Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tag question

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Tag question'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Tag question"

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Merkuryeva, Y. "TAG-QUESTION GRAMMAR: PUNCTUATION." Bulletin of the Moskow State Regional University (Linguistics), no. 4 (2015): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18384/2310-712x-2015-4-85-93.

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Achiri-Taboh, Blasius. "A generalized question tag in English." English Today 31, no. 1 (February 17, 2015): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078414000546.

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In several (colloquial) varieties of English around the world, the tag question is reduced to a single generalized invariant tag ‘isn't it?’. This is used irrespective of the general structure and semantic content of the matrix or main, superordinate clause that embeds it. Linguists started debating seriously on the actual use of tag questions in English since the early 1960s and 70s. The debates then were particularly focused on the use of tags on (elliptical) imperatives, with many concluding that the auxiliary in the imperative main clause is an elliptical will that serves as the source of input for the tag that is appended (Katz & Postal, 1964; Postal, 1966). Arbini (1969) discussed the putative parallel between tag imperatives and tag questions, and other early discussions on tags include Bolinger (1967), Huddleston (1970), and Klima (1964). The present discussion looks to a different direction. As already implied, it focuses on the emergence of isn't it? as a generalized invariant tag.
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Algeo, John. "The Tag Question in British English." English World-Wide 9, no. 2 (January 1, 1988): 171–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.9.2.03alg.

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Sinadinovic, Danka. "The role of tag questions in medical encounters." Serbian Dental Journal 67, no. 4 (2020): 208–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sgs2004208s.

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The discourse of medical encounters is deemed to be an excellent example of both institutional talk and discourse of power. Asking questions is probably the most prominent characteristic of doctor- patient interaction and this paper deals with tag questions as one of the question types that can be found in almost every medical encounter. We will explore tag questions by reviewing current research results in the field of medical discourse and by comparing and discussing examples from transcribed medical encounters in English and Serbian. It will be discussed how often tag questions are used in both corpora, whether doctors and patients use them in the same way and what role these questions have in a medical encounter. Finally, having in mind that getting to ask any question in institutional talk requires a certain amount of power, we will also try to determine if using tag questions affects doctor and patient?s positions in a medical encounter.
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Rottet, Kevin J., and Rex A. Sprouse. "Tag questions in Welsh." Diachronica 25, no. 1 (May 14, 2008): 20–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.25.1.03rot.

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Modern Colloquial Welsh (MCW) displays a considerable variety of tag question patterns. In this paper we offer a unified account for the divergent developments in modern Welsh dialects, focusing on tags attached to “normal” or VSO clauses. We propose a scenario of how the MCW system of tags is descended from the pre-modern system by processes of reanalysis and grammaticalization. We show that South Walian dialects have elaborated a system of tag questions in which the tag reverses the polarity of the anchor to which it is attached, while North Walian dialects have followed a principle of constant polarity in which tags anticipate the polarity of the expected response.
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Basque, Shalane, Marie Savundranayagam, Maren Kimura, and Kristine Williams. "The Use of Tag Questions in Person-centered Communication." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 899–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3313.

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Abstract Tag questions are imperative, declarative, exclamative or interrogative statements that have been modified to include a question (e.g.., It is hot out, isn’t it?). Tag questions have been characterized as elderspeak because it suggests an expected response from the person with dementia, thus limiting his/her ability to make a decision independently. However, tag questions serve multiple functions in conversation. There is limited research on the multidimensional nature of tag questions in conversations between formal caregivers and their clients with dementia. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to investigate the functions of tag questions used by formal caregivers in utterances coded as person-centered. Conversations (N= 87) between formal caregivers and a simulated person with dementia were video-recorded during a 5-minute care interaction involving morning care. Caregivers’ utterances were coded for the use of the following types of person-centered communication: recognition, negotiation, facilitation, and validation. During secondary data analysis, the person-centered utterances were analyzed for the use and function of tag questions. Conversational analyses revealed two broad functions of tag questions: gather information and facilitate a desired action. Tag questions used to gather information included the following specific functions: acknowledge response, establish common ground, state fact or opinion, initiate topic, conversational joking, state what is being done and questions. Tag questions that facilitated a desired reaction included the following specific functions: offers, advice and suggestions and requests and commands. Findings from the current study reveal that tag questions are not exclusively elderspeak and can be used to illicit conversation.
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MOORE, EMMA, and ROBERT PODESVA. "Style, indexicality, and the social meaning of tag questions." Language in Society 38, no. 4 (September 2009): 447–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404509990224.

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ABSTRACTThis article illustrates how the notions of style and indexicality can illuminate understanding of the social meaning of a specific linguistic variable, the tag question. Drawing on conversational speech and ethnographic data from a community of high school girls in northwest England, it quantitatively and qualitatively examines the discourse, grammatical, and phonological design of tag questions in this community. Members of four social groups are shown to use tag questions to similar effect, as a means of conducing particular points of view. However, these groups also exhibit striking differences in the stylistic composition of tags, distinctions that indexically construct stances and personas, which may in turn come to represent group identity. These data suggest that the social meaning of tag questions can be best ascertained by examining their internal composition and by situating them in their broader discursive and social stylistic contexts. (Adolescents, ethnography, indexicality, interactional context, quantitative discourse analysis, social meaning, style, tag questions)
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Yelnim, Yelnim, Sukarta Kartawijaya, and Intan Sherlin. "THE ABILITY OF THE SECOND YEARS STUDENTS OF SMAN 2 SUNGAI PENUH IN USING QUESTION TAGS." JURNAL SYNTAX IMPERATIF : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan 2, no. 1 (January 28, 2021): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/syntax-imperatif.v2i1.71.

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This reseach is aimed at analyzing the ability of the scond years student’s of SMAN 2 Sungai Penuh in using qestion tag. This research was done at SMAN 2 Sungai Penuh. The prposes of the reseach are (1) To know the student’s ability ini using tag in English sentences. (2) To Know, what the student’s weakness using question tag in English sentences.(3)To now, wha the efort taken by teacher to improve student’s ability using question tag in English Sentences. The analysis focuses on learning about question tag. The data are collected by using obsevational method in collecting data, gives test some student’s with 20 item test. The informan of the reseacrh is 10 student’s each of class as sample. The analysis is coducted by using descripive quantiative method which is meant to envelope fact, situation, variable and phenomenon that happen a te time when the reseach takes places and present in with reality. The result shows that the student wakness in using question tag in english sentences. (1) the ability of student in using question tag in sentences low category with score 57% (2) the stdents did not know concept in each of sentences. (3) the student could not difference word that added s or es.
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Ramdani, Akhmad. "ANALISIS KESALAHAN DALAM MENGGUNAKAN QUESTION TAG OLEH MAHASISWA SEMESTER DUA PROGRAM STUDI MANAJEMEN UNIVERSITAS MH. THAMRIN." Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan MH Thamrin 4, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37012/jipmht.v4i2.426.

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Question tag adalah salah satu jenis pertanyaan yang paling sering muncul dalam percakapan. Namun, dalam pelaksanaannya banyak mahasiswa yang tidak bias menjawab pertanyaan jenis ini dengan benar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana kemampuan mahasiswa semester dua Programm Studi Manajemen Universitas MH.Thamrin dalam menggunakan Question tag.Selanjutnya, data penelitian ini dikumpulkan menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Peneliti menggunakan tes untuk mengumpulkan data dan untuk menganalisis pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap Question tag. Selain itu, tes ini juga menggunakan Cronbach Alpha untuk menemukan reliability. Kemudian, dalam menganalisis data, peneliti menggunakan statistik deskriptif melalui langkah-langkah berikut: 1) memberikan skor pada tes mahasiswa, 2) menemukan nilai rata-rata dari skor mahasiswa, 3) mengubah skor menjadi persentase, dan 4) menggunakan interval untuk menemukan pemahaman mahasiswa dalam penggunaan Question tag. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data, diketahui bahwa kemampuan mahasiswa semester dua Program Studi Manajemen dalam menggunakan Question tag dapat dikatakan baik dengan hasil 81,25%. Namun, peneliti juga menemukan akan adanya interferensi bahasa yang menyebabkan mahasiswa mendapatkan 28,75% kesalahan dalam menjawab soal.
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Zhang, Xiaoming, Mingming Meng, Xiaoling Sun, and Yu Bai. "FactQA: question answering over domain knowledge graph based on two-level query expansion." Data Technologies and Applications 54, no. 1 (November 22, 2019): 34–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dta-02-2019-0029.

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Purpose With the advent of the era of Big Data, the scale of knowledge graph (KG) in various domains is growing rapidly, which holds huge amount of knowledge surely benefiting the question answering (QA) research. However, the KG, which is always constituted of entities and relations, is structurally inconsistent with the natural language query. Thus, the QA system based on KG is still faced with difficulties. The purpose of this paper is to propose a method to answer the domain-specific questions based on KG, providing conveniences for the information query over domain KG. Design/methodology/approach The authors propose a method FactQA to answer the factual questions about specific domain. A series of logical rules are designed to transform the factual questions into the triples, in order to solve the structural inconsistency between the user’s question and the domain knowledge. Then, the query expansion strategies and filtering strategies are proposed from two levels (i.e. words and triples in the question). For matching the question with domain knowledge, not only the similarity values between the words in the question and the resources in the domain knowledge but also the tag information of these words is considered. And the tag information is obtained by parsing the question using Stanford CoreNLP. In this paper, the KG in metallic materials domain is used to illustrate the FactQA method. Findings The designed logical rules have time stability for transforming the factual questions into the triples. Additionally, after filtering the synonym expansion results of the words in the question, the expansion quality of the triple representation of the question is improved. The tag information of the words in the question is considered in the process of data matching, which could help to filter out the wrong matches. Originality/value Although the FactQA is proposed for domain-specific QA, it can also be applied to any other domain besides metallic materials domain. For a question that cannot be answered, FactQA would generate a new related question to answer, providing as much as possible the user with the information they probably need. The FactQA could facilitate the user’s information query based on the emerging KG.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tag question"

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Levillain, Pauline. "Marqueurs et polyphonie en anglais contemporain : étude de cas." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00919899.

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Cette recherche propose d'examiner les marqueurs de l'anglais à la lumière du concept de polyphonie, abondamment utilisé en linguistique du français. Cette étude du cas de l'interro-négative en anglais questionne le caractère opératoire de ce concept : renseigne-t-il aussi le fonctionnement de la langue anglaise ?Pour répondre à cette question, nous proposons tout d'abord un retour sur les bases théoriques qui ont inspiré notre travail, pour les mettre ensuite à l'épreuve de nos occurrences d'interro-négatives extraites de notre corpus de nouvelles de Raymond Carver. Nous analysons ainsi, dans un premier temps, les interro-négatives sans pronom interrogatif, introduites par isn't, don't et didn't. Dans un deuxième temps, nous portons notre attention sur la question ouverte introduite par le pronom interrogatif why. Enfin, les question-tags sont abordées : elles permettent d'asseoir notre thèse quant à la place importante qu'occupe l'interlocuteur dans la construction de message. A cet égard, nous réhabilitons son rôle dans le processus de construction de message en lui attribuant celui de co-constructeur
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Duarte, Laura Cardoso. "Tag questions in english and portuguese." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2013. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/106240.

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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 1985.
Made available in DSpace on 2013-12-05T19:49:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 321698.pdf: 3060924 bytes, checksum: 5a66c4e6f492b4dbeb9c2c479b4caa48 (MD5)
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Takahashi, Mariko. "A Comparative Study of Tag Questions and Invariant Tags in Asian Englishes: A Corpus-Based Analysis." Kyoto University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215623.

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Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(人間・環境学)
甲第19797号
人博第768号
新制||人||185(附属図書館)
27||人博||768(吉田南総合図書館)
32833
京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科共生人間学専攻
(主査)教授 齋藤 治之, 教授 壇辻 正剛, 准教授 谷口 一美
学位規則第4条第1項該当
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Guillaume, Bénédicte. "Approche énonciative des "question tags" en anglais contemporain /." Paris : Ophrys, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb409573117.

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Asher, Nicholas, and Brian Reese. "Intonation and discourse : biased questions." Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1939/.

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This paper surveys a range of constructions in which prosody affects discourse function and discourse structure.We discuss English tag questions, negative polar questions, and what we call “focus” questions. We postulate that these question types are complex speech acts and outline an analysis in Segmented Discourse Representation Theory (SDRT) to account for the interactions between prosody and discourse.
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Keisanen, T. (Tiina). "Patterns of stance taking:negative yes/no interrogatives and tag questions in American English conversation." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2006. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514280393.

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Abstract This thesis reports on an empirical study of the forms and functions of two interrelated syntactic constructions, tag questions and negative yes/no interrogatives, in naturally occurring American English conversations. More specifically, the thesis focuses on examining the ways in which these interrogative constructions are involved in the intersubjective and interactional construction of stance. This involves describing the linguistic and interactional practices through which speakers index and negotiate their evaluative, affective or epistemic position or point of view towards some matter in the local context. The data used in the study comprise naturally occurring face-to-face and telephone interactions the majority of which take place between family and friends. The data are drawn from the first three published parts of the Santa Barbara Corpus of Spoken American English.The study is based on the methodological and theoretical principles of interactional linguistics and conversation analysis. The first part of the study provides an examination of the linguistic and grammatical patterning of the chosen constructions in a database of naturally occurring interactions in English. This serves first of all as a study of the general linguistic patterning of utterances with negation or reversed word order in interaction. At the same time, however, the grammatical and semantic categories of person, verb type and tense are employed for establishing the high frequency of linguistic and semantic material that index the current speaker's affective, evaluative and/or epistemic position towards the issue at hand. The second part of the study expands the focus from individual utterances to the surrounding interactional context in which the interrogative constructions are located, and makes use of the conversation analytic methodology. I examine how discourse participants use negative yes/no interrogatives and tag questions as a resource for carrying out different actions such as requesting for confirmation, challenging, disagreeing and assessing, and the ways in which interrogative speakers convey their epistemic, affective or evaluative stances in so doing. In this section of the study the research proceeds through detailed analyses of interaction, and an examination of those sequential environments in which the interrogative constructions are found.
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Kempton, P. A. "The control of tax evasion : Questions for practising accountants." Thesis, University of Bath, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379159.

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Guillaume, Bénédicte. "Approche énonciative des question tags en anglais contemporain : étude d'un corpus écrit et oral." Nice, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NICE2030.

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Ce travail porte sur les énoncés comportant des questions tags (QT) à un mode fini en anglais contemporain, sans exclusive de variété. Nous souhaitons montrer que ce phénomène syntaxiques, fait en réalité partie prenante d'une stratégie énonciative de la part du sujet parlant. En effet, celui-ci se positionne par rapport à la validation de la relation prédicative de la base, puis situe le co-énonciateur, grâce à l'emploi du QT, dans une position qui peut être identifiable ou bien différente de la sienne. Une typologie des énoncés avec QT est propośée en fonction de critères énonciatifs (stratégie de l'énonciateur), syntaxiques (formes respectives de la base et du QT). Elle est testée au moyen de l'étude systématique d'un corpus diversifié d'anglais écrit et oral. Le cadre théorique est la Théorie des Opérations Enonciatives d'A. Culioli.
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Commendatore, Pasquale, Christoph Hammer, Ingrid Kubin, and Carmelo Petraglia. "Policy Issues in NEG Models: Established Results and Open Questions." Springer International Publishing AG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65627-4_2.

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This paper provides a non-technical overview of NEG models dealing with policy issues. Considered policy measures include alternative categories of public expenditure, international tax competition, unilateral actions of protection/liberalisation, and trade agreements. The implications of public intervention in two-region NEG models are discussed by unfolding the impact of policy measures on agglomeration/dispersion forces. Results are described in contrast with those obtained in standard non-NEG theoretical models. The high degree of abstraction limits the applicability of NEG models to real world policy issues. We discuss in some detail two extensions of NEG models to reduce this applicability gap: the cases of multi-regional frameworks and firm heterogeneity.
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Boström, Eriksson Linda. "Gender Specific Features of Language : Their Representation in a Popular TV Show." Thesis, Mid Sweden University, Mid Sweden University, Mid Sweden University, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-8557.

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The aim of this study was to find out how features that have been found to be typical of women’s language, such as hedges, tag questions and a high level of talkativeness etc., are represented in a popular TV series. Five cross-sex conversations from one episode of the sitcom The New Adventures of Old Christine were analyzed, and the results show that many of the features of interest, as for instance tag questions, minimal responses and indirect style, are unexpectedly used more frequently by men in this small investigation. In fact, the only feature that was used more frequently by the female main character was hedges. Several factors affect the results of the study, as for instance the fact that the conversations are fictional. The special characteristics of the speakers also affect the results, as well as the tone and the topic of the chosen conversations. Many of the features of interest were used to a very small extent, which is probably a result of the fact that the language in a sitcom is to be entertaining and rather quick, which leaves little or no room for the features studied.

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Books on the topic "Tag question"

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Algeo, John. The tag question in British English: It's different, i'n'it?. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1988.

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Sütterlin, Sabine. Der Tag der deutschen Einheit im Wandel der Zeit. Kiel: [s.n.], 1992.

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Hertle, Hans-Hermann. Mein 9. November: Der Tag, an dem die Mauer fiel. Berlin: Nicolai, 1999.

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Elmshorn, Germany) Schleswig-Holstein-Tag (1998. "150 Jahre Streben nach Demokratie": Vorträge zum Schleswig-Holstein-Tag 1998 in Elmshorn. Kiel: Schleswig-Holsteinischer Heimatbund (SHHB), 1999.

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Rastatter Tag zur Geschichte des Liberalismus (1st 1988). Freiheit und Einheit, Liberalismus und deutsche Frage: 1. Rastatter Tag zur Geschichte des Liberalismus am 17./18. September 1988. Sankt Augustin: COMDOK-Verlagsabteilung, 1989.

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China (Republic : 1949- ). Guang fu da lu she ji yan jiu wei yuan hui. Mi shu chu. Da lu tan qin wen ti tan tao. [Taipei]: Guang fu da lu she ji yan jiu wei yuan hui mi shu chu, 1988.

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Chu shou: Hu zheng quan dui Tai zheng ce chu tan. Taibei Shi: Hai xia xue shu chu ban she, 2005.

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Chu, C. K. Why Tai Chi?: Questions & answers. Forest Hills Station, NY: Sunflower Press, 2011.

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al-Ḍarāʼib, Morocco Mudīrīyat. T.V.A.: Questions-réponses. [Rabat]: Royaume du Maroc, Ministère des finances, Direction des impôts, Division des T.C.A., 1986.

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Ren min bi hui lü xian shi wen ti de zheng lun yu tan tao: Jian tan hui lü bo dong yuan li yu feng xian fang fan. Beijing: Zhongguo cai zheng jing ji chu ban she, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tag question"

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McGregor, William B. "3. The English ‘tag question’." In On Subject and Theme, 91. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.118.04mcg.

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Roy, Pradeep Kumar, and Jyoti Prakash Singh. "A Tag2Vec Approach for Questions Tag Suggestion on Community Question Answering Sites." In Machine Learning and Data Mining in Pattern Recognition, 168–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96133-0_13.

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Costa, Gianni, and Riccardo Ortale. "Collaborative Recommendation of Temporally-Discounted Tag-Based Expertise for Community Question Answering." In Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, 41–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47426-3_4.

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Wong, May. "Tag Questions." In Hong Kong English, 31–52. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-51964-1_2.

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Maia, Macedo, Siegfried Handschuh, and Markus Endres. "A Tag-Based Transformer Community Question Answering Learning-to-Rank Model in the Home Improvement Domain." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 127–38. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86475-0_13.

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Cuenca, Maria Josep. "Form-Use Mappings for Tag Questions." In Discourse and Perspective in Cognitive Linguistics, 3. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.151.04cue.

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Gómez González, María de los Ángeles. "Canonical tag questions in English, Spanish and Portuguese." In Genre- and Register-related Discourse Features in Contrast, 93–126. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/bct.87.06gom.

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Xie, Zhipeng. "Enhancing Document-Based Question Answering via Interaction Between Question Words and POS Tags." In Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing, 136–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73618-1_12.

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Lu, Shuyuan. "Tao Yuanming and the Meta-question of Humanity." In The Ecological Era and Classical Chinese Naturalism, 1–31. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1784-1_1.

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Doval-Suárez, Susana M., and Elsa M. González Álvarez. "The use of tag questions in the oral production of L2 English learners." In The Construction of Discourse as Verbal Interaction, 145–70. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pbns.296.06dov.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tag question"

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Peng, Yingying, and Xiaofang Gao. "Tag Question: More Than a Gender Issue." In 6th Annual International Conference on Language, Literature and Linguistics (L3 2017). Global Science & Technology Forum (GSTF), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-3566_l317.15.

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Yang, Baoguo, and Suresh Manandhar. "Tag-based expert recommendation in community question answering." In 2014 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/asonam.2014.6921702.

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Bawden, Rachel. "Machine Translation, it's a question of style, innit? The case of English tag questions." In Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/d17-1265.

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Tumenbayar, Gerel, and Hung Yu Kao. "Topic suggestion by Bayesian network enhanced tag inference in community question answering." In 2016 Conference on Technologies and Applications of Artificial Intelligence (TAAI). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/taai.2016.7880110.

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Wang, Zhe, Xiaoyi Liu, Limin Wang, Yu Qiao, Xiaohui Xie, and Charless Fowlkes. "Structured Triplet Learning with POS-Tag Guided Attention for Visual Question Answering." In 2018 IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wacv.2018.00209.

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Zhilyaev, A. E., and E. B. Gurova. "On the question of the authentication tag length based on Reed-Solomon codes." In 2018 Moscow Workshop on Electronic and Networking Technologies (MWENT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwent.2018.8337293.

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Kliment'eva, N. M., A. A. Anohina, and E. E. Loginova. "Local budgets under quarantine measures yesterday, today and tomorrow." In General question of world science. L-Journal, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/gq-30-11-2020-07.

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The authors of the article investigated regulatory documents for the creation of budget and tax systems in our country yesterday and today. Problems that in the future (tomorrow) will lead to the lack of tax revenues in local budgets due to the outflow of the able-bodied population and persons engaged in entrepreneurial activities from the territories of municipalities have been investigated. Copyright judgments on the need to reduce the level of centralization of budget and tax systems for the development of the economy of municipalities have been proposed.
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Sun, Jiankai, Jie Zhao, Huan Sun, and Srinivasan Parthasarathy. "EndCold: An End-to-End Framework for Cold Question Routing in Community Question Answering Services." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/449.

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Routing newly posted questions (a.k.a cold questions) to potential answerers with suitable expertise in Community Question Answering sites (CQAs) is an important and challenging task. The existing methods either focus only on embedding the graph structural information and are less effective for newly posted questions, or adopt manually engineered feature vectors that are not as representative as the graph embedding methods. Therefore, we propose to address the challenge of leveraging heterogeneous graph and textual information for cold question routing by designing an end-to-end framework that jointly learns CQA node embeddings and finds best answerers for cold questions. We conducted extensive experiments to confirm the usefulness of incorporating the textual information from question tags and demonstrate that an end-2-end framework can achieve promising performances on routing newly posted questions asked by both existing users and newly registered users.
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Klimenteva, N. M., and V. E. Uliankin. "Tax amnesty as an instrument of tax policy to strengthen financial potential: historical aspect and foreign experience." In General question of world science. "Наука России", 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/gq-30-11-2018-16.

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Kavuk, Eray Mert, and Ayse Tosun. "Predicting Stack Overflow Question Tags." In ICSE '20: 42nd International Conference on Software Engineering. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3387940.3391491.

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Reports on the topic "Tag question"

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Shmakova, Marina V. TO THE QUESTION OF THE NEED FOR ACCOUNTING THE SPECIFICITY OF TAX LEGISLATION AND THE FEATURES OF THE ORGANIZATION'S STADIAL DEVELOPMENT IN TAX PLANNING. Fund Economy, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/financialeconomy-2018-8-528-531.

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Hamudi, Simbarashe. Perception of Taxpayers and Tax Administrators Towards Value Added Withholding Tax in Zimbabwe. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2021.013.

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Value added tax is a key tax for generating revenue in Zimbabwe and all African states, and for financing the budget in African countries. VAT revenue has an essential role in budgetary policymaking. Every year revenue authorities are not collecting large amounts of VAT for various reasons, including ineffective administration and tax evasion. This brings the question of the reform of the VAT system to the forefront. In Zimbabwe, attempts to improve VAT revenue collection have been made over several years. Hopes were pinned on the use of fiscalisation and audits of VAT refunds.1 However, traders continue to evade VAT – and this has led to the introduction of value added withholding tax to improve VAT revenue collection.
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Agrawal, Asha Weinstein, and Hilary Nixon. What Do Americans Think About Federal Tax Options to Support Transportation? Results from Year Twelve of a National Survey. Mineta Transportation Institute, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2101.

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This report summarizes the results from the twelfth year of a national public opinion survey asking U.S. adults questions related to their views on federal transportation taxes. A nationally-representative sample of 2,516 respondents completed the online survey from February 5 to 23, 2021. The questions test public opinions about raising the federal gas tax rate, replacing the federal gas tax with a new mileage fee, and imposing a mileage fee just on commercial travel. In addition to asking directly about support for these tax options, the survey collected data on respondents’ views on the quality of their local transportation system, their priorities for federal transportation spending, their knowledge about gas taxes, their views on privacy and equity matters related to mileage fees, travel behavior, and standard sociodemographic variables. This large set of variables is used to identify personal characteristics and opinions correlated with support for the tax options. Key findings include that large majorities supported transportation improvements across modes and wanted to see the federal government work towards making the transportation system well maintained, safe, and equitable, as well as to reduce the system’s impact on climate change. Findings related to gas taxes include that only 2% of respondents knew that the federal gas tax rate had not been raised in more than 20 years, and 71% of respondents supported increasing the federal gas tax by 10 cents per gallon if the revenue would be dedicated to maintenance. With respect to mileage fees, roughly half of respondents supported some form of mileage fee, whether that was assessed on all travel or just on commercial travel, 62% believe that low-income drivers should pay a reduced mileage fee rate, and 52% think that electric vehicles should pay a lower rate than gas and diesel vehicles. The analysis of trends across the survey series, which has run from 2010 to 2011, shows that support for both higher gas taxes and a hypothetical new mileage fee has risen slowly but steadily, and Americans’ experience with COVID over the past year has not disrupted those trends. Finally, support for the tax and fee options varies mostly by most personal characteristics, but there are frequently large differences correlated with age, community type, and political affiliation.
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