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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Tafoni'
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Li, Oi-yee. "A study on Tafoni of Cheung Chau." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B4290464X.
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Li, Oi-yee, and 李愛儀. "A study on Tafoni of Cheung Chau." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4290464X.
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Owen, Athena Marie. "Tafoni Caves in Quarernary Carbonate Eolianites: Examples from the Bahamas." MSSTATE, 2007. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-05142007-143443/.
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Tafoni have been confusingly defined in many ways: variations in size, rock type, and forming mechanisms. This study addresses tafoni in Quaternary eolian carbonates to help better define the term. Large tafoni were differentiated from other coastal caves in the Bahamas, specifically flank margin and sea caves, using morphometric analyses. The differentiation is important as all three cave types form in the same area, but flank margin and sea caves can be used as paleo-sea level indicators, while tafoni cannot. Small tafoni show a growth rate of 0.022 m3/yr; and may amalgmate to form larger tafoni, which grew at 0.65 m3/yr. Petrographic analysis helped identify tafoni-forming mechanisms; results revealed no evaporites present, removing crystal wedging as a mechanism, while indicating wind erosion as the primary mechanism. This analysis found significantly greater cements within the Holocene rocks compared to previous studies, and SEM analysis revealed organic cements preserved by oil-based cutting.
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Owen, Athena Marie. "Tafoni caves in quaternary carbonate eolianites examples from the Bahamas /." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2007. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-05142007-143443.
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Mol, L. "Sandstone weathering, Electrical Resistivity Tomography, and the deterioration of San Rock Art in the Golden Gate Highlands National Park, South Africa." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e73c62d5-5dbb-4fb9-abe5-3de53efe5ced.
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Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) is a novel technique which can be used to build up a 2D pseudo-section of resistivity distribution of a porous material. Here, it is used to visualise internal moisture regimes by measuring the resistivity distribution of transects within sandstone, inferring that high resistivity equals low moisture content and vice versa. This method was used to perform two intermediate complexity laboratory tests; the first one to determine high-resolution, multi-scale drying patterns of sandstone, the second to determine capillary ingress of moisture within a sandstone block and the influence of temperature on moisture distribution. It was found that moisture behaviour showed far more complex patterns than previously acknowledged. A new model is therefore proposed which describes the influence of increased near-surface temperatures on capillary rise. This series of tests bridge the gap between field observations and mathematical models, as well as confirm the validity of ERT as a geomorphological tool. This research was continued by investigating the role of internal moisture in sandstone weathering using the Golden Gate Highlands National Park (GGHNP), South Africa as a case study. The ERT data was correlated with Equotip (rock surface hardness) and Protimeter (rock surface saturation) measurements. Seven sites were investigated, which showed that there is a non-linear correlation between rock surface hardness and internal moisture patterns. In addition, annual change measurements confirmed that the fluctuating patterns of internal moisture can be correlated to strengthening or weakening of the rock surface. This research therefore proposes two new conceptual weathering models. The first correlates ‘optimal moisture content’ to rock surface strength. The second correlates the development of shelters and changing weathering patterns to the non-linear interaction between case hardening and internal moisture. This new approach to sandstone weathering can be incorporated into conservation methods, as rock surface loss is one of the main causes of the San Rock Art deterioration observed in the GGHNP.
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Frajndlich, Rafael Urano. "Tafuri: tempo da cidade longínqua." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16133/tde-30062014-105608/.
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A obra do historiador da arquitetura Manfredo Tafuri (1935-1994) mantém grande pertinência nos debates contemporâneos. Sua contribuição é caracterizada pelo rigor filológico de suas pesquisas, pela leitura crítica das utopias das vanguardas e sobretudo pelo trânsito intenso de suas análises por outras disciplinas das ciências humanas, como a filosofia, a psicologia e a sociologia. Em seus textos, o autor ladeou o Renascimento e a atualidade de diferentes modos para tecer suas argumentações, através de articulações de noções de tempo. O tempo, na prosa de Tafuri, é um objeto de estudo em si, e remonta às raízes de seu trabalho nos debates filosóficos italianos. A tese se aprofunda nesse aspecto do historiador, na determinação feita entre períodos históricos, dando ênfase ao modo como Tafuri entendia a temporalidade. Toma-se como texto de base a conferência As formas do tempo (1993), onde podemos encontrar uma síntese de suas considerações sobre o assunto, relacionando-a com os textos mais ensaísticos sobre história assinados pelo autor, que formam o corpus desta pesquisa: Teorias e história da arquitetura (1968), Projeto e utopia (1973) e Machine et memoir: a cidade na obra de Le Corbusier (1979). Estudar-se-á este núcleo considerando a hipótese de que a complexidade da obra de Tafuri reside no entremeio de tempos. Espera-se com este recorte destacar a atualidade das considerações críticas do autor sobre a arquitetura, demonstrar a interlocução de seus escritos com os debates filosóficos italianos de sua época, bem como aprofundar em alguns aspectos a interdisciplinaridade de sua teoria.The work of Manfredo Tafuri (1935-1994) remains important for the History of Architecture. His contribuition is often summarized in the filological accent of his research subjects, the critical approach of contemporary trends in architecture and most of all for the interdisciplinarity of his writings, leaning towards other fields of humanities such as philosophy, psicology and sociology. In the overall of his work, the author established connections between Renaissance and Contemporary in different ways to make a point in his essays. The ways he framed different periods of history concerned a specific transit between notions of temporality. In Tafuri\'s work, time appears as a subject itself and denotes its philosphical origins in the political trends of Italy. This thesis seeks to shed light on one specific aspect of the work of Tafuri. It will work with his most ensaistic works regarding time: The forms of time: Venice and the Renaissance (1993) and Machine et memoir: The city in the work of Le Corbusier (1979). Along with these two articles, we will focus on two seminal books signed by the author: Theories and history of architecture (1968) and Architecture and utopia (1973). Through the study of the temporality in the work of Tafuri, we expect to broaden the understanding of his contribution, shedding light to the pertinence of his critical opinions on architecture, to the persistent dialogue his work with philosophical trends in Italy, and to give a better overall understanding of the interdisciplinary approach of his theory.
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Kuchař, Roman. "Návrh na snížení nákladů na jakost výrobků v Tafonco a.s." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223122.
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Diploma thesis is focused on the area of quality management in engineering copany. Based on a detailed analysis of the current situation, identifies the critical points of the investigated area. The thesis deals with the PAF model in greater detail which is also the subject of the practical part. It contains suggestions and changes, including the removal of undesired conditions that ensure greater transparency of quality costs management. Part of this work are theoretical bases to complement the practical part and represent the knowledge of quality management. Financial burdens and benefits associated with the implementation of the changes are expressed by using the calculation of costs and expected benefits of the proposed changes. Last part of this thesis, are mention topics that would be appropriate in connection with the economics of quality further processed.
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Eklund, Markus. "Mosslik och kärrskelett : Analys av torv från ett skelett utgrävt vid offersjön Bokaren." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Arkeologiska forskningslaboratoriet, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-138855.
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This paper examines peat that was discovered next to a skeleton dug out in wetlands next to lake Bokaren in Uppland, Sweden, in 2015. The skeleton was that of a man from the Roman Iron Age. It was found in fen peat, where soft tissue decomposes but bones are often well preserved. The elemental composition of the peat was examined using X-ray fluorescence. It was found that the composition of heavy elements was likely a result from exchange between the body and the peat. There were also trace elements, some of which may originate from medicine or other use. There may also be traces of brass. X-ray diffraction however revealed no trace of mineral formation. The lipid content of the peat was examined using Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry. Fatty acids, cholesterol and degradation products expected from a waterlogged, anaerobic environment where discovered. Dark-colored peat surrounding body was found to contain lipids from the body and lipids from the inside of the skull where particularly well preserved. Theoretically, both lipid analysis and XRF could be used to locate bodies in fen peat by sampling. From the lipid analysis, one may draw the conclusion that it was a primary burial and that the body was put in a wet context short time after death. Efforts may have been taken to prevent the body from floating to the surface. The head of the body probably came off during decomposition with soft tissue remaining.
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Assennato, Marco. "Une Marseillaise sans Bastille à prendre : Manfredo Tafuri enquête par la philosophie." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1019/document.
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Depuis quelques années, une certaine récupération des idées de Manfredo Tafuri est en cours. Pourtant cette diffusion d'idées n'est pas exempte d’incompréhensions et de malentendus. L'œuvre de Tafuri est marqué par une approche théorique forte: dans ses écrits travaillent les questions le plus aiguës d'un chapitre oublié et pourtant fondamental de la philosophie italienne récente. La recherche porte principalement le schéma de ce questionnement philosophique et sur son impact sur le débat architectural. Il s'agit de sonder une série de nœuds théoriques apparemment distincts ou plus larges que les problématiques architecturales telles qu’elles sont habituellement posées: la modernité, la technique, les langages, la liberté et les conditionnements de l'action subjective. A travers la pluralité des thèmes affrontés, ce qui s’est dégagé, est que le travail de cet historien, dans son ensemble, a été principalement traversé par le problème théorique du projet. Chez Tafuri on trouve une extraordinaire cartographie philosophique de l'architecture. Cartographie qui fonctionne par fragments, traces, emblèmes d'un débat plus large qui concerne la politique et l'histoire des intellectuels italiens entre 1960 et 1980Certain aspects of Manfredo Tafuri's work have been recently reexamined by the academic community. However, the redraft of his ideas has likely generated both several misunderstandings and misconceptions. His theoretical approach is one of the main keys to interpret his work: the issue of any architectural process is the complexity of the process itself. The theoretical issues of an architectural project relates to Tafuri’s argument regarding the basic constraints that we could find in the philosophical debate about modernity, techniques, languages, freedom and the constraints on subjective action. Tafuri tracks an extraordinarily rich cartography of architecture and a cultural and political pathway that connects a wide critical thinking sphere of the Italian intelligentsia between the 1960s and 1980s
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Remaoun, Khadidja. "Evolution geomorphologique du bassin-versant de l'oued tafna (algerie, oranie occidentale)." Chambéry, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CHAMS011.
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A cheval sur des domaines varies, le bassin-versant de l'oued tafna s'etend sur presque la moitie de l'oranie nord-occidentale et comprend deux ensembles structuraux: un ensemble atlasique au sud et un ensemble alpin au nord, ce dernier ayant connu en outre une activite volcanique importante, mio-plio-quaternaire. Il a commence a acquerir ses traits morphogeniques des la fin du miocene ce, dans un contexte sec, avec un amont en grande partie karstique et un aval a dynamisme volcanique effusif au mio-pliocene, puis phreatomagmatique au pliocene et au quaternaire. Ce dernier a laisse une morphologie craterique (mars et cones stromboliens) en basse tafna. Au pliocene et au quaternaire, les mouvements tectoniques (differencies dans le temps), ajoutes aux variations climatiques, sont a l'origine des reliefs actuels: degagement d'escarpements de ligne de faille modeles par la suite en versants par recul, ablation ou glaciplanation, puis faconnement de deux generations de grands glacis (d'erosion surtout) dans lesquels va s'enfoncer le reseau hydrographique, laissant des interfluves tabulaires, etages localement, en moyenne tafna. D'epaisses alluvions fluviatiles pliocenes et cinq terrasses alluviales quaternaires temoignent d'une dynamique alluviale dont les traits ont varies dans le temps. Sept paleosols rouges (cinq sont quaternaires) sont des marqueurs de phases paleobioclimatiques humides, mais a traits mediterraneens. De meme, les depots lacustres plio-quaternaires en moyenne tafna et les tufs et travertins des retombees (nord surtout) des mcs de tlemcen
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Aubert, Hélène. "Mise en évidence du déterminisme génétique du taux plasmatique de TAFI : Etude de la contribution du TAFI au risque thrombotique artériel." Aix-Marseille 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX22063.
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Owen, Thomas. "The population structure of Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene Neptunea angulata, Gastropoda and an investigation into bias in the fossil record and museum collections." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-296325.
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The fossil population structure of the gastropod Neptunea angulata from the late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene was investigated in this project in order to contribute to a wider study on the influence of predation on populations and the evolutionary history of organisms. Over time, predator-prey relationships can drive evolution in a way similar to the Red Queen Hypothesis. However, before the effects of predation can be understood one must determine how the population dynamics functioned without the influence of predation. There are a number of problems that arise when determining population dynamics for fossil assemblages. These are usually caused by missing fossil data and the uncertain nature of their absence. Bias is rife within fossils at various stages from post-portem processes to when they are present in museum collections. One way to estimate these biases is to investigate the population structures of the fossils both directly from the fossil record and from museum collections. The variation in oxygen istopes found in N. angulata shells corresponded to yearly cycles which then were counted to determine the age of the specimen at time of death. Measuring the length of the spiral at yearly intervals provided the growth rate for the organism while it was alive. The growth rates were then used to determine the ages of specimens based on their size. The resulting ages were organized into an age distribution graph which was used to determine any museum bias. Bias in the preservation was also investigated by measuring the taphonomic damage of organisms of different size and then determine the distributions of size vs taphonomy. The ages of three specimens were found to differ even though the organisms had similar whorl lengths. As a result the growth equations differed and so different age distributions were calculated from each growth equation. All the age distributions demonstrated that the museum collections did show some bias against the smaller sized and thus younger specimens. There also appeared to be a size bias towards small N. angulata within the fossil record, with the extremely small individuals missing. The majority of the smallest specimens found in the field collections were not actually N. angulata specimens. A major problem with the results was a lack of data and a small sample size and it is highly recommended that an extensive collection and review of material be undertaken to fully determine the population structure present in the fossil assemblages. Other parts of the study, for example, the growth rates also require larger data sets in order for the confidence of the data to be improved.I detta projekt studerades snäckpopulationer (Neptunea angulata) från Pliocen och Pleistocen för att besvara bredare frågeställningar om predation och dess inflytande på populationer och evolution. Innan man kan fastställa effekten av predation så behöver man förstå hur populationen betedde sig utan predationstryck. Flertalet problem uppstår när man studerar fossila populationer: tillgången på data kan vara begränsad och det kan vara svårt att se vad som saknas och varför. Information från fossil förloras från tiden som organismen dör fram till att de återfinns i museisamlingar. Ett sätt att uppskatta informationsförlusten är att studera fossil såväl i fossilbäddar som i museisamlingar. Genom att använda sig av den observerade cykliska skillnaden i stabila syreisotoper mellan olika tillväxtzoner i skalen av Neptunea angulata var det möjligt att uppskatta åldern på en organism vid en viss längd. Hastigheten med vilken snäckan växte beräknades genom att mäta förändringen i längd mellan olika åldrar. Genom att beräkna hur snabbt en snäcka växte så var det möjligt att använda storleken på fossilerna för att uppskatta dess ålder då den dog. Fossilen organiserades efter ålder för att visa populationsstrukturer. Förluster av fossil efter deposition uppskattades undersöktes genom att bestämma om mindre storleksgrupper var mer skadad än större storleksgrupper . Den varierade tillväxten hos olika snäckor användes för att beräkna dess åldrar. Det upptäcktes att museisamlingar tenderade att inneha större och äldre individer. Det tycktes också finnas färre små fossil av Neptunea angulata inom opartisk samling. Några av de extrement små individerna saknades helt och majoriteten av de minsta fossilen var inte ens Neptunea angulata. Skador på fossilen var större ju mindre individerna var. Mängden data inverkade negativt på denna studie och därför rekommenderas en omfattande genomgång av de tillgängliga samlingarna för att bättre kunna besvara frågor kring denna population i framtiden.
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Boffa, Michael B. "Structure, function and regulation of TAFI (thrombin-activable fibrinolysis inhibitor)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0017/NQ54402.pdf.
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Zettam, Amin. "Transfert des nitrates du bassin versant de la Tafna (Nord-Ouest de l'Algérie) vers la mer Méditerranée - approche couplant mesures, modélisation et changement d'échelle vers les grands bassins versants Nord africains." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2018. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/20542/1/ZETTAM.pdf.
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Dans des contextes semi-arides et fortement anthropisés la caractérisation et la quantification des transferts de polluants dans les eaux de surface et vers la mer est importante à appréhender pour aider à une meilleure gestion de la ressource en eau dans un contexte de changements environnementaux. Sur le Nord-africain notamment la difficulté d’obtenir des données en quantité et qualité suffisante est difficile. La présente étude s’intéresse aux mécanismes de transfert des nitrates et des sédiments à l’échelle du bassin versant de la Tafna (7200 km2) et des plus grands fleuves de l'Afrique du Nord par une approche couplant les mesures in situ et le modèle SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool). La partie in situ a permis de quantifier la quantité de nitrates apportée par les différents exutoires des sous bassins de la Tafna. Elle a aussi mis en évidence la contribution du bassin versant à l’eutrophisation de la Méditerranée tout en mesurant les quantités de nitrates acheminées vers les eaux marines. Les résultats ont mis en évidence les facteurs qui influent sur les flux et les concentrations en nitrates et notamment l’occupation du sol et les barrages ont une grande influence sur les flux de nitrates dans la Tafna. Les stations d’étude ont été classées selon un gradient d’eutrophisation, les stations amont présentant de fortes concentrations en nitrates, elles s’opposent aux stations avals. Les résultats de simulation sur la période 2003 à 2011 ont montré qu’une grande partie de l'eau de surface de la Tafna provient du ruissellement de surface (59%) et du flux latéral (40%), alors que la contribution des eaux souterraines est insignifiante (1%). La Tafna transfère une quantité annuelle moyenne de 2942 t.an-1 de sédiment vers la mer entre 2003 et 2011. SWAT a montré aussi que les cinq barrages de la Tafna stockent une grande quantité de sédiments, plus de 27 000 t.an-1 (90% des sédiments transportés par la Tafna). Le modèle reproduit aussi le flux de nitrates dans les stations de mesure entre 2003 et 2011. La Tafna transporte une quantité moyenne annuelle de 37 à 86 tN.an-1 jusqu'à la Méditerranée. Sur la base de ces résultats, l’approche de modélisation a pemis d’effectuer un changement d’échelle vers les grands bassins du nord-africain. La simulation a montré que les barrages de la Tafna stockent une quantité importante de nitrates [80 à 486 tN.an- 1], qui représente en moyenne 62% de la quantité totale de nitrates transportée annuellement par le fleuve. L’application du modèle sur les plus grands fleuves d'Afrique du Nord, Moulouya (55 860 km2), Tafna (7 200 km2), Chélif (44 694 km2) Oued el Kbir-Rhumel (8824 km2) et Medjerda (23 213 km2) a permis de représenter les flux d'eau, de sédiments et de nitrate. Les fleuves de cette région transportent une quantité de sédiments de 706 .103tan-1 vers la Mer ou le fleuve Oued Kbir-Rhumel qui contribue à la plus grande quantité (55%).Le flux de nitrates transportés vers la mer est de 5330 tN.an-1, le fleuve Moulouya qui contribue à la plus grande quantité (32%). Les barrages de cette région stockent une grande quantité de sédiments (98%) et de nitrates (39%) transportés par les fleuves vers la Méditerranée.
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Antovic, Jovan P. "Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) in different hemorrhagic and thrombotic conditions /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-540-9/.
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Lisiak, Karolina. "The role of platelets in the activation of TAFI in model thrombi." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=24805.
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Tafi, Tara Christine. "Reclamation Effectiveness at Three Reclaimed Abandoned Mine Sites in Jefferson County, Montana." Thesis, Montana State University, 2006. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2006/tafi/TafiT0806.pdf.
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Montana has an estimated 6000 abandoned mine sites, many with associated waste rock and tailings materials contributing to the release of high levels of acidity, heavy metals, and other contaminants, creating a risk to human health and the environment. Many abandoned mine sites in Montana have been reclaimed, however, little post-reclamation monitoring has been performed, and the effectiveness of reclamation has not been quantified. The goal of this project was to quantify the effectiveness of reclamation at three sites in Jefferson County, Montana based on soil suitability for sustaining plant growth. Vegetation and soil studies were executed using a stratified random sampling design. Vegetation measurements included canopy cover using Daubenmire cover classes, above ground biomass, and species richness/diversity. Co-located soil samples were excavated in increments to a depth of 60 cm, and determinations of pH, electrical conductivity, nutrients, soluble, and total metal levels were made. Canopy cover estimates ranged from 0-120% and biomass production estimates ranged from 0-4583 kg ha-1. Differences in species richness and diversity were observed between sample strata. The chemical properties of the soil varied greatly, with pH values ranging from 2.08 to 7.63, and soluble metal values ranging from <0.1 to1001 mg l-1 for Zn, .02 to 20.81 mg l-1 for Cu, <.01 to 7.39 mg l-1 for Cd, <.05 to 12.26 mg l-1 for As, and <.1 to 7.6 mg l-1 for Pb. Sum of total metal and arsenic (As, Cu, Pb, and Zn) concentrations ranged from 133 to 81448 mg kg-1. Associations between vegetation and soil chemistry were determined using correlation. Significant correlations between vegetation attributes and soil chemistry were found. These results indicate that reclamation at the selected sites was moderately effective in reducing human and environment risk of exposure to harmful contaminants. There are concerns with upward migration of contaminants, and the sustainability of plant communities at all sites within the study. Elevated levels of residual metals and arsenic, as well as low pH conditions may have a deleterious effect on the long-term stability of the reclamation at these sites.
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Benabdelkader, Mohammed el Amine. "Sources et transferts des éléments majeurs et traces dans le bassin versant de la Tafna (Algérie) : approches géochimiques et hydrochimiques." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0046.
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Sous un climat méditerranéen semi-aride caractérisé par des crues intenses et des étiages sévères et une anthropisation croissante, les oueds nord africains subissent des impacts environnementaux importants. La contamination par les éléments traces métalliques (ETM dont terres rares) ne cesse d’augmenter et contribue à dégrader les milieux aquatiques. Les concentrations et la mobilité des éléments traces, les différents processus (hydro)biogéochimiques, ainsi que leur transfert vers l’aval, sont ainsi affectés. Dans ce contexte, pour évaluer l’impact de ces pressions, la Tafna a servi de modèle dans cette thèse pour évaluer la qualité des eaux et sédiments du bassin, identifier les sources et le comportement des ETM visà- vis de différentes conditions hydrologiques. Les ETM (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Cr, Co, Ni, As), les REE (La-Yb) et les éléments majeurs, COP, COD, ainsi que les paramètres physico-chimiques, ont été étudiés au cours de plusieurs campagnes hydrologiques contrastées, pour 10 stations et deux barrages, de l’amont à l’aval du bassin versant. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que la composition chimique des eaux est influencée par la lithologie (présence de calcite et minéraux évaporitiques) qui contribue à l’enrichissement des eaux en Na, Mg, B, Cl, SO4, ainsi qu’en Ca et CO3 par processus de dissolution. Les conditions hydrologiques ainsi que les différents processus géochimiques d’adsorption/désorption, précipitation/dissolution, dilution influencent la teneur et la mobilité des ETM dans les eaux et sédiments, notamment en lien avec la présence des formations carbonatées et évaporitiques. L’enrichissement et les origines de la contamination des sédiments ont été évalués à l'aide d’une combinaison d’indicateurs géochimiques et isotopiques. Une forte contamination en certains ETM (Pb>Cd>Zn>Cu) et un faible enrichissement pour d’autres (Al, Fe, Cr, Co, Ni), ont été mis en évidence. De multiples sources locales de contamination ont été identifiées (déchets industriels, agricoles et domestiques) et une pollution plus diffuse provenant notamment de dépôts atmosphériques (essence, minerais, aérosols). Lors des crues, par le biais de la remobilisation de particules accumulées, les barrages peuvent être soit des sources de contamination secondaires, soit de dilution de la contamination par des particules issues des zones amont très érosives. La géomorphologie a un rôle majeur dans le ralentissement du transfert de la contamination vers l’aval (par sédimentation), mais en hautes eaux on assiste à une remobilisation et un transfert des ETM vers la Méditerranée. Les éléments d'origine naturelle (Co, Ni, Cr, As) sont corrélés à Al, Fe et Mn, suggérant un contrôle par des oxydes ou à des argiles, ceux d'origine anthropique au phosphore (Cd et Zn) ou au soufre (Cu), en lien surtout avec les intrants agricoles. Le cadmium et le Pb sont les métaux les plus extractibles en amont et à l’aval, mais leur disponibilité n’est pas strictement liée au degré de contamination. Les profils de REE dans les sédiments sont contrôlés par la taille des particules et leurs caractéristiques géochimiques. Les LREE sont associées aux minéraux argileux et les HREE à des limons grossiers, ces dernières avec les MREE sont les plus extractibles. Les barrages sont des puits pour les LREE des sédiments retenus et influencent le fractionnement classique du profil d’érosion des REE de l’amont à l’aval. Par la mise en évidence de l'impact des processus naturels (hydrologiques, géochimiques et érosion) et de certaines perturbations anthropiques (rejets, barrages) par les REE et différents outils géochimiques et isotopiques combinés, ce travail innovant pour des systèmes semi-arides carbonatés, pourrait servir à d'autres bassins similaires soumis à diverses pressions (érosion et anthropisation). Des recommandations de référentiel et un ensemble de données et outils géochimiques et statistiques, sont fournisSemi-arid Mediterranean characterized by floods and sever low water and anthropogenic increasing, the North African wadis are exposed to important environment impacts. Traces metal elements contamination (ETM including rare earth elements) continues to increase and contributes to degrade aquatic environment. Traces metals elements concentrations and mobility, different processes (hydro)biogéochimiques as well as their transfer downstream, are thus affected. In this context, to evaluate the impact of these pressures, the Tafna was used as a model in this thesis to evaluate the water and sediments quality of the basin, to identify the sources and the behavior of the ETM in different hydrological conditions. ETM (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, Cr, Co, Ni, As), the REE (La-Yb) and the major elements, COP, COD, as well as the physicochemical parameters, were studied during several hydrological campaigns contrasting, for 10 stations and two dams, from upstream to downstream of the watershed. The results obtained show that the chemical composition of the water is influenced by lithology (presence of calcite and evaporitic minerals) which contributes to the water enrichment by Na, Mg, B, Cl, SO4, as well as by Ca and CO3 through dissolution process. The hydrological conditions and the different geochemical processes of adsorption/desorption, precipitation/dissolution, dilution influence the content and mobility of ETM in water and sediments, particularly in relation to the presence of carbonate and evaporitic formations. Enrichment and origins of sediment contamination were assessed using a combination of geochemical and isotopic indicators. High contamination in some ETM (Pb> Cd> Zn> Cu) and low enrichment for others (Al, Fe, Cr, Co, Ni) was demonstrated. Multiple local contamination sources were identified (industrial, agricultural and domestic wastes) and more diffuse pollution, notably from atmospheric deposition (gasoline, ores, aerosols). During floods, through the remobilization of particles accumulated, dams can be either secondary sources of contamination or dilution of contamination by particles from highly erosive upstream zones. Geomorphology plays a major role in slowing the transfer contamination to downstream (by sedimentation), but in high water condition there is remobilization and transfer of ETM to the Mediterranean. The elements with natural origin (Co, Ni, Cr, As) are correlated with Al, Fe and Mn, suggesting a control by oxides or clays, those of anthropogenic origin with phosphorus (Cd and Zn) or sulfur (Cu), mainly related to agricultural inputs. Cadmium and Pb are the most extractable metals upstream and downstream, but their availability is not strictly related to the degree of contamination. REE profiles in sediments are controlled by particle size and geochemical characteristics (including anomalies). Light rare earths elements were associated with clay minerals and heavy rare earths elements with coarse silt; the medium and heavy rare earths were the most extractable. Dams are wells for light rare earths from retained sediments and influence the traditional fractionation of REE erosion patterns from upstream to downstream. By highlighting the natural processes impact (hydrological, geochemical and erosion) and anthropogenic disruptions (discharges, dams) by the REE and various geochemical and isotopic tools combined, this innovative work for semi-arid carbonate systems could be used for other similar basins subjected to various pressures (erosion and anthropization). Repository recommendations and a set of geochemical and statistical data and tools are provided
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Mutlu, Tunca Gulru. "Doubling:." Phd thesis, METU, 2009. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12610473/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Italian architectural historian and critic, Manfredo Tafuri, with his seminal book Theories and History of Architecture, issued in 1968, started a new era in the architectural discourse. With his eminent theorization of &ldquoarchitecture as the critique of ideology,&rdquo
Tafuri had shifted the critique of architecture to a political and Marxist level and this revolutionary understanding had absolute impacts on the institutionalization of the American critical discourse after 1968. This study is a historical criticism of the said intellectual interaction that examines the related theoretical transformations in discourse through specific publications, exhibitions, and symposiums. The 1972 MoMA exhibition, entitled Italy: The New Domestic Landscape (INDL) was a singular &ldquo
case&rdquo
in this examination since the first encounter of American intellectuals with the English translation of Tafuri&rsquo
s text, introducing a historical language, was through its catalog. Assigning the exhibition as a &ldquo
moment of crisis&rdquo
that had critical determining value for the comprehension of the entire sequence, this study attempts to reveal its significance, by analyzing the INDL catalog with a Tafurian methodology. In its entirety, the present study is a historical criticism of a sequence, which, however, does not refer to a linear flow of time. It is the &ldquo
project of crises&rdquo
in that particular sequence, a &ldquo
historical project&rdquo
in Tafurian sense. The project begins with the &ldquo
doubling&rdquo
of the INDL catalog. It recomposes the process into autonomous narratives, and then establishes an analytical relationship between those and Italophile inclinations in related texts, published in the periodical Oppositions between 1974 and 1984.
20
Seale, Alexander. "An Investigation into Predation, Mortality and Taphonomic Bias inthe Population Distribution of Neptunea contraria from theRed Crag of East Anglia." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-304983.
Full textAbstract:
Predation is a key factor in evolutionary dynamics. It disrupts the potential of fossilisation in prey items and is poorly recorded in the fossil record; failed predation in conical marine gastropods is recorded in scars. Quantifying the scar distribution and collection and taphonomic biases present in the fossil record of the gastropod Neptunea contraria, of the Red Crag Formation, Gelasian, Pleistocene, UK is necessary to approach this dynamic. Neptunea contraria is highly abundant in the Red Crag Formation which is easily accessed. The size and scarring on a large number (450+) of individuals was collected, recorded and measured from pre-existing and new material. The size distribution of Neptunea contraria is non-normal and is enriched in larger individuals, the scar distribution – expected to be Poisson – is not so. Taphonomic and Collection bias had a large influence over the size and scar distributions of Neptunea contraria. Material from the same localities shows very different size distributions. The lack of Poisson distribution suggests different rates of unsuccessful predation over life history of Neptunea contraria, assuming the data is valid.Predation anses vara en viktig faktor inom ekologi och evolution men till vilken grad har effekterna av predation förändrats genom geologisk tid? Det centrala fokuset i denna studie ligger i att frambringa en förståelse av både population- och predationsfördelningen bland marina snäckor av arten Neptunea contraria av Pleistocen ålder från Red Crag-formationen, East Anglia, Storbritannien.Framgångsrik predation resulterar i förstörelsen av snigeln och dess livshistoria registreras i deras skal. Misslyckad predation bevaras i skalen bland individer som överlevt genom ärrbildningar. Det finns ett okänt samband mellan misslyckad och framgångsrik predation.Samlingen av fossilt material från Sedgwick-museet i Cambridge, Storbritannien, ligger till grund för denna studie. Detta material är ofullständigt (d.v.s. material saknas) och noterbart fragmenterat vilket orsakats av nedbrytande processer, därav tafonomi. Denna studie belyser flertalet källor som ger upphov till ett ofullständigt fossilt register, därav processer direkt relaterade till fossilisering och antropogen insamling. Genom att jämföra flertalet uppsättningar av fossilt material som insamlats av olika personer så kan graden av bias i förhållande till insamlingen undersökas. Resultatet av denna studie visar att samlingen av fossila sniglar som för närvarande finns på Sedgwick-museet är ofullständig. Detta är ett tillstånd som uppkommit delvis på grund av inkomplett insamling.Fördelningen av ärr orsakade av misslyckad predation förväntades följa en poissonfördelning. Denna förutsägelse motsägs sannerligen av nuvarande data. Troligtvis har detta förorsakats av en låg ”miss-lyckad predationsfrekvens”, vilket antyder att graden av predation inte är konstant.Sniglar av en större storlek saknar ärr på den övre delen av sina skal, vilket tyder på att frekvensen av misslyckad predation var låg i de juvenila stadierna. (
21
Neurdin-Trescartes, Jacqueline. "Le remplissage sédimentaire du bassin néogène du Chélif, modèle de référence de bassins intramontagneux." Pau, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PAUU3021.
Full textAbstract:
L'étude du remplissage sédimentaire du bassin néogène du Chelif (Algérie) me fut confiée par J. Delfaud. Elle comprend 3 grandes étapes: 1) analyse des données de terrain; 2) analyses des sédiments silico-clastiques en laboratoire; 3) interprétation des résultats, hypothèses, modélisation. 1. Le levé de presque une centaine de coupes a permis de différencier 3 mégaséquences (5e ordre) : au miocène la MS#I ante-nappes telliennes, la MS#I#I post-nappes telliennes; au pliocène, la MS#I#I#I. Aux ordres inférieurs, elles se divisent en séquences majeures (ordre 4) et en séquences (ordre 3) ou formations. Ce découpage nous a amené à établir une typologie scalaire des discontinuités. Les environnements sédimentaires miocènes (ordres 2 et 3) ayant existé sur les marges N et S du bassin montrent une grande disparité entre les 2 marges, entretenue par une tectonique intense au N accompagnée de volcanisme. La tectonique synsédimentaire conditionne le devenir du bassin et son remplissage. 2. En laboratoire, nous avons affiné les hypothèses d'interprétation formulées sur le terrain. Les méthodes classiques : calcimétrie, granulométrie, morphoscopie, exoscopie, minéraux lourds, minéraux argileux, ont été utilisées. Les séquences (ordre 2) sont caractérisées par un ensemble de paramètres physiques et chimiques : le milieu ne pouvant être défini par un seul paramètre, mais par un ensemble regroupant de multiples mécanismes. 3. Un modèle de bassin intramontagneux se dégage de ces investigations sédimentologiques et tectoniques. Quelques caractéristiques typiques ressortent : existence de dépôts détritiques grossiers, apparition d'une sédimentation chimique, importance de la toposéquence dans la répartition des minéraux argileux, subsistance d'un climat subtropical montagnard, tectonique en transpression ou en transtension, influence de l'eustatisme. Nous avons retracé l'histoire éavolutive de ce bassin en le resituant par rapport au système d'Alboran.
22
Mami, Amina. "Impact des changements climatiques sur la disponibilité et la gestion des ressources en eau : cas du bassin versant de la Tafna." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020INPT0110.
Full textAbstract:
Le Nord-Ouest Algérien figure parmi les zones les plus sensibles aux variabilités et changements climatiques, dont la baisse de précipitations a été marquée le long du Nord de l’Afrique. Une mise en place du modèle conceptuel semi-distribué SWAT avec une calibration et une validation sur une période de vingt neuf ans (1981-1995 pour la calibration et 1996-2010 pour la validation) est effectuée au niveau du bassin versant de la Tafna. L’utilisation et l’évaluation de la performance des méthodes de correction du biais des modèles climatiques régionaux du projet Cordex-Africa, et leur impact sur l’hydrologie pendant la période de référence a fait l’objet de tout un chapitre afin d’étudier les changements climatiques et leurs impacts sur le cycle hydrologique pendant la période future 2020-2099 au niveau la région étudiée. Les tendances les plus significatives ont été marquées pour les baisses de précipitations tout au long du 21ème siècle. Ces baisses ont influencé toutes les composantes du cycle hydrologique du débit des cours d’eau jusqu’à l’évapotranspiration. Le modèle SWAT nous a permis de représenter à l’échelle temporelle ainsi que spatiale la distribution des différentes composantes hydrologiques, débits des cours d’eau, ruissellement en tout point des sous-bassins versants, les précipitations, l’écoulement latéral, la teneur en eau dans le sol, et l’évapotranspiration pendant la période de référence et les tendances de changements pendant les périodes futures étudiées dans ce travail. Ces résultats nous ont permis de définir l’impact des diminutions des pluies sur ces composantes hydrologiques durant les deux mois traités dans cette étude Janvier et Juillet, ainsi que de constater la distribution, les tendances et les interactions de l’ensemble des mois de l’année. Les composantes hydrologiques (ruissellement, évapotranspiration…etc.) sont impactés par la baisse des pluies durant la période future d’environs -35%, cet impact est visible, pendant les mois humides avec une baisse du débit des cours d’eau et de la teneur en eau dans le sol variant autours de -40% et l’écoulement latéral ainsi que l’évapotranspiration d’environ -30%. Toutefois, la surestimation des pluies sur les projections des RCMs pendant la période estivale a inversé la tendance vers une augmentation des pluies ainsi que les composantes hydrologiques. Afin d’avoir une vue générale sur les résultats des tendances obtenues dans cette étude, nous avons évalué le degré de sécheresse à l’aide d’indices de sécheresse standardisés, en utilisant certaines composantes telles que la pluie, l’évapotranspiration et le ruissellement. Ces indices utilisés nous ont permis d’attribuer une estimation de sécheresse comprise entre modérée à forte à moyen et long terme, pour le bassin versant de la TafnaNorth West Algeria is one of the areas most sensitive to climate variability and change, where the decrease in rainfall has been marked along the North of Africa. The SWAT semi-distributed conceptual model is implemented with calibration and validation over a considerable period of time at the level of the Tafna watershed. The use and performance evaluation of the bias correction methods of the regional climate models of Cordex-Africa project, and their impact on hydrology during the reference period has been the subject of a whole chapter in order to study climate changes and their impacts on the hydrological cycle during the future period 2020-2099 at the scale of the studied region. The most significant trends were marked for decreases in precipitation throughout the 21st century. These decreases affected all components of the hydrological cycle from the river discharge to evapotranspiration. The SWAT model allowed us to represent on a temporal as well as spatial scale the distribution of the various hydrological components, river discharge, surface runoff at any point of the sub-watersheds, precipitation, lateral flow, soil water content, and evapotranspiration during the reference period and trends changes during future periods studied in this work. These results allowed us to define the impact of rainfall reduction on these hydrological components during the two months covered in this study, January and July, as well as to see the distribution, trends and interactions of all the months of the year. The hydrological components (runoff, evapotranspiration, etc.) are impacted by the decrease in rainfall during the future period of around -35%, this impact is visible, during the wet months with a decline in the river discharge and the soil water content varying towards -40%, and the lateral flow as well as the evapotranspiration of around -30%. However, the overestimation of RCMs during the summer period reversed the trend towards increased rainfall as well as hydrological components. In order to have a general view of the trend results obtained in this study, we evaluated the degree of drought using standardized drought indices, using certain components such as precipitation, evapotranspiration and runoff. These indices used allowed us to assign an estimation of drought comprise between moderate and severe on the Tafna basin
23
Santamaría, Ortiz MªAmparo. "Implicación del TAFI y el polimorfismo 46 C/T del gen F12 en la enfermedad tromboembólica arterial." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/4481.
Full textAbstract:
La enfermedad tromboembólica arterial es una de las enfermedades de mayor morbilidad y mortalidad en los países desarrollados. La identificación de los factores de riesgo asociados al incremento del desarrollo de esta patología es de gran importancia, tanto para el conocimiento de su fisiopatología como para llevar a cabo prevención primaria y secundaria. Tanto el TAFI funcional como el polimorfismo 46 C/T del gen F12 son dos factores que se han relacionado con enfermedad tromboenbólica venosa, pero no exístía información sobre su asociación con la enfermedad tromboembólica arterial incluyendo la enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica y el síndrome coronario agudo.Realizamos un estudio de asociación , caso-control, en el que incluimos pacientes con el primer episodio de síndrome coronario agudo y enfermedad cerebrovavscular isquémica. Y los objetivos fueron:
1.Conocer las variaciones del TAFI funcional en función de la edad, sexo y factores de riesgo cardiovasculares convencionales en población española y establecer las correlaciones del TAFI funcional con diferentes factores de la hemostasia.
2.Existencia de asociación entre los niveles de TAFI funcional y el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica y síndromes coronarios agudos.
3.Establecer la prevalencia en la población española del polimorfismo del 46 C/T del gen F12 y la asociación entre el genotipo del polimorfismo del 46 C/T del gen F12 con los niveles de factor XII plasmático.
4.Investigar la asociación entre el genotipo del polimorfismo del 46 C/T del gen F12 y los niveles de Factor XII con el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica y síndromes coronarios agudos. Los resultados obtenidos fueron:
1.Los niveles de TAFI funcional son inferiores en mujeres españolas menores de 30 años, mientras que en los hombres no se han encontrado variaciones en función de la edad. No observamos variaciones del TAFI funcional en función de los diferentes factores de riesgo cardiovasculares. Tampoco los niveles de TAFI funcional mostraron correlación significativa con diferentes factores de la hemostasia.
2 Niveles de TAFI funcional por encima de 126% se asociaron a un riesgo 4 veces superior de desarrollar enfermedad coronaria aguda.Niveles de TAFI funcional superiores a 120% se asociaron a un riesgo 6 veces superior de presentar enfermedad cerebrovascular aguda
3. La prevalencia del genotipo C/C en población control del síndrome coronario agudo y la enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica fue de 60% y 61% y se asoció a niveles de Factor XII entre 124% y 127%, respectivamente. La prevalencia del genotipo C/T en población control fue del 38% y se asocio a niveles de factor XII entre 95% y 98%. La prevalencia del genotipo T/T en población control osciló entre un 2% y 3% y se asocio a niveles entre 58% y 52.5%.
4. La homozigosis para el alelo T del polimorfismo 46 C/T del gen F12 se asocia a un riesgo 4 veces superior de desarrollar enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica. Los niveles de Factor XII inferiores a 74% se asociaron a un riesgo 3 veces superior de desarrollar enfermedad cerebrovascular isquémica. La homozigosis para el alelo T del polimorfismo 46 C/T del gen F12 se asocia a un riesgo 6 veces superior de desarrollar enfermedad coronaria aguda. Los niveles de Factor XII inferiores a 68% se asociaron a un riesgo casi 5 veces superior de desarrollar enfermedad coronaria aguda.
Por ello, podemos concluir que el aumento del TAFI esta relacionado con un aumento del riesgo de desarrollar enfermedad arterial, y puede ser considerado como un nuevo biomarcador de riesgo de enfermedad tromboembólica arterial y que el polimorfismo 46 C/T del gen F12 puede considerarse como un nuevo factor de riesgo genético para desarrollar enfermedad tromboembólica arterial y debe de tenerse en cuenta a la hora de incluirlo en los estudios de trombofilia.
Arterial thrombotic disease is the most frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. There is good evidence that an imbalance in the hemostatic system can lead to arterial thrombosis. The arterial thrombotic diseases such as ischemic stroke or acute coronary syndrome arise from two processes, atherosclerosis and thrombosis. The identification of factors associated with the risk of developing arterial thrombosis will lead to a better understanding of the mechanism of thrombotic disease. Ultimately these data should be translated to the clinic for the prevention and treatment of arterial thromboembolic disease. Functional TAFI and the 46 C/T polymorphism in the gene F12 are two factors related to venous thomboembolic disease. Scarce information exists about their association with the risk of arterial thomboembolic disease such as ischemic stroke or acute coronary syndrome.
We performed a case-control study with patients that were between 20 and 80 years old and each had at least one episode of ischemic stroke or acute coronary syndrome. The objectives were:
1- To determine the variations of Functional TAFI associated with age, sex, conventional cardiovascular risk factors and its correlation with other haemostatic risk factors.
2- To establish the association of Functional TAFI levels with the risk of ischemic stroke and acute coronary syndrome.
3- To establish the prevalence of the 46 C/T polymorphism in the F12gene in the Spanish population and the association of the different genotypes with Factor XIIc levels.
4- To investigate the association of the 46 C/T polymorphism in the F12 gene and Factor XII levels with the risk of ischemic stroke and acute coronary artery disease.
The results were:
1. Younger women showed lower levels of functional TAFI levels compared with older women. We did not find differences of functional TAFI levels among different age groups of men. No correlation of functional TAFI levels with conventional cardiovascular risk factors or other haemostatic factors were found. Only women with dyslipidemia showed higher levels of Functional TAFI.
2. Functional TAFI levels above 126% were associated with a 4-fold increased risk of acute coronary syndrome and Functional TAFI levels above 120% were associated with a 6-fold increased risk of ischemic stroke.
3. The prevalence of the genotype C/C of the 46 C/T polymorphism in the F12 gene in the Spanish population was 60% and this genotype was associated with Factor XIIc levels between 124% and 127%. The prevalence of the genotype C/T of the 46 C/T polymorphism in the F12 gene in the Spanish population was 38% and this genotype was associated with Factor XIIc levels between 95% and 98%. The prevalence of the genotype T/T of the 46 C/T polymorphism in the F12 gene in the Spanish population was 2%, and this genotype was associated with Factor XIIc levels between 58% and 52.5%.
4. Homozygosis of the T allele of 46 C/T polymorphism in the gene F12 was associated with a 4-fold increase risk of ischemic stroke and a 6-fold increase risk of acute coronary syndrome. Factor XII levels lower than 74% were associated with a 3-fold increase risk of ischemic stroke and Factor XII levels lower than 68% were associated with a 5-fold increase risk of acute coronary syndrome.
Therefore we may safely conclude that high Functional TAFI levels are associated with a high risk of arterial thromboembolic disease.Thus, it can be considered a new biomarker of thomboembolic risk. And the 46 C/T polymorphism in the F12 gene may be considered as a new genetic risk factor of arterial thromboembolic disease in the Spanish population and should be included in thrombophilic workups.
24
Durand, Anne. "Caractérisation par IRM précoce de la synergie tPA - inhibiteur du TAFI dans un modèle d'ischémie focale thromboembolique murin." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10320/document.
Full textAbstract:
L'efficacité du rtPA dans le traitement de l’ischémie aigue est bien reconnue avec des effets secondaires graves nécessitant l’évaluation d’autres stratégies. Un modèle d’ischémie cérébrale focale a été décrit, réalisé par injection in situ de thrombine. Dans notre première étude, nous avons utilisé l’imagerie par résonance magnétique multimodale pour documenter les lésions et les zones de pénombre dans ce modèle. Malgré une occlusion de l’artère reproductible et une hypoperfusion marquée chez tous les sujets, une reperfusion spontanée est constatée dans 38% des cas, rendant l’IRM incontournable dans l’évaluation de ce modèle. La deuxième étude a comparé l'efficacité d’un TAFI inhibiteur seul ou en combinaison avec le rtPA à faible dose. Nous avons montré que la combinaison du TAFI inhibiteur avec le rtPA à faible dose n'est pas aussi efficace que la dose standard de rtPA, avec une tendance positive, tandis que le TAFI inhibiteur seul n'est pas efficace du tout. Le modèle thromboembolique présente un intérêt particulier dans l'évaluation des stratégies thérapeutiques associées au rtPA pour améliorer la thrombolyse, surtout lorsqu'il est évalué par un suivi longitudinal en IRMThe benefit of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) treatment in stroke is well known with serious side effects requiring the evaluation of alternative strategies. Injection of thrombin in the middle cerebral artery of mice has been proposed as a new model of thromboembolic stroke. In the first study, we used multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), performed immediately after thrombin injection, to document occlusion and area at risk in this model. Despite similar MCA occlusion and marked hypoperfusion, half of animals showed a cortical lesion on DWI, while the other half demonstrated no or very limited lesion. Therefore, MRI measurement of basal lesion size is required to use this animal model in therapeutic studies. The second study compared efficacy between TAFI inhibitor alone and TAFI inhibitor in combination with low-dose rtPA. In conclusion, we showed that the combination of TAFI-I with low-dose rtPA is not as effective as the standard dose of rtPA, with a positive trend, while TAFI inhibition alone is not effective at all. The present thromboembolic model is of particular interest in assessing strategies rtPA association to improve thrombolysis, especially when coupled with longitudinal MRI assessment
25
Ménès, Jean-Claude. "La coalition du marquis de la Rouërie (1791-1792)." Rennes 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN20058.
Full textAbstract:
En 1791, déçu par les Puissances étrangères, Calonne favorisa la constitution de forces armées. L'une, constituée d'émigrés et de mercenaires, pour envahir la France par l'Est, fut composée de trois armées en 1791-1792, celles de Mirabeau-Tonneau, de Condé et des Princes. L'autre force armée serait le fruit de la coalition du marquis de la Roue͏̈rie. Ce devait être une légion de plus de 4000 hommes levés en Bretagne, équipés et soldés, qui étoufferait les velléités de guerre civile dans cette province lors de l'invasion des émigrés et ferait une puissante diversion dans l'Ouest pour les seconder. La Prusse entra en guerre, ce qui augmenta considérablement la puissance du front de l'est. Mais, La Roue͏̈rie échoua dans son projet de constitution d'une légion, ce qu'il réalisa au cours d'une réunion qu'il tint le 27 mai 1792, pour établir le bilan réel de ses forces. Cependant, jusqu'au 11 octobre, il s'obstina à vouloir mobiliser. La coalition de La Roue͏̈rie est le sujet de ce travail. Son début est consacré à l'étude du projet et de son résultat. Les causes de l'échec sont appréhendées. Après le 27 mai, il ne s'agit plus que d'histoire événementielle, mais non dénuée d'intérêt, car elle touche aux causes de Valmy et apporte un éclairage sur le personnage de Danton, de son attitude avant le 10 août à celle qu'il eut envers Brunswyck après le 20 septembreIn 1791, Calonne, disappointed fy foreign powers, favoured the creation of armed forces. One of them, formed of émigrés and mercenaries in order to invade France on its eastern frontier, consisted of three armies in 1791-1792, under the orders of Mirabeau-Tonneau, Condé and the Princes. Another one, which was to be the result of the coalition of the marquis de la Roue͏̈rie, was supposed to be a legion of more than 4000 men, raised in Brittany, who would be equipped and paid. The task of this legion would be, on the one hand, to stifle any sign of civil war in the province when the invasion of the émigré army took place and, on the other hand, to create a powerful diversion in western France so as to second the offensive of the latter. Prussia went to war, which considerably reinforced the eastern front. But La Roue͏̈rie failed in his attempt to set up a legion, which became obvious to all those who attented the meeting held on May 27th 1792 in order to assess the strength of their forces. Nevertheless, until October 11th, he obstinately maintained his intention to mobilize his partisans. The coalition of La Roue͏̈rie is the subject-matter of this work. At the beginning, it deals with La Roue͏̈rie's plan and its result, and the causes of its failure are touched upon. After May 27th, it is only a matter of factual history which is not however entirely devoid of interest as it must be taken into account when studying Valmy and as it throws some light on the attitude of Danton before August 10th 1792 and then until his negociation with Brunswyck after September 20th
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Atkinson, John. "Can the inhibition of TAFI affect kidney plasmin activity, ECM accumulation and the progression of experimental chronic kidney disease?" Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4845/.
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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterised by the pathological accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins leading to progressive kidney scarring via glomerular and tubular basement membrane expansion. Increased ECM synthesis and deposition, coupled with reduced ECM breakdown contribute to the elevated ECM level in CKD. Previous pre-clinical studies have demonstrated that increased plasmin activity has a beneficial effect in the protein overload model of CKD. As plasmin activation is down regulated by the action of the thrombin activated fibrinolytic inhibitor (TAFI), we tested the hypothesis that inhibition of TAFI might increase plasmin activity & reduce ECM accumulation in an in vitro model of glucose induced ECM expansion. Treatment of NRK52E tubular epithelial cells with increasing concentrations of glucose resulted in a 40% increase in TAFI activity, a 38% reduction in plasmin activity and a subsequent increase in ECM accumulation. In this model system, application of the previously reported TAFI inhibitor UK-396082 [(2S)-5-Amino-2-[(1-n-propyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]pentanoic acid] caused a reduction in TAFI activity, increased plasmin activity and induced a parallel decrease in ECM levels. In contrast, RNAi knockdown of plasmin resulted in an increase in ECM levels. An evaluation of serum TAFI and plasmin activity from individuals with CKD indicated a strong correlation between elevated TAFI and reduced plasmin levels with renal impairment. These findings correlated with similar observations made in the rat following sub-total nephrectomy. Pharmacological inhibition of TAFI with UK-396082 reduced glomerular and tubulointerstitial ECM deposition. Renal function, as measured by an increase in creatinine clearance and decrease in proteinuria, and survival improved with TAFI inhibition. Taken together, the data support the importance of the fibrinolytic axis in regulating renal fibrosis and point to a potentially important therapeutic role for TAFI inhibition.
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Johnsson, Anders. "Movements." Thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-262838.
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This thesis project explores the question of the death of architecture; the declaration of the lost abilities of architecture to achieve political influence and the architect as a social actor. As I have found myself in agreement with this Tafurian perspective on the subject, I wanted to use this thesis project to explore the question of architecture and its political potential, as well as breaking from the paralyzing condition of the incentives of architecture's incapabilities. This, in suggesting that architecture can act as a catalyst for doing things differently. The project investigates, on the one hand, how a building can encourage political action and engagement, and, on the other, how ideological ideas and intentions can concretize spatially, materially and aesthetically, The project is an design exploration concretized in a specific architectural proposal – a building for a political organization operating in the city of Stockholm.
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Wahlstedt, Sabina. "Fragment av forntida Helgö : En osteoarkeologisk och tafonomisk studie med fokus på djur, rum, praktik och handling utifrån animalt benmaterial från Husgrupp 4 på Helgö." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Osteoarkeologiska forskningslaboratoriet, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-173528.
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Zooarchaeological material from prehistoric settlements usually make up a large amount of the archaeological record. Despite this, research on the material is seldom utilized to its full potential. This is very much the case for the famous iron age settlement at Helgö. Therefore, in this thesis animal bones recovered from building group 4 at Helgö were analyzed using both osteological and taphonomic, as well as spatial variables as a mean to gain a better understanding of various aspects of the settlement and life at prehistoric Helgö. The results from the zooarchaeological analysis provide insight in social activities and practices concerning both human and animal interactions. The animals are found to have been an important part of the lives of the people at Helgö. Both spatial and structural differences in the material reveal various attitudes towards the animals and bring to light a diversity of activities and practices surrounding the settlement and Helgö.
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Santos, Izabela Ribeiro. "Avaliação dos níveis de TAFI (inibidor da fibrinolise ativado pela trombina), do PAI-1 (inibidor do ativador do plasminogênio tipo 1) e frequência de seus polimorfismos na dislipidemia." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-9C6GDL.
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Cardiovascular diseases are a public health concern with high morbidity and mortality, affected by risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, smoking, physical inactivity, hypertension, obesity and dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia is defined as alterations in lipid metabolism that change the levels of lipoproteins, constituting a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and its complications. Moreover, it affects the haemostatic system, especially in the fibrinolysis. Several proteins comprising the fibrinolytic system regulates fibrinolysis by acting indirectly on the degradation of the fibrin clot, specially the inhibitor by Thrombin Activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor (TAFI) and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1). Increased levels of TAFI have been associated with cardiovascular events, as well as increased serum PAI-1, which is already considered as a risk factor for such events. This study evaluated the association of acquired risk factors, the polymorphisms Thr325Ile, Ala147Thr and +1542C/G in the TAFI gene and 4G/5G in the PAI-1 gene and its plasma levels with dyslipidemia through the investigation of 109 dyslipidemic and 105 normolipemic individuals. We conducted analyses of biochemical and lipidic profile, as well as hemostatic parameters (TAFI and PAI-1 by ELISA) and molecular analysis using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to verify the genotypic and allelic frequencies for the polymorphisms studied. It was observed that hypertension, increased body mass index and menopause are more common in dyslipidemic individuals and they have higher TAFI levels. The alleles 325Ile, Ala147 and C showed association with lower TAFI levels. Ala147Thr and Thr325Ile polymorphisms are independently associated with dyslipidemia in males. The 4G/5G polymorphism and PAI-1 levels were not related with the disease. The results suggest that only TAFI may be independently associated with dyslipidemia.As doenças cardiovasculares constituem um problema de saúde pública, com morbidade e mortalidade elevadas, afetadas por fatores de risco associados, como o diabetes mellitus, tabagismo, sedentarismo, hipertensão arterial, obesidade e as dislipidemias. Estas se definem como alterações do metabolismo lipídico que modificam os níveis das lipoproteínas, constituindo um dos principais fatores de risco para a aterosclerose e suas complicações. A dislipidemia influencia o sistema hemostático, especialmente na redução da fibrinólise. Várias proteínas compõem o sistema fibrinolítico e regulam a fibrinólise ao atuarem indiretamente na degradação do coágulo de fibrina, em especial o Inibidor da Fibrinólise Ativado pela Trombina (TAFI) e o Inibidor do Ativador do Plasminogênio Tipo 1 (PAI-1). Níveis aumentados de TAFI têm sido associados aos eventos cardiovasculares, assim como o aumento da concentração plasmática de PAI-1, o qual já é considerado, na literatura, como um fator de risco para estes eventos. Este estudo avaliou a associação de fatores de risco adquiridos, dos polimorfismos Thr325Ile, Ala147Thr e +1542C/G no gene TAFI e 4G/5G no gene PAI-1 e seus níveis plasmáticos com a dislipidemia investigando 109 indivíduos dislipidêmicos e 105 normolipêmicos. Foram realizadas análises bioquímicas do perfil lipídico e análises hemostáticas dos parâmetros TAFI e PAI-1 pelo método de ELISA, bem como análises moleculares, pela técnica de Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR), para verificar as frequências genotípicas e alélicas para os polimorfismos estudados. Foi observado que, dentre os fatores de risco, a hipertensão, o aumento do índice de massa corporal e a menopausa são mais frequentes em indivíduos dislipidêmicos e estes possuem maiores níveis de TAFI. Os alelos 325Ile, Ala147 e C foram associados a menores níveis plasmáticos da proteína. Os polimorfismos Thr325Ile e Ala147Thr demonstraram associação independente com a dislipidemia em indivíduos do sexo masculino. Para o polimorfismo 4G/5G e os níveis de PAI-1 não foi encontrada a mesma relação com a doença. Os resultados sugerem que apenas o TAFI está associado independente à dislipidemia.
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Kim, Paula. "A novel TAFIa assay and its use to measure TAFI activation in vivo in primate models and the determination of the kinetics of TAFIa-catalyzed release of bound plasminogen from soluble fibrin degradation products." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/863.
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Alfsdotter, Clara. "Bad Death at Sandby borg : A Bioarchaeological Analysis of Intergroup Violence and Postmortem Agency of Unburied Corpses." Licentiate thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper (KV), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-73396.
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The subject of corpses from mass violence is surprisingly unexplored, even though the materiality of the corpse carries strong symbolic capital in conflicts. The aim of my PhD research is to create new knowledge about the implications of unburied corpses that stem from intergroup conflicts, and subsequently to add knowledge concerning how intergroup violence is organised to achieve desired social agendas. In the licentiate thesis presented here, I research the conditions for postmortem agency and how treatment of corpses can be studied in prehistory, specifically through the material remains of unburied corpses from the Sandby borg massacre. The Sandby borg case study is explored through a bioarchaeological perspective. Inside the Iron Age ringfort, the remains of at least 26 individuals have been recovered hitherto. Several of the dead display traces of lethal intergroup violence. By integrating osteology, archaeology, taphonomy and social theories, I show how bioarchaeological research can contribute to the understanding of past postmortem agency in relation to intergroup violence as a social process. The thesis is comprised of four articles.
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Marie, Guillaume. "L'évolution des formes et de la morphodynamique en domaine littoral volcanique : recherches dans l'archipel d'Hawaï." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010123.
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Différents cycles ont été reconnus dans l'évolution des littoraux volcaniques de l'archipel d'Hawaï en lien avec des changements dans les processus d'érosion. Le développement d'un delta de lave dépend de l'extension du tapis de débris formés lors de réactions hydromagmatiques, elle-même tributaire de la topographie sous-marine. L'effondrement du delta lors d'un mouvement de masse dans le soubassement engendre des risques importants pour les promeneurs lorsque la forme est en construction et durant sa première année d'inactivité. La stabilisation rapide de l'assise de débris en quelques années diminue fortement le recul de la falaise qui s'effectue désormais par le biais des agents marins et de la gravité, surtout lors d'éboulements et de basculements de pans de falaise, dont l'occurrence est décroissante.Le recul par genèse de grottes et d'arches est également courant, entraînant une irrégularisation longitudinale du trait de côte avant sa simplification. La formation de gradins par délogement latéral élabore une plate-forme en escalier. Des banquettes d'érosion marine de haute mer, en partie structurales, peuvent aussi être façonnées, mais elles sont rapidement immergées par l'élévation du niveau relatif de la mer consécutive à la subsidence volcano-isostasique. Sur le long terme, les glissements de terrain deviennent plus fréquents sur les grandes falaises plus anciennes.
Les formes de détail se développent également sur ces littoraux ayant subi une plus longue évolution. Lorsque les conditions sont favorables, des formes d'alvéolisation peuvent néanmoins être façonnées rapidement, notamment lorsque la texture plus résistante de la croûte superficielle permet la mise en surplomb. Les processus de météorisation semblent être confinés au niveau des discontinuités de la roche. Leur efficacité différenciée selon la durée d'émersion, notamment celle de l'haloclastie, façonne des plates-formes à rempart externe initiées à partir de banquettes d'origine eustatique.
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Studencová, Alžběta. "Porovnání hydraulických vlastností kavernózně zvětralých hornin do tvarů tafoni a voštin." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-369000.
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Forms of cavernous weathering - tafoni and honeycombs - belong to long-term investigated and discussed phenomena in geology. The reason for the difference in size between few centimetres- long honeycombs and the several-metres-long tafoni has not been yet studied. In my master thesis I compared the hydraulic properties of rocks with developed honeycombs and tafoni. The research consists of field measurements (measurement of suction pressures and capillary water absorption using Karsten tube) and laboratory measurements on tafoni and honeycomb samples (retention curve measurement, capillary water absorption, water vapour diffusion rate and saturated hydraulic conductivity). I have been studing honeycombs from various sites in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin and tafoni from three different sites: Carbon Arkoses near Kralupy nad Vltavou, Cambrian Sandstone in Petra (Jordan) and Tunnel Spring Tuff in Crystal Peak (Utah). The measurements showed that values of suction pressure are far higher inside tafoni than inside honeycombs. This observation corresponds to different retention curves of studied rocks: steeper retention curve for honeycomb's quartz sandstone than for fine-grained arkosic sandstones to arkoses with tafoni. In the other part of my research I have compared the properties of hydrophobic...
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Svobodová, Eliška. "Vlhkost a její transport v připovrchové zóně kvádrového pískovce." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-267867.
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The thesis deals with moisture transport in porous medium of quartz sandstone. Capillary water and its movement is crucial for processes such as salt and frost weathering, growth of organisms and development of honeycombs and tafone. However, moisture transport is still not well described. I focused particularly on two new methods applied to sandstone investigation. In the laboratory I studied moisture transport in sandstone samples by means of repeated injection of uranine solution. I observed the evolution of evaporation front based on the changes in solution concentration indicated by difference in color of uranine solution. Additionally I investigated moisture content in the shallow subsurface of sandstone outcrops in the field using suction pressure and moisture content measurements by microtensiometers and TDR in three locations in the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin. Uranine proved to be an excellent tracer for visualization of the evaporation front geometry and its evolution in time. The results suggest that moisture transport is considerably affected by the presence of biofilms which are hydrophobic and retain moisture transport to surface. In addition, the values of suction pressure measured in honeycombs and a tafone are in agreement with the salt weathering model proposed by Huinink et al. (2004).
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Sommerová, Anna. "Srážení solí v přípovrchové zóně pískovce a dalších porézních hornin a simulace transportu a výparu vody." Master's thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-369004.
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The main goal of this thesis was to find and compare salt-forming ions from samples of a subsurface zone of sandstone and other porous rocks. The surveyed samples came from different environments (humid and arid climate) from different locations in the Czech Republic, Jordan and the United States of America. Identification of various types of salt was based on evaluation of chemical analyzes of leached samples. Furthermore a laboratory experiment in which I used a fluorescein dye to observe the capillary rise and evaporation in unsaturated samples of sandstone was carried out. The salt content in the Czech Republic humid environment locations is generally lower than the one in foreign arid climate locations. Halit dominates in the locations Petra and Crystal Peak. In the other locations sulphate minerals dominate. The salts containing aluminum - alums were determined in the Czech Republic in the area of Czech Paradise and the surrounding. Relatively high concentrations of nitrate mineral nitratine were identified in the Devil's Pulpit location in Pilsen, the Czech Republic. From the observation of capillary rising experiments performed with artificially created honeycombs, I conclude that the height of the capillary rise is crucial for the transport of solution, and at a certain capillary height,...
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Der, Chiou Ming, and 邱明德. "Modern Architecture Criticism Research of Manfredo Tafuri." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27058012575383860751.
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碩士中原大學
建築學系
87
Abstract: Tafuri says:"no history,only criticism", which means we can not rebuild the really history process, only through continuous criticism to approach historical reality. Concerning the history, mythology and symbol under wrenched ideology, critical architecture history philosophy and criticism are the historical laborious plan of removing mystical mask. In Tafuri''s critical history philosophy and criticism, "architecture" is not only the fragile constructure technician, the experience of sight, form and style, but also include the whole culture, history, the process of social symbolization, convert of mythology, style, characteristic, fashion etc, the most point of architecture criticism is to rebuild and disbuild the continuous plan of imaginable process. However, "architecture criticism" is a process of recognization, also is objective execution of subjective ideology. Most people can understand the work due to bring inborn sense , meanwhile, by experence accumulation, most people can achieve objective criticism using comparative analysis due to the difference between sense background and thoughtful culture cause the pluralistic development of criticism thought. Therefore, architecture criticism of subjective ideology will face emptiness of none definite opinion, I think, only rely upon reflection and considerations of historical philosophy can face emptiness. Although few scholar considered that statement of architecture criticism always can not complete with everthing and without enough satisfactory and limitation. However, I think that architecture criticism can remove human thoughful shackles and achieve communication between social strata. This kind of critical historical opion and dialectic consideration are continuous reformatory modernism. Concerning condition and essence of modern architecture, I think which can not define to any type, every period has modern concept and technician, which are smash and detached ideology and productive process, also are a kind of continuous, laborious, multiply endlessly, random critical modernity. Current development of modern architecture is a revolution which is dependent on modernity. Therefore, architecture criticism is the modern statement under review different space representation and distinguish, communication, criticism and reverse of space culture type. According to abstract acknowledge build and concrete space practice, research objective foundation in pluralistic ideology.
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Silva, Diogo Henrique Lopes Pereira da. "Ideologia e desencanto - Vocação Política da Arquitectura em Manfredo Tafuri." Dissertação, 2014. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/76851.
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ResumoIdeologia e Desencanto.A viagem que percorre a arquitectura entre a obstinação delirante de querer ser coisa e a autoconsciência da sua iminente morte.Uma oposição que é acima de tudo dialéctica e que incorpora a con-tradição como matéria produtiva, procura informar a arquitectura da sua autónoma vocação política.Encontrando em Manfredo Tafuri a figura magistral do materialis-mo que persegue, os conflitos que no seu rasto se revelam tornaram-se perturbadores, inquietantes na medida suficiente à convicção de uma impe-rativa transformação presente.Quais os instrumentos efectivos da sua análise? De que condição sua nos informa a história? Para quem se dirige? Em que sentido vincula compromissos? O que tem para nos dizer? Qual a sua significação? Em que campo se desenvolve a acção na qual se produz? Que pode ela ser capaz de transformar?Provocações que incitam a abertura de um rasgo de lucidez na opa-cidade da produção da arquitectura contemporânea.A ambição de um Manifesto!AbstractIdeology and Disenchantment.An architectural journey that travels between its delusional obstinacy willing to be thing and the self-conscious of its impending death.An opposition that is above all dialectic and in which contradiction represents a produc-tive matter, seeks to inform Architecture of its autonomous political vocation.In its pursuit of materialism finds in Manfredo Tafuri the masterful figure, the conflicts which disclose from his path have become disturbing, unsettling enough to rise a conviction of mandatory present transformation.What are the effective instruments of its analysis? Of what condition of its informs us history about? To whom is it addressed? In which sense does it bind commitment? What have it to say? What is its signifi-cance? In what field does evolve the action took to produce itself? What might it be able to transform?Incitements instigating to rip in the opacity of contemporary architecture production a gash of lucidity.The ambition of a Manifesto!
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Silva, Diogo Henrique Lopes Pereira da. "Ideologia e desencanto - Vocação Política da Arquitectura em Manfredo Tafuri." Master's thesis, 2014. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/76851.
Full textAbstract:
ResumoIdeologia e Desencanto.A viagem que percorre a arquitectura entre a obstinação delirante de querer ser coisa e a autoconsciência da sua iminente morte.Uma oposição que é acima de tudo dialéctica e que incorpora a con-tradição como matéria produtiva, procura informar a arquitectura da sua autónoma vocação política.Encontrando em Manfredo Tafuri a figura magistral do materialis-mo que persegue, os conflitos que no seu rasto se revelam tornaram-se perturbadores, inquietantes na medida suficiente à convicção de uma impe-rativa transformação presente.Quais os instrumentos efectivos da sua análise? De que condição sua nos informa a história? Para quem se dirige? Em que sentido vincula compromissos? O que tem para nos dizer? Qual a sua significação? Em que campo se desenvolve a acção na qual se produz? Que pode ela ser capaz de transformar?Provocações que incitam a abertura de um rasgo de lucidez na opa-cidade da produção da arquitectura contemporânea.A ambição de um Manifesto!AbstractIdeology and Disenchantment.An architectural journey that travels between its delusional obstinacy willing to be thing and the self-conscious of its impending death.An opposition that is above all dialectic and in which contradiction represents a produc-tive matter, seeks to inform Architecture of its autonomous political vocation.In its pursuit of materialism finds in Manfredo Tafuri the masterful figure, the conflicts which disclose from his path have become disturbing, unsettling enough to rise a conviction of mandatory present transformation.What are the effective instruments of its analysis? Of what condition of its informs us history about? To whom is it addressed? In which sense does it bind commitment? What have it to say? What is its signifi-cance? In what field does evolve the action took to produce itself? What might it be able to transform?Incitements instigating to rip in the opacity of contemporary architecture production a gash of lucidity.The ambition of a Manifesto!
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Abreu, Luís Nuno Borges. "Os discursos da Arquitetura e o discurso político entre Manfredo Tafuri e Henri Lefebvre." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/37284.
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Dissertação de mestrado integrado em ArquitecturaO espaço político é o locos de uma crise. Se, historicamente falando, por um momento a Arte foi chamada pela necessidade a projectar o seu estatuto político, agora, a forma política revela-se “problemática”. A arquitetura, entre outras disciplinas da prática do espaço, iniciou a sua própria leitura disciplinar de tal contexto “artístico” que é, pela sua própria definição, um contexto em crise permanente. Alguma da literatura marxista na segunda metade do século XX. projetou um tipo de pensamento radical do qual resultou um ataque à prática da arquitetura baseado, fundamentalmente, num “imperativo politico”. Tal “mentalidade” outrora, em comparação com uma possível “crise da política” hoje, proporciona o enquadramento histórico do assunto. A nossa atenção está focada em duas tendências de crítica providenciadas pelos autores Manfredo Tafuri e Henri Lefebvre. Perspetivamos que existem “novos” signficados a serem compreendidos, descritos numa “colisão” (analitica) entre as tendências.
Political space is the locos of a crisis. If, historically speaking, for a moment Art was called by necessity to project it’s political status, now, the political form founds itself a “problematic” feature. Architecture, among other disciplines of practice space, have started its own disciplinary reading of such “artistic” context which is, by it’s own definition, a context in permanent crisis. Some marxist literature in the second half of the twentieth century came to project a sort of radical thought from which arises an attack on architectural practice fundamentally based on a “political imperative”. Such “mentality” then, in comparison with a possible “political crises” today, offers the historical framework of the subject. Our attention is focused in two tendencies of criticism provided by the authors Manfredo Tafuri and Henri Lefebvre. We foresee that there is “new” meanings to understand today, described by a “clash” (analytical one) between those tendencies.
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HUANG, JIAN-JIA, and 黃建嘉. "The Case Study of Marketing Strategy in Local Specialization Industry – An Example of Tachi TaFang." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qqm6ps.
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碩士開南大學
企業與創業管理學系
102
This study hopes to explore Tachi TaFan adopt adequate business models in fast change business environments, for provide effective marketing strategy and promotion mode to increase their competitiveness in the industry. After literature review and empirical analysis, We have conclusions: Tachi TaFan design customer-need project for full integrate technical resource; Tachi TaFan combine local specialization culture activity for expand integrate tourist activity; and Tachi TaFan integrate brand image, then adopt different distribution channel. Based on the conclusions, we have the following suggestions to the firms: When Tachi TaFan adopt promotion activity, it must combine some restriction and take mass benefit; Tachi TaFan must create consume motivation; Tachi TaFan must reinforce product functions, then increase consumer purchase intention; and Tachi TaFan must support brand image for adapt fast change business environment.
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Wu, Chengliang. "A Study of the Roles of Selected Arginine and Lysine Residues of TAFI in Its Activation to TAFIa by the Thrombin-Thrombomodulin Complex." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1013.
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Thrombin-activatable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor (TAFI) is a 60 kDa plasma protein that can be activated to the enzyme, TAFIa, by thrombin, plasmin or trypsin. TAFIa is a carboxypeptidase B-like enzyme that attenuates fibrinolysis. Thrombomodulin (TM) is a cofactor which increases the overall efficiency of thrombin-mediated TAFI activation by 1250-fold. Thus, the thrombin-TM complex is believed to be the physiological TAFI activator.
The minimal structure of TM required for efficient TAFI activation contains the EGF-like domains 3 through 6. New structure models have postulated that the C-loop of TM EGF-like domain 3 has a negatively charged molecular surface that could interact with several positively charged surface patches on TAFI.
In this study, we constructed recombinant TAFI variants to assess whether the selected positively charged residues on TAFI complement the negative electrostatic potential of the TM EGF-like domain 3, thereby promoting the TAFI-TM interaction in the formation of the ternary thrombin/TM/TAFI complex.
TAFI has exclusive triple lysine residues on its activation peptide. When they are substituted by alanine residues (K42/43/44A), compared to the wild-type, the catalytic efficiencies for TAFI activation by thrombin in the presence and absence of TM decreased by factors of 9 and 3.5, respectively. Other derivatives of TAFI with alanine point mutations at positions K133, K211, K212, and R220, which together represent one positively charged surface patch of TAFI, showed decreased catalytic efficiencies for TAFI activation by thrombin-TM complex from 2.4 to 2.9-fold. A second positive surface patch includes residues K240 and R275. Alanine mutations of these two residues caused decreased catalytic efficiencies by 1.7 and 2.1-fold, respectively. Together, our data show that no single mutation completely eliminates TM dependence in TAFI activation by thrombin, but each mutated residue contributes in the formation of the ternary thrombin/TM/TAFI complex. In addition, all TAFIa derivatives had half lives (8.1 ± 0.6 min) comparable to that of wild-type TAFIa (8.4 ± 0.3 min) at 37 ºC, suggesting that these residues are not involved in TAFIa inactivation by conformational instability.Thesis (Master, Biochemistry) -- Queen's University, 2008-01-31 15:10:19.209
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Schadinger, Steven Leonard. "Secretion and Antifibrinolytic Function of TAFI from Human Platelets." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/5211.
Full textAbstract:
Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is a human plasma-derived zymogen that is activated through proteolytic cleavage by thrombin, thrombin in complex with thrombomodulin, or plasmin. Active TAFI attenuates fibrinolysis by removing carboxyl-terminal lysine residues from partially degraded fibrin, thereby inhibiting a potent positive feedback loop in the fibrinolytic cascade. In addition to the plasma pool of TAFI arising from expression in the liver, a distinct pool of TAFI has been reported to be present in platelets. While the antifibrinolytic effect of plasma-derived TAFI has been well-documented by in vitro and in vivo clot lysis assays, characterization of the platelet-derived form has been limited. Here, we not only confirm the presence of TAFI in the medium of washed, thrombin-stimulated platelets, but also that platelet-derived TAFI is capable of attenuating platelet-rich thrombus lysis in vitro independently of plasma TAFI using a novel thrombus lysis assay. Fluorescent thrombi were generated by suspending washed human platelets in plasma immunodepleted of TAFI containing fluorescently-labeled human fibrinogen such that the only TAFI present in the system was of platelet origin. Following platelet activation and clot retraction induced by thrombin, t-PA-dependent platelet-rich thrombus lysis was observed by removal of timed aliquots from the medium of retracted thrombi followed by measurement of fluorescence. When supplementary thrombomodulin was added to the thrombus medium, a 2.3-fold reduction in lysis rate was observed, indicating platelet-derived TAFI could attenuate the fibrinolytic cascade in vitro. Furthermore, when supplementary recombinant TAFI (rTAFI) was included in the medium, platelet-derived TAFI and rTAFI were observed to combine for greater inhibition of fibrinolysis. Taken together, these observations indicate that the secretion of platelet-derived TAFI can augment concentrations of TAFI already present in plasma to enhance attenuation of the fibrinolytic cascade. This could be significant at sites of vascular damage or regions of pathological thrombosis, where activated platelets are known to accumulate and secrete the contents of their granules. Finally, we have purified platelet-derived TAFI from platelet releasates for future characterization studies and mass spectrometry.Thesis (Master, Biochemistry) -- Queen's University, 2009-09-24 14:22:42.5
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LIN, H.-H. JOELLEN. "Regulation of the Gene Encoding Thrombin-Activable Fibrinolysis Inhibitor in Non-Hepatic Cells." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6774.
Full textAbstract:
Thrombin-activable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is a carboxypeptidase B-like pro-enzyme that, once activated, attenuates fibrinolysis. TAFIa also possesses anti-inflammatory properties. Although liver is the main source of plasma TAFI, platelet-derived TAFI has also been reported. An alternatively spliced TAFI variant resulted from the skipping of exon 6 and a 52-base deletion in exon 10 of CPB2 mRNA (∆6+10) was described to be brain specific. This TAFI variant is reputed to possess a secretase-like activity that cleaves β-amyloid precursor protein to form β-amyloid, a process involved in the onset of Alzheimer's disease.
In this thesis, we report the identification of CPB2 mRNA and TAFI protein in various vascular and inflammatory cells. Specifically, we describe the expression of CPB2 mRNA in the megakaryocytic cell lines MEG-01 and Dami, the monocytic cell line THP-1, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. TAFI protein was detected in differentiated Dami and THP-1 cells.
We next describe the effect of external stimuli such as phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) on CPB2 expression in Dami and THP-1 cells. We found that PMA treatment increases both CPB2 mRNA abundance and promoter activity in Dami cells, and decreases both CPB2 mRNA abundance and promoter activity in THP-1 cells. Deletion analysis of the CPB2 promoter indicated cell-type specific regulation of CPB2 gene expression.
Finally, we evaluated the expression of alternatively spliced CPB2 mRNA variants in hepatic and non hepatic cells. We found that exon 6 skipping variants are expressed in all cell types of interest. The variant previously reported to be brain specific was also found to be expressed in platelets. We found that the alternatively spliced TAFI variants accumulated inside the cells in a non-secretable, hypoglycosylated form and showed no carboxypeptidase activity.
Taken together, this thesis provides further evidence supporting the hypothesis that platelet-derived TAFI is originated from CPB2 gene expression in megakaryocytes. Moreover, our data imply a potential for site-specific anti-inflammatory control provided by macrophage-derived TAFI. Alternative splicing of the CPB2 mRNA may give rise to variants with an intracellular role, perhaps as a peptidase chaperone, and may modulate the synthesis of secretable TAFI.Thesis (Ph.D, Biochemistry) -- Queen's University, 2011-09-26 21:22:33.348
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Miah, MOHAMMAD. "Functional Characterization of TAFI mutants Resistant to Activation by Thrombin, Thrombin-Thrombomodulin or Plasmin." Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1695.
Full textAbstract:
Thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) is a human plasma zymogen that acts as a molecular link between the coagulation and fibrinolytic cascades. TAFI can be activated by thrombin and plasmin but the reaction is enhanced significantly when thrombin is in a complex with the endothelial cofactor thrombomodulin (TM). The in vitro properties of TAFI have been extensively characterized. Activated TAFI (TAFIa) is a thermally unstable enzyme that attenuates fibrinolysis by catalyzing the removal of basic residues from partially degraded fibrin. The in vivo role of the TAFI pathway, however, is poorly defined and very little is known about the role of different activators in regulating the TAFI pathway. In the present study, we have constructed and characterized various TAFI mutants that are resistant to activation by specific activators. Based on peptide sequence studies, these mutants were constructed by altering key amino acid residues surrounding the scissile R92-A93 bond. We measured the thermal stabilities of all our mutants and found them to be similar to wild type TAFI. We have identified that the TAFI mutants P91S, R92K, and S90P are impaired in activation by thrombin or thrombin-TM, thrombin alone, and thrombin alone or plasmin, respectively. The TAFI mutants A93V and S94V were predicted to be resistant to activation by plasmin but this was not observed. The triple mutant, DVV was not activated by any of the aforementioned activators. Finally, we have used in vitro fibrin clot lysis assays to evaluate the antifibrinolytic potential of our variants and were able to correlate their effectiveness with their respective activation kinetics. In summary, we have developed activation resistant TAFI variants that can potentially be used to explore the role of the TAFI pathway in vivo.Thesis (Master, Biochemistry) -- Queen's University, 2009-01-30 11:44:37.191
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Gibson, Deanna Lynn. "Salmonella Enteritidis thin aggregative fimbriae and the extracellular matrix." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/62.
Full textAbstract:
The formation of the Salmonella extracellular matrix is a multicellular behavior important for environmental persistence. It is comprised of uniquely but ill-defined assembled thin aggregative fimbriae (Tafi), cellulose and uncharacterized polysaccharides. Consequently, investigations were launched into further clarifying Tafi assembly and the polysaccharide constituents of the extracellular matrix.
In the Salmonella agfBAC Tafi operon, the transcription and role of agfC has been elusive. In this study using the clinical isolate, Salmonella Enteritidis 27655-3b,
agfBAC transcripts were detected using a reverse transcriptase and transcription was not enhanced by replacement of a stem-loop structure immediately preceding agfC. AgfChis was purified, localized to the periplasm, and found to specifically bind noncrystalline cellulose suggesting an association with the extracellular matrix. An inframe ÎagfC mutant displayed an abundance of 20 nm fibers, which could be
complemented with agfC in trans, in addition to Tafi and an increase in cell
hydrophobicity. Depolymerization of purified 20 nm fibers required exceptionally
stringent conditions to release what proved to be AgfA subunits revealing the 20 nm
fibers as AgfA assemblages of unique morphology. The role of AgfC in Tafi assembly was investigated further via a novel, quantitative antibody-capture assay of in-frame agf mutants. A soluble antibody-accessible form of AgfA was captured in wt, ÎagfB and ÎagfF strains in support of the extracellular nucleation-precipitation pathway of Tafi assembly, but not in ÎagfC or ÎagfE mutants. These results suggest that AgfC and AgfE are required for AgfAâs extracellular assembly and thus may act as atypical AgfAspecific chaperones which facilitate Tafi assembly. The implications of these results are presented in an assembly model for Tafi.
Additional investigations revealed that Salmonella produces an O-Antigen capsule co-regulated with the extracellular matrix. Structural analysis of purified extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) yielded a repeating oligosaccharide unit similar to
iv that of lipopolysaccharide O-Antigen with modifications. Putative carbohydrate
transport and regulatory operons important for capsule expression, designated emcA-H
and emcIJ, were identified by screening a random transposon library with immune serum generated to the capsule. The absence of capsule was confirmed by generating various in-frame Îemc mutants where emcG and emcE were shown to be important in capsule assembly and translocation. Luciferase-based expression studies showed that,
AgfD differentially regulated the emc operons in coordination with extracellular matrix genes. Survival assays demonstrated the capsule is important for desiccation tolerance.
The emc genes were found to be conserved in Salmonellae and thus, the O-Antigen extracellular matrix capsule may be a conserved survival strategy important for
environmental persistence.
Finally, a compositionally unique acidic EPS was found associated with the
extracellular matrix. In-frame ÎbcsA, ÎemcG and ÎagfA mutants but neither ÎagfAÎbcsA nor ÎagfD mutants bound calcofluor, a β-glucan binding fluorescent agent, suggesting that multicellular behavior itself and not necessarily AgfD alone was
influencing EPS expression. A transposon library was screened by ELISA using serum
generated against purified EPS. This identified mutations inactivating genes involved in quorum sensing AI-2 degradation, flagella repression and Tafi and TolA expression. All mutations resulted in the loss of multicellular behavior and immunologically decreased levels of Tafi. This is the first report that implicates quorum sensing AI-2 degradation and flagella repression as part of the regulatory circuit for Tafi expression.
Together, the results reveal Tafi uses assembly factors to facilitate extracellular
polymerization which likely assists the formation of a network of branched, amorphous fimbriae. Tafi together with EPS form the extracellular matrix: Tafi stabilizes the EPS on the microbial communities; EPS imparts it with physical properties such as hydration, charge and diffusion barriers that protect it from adverse environmental conditions such
as desiccation and antimicrobials. This probably contributes to Salmonella survival in the environment and facilitates its cyclic lifestyle.
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Barrionuevo, Camila Nerea. "Dicogamia, sistema reproductivo, producción de néctar y comportamiento de los polinizadores en Salvia stachydifolia Benth., una especie de polinización mixta." Bachelor's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11086/11570.
Full textAbstract:
Tesina (Grado en Ciencias Biológicas)--Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales.
Lugar de Trabajo: Laboratorio de Ecología Evolutiva y Biología Floral. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal-IMBIV-CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. 2019.
19 h. ils.; grafs.; tabls. Contiene Referencia Bibliográfica.El principio del polinizador más efectivo propone que las características de las flores son moldeadas por la selección ejercida por los polinizadores más frecuentes y eficientes, generando características convergentes en diferentes especies de plantas, lo que se identifica como síndrome de polinización. Sin embargo, plantas con características asociadas a un síndrome particular suelen presentan polinización mixta, siendo visitadas por más de un gremio de polinizadores.Este tipo de polinización podría representar una situación evolutivamente inestable. Para analizar la eficiencia de ambos gremios de polinizadores, utilizamos una especie polinizada por insectos y picaflores, Salvia stachydifolia Benth., e indagamos la relación entre el comportamiento de los poliniza dores y tres aspectos de la biología floral: las fases sexuales (dicogamia), la producción de néctar a diferentes horas y el sistema reproductivo (grado de compatibilidad). Observamos que mientras los picaflores visitan entre las 8:00 y las 10:00 h y luego entre las 19:00 y las 21:00 h, los insectos lo hacen entre las 9:00 y las 19:00 h. Sin embargo, no existen diferencias importantes respecto a su comportamiento dentro de cada planta, promoviendo de igual forma la geitonogamia. S. stachydifolia posee un abanico de estrategias reproductivas, desde la polinización cruzada hasta la autopolinización y reproducción asexual, por lo que puede asegurar su reproducción en diferentes escenarios, siendo parcialmente autógama. No obstante, encontramos que el sistema reproductivo es parcialmente autocompatible, siendo más eficiente la polinización cruzada. Por otro lado, S. stachydifolia es parcialmente dicógama ya que en las primeras horas luego de la apertura de las flores, más del 60% se encontraron en fase masculina. Luego, las flores entran en fase hermafrodita, la cual perdura durante el resto de su vida. Respecto a la dinámica del néctar, la tendencia indica una mayor disponibilidad de recompensa cuando predominan las visitas de insectos. La alta concentración y bajo volumen del néctar encontrados son característicos de plantas polinizadas por abejas, pero no excluyen a los picaflores. Los diferentes gremios de polinizadores serían igualmente eficientes, aunque los picaflores podrían favorecer la polinización cruzada al visitar las flores en las primeras horas de la mañana, cuando parte de ellas se encuentran en fase masculina Un cambio persistente en las condiciones ecológicas que aumentara la frecuencia de visitas de picaflores, podría generar la transición hacia la polinización por aves.