Academic literature on the topic 'Tâches de performance'
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Journal articles on the topic "Tâches de performance"
Ross, Margaret M., Carolyn J. Rosenthal, and Pamela G. Dawson. "Spousal Caregiving in the Institutional Setting: Task Performance." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 16, no. 1 (1997): 51–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s071498080001415x.
Full textLelard, T., A. Temfemo, L. Bastide, C. Assaiante, and S. Ahmaidi. "Performance posturale et doubles tâches : les différences enfants adultes." Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology 42, no. 6 (December 2012): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neucli.2012.09.034.
Full textErmine, Jean-Louis, Mahmoud Moradi, and Stéphane Brunel. "Une chaîne de valeur de la connaissance." Management international 16 (September 20, 2012): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1012391ar.
Full textRousseau, Jacqueline, Élisabeth Dutil, and Jean Lambert. "Fidélité inter-examinateurs du “Profil des AVQ-Mise en situation” chez la personne traumatisée cranio-encéphalique Partie 2: Étude sur la cote des opérations." Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 61, no. 3 (August 1994): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000841749406100305.
Full textKoppel, Sjaan, Judith L. Charlton, Jim Langford, Marilyn Di Stefano, Wendy MacDonald, Zafiroula Vlahodimitrakou, Barbara L. Mazer, et al. "Driving Task: How Older Drivers’ On-Road Driving Performance Relates to Abilities, Perceptions, and Restrictions." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 35, S1 (March 29, 2016): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980816000015.
Full textTaktek, Khaled. "Hypothèse de la variabilité de la pratique physique mise en perspective : recension des écrits et discussions méthodologiques." Revue des sciences de l'éducation 35, no. 2 (December 16, 2009): 177–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/038734ar.
Full textKarpińska-Szaj, Katarzyna, and Bernadeta Wojciechowska. "LA PERFORMANCE MORPHOSYNTAXIQUE DANS LES TÂCHES DE REFORMULATION ÉCRITE. CAS D’ÉTUDIANTS DÉBUTANTS DE FLE." Neofilolog, no. 44/1 (July 4, 2019): 73–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/n.2015.44.1.06.
Full textDemers, Diane L., and Karen Messing. "Les tests de sélection : une course à obstacles vers l’égalité économique des femmes." Articles 14, no. 1 (April 12, 2005): 15–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/058123ar.
Full textGosselin, Jérémie, and Isabelle Blanchette. "L’INFLUENCE DES ÉMOTIONS INTÉGRALES POSITIVES SUR LE RAISONNEMENT DÉDUCTIF ET INDUCTIF." ARTICLES LIBRES 39, no. 2 (September 10, 2018): 245–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1051230ar.
Full textGagné, Andréanne, and Martha Crago. "Étude corrélationnelle de la production narrative chez des enfants du primaire pour mieux intervenir au préscolaire." Revue des sciences de l’éducation 38, no. 3 (February 18, 2014): 509–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1022710ar.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Tâches de performance"
Carastan, dos Santos Danilo. "Apprentissage sur heuristiques simples pour l'ordonnancement online de tâches parallèles." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAM052.
Full textHigh-Performance Computing (HPC) platforms are growing in size and complexity. In an adversarial manner, the power demand of such platforms has rapidly grown as well, and current top supercomputers require power at the scale of an entire power plant. In an effort to make a more responsible usage of such power, researchers are devoting a great amount of effort to devise algorithms and techniques to improve different aspects of performance such as scheduling and resource management. But HPC platform maintainers are still reluctant to deploy state of the art scheduling methods and most of them revert to simple heuristics such as EASY Backfilling, which is based in a naive First-Come-First-Served (FCFS) ordering. Newer methods are often complex and obscure, and the simplicity and transparency of EASY Backfilling are too important to sacrifice.At a first moment we explored Machine Learning (ML) techniques to learn on-line parallel job scheduling heuristics. Using simulations and a workload generation model, we could determine the characteristics of HPC applications (jobs) that lead to a reduction in the mean slowdown of jobs in an execution queue. Modeling these characteristics using a nonlinear function and applying this function to select the next job to execute in a queue improved the mean task slowdown in synthetic workloads. When applied to real workload traces from highly different machines, these functions still resulted in performance improvements, attesting the generalization capability of the obtained heuristics.At a second moment, using simulations and workload traces from several real HPC platforms, we performed a thorough analysis of the cumulative results of four simple scheduling heuristics (including EASY Backfilling). We also evaluated effects such as the relationship between job size and slowdown, the distribution of slowdown values, and the number of backfilled jobs, for each HPC platform and scheduling policy. We show experimental evidence that one can only gain by replacing EASY Backfilling with the Smallest estimated Area First (SAF) policy with backfilling, as it offers improvements in performance by up to 80% in the slowdown metric while maintaining the simplicity and the transparency of EASY. SAF reduces the number of jobs with large slowdowns and the inclusion of a simple thresholding mechanism guarantees that no starvation occurs.Overall we achieved the following remarks: (i) simple and efficient scheduling heuristics in the form of a nonlinear function of the jobs characteristics can be learned automatically, though whether the reasoning behind their scheduling decisions is clear or not can be up to argument. (ii) The area (processing time estimate multiplied by the number of processors) of the jobs seems to be a quite important property for good parallel job scheduling heuristics, since many of the heuristics (notably SAF) that achieved good performances have the job's area as input. (iii) The backfilling mechanism seems to always help in increasing performance, though it does not outperform a better sorting of the jobs waiting queue, such as the sorting performed by SAF
Garcia, Pinto Vinicius. "Stratégies d'analyse de performance pour les applications basées sur tâches sur plates-formes hybrides." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAM058/document.
Full textProgramming paradigms in High-Performance Computing have been shiftingtoward task-based models that are capable of adapting readily toheterogeneous and scalable supercomputers. The performance oftask-based applications heavily depends on the runtime schedulingheuristics and on its ability to exploit computing and communicationresources.Unfortunately, the traditional performance analysis strategies areunfit to fully understand task-based runtime systems and applications:they expect a regular behavior with communication and computationphases, while task-based applications demonstrate no clearphases. Moreover, the finer granularity of task-based applicationstypically induces a stochastic behavior that leads to irregularstructures that are difficult to analyze.In this thesis, we propose performance analysis strategies thatexploit the combination of application structure, scheduler, andhardware information. We show how our strategies can help tounderstand performance issues of task-based applications running onhybrid platforms. Our performance analysis strategies are built on topof modern data analysis tools, enabling the creation of customvisualization panels that allow understanding and pinpointingperformance problems incurred by bad scheduling decisions andincorrect runtime system and platform configuration.By combining simulation and debugging we are also able to build a visualrepresentation of the internal state and the estimations computed bythe scheduler when scheduling a new task.We validate our proposal by analyzing traces from a Choleskydecomposition implemented with the StarPU task-based runtime systemand running on hybrid (CPU/GPU) platforms. Our case studies show howto enhance the task partitioning among the multi-(GPU, core) to getcloser to theoretical lower bounds, how to improve MPI pipelining inmulti-(node, core, GPU) to reduce the slow start in distributed nodesand how to upgrade the runtime system to increase MPI bandwidth. Byemploying simulation and debugging strategies, we also provide aworkflow to investigate, in depth, assumptions concerning the schedulerdecisions. This allows us to suggest changes to improve the runtimesystem scheduling and prefetch mechanisms
Bouda, Florence. "Ecarts de performance dans des tâches spatiales de verticale et d'horizontale : Approche développementale." Montpellier 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON30007.
Full textWe have analysed the influence of perceptive, representative and moteur factors in the evaluation of performances in horizontal and vertical spacial tasks (organising and monitoring). The coordination between these factors depends on the type of experimental device and on the children's age. This coordination may originate differences in performance. It is known that the fact of changing a number of characteristics in a task, such as the instructions given to the children or the materials tends to alter the results (performances) of the children. Based on the previous studies of piaget and inhelder (1947) on the horizontal and vertical tasks, we have carried out experiences with two types of devices : a "concrete" device, with real bowls and a mountain model : and a graphic one (drawing representing the real bowls and the mountain model). By changing the conditions in which these exercices took place (with and without a blinfold), we have analysed the part played by some factors in the children's performance. In our analysis, we concentrated on the representation of the task (in the determination of the performance). Results show that both the type of device and the conditions in which these exercises took place have an effect on the representation of the representation of the task and entail difference in performance. The performances from the concrete experience are globally better than those of drawing one. Differences in performance are more significant with children aged 7 to 8. An analysis of the properties of these differences allows to distinguish differences due to the characteristics of the structure - children manage to forget about these effects - and "real" differences - children cannot avoid these effects. These results show the significance of visual datas for the monotoring of the results. Without visual datas, ie. With a blindfold, the children's performances improve. As a conclusion, the results are discussed considering the different conditions and factors (perceptive, representative and motor) which influence the execution of the tasks. Key words : differences in performance, perception, representation, space, development
Cojean, Terry. "Programmation des architectures hétérogènes à l'aide de tâches divisibles ou modulables." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0041/document.
Full textHybrid computing platforms equipped with accelerators are now commonplace in high performance computing platforms. Due to this evolution, researchers concentrated their efforts on conceiving tools aiming to ease the programmation of applications able to use all computing units of such machines. The StarPU runtime system developed in the STORM team at INRIA Bordeaux was conceived to be a target for parallel language compilers and specialized libraries (linear algebra, Fourier transforms,...). To provide the portability of codes and performances to applications, StarPU schedules dynamic task graphs efficiently on all heterogeneous computing units of the machine. One of the most difficult aspects when expressing an application into a graph of task is to choose the granularity of the tasks, which typically goes hand in hand with the size of blocs used to partition the problem's data. Small granularity do not allow to efficiently use accelerators such as GPUs which require a small amount of task with massive inner data-parallelism in order to obtain peak performance. Inversely, processors typically exhibit optimal performances with a big amount of tasks possessing smaller granularities. The choice of the task granularity not only depends on the type of computing units on which it will be executed, but in addition it will influence the quantity of parallelism available in the system: too many small tasks may flood the runtime system by introducing overhead, whereas too many small tasks may create a parallelism deficiency. Currently, most approaches rely on finding a compromise granularity of tasks which does not make optimal use of both CPU and accelerator resources. The objective of this thesis is to solve this granularity problem by aggregating resources in order to view them not as many small resources but fewer larger ones collaborating to the execution of the same task. One theoretical machine and scheduling model allowing to represent this process exists since several decades: the parallel tasks. The main contributions of this thesis are to make practical use of this model by implementing a parallel task mechanism inside StarPU and to implement and study parallel task schedulers of the literature. The validation of the model is made by improving the programmation and optimizing the execution of numerical applications on top of modern computing machines
Garlet, Milani Luís Felipe. "Autotuning assisté par apprentissage automatique de tâches OpenMP." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALM022.
Full textModern computer architectures are highly complex, requiring great programming effort to obtain all the performance the hardware is capable of delivering. Indeed, while developers know potential optimizations, the only feasible way to tell which of them is faster for some platform is to test it. Furthermore, the many differences between two computer platforms, in the number of cores, cache sizes, interconnect, processor and memory frequencies, etc, makes it very challenging to have the same code perform well over several systems. To extract the most performance, it is often necessary to fine-tune the code for each system. Consequently, developers adopt autotuning to achieve some degree of portable performance. This way, the potential optimizations can be specified once, and, after testing each possibility on a platform, obtain a high-performance version of the code for that particular platform. However, this technique requires tuning each application for each platform it targets. This is not only time consuming but the autotuning and the real execution of the application differ. Differences in the data may trigger different behaviour, or there may be different interactions between the threads in the autotuning and the actual execution. This can lead to suboptimal decisions if the autotuner chooses a version that is optimal for the training but not for the real execution of the application. We propose the use of autotuning for selecting versions of the code relevant for a range of platforms and, during the execution of the application, the runtime system identifies the best version to use using one of three policies we propose: Mean, Upper Confidence Bound, and Gradient Bandit. This way, training effort is decreased and it enables the use of the same set of versions with different platforms without sacrificing performance. We conclude that the proposed policies can identify the version to use without incurring substantial performance losses. Furthermore, when the user does not know enough details of the application to configure optimally the explore-then-commit policy usedy by other runtime systems, the more adaptable UCB policy can be used in its place
Navet, Nicolas. "Évaluation de performances temporelles et optimisation de l'ordonnancement de tâches et messages." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1999_NAVET_N.pdf.
Full textMoreaud, Stéphanie. "Mouvement de données et placement des tâches pour les communications haute performance sur machines hiérarchiques." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00635651.
Full textTyndiuk, Florence. "Référentiels Spatiaux des Tâches d'Interaction et Caractéristiques de l'Utilisateur influençant la Performance en Réalité Virtuelle." Phd thesis, Université Victor Segalen - Bordeaux II, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00162297.
Full textLa première concerne les tâches d'interaction en réalité virtuelle, plus particulièrement la manipulation et la locomotion. L'étude et la comparaison des propriétés spatiales des environnements réels et virtuels nous permettent de proposer des modèles hiérarchiques de ces tâches, spécifiant les configurations d'interaction problématiques pour un utilisateur. En fonction de ces configurations problématiques, un concepteur devra contraindre le déplacement ou aider l'interaction. La principale difficulté que nous avons identifiée est l'adaptation de l'interface aux référentiels spatiaux de l'utilisateur (égocentrique, exocentrique).
La seconde dimension concerne l'identification des caractéristiques de l'utilisateur influençant la performance en fonction de la tâche (locomotion vs. manipulation) et de l'interface (immersive visuellement vs. peu immersive visuellement). Pour la configuration n'induisant que peu d'immersion visuelle, un écran d'ordinateur et un grand écran sont utilisés, l'angle de vue de l'utilisateur est conservé constant. Cette étude montre l'impact sur la performance d'interaction des capacités spatiales, de la dépendance-indépendance à l'égard du champ et de l'expérience en jeu vidéo, pour différentes interfaces et tâches. Nous montrons notamment qu'un grand écran peut soutenir la performance et minimiser l'influence des capacités spatiales sur celle-ci.
Gagné, Marie-Ève. "Performance à des tâches locomotrices et cognitives simultanées à la suite de traumatismes craniocérébraux légers." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36743.
Full textMild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), also known as concussion, can cause cognitive, sensorimotor and neurophysiological alterations which can be observed days and even months post-injury. Presently, mTBI clinical assessments are often focused on either cognitive deficits or physical function separately. Evaluating these spheres of function in isolation, however, is not always ecological enough to capture how an individual will function in day-to-day life where cognitive and sensorimotor demands are often simultaneous. Recent laboratory-based studies have suggested that dual-tasks combining motor and cognitive tasks are a promising way to detect differences between healthy participants and individuals having sustained mTBI. However, studies are very heterogeneous in terms of tasks used and variables measured, few of them focus on variables that could influence dual-task performance and many are not readily transferable to a clinical setting. This doctoral thesis aimed at identifying a sensitive, ecologically valid dual-task protocol combining locomotor and cognitive demands to evaluate the residual effects of mTBI both in a laboratory environment (Study 1) and a clinical setting (Study 2). Using gait laboratory measures, the first study’s objectives were (1) to compare performance on cognitive and gait parameters using different dual-tasks in healthy controls and young adults with mTBI, and (2) to examine the effect of number of mTBIs sustained on dual-task performance. Exploratory correlations to investigate relationships between neuropsychological testing and dual-task performance were also calculated. Eighteen participants with mTBI (13 women; age 21.89 ±3.76, on average 59.56 days post-injury ±24.12) and fifteen control participants (9 women; age 22.20 ±4.33) were recruited. A battery of neuropsychological tests was used to assess verbal fluency, executive function, memory and attention. A physiological examination comprised assessment of grip strength, upper-limb coordination, as well as static and dynamic balance. Subjective symptoms were also assessed. A 9-camera motion analysis system (Vicon) was used to characterize gait. Participants were asked to walk along a 6-meter walkway during three conditions of locomotion: (1) level-walking, (2) walking and stepping over a deep obstacle (15 cm high x 15 cm deep), and (3) walking and stepping over a narrow obstacle (15 cm high x 3 cm deep) and three cognitive conditions: (1) Counting backwards by 2s, (2) Verbal fluency, and (3) Stroop task. These tasks were performed in combination and as single tasks. No significant differences were found between groups on neuropsychological tests, but the physiological examination revealed that the mTBI group had slower gait speed and were more unstable than the control group. The dual-task experimentation showed that mTBI had slower gait speed, in both single and dual-tasks, and slower response time during dualtasks. No combination of dual-task was revealed to be more sensitive to distinguish groups. In a clinical-like setting, the second study’s objective was to compare mTBI individuals with healthy controls, using accessible technology to assess performance. Twenty participants with mTBI (10 women; age 22.10 ±2.97, 70.9 days post-injury ±22.31) and 20 control participants (10 women; age 22.55 ±2.72) were recruited. Subjective symptoms, history of impacts, a short neuropsychological battery and subjective fatigue and concentration symptoms during experimentation were used to characterized groups. Participants walked back and forth two times along a 10 m long corridor, during two locomotor conditions: (1) level-walking or (2) walking and stepping over three obstacles and two cognitive conditions; (1) Counting backwards by 7s, and (2) Verbal fluency. These tasks were performed in combination and as single-tasks. Only a stopwatch and an observation grid were used to assess performance. Participants reported being significantly less concentrated during dual-task experimentation. Significantly greater dual-task cost for gait speed in the mTBI group were observed, which demonstrated increased difficulty in dual-task, even more than two months following the injury. This thesis highlights that dual-task protocols combining locomotor and cognitive tasks could represent a simple, practical and sensitive way for clinicians to detect residual alterations even months following mTBI. More work is needed to identify personal characteristics, such as mTBI history, that could influence performance. A reflection on how protocols could be developed according to clinical restrictions and needs is much required in order to pursue research of dual-tasks.
Bouvry, Pascal. "Placement de tâches sur ordinateurs parallèles à mémoire distribuée." Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005081.
Full textThe growing needs in computing performance imply more complex computer architectures. The lack of good programming environments for these machines must be filled. The goal to be reached is to find a compromise solution between portability and performance. The subject of this thesis is studying the problem of static allocation of task graphs onto distributed memory parallel computers. This work takes part of the project INRIA-IMAG APACHE and of the european one SEPP-COPERNICUS (Software Engineering for Parallel Processing). The undirected task graph is the chosen programming model. A survey of the existing solutions for scheduling and for mapping problems is given. The possibility of using directed task graphs after a clustering phase is underlined. An original solution is designed and implemented ; this solution is implemented within a working programming environment. Three kinds of mapping algorithms are used: greedy, iterative and exact ones. Most developments have been done for tabu search and simulated annealing. These algorithms improve various objective functions (from most simple and portable to the most complex and architecturaly dependant). The weigths of the task graphs can be tuned using a post-mortem analysis of traces. The use of tracing tools leads to a validation of the cost function and of the mapping algorithms. A benchmark protocol is defined and used. The tests are runned on the Meganode (a 128 transputer machine) using VCR from the university of Southampton as a router, synthetic task graphs generation with ANDES of the ALPES project (developped by the performance evaluation team of the LGI-IMAG) and the Dominant Sequence Clustering of PYRROS (developped by Tao Yang and Apostolos Gerasoulis)
Books on the topic "Tâches de performance"
Corbeil, Paul. Les effets de rétroaction sur la satisfaction, la compétence perçue et la performance dans une tâche cognitive: Y a-t-il des différences entre les hommes et les femmes? Sudbury, Ont: Département de psychologie, Université Laurentienne, 1999.
Find full textConference papers on the topic "Tâches de performance"
Lacaze, Xavier, Philippe Palanque, and David Navarre. "Analyse de performance et mod?les de Tâches comme support à la conception rationnelle des syst?mes interactifs." In the 14th French-speaking conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/777005.777009.
Full textFourcade, A. "Apprentissage profond : un troisième oeil pour les praticiens." In 66ème Congrès de la SFCO. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sfco/20206601014.
Full textBayssié, Laurent, and Laurent Chaudron. "Evaluation de la performance d'un opérateur en fonction de sa tâche. application aux IHM." In the 14th French-speaking conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/777005.777039.
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