islamic Republic of Iran (11 wing spikers and 10 middle spikers) participated in the present study. Subjects performed block jumping skills. Force data in the X, Y, and Z directions were obtained directly from the force plate’s output. Then, the area under the force-time curve was calculated as an impulse. The rate of changes in mean, maximum, and minimum velocities and the resultant in each direction (X, Y, and Z) were obtained by dividing every subjects’ impulse data in each direction to his mass. Descriptive statistics, the Shapiro-Wilk test (checking the normality of data distribution), and independent t-test were used to analyze and compare the two groups’ variables (P≤0.05). Results: The difference between the mean velocities on the X and Z planes and the mean rates between the two groups was significant. The other velocity variables in the two groups were not significant (P˂0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study can help coaches, players, and volleyball professionals to pay more attention to the velocity of execution during block jump technique, especially between middle and wing spikers in different directions during the match and design of the training program.
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Mohammadikia, Dariush, Ehsan Kamrani, Mohammad Reza Taherizadeh, Ayoub Soleymani, Ehsan Farokhi, and Mohammad Momeni. "Age and growth of flathead, Platycephalus indicus from the Persian Gulf (Bandar Abbas, Iran)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 94, no. 5 (April 24, 2014): 1063–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315413001550.
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In a study of the age and growth of Platycephalus indicus, a total of 1106 fish were collected from May 2011 to March 2012 in the coastal waters of Iran, Persian Gulf. The ages of 279 specimens were determined by sectioned otoliths. The ages of the females were estimated to be between 0+ to 7+ , while the ages of the males were from 0+ to 4+. The von Bertalanffy growth curve was well suited to the age/total length data of males and females as follows: Lt = 43.40{1–exp[−0.45(t + 0.328)]} for males, and Lt = 63 {1–exp[−0.50(t + 0.30)]} for females. linf = 43.40, k = 0.45, t0 = −0.328 for females and linf = 63, k = 0.50, t0 = −0.30 for males. The estimated values of natural mortality (M) were M = 0.886 yr−1 for females and 0.736 yr−1 for males, and the estimated Z values were 1.43 yr−1 for females and 1.62 yr−1 for males. The mean value of the gonadosomatic index for males and females was 0.82 ± 0.25 and 2.48 ± 0.59, respectively, in each year. The mean values of the hepatosomatic index (HSI) were 0.89 ± 0.20 for males and 1.28 ± 0.16 for females. The highest HSI values for this location were observed in January, and the lowest were in April.
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Lu, Baolan, Jinjiang Lin, Jinfang Du, Shaofu He, Qinghua Cao, Li Huang, Ren Mao, et al. "Native T1 Mapping and Magnetization Transfer Imaging in Grading Bowel Fibrosis in Crohn’s Disease: A Comparative Animal Study." Biosensors 11, no. 9 (August 28, 2021): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios11090302.
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In this study, we investigated the utility of native T1 mapping in differentiating between various grades of fibrosis and compared its diagnostic accuracy to magnetization transfer imaging (MTI) in a rat model of CD. Bowel specimens (64) from 46 CD model rats undergoing native T1 mapping and MTI were enrolled. The longitudinal relaxation time (T1 value) and normalized magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) were compared between none-to-mild and moderate-to-severe fibrotic bowel walls confirmed by pathological assessments. The results showed that the correlation between the T1 value and fibrosis (r = 0.438, p < 0.001) was lower than that between the normalized MTR and fibrosis (r = 0.623, p < 0.001). Overall, the T1 values (t = −3.066, p = 0.004) and normalized MTRs (z = 0.081, p < 0.001) in none-to-mild fibrotic bowel walls were lower than those in moderate-to-severe fibrotic bowel walls. The area under the curve (AUC) of the T1 value (AUC = 0.716, p = 0.004) was significantly lower than that of the normalized MTR (AUC = 0.881, p < 0.001) in differentiating moderate-to-severe fibrosis from none-to-mild fibrosis (z = −2.037, p = 0.042). Our results support the view that the T1 value could be a promising imaging biomarker in grading the fibrosis severity of CD. However, the diagnostic performance of native T1 mapping was not superior to MTI.
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RAMAKRISHNAN, T. V. "GINZBURG–LANDAU LIKE THEORY OF HIGH TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN THE CUPRATES: EMERGENT d-WAVE ORDER." International Journal of Modern Physics B 26, no. 10 (April 20, 2012): 1230005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979212300058.
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High temperature superconductivity in the cuprates remains one of the most widely investigated, constantly surprising and poorly understood phenomena in physics. Here, we describe briefly a new phenomenological theory inspired by the celebrated description of superconductivity due to Ginzburg and Landau and believed to describe its essence. This posits a free energy functional for the superconductor in terms of a complex order parameter characterizing it. We propose that there is, for superconducting cuprates, a similar functional of the complex, in plane, nearest neighbor spin singlet bond (or Cooper) pair amplitude ψij. Further, we suggest that a crucial part of it is a (short range) positive interaction between nearest neighbor bond pairs, of strength J′. Such an interaction leads to nonzero long wavelength phase stiffness or superconductive long range order, with the observed d-wave symmetry, below a temperature Tc~z J′ where z is the number of nearest neighbors; d-wave superconductivity is thus an emergent, collective consequence. Using the functional, we calculate a large range of properties, e.g., the pseudogap transition temperature T* as a function of hole doping x, the transition curve Tc(x), the superfluid stiffness ρs(x, T), the specific heat (without and with a magnetic field) due to the fluctuating pair degrees of freedom and the zero temperature vortex structure. We find remarkable agreement with experiment. We also calculate the self-energy of electrons hopping on the square cuprate lattice and coupled to electrons of nearly opposite momenta via inevitable long wavelength Cooper pair fluctuations formed of these electrons. The ensuing results for electron spectral density are successfully compared with recent experimental results for angle resolved photo emission spectroscopy (ARPES), and comprehensively explain strange features such as temperature dependent Fermi arcs above Tc and the "bending" of the superconducting gap below Tc.
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Cordo, Cristina, Rodrigo Altamirano, María Rosa Simón, Marina Stocco, Gladys Lampugnani, Cecilia Abramoff, Natalia Kripelz, and Cecilia Mónaco. "Biocontrol strategies to reduce the impact of Septoria tritici blotch in wheat." Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía 119, no. 2 (December 7, 2020): 060. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/16699513e060.
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Trichoderma strains are used as biofungicides for some plant diseases. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of Trichoderma harzianum isolates, applied alone and in combination with fungicides, to control Zymoseptoria tritici, the causal agent of Septoria tritici blotch of wheat, and their impact on wheat yield and its components. To this end, field experiments were performed in 2010 and 2011 and 10 different treatments were applied. The disease severity was assessed by visual estimation of the leaf area affected by Z. tritici at the first node, anthesis and early dough growth stages. The best results for reducing the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) were “coated seed only with T. harzianum” and “coated seed plus two foliar application of T. harzianum”. Regarding the increase in yield gain and the improvement of yield components, the fungicide treatment applied at seedling, and tillering in 2011 provided significant increase. Respect the treatments with the application of T. harzianum the best was only one application as coated seed of the biocontroler alone showing yield responses similar to the ones obtained with the fungicide treatments. We recommended the coated seed alone because the protective effect lasts until the early dough stage of ripening. This application produced a comparable yield to that obtained with three applications of T. harzianum at different phenological stages of wheat with as well as with more than one application of commercial fungicide. We found a strong relationship between the number of kernels per spike and the wheat yield in 2011 as a consequence of the best environmental conditions for the disease’s occurrence. Contrary, it was shown a non-significant association between thousand kernel weight (TKW) and the wheat yield.
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Zuschneid, Irina, Frank Schwab, Christine Geffers, Henning Rüden, and Petra Gastmeier. "Reducing Central Venous Catheter–Associated Primary Bloodstream Infections in Intensive Care Units Is Possible: Data From The German Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 24, no. 7 (July 2003): 501–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/502236.
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AbstractBackground And Objective:The German Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System (KISS) began in 1997 as a nationwide surveillance project for voluntary registration of nosocomial infections in intensive care units (ICUs). This study investigates trends in the rates of central venous catheter (CVC)–associated primary bloodstream infections (BSIs) in ICUs since participation in KISS.Methods:Eighty-four ICUs that had participated in KISS for at least 24 months were considered for more detailed analysis. Monthly rates of primary BSI for the 84 ICUs were pooled for the 24 months. The best model for describing the curve of reduction was sought. Additionally, incidence densities were compared using the z test.Results:For the 212 ICUs participating, a relative 25.7% decrease (from 2.1 to 1.6 primary BSIs per 1,000 CVC-days) was observed from January 1997 to June 2001. The 84 ICUs that participated in KISS for a minimum of 24 months accumulated 552,359 patient-days and 404,897 CVC-days during their 24 months. A linear regression model was selected to explain the curve of primary BSI reduction in the 84 ICUs. It showed a decrease from 2.1 to 1.5 primary BSIs per 1,000 CVC-days, meaning an overall relative reduction of 28.6% during the 2-year observation period. These results were significant (Student's t test for the monthly reduction coefficient; P = .04). The reduction of primary BSIs was shown for both clinical sepsis and laboratory-confirmed, CVC-associated primary BSIs.Conclusion:Performing surveillance with KISS was associated with a reduction of the rates of CVC-associated primary BSIs in ICU patients (Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2003;24:501-505).
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Kazimierczak, Arkadiusz, Paweł Szumiłowicz, Ireneusz Wiernicki, Piotr Gutowski, Rabih Samad, Halina Kupicz, Marcin Śledź, and Anita Rybicka. "LEUCOCYTOSIS AS A SPECIFIC RISK PREDICTOR AFTER ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSM OPEN REPAIR." Pomeranian Journal of Life Sciences 61, no. 1 (July 20, 2016): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.21164/pomjlifesci.46.
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Wstęp: Prognozowanie ryzyka zgonu w leczeniu tętniaka aorty brzusznej jest zagadnieniem szeroko opisanym. Żadna ze znanych skal nie ma istotnej przewagi nad pozostałymi, jednakże niektóre są dokładniejsze (jak skale P-POSSUM, V-POSSUM), choć są zarazem bardziej skomplikowane, a ich użycie jest czasochłonne. Istnieją proste skale (skala Eagle, Glasgow Aneurysm Score – GAS) oraz takie, których nie stosowano jeszcze w chirurgii naczyniowej (skala sprawności wg Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group – ECOG). Okazuje się też, że leukocytoza jest wysoce specyficznym czynnikiem ryzyka zgonu wczesnego niezależnie od innych parametrów, co można wykorzystać jako czynnik wczesnego ostrzegania w ośrodkach niestosujących standardowo kalkulacji ryzyka zgonu wczesnego. Celem pracy była analiza skuteczności powszechnie stosowanych skal ryzyka (GAS, V-POSSUM, skala Eagle, skala Amerykańskiego Towarzystwa Anestezjologicznego, ECOG, skala Goldmana) stosowanych przy leczeniu tętniaka aorty brzusznej na otwarto. Poszukiwano też niezależnych czynników rokowniczych.Materiał i metody: Retrospektywna analiza obejmowała 79 chorych operowanych metodą tradycyjną w ciągu 3 lat (2011–2013). Z analizy wykluczono chorych operowanych z powodu pękniętego tętniaka aorty brzusznej oraz leczonych endowaskularnie. W analizie statystycznej wykorzystano testy ROC (receiver operating curve) do oceny zdolności predykcyjnych badanych testów.Wyniki: W badanej grupie odnotowano 6 zgonów (7,59%). Stwierdzono dobre właściwości predykcyjne skal V-POSSUM (p = 0,0001, punkt odcięcia powyżej 1,9 pkt) i GAS (p = 0,0109,punkt odcięcia powyżej 73 pkt). Wartości pola po krzywą w analizie ROC wynoszą dla wyżej wymienionych skal odpowiednio 0,806 i 0,743. Leukocytoza przekraczająca 10 T/L stanowiłaniezależny czynnik związany z istotnie wyższym odsetkiem zgonów wczesnych (p = 0,0001) charakteryzujący się najwyższą specyficznością (powyżej 88%).Wniosek: Skale V-POSSUM i GAS są przydatne do przewidywania ryzyka zgonu po operacji tętniaka aorty brzusznej metodą na otwarto, ale leukocytoza wykryta przed operacją jest niezależnym i wysoce specyficznym czynnikiem ryzyka zgonu wczesnego.
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Pudumjee, Shehroo B., Emily S. Lundt, Sabrina M. Albertson, Mary M. Machulda, Walter K. Kremers, Clifford R. Jack, David S. Knopman, Ronald C. Petersen, Michelle M. Mielke, and Nikki H. Stricker. "A Comparison of Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Methods of Defining Objective Subtle Cognitive Decline in Preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease Based on Cogstate One Card Learning Accuracy Performance." Journal of Alzheimer's Disease 83, no. 2 (September 14, 2021): 861–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jad-210251.
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Background: Longitudinal, but not cross-sectional, cognitive testing is one option proposed to define transitional cognitive decline for individuals on the Alzheimer’s disease continuum. Objective: Compare diagnostic accuracy of cross-sectional subtle objective cognitive impairment (sOBJ) and longitudinal objective decline (ΔOBJ) over 30 months for identifying 1) cognitively unimpaired participants with preclinical Alzheimer’s disease defined by elevated brain amyloid and tau (A+T+) and 2) incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI) based on Cogstate One Card Learning (OCL) accuracy performance. Methods: Mayo Clinic Study of Aging cognitively unimpaired participants aged 50 + with amyloid and tau PET scans (n = 311) comprised the biomarker-defined sample. A case-control sample of participants aged 65 + remaining cognitively unimpaired for at least 30 months included 64 who subsequently developed MCI (incident MCI cases) and 184 controls, risk-set matched by age, sex, education, and visit number. sOBJ was assessed by OCL z-scores. ΔOBJ was assessed using within subjects’ standard deviation and annualized change from linear regression or linear mixed effects (LME) models. Concordance measures Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) or C-statistic and odds ratios (OR) from conditional logistic regression models were derived. sOBJ and ΔOBJ were modeled jointly to compare methods. Results: sOBJ and ΔOBJ-LME methods differentiated A+T+ from A-T- (AUC = 0.64, 0.69) and controls from incident MCI (C-statistic = 0.59, 0.69) better than chance; other ΔOBJ methods did not. ΔOBJ-LME improved prediction of future MCI over baseline sOBJ (p = 0.003) but not over 30-month sOBJ (p = 0.09). Conclusion: Longitudinal decline did not offer substantial benefit over cross-sectional assessment in detecting preclinical Alzheimer’s disease or incident MCI.
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Kaftan, Edward J., Barbara E. Ehrlich, and James Watras. "Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate (InsP3) and Calcium Interact to Increase the Dynamic Range of InsP3 Receptor-dependent Calcium Signaling." Journal of General Physiology 110, no. 5 (November 1, 1997): 529–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.110.5.529.
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The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3)-gated Ca channel in cerebellum is tightly regulated by Ca (Bezprozvanny, I., J. Watras, and B.E. Ehrlich. 1991. Nature (Lond.). 351:751–754; Finch, E.A., T.J. Turner, and S.M. Goldin. 1991. Science (Wash. DC). 252:443–446; Hannaert-Merah, Z., J.F. Coquil, L. Combettes, M. Claret, J.P. Mauger, and P. Champeil. 1994. J. Biol. Chem. 269:29642–29649; Iino, M. 1990. J. Gen. Physiol. 95:1103–1122; Marshall, I., and C. Taylor. 1994. Biochem. J. 301:591–598). In previous single channel studies, the Ca dependence of channel activity, monitored at 2 μM InsP3, was described by a bell-shaped curve (Bezprozvanny, I., J. Watras, and B.E. Ehrlich. 1991. Nature (Lond.). 351:751–754). We report here that, when we used lower InsP3 concentrations, the peak of the Ca-dependence curve shifted to lower Ca concentrations. Unexpectedly, when we used high InsP3 concentrations, channel activity persisted at Ca concentrations as high as 30 μM. To explore this unexpected response of the channel, we measured InsP3 binding over a broad range of InsP3 concentrations. We found the well-characterized high affinity InsP3 binding sites (with Kd < 1 and 50 nM) (Maeda, N., M. Niinobe, and K. Mikoshiba. 1990. EMBO (Eur. Mol. Biol. Organ.) J. 9:61–67; Mignery, G., T.C. Sudhof, K. Takei, and P. De Camilli. 1989. Nature (Lond.). 342:192–195; Ross, C.A., J. Meldolesi, T.A. Milner, T. Satoh, S. Supattapone, and S.H. Snyder. 1989. Nature (Lond.). 339:468–470) and a low affinity InsP3 binding site (Kd = 10 μM). Using these InsP3 binding sites, we developed a new model that accounts for the shift in the Ca-dependence curve at low InsP3 levels and the maintained channel activity at high Ca and InsP3 levels. The observed Ca dependence of the InsP3-gated Ca channel allows the cell to abbreviate the rise of intracellular Ca in the presence of low levels of InsP3, but also provides a means of maintaining high intracellular Ca during periods of prolonged stimulation.
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Prihatiningsih, Prihatiningsih, Isa Nagib Edrus, and Bambang Sumiono. "BIOLOGI REPRODUKSI, PERTUMBUHAN DAN MORTALITAS IKAN EKOR KUNING (Caesio cuning Bloch, 1791) DI PERAIRAN NATUNA." BAWAL Widya Riset Perikanan Tangkap 10, no. 1 (April 4, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/bawal.10.1.2018.1-15.
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Ikan ekor kuning (Caesio cuning) merupakan ikan ekonomis penting dan mendominasi hasil tangkapan bubu di perairan Natuna. Pada saat ini, produksinya merupakan dominan ke-2 setelah ikan bawal putih yaitu 2.891 ton/tahun (17,8% dari total produksi ikan). Populasi ikan ekor kuning sejak tahun 2008 menurun, diduga karena tingkat eksploitasi yang cenderung meningkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji aspek biologi, meliputi reproduksi, pertumbuhan dan mortalitas ikan ekor kuning. Contoh ikan sebanyak 2.627 ekor dikumpulkan melalui tempat pendaratan ikan utama di Kijang, Pulau Bintan (Kepulauan Riau) dan Tanjung Pandan (Kepulauan Bangka Belitung) pada bulan Januari - Nopember 2014. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebaran ukuran panjang ikan ekor kuning berkisar antara 9,3-43,3 cmTL. Ikan yang tertangkap didominasi oleh belum matang gonad (immature). Musim pemijahannya berlangsung pada bulan Juni-Juli dan September-Oktober. Fekunditas telur yang matang gonad berkisar antara 13.355-151.632 butir. Panjang pertama kali ikan ekor kuning tertangkap dengan bubu adalah lebih kecil dari panjang pertama kali matang gonad (Lc<Lm), sehingga akan mengancam kelestariannya. Analisis pertumbuhan dengan uji-t diperoleh pertambahan panjang secepat pertambahan beratnya (isometrik). Aplikasi model analitik menggunakan program Electronic LEngth Frequency ANalisys-I (ELEFAN-I) diperoleh parameter pertumbuhan (=K) sebesar 0,6/tahun, panjang asimtotis (=L∞) sebesar 43,21 cmFL dan umur hipotesis ikan pada saat panjang sama dengan nol (=to) sebesar -0,24 tahun, sehingga persamaan pertumbuhan Von Bertalanffy sebagai Lt = 43,21 (1–e-0,6(t-0,24)). Parameter mortalitas menunjukkan laju kematian alami (=M) sebesar 1,17/tahun, laju kematian karena penangkapan (=F) sebesar 1,21/tahun dan laju kematian total (=Z) sebesar 2,38/tahun. Berdasarkan nilai F dan Z tersebut maka diperoleh estimasi laju eksploitasi (exploitation rate) sebesar 0,58 atau dalam kondisi sudah melampaui nilai optimum (E=0,5), sehingga pengelolaannya perlu segera dilakukan agar potensi lestarinya terjaga. The yellowtail fusilier (Caesio cuning) is one of the economically important fish caught by trap nets in Natuna waters. At present, the production of the yellowtail fusilier in Bintan regency as a second dominant fish species after white pomfret of 2.891 tons/year (17.8% of total landed). Population of the yellowtail fusiliers is likely decreasing since 2008 due to the increasing exploitation of this species. This study aims to assess the biological aspects including reproduction, growth and mortality of the yellowtail fusiliers. Monthly length frequencies data of 2.627 fish samples were collected through main landing place in Kijang, Bintan Island (Riau islands) and Tanjung Pandan (Bangka Belitung Islands) during January until November 2014. The results showed that the length distribution of the yellowtail fusilier ranged between 9.3 - 43.3 cmTL. The fish caught was dominated by the immature stage. The spawning seasons occurred between June-July and September-October. Fecundity of mature fish ranged between 13.355-151.632 eggs. The length of first capture by trap nets was under the length of first mature (Lc<Lm), so that will threaten its sustainability. Based on t-test it is showed that the weight growth pattern as fast as length growth (isometric). By using the analytical model application with Electronic LEngth Frequency ANalisys-I (ELEFAN-I) program, showed that the growth parameter (=K) was 0.6/yr, asymtotic length (=L∞) was 43.21 cmFl, and age at zero length (=to) was -0.24 yr, so the Von Bertalanffy’s equation growth curve were Lt = 43.21 (1–e-0,6(t-0,24)). Mortality parameters showed the natural mortality rate (=M) was 1.17/yr, fishing mortality rate (=F) was 1.21/yr, and total mortality rate (=Z) was 2.38/yr. Based on the values of F and Z obtained exploitation rate of 0.58 was likely exceed the optimum level (E=0.50) so that, management measures to maintain its potential yield should be applied.
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Tunç, Y. "THU0403 THE EFFECT OF SPINAL STABILIZATION EXERCISES ON SPINAL CURVES DIAGNOSED WITH ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 439.2–439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.6458.
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Background:Postural deformities can cause changes in spinal curvatures patients with ankylosing spondylitis. In these patients, preventive and therapeutic approaches are needed for spinal deformities (1). Positive effects of the spinal stabilization exercises are manifested in reducing pain, maintaining mobility, improving posture, increasing aerobic capacity and improving quality of life (2).Objectives:The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of stabilization exercises on spinal curvatures in s ankylosing spondylitis patients.Methods:Twenty-eight ankylosing spondylitis patients (25 females, 3 males) with a mean age of 30.87 ± 9.13 years were included in the stabilization exercises program. The patients performed spinal stabilization exercises two days a week for six weeks. Stabilization training includes training of deep muscles providing diaphragmatic breathing, neutral spine position control training and local motor control, and motor control training of global muscles, dynamic stabilization exercises and strengthening training. Thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis curvature of patients in an upright position were evaluated with Spinal Mouse (SM) device before and after therapy program. The SM device is a reliable, valid, safe, quick method that can be used in the clinics and researches of the adults with no side effects.Results:At the end of 6 weeks of treatment, there was a decrease in the total curvature degree of the thoracic vertebrae in the sagittal axis (p=0.026). No significant difference was found in the lumbal region (p= 0.109).Table 1.Differences of Total Curve DegreesPre-Exercises ProgramMean±SDPost-ExercisesProgramMean±SDzpThoracal Total Curve Degrees43.50±8.1142.57±7.70-2.232*0.026Lumbal Total Curve Degrees-26.42±8.46-23.77±7.15-1.6040.109*p<0.05, SD: Standart DeviationConclusion:Stabilization exercises are effective in reducing thoracic kyphosis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis patients. The use of these exercises in treatment programs will contribute significantly to improving spinal alignment and preventing postural deformities.References:[1]Grazio, S., Grubišić, F., & Brnić, V. (2019). Rehabilitation of patients with spondyloarthritis: a narrative review.Medicinski Glasnik,16(2).[2]Gunay, S. M., Keser, I., & Bicer, Z. T. (2018). The effects of balance and postural stability exercises on spa based rehabilitation programme in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.Journal of back and musculoskeletal rehabilitation,31(2), 337-346.Disclosure of Interests: :None declared
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Kavlakoglu, E., A. Eimali, Y. Elerman, R. Werner, I. Svoboda, and H. Fuess. "Crystal Structure and Magnetic Properties of a Linear Trinuclear Ni(II) Complex." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 56, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2001-0107.
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Abstract Linear Trinuclear Nickel(II) Complex, Super-Exchange Interactions, Antiferromagnetic Coupling [Ni3(C2H32(CH3O)2L2] [L = 13-bis(5-chlorosalicylideneamino)propan-2-ol dianion, (C2H3O2)- = acetate, (CH3OH) = methanol] was synthesized and its crystal structure was determined. It crystallizes in the monoclinic spaceeroup P21 /n with a = 12.694(2), b = 13.281 (4), c = 15.420(3) Å, β = 111.25(2)°, V = 2422.9(9) Å3 ,Z = 2 . The molecule is a "linear" trinuclear complex with nearly octahedral coordination of each nickel ion. Adjacent nickel(II) ions are bridged by the phenolic oxygen atoms of the ligands and the oxygen atoms of the acetato ligands. The coordination sphere of the terminal nickel(II) ions is completed by the oxygen atom of the methanol. Adjacent nickel(II) centers are separated by 3.043(1) Å and weakly antiferromagnetically coupled (J1 = -3 .4 cm-1). The terminal nickel(II) centers are separated by 6.086(1) Å and very weakly antiferromagnetically coupled (J2 = -0 .3 cm-1) which follows from temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements in the temperature range 4.5 to 318 K. The magnetic moment rises from 2.99 μB at 4.5 K to 5.42 μB at 318 K. In the X(T) curve no characteristic maximum was observed.
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Sun, Datong, and Mauricio Prado. "Modeling Gas-Liquid Head Performance of Electrical Submersible Pumps." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 127, no. 1 (February 1, 2005): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1845473.
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This study presents a new gas-liquid model to predict electrical submersible pumps head performance. The newly derived approach based on gas-liquid momentum equations along pump channels has improved the Sachdeva model (Sachdeva, R., Doty, D. R., and Schmidt, Z., 1988, “Two-Phase Flow through Electrical Submersible Pumps,” Ph.D. dissertation, The University of Tulsa, Oklahoma; 1994, “Performance of Electric Submersible Pumps in Gassy Wells,” SPE Prod. Facil., 9, pp. 55–60) in the petroleum industry and generalized the Minemura model (Minemura, K., Uchiyama, T., Shoda, S. and Kazuyuki, E., 1998, “Prediction of Air-Water Two-Phase Flow Performance of a Centrifugal Pump Based on One-Dimensional Two-Fluid Model,” ASME J. Fluids. Eng., 120, pp. 327–334) in the nuclear industry. The new two-phase model includes novel approaches for wall frictional losses for each phase using a gas-liquid stratified assumption and existing correlations, a new shock loss model incorporating rotational speeds, a new correlation for drag coefficient and interfacial characteristic length effects by fitting the model results with experimental data, and an algorithm to solve the model equations. The model can predict pressure and void fraction distributions along impellers and diffusers in addition to the pump head performance curve under different fluid properties, pump intake conditions, and rotational speeds.
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Burton, Michael L., Jennifer C. Potts, Jordan Page, and Ariel Poholek. "Age, growth, mortality and reproductive seasonality of jolthead porgy, Calamus bajonado, from Florida waters." PeerJ 5 (September 8, 2017): e3774. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3774.
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Ages of jolthead porgy (Calamus bajonado Schneider 1801) (n = 635) from Florida commercial and recreational fisheries from 2008–2016 were determined using sectioned sagittal otoliths. We determined, using edge-type analysis, that opaque zones were annular, forming March–June (peaking in April). Jolthead porgy ranged from 1–13 years, and the largest fish measured 680 mm TL (total length, mm). Body size relationships for jolthead porgy were TL = 1.09FL + 20.44 (n = 622, r2 = 0.99), FL = 0.90 TL –14.26 (n = 622, r2 = 0.99), and W = 1.1 × 10−5 TL3.06 (n = 577), where W is total weight (grams, g) and FL is fork length (mm). The von Bertalanffy growth equation for jolthead porgy was Lt = 737(1 − e−0.14(t+2.02)) (n = 635). Point estimate of natural mortality was M = 0.32, while age-specific estimates of M ranged from 0.58–0.17 y−1 for ages 1–13. Catch curve analysis estimated the instantaneous rate of total mortality Z = 0.70, while instantaneous rate of fishing mortality F was 0.38. Macroscopic staging of female gonads indicated the presence of hydrated oocytes from December–March, and GSI data indicates that peak spawning in females occurs during March. This study presents the first published findings of life history parameters for jolthead porgy from the Atlantic waters off the southeastern United States.
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Bryson, L. Sebastian, and Jorge Romana Giraldo. "Analysis of case study presenting ground anchor load-transfer response in shale stratum." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 57, no. 1 (January 2020): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2018-0326.
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This paper presents the analysis of the instrumentation and monitoring of ground anchors for a landslide stabilization system located at the State Route 82 Bridge, near Brecksville, Summit County, Ohio (SUM 82). The stabilization system consisted of two tieback walls. Site conditions and design aspects are considered; also, the construction sequence is presented. Field performance data were collected during and after construction, representing a total monitoring period of about 340 days. Load transfer was studied based on strain gage measurements along the bonded length of the anchors. Load variation during preproduction and performance tests of the anchors is described and discussed. A numerical procedure is presented to evaluate the anchor load–deformation characteristics based on the t-z approach. Two strain-softening load-transfer functions were used at the interface between the bonded length of the anchors and the rock. The analysis shows that the prediction of the load–displacement curve for each anchor is more influenced by the selected ultimate side frictional resistance along the anchor–rock interface than the shear stiffness of the interface. This study concludes that it is critical that peak and residual load characteristics be included in the load-transfer models for anchors installed in rock.
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S.W, Yogie Seto, Onnie Ridaliani, and Lestari Lestari. "EVALUASI ISI AWAL GAS DI TEMPAT DAN ANALISIS DECLINE CURVE PADA RESERVOIR YS." PETRO:Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Perminyakan 8, no. 4 (January 1, 2020): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/petro.v8i4.6204.
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<p><em>YS reservoir has </em><em>data of gas initial in place (GIIP)</em><em> with a volumetric method of 3,476 B</em><em>scf</em><em>. </em><em>Because of improvement of data, GIIP</em><em> </em><em>can be</em><em> </em><em>evaluated using material balance method</em><em>.</em><em> Then the production of wet gas will be forcasted with plateu rate of 40 Mscf/d. </em><em>The PV</em><em>T</em><em> data that needs to be calculated in this study is the gas </em><em>and water </em><em>compressibility factor and the formation volume factor </em><em>each</em><em> year. In determining the type </em><em>of drive mechanism</em><em>, a plot of P / Z versus cumulative gas production is carried out, from the analysis</em><em>, </em><em>the type of </em><em>drive mechanism is</em><em> water drive, it is necessary to calculate the water influx, the method used is the </em><em>Van Everdengen-Hurst</em><em> method</em><em>. </em><em>After all the required parameters are available, the calculation of the initial gas in place will be calculated, the method used is the material balance method and the straight line material balance method.</em><em> </em><em>The results of the</em><em> initial gas in place</em><em> calculation using the material balance and straight line material balance methods are </em><em>3,430 Bscf and 3,428 Bscf</em><em>. If the results of the material balance method and the straight line material balance method are compared with </em><em>available GIIP volumetric method data</em><em>, the percent difference is </em><em>1,32</em><em>% and </em><em>1,37</em><em>%. It can be said that </em><em>GIIP result using </em><em>the material balance method and the straight line material balance method</em><em> </em><em>is accurate because after being evaluated using </em><em>volumetric</em><em> method, it only has a small percentage difference.</em><em> </em><em>Then from </em><em>calculation, </em><em>recovery factor </em><em>are</em><em> </em><em>67,43% using gas initial in place of straight line material balance method. With remaining reserve of 16,532 MMscf, the time of production plateu with 40 Mscf/d is 12,40 months.</em></p>
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Wáng, Yì Xiáng J., Min Deng, Yáo T. Li, Hua Huang, Jason Chi Shun Leung, Weitian Chen, and Pu-Xuan Lu. "A Combined Use of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion MRI Parameters Can Differentiate Early-Stage Hepatitis-b Fibrotic Livers from Healthy Livers." SLAS TECHNOLOGY: Translating Life Sciences Innovation 23, no. 3 (June 30, 2017): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2472630317717049.
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This study investigated a combined use of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters, Dslow ( D), PF ( f), and Dfast ( D*), for liver fibrosis evaluation. Sixteen healthy volunteers (F0) and 33 hepatitis-b patients (stage F1 = 15, stage F2–4 = 18) were included. With a 1.5 T MR scanner and respiration gating, IVIM diffusion-weighted imaging was acquired using a single-shot echo-planar imaging sequence with 10 b values of 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 150, 200, 400, and 800 s/mm2. Signal measurement was performed on right liver parenchyma. With a three-dimensional tool, Dslow, PF, and Dfast values were placed along the x axis, y axis, and z axis, and a plane was defined to separate healthy volunteers from patients. The three-dimensional tool demonstrated that healthy volunteers and all patients with liver fibrosis could be separated. Classification and regression tree showed that a combination of PF (PF < 12.55%), Dslow (Dslow < 1.152 × 10−3 mm2/s), and Dfast (Dfast < 13.36 × 10−3 mm2/s) could differentiate healthy subjects and all fibrotic livers (F1–4) with an area under the curve of logistic regression (AUC) of 0.986. The AUC for differentiation of healthy livers versus F2–4 livers was 1. PF offered the best diagnostic value, followed by Dslow; however, all three parameters of PF, Dslow, and Dfast contributed to liver fibrosis detection.
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Navalho, Márcio, Catarina Resende, Ana Maria Rodrigues, J. Alberto Pereira da Silva, João Eurico Fonseca, Jorge Campos, and Helena Canhão. "Bilateral Evaluation of the Hand and Wrist in Untreated Early Inflammatory Arthritis: A Comparative Study of Ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging." Journal of Rheumatology 40, no. 8 (June 1, 2013): 1282–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.120713.
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Objective.To compare Doppler ultrasound (US) and 3.0-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (3.0-T MRI) findings of synovial inflammation in the tendons and joints in an early polyarthritis cohort (patients who presented < 1 year after arthritis onset) using a bilateral hand and wrist evaluation. Also, to evaluate the diagnostic performance of US and MRI findings for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), their ability to predict RA as a diagnostic outcome, and their capacity to improve the accuracy of the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) RA classification criteria in early arthritis.Methods.Forty-five patients (40 women, 5 men; mean age 45.6 yrs) with untreated recent-onset polyarthritis participated in this prospective study and were examined using an US and MRI approach including both wrists and hands. After a followup of 12 months, patients were classified as having RA if they fulfilled the criteria for RA. The proportion of synovitis identified by US and MRI for each joint and tendon region was compared by chi-square test. The diagnostic performance of US and MRI for RA identification was evaluated using receiver-operating curve (ROC) analysis. Possible associations between synovitis for each joint and tendon region as identified by US or MRI and RA diagnosis at 12 months were tested by logistic regression analysis. The diagnostic performance of the ACR/EULAR RA classification criteria corrected by US and MRI joint and tendon counts was evaluated using ROC analysis.Results.Thirty patients fulfilled the ACR/EULAR criteria [early RA (ERA) patients] and the remaining 15 failed to meet these criteria (non-RA). Carpal joint synovitis and tenosynovitis of the flexor tendons was found in 86.7% and 86.7% of patients with ERA on MRI compared with 63.3% and 50% on US, respectively (p < 0.05). The global MRI and US counts revealed a good diagnostic performance for RA diagnosis of both techniques, although MRI was statistically significantly better [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.959 and AUC = 0.853, respectively; z statistic = 2.210, p < 0.05]. MRI identification of carpal joint synovitis (OR 3.64, 95% CI 1.119–11.841), tenosynovitis of the flexor tendons (OR 5.09, 95% CI 1.620–16.051), and global joint and tendon count (OR 2.77, 95% CI 1.249–6.139) were in the multivariate logistic regression model the most powerful predictors of progression toward RA. In the group of ERA patients with US joint and tendon counts ≤ 10, a statistically significant difference was found between the diagnostic performance for RA of the ACR/EULAR criteria as previously described and the diagnostic performance of the MRI-corrected ACR/EULAR criteria (AUC = 0.898 and AUC = 0.986, respectively; z statistic = 2.181, p < 0.05).Conclusion.3.0-T MRI identified a higher prevalence of synovitis in comparison to US in an early polyarthritis cohort. Both techniques have good diagnostic performance for RA although MRI reveals a significantly higher diagnostic capability. Synovitis of carpal joints and of flexor tendons as identified by MRI were the most powerful predictors of progression toward RA. In patients with US joint and tendon counts ≤ 10, MRI can significantly improve the diagnostic performance of the 2010 ACR/EULAR classification criteria.
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W, Yogie Seto S., Onnie Ridaliani, and Lestari Lestari. "EVALUASI ISI AWAL GAS DI TEMPAT DAN ANALISIS DECLINE CURVE PADA RESERVOIR YS." PETRO 8, no. 1 (April 20, 2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/petro.v8i1.4293.
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<p><em>YS reservoir has </em><em>data of gas initial in place (GIIP)</em><em> with a volumetric method of 3,476 B</em><em>scf</em><em>. </em><em>Because of improvement of data, GIIP</em><em> </em><em>can be</em><em> </em><em>evaluated using material balance method</em><em>.</em><em> Then the production of wet gas will be forcasted until below economic limit. </em><em>The PV</em><em>T</em><em> data that needs to be calculated in this study is the gas </em><em>and water </em><em>compressibility factor and the formation volume factor </em><em>each</em><em> year. In determining the type </em><em>of drive mechanism</em><em>, a plot of P / Z versus cumulative gas production is carried out, from the analysis</em><em>, </em><em>the type of </em><em>drive mechanism is</em><em> water drive, it is necessary to calculate the water influx, the method used is the </em><em>Van Everdengen-Hurst</em><em> method</em><em>. </em><em>After all the required parameters are available, the calculation of the initial gas in place will be calculated, the method used is the material balance method and the straight line material balance method.</em><em> </em><em>The results of the</em><em> initial gas in place</em><em> calculation using the material balance and straight line material balance methods are </em><em>3,430 Bscf and 3,428 Bscf</em><em>. If the results of the material balance method and the straight line material balance method are compared with </em><em>available GIIP volumetric method data</em><em>, the percent difference is </em><em>1,32</em><em>% and </em><em>1,37</em><em>%. It can be said that </em><em>GIIP result using </em><em>the material balance method and the straight line material balance method</em><em> </em><em>is accurate because after being evaluated using </em><em>volumetric</em><em> method, it only has a small percentage difference.</em><em> </em><em>Then from the decline curve and Trial Error and X2 – Chisquare Test analysis, the decline curve is exponential with Di at 1</em><em>,</em><em>103 / month. After forecasting until production of wet gas is below the economic flow rate of 0</em><em>,</em><em>045 Mscf / d, it is known that the productive age is until 1<sup>st</sup> September 2021 with the values of EUR and RR respectively 2</em><em>,</em><em>309 and 0</em><em>,</em><em>014 Bscf</em><em>. </em><em>Using the results of </em><em>GIIP using</em><em> the </em><em>material balance and </em><em>straight line method, the current recovery factor </em><em>are</em><em> </em><em>67,34% and 67,37 %.</em></p>
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Psaroudakis, E. G., G. E. Mylonakis, and N. S. Klimis. "Non-Linear Analysis of Axially Loaded Piles Using “t–z” and “q–z” Curves." Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 37, no. 4 (February 4, 2019): 2293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10706-019-00823-2.
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